JP2006314044A - Image pickup apparatus - Google Patents

Image pickup apparatus Download PDF

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JP2006314044A
JP2006314044A JP2005136369A JP2005136369A JP2006314044A JP 2006314044 A JP2006314044 A JP 2006314044A JP 2005136369 A JP2005136369 A JP 2005136369A JP 2005136369 A JP2005136369 A JP 2005136369A JP 2006314044 A JP2006314044 A JP 2006314044A
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optical
light
light emitting
rotation
elements
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JP2006314044A5 (en
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Hiroyasu Nose
博康 能瀬
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Canon Inc
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Canon Inc
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact image pickup apparatus capable of performing the signal transmission of mutli channel non-contact without using a complicated optical system. <P>SOLUTION: The image pickup apparatus is provided with: an anchor block 41 equipped with a bearing part 40; a pan rotation table 42 whose rotating shaft is supported by the bearing part 40; an image pickup camera 43; and a tilt supporting part 44 which is arranged on the pan rotation table 42 and supports the image pickup camera 43 via the rotation supporting shaft so that it can rotate in a tilt direction. The rotation shaft 2 of the pan rotation table 42 is a hollow shaft and, on a tip of it, a rotation side print substrate 5 is fixed. Moreover, on the rotation side print substrate 5, three different light emission diodes (LED) 7, of wavelengths R (639nm), G (530nm), and B (470mn). In a fixed part 3, a fixed side print substrate 6 mounting a photodiode 8 at a position opposite to the LED 7 is fixed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、撮像装置に関し、特に、監視又はテレビ会議等に用いるのに適し、カメラが360°以上エンドレスで回動可能な撮像装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an imaging apparatus, and more particularly to an imaging apparatus that is suitable for use in surveillance or video conference, and in which a camera can be rotated endlessly by 360 ° or more.

従来、カメラがエンドレスで回動可能な監視装置等では、固定部と回転部の間で、カメラ回転駆動用モータ等の電源の供給、カメラの制御信号やカメラの映像信号等の情報の授受を行う必要がある。そのために、ブラシとリング状電極から成る機械式スリップリングが広く用いられているが、その他に以下のような従来技術がある。   Conventionally, in a monitoring device or the like in which the camera can be rotated endlessly, supply of power such as a motor for driving the camera rotation, and transmission and reception of information such as a camera control signal and a camera video signal between the fixed unit and the rotating unit. There is a need to do. For this purpose, mechanical slip rings composed of brushes and ring electrodes are widely used, but there are other conventional techniques as follows.

まず、第1の従来技術として、電動雲台の固定部及び回転部間の信号の授受をそれらの間に設けた光電変換手段により非接触で行う方式がある(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   First, as a first conventional technique, there is a system in which a signal is exchanged between a fixed part and a rotating part of an electric pan head in a non-contact manner by a photoelectric conversion means provided therebetween (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

この方式による監視装置は、図12に示すように、固定部101と、固定部101の上に回転自在に載置された回転部102と、回転部102の上に搭載されたカメラ103とを備える。固定部101と回転部102の間において、固定部101は、光送信ユニット104と光受信ユニット107を有し、回転部102は、光送信ユニット104に対向する光受信ユニット105と、光受信ユニット107に対向する光送信ユニット106とを有する。これらの光送信ユニット104,106は、夫々、発光ダイオード(LED)とその駆動回路から成り、光受信ユニット105,107は、夫々、フォトダイオードと駆動回路とアンプとから成る。   As shown in FIG. 12, the monitoring apparatus according to this method includes a fixed unit 101, a rotating unit 102 that is rotatably mounted on the fixed unit 101, and a camera 103 that is mounted on the rotating unit 102. Prepare. Between the fixed unit 101 and the rotating unit 102, the fixed unit 101 includes an optical transmission unit 104 and an optical receiving unit 107. The rotating unit 102 includes an optical receiving unit 105 that faces the optical transmitting unit 104, and an optical receiving unit. The optical transmission unit 106 is opposed to the optical transmission unit 107. Each of these optical transmission units 104 and 106 includes a light emitting diode (LED) and a driving circuit thereof, and each of the optical reception units 105 and 107 includes a photodiode, a driving circuit, and an amplifier.

光送信ユニット104と光受信ユニット105の組は、カメラのズーム、フォーカス、チルト動作等のカメラの制御信号を固定部101から回転部102に伝達し、光送信ユニット106と光受信ユニット107の組は、カメラの映像信号を回転部102から固定部101へ伝達することができる。   The set of the optical transmission unit 104 and the optical reception unit 105 transmits camera control signals such as zoom, focus, and tilt operations of the camera from the fixed unit 101 to the rotation unit 102, and the set of the optical transmission unit 106 and the optical reception unit 107. Can transmit the video signal of the camera from the rotating unit 102 to the fixed unit 101.

また、第2の従来技術として、固定部及び回転部間の信号の授受を発光素子と受光素子を備える光回転結合装置によって行うものがある(例えば、特許文献2)。   In addition, as a second conventional technique, there is one in which a signal is transmitted and received between a fixed part and a rotating part by an optical rotation coupling device including a light emitting element and a light receiving element (for example, Patent Document 2).

この光回転結合装置は、図13に示すように、周辺に発光素子203が実装されると共に、回転軸207上において受光素子205が実装された固定側プリント基板201と、固定側プリント基板201に対して回転軸207の回りに回転自在に配され、周辺に発光素子202が実装されると共に、回転軸207上において受光素子206が実装されたに回転側プリント基板202とを備える。固定側プリント基板201の発光素子203は、回転側プリント基板202の受光素子206に向けて斜めに発光すると共に、回転側プリント基板202の発光素子204は、固定側プリント基板201の受光素子205に向けて斜めに発光するようになっている。これにより、固定側プリント基板201と回転側プリント基板202の間で信号を伝達することができる。   As shown in FIG. 13, this optical rotation coupling device includes a fixed printed circuit board 201 on which a light emitting element 203 is mounted in the periphery and a light receiving element 205 mounted on a rotation shaft 207, and a fixed printed circuit board 201. On the other hand, the light-emitting element 202 is mounted around the rotation shaft 207 so as to be rotatable. The light-receiving element 206 is mounted on the rotation shaft 207 and the rotation-side printed circuit board 202 is provided. The light emitting element 203 of the fixed side printed circuit board 201 emits light obliquely toward the light receiving element 206 of the rotation side printed circuit board 202, and the light emitting element 204 of the rotation side printed circuit board 202 is directed to the light receiving element 205 of the fixed side printed circuit board 201. It emits light at an angle. Thereby, a signal can be transmitted between the fixed side printed circuit board 201 and the rotation side printed circuit board 202.

さらに、第3の従来技術として、固定部及び回転部間の信号の授受を複数のチャンネルをもつ1つの光学伝達系により行う方式がある(例えば、特許文献3参照)。   Furthermore, as a third prior art, there is a method in which signals are transmitted and received between a fixed unit and a rotating unit using one optical transmission system having a plurality of channels (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

この方式は、ビデオレコーダーの回転磁気ヘッドの光信号を複数のチャンネルで伝達するものであり、複数のチャンネルに対応した波長の異なる発光素子の光をミラーとビームスプリッターとを組み合わせて1つの光路に合成し、回転側と固定側の間の空間を通して伝達し、その1つになった光を分光プリズムを用いて波長の違いにより分離し、各チャンネルの受光素子に導くようにしている。
特開平9−284612号公報 特開2001−44940号公報 特開昭62−117105号公報
In this method, the optical signal of the rotating magnetic head of the video recorder is transmitted through a plurality of channels, and light from light emitting elements having different wavelengths corresponding to the plurality of channels is combined into a single optical path by combining a mirror and a beam splitter. The light is combined and transmitted through a space between the rotating side and the fixed side, and the combined light is separated by a wavelength difference using a spectroscopic prism and guided to a light receiving element of each channel.
JP-A-9-284612 JP 2001-44940 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-117105

しかしながら、第1の従来技術では、固定部及び回転部間の信号の授受を発光素子と受光素子の組を2つ用いて行っているが、発光する光は区別されていないので、発光素子の光信号が受光素子の表面や伝送空間の壁面等で反射し、他の組の受光素子に入射してクロストークが生じ易く、また、発光素子と受光素子の組は2つしか配置されていないので、多チャンネルの信号伝達を行うことができない。   However, in the first prior art, signals are transmitted and received between the fixed part and the rotating part using two sets of light emitting elements and light receiving elements. However, since the light emitted is not distinguished, The optical signal is reflected on the surface of the light receiving element, the wall surface of the transmission space, etc., and is incident on another set of light receiving elements, and crosstalk is likely to occur, and only two sets of light emitting elements and light receiving elements are arranged. Therefore, multi-channel signal transmission cannot be performed.

第2の従来技術では、発光素子の配置を中心軸からずらして、斜めに光を当てることにより、反射光が直接他の受光素子に入らないようにしているが、伝送空間の壁面等の反射光があり、クロストークが生じると共に、受光素子の配置も回転側、固定側の回転軸上に限定されるので、双方向で夫々1チャンネルの信号伝送しかできない。   In the second prior art, the arrangement of the light emitting elements is shifted from the central axis and light is applied obliquely so that the reflected light does not directly enter other light receiving elements. There is light, crosstalk occurs, and the arrangement of the light receiving elements is limited to the rotation axis on the rotation side and the fixed side, so that only one-channel signal transmission can be performed in both directions.

第3の従来技術では、波長の異なる発光素子の光をビームスプリッター等のプリズムで合成し、回転軸を通る1つの光路を介して伝送し、再び分波プリズムを用いて分離するので、多チャンネルには適しているが、プリズムを用いた複雑な光学系を必要とするので、その占有空間が大きくなってコンパクトな構成にすることができず、また、光学プリズム等も高価で低コスト化することができない。   In the third prior art, light from light emitting elements having different wavelengths is synthesized by a prism such as a beam splitter, transmitted through one optical path passing through the rotation axis, and separated again using a demultiplexing prism. However, since a complicated optical system using a prism is required, the occupied space becomes large and a compact configuration cannot be achieved, and the optical prism is also expensive and low in cost. I can't.

本発明の目的は、複雑な光学系を用いることなく、非接触で多チャンネルの信号伝達を行うことができるコンパクトな撮像装置を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide a compact imaging apparatus capable of non-contact and multi-channel signal transmission without using a complicated optical system.

上記目的を達成するために、請求項1記載の撮像装置は、カメラと、前記カメラを保持する回転部と、前記回転部を回転自在に支持する固定部と、前記回転部と前記固定部の間に配された光回転結合器とからなる撮像装置において、前記光回転結合器は、前記回転部に配され、発光素子及び受光素子の少なくとも一方から成る複数の第1の光学素子と、前記固定部に配され、前記複数の第1の光学素子と夫々対応すると共に相補的な複数の第2の光学素子とから成り、前記複数の発光素子は、発光する波長が互いに異なると共に、前記複数の受光素子は、夫々、前記複数の発光素子が発光する光の波長を選択的に透過するカラーフィルタを備えることを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, an imaging apparatus according to claim 1 includes a camera, a rotating unit that holds the camera, a fixing unit that rotatably supports the rotating unit, and the rotating unit and the fixing unit. In the imaging device including the optical rotary coupler disposed between the optical rotary coupler, the optical rotary coupler is disposed in the rotating unit, and a plurality of first optical elements including at least one of a light emitting element and a light receiving element; and The plurality of light emitting elements are arranged in a fixed portion and correspond to the plurality of first optical elements, respectively, and are complementary to each other. Each of the light receiving elements includes a color filter that selectively transmits a wavelength of light emitted from the plurality of light emitting elements.

請求項6記載の撮像装置は、カメラと、前記カメラを保持する回転部と、前記回転部を回転自在に支持する固定部と、前記回転部と前記固定部の間に配された光回転結合器とからなる撮像装置において、前記光回転結合器は、前記回転部に配され、発光素子及び受光素子の少なくとも一方から成る複数の第1の光学素子と、前記固定部に配され、前記複数の光学素子と夫々対応すると共に相補的な複数の第2の光学素子とから成り、前記複数の発光素子は、円偏光の旋回方向が互いに異なる円偏光フィルタを備え、前記複数の受光素子は、当該受光素子に対応する発光素子の円偏光フィルタと同じ旋回方向の円偏光フィルタを備えることを特徴とする。   7. The imaging apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the camera, a rotating unit that holds the camera, a fixed unit that rotatably supports the rotating unit, and an optical rotation coupling disposed between the rotating unit and the fixed unit. The optical rotation coupler is disposed in the rotating unit, and is disposed in the plurality of first optical elements including at least one of a light emitting element and a light receiving element, and in the fixing unit. Each of the plurality of light-emitting elements includes circular polarization filters having different directions of rotation of circularly polarized light, and the plurality of light-receiving elements include: A circular polarization filter having the same rotational direction as the circular polarization filter of the light emitting element corresponding to the light receiving element is provided.

本発明によれば、発光素子の複数は、発光する波長が互いに異なると共に、受光素子の複数は、夫々、前記複数の発光素子が発光する光の波長を選択的に透過するカラーフィルタを備えるので、複雑な光学系を用いることなく、非接触で多チャンネルの信号伝達を行うことができる。   According to the present invention, the plurality of light emitting elements have different wavelengths to emit light, and the plurality of light receiving elements each include a color filter that selectively transmits the wavelength of light emitted by the plurality of light emitting elements. Thus, multi-channel signal transmission can be performed in a non-contact manner without using a complicated optical system.

本発明によれば、複数の発光素子は、円偏光の旋回方向が互いに異なる円偏光フィルタを備え、複数の受光素子は、当該受光素子に対応する発光素子の円偏光フィルタと同じ旋回方向の円偏光フィルタを備えるので、複雑な光学系を用いることなく、非接触で多チャンネルの信号伝達を行うことができる。   According to the present invention, the plurality of light-emitting elements include circular polarization filters having different circularly-polarized rotation directions, and the plurality of light-receiving elements have the same circular direction as the circular polarization filter of the light-emitting element corresponding to the light-receiving element. Since the polarizing filter is provided, multi-channel signal transmission can be performed in a non-contact manner without using a complicated optical system.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照しながら詳述する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

図1は、本発明の実施の形態に係る撮像装置の構成を概略的に示す断面図である。   FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of an imaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

図1の撮像装置は、軸受部40を備える固定台41と、回転軸が軸受部40に支持されたパン回転台42と、撮像カメラ43と、パン回転台42の上に配されると共に、撮像カメラ43をその回転支持軸を介してチルト方向に回動可能に支持するチルト支持部44とを備える。   The imaging apparatus of FIG. 1 is disposed on a fixed base 41 having a bearing portion 40, a pan rotary table 42 whose rotation shaft is supported by the bearing portion 40, an imaging camera 43, and the pan rotary table 42. A tilt support portion 44 that supports the imaging camera 43 so as to be rotatable in the tilt direction via the rotation support shaft is provided.

撮像装置は、また、固定台41内においてパン回転台42の回転軸に固定されたギア50と、固定台41内に配されたパン用モータ48と、パン用モータ48の出力軸に取り付けられると共に、ギア50に噛合するギア49と、撮像カメラ43の回転支持軸に固定されたギア47と、チルト支持部44内に配されたチルト用モータ45と、チルト用モータ45の出力軸に取り付けられると共に、ギア47に噛合するウォームギア46とを備える。   The imaging device is also attached to a gear 50 fixed to the rotation shaft of the pan rotation table 42 in the fixed table 41, a pan motor 48 disposed in the fixed table 41, and an output shaft of the bread motor 48. At the same time, the gear 49 meshes with the gear 50, the gear 47 fixed to the rotation support shaft of the imaging camera 43, the tilt motor 45 disposed in the tilt support portion 44, and the output shaft of the tilt motor 45. And a worm gear 46 that meshes with the gear 47.

撮像装置は、さらに、軸受部40内においてパン回転台42の回転軸に設けられた電源供給のためのスリップリング52と、固定台41内において、軸受部40の下端に取り付けられ、パン回転台42の回転軸の先端と協働して作動すべく、3チャンネルの信号伝達経路を備える後述する図2の光回転結合器51とを備える。   The imaging device is further attached to the lower end of the bearing unit 40 in the fixed base 41 and the slip ring 52 for supplying power provided in the rotating shaft of the pan rotating table 42 in the bearing unit 40. In order to operate in cooperation with the tip of the rotating shaft 42, an optical rotary coupler 51 shown in FIG. 2 having a three-channel signal transmission path is provided.

スリップリング52は、パン回転台42の回転軸に取り付けられたリング状電極と、それに接触するブラシとから成り、ブラシは端子53に接続されている。   The slip ring 52 includes a ring-shaped electrode attached to the rotation shaft of the pan turntable 42 and a brush that contacts the ring electrode, and the brush is connected to a terminal 53.

光回転結合器51は、端子54,55,56に夫々接続されており、
各々の端子には撮像カメラからの映像信号出力やカメラ情報信号出力、外部からのカメラ制御信号入力やチルト用モーターの制御信号入力などの入出力信号が割り当てられている。
The optical rotary coupler 51 is connected to terminals 54, 55 and 56, respectively.
Input / output signals such as a video signal output from the imaging camera and a camera information signal output, an external camera control signal input, and a tilt motor control signal input are assigned to each terminal.

上記のような機械式のスリップリング52は、摩耗等により接触ノイズが生じ易いが、平滑回路等を用いることによりノイズをなくすことができる。しかし、撮像カメラ43からの映像信号や固定台41からパン回転台42に伝達されるカメラ制御信号やチルトモータ用制御信号はノイズに弱いので、光回転結合器51は、電気信号を光に変換して非接触で信号伝達を行う。   The mechanical slip ring 52 as described above is liable to generate contact noise due to wear or the like, but noise can be eliminated by using a smoothing circuit or the like. However, since the video signal from the imaging camera 43, the camera control signal transmitted from the fixed base 41 to the pan turntable 42, and the tilt motor control signal are vulnerable to noise, the optical rotary coupler 51 converts the electrical signal into light. Then, signal transmission is performed without contact.

図2は、図1の撮像装置に用いられる光回転結合器の実施例の断面図である。図2の光回転結合器の構成はパン回転台42から固定台41へ撮像カメラからの映像信号出力やカメラ情報信号出力などの信号を一方向に伝達する場合を説明している。   FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an optical rotary coupler used in the imaging apparatus of FIG. The configuration of the optical rotary coupler in FIG. 2 describes a case where a signal such as a video signal output from the imaging camera or a camera information signal output is transmitted in one direction from the pan rotating table 42 to the fixed table 41.

図2の光回転結合器において、パン回転台42の回転軸2は中空軸になっており、その先端には回転側プリント基板5が取り付けられている。さらに、回転側プリント基板5には、波長がR(639nm)、G(530nm)、及びB(470nm)の異なる3つの発光ダイオード(LED)7が配されている。LED7の各信号線10は、回転軸2の中空部を通って回転側の電気回路に接続されている。   In the optical rotary coupler of FIG. 2, the rotary shaft 2 of the pan turntable 42 is a hollow shaft, and the rotary printed circuit board 5 is attached to the tip. Furthermore, three light emitting diodes (LEDs) 7 having different wavelengths of R (639 nm), G (530 nm), and B (470 nm) are arranged on the rotation side printed circuit board 5. Each signal line 10 of the LED 7 passes through the hollow portion of the rotating shaft 2 and is connected to the electric circuit on the rotating side.

固定部3には、LED7の対向する位置にフォトダイオード8が載った固定側プリント基板6が取り付けられている。フォトダイオード8は3つ配されており、その表面には夫々R,G,Bのカラーフィルタ9が接着されている。R,G,Bのカラーフィルター9はLED7の光の波長に対応し、その波長の光を選択的に透過し、他の波長の光は吸収される。フォトダイオード8で受光した信号は信号線11により固定側の電気回路に接続されている。   A fixed printed circuit board 6 on which a photodiode 8 is mounted is attached to the fixed portion 3 at a position facing the LED 7. Three photodiodes 8 are arranged, and R, G, and B color filters 9 are bonded to the surface thereof. The R, G, and B color filters 9 correspond to the wavelength of light of the LED 7, selectively transmit light of that wavelength, and absorb light of other wavelengths. A signal received by the photodiode 8 is connected to a fixed-side electric circuit by a signal line 11.

回転側プリント基板5上の3つのLED7は、図3(a)に示すように、ほぼ同心円上に等角度間隔で配置され、固定側プリント基板6上のフォトダイオード8も、図3(b)に示すように、ほぼ同心円上に等角度間隔で配置されている。   As shown in FIG. 3A, the three LEDs 7 on the rotation side printed circuit board 5 are arranged substantially equidistantly on a concentric circle, and the photodiodes 8 on the fixed side printed circuit board 6 are also formed as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the light beams are arranged at equiangular intervals on substantially concentric circles.

LED7から出射する光はLEDのレンズにより広げられ、フォトダイオード8のある領域を照射する。その際、LED7の出射光の中心軸は3個のフォトダイオードの中心Oとなるように向きが調整されている。   The light emitted from the LED 7 is spread by the LED lens and irradiates a certain area of the photodiode 8. At that time, the direction is adjusted so that the central axis of the emitted light of the LED 7 becomes the center O of the three photodiodes.

回転軸2が回転してLED7が回転する時、対応するフォトダイオード8にはその波長の光は常に入射しているので信号伝達は可能である。その際、LEDの光の照度むらがあるため、回転軸2の回転に同期した信号が発生するが、信号線の信号の周波数は数10kHz以上なのでハイパスフィルタ等で取り除くことができる。   When the rotating shaft 2 rotates and the LED 7 rotates, light of that wavelength is always incident on the corresponding photodiode 8 so that signal transmission is possible. At that time, since the illuminance unevenness of the LED light is generated, a signal synchronized with the rotation of the rotary shaft 2 is generated. However, since the frequency of the signal line signal is several tens of kHz or more, it can be removed by a high-pass filter or the like.

図2の光回転結合器では、回転軸2の側にLEDを3つ、固定部3の側にフォトダイオードを3つ設け、回転軸2から固定部3へ一方向的に信号伝達が行われる例を示したが、LEDとフォトダイオードを入れ替えて、固定部3の側から回転軸2の側へ信号伝達を行うこともできる。   In the optical rotary coupler of FIG. 2, three LEDs are provided on the rotary shaft 2 side and three photodiodes are provided on the fixed portion 3 side, and signal transmission is performed unidirectionally from the rotary shaft 2 to the fixed portion 3. Although an example was shown, it is also possible to exchange signals from the fixed portion 3 side to the rotating shaft 2 side by replacing the LED and the photodiode.

図4は、図2の光回転結合器の第1の変形例の断面図である。   FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a first modification of the optical rotary coupler of FIG.

図4の光回転結合器の構成は、撮像カメラからの映像信号をパン回転台42から固定台41へ伝達し、外部からのカメラ制御信号とチルト用モーターの制御信号を固定台41から回転台42へ伝達する場合を説明している。
4 transmits the video signal from the imaging camera from the pan rotating table 42 to the fixed table 41, and the camera control signal and the tilt motor control signal from the outside are transmitted from the fixed table 41 to the rotating table. The case of transmitting to 42 is described.
.

回転側プリント基板5上の1つのLED7と2つのフォトダイオード8は、ほぼ同心円上に等角度間隔で配置され(図5(a))、また、固定側プリント基板6の2つのLED7と1つのフォトダイオード8もほぼ同心円状に等角度間隔で配置されている(図5(b))。   One LED 7 and two photodiodes 8 on the rotation side printed circuit board 5 are arranged on a substantially concentric circle at equiangular intervals (FIG. 5A). The photodiodes 8 are also arranged in substantially concentric circles at equiangular intervals (FIG. 5B).

本実施の形態ではR,G,Bの波長で3チャンネルの伝送を行う例を説明したが、波長の数を増やせば3チャンネル以上の伝送が可能になる。   In this embodiment, an example in which transmission of three channels is performed using the R, G, and B wavelengths has been described. However, if the number of wavelengths is increased, transmission of three or more channels is possible.

図6は、図2の光回転結合器の第2の変形例の断面図である。   FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a second modification of the optical rotary coupler of FIG.

図6の光回転結合器は、LED7の近傍に出射光の指向性を制御する後述する図7(a))の光束制御板20を備え、これにより、LED7の出射光の照度が均一になるようにしている。   The optical rotary coupler in FIG. 6 includes a light beam control plate 20 in FIG. 7A that controls the directivity of outgoing light in the vicinity of the LED 7, thereby making the illuminance of the outgoing light from the LED 7 uniform. I am doing so.

図7(a)は、図6における光束制御板20の断面図である。   FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view of the light flux controlling plate 20 in FIG.

図7(a)の光束制御板20は、拡散シート21と、拡散シート21上に形成されたプリズムシート22とから成る。拡散シート21は、LED7からの出射光を一旦拡散し、プリズムシート22はその拡散光を特定の角度範囲の光に集光する。   The light beam control plate 20 in FIG. 7A includes a diffusion sheet 21 and a prism sheet 22 formed on the diffusion sheet 21. The diffusion sheet 21 once diffuses the emitted light from the LED 7, and the prism sheet 22 condenses the diffused light into light in a specific angle range.

図7(b)は、フォトダイオード8が配置された固定側プリント基板6の面の照度分布を示す図であり、横軸が位置、縦軸が照度を表す。   FIG. 7B is a diagram showing the illuminance distribution on the surface of the fixed printed circuit board 6 on which the photodiodes 8 are arranged. The horizontal axis represents the position, and the vertical axis represents the illuminance.

図6(b)において、光束制御板20がない場合は、照度は照度分布23となり中心部が強く、照度にむらが生じ易い。光束制御板20がある場合は、照度分布24のように均一になり、照度むらや回転軸の回転によるノイズ成分が低減して、信号のS/Nが向上する。   In FIG. 6B, when the light flux control plate 20 is not provided, the illuminance becomes the illuminance distribution 23, the central part is strong, and the illuminance is likely to be uneven. When the light flux control plate 20 is provided, it becomes uniform as in the illuminance distribution 24, noise components due to illuminance unevenness and rotation of the rotating shaft are reduced, and signal S / N is improved.

光束制御板20に使用するプリズムシートの形状は屋根型、ピラミッド状、マイクロレンズ状でもよく、適切な照度分布が得られるように設計される。また、プリズムシート22は積層された複数枚のシートから成ってもよい。   The shape of the prism sheet used for the light flux control plate 20 may be a roof shape, a pyramid shape, or a microlens shape, and is designed so as to obtain an appropriate illuminance distribution. The prism sheet 22 may be composed of a plurality of stacked sheets.

図8は、図2の光回転結合器の第3の変形例の断面図である。   FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a third modification of the optical rotary coupler of FIG.

図8の光回転結合器は、回転軸2に固定された回転側プリント基板5に、波長が同一の2つのLED7を備えている。各LED7の一方には、右旋回円偏光フィルタ30が、他方には左旋回円偏光フィルタ31が設けられている(図9(a))。   The optical rotary coupler of FIG. 8 includes two LEDs 7 having the same wavelength on a rotating side printed circuit board 5 fixed to the rotating shaft 2. One of the LEDs 7 is provided with a right-turn circular polarization filter 30 and the other with a left-turn circular polarization filter 31 (FIG. 9A).

円偏光フィルター30,31は偏光板に1/4波長位相差板を所定の角度で重ね合わせたもので、偏光板と1/4波長位相差板のなす角度により右旋回と左旋回の円偏光を生成する。これにより、偏光板により生成された直線偏光を円偏光に変換する。同じ旋回方向をもつ円偏光フィルタを対向させれば、光は透過し、異なる旋回方向を持つ円偏光フィルタを対向させれば、光は遮断される。円偏光にすれば、回転軸が回転して円偏光フィルターが回転しても、偏光の旋回方向は変わらず、同じ旋回方向の円偏光フィルターで光を分離することができる。   The circularly polarizing filters 30 and 31 are obtained by superimposing a quarter-wave retardation plate on a polarizing plate at a predetermined angle. A right-turning circle and a left-turning circle are formed according to an angle formed by the polarizing plate and the quarter-wave retardation plate. Generate polarized light. Thereby, the linearly polarized light generated by the polarizing plate is converted into circularly polarized light. If circularly polarizing filters having the same turning direction are made to face each other, light is transmitted. If circularly polarizing filters having different turning directions are made to face each other, light is blocked. If circularly polarized light is used, even if the rotation axis rotates and the circularly polarizing filter rotates, the rotation direction of the polarized light does not change, and light can be separated by the circularly polarizing filter having the same rotation direction.

固定側プリント基板6のフォトダイオード8の、一方には、右旋回円偏光フィルタ32が、他方には、左旋回円偏光フィルタ33が設けられ、これにより、右旋回円偏光と左旋回円偏光の光信号を分離して検出する(図9(b))。   One of the photodiodes 8 of the fixed-side printed circuit board 6 is provided with a right-handed circularly polarizing filter 32 and the other with a left-handed circularly polarizing filter 33, whereby a right-handed circularly polarized light and a left-handed circular circle are provided. The polarized optical signal is separated and detected (FIG. 9B).

このように円偏光フィルタ30,31を用いることで、2つのフォトダイオード8に入る光信号を分離し、互いのフォトダイオードに混入するクロストーク成分が低く抑えることができ、S/Nのよい信号伝達が可能になる。   By using the circularly polarizing filters 30 and 31 in this way, the optical signals entering the two photodiodes 8 can be separated, the crosstalk component mixed into each other's photodiodes can be kept low, and the signal with good S / N. Communication is possible.

図10は、図2の光回転結合器の第4の変形例の断面図であり、プリント基板の部分のみを示す。   FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a fourth modification of the optical rotary coupler of FIG. 2, and shows only the printed circuit board portion.

図10の光結合器において、回転側プリント基板5には同一の波長のLED7が2つのみが示されており、第3の変形例に示した円偏光フィルタ30,31が設けられている。固定側プリント基板6には、フォトダイオード8が2つのみ示されており、各LED7の波長に対応したカラーフィルタ9と、その上に夫々右旋回円偏光フィルタ32と左旋回円偏光フィルタ33が設けられている。このような構成より、光信号の波長と円偏光旋回方向により光信号は分離して検出される。   In the optical coupler of FIG. 10, only two LEDs 7 having the same wavelength are shown on the rotation side printed board 5, and the circular polarization filters 30 and 31 shown in the third modification are provided. Only two photodiodes 8 are shown on the fixed side printed circuit board 6, a color filter 9 corresponding to the wavelength of each LED 7, and a right-handed circularly polarizing filter 32 and a left-handed circularly polarizing filter 33, respectively. Is provided. With such a configuration, the optical signal is detected separately according to the wavelength of the optical signal and the circular polarization rotation direction.

上記第4の変形例において、回転側プリント基板5の上にR,G,Bの波長のLEDを夫々2つずつ設け、全部で6つのLEDを設けてもよい(図11(a))。各波長のLEDには、夫々右旋回円偏光フィルタ30と左旋回円偏光フィルタ31が設けてある。   In the fourth modified example, two LEDs each having R, G, and B wavelengths may be provided on the rotation-side printed circuit board 5, and a total of six LEDs may be provided (FIG. 11A). The LED of each wavelength is provided with a right-turn circular polarization filter 30 and a left-turn circular polarization filter 31 respectively.

また、固定側プリント基板6に、LEDに対応し、各波長に対応した同一のカラーフィルタ9を付けた2つのフォトダイオードに夫々右旋回円偏光フィルタ32と左旋回円偏光フィルタ33を設けたものをRGBの波長ごとに3組設けることにより、6チャンネルの信号伝達が可能になる。   In addition, a right-turning circularly polarizing filter 32 and a left-turning circularly polarizing filter 33 are provided on two photodiodes each provided with the same color filter 9 corresponding to each wavelength on the fixed side printed circuit board 6 corresponding to each LED. By providing three sets for each RGB wavelength, 6-channel signal transmission is possible.

このように、波長と円偏光の旋回方向を組み合わせることで、S/Nが良好な多チャンネルの光信号伝達が可能になる。   In this way, by combining the wavelength and the turning direction of the circularly polarized light, it is possible to transmit a multi-channel optical signal with a good S / N.

本発明の実施の形態に係る撮像装置の構成を概略的に示す図である。1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of an imaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図1の撮像装置における光回転結合器の好ましい例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the preferable example of the optical rotation coupler in the imaging device of FIG. 図2の光回転結合器のプリント基板上の素子配置を説明する図であり、(a)は、プリント基板が回転側プリント基板の場合を示し、(b)はプリント基板が固定側プリント基板の場合を示す。It is a figure explaining the element arrangement | positioning on the printed circuit board of the optical rotation coupler of FIG. 2, (a) shows the case where a printed circuit board is a rotation side printed circuit board, (b) is a printed circuit board is a fixed side printed circuit board. Show the case. 図2の光回転結合器の第1の変形例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the 1st modification of the optical rotation coupler of FIG. 図4の光回転結合器のプリント基板上の素子配置を説明する図であり、(a)は、プリント基板が回転側プリント基板の場合を示し、(b)はプリント基板が固定側プリント基板の場合を示す。5A and 5B are diagrams for explaining an element arrangement on the printed circuit board of the optical rotary coupler of FIG. 4, in which FIG. 5A shows a case where the printed circuit board is a rotating side printed circuit board, and FIG. Show the case. 図2の光回転結合器の第2の変形例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the 2nd modification of the optical rotation coupler of FIG. (a)は、図6における光束制御版の断面図であり、(b)は、フォトダイオードが配置された固定側プリント基板の面の照度分布を示す図である。(A) is sectional drawing of the light beam control version in FIG. 6, (b) is a figure which shows the illumination intensity distribution of the surface of the fixed side printed circuit board in which the photodiode is arrange | positioned. 図2の光回転結合器の第3の変形例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the 3rd modification of the optical rotation coupler of FIG. 図8の光回転結合器のプリント基板上の素子配置を説明する図であり、(a)は、プリント基板が回転側プリント基板の場合を示し、(b)はプリント基板が固定側プリント基板の場合を示す。It is a figure explaining the element arrangement | positioning on the printed circuit board of the optical rotation coupler of FIG. 8, (a) shows the case where a printed circuit board is a rotation side printed circuit board, (b) shows that a printed circuit board is a fixed side printed circuit board. Show the case. 図2の光回転結合器の第4の変形例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the 4th modification of the optical rotation coupler of FIG. 図10の光回転結合器のプリント基板上の素子配置の変形例を説明する図であり、(a)は、プリント基板が回転側プリント基板の場合を示し、(b)はプリント基板が固定側プリント基板の場合を示す。It is a figure explaining the modification of the element arrangement | positioning on the printed circuit board of the optical rotation coupler of FIG. 10, (a) shows the case where a printed circuit board is a rotation side printed circuit board, (b) is a printed circuit board fixed side. The case of a printed circuit board is shown. 第1の従来技術の構成を概略的に示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows roughly the structure of a 1st prior art. 第2の従来技術の構成を概略的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows schematically the structure of a 2nd prior art.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

2 回転軸
3 固定部
5 回転側プリント基板
6 固定側プリント基板
7 LED
8 フォトダイオード
9 カラーフィルタ
20 光束制御板
21 拡散シート
22 プリズムシート
30,32 右旋回円偏光フィルタ
31,33 左旋回円偏光フィルタ
41 固定台
42 パン回転台
43 撮像カメラ
44 チルト支持部
45 チルト用モータ
48 パン用モータ
51 光回転結合器
52 スリップリング
2 Rotating shaft 3 Fixed part 5 Rotating side printed circuit board 6 Fixed side printed circuit board 7 LED
8 Photodiode 9 Color filter 20 Luminous flux control plate
21 Diffusion sheet 22 Prism sheets 30, 32 Right-turn circular polarization filter 31, 33 Left-turn circular polarization filter 41 Fixed base 42 Pan turntable 43 Imaging camera 44 Tilt support section 45 Tilt motor 48 Pan motor 51 Optical rotary coupler 52 slip ring

Claims (7)

カメラと、前記カメラを保持する回転部と、前記回転部を回転自在に支持する固定部と、前記回転部と前記固定部の間に配された光回転結合器とからなる撮像装置において、
前記光回転結合器は、前記回転部に配され、発光素子及び受光素子の少なくとも一方から成る複数の第1の光学素子と、前記固定部に配され、前記複数の第1の光学素子と夫々対応すると共に相補的な複数の第2の光学素子とから成り、前記複数の発光素子は、発光する波長が互いに異なると共に、前記複数の受光素子は、夫々、前記複数の発光素子が発光する光の波長を選択的に透過するカラーフィルタを備えることを特徴とする撮像装置。
In an imaging apparatus comprising a camera, a rotating unit that holds the camera, a fixed unit that rotatably supports the rotating unit, and an optical rotary coupler disposed between the rotating unit and the fixed unit,
The optical rotation coupler is disposed in the rotating unit, and includes a plurality of first optical elements including at least one of a light emitting element and a light receiving element, and the fixed unit, and the plurality of first optical elements, respectively. A plurality of second optical elements corresponding to and complementary to each other, wherein the plurality of light emitting elements have different wavelengths to emit light, and the plurality of light receiving elements respectively emit light emitted from the plurality of light emitting elements. An image pickup apparatus comprising a color filter that selectively transmits the wavelength of the light.
前記第1の光学素子は、前記発光素子から成ることを特徴とする請求項1記載の撮像装置。   The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first optical element includes the light emitting element. 前記第1の光学素子は、前記受光素子から成ることを特徴とする請求項1記載の撮像装置。   The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first optical element includes the light receiving element. 前記第1の光学素子は、前記発光素子及び前記受光素子の双方を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の撮像装置。   The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first optical element includes both the light emitting element and the light receiving element. 前記複数の発光素子は、円偏光の旋回方向が互いに異なる円偏光フィルタを備え、前記カラーフィルタを備える複数の受光素子は、当該受光素子に対応する発光素子の円偏光フィルタと同じ旋回方向の円偏光フィルタを備えることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の撮像装置。   The plurality of light emitting elements include circular polarization filters having different circular polarization rotation directions, and the plurality of light receiving elements including the color filter have the same rotation direction circle as the circular polarization filter of the light emitting element corresponding to the light reception element. The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a polarizing filter. カメラと、前記カメラを保持する回転部と、前記回転部を回転自在に支持する固定部と、前記回転部と前記固定部の間に配された光回転結合器とからなる撮像装置において、
前記光回転結合器は、前記回転部に配され、発光素子及び受光素子の少なくとも一方から成る複数の第1の光学素子と、前記固定部に配され、前記複数の光学素子と夫々対応すると共に相補的な複数の第2の光学素子とから成り、前記複数の発光素子は、円偏光の旋回方向が互いに異なる円偏光フィルタを備え、前記複数の受光素子は、当該受光素子に対応する発光素子の円偏光フィルタと同じ旋回方向の円偏光フィルタを備えることを特徴とする撮像装置。
In an imaging apparatus comprising a camera, a rotating unit that holds the camera, a fixed unit that rotatably supports the rotating unit, and an optical rotary coupler disposed between the rotating unit and the fixed unit,
The optical rotation coupler is disposed in the rotating unit, and is disposed in the plurality of first optical elements including at least one of a light emitting element and a light receiving element, and is disposed in the fixing unit, and corresponds to each of the plurality of optical elements. Comprising a plurality of complementary second optical elements, the plurality of light emitting elements include circular polarization filters having different circularly polarized light turning directions, and the plurality of light receiving elements correspond to the light receiving elements. An imaging apparatus comprising: a circular polarizing filter having the same turning direction as that of the circular polarizing filter.
前記第1及び第2の光学素子の発光素子に拡散シートまたはプリズムシートからなる光束制御板を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の撮像装置。   The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a light beam control plate made of a diffusion sheet or a prism sheet is provided on the light emitting elements of the first and second optical elements.
JP2005136369A 2005-05-09 2005-05-09 Image pickup apparatus Pending JP2006314044A (en)

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JP2009105710A (en) * 2007-10-24 2009-05-14 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Imaging apparatus
CN110905567A (en) * 2019-11-30 2020-03-24 中国矿业大学 Mining tray capable of prejudging magnitude of anchoring force based on surface deformation and monitoring method

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