JP2006311746A - Drive device and its drive method - Google Patents

Drive device and its drive method Download PDF

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JP2006311746A
JP2006311746A JP2005133272A JP2005133272A JP2006311746A JP 2006311746 A JP2006311746 A JP 2006311746A JP 2005133272 A JP2005133272 A JP 2005133272A JP 2005133272 A JP2005133272 A JP 2005133272A JP 2006311746 A JP2006311746 A JP 2006311746A
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drive
piezoelectric element
protrusion
piezoelectric
electrodes
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JP4616693B2 (en
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Yutaka Toshida
豊 土信田
Hiroshi Kishi
弘志 岸
Yoshiro Tomikawa
義朗 富川
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Taiyo Yuden Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drive device that is compact and light in weight and that can achieve stable displacement and positioning or that can control rotating direction freely, and to provide its drive method. <P>SOLUTION: The drive device 10 is arranged along the direction of optical axis of a lens 36 supported by mirror cylinders 34, and one side of its longer-side edges is supported by the inner surface 42 of a passage via springs 44. The drive device 10 is of a unimorph structure in which a piezoelectric element 16 is provided on one main surface of a vibrating plate 12. A projection 14 is provided on the divided line of drive electrodes 22A, 22B on the side of the vibrating plate 12. While making the projection 14 contact the mirror cylinder 34, a drive voltage is supplied to either one of the drive electrodes 22A, 22B to prevent vibration. When an impedance element 46 is connected to the other drive electrode, the mirror cylinder 34 is displaced stably in a constant direction by the projection 14 that is driven asymmetrically. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、電気機械変換素子を用いて被駆動体ないし被変位体を駆動するための駆動装置(アクチュエータ)及びその駆動方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a driving device (actuator) for driving a driven body or a displaced body using an electromechanical conversion element, and a driving method thereof.

従来、カメラの撮影レンズやオーバーヘッドプロジェクタなどの投影レンズ,双眼鏡のレンズ,複写機のレンズなど、光学装置におけるレンズの駆動のほか、プロッタやX−Y駆動テーブルのような装置など、駆動部を有する装置一般の駆動技術としては、以下の特許文献1〜4などがある。   Conventionally, in addition to driving lenses in optical devices such as projection lenses such as camera photographing lenses and overhead projectors, binocular lenses, and copier lenses, there are drive units such as devices such as plotters and XY drive tables. As a general driving technique of the apparatus, there are the following Patent Documents 1 to 4 and the like.

まず、特許文献1について、図17の概略図を用いて説明する。図17の圧電アクチュエータ300において、310は突起部,322Bは支持部,322Cは固定部である。また、321は圧電素子で、321Aは中央電極,321B及び321Cは対称電極である。圧電素子321は、中央電極321Aにより、長手方向に伸縮(縦振動)し、対称電極321Bあるいは321Cにより屈曲振動させ、2つの振動の組み合わせにより、突起部310に楕円運動を生じさせて駆動力として取り出している。楕円運動の回転方向は、対称電極321Bと321Cで反転し、屈曲振動を励振する対称電極321B,321Cを選択することで制御される。   First, Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to the schematic diagram of FIG. In the piezoelectric actuator 300 of FIG. 17, 310 is a protrusion, 322B is a support, and 322C is a fixed part. 321 is a piezoelectric element, 321A is a central electrode, and 321B and 321C are symmetrical electrodes. The piezoelectric element 321 expands and contracts (longitudinal vibration) in the longitudinal direction by the central electrode 321A, flexurally vibrates by the symmetrical electrode 321B or 321C, and generates elliptical motion in the protrusion 310 by a combination of the two vibrations as a driving force. I'm taking it out. The rotational direction of the elliptical motion is controlled by selecting the symmetrical electrodes 321B and 321C that are reversed by the symmetrical electrodes 321B and 321C and excite bending vibration.

特許文献2は、図18のような構成となっており、長縁部440及び442,短縁部428及び443を有する矩形の圧電体410の主面上には、電極414,416,418,420が形成されている。前記電極414と420は経路422で電気的につながっており、電極416と418が、経路424で電気的につながっている。前記圧電体410は、固定支持体432,434及びばね負荷式支持体436,438で動きが制限され、短縁部443の中央に付与されたバネ負荷式支持体444により、短縁部428の中央に取り付けられたセラミックスペーサ426を介して、被可動物体430に押し付けられている。x方向の共振周波数とy方向の共振周波数が重なり合うことが望ましく、短縁部の高次モードの共振と長縁部の低次モードの共振の間隔が狭くなるように、長縁部の長さと短縁部の長さが制限される。このような機構では、短縁部と長縁部が共振する周波数の単極非対称のパルス電圧や交番電圧を、対向する電極416と418,あるいは、電極414と420に印加することで、図18中の−xあるいはx方向に圧電体410を変形させ、被可動物体430を−xあるいはx方向に駆動する。また、特許文献4においても、平板上の圧電素子の片面に4分割の電極を配置し、端部に被駆動体を接触させて振動による駆動力を与える技術が開示されている。   Patent Document 2 has a configuration as shown in FIG. 18. On the main surface of a rectangular piezoelectric body 410 having long edges 440 and 442 and short edges 428 and 443, electrodes 414, 416, 418, 420 is formed. The electrodes 414 and 420 are electrically connected by a path 422, and the electrodes 416 and 418 are electrically connected by a path 424. The movement of the piezoelectric body 410 is restricted by the fixed supports 432 and 434 and the spring loaded supports 436 and 438, and the spring loaded support 444 provided at the center of the short edge 443 is used to It is pressed against the movable object 430 through a ceramic spacer 426 attached at the center. It is desirable that the resonance frequency in the x direction and the resonance frequency in the y direction overlap. The length of the short edge is limited. In such a mechanism, a unipolar asymmetric pulse voltage or alternating voltage having a frequency at which the short edge portion and the long edge portion resonate is applied to the opposing electrodes 416 and 418 or the electrodes 414 and 420, so that FIG. The piezoelectric body 410 is deformed in the −x or x direction, and the movable object 430 is driven in the −x or x direction. Also, Patent Document 4 discloses a technique in which a four-divided electrode is arranged on one surface of a piezoelectric element on a flat plate and a driven body is brought into contact with an end portion to apply a driving force by vibration.

更に、特許文献3の技術では、図19に示す通り、圧電素子を積層した振動板510の長手方向の一端部535には、ロータ500に当接させられる突起部536が設けられている。前記振動板510は、その長手方向に伸びる辺部510a,510bにおいて、第1の支持部材511a及び第2の支持部材511bによって振動可能に支持されている。ここで、前記第1の支持部材511aの幅と、前記第2の支持部材511bの幅が異なっており、そのために支持構造がアンバランスになっている。このような構成のもとで、圧電素子の長手方向の縦振動と直交する屈曲振動の2つの振動を組み合わせることで、突起部536を楕円運動させて、ロータ500を図に矢印で示す方向に回転させる。当該技術では、構成をアンバランスにすることで、突起部536の振動を拡大して大きな回転運動を引き出している。
特開2004−254417公報 特開平7−184382号公報 特開2001−327180公報 特開2002−233174公報
Furthermore, in the technique of Patent Document 3, as shown in FIG. 19, a projection 536 that is brought into contact with the rotor 500 is provided at one end 535 in the longitudinal direction of the vibration plate 510 on which piezoelectric elements are stacked. The vibration plate 510 is supported by the first support member 511a and the second support member 511b so as to vibrate at sides 510a and 510b extending in the longitudinal direction. Here, the width of the first support member 511a is different from the width of the second support member 511b, and therefore the support structure is unbalanced. Under such a configuration, by combining two vibrations of bending vibration orthogonal to the longitudinal vibration in the longitudinal direction of the piezoelectric element, the protrusion 536 is moved elliptically, and the rotor 500 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure. Rotate. In this technique, the configuration is unbalanced, so that the vibration of the protrusion 536 is expanded to extract a large rotational motion.
JP 2004-254417 A JP 7-184382 A JP 2001-327180 A JP 2002-233174 A

ところで、近年では、携帯電話のデジタルカメラ用のレンズモジュールは、光学素子の高画素化,ズーム,オートフォーカス,手ぶれ防止などの高機能化を低コストで達成することが求められてきている。しかしながら、以上のような背景技術には、次のような不都合がある。まず、特許文献1に記載の技術では、縦振動と屈曲振動の共振がずれると駆動しないため、素子寸法や入力信号を高精度で制御することが必要となり、小型化しにくく、コストがかかるという不都合がある。また、特許文献2の技術では、長縁部方向と短縁部方向の振動の重なりが悪いと駆動力が下がるため、素子の精度が要求される。また、素子の構造が複雑で、かつ、駆動回路の制御も要求されるため、小型化が困難であるとともにコストもかかってしまう。特許文献4の技術についても同様である。更に、特許文献3の技術では、2つの縦振動と屈曲振動の組み合わせが必要であるとともに、回転方向が右回転で固定されるため、回転方向を自由に変えられないという不都合がある。   Incidentally, in recent years, lens modules for digital cameras of mobile phones have been required to achieve high functionality such as high pixel density, zoom, autofocus, and camera shake prevention at low cost. However, the background art as described above has the following disadvantages. First, since the technique described in Patent Document 1 does not drive if the resonance between longitudinal vibration and bending vibration shifts, it is necessary to control element dimensions and input signals with high accuracy, making it difficult to reduce the size and cost. There is. Further, in the technique of Patent Document 2, since the driving force is reduced when the vibrations in the long edge direction and the short edge direction are poorly overlapped, the accuracy of the element is required. In addition, since the structure of the element is complicated and the control of the drive circuit is required, it is difficult to reduce the size and cost. The same applies to the technique of Patent Document 4. Furthermore, the technique of Patent Document 3 requires a combination of two longitudinal vibrations and bending vibrations, and has a disadvantage that the rotation direction cannot be freely changed because the rotation direction is fixed by right rotation.

本発明は、以上の点に着目したもので、その目的は、小型かつ軽量で、安定した変位及び位置決め,あるいは、回転方向の自在な制御が可能な駆動装置及びその駆動方法を提供することである。   The present invention pays attention to the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a driving device and a driving method thereof that are small and lightweight and capable of stable displacement and positioning or freely controlling the rotation direction. is there.

前記目的を達成するため、本発明の駆動装置の駆動方法は、圧電層の主面を複数に分割したそれぞれの領域に、前記圧電層を挟んで対向する一対の駆動電極を設けた圧電素子と、前記圧電層を複数領域に分割するライン上に設けられており、被駆動体と接触する突起と、前記圧電素子が主面に貼り合わせられる振動板と、を備えた駆動装置の駆動電極のうち、一方の分割領域の駆動電極間に駆動信号を入力するとともに、他方の分割領域の駆動電極間にインピーダンス素子を接続したことを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, a driving method of a driving device according to the present invention includes a piezoelectric element provided with a pair of driving electrodes facing each other with the piezoelectric layer interposed in each region obtained by dividing the main surface of the piezoelectric layer into a plurality of regions. A driving electrode of a driving device provided on a line that divides the piezoelectric layer into a plurality of regions, and includes a protrusion that comes into contact with a driven body, and a diaphragm on which the piezoelectric element is bonded to a main surface. Among them, a drive signal is input between the drive electrodes of one divided region, and an impedance element is connected between the drive electrodes of the other divided region.

本発明の駆動装置は、圧電層の主面を複数に分割したそれぞれの領域に、前記圧電層を挟んで対向する一対の駆動電極を備えた圧電素子,前記圧電層を複数領域に分割するライン上に設けられており、被駆動体と接触する突起,前記圧電素子が主面に貼り合わせられる振動板,を備えるとともに、前記駆動電極のうち、一方の分割領域の駆動電極間に駆動信号を入力するとともに、他方の分割領域の駆動電極間にインピーダンス素子が接続されたことを特徴とする。主要な形態の一つは、前記突起を、前記被駆動体に対して付勢配置したことを特徴とする。本発明の前記及び他の目的,特徴,利点は、以下の詳細な説明及び添付図面から明瞭になろう。   The drive device of the present invention includes a piezoelectric element having a pair of drive electrodes opposed to each other with the piezoelectric layer sandwiched in each region obtained by dividing the main surface of the piezoelectric layer into a plurality of lines, and a line dividing the piezoelectric layer into a plurality of regions. Provided with a protrusion that contacts the driven body and a diaphragm on which the piezoelectric element is bonded to the main surface, and a drive signal is transmitted between the drive electrodes of one of the divided regions of the drive electrodes. In addition to the input, an impedance element is connected between the drive electrodes in the other divided region. One of the main forms is characterized in that the protrusions are urged to the driven body. The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

本発明は、圧電層の主面を複数に分割したそれぞれの領域に、前記圧電層を挟んで対向する一対の駆動電極を設け、前記圧電層を複数領域に分割するライン上に被駆動体と接触する突起を設ける。そして、一方の分割領域の駆動電極間に駆動信号を入力して圧電素子の片側を非対称振動で励振し、他方の分割領域の駆動電極間にインピーダンス素子を接続することにより、振幅が非対称となり、単一方向への安定した駆動力を得ることができる。駆動方向の反転も可能である。また、1つの振動しか利用しないため、周波数制御も容易であるとともに、寸法が制限されることがなく、駆動装置の小型化,軽量化,薄型化を図ることができる。   According to the present invention, a pair of drive electrodes facing each other with the piezoelectric layer interposed therebetween is provided in each region obtained by dividing the main surface of the piezoelectric layer into a plurality, and a driven body and a driven body are arranged on a line dividing the piezoelectric layer into a plurality of regions Protrusions to contact are provided. And by inputting a drive signal between the drive electrodes of one divided region, exciting one side of the piezoelectric element with asymmetric vibration, and connecting the impedance element between the drive electrodes of the other divided region, the amplitude becomes asymmetric, A stable driving force in a single direction can be obtained. The driving direction can be reversed. Further, since only one vibration is used, the frequency control is easy and the dimensions are not limited, and the drive device can be reduced in size, weight, and thickness.

以下、本発明を実施するための最良の形態を、実施例に基づいて詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail based on examples.

最初に、図1〜図6を参照しながら本発明の実施例1を説明する。本実施例は、本発明を光学装置のフォーカス用レンズ駆動装置(アクチュエータ)として使用した例である。図1(A)は、本実施例の全体をレンズの光軸方向から見た平面図,図1(B)は主要部を示す斜視図である。図2は、前記図1(A)を#A−#A線に沿って切断した断面図であり、(A)は鏡筒が上昇した状態,(B)は駆動しない状態,(C)は下降した状態を示す図である。図3は、本実施例の鏡筒の変位速度と駆動電圧の関係を示す図である。   First, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The present embodiment is an example in which the present invention is used as a focusing lens driving device (actuator) for an optical device. FIG. 1A is a plan view of the entirety of the present embodiment viewed from the optical axis direction of the lens, and FIG. 1B is a perspective view showing the main part. 2A and 2B are cross-sectional views taken along line # A- # A in FIG. 1A. FIG. 2A shows a state where the lens barrel is raised, FIG. 2B shows a state where it is not driven, and FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which descended. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the displacement speed of the lens barrel of this embodiment and the drive voltage.

本実施例の駆動装置10は、被変位物である鏡筒34を、通路30内でレンズ36の光軸方向(図2の上下方向)に移動ないし変位させるためのものである。前記駆動装置10は、図2に示すように、光軸方向に沿って配置されるとともに、長辺側縁部の一方が、通路の内面42にバネ44を介して支持されている。なお、本実施例では説明を容易にするため、鏡筒34を通路30内で上下に変位させることとして説明しているが、変位方向は任意である。前記鏡筒34は、適宜位置でレンズ36を支持しており、その外周面には、略円筒状のガイド38が設けられている。該ガイド38には、適宜間隔で光軸方向に沿って複数のスリット(ないし溝)40が形成されている。   The drive device 10 of this embodiment is for moving or displacing a lens barrel 34 that is an object to be displaced in the optical axis direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2) of the lens 36 in the passage 30. As shown in FIG. 2, the driving device 10 is disposed along the optical axis direction, and one of the long side edges is supported on the inner surface 42 of the passage via a spring 44. In the present embodiment, for ease of explanation, the barrel 34 is described as being displaced up and down in the passage 30, but the displacement direction is arbitrary. The lens barrel 34 supports a lens 36 at an appropriate position, and a substantially cylindrical guide 38 is provided on the outer peripheral surface thereof. A plurality of slits (or grooves) 40 are formed in the guide 38 along the optical axis direction at appropriate intervals.

図示の例では、前記スリット40が4箇所設けられており、その内の対向する一対のスリット40には、前記鏡筒34の外周から径方向に突出した凸部34A,34Bが係合している。そして、鏡筒34が変位する際に、前記凸部34A,34Bがスリット40内を移動することで、光軸方向への鏡筒34の変位がガイドされるとともに回転が抑制される。更に、残りのスリット40のうちの1つを介して、駆動装置10の突起部14が、前記鏡筒34に当接している。なお、前記突起部14は、通路30の内面42から光軸と略直交する方向に通路30の中心に向けて延出したバネ44によって、鏡筒34に対して付勢されている。   In the illustrated example, four slits 40 are provided, and convex portions 34A and 34B projecting radially from the outer periphery of the lens barrel 34 are engaged with a pair of opposed slits 40 therein. Yes. When the lens barrel 34 is displaced, the convex portions 34A and 34B move in the slit 40, so that the displacement of the lens barrel 34 in the optical axis direction is guided and the rotation is suppressed. Further, the protrusion 14 of the driving device 10 is in contact with the lens barrel 34 through one of the remaining slits 40. The protrusion 14 is urged against the lens barrel 34 by a spring 44 that extends from the inner surface 42 of the passage 30 toward the center of the passage 30 in a direction substantially orthogonal to the optical axis.

前記駆動装置10は、略長方形の振動板12の一方の主面に圧電素子16を貼り合わせたユニモルフ構造となっている。前記圧電素子16は、圧電体18の一方の主面に駆動電極20を、他方の主面に駆動電極22A,22Bを備えている。前記振動板12に貼り合わせる側の駆動電極20は分割されておらず、他方の主面に設けられる駆動電極22A,22Bは、これらの分割ライン24に対して対称で、かつ、導通しないように形成されている。前記駆動電極20と振動板12は同電位となっており、図2(B)に示すように、駆動電源28及びインピーダンス素子46に接続されている。また、他方の分割電極22A及び22Bは、いずれか一方が前記駆動電源28又はインピーダンス素子46に接続されており、スイッチ48A,48Bの切り替えにより、駆動信号の入力により励振される側と、インピーダンス素子46に接続する側の切り替えが可能となっている。すなわち、前記駆動装置10は、前記分割ライン24の両側で圧電素子16が独立に励振できるように構成されている。   The driving device 10 has a unimorph structure in which a piezoelectric element 16 is bonded to one main surface of a substantially rectangular diaphragm 12. The piezoelectric element 16 includes a drive electrode 20 on one main surface of the piezoelectric body 18 and drive electrodes 22A and 22B on the other main surface. The drive electrode 20 on the side to be bonded to the diaphragm 12 is not divided, and the drive electrodes 22A and 22B provided on the other main surface are symmetrical with respect to these division lines 24 and do not conduct. Is formed. The drive electrode 20 and the diaphragm 12 are at the same potential, and are connected to a drive power supply 28 and an impedance element 46 as shown in FIG. One of the other divided electrodes 22A and 22B is connected to the drive power supply 28 or the impedance element 46, and the side excited by the input of the drive signal by switching the switches 48A and 48B, and the impedance element The side connected to 46 can be switched. That is, the driving device 10 is configured such that the piezoelectric elements 16 can be excited independently on both sides of the dividing line 24.

前記振動板12としては、例えば、金属板などが利用され、圧電体18は、例えば、PZT、Bi系ペロブスカイト構造セラミックス、Bi層状構造化合物系セラミックス、Nb酸系セラミックスなどにより形成される。また、駆動電極20,22A,22Bは、例えば、AgやAg/Pd合金などにより形成されるが、これらに限定されるものではなく、各種の公知の材質によって形成可能である。また、前記振動板12の長辺側であって、前記バネ44が接続されていない側の側面には、前記駆動電極22Aと22Bの分割ライン上,すなわち、振動の節に相当する位置に、突起部14が形成されている。該突起部14は、例えば、前記振動板12と同一材料で形成されている。このような構成の駆動装置10は、通路内面42から突出したバネ44によって、前記突起部14が鏡筒34に接触するように付勢されている。   As the diaphragm 12, for example, a metal plate is used, and the piezoelectric body 18 is formed of, for example, PZT, Bi-based perovskite structure ceramics, Bi layered structure compound-based ceramics, Nb acid-based ceramics, or the like. The drive electrodes 20, 22A, and 22B are made of, for example, Ag or Ag / Pd alloy, but are not limited thereto, and can be made of various known materials. Further, on the side of the long side of the diaphragm 12 where the spring 44 is not connected, on the dividing line of the drive electrodes 22A and 22B, that is, at a position corresponding to a vibration node, A protruding portion 14 is formed. The protrusion 14 is made of the same material as that of the diaphragm 12, for example. The drive device 10 having such a configuration is urged by the spring 44 protruding from the inner surface 42 of the passage so that the protrusion 14 contacts the lens barrel 34.

次に、図4〜図6も参照して、本実施例の作用を説明する。図4は、比較例の対称振動の作用を示す図であり、(A-1)〜(A-3)は平面図,(B)は前記(A-2)を#B−#B線に沿って切断した断面と回路を示す図,(C)は突起部の軌跡を示す図である。また、図5及び図6は、本実施例の非対称振動の作用を示す図であり、それぞれ(A-1)〜(A-3)は平面,(B)は前記(A-2)を#C−#C線,#D−#D線に沿って切断した断面と回路,(C)は突起部の軌跡を示している。なお、突起部14の軌跡を示す図では、横軸が図2の上下方向,すなわち光軸方向に相当する。   Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the operation of the symmetrical vibration of the comparative example, (A-1) to (A-3) are plan views, and (B) is the (A-2) line # B- # B. The figure which shows the cross section and circuit which were cut | disconnected along, (C) is a figure which shows the locus | trajectory of a projection part. FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrams showing the action of the asymmetric vibration of the present embodiment. (A-1) to (A-3) are planes, and (B) is the above (A-2). Sections and circuits cut along the lines C- # C and # D- # D, and (C) show the locus of the protrusion. In the figure showing the locus of the protrusion 14, the horizontal axis corresponds to the vertical direction in FIG. 2, that is, the optical axis direction.

まず、図4(B)に示すように、圧電素子16の左部分(駆動電極22A側)を駆動し、右部分(駆動電極22B側)にインピーダンス素子46をつながない場合について説明する。図4(A-1)及び(A-3)に示すように、圧電素子16の片側がのびている際に反対側が縮む面振動の2次のモードで振動させると、左右対称に振動し、図4(C)に示す通り、突起部14は、左右対称の振り子振動となり、単一方向の駆動力を得ることができない。   First, as shown in FIG. 4B, the case where the left portion (drive electrode 22A side) of the piezoelectric element 16 is driven and the impedance element 46 is not connected to the right portion (drive electrode 22B side) will be described. As shown in FIGS. 4A-1 and 4A-3, when the piezoelectric element 16 is vibrated in the secondary mode of surface vibration that contracts on the opposite side when one side is extended, the piezoelectric element 16 vibrates symmetrically. As shown in FIG. 4 (C), the protrusion 14 has a pendulum vibration that is symmetrical to the left and right, and cannot obtain a driving force in a single direction.

しかしながら、図5に示すように、圧電素子16の左側の部分(駆動電極22A側)を励振した場合に、右部分(駆動電極22B側)にインピーダンス素子46を接続する構成にすると、振動の中心が右側にずれるため、図5(C)に示すように、突起部14は、斜め右に上がり、斜め左に下がる振動を行う。この突起部14の先端14Aを、付勢手段(本実施例ではバネ44)によって被変位物(本実施例では鏡筒34)に押し付けると、突起部14が斜め右に上がる時に、被変位物を斜め右に押し上げる力が作用し、突起部14が斜め左に下がる時は、駆動装置10の励振の周波数に比べて付勢手段の部分の共振周波数は十分低いため、突起部14は、被変位物と干渉せずに変位する。   However, as shown in FIG. 5, when the left side portion (drive electrode 22A side) of the piezoelectric element 16 is excited, the impedance element 46 is connected to the right portion (drive electrode 22B side). Is shifted to the right side, and as shown in FIG. 5 (C), the protrusion 14 vibrates upward diagonally to the right and downward diagonally to the left. When the tip 14A of the protrusion 14 is pressed against the object to be displaced (the lens barrel 34 in this embodiment) by the urging means (in this embodiment, the spring 44), the object to be displaced is moved when the protrusion 14 rises diagonally to the right. When the projection 14 is moved diagonally to the left, the resonance frequency of the biasing means portion is sufficiently lower than the excitation frequency of the driving device 10, so that the projection 14 Displaces without interfering with the displacement.

逆に、図6に示す通り、圧電素子16の右部分(駆動電極22B側)を励振した場合に、左部分(駆動電極22A側)にインピーダンス素子46を接続する構成にしてあると、振動の中心が左側にずれるため、図6(C)に示す通り、突起部14は、斜め左に上がり、斜め右に下がる振動を行う。上述した通り、該突起部14の先端14Aを付勢手段によって被変位物に押し付けると、突起部14が斜め左に上がる時に、被変位物を斜め左に上げる力が作用し、突起部14が斜め右に下がる時は、上述した場合と同様に、突起部14は被変位物と干渉せずに変位する。   On the contrary, as shown in FIG. 6, when the right portion (drive electrode 22B side) of the piezoelectric element 16 is excited, the impedance element 46 is connected to the left portion (drive electrode 22A side). Since the center is shifted to the left side, as shown in FIG. 6C, the protrusion 14 vibrates upward diagonally to the left and downward diagonally to the right. As described above, when the tip 14A of the protrusion 14 is pressed against the object to be displaced by the urging means, when the protrusion 14 rises diagonally to the left, a force that raises the object to be displaced obliquely acts. When descending diagonally to the right, the projection 14 is displaced without interfering with the object to be displaced, as in the case described above.

上述した作用により、圧電素子16の左側の部分(駆動電極22A側)を励振した場合は、被変位物を右方向に変位させることができる。逆に、圧電素子16の右側部分(駆動電極22B側)を励振した場合には、被変位物を左方向に変位させることができる。   Due to the above-described action, when the left portion (drive electrode 22A side) of the piezoelectric element 16 is excited, the object to be displaced can be displaced in the right direction. On the contrary, when the right portion (the drive electrode 22B side) of the piezoelectric element 16 is excited, the object to be displaced can be displaced leftward.

前記図4〜図6を用いて説明した作用を、図1,図2に示すように配置された本実施例に適用すると、まず、図2(A)のように圧電素子16の下の部分(駆動電極22B側)を駆動し、圧電素子16の上の部分(駆動電極22A側)にインピーダンス素子46を接続すると、圧電素子16の上側の部分は、圧電効果による伸縮が妨げられる。すると、振動の中心が突起部14より上部に移動して、突起部14が右上に突き上げ、左下に付き下げる振動をする。左下に下がる際には、鏡筒34と干渉しないため、鏡筒34は、上に変位する。また、圧電素子16を駆動しないと、図2(B)に示すように、バネ44により突起部14が鏡筒34を抑えて位置を固定する。逆に、圧電素子16の上側(駆動電極22A側)を駆動し、下側(駆動電極22B側)にインピーダンス素子46を接続すると、下の圧電素子部分の伸縮が妨げられ、振動の中心が突起部14より下部に移動し、突起部14が右下に突き下げ、左上に突き上げる振動をする。左上に突き上げる際には、鏡筒34と干渉しないため、鏡筒34は下に変位する。本実施例の駆動装置10では、図3に示すように、入力電圧の幅Vp-pが5Vのときに、5mm/sの変位速度が得られた。   When the operation described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6 is applied to the present embodiment arranged as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, first, a lower portion of the piezoelectric element 16 as shown in FIG. When the (drive electrode 22B side) is driven and the impedance element 46 is connected to the upper part of the piezoelectric element 16 (drive electrode 22A side), the upper part of the piezoelectric element 16 is prevented from expanding and contracting due to the piezoelectric effect. Then, the center of vibration moves to the upper part from the protrusion 14, and the protrusion 14 pushes up to the upper right and vibrates downward and downward. When descending to the lower left, the lens barrel 34 is displaced upward because it does not interfere with the lens barrel 34. Further, when the piezoelectric element 16 is not driven, the projection 14 holds the lens barrel 34 by the spring 44 and fixes the position as shown in FIG. Conversely, when the upper side (drive electrode 22A side) of the piezoelectric element 16 is driven and the impedance element 46 is connected to the lower side (drive electrode 22B side), the expansion and contraction of the lower piezoelectric element portion is hindered, and the center of vibration protrudes. It moves to the lower part from the part 14, and the projection part 14 pushes down to the lower right and vibrates to push up to the upper left. When pushing up to the upper left, the lens barrel 34 is displaced downward because it does not interfere with the lens barrel 34. In the driving apparatus 10 of this example, as shown in FIG. 3, when the input voltage width Vp-p was 5 V, a displacement speed of 5 mm / s was obtained.

このように、実施例1によれば、次のような効果がある。
(1)圧電体18の主面を対称に分割した各領域に、該圧電体18を挟んで対向する一対の駆動電極を設けるとともに、圧電素子16の分割領域の一方を駆動信号の入力により励振し、他方の分割領域にインピーダンス素子46を接続する。そして、前記圧電体18を分割するライン上に設けた突起部14を鏡筒34に接触させることとしたので、単一方向への安定した駆動力を得ることができる。
(2)1つの振動しか利用しないため、周波数制御が容易である。また、寸法が制限されることがないため、駆動装置10の小型化,軽量化,薄型化を図ることができる。
(3)駆動信号の入力により励振させる側と、インピーダンス素子46を接続する側とを切り替え可能としたので、鏡筒34の変位方向を反転させることができる。
(4)バネ44により突起部14を鏡筒34に向けて付勢することとしたので、安定した駆動を得ることができる。
Thus, according to the first embodiment, there are the following effects.
(1) A pair of drive electrodes facing each other across the piezoelectric body 18 is provided in each area obtained by symmetrically dividing the main surface of the piezoelectric body 18, and one of the divided areas of the piezoelectric element 16 is excited by input of a drive signal. Then, the impedance element 46 is connected to the other divided region. And since the projection part 14 provided on the line which divides | segments the said piezoelectric material 18 was made to contact the lens-barrel 34, the stable driving force to a single direction can be obtained.
(2) Since only one vibration is used, frequency control is easy. Further, since the size is not limited, the drive device 10 can be reduced in size, weight, and thickness.
(3) Since the side to be excited by the input of the drive signal and the side to which the impedance element 46 is connected can be switched, the displacement direction of the lens barrel 34 can be reversed.
(4) Since the protrusion 14 is biased toward the lens barrel 34 by the spring 44, stable driving can be obtained.

<実施例1の変形例>・・・次に、図7及び図8を参照して、本実施例の変形例を説明する。図7は、本変形例を光軸方向から見た平面図である。図8は、前記図7を#F−#F線に沿って切断した断面図であり、(A)は鏡筒を上昇させた状態,(B)は駆動させない状態,(C)は下降させた状態を示している。前記図1〜図6に示した例は、鏡筒34の一箇所にのみ駆動装置10の突起部14を接触させたものであるが、図7及び図8に示す例は、駆動装置10を、鏡筒34を挟んで対向する位置に一つずつ設けたものである。このように、鏡筒34の両側に駆動装置10を設けることで、上述した構成の場合の約2倍の変位速度が得られる。   <Modification of First Embodiment> Next, a modification of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the present modification viewed from the optical axis direction. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line # F- # F in FIG. 7. (A) is a state where the lens barrel is raised, (B) is a state where it is not driven, and (C) is a state where it is lowered. Shows the state. In the example shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the protrusion 14 of the driving device 10 is brought into contact with only one part of the lens barrel 34, but the examples shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 show the driving device 10. These are provided one by one at opposite positions across the lens barrel 34. Thus, by providing the driving device 10 on both sides of the lens barrel 34, a displacement speed about twice that of the above-described configuration can be obtained.

次に、図9及び図10を参照しながら本発明の実施例2を説明する。なお、上述した実施例1と同一ないし対応する構成要素には同一の符号を用いることとする(以下の実施例についても同様)。本実施例は、本発明を手ぶれ防止用のレンズ駆動装置として適用した例である。図9は、本実施例を光軸方向から見た平面図,図10は、前記図9を#G−#G線に沿って切断した断面図であり、(A)は鏡筒を図9のx方向に移動させた状態,(B)は駆動させない状態と駆動回路,(C)は−x方向に移動させた状態を示している。   Next, Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, the same code | symbol shall be used for the component which is the same as that of Example 1 mentioned above, or respond | corresponds (it is the same also about a following example). In this embodiment, the present invention is applied as a lens driving device for preventing camera shake. 9 is a plan view of the present embodiment viewed from the optical axis direction, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 9 taken along line # G- # G, and FIG. The state moved in the x direction, (B) shows the state not driven and the drive circuit, and (C) shows the state moved in the -x direction.

本実施例では、レンズ36の鏡筒52は略方形となっており、光軸に直交した面内を、図9に示す−x〜x、−y〜yに沿って可動な構成となっている。可動面内には、駆動装置10が、−y〜y方向に沿って平行に配置され、駆動装置50が、−x〜x方向に沿って平行に配置されている。なお、駆動装置50の構成は、前記駆動装置10と同様である。これら駆動装置10及び50の突起部14は、内面42から伸びたバネ44によって付勢され、前記鏡筒52と接触している。また、鏡筒52の他の縁部は、内面42から伸びたバネ44の先端に設けられた把持部54により支持されている。   In the present embodiment, the lens barrel 52 of the lens 36 has a substantially rectangular shape, and is movable along a plane orthogonal to the optical axis along the lines -x to x and -y to y shown in FIG. Yes. In the movable surface, the driving device 10 is disposed in parallel along the −y to y directions, and the driving device 50 is disposed in parallel along the −x to x directions. The configuration of the driving device 50 is the same as that of the driving device 10. The protrusions 14 of the driving devices 10 and 50 are urged by a spring 44 extending from the inner surface 42 and are in contact with the lens barrel 52. The other edge of the lens barrel 52 is supported by a gripping portion 54 provided at the tip of a spring 44 extending from the inner surface 42.

図10も参照して、駆動装置50によって鏡筒52を図9のx,−x方向に移動させる場合について説明する。圧電素子16の左側(鏡筒52に向かって左側,すなわち、駆動電極22A側)を駆動し、右側(鏡筒52に向かって右側,すなわち、駆動電極22B側)にインピーダンス素子46を接続すると、圧電効果による右側の伸縮が妨げられ、振動の中心が突起部14より右側に移動し、突起部14が右上に突き上げ、左下に付き下げる振動をする。左下に下がる際には、鏡筒52と干渉しないため、鏡筒52は、右側に変位する(図10(A)参照)。圧電素子16を駆動しないときは、バネ44により突起部14が鏡筒52を抑えるため、鏡筒52の位置は固定される(図10(B)参照))。そして、逆に、圧電素子16の右側を駆動し、左側にインピーダンス素子46を接続すると、上述した通り、圧電素子16の左側部分の伸縮が妨げられ、振動の中心が突起部14より左に移動し、突起部14が左上に突き上げ、右下に突き下げる振動をする。右下に突き下げる際には、鏡筒52と干渉しないため、鏡筒52は、左に変位する(図10(C)参照)。y方向についても、駆動装置10を用いることにより、−y〜y方向に変位する。もちろん、−x〜x方向への変位と、−y〜y方向への変位を同時に行うようにしてもよい。このように、本実施例2は、手ぶれ防止用のアクチュエータ(駆動装置)として十分に機能可能である。   The case where the lens barrel 52 is moved in the x and −x directions of FIG. 9 by the driving device 50 will be described with reference to FIG. When the left side (left side toward the lens barrel 52, that is, the drive electrode 22A side) of the piezoelectric element 16 is driven and the impedance element 46 is connected to the right side (right side toward the lens barrel 52, that is, the drive electrode 22B side), The expansion and contraction on the right side due to the piezoelectric effect is hindered, the center of vibration moves to the right side from the protrusion 14, and the protrusion 14 vibrates upward and lowers to the lower left. When descending to the lower left, since it does not interfere with the lens barrel 52, the lens barrel 52 is displaced to the right (see FIG. 10A). When the piezoelectric element 16 is not driven, the projection 14 holds the lens barrel 52 by the spring 44, so that the position of the lens barrel 52 is fixed (see FIG. 10B). Conversely, when the right side of the piezoelectric element 16 is driven and the impedance element 46 is connected to the left side, as described above, expansion and contraction of the left side portion of the piezoelectric element 16 is hindered, and the center of vibration moves to the left from the protrusion 14. Then, the projection 14 vibrates up to the upper left and down to the lower right. When pushing down to the lower right, since the lens barrel 52 does not interfere with the lens barrel 52, the lens barrel 52 is displaced to the left (see FIG. 10C). Also in the y direction, displacement is performed in the −y to y direction by using the driving device 10. Of course, the displacement in the −x to x direction and the displacement in the −y to y direction may be performed simultaneously. As described above, the second embodiment can sufficiently function as an actuator (drive device) for preventing camera shake.

次に、図11を参照しながら、本発明の実施例3について説明する。本実施例は、本発明を超音波モータとして適用した例である。図11(A)に示す例では、上述した実施例1と同様の駆動装置10を用いたものであり、該駆動装置10は、軸62に支持されたロータ60(ないし回転体)の外周に、突起部14を接触させた構造となっている。また、図11(B)に示す例では、駆動装置70を略円弧状として、前記ロータ60の外周に沿わせるように配置した例である。なお、駆動装置70の構成は、前記駆動装置10と同様である。図11(A)及び(B)のいずれの例であっても、圧電素子16の右側(駆動電極22B側)を駆動し、左側(駆動電極22A側)にインピーダンス素子46を接続すると、突起部14に左への駆動力が発生し、ロータ60が時計回り(CW)に回転する。逆に、圧電素子16の左側を駆動し、右側にインピーダンス素子46を接続すると、突起部14に右への駆動力が発生し、ロータ60が反時計回り(CCW)に回転するようになる。このように、駆動装置の片側を励振させ、該駆動させる部分と対称の圧電素子部分にインピーダンス素子46をつなげて振動を非対称にさせるとともに、励振側とインピーダンス素子46接続側を切り替えることで、1つの振動モードで回転方向を制御できる。   Next, Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the present invention is applied as an ultrasonic motor. In the example shown in FIG. 11 (A), the same drive device 10 as that of the first embodiment is used, and the drive device 10 is provided on the outer periphery of the rotor 60 (or rotating body) supported by the shaft 62. The protrusion 14 is in contact with each other. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 11B, the drive device 70 has a substantially arc shape and is arranged along the outer periphery of the rotor 60. The configuration of the driving device 70 is the same as that of the driving device 10. 11A and 11B, when the right side (drive electrode 22B side) of the piezoelectric element 16 is driven and the impedance element 46 is connected to the left side (drive electrode 22A side), the protruding portion 14 generates a driving force to the left, and the rotor 60 rotates clockwise (CW). Conversely, when the left side of the piezoelectric element 16 is driven and the impedance element 46 is connected to the right side, a driving force to the right is generated in the protrusion 14 and the rotor 60 rotates counterclockwise (CCW). In this way, by exciting one side of the driving device and connecting the impedance element 46 to the piezoelectric element portion symmetrical to the driven portion to make the vibration asymmetrical, the excitation side and the impedance element 46 connection side are switched. The direction of rotation can be controlled in two vibration modes.

次に、図12及び図13を参照して、本発明の実施例4について説明する。図12は、上述した駆動装置10において、駆動電極22A及び22Bをそれぞれ分極した例である。図12(A-1)〜(A-3)は比較例であって、インピーダンス素子46を接続しない構成としたものであり、このような構成とすると駆動装置10Aは、左右対称に振動し駆動力は得られない。これに対し、図12(B-1)〜(B-3)に示すように、片側にインピーダンス素子46を設けることにより、対称がくずれて駆動力が得られる。このように、圧電素子16の駆動は、L1モードでも、分極の向きを変えて、横面内振動F2モードを利用してもよい。   Next, Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 12 shows an example in which the drive electrodes 22A and 22B are polarized in the drive device 10 described above. 12 (A-1) to 12 (A-3) are comparative examples in which the impedance element 46 is not connected. With such a configuration, the driving device 10A vibrates symmetrically and is driven. Power cannot be obtained. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 12B-1 to 12B-3, by providing the impedance element 46 on one side, the symmetry is broken and a driving force is obtained. As described above, the piezoelectric element 16 may be driven in the L1 mode or by using the in-plane vibration F2 mode by changing the polarization direction.

あるいは、図13に示す例のように、圧電素子16の主面を4分割し、前記駆動電極22A及び22Bが対向するように構成してもよい。図13(A-1)〜(A-3)は比較例であって、インピーダンス素子46を接続しない構成としたものであり、駆動装置10Bは、駆動電極22Aと22Bを単独で駆動しても対称に振動し、駆動力は得られない。これに対し、図13(B-1)〜(B-3)に示すように、片側にインピーダンス素子46を設けることにより、駆動装置10Cの対称がくずれて駆動力が得られる。このように、圧電素子16の駆動は、L1モードでも、電極を図13(B-1)及び(B-2)に示すように分割し、横面内振動F2モードを利用してもよい。   Alternatively, as in the example shown in FIG. 13, the main surface of the piezoelectric element 16 may be divided into four so that the drive electrodes 22A and 22B face each other. FIGS. 13A-1 to 13A-3 are comparative examples in which the impedance element 46 is not connected. The drive device 10B may drive the drive electrodes 22A and 22B independently. It vibrates symmetrically and no driving force can be obtained. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 13 (B-1) to (B-3), by providing the impedance element 46 on one side, the symmetry of the driving device 10C is broken and a driving force is obtained. As described above, the piezoelectric element 16 may be driven in the L1 mode by dividing the electrodes as shown in FIGS. 13B-1 and 13B-2 and using the in-plane vibration F2 mode.

次に、図14を参照しながら、本発明の実施例5を説明する。図14(A)は、本実施例の構成を示す分解斜視図,図14(B)は平面図,図14(C)は、前記図14(B)を矢印F14方向から見た正面図である。上述した実施例3は、回転体の外周側に駆動装置の突起部を接触させて単一方向への回転力を得る構成であるが、本実施例は、回転体の主面に突起部を接触させて回転させるものである。   Next, Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 14A is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of this embodiment, FIG. 14B is a plan view, and FIG. 14C is a front view of FIG. 14B viewed from the direction of arrow F14. is there. In the third embodiment described above, the protrusion of the driving device is brought into contact with the outer peripheral side of the rotating body to obtain a rotational force in a single direction. In this embodiment, the protrusion is provided on the main surface of the rotating body. It is made to contact and rotate.

図14に示すように、本実施例の回転モータ80は、軸102に支持されたロータ100を回転させるものであって、前記ロータ100の一方の主面側に配置されている。前記回転モータ80は、平板リング状の振動板82の一方の主面にリング状の圧電素子86を貼り合わせたものである。該圧電素子86の一方の主面には、リングの中心に極座標をとり、均等の間隔で複数(図示の例では6つ)に分割した駆動電極92A〜92Fが形成されている。また、圧電素子86の他方の主面,すなわち、振動板82と接触する面には、分割しない1つの駆動電極90が形成されている。更に、複数に分割した駆動電極92A〜92Fの整数倍で均等の間隔になるように、分割電極間で、支持部96によって前記振動板82が支持されている。そして、支持部96同士の中間の角度に、圧電素子86を貼り付けていない側の振動板82の主面に突起部84を設け、該突起部84を被回転体であるロータ100に接触させた構造となっている。本実施例の場合は、前記突起部84及び支持部96はいずれも、駆動電極の分割ライン上に配置されている。   As shown in FIG. 14, the rotary motor 80 of this embodiment rotates the rotor 100 supported by the shaft 102, and is disposed on one main surface side of the rotor 100. The rotary motor 80 is obtained by bonding a ring-shaped piezoelectric element 86 to one main surface of a flat plate-shaped diaphragm 82. On one main surface of the piezoelectric element 86, drive electrodes 92 </ b> A to 92 </ b> F having polar coordinates at the center of the ring and divided into a plurality (six in the illustrated example) are formed. In addition, one drive electrode 90 that is not divided is formed on the other main surface of the piezoelectric element 86, that is, the surface in contact with the diaphragm 82. Furthermore, the diaphragm 82 is supported by the support portion 96 between the divided electrodes so as to be an even interval with an integral multiple of the drive electrodes 92A to 92F divided into a plurality. Then, a projection 84 is provided on the main surface of the diaphragm 82 on the side where the piezoelectric element 86 is not attached at an intermediate angle between the support portions 96, and the projection 84 is brought into contact with the rotor 100 that is the rotated body. It has a structure. In the case of the present embodiment, both the projecting portion 84 and the support portion 96 are disposed on the dividing line of the drive electrode.

本実施例では、図示の通り、駆動電極90と振動板82は同電位となっており、駆動電源28及びインピーダンス素子46に接続されている。また、駆動電極92A,92C,92Eと、駆動電極92B,92D,92Fは、駆動電源28又はインピーダンス素子46のいずれかに接続されるようになっており、スイッチ48A及び48Bにより、駆動電源28に接続される側と、インピーダンス素子46に接続される側を切り替えることが可能となっている。   In the present embodiment, as illustrated, the drive electrode 90 and the diaphragm 82 are at the same potential and are connected to the drive power supply 28 and the impedance element 46. The drive electrodes 92A, 92C, and 92E and the drive electrodes 92B, 92D, and 92F are connected to either the drive power supply 28 or the impedance element 46, and are connected to the drive power supply 28 by the switches 48A and 48B. It is possible to switch between the connected side and the side connected to the impedance element 46.

このような構成で圧電体88を励振すると、支持部96を節としたベンディングの振動が発生する。時間に対して対称な信号を入力する場合は、励振しない部分にインピーダンス素子46をつながないと振動は対称となり、突起部84は未変位の状態を中心にして、角度方向に均等に振動する。しかしながら、励振しない部分にインピーダンス素子46をつなげると、突起部84の振動の対称性が崩れ、該突起部84の振動の中心が、未変位の状態からインピーダンス素子46をつなげた方向にずれる。突起部84は、インピーダンス素子46をつないだ領域側へ撓む際に、ロータ100を押す力を生じる。一方、圧電素子が縮む際には、突起部84はインピーダンス素子46をつないだ側にあり、突起部84が戻る速度が速く、かつ、振動板82及びロータ100に慣性があるため、前記突起部84はロータ100と干渉することなく振動する。   When the piezoelectric body 88 is excited in such a configuration, bending vibration with the support portion 96 as a node is generated. In the case of inputting a signal symmetric with respect to time, if the impedance element 46 is not connected to a portion that is not excited, the vibration becomes symmetric, and the protrusion 84 vibrates uniformly in the angular direction around the undisplaced state. However, if the impedance element 46 is connected to a portion that is not excited, the symmetry of the vibration of the protrusion 84 is lost, and the center of vibration of the protrusion 84 is shifted from the undisplaced state to the direction in which the impedance element 46 is connected. The protrusion 84 generates a force that pushes the rotor 100 when it is bent toward the region where the impedance element 46 is connected. On the other hand, when the piezoelectric element contracts, the protrusion 84 is on the side where the impedance element 46 is connected, the speed at which the protrusion 84 returns is high, and the diaphragm 82 and the rotor 100 have inertia. 84 vibrates without interfering with the rotor 100.

以上のように、支持部96の一方側に位置する領域を励振し、前記支持部96の他方側に位置する領域にインピーダンス素子46を接続する構成とすることで、ロータ100に突起部84からトルクが加えられ、該ロータ100が一定方向に回転する。更に、励振する領域とインピーダンス素子46を接続する部分を入れ替えることで、回転方向が反転できる。例えば、ロータ100の回転速度は、5Vp−pの交番信号で、10rpsという速い回転速度が得られる。なお、本実施例においては、回転モータ80の自重により突起部84がロータに付勢されている。   As described above, by exciting the region located on one side of the support portion 96 and connecting the impedance element 46 to the region located on the other side of the support portion 96, the rotor 100 can be connected to the protrusion 84 from the protrusion 84. Torque is applied and the rotor 100 rotates in a certain direction. Furthermore, the direction of rotation can be reversed by exchanging the region to be excited and the portion connecting the impedance element 46. For example, the rotational speed of the rotor 100 can be as high as 10 rps with an alternating signal of 5 Vp-p. In the present embodiment, the protrusion 84 is biased by the rotor by the weight of the rotary motor 80.

本実施例においても、上述した実施例1〜4と同様に、1つの振動しか使用しないため、周波数の制御が容易であるとともに、駆動素子の寸法で複数の振動を組み合わせることが必要でないため、寸法も制限されることなく、小型、軽薄、低コストの回転モータが提供できる。   Also in the present embodiment, since only one vibration is used as in the first to fourth embodiments described above, it is easy to control the frequency and it is not necessary to combine a plurality of vibrations with the dimensions of the drive element. There is no limitation on the size, and a small, light, and low-cost rotary motor can be provided.

次に、図15を参照しながら、本発明の実施例7について説明する。図15(A)は、本実施例の平面図,図15(B)は、前記図15(A)を矢印F15a方向から見た側面図,図15(C)は、前記図15(A)を矢印F15b方向から見た正面図である。本実施例も、前記実施例5と同様に、駆動装置によって被回転体を回転させるものである。図15に示すように、本実施例の回転モータ120は、リングから弧状に切り出した形状となっており、ロータ100の一方の主面側に配置されている。回転モータ120は、振動板122の一方の主面に、圧電素子126が貼り付けられており、他方の主面の適宜位置(振動の節の位置)には、前記ロータ100の主面に当接する突起部124が設けられた構成となっている。なお、前記振動板122は、側面の適宜位置で支持部134により支持されている。また、前記圧電素子126は、振動板122に貼り合わせる側には分割していない駆動電極130が形成されており、他方の主面には、複数(図示の例では4つ)に分割された駆動電極が形成されている。本実施例の回転モータ120のように、略弧状の形状としても、前記実施例5と同様の効果が得られる。   Next, Embodiment 7 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 15A is a plan view of the present embodiment, FIG. 15B is a side view of FIG. 15A viewed from the direction of arrow F15a, and FIG. 15C is the above-described FIG. 15A. It is the front view which looked at from arrow F15b direction. In the present embodiment, similarly to the fifth embodiment, the driven body is rotated by the driving device. As shown in FIG. 15, the rotary motor 120 of this embodiment has a shape cut out in an arc shape from the ring, and is arranged on one main surface side of the rotor 100. In the rotary motor 120, a piezoelectric element 126 is attached to one main surface of the diaphragm 122, and an appropriate position (vibration node position) of the other main surface is in contact with the main surface of the rotor 100. The projecting portion 124 is in contact with the projection 124. The diaphragm 122 is supported by a support part 134 at an appropriate position on the side surface. In addition, the piezoelectric element 126 has a drive electrode 130 that is not divided on the side to be bonded to the diaphragm 122, and is divided into a plurality (four in the illustrated example) on the other main surface. A drive electrode is formed. The same effect as that of the fifth embodiment can be obtained even when the arc motor has a substantially arc shape like the rotary motor 120 of the present embodiment.

次に、図16を参照しながら、本発明の実施例7について説明する。図16(A)は本実施例の平面図,図16(B)は、前記図16(A)を#I−#I線に沿って切断し矢印方向に見た断面図,図16(C)は、前記図16(A)を#J−#J線に沿って切断し矢印方向に見た断面図である。図16に示すように、本実施例の回転モータ150は、略筒状のロータ164の内側に配置されており、全体として円の一部を切り欠いた形状となっている。前記回転モータ150は、円の一部を切り欠いた形状の振動板152の一方の主面に圧電素子156を備えている。該圧電素子156は、振動板152に貼り合わせられる側の圧電体158の主面に、分割されていない駆動電極160を備えており、他方の主面に、左右対称に分割された駆動電極162A及び162Bを備えている。また、前記振動板152の外周部には、放射方向に左右対称となるように突起部154が形成されており、該突起部154が、素面の垂直高さをとった筒状のロータ164の内面と接触している。更に、前記振動板152は、圧電素子156が設けられていない側の面で、左右対称になるように配置された支持部166により支持されている。駆動方法は、前記実施例5と同様である。すなわち、圧電素子156の片側(例えば、駆動電極162A側)を励振した場合は、圧電素子156の反対側(例えば、駆動電極162B側)にインピーダンス素子46を接続し、励振側とインピーダンス素子接続側は、スイッチ48A及び48Bにより切り替え可能となっている。   Next, Embodiment 7 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 16A is a plan view of this embodiment, FIG. 16B is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 16A cut along the line # I- # I and viewed in the direction of the arrow, and FIG. FIG. 16A is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 16A taken along line # J- # J and viewed in the direction of the arrow. As shown in FIG. 16, the rotary motor 150 of this embodiment is disposed inside a substantially cylindrical rotor 164 and has a shape in which a part of a circle is cut out as a whole. The rotary motor 150 includes a piezoelectric element 156 on one main surface of a diaphragm 152 having a shape obtained by cutting out a part of a circle. The piezoelectric element 156 includes a drive electrode 160 that is not divided on the main surface of the piezoelectric body 158 that is bonded to the vibration plate 152, and a drive electrode 162A that is divided symmetrically on the other main surface. And 162B. In addition, a protrusion 154 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the diaphragm 152 so as to be bilaterally symmetrical in the radial direction, and the protrusion 154 has a cylindrical rotor 164 having a vertical height of the bare surface. It is in contact with the inner surface. Further, the diaphragm 152 is supported by a support portion 166 that is arranged to be bilaterally symmetrical on the surface on which the piezoelectric element 156 is not provided. The driving method is the same as in the fifth embodiment. That is, when one side of the piezoelectric element 156 (for example, the drive electrode 162A side) is excited, the impedance element 46 is connected to the opposite side (for example, the drive electrode 162B side) of the piezoelectric element 156, and the excitation side and the impedance element connection side Can be switched by switches 48A and 48B.

このような構成で、圧電素子156の片側部分(例えば、駆動電極162A側)を交番電場,あるいは、時間に対して非対称の電圧信号で励振し、圧電素子156の反対側(例えば、駆動電極162B側)にインピーダンス素子46をつなげると、非対称の振動が発生し、励振した部分が伸びる際に、突起部154が伸びる方向,すなわち、ロータ164の円弧の接線方向に駆動力が発生し、一方向にロータ164が回転する。同様に、励振する側とインピーダンス素子46をつなげる側を切り替えると、反対に回転する駆動力がロータ164に作用し、逆回転を行う。本実施例の効果は、前記実施例5と同様である。   With such a configuration, one side of the piezoelectric element 156 (for example, the drive electrode 162A side) is excited with an alternating electric field or a voltage signal that is asymmetric with respect to time, and the other side of the piezoelectric element 156 (for example, the drive electrode 162B). When the impedance element 46 is connected to the side), an asymmetric vibration is generated, and when the excited part is extended, a driving force is generated in the direction in which the protrusion 154 extends, that is, in the tangential direction of the arc of the rotor 164. The rotor 164 rotates at the same time. Similarly, when the exciting side and the side connecting the impedance element 46 are switched, a driving force that rotates in the opposite direction acts on the rotor 164 to perform reverse rotation. The effect of the present embodiment is the same as that of the fifth embodiment.

なお、本発明は、上述した実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々変更を加え得ることができる。例えば、以下のものも含まれる。
(1)上述した実施例に示した材料,形状,寸法は一例であり、同様の作用を奏するように適宜変更可能である。また、駆動電極の分割数も一例であり、必要に応じて適宜増減してよい。
(2)前記バネ44や支持部96,134,166も一例であり、同様の作用を奏するように適宜変更可能である。
(3)圧電素子の構造も、ユニモルフ,バイモルフのいずれであってもよい。また、圧電素子自体が圧電層と電極層を交互に積層した積層構造のものであってもよく、その積層数,内部電極の接続パターン,引出構造なども必要に応じて適宜変更可能である。
(4)駆動用の印加電圧波形も、駆動形態に応じて適宜設定してよい。
(5)前記実施例の駆動装置や回転モータは一例であり、本発明は、例えば、カメラの撮影レンズやオーバーヘッドプロジェクタなどの投影レンズ,双眼鏡のレンズ,複写機のレンズなど、光学装置におけるレンズの駆動のほか、プロッタやX−Y駆動テーブルのような装置など、駆動部を有する装置一般に適用可能である。
In addition, this invention is not limited to the Example mentioned above, A various change can be added in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention. For example, the following are also included.
(1) The materials, shapes, and dimensions shown in the above-described embodiments are examples, and can be appropriately changed so as to achieve the same effect. Further, the number of divisions of the drive electrode is an example, and may be appropriately increased or decreased as necessary.
(2) The spring 44 and the support portions 96, 134, and 166 are examples, and can be appropriately changed so as to achieve the same operation.
(3) The structure of the piezoelectric element may be either a unimorph or a bimorph. Further, the piezoelectric element itself may have a laminated structure in which piezoelectric layers and electrode layers are alternately laminated, and the number of laminated layers, the connection pattern of internal electrodes, the lead structure, and the like can be appropriately changed as necessary.
(4) The applied voltage waveform for driving may also be set as appropriate according to the driving mode.
(5) The driving device and the rotation motor of the above-described embodiment are examples, and the present invention is not limited to a lens for an optical device such as a projection lens such as a camera photographing lens or an overhead projector, a binocular lens, or a copier lens. In addition to driving, the present invention can be applied to a device having a drive unit such as a device such as a plotter or an XY drive table.

本発明によれば、圧電層の主面を複数に分割した各領域に、該圧電層を挟んで対向する一対の駆動電極を設けるとともに、前記圧電層を複数領域に分割するライン上に被駆動体と接触する突起を設ける。そして、圧電素子の分割領域の一方を駆動信号の入力により励振し、他方の分割領域にインピーダンス素子を接続して前記突起を非対称で駆動し、単一方向への安定した駆動力を得るため、安定した動作が必要とされる精密機器や通信機器などで利用される駆動装置の用途に適用できる。特に、小型化,軽量化,薄型化が要求される駆動装置の用途に好適である。   According to the present invention, each region obtained by dividing the main surface of the piezoelectric layer into a plurality of regions is provided with a pair of drive electrodes facing each other with the piezoelectric layer interposed therebetween, and driven on a line dividing the piezoelectric layer into a plurality of regions. Protrusions that contact the body are provided. And, to excite one of the divided areas of the piezoelectric element by the input of the drive signal, connect the impedance element to the other divided area and drive the protrusion asymmetrically, to obtain a stable driving force in a single direction, The present invention can be applied to a drive device used in precision equipment and communication equipment that require stable operation. In particular, it is suitable for the use of a drive device that requires a reduction in size, weight, and thickness.

本発明の実施例1を示す図であり、(A)は光軸方向から見た平面図,(B)は主要部を示す斜視図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows Example 1 of this invention, (A) is the top view seen from the optical axis direction, (B) is a perspective view which shows the principal part. 前記図1(A)を#A−#A線に沿って切断し矢印方向に見た断面と回路を示す図であり、(A)は鏡筒が上に移動した状態,(B)は駆動しない状態,(C)は下に移動した状態を示す図である。FIGS. 1A and 1B are cross-sectional views and circuits taken along line # A- # A and viewed in the direction of the arrows, where FIG. 1A is a state in which a lens barrel is moved upward, and FIG. (C) is a diagram showing a state in which it is not moved. 前記実施例の鏡筒の変位速度と駆動電圧の関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the displacement speed of the lens-barrel of the said Example, and a drive voltage. 対称振動の作用を示す図であり、(A-1)〜(A-3)は平面図,(B)は前記(A-2)を#B−#B線に沿って切断した断面と回路を示す図,(C)は突起部の軌跡を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the effect | action of a symmetrical vibration, (A-1)-(A-3) is a top view, (B) is the cross section and circuit which cut | disconnected said (A-2) along the # B- # B line | wires FIG. 8C is a diagram showing the locus of the protrusion. 非対称振動の作用の一例を示す図であり、(A-1)〜(A-3)は平面図,(B)は前記(A-2)を#C−#C線に沿って切断した断面と回路を示す図,(C)は突起部の軌跡を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the effect | action of asymmetric vibration, (A-1)-(A-3) is a top view, (B) is the cross section which cut | disconnected said (A-2) along the # C- # C line | wire. FIG. 5C is a diagram showing a locus of the protrusion. 非対称振動の作用の一例を示す図であり、(A-1)〜(A-3)は平面図,(B)は前記(A-2)を#D−#D線に沿って切断した断面と回路を示す図,(C)は突起部の軌跡を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the effect | action of asymmetric vibration, (A-1)-(A-3) is a top view, (B) is the cross section which cut | disconnected said (A-2) along the # D- # D line | wire. FIG. 5C is a diagram showing a locus of the protrusion. 前記実施例1の変形例を光軸方向から見た平面図である。It is the top view which looked at the modification of the said Example 1 from the optical axis direction. 前記図7を#F−#F線に沿って切断した断面図であり、(A)は鏡筒が上へ移動した状態,(B)は移動前の状態,(C)は下へ移動した状態を示す図である。FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line # F- # F in FIG. 7, (A) shows a state in which the lens barrel has moved upward, (B) shows a state before movement, and (C) has moved downward. It is a figure which shows a state. 本発明の実施例2を光軸方向から見た平面図及び回路図である。It is the top view and circuit diagram which looked at Example 2 of this invention from the optical axis direction. 前記図8を#G−#G線に沿って切断した端面図であり、(A)は鏡筒がx方向へ移動した状態,(B)は移動前の状態,(C)は−x方向へ移動した状態を示すである。FIG. 9 is an end view of FIG. 8 cut along line # G- # G, where (A) shows a state where the lens barrel has moved in the x direction, (B) shows a state before the movement, and (C) shows a -x direction. The state which moved to is shown. 本発明の実施例3及びその変形例の平面及び回路を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the plane and circuit of Example 3 of this invention and its modification. 本発明の実施例4と比較例の振動の機構を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the mechanism of the vibration of Example 4 of this invention and a comparative example. 前記実施例4の変形例と比較例の振動の機構を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the mechanism of the vibration of the modification of the said Example 4, and a comparative example. 本発明の実施例5を示す図であり、(A)は分解斜視図,(B)は平面図と回路図,(C)は前記(B)を矢印F14方向から見た側面図である。It is a figure which shows Example 5 of this invention, (A) is a disassembled perspective view, (B) is a top view and a circuit diagram, (C) is the side view which looked at the said (B) from the arrow F14 direction. 本発明の実施例6を示す図であり、(A)は平面図と回路図,(B)は前記(A)を矢印F15a方向から見た側面図,(C)は前記(A)を矢印F15bから見た側面図である。It is a figure which shows Example 6 of this invention, (A) is a top view and a circuit diagram, (B) is the side view which looked at the said (A) from the arrow F15a direction, (C) is the above (A) arrow. It is the side view seen from F15b. 本発明の実施例7を示す図であり、(A)は平面図,(B)は前記(A)を#I−#I線に沿って切断し矢印方向に見た断面図,(C)は前記(A)を#J−#J線に沿って切断し矢印方向に見た断面図である。It is a figure which shows Example 7 of this invention, (A) is a top view, (B) is sectional drawing which cut | disconnected said (A) along the # I- # I line | wires, and looked at the arrow direction, (C) FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line # J- # J as viewed in the direction of the arrow (A). 背景技術の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of background art. 背景技術の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of background art. 背景技術の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of background art.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

10,10A,10B,10C:駆動装置
12:振動板
14:突起部
14A:先端
16:圧電素子
18:圧電体
20,22A,22B:駆動電極
24:分割ライン
28:駆動電源
30:通路
34:鏡筒
34A,34B:凸部
36:レンズ
38:ガイド
40:スリット(ないし溝)
42:内面
44:バネ
46:インピーダンス素子
48A,48B:スイッチ
50:駆動装置
52:鏡筒
54:把持部
60:ロータ
62:軸
70:駆動装置
80:回転モータ
82:振動板
84:突起部
86:圧電素子
88:圧電体
90,92A〜92F:駆動電極
94:分割ライン
96:支持部
100:ロータ
102:軸
104:駆動電源
120:回転モータ
122:振動板
124:突起部
126:圧電素子
128:圧電体
130,132A〜132D:駆動電極
134:支持部
150:回転モータ
152:振動板
154:突起部
156:圧電素子
158:圧電体
160,162A,162B:駆動電極
164:ロータ
166:支持部
10, 10A, 10B, 10C: Driving device 12: Diaphragm 14: Protruding part 14A: Tip 16: Piezoelectric element 18: Piezoelectric body 20, 22A, 22B: Driving electrode 24: Dividing line 28: Driving power supply 30: Passage 34: Lens tube 34A, 34B: Convex part 36: Lens 38: Guide 40: Slit (or groove)
42: inner surface 44: spring 46: impedance element 48A, 48B: switch 50: driving device 52: lens barrel 54: gripping portion 60: rotor 62: shaft 70: driving device 80: rotating motor 82: diaphragm 84: protrusion 86 : Piezoelectric element 88: Piezoelectric body 90, 92A to 92F: Driving electrode 94: Dividing line 96: Supporting part 100: Rotor 102: Shaft 104: Driving power source 120: Rotating motor 122: Diaphragm 124: Protruding part 126: Piezoelectric element 128 : Piezoelectric bodies 130, 132A to 132D: Drive electrode 134: Support section 150: Rotating motor 152: Vibration plate 154: Projection section 156: Piezoelectric element 158: Piezoelectric bodies 160, 162A, 162B: Drive electrode 164: Rotor 166: Support section

Claims (3)

圧電層の主面を複数に分割したそれぞれの領域に、前記圧電層を挟んで対向する一対の駆動電極を設けた圧電素子と、
前記圧電層を複数領域に分割するライン上に設けられており、被駆動体と接触する突起と、
前記圧電素子が主面に貼り合わせられる振動板と、
を備えた駆動装置の駆動電極のうち、
一方の分割領域の駆動電極間に駆動信号を入力するとともに、他方の分割領域の駆動電極間にインピーダンス素子を接続したことを特徴とする駆動装置の駆動方法。
A piezoelectric element provided with a pair of drive electrodes facing each other across the piezoelectric layer in each region obtained by dividing the main surface of the piezoelectric layer into a plurality of areas;
Provided on a line that divides the piezoelectric layer into a plurality of regions, and a protrusion that contacts the driven body;
A diaphragm on which the piezoelectric element is bonded to the main surface;
Of the drive electrodes of the drive device comprising
A driving method of a driving apparatus, wherein a driving signal is input between driving electrodes in one divided region, and an impedance element is connected between driving electrodes in the other divided region.
圧電層の主面を複数に分割したそれぞれの領域に、前記圧電層を挟んで対向する一対の駆動電極を備えた圧電素子,
前記圧電層を複数領域に分割するライン上に設けられており、被駆動体と接触する突起,
前記圧電素子が主面に貼り合わせられる振動板,
を備えるとともに、
前記駆動電極のうち、一方の分割領域の駆動電極間に駆動信号を入力するとともに、他方の分割領域の駆動電極間にインピーダンス素子が接続されたことを特徴とする駆動装置。
A piezoelectric element comprising a pair of drive electrodes opposed to each other across the piezoelectric layer in each of the main surfaces of the piezoelectric layer divided into a plurality of areas;
A protrusion that is provided on a line that divides the piezoelectric layer into a plurality of regions, and that contacts the driven body;
A diaphragm on which the piezoelectric element is bonded to the main surface;
With
A driving apparatus in which a driving signal is input between the driving electrodes of one divided region among the driving electrodes, and an impedance element is connected between the driving electrodes of the other divided region.
前記突起を、前記被駆動体に対して付勢配置したことを特徴とする請求項2記載の駆動装置。   The drive device according to claim 2, wherein the protrusion is urged to the driven body.
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WO2010052974A1 (en) * 2008-11-06 2010-05-14 ミツミ電機株式会社 Drive device
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