JP2006308555A - Apparatus and method of inspecting thickness of boiler heat-transfer tube - Google Patents
Apparatus and method of inspecting thickness of boiler heat-transfer tube Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、廃熱回収を行うボイラにおいて、その内部に設置されているボイラ伝熱管群の肉厚検査を行うためのボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査装置および方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a boiler heat transfer tube thickness inspection apparatus and method for performing a wall thickness inspection of a boiler heat transfer tube group installed in a boiler that performs waste heat recovery.
これまでのボイラ伝熱管群の肉厚検査は、主に人手作業で行ってきた。サンドペーパーやグライダー掛けにより伝熱管表面の凹凸を無くすための手入れを行った後、接触媒質を測定表面に塗布しながら、超音波探触子を直接測定対象物に押し付けて肉厚測定を行うものである。正確な肉厚測定を行うには、超音波探触子を測定表面に対して垂直に接触させる必要があり、検査者の経験や技量に委ねられているところが大きい。また、肉厚検査作業は、上下方向のボイラ伝熱管群とボイラ伝熱管群の間の狭い隙間に寝転がって検査を行わねばならないことや、特に焼却炉用ボイラの場合、ダイオキシンの被爆から防護するための特別な装備が必要であることから、作業員に大きな負担が掛かっていた。 So far, wall thickness inspection of boiler heat transfer tube groups has been mainly done manually. After removing the unevenness of the heat transfer tube surface by sandpaper or gliding, measure the wall thickness by pressing the ultrasonic probe directly against the measurement object while applying the contact medium to the measurement surface. It is. In order to perform accurate wall thickness measurement, it is necessary to bring the ultrasonic probe into contact with the measurement surface perpendicularly, which is largely left to the experience and skill of the inspector. In addition, the wall thickness inspection work must be carried out by laying in a narrow gap between the boiler heat transfer tube group in the vertical direction and the boiler heat transfer tube group. For this reason, a large burden was placed on the workers.
このような人手作業に対して、作業員の負荷を低減するための自動化装置には、例えば特許文献１には、超音波探触子による肉厚検査の技術が開示されている。この装置は、図７に示すように、配管群１１２の上方に管軸方向に沿って敷かれたレール１２１、１２２を台車１２３が走行し、台車１２３から昇降自在に吊り下がられた検査用デバイス１２４に搭載した検査器１２７で配管の検査を行うというものである。 For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for thickness inspection using an ultrasonic probe as an automatic device for reducing the load on a worker against such manual work. As shown in FIG. 7, this apparatus is for inspection in which a carriage 123 travels on rails 121, 122 laid along a pipe axis direction above a pipe group 112, and is suspended from the carriage 123 so as to be raised and lowered. A pipe is inspected by an inspection device 127 mounted on the device 124.
また、特許文献２には、超音波探触子の測定精度向上のための技術が開示されている。この技術は、図８に示すように、肉厚測定用の超音波探触子を搭載したスライダ１３４を円環状のレール１３２上に配置し、配管の外周に沿って、レール１３２を同心円状に取付け、レール１３２を複数の伸縮シリンダによりリンク機構１３３ａ、ｄ、ｆを調節することにより超音波探触子を搭載したスライダの姿勢を制御して、超音波探触子先端を配管表面に垂直に接触させ超音波エコーを用いて配管の肉厚を測定する。スライダ１３４をレール１３２上を一定の角度間隔で３６０度にわたって移動させながら配管の肉厚を測定する際に、前記超音波探触子から発せられた超音波パルスのエコーに基づいて超音波探触子の先端と配管表面との接触状態の良否を検出し、接触状態が不良と判定された箇所につき、前記スライダをその位置へと移動し、前記レールの姿勢を変化し、超音波探触子の接触状態を再調節して不良箇所の肉厚測定を行うものである。 Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for improving the measurement accuracy of an ultrasonic probe. In this technique, as shown in FIG. 8, a slider 134 equipped with an ultrasonic probe for thickness measurement is arranged on an annular rail 132, and the rail 132 is concentrically formed along the outer periphery of the pipe. Attach the rail 132 by adjusting the link mechanisms 133a, d, and f by a plurality of telescopic cylinders to control the attitude of the slider on which the ultrasonic probe is mounted, so that the tip of the ultrasonic probe is perpendicular to the pipe surface. Contact and measure the thickness of the pipe using ultrasonic echo. When measuring the thickness of the pipe while moving the slider 134 on the rail 132 at a predetermined angular interval over 360 degrees, the ultrasonic probe is based on the echo of the ultrasonic pulse emitted from the ultrasonic probe. An ultrasonic probe detects the quality of the contact state between the tip of the child and the pipe surface, moves the slider to the position where the contact state is determined to be poor, changes the attitude of the rail, and The contact state is readjusted, and the thickness of the defective portion is measured.
さらに、特許文献３には、千鳥配置の伝熱管検査装置が開示されている。この装置は、図９ないし図１１に示すように、外周面上にフィンが螺旋状に取り付けられ、並列に配置される複数のスパイラルロール２１a〜dと、該スパイラルロールの両端部を回転自在に支持するフレーム４２、５０と、前記スパイラルロールを回転駆動させる駆動手段４３a〜dとからなる移動装置を、前記棒状体の軸方向に複数直列配置すると共に、該複数の移動装置を伸縮部材２６で連結し、さらに検査手段４０を前記移動装置に連結し、前記駆動手段により前記棒状体を回転駆動させることにより、前記移動装置と共に前記検査手段を伝熱群内で移動させることを特徴としている。検査手段４０は、伝熱管の外表面に縞状のレーザシート光を垂直方向から且つ該縞状のレーザシート光が伝熱管軸方向に直角となるように照射するレーザシート発信器３０と、前記レーザシート光が照射されている箇所を伝熱管外表面に対して直角方向と斜め方向から撮影し、該伝熱管外表面での前記レーザシート光の反射光を複数個の円弧形状の撮影画像として取り込む複数のＣＣＤカメラ３１、３２と、該撮影画像を解析して前記伝熱管外表面の摩耗状況を判断する画像処理装置６１とを備えている。
しかしながら、上記特許文献１に記載の肉厚検査装置は、検査用デバイスをボイラ伝熱管群の管列方向に移動させる必要があり、その都度作業員が走行レールを敷きなおす作業のためにボイラ内に入らなければならないという問題がある。 However, in the thickness inspection apparatus described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to move the inspection device in the tube row direction of the boiler heat transfer tube group, and each time the worker re-lays the traveling rail in the boiler. There is a problem that you have to enter.
また、上記特許文献２に記載の肉厚検査装置は、複雑な動作軸を必要とするため、通常 ６０ｍｍ〜７０ｍｍ程度のボイラ伝熱管群の隙間では、装置化が困難である。 Moreover, since the thickness inspection apparatus of the said patent document 2 requires a complicated operation axis | shaft, it is difficult to apparatus-ized in the clearance gap of the boiler heat exchanger tube group normally about 60 mm-70 mm.
また、従来の千鳥配置の伝熱管検査装置を対象にした上記特許文献３に記載の技術では、千鳥配置のような狭い配管内においても、レール設置やワイヤ巻取り装置の設置や、伝熱管の軸方向および列方向移動時のレールやワイヤ巻取り装置の移設を必要としないシンプルな装置構成となっているが、あらかじめ、スパイラルロールの羽根形状やピッチを伝熱管のピッチにあわせて設計・製作する必要があり、伝熱管ピッチが途中で切替る場合や、同一ボイラ内において複数種類の伝熱管ピッチを持つ場合は対応が困難である。 Moreover, in the technique of the said patent document 3 which made the object the conventional zigzag arrangement heat exchanger tube inspection apparatus, also in narrow piping like zigzag arrangement, rail installation, wire winding device installation, and heat transfer tube Although it is a simple device configuration that does not require the transfer of rails and wire take-up devices when moving in the axial direction and row direction, the design and manufacture of the spiral roll blade shape and pitch according to the pitch of the heat transfer tube in advance Therefore, it is difficult to cope with the case where the heat transfer tube pitch is changed in the middle or when there are plural types of heat transfer tube pitches in the same boiler.
また、伝熱管群間の間隙寸法が運転時間によって、当初の設計・製作寸法から変動しており、場所によっては大きな変動が生じている。このような場所においてはスムーズに移動することが困難であると考えられる。さらには、構造上、検査装置を伝熱管の管軸方向に動作させようとすると、上下方向の動作を伴うため、伝熱管の端部での動作制御が煩雑である。 In addition, the gap dimension between the heat transfer tube groups varies from the initial design / manufacturing dimension depending on the operation time, and a large variation occurs depending on the location. In such a place, it is considered difficult to move smoothly. Furthermore, structurally, when the inspection apparatus is to be operated in the tube axis direction of the heat transfer tube, operation in the vertical direction is involved, so that operation control at the end of the heat transfer tube is complicated.
さらには、このようなスパイラルロールによる移動機構と、レーザシート光を用いた表面検査装置を組み合わせた場合、移動時のガタツキが測定結果に影響してしまうため、精度良く伝熱管の外面表面摩耗を測定することは困難であるという種々の問題がある。 Furthermore, when a moving mechanism using such a spiral roll and a surface inspection device using laser sheet light are combined, the backlash at the time of movement will affect the measurement result. There are various problems that it is difficult to measure.
本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、千鳥配管のような狭い配管においても、伝熱管群の管軸方向及び上下方向に自在に移動でき、多少の伝熱管群の間隙寸法が変動していても、効率的かつ精度良く配管減肉量を測定可能なボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査装置および方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and even in a narrow pipe such as a staggered pipe, the heat transfer pipe group can be freely moved in the axial direction and the vertical direction, and the gap size of the heat transfer pipe group slightly varies. However, an object of the present invention is to provide a boiler heat transfer tube thickness inspection apparatus and method capable of measuring the pipe thinning amount efficiently and accurately.
本発明の請求項１に係る発明は、本体上部の左右に取り付けられた上部アーム機構を介して設けられ、ボイラ伝熱管への押し当てにともない回転する上部ローラと、前記上部アーム機構を開閉する上部アーム開閉駆動機構と、本体内部に、本体から出没自在にボイラ伝熱管に押し当てられるための駆動ローラ出没機構を介して設けられ、上下方向に回転軸を有する駆動ローラと、該駆動ローラを回転させる駆動ローラ駆動機構と、上下動させるスライド機構の左右に取り付けられた下部アーム機構を介して設けられ、ボイラ伝熱管への押し当てにともない回転する下部ローラと、前記下部アーム機構を開閉する下部アーム開閉駆動機構と、前記スライド機構を介して設けられ、本体内部を上下動するスライド部と、該スライド部から出没自在にして超音波探触子ヘッド部をボイラ伝熱管に押し当てるための肉厚検査センサ出没機構を介して設けられた肉厚検査センサ部とを備え、前記上部アーム機構、前記下部アーム機構、および前記駆動ローラ出没機構とを作動させることによって、前記上部ローラ、前記下部ローラ、および前記駆動ローラとをボイラ伝熱管に押し付けて装置自身を保持するとともに、装置自身を管軸方向及び上下方向に移動させて、前記肉厚検査センサ出没機構を作動させ、前記超音波探触子ヘッド部をボイラ伝熱管に押し付けてボイラ伝熱管の肉厚を検査することを特徴とするボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査装置である。 The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is provided via upper arm mechanisms attached to the left and right of the upper part of the main body, and opens and closes the upper roller that rotates when pressed against the boiler heat transfer tube, and the upper arm mechanism. An upper arm opening / closing drive mechanism, a drive roller that is provided inside the main body via a drive roller retracting mechanism that is pressed against the boiler heat transfer tube so as to be able to protrude and retract from the main body, and has a rotation roller in the vertical direction, and the drive roller Provided via a drive roller drive mechanism that rotates, and a lower arm mechanism attached to the left and right of a slide mechanism that moves up and down, and opens and closes the lower roller that rotates when pressed against the boiler heat transfer tube, and the lower arm mechanism Lower arm opening / closing drive mechanism, slide part provided through the slide mechanism, and moving up and down inside the main body And a thickness inspection sensor part provided through a thickness inspection sensor extending and retracting mechanism for pressing the ultrasonic probe head part against the boiler heat transfer tube, the upper arm mechanism, the lower arm mechanism, and By operating the drive roller retracting mechanism, the upper roller, the lower roller, and the drive roller are pressed against the boiler heat transfer tube to hold the device itself, and the device itself is moved in the tube axis direction and the vertical direction. Then, the thickness inspection of the boiler heat transfer tube is characterized by operating the thickness inspection sensor protruding and retracting mechanism and pressing the ultrasonic probe head portion against the boiler heat transfer tube to inspect the thickness of the boiler heat transfer tube. Device.
また本発明の請求項２に係る発明は、請求項１に記載のボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査装置において、前記超音波探触子ヘッド部は、超音波探触子と、該超音波探触子を保持するとともに、この超音波探触子とボイラ伝熱管表面との間に空間を有する肉厚検査ホルダーとを備え、前記空間に媒質液を供給するポンプを備えることを特徴とするボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査装置である。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the wall thickness inspection apparatus for a boiler heat transfer tube according to the first aspect, the ultrasonic probe head section includes an ultrasonic probe and the ultrasonic probe. A boiler transmission characterized by comprising a thickness inspection holder having a space between the ultrasonic probe and the boiler heat transfer tube surface, and a pump for supplying a medium liquid to the space. This is a heat pipe thickness inspection device.
また本発明の請求項３に係る発明は、請求項１または請求項２に記載のボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査装置において、前記超音波探触子ヘッド部は、その先端にゴム膜を備え、該ゴム膜を介してボイラ伝熱管に押し付けられることを特徴とするボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査装置である。 The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is the boiler heat transfer tube thickness inspection apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the ultrasonic probe head portion includes a rubber film at a tip thereof. A boiler heat transfer tube wall thickness inspection apparatus that is pressed against a boiler heat transfer tube through the rubber film.
また本発明の請求項４に係る発明は、本体上部の左右に取り付けられた上部アーム機構、本体内部を上下動させるスライド機構の左右に取り付けられた下部アーム機構、および本体から出没自在にボイラ伝熱管に押し当てられるための駆動ローラ出没機構とを作動させることによって、前記上部ローラ、前記下部ローラ、および前記駆動ローラとをボイラ伝熱管に押し付けて装置自身を保持するとともに、装置自身を管軸方向及び上下方向に移動させて、肉厚検査センサ出没機構を作動させ、超音波探触子ヘッド部をボイラ伝熱管に押し付けてボイラ伝熱管の肉厚を検査することを特徴とするボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査方法である。 The invention according to claim 4 of the present invention includes an upper arm mechanism attached to the left and right of the upper part of the main body, a lower arm mechanism attached to the left and right of a slide mechanism that moves the inside of the main body up and down, and a boiler transmission that can be moved in and out of the main body. By operating a drive roller retracting mechanism to be pressed against the heat pipe, the upper roller, the lower roller, and the drive roller are pressed against the boiler heat transfer tube to hold the device itself, and the device itself is The boiler heat transfer tube is characterized in that the wall thickness of the boiler heat transfer tube is inspected by moving the direction and vertical direction to activate the thickness inspection sensor retracting mechanism and pressing the ultrasonic probe head portion against the boiler heat transfer tube This is a thickness inspection method.
また本発明の請求項５に係る発明は、請求項４に記載のボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査方法において、前記超音波探触子ヘッド部の超音波探触子とボイラ伝熱管表面との間の空間に媒質液を充填することを特徴とするボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査方法である。 Further, the invention according to claim 5 of the present invention is the method for wall thickness inspection of a boiler heat transfer tube according to claim 4, wherein the ultrasonic probe of the ultrasonic probe head section is between the surface of the boiler heat transfer tube and the boiler heat transfer tube. This is a method for inspecting the thickness of a boiler heat transfer tube, wherein the space is filled with a medium liquid.
さらに本発明の請求項６に係る発明は、請求項５に記載のボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査方法において、前記超音波探触子ヘッド部の先端にゴム膜を備え、該ゴム膜を介してボイラ伝熱管に押し付けられることを特徴とするボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査方法である。 Furthermore, the invention according to claim 6 of the present invention is the boiler heat transfer tube thickness inspection method according to claim 5, further comprising a rubber film at the tip of the ultrasonic probe head portion, and through the rubber film. It is the thickness inspection method of the boiler heat exchanger tube characterized by being pressed on a boiler heat exchanger tube.
本発明では、本体両側のボイラ伝熱管に押し当てられて回転する上部ローラと、本体から出没自在にボイラ伝熱管に押し当てられるための駆動ローラと、上下動するスライド機構に取り付けられた下部ローラとから構成したので、千鳥配管のような狭い配管においても、伝熱管群の管軸方向及び上下方向に自在に移動できる。多少の伝熱管群の間隙寸法が変動していても、スライド機構の調整により、安定して移動できる。また、スライド機構の下部ローラ間に肉厚検査センサを配置したので、検査対象となると伝熱管に沿って確実にセンサを押し当てることが可能となり、効率的かつ精度良く配管減肉量を測定することが可能である。 In the present invention, an upper roller that is rotated by being pressed against the boiler heat transfer tubes on both sides of the main body, a drive roller that is pressed against the boiler heat transfer tubes so as to be able to protrude and retract from the main body, and a lower roller that is attached to a slide mechanism that moves up and down Therefore, even a narrow pipe such as a staggered pipe can be moved freely in the tube axis direction and the vertical direction of the heat transfer tube group. Even if the gap size of the heat transfer tube group fluctuates, it can move stably by adjusting the slide mechanism. In addition, since a thickness inspection sensor is placed between the lower rollers of the slide mechanism, it is possible to reliably press the sensor along the heat transfer tube when inspected, and efficiently and accurately measure pipe thinning. It is possible.
以下、本発明について図面を参照して具体的に説明する。図１及び図２は、本発明を実施するための装置構成の一例を示す斜視図である。図１は肉厚検査装置正面から見た斜視図であり、図２は肉厚検査装置背面から見た斜視図である。図中、１は本体、２ａおよび２ｂは上部アーム機構、３ａおよび３ｂは上部ローラ、４ａおよび４ｂは上部アーム開閉駆動機構、５は駆動ローラ出没機構、６は駆動ローラ、７は駆動ローラ駆動機構、８はスライド機構、９はスライド部、１０ａおよび１０ｂは下部アーム機構、１１ａおよび１１ｂは下部ローラ、１２ａおよび１２ｂは下部アーム開閉駆動機構、および１４は肉厚検査センサ部をそれぞれ示す。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are perspective views showing an example of a device configuration for carrying out the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view seen from the front of the thickness inspection apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view seen from the rear of the thickness inspection apparatus. In the figure, 1 is a main body, 2a and 2b are upper arm mechanisms, 3a and 3b are upper rollers, 4a and 4b are upper arm opening / closing drive mechanisms, 5 are drive roller retracting mechanisms, 6 are drive rollers, and 7 are drive roller drive mechanisms. , 8 is a slide mechanism, 9 is a slide part, 10a and 10b are lower arm mechanisms, 11a and 11b are lower rollers, 12a and 12b are lower arm opening / closing drive mechanisms, and 14 is a thickness inspection sensor part.
本体１上部の左右に取り付けられた上部アーム機構２ａと２ｂを介して設けられ、ボイラ伝熱管に押し当てられて回転する上部ローラ３ａと３ｂと、前記上部アーム機構２ａと２ｂを開閉する上部アーム開閉駆動機構４ａと４ｂと、本体内部に、本体から出没自在でボイラ伝熱管に押し当てられるための駆動ローラ出没機構５を介して設けられ、上下方向に回転軸を有するように取り付けられた駆動ローラ６と、該駆動ローラを回転させる駆動ローラ駆動機構７と、スライド機構８を介して設けられ、本体内部を上下動するスライド部９の左右に取り付けられた下部アーム機構１０ａと１０ｂを介して設けられ、ボイラ伝熱管に押し当てられて回転する下部ローラ１１ａと１１ｂと、前記下部アーム機構１０ａと１０ｂを開閉する下部アーム開閉駆動機構１２ａと１２ｂと、前記スライド部９に設けられた肉厚検査センサ部１４とから、本発明のボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査装置は構成される。 Upper rollers 3a and 3b which are provided via upper arm mechanisms 2a and 2b attached to the left and right of the upper part of the main body 1 and rotate by being pressed against a boiler heat transfer tube, and upper arms which open and close the upper arm mechanisms 2a and 2b Opening and closing drive mechanisms 4a and 4b, and a drive provided inside the main body via a driving roller protruding and retracting mechanism 5 that can be protruded and retracted from the main body and pressed against the boiler heat transfer tube, and has a rotating shaft in the vertical direction. Via the lower arm mechanisms 10a and 10b which are provided via the roller 6, the driving roller driving mechanism 7 for rotating the driving roller, and the slide mechanism 8 and attached to the left and right of the slide portion 9 which moves up and down inside the main body. Lower rollers 11a and 11b that are provided and rotate by being pressed against the boiler heat transfer tube, and lower arms that open and close the lower arm mechanisms 10a and 10b And a closed drive mechanism 12a and 12b, the thickness inspection sensor unit 14 that is provided on the sliding portion 9, the wall thickness inspection apparatus of the boiler heat transfer tube of the present invention is configured.
図では、駆動ローラ出没機構５としてリンク、駆動ローラ駆動機構７としてプーリーベルト、およびスライド機構８としてボールねじをそれぞれ例示しているが、これらに限られるものではない。また、本実施例では、上部ローラ３ａと３ｂと、下部ローラ１１ａと１１ｂは無駆動ローラである場合を示しているが、スペース上の制約がない場合は、駆動ローラとしても問題はない。 In the drawing, a link is illustrated as the drive roller retracting mechanism 5, a pulley belt is illustrated as the drive roller drive mechanism 7, and a ball screw is illustrated as the slide mechanism 8. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In the present embodiment, the upper rollers 3a and 3b and the lower rollers 11a and 11b are non-driving rollers. However, when there is no space limitation, there is no problem as a driving roller.
図３は、肉厚検査センサ部および超音波探触子ヘッド部の詳細構造を示す図である。図３（ａ）は、肉厚検査センサ部１４の全体構造を示す斜視図であり、（ｂ）および（ｃ）は、超音波探触子ヘッド部１６の詳細構造を示す図であり、（ｂ）は先端にゴム膜がある場合、（ｃ）は先端にゴム膜がない場合をそれぞれ示している。図中、１３は肉厚検査センサ出没機構、１４は肉厚検査センサ部、１５はゴム膜、１６は超音波探触子ヘッド部、１７は肉厚検査センサ調芯機構、１８は回転軸、１９は肉厚検査ホルダー、２０は超音波探触子、２４はポンプ、および２６は水柱をそれぞれ表す。 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a detailed structure of the thickness inspection sensor unit and the ultrasonic probe head unit. FIG. 3A is a perspective view illustrating the entire structure of the thickness inspection sensor unit 14, and FIGS. 3B and 3C are diagrams illustrating the detailed structure of the ultrasonic probe head unit 16. b) shows the case where there is a rubber film at the tip, and (c) shows the case where there is no rubber film at the tip. In the figure, reference numeral 13 denotes a thickness inspection sensor extending / retracting mechanism, 14 a thickness inspection sensor section, 15 a rubber film, 16 an ultrasonic probe head section, 17 a thickness inspection sensor alignment mechanism, 18 a rotating shaft, Reference numeral 19 is a thickness inspection holder, 20 is an ultrasonic probe, 24 is a pump, and 26 is a water column.
肉厚検査センサ部１４は、液体が充填された超音波探触子ヘッド部１６と、肉厚検査センサ出没機構１３を介して設けられた肉厚検査センサ調芯機構１７および回転軸１８とから構成されている。そして、超音波探触子ヘッド部１６は、超音波探触子２０と、この超音波探触子２０を保持する肉厚検査センサのホルダー１９とで構成され、先端にゴム膜１５を有するもの（図３（ｂ））と、ゴム膜がないもの（図３（ｃ））がある。 The thickness inspection sensor unit 14 includes an ultrasonic probe head unit 16 filled with a liquid, a thickness inspection sensor alignment mechanism 17 and a rotating shaft 18 provided via a thickness inspection sensor retracting mechanism 13. It is configured. The ultrasonic probe head unit 16 includes an ultrasonic probe 20 and a thickness inspection sensor holder 19 that holds the ultrasonic probe 20, and has a rubber film 15 at the tip. (FIG. 3B) and those without a rubber film (FIG. 3C).
ゴム膜が有る場合は、ボイラ伝熱管の表面が曲面形状であるときに倣いやすい、またボイラ伝熱管の粗さによって、ゴム膜とボイラ伝熱管の間に媒質液が必要となるが、媒質液が少量で済むといったメリットがある。また、ゴム膜がない場合は、ゴム膜による超音波減衰の恐れがなくなるという計測精度上の利点があり、先端にゴム膜を付けるか付けないかは、計測対象により使い分けるようにするとよい。 When there is a rubber film, it is easy to follow when the surface of the boiler heat transfer tube is curved, and depending on the roughness of the boiler heat transfer tube, a medium liquid is required between the rubber film and the boiler heat transfer tube. There is an advantage that only a small amount is required. Further, when there is no rubber film, there is an advantage in measurement accuracy that there is no risk of ultrasonic attenuation due to the rubber film, and whether or not a rubber film is attached to the tip may be used depending on the measurement object.
超音波探触子２０とボイラ伝熱管表面との間の空間には、媒質液を封入した水柱２６が形成される。ポンプ２４は、超音波探触子ヘッド部１６を伝熱管に押し付けて肉厚を計測する際に水柱２６を形成するために、媒質液を供給する。 In the space between the ultrasonic probe 20 and the boiler heat transfer tube surface, a water column 26 filled with a medium liquid is formed. The pump 24 supplies the medium liquid to form the water column 26 when the ultrasonic probe head unit 16 is pressed against the heat transfer tube to measure the wall thickness.
上述の構造を有する超音波探触子ヘッド部と直接水管に超音波探触子を押さえ付ける方法とを比較すると、ボイラ伝熱管が小径で曲面でも，ボイラ伝熱管表面が多少粗くても計測が可能となる、計測するたびに媒質液を供給するので媒質液は少量で済むという利点がある。また、防錆剤を混ぜた水・グリセリン、または、揮発性のあるアルコールを媒質液として使用することで媒質液の拭き取りなどの後処理（ボイラ伝熱管表面の錆び防止のため）が不要となる。 Comparing the ultrasonic probe head with the above structure and the method of pressing the ultrasonic probe directly on the water pipe, even if the boiler heat transfer tube has a small diameter and curved surface, or the boiler heat transfer tube surface is somewhat rough, the measurement is possible. Since the medium liquid is supplied every time measurement is possible, there is an advantage that only a small amount of the medium liquid is required. In addition, by using water, glycerin mixed with a rust inhibitor, or volatile alcohol as the medium liquid, post-treatment such as wiping off the medium liquid (to prevent rust on the boiler heat transfer tube surface) becomes unnecessary. .
肉厚検査ホルダー１９は、対象配管への調芯が可能となるように、例えば凹形状の溝を有し、肉厚検査センサ出没機構１３により出没してボイラ伝熱管の表面にゴム膜１５を押し付けるようになっている。このとき、凹形状の溝が対象配管にならって、肉厚検査センサ調芯機構１７の回転軸１８を中心として肉厚検査ホルダー１９が回動することにより、多少の伝熱管群の間隙寸法が変動していても、検査対象となると伝熱管に沿って確実にセンサを押し当てることが可能となる（図３（ａ））。 The wall thickness inspection holder 19 has, for example, a concave groove so that alignment to the target pipe is possible, and is projected and retracted by the wall thickness inspection sensor retracting mechanism 13 so that the rubber film 15 is applied to the surface of the boiler heat transfer tube. It is designed to be pressed. At this time, the thickness inspection holder 19 rotates around the rotation shaft 18 of the thickness inspection sensor aligning mechanism 17 with the concave groove serving as the target pipe, so that the gap size of the heat transfer tube group is somewhat reduced. Even if it fluctuates, it becomes possible to reliably press the sensor along the heat transfer tube when it becomes an inspection target (FIG. 3A).
図４は、ボイラ伝熱管の全体システム構成を示すシステム構成図である。肉厚検査装置の本体１の各駆動機構を動作制御するためのための駆動モータアンプ２１と、本体に搭載したモニタカメラ映像をキャプチャするためのキャプチャーカード２２と、超音波探触子ヘッド１６の送受信波から配管肉厚を演算するための探触器２３と、ゴム膜１５と配管との間に媒質液（カップリング液）を供給するためのポンプ２４と、全体システムの統括制御を行う制御装置（計算機）２５とから構成されている。 FIG. 4 is a system configuration diagram showing the overall system configuration of the boiler heat transfer tube. A drive motor amplifier 21 for controlling the operation of each drive mechanism of the main body 1 of the thickness inspection apparatus, a capture card 22 for capturing a monitor camera image mounted on the main body, and an ultrasonic probe head 16 A probe 23 for calculating the pipe wall thickness from the transmitted and received waves, a pump 24 for supplying a medium liquid (coupling liquid) between the rubber film 15 and the pipe, and a control for performing overall control of the entire system. The apparatus (computer) 25 is comprised.
次に、図５を使用して、肉厚検査装置が千鳥配置のボイラ伝熱管群３１を上下方向に降下移動（昇降）移動する動作および検査工程を説明する。
（ａ）上部アーム機構２ａと２ｂ、下部アーム機構１０ａと１０ｂを閉じた状態である。背面の駆動ローラ６は退避している。
（ｂ）最初に、下部アーム機構１０ａと１０ｂが開く。
（ｃ）次に、スライド機構８を作動させて、ボールねじを管間隔１ピッチ分、スライド部９と下部アーム機構を斜め左下方向に移動させる。
（ｄ）次に、下部アーム機構１０ａと１０ｂを閉じる。
（ｅ）次に、上部アーム機構２ａと２ｂを開く。
（ｆ）次に、スライド機構８を作動させて、管間隔１ピッチ分、スライド部９と下部アーム機構を図の斜め左下方向に移動させる。この時、下部アーム機構に取り付けた下部アーム機構１０ａと１０ｂは配管に拘束されているため、本体１の全体と共に上部アーム機構２ａと２ｂが下方に引き寄せられるような動作となる。
（ｇ）最後に、上部アーム機構２ａと２ｂを閉じる。
Next, with reference to FIG. 5, an operation and inspection process in which the wall thickness inspection apparatus moves down (up and down) the boiler heat transfer tube group 31 arranged in a staggered manner in the vertical direction will be described.
(A) The upper arm mechanisms 2a and 2b and the lower arm mechanisms 10a and 10b are closed. The driving roller 6 on the back is retracted.
(B) First, the lower arm mechanisms 10a and 10b are opened.
(C) Next, the slide mechanism 8 is actuated to move the slide part 9 and the lower arm mechanism diagonally to the lower left by one pitch of the ball screw.
(D) Next, the lower arm mechanisms 10a and 10b are closed.
(E) Next, the upper arm mechanisms 2a and 2b are opened.
(F) Next, the slide mechanism 8 is operated, and the slide portion 9 and the lower arm mechanism are moved diagonally to the lower left in the drawing by an interval of 1 pipe interval. At this time, since the lower arm mechanisms 10a and 10b attached to the lower arm mechanism are constrained by the piping, the upper arm mechanisms 2a and 2b are pulled downward together with the entire main body 1.
(G) Finally, the upper arm mechanisms 2a and 2b are closed.
以上の（ａ）〜（ｇ）の動作を繰り返すことで、ボイラ伝熱管群３１を自在に降下することが可能となる。また、（ａ）〜（ｇ）の動作を逆転することで、ボイラ伝熱管群３１を自在に上昇することも可能である。さらには、途中で管ピッチが変化しても、スライド部のスライド量を適宜調整することにより移動が可能となる。 By repeating the above operations (a) to (g), the boiler heat transfer tube group 31 can be freely lowered. Moreover, it is also possible to raise the boiler heat-transfer tube group 31 freely by reversing operation | movement of (a)-(g). Furthermore, even if the pipe pitch changes midway, it is possible to move by adjusting the slide amount of the slide part as appropriate.
管軸方向に移動する際は、図６に示すように、上部アーム機構２ａと２ｂ、下部アーム機構１０ａと１０ｂを閉じた状態で、背面の駆動ローラ６を本体１から突出させる。駆動ローラ６を突出させることで、上部アーム機構２ａと２ｂ、下部アーム機構１０ａと１０ｂに取付けた無駆動回転（フリー）の上部ローラ３ａと３ｂ、下部ローラ１１ａと１１ｂで配管を支持した状態となり、駆動ローラ駆動機構７を作動させることで、管軸方向に本体１が移動することが可能である。 When moving in the tube axis direction, as shown in FIG. 6, the drive roller 6 on the back surface is protruded from the main body 1 with the upper arm mechanisms 2 a and 2 b and the lower arm mechanisms 10 a and 10 b closed. By projecting the driving roller 6, the pipes are supported by the upper arm mechanisms 2a and 2b, the non-rotating (free) upper rollers 3a and 3b, and the lower rollers 11a and 11b attached to the lower arm mechanisms 10a and 10b. By operating the drive roller drive mechanism 7, the main body 1 can move in the tube axis direction.
肉厚検査時には、駆動ローラ６を停止した状態で、肉厚検査センサ出没機構１３により肉厚検査センサホルダー１６を突出してボイラ伝熱管の表面にゴム膜１５を押し付ける。ゴム膜１５を押し付けた後、探触器２３で超音波探触子ヘッド１６の送受信波から配管肉厚を演算し、制御装置２５に測定データを保存する。 During the thickness inspection, with the drive roller 6 stopped, the thickness inspection sensor holder 16 is projected by the thickness inspection sensor retracting mechanism 13 to press the rubber film 15 against the surface of the boiler heat transfer tube. After the rubber film 15 is pressed, the pipe thickness is calculated from the transmission / reception wave of the ultrasonic probe head 16 by the probe 23, and the measurement data is stored in the control device 25.
上記で説明したように、上部アーム機構、下部アーム機構、および駆動ローラ出没機構とを個別にまたは連動して作動させることによって、上部ローラ、下部ローラ、および駆動ローラとをボイラ伝熱管に押し付けて装置自身を保持するとともに、装置自身を管軸方向及び上下方向に移動させるようにしたので、千鳥配管のような狭い配管においても、伝熱管群の管軸方向及び上下方向に自在に移動できる。多少の伝熱管群の間隙寸法が変動していても、スライド機構の調整により、安定して移動できる。また、スライド機構の下部ローラ間に肉厚検査センサを配置したので、検査対象となると伝熱管に沿って確実にセンサを押し当てることが可能となり、効率的かつ精度良く配管減肉量を測定することが可能である。 As described above, by operating the upper arm mechanism, the lower arm mechanism, and the drive roller retracting mechanism individually or in conjunction with each other, the upper roller, the lower roller, and the drive roller are pressed against the boiler heat transfer tube. Since the apparatus itself is held and the apparatus itself is moved in the tube axis direction and the vertical direction, even a narrow pipe such as a staggered pipe can be freely moved in the tube axis direction and the vertical direction of the heat transfer tube group. Even if the gap size of the heat transfer tube group fluctuates, it can move stably by adjusting the slide mechanism. In addition, since a thickness inspection sensor is placed between the lower rollers of the slide mechanism, it is possible to reliably press the sensor along the heat transfer tube when inspected, and the pipe thinning amount is measured efficiently and accurately. It is possible.
また、あらかじめ測定点および測定範囲を決めて上述の動作工程をプログラミングして制御装置に入力・記憶させるようにしておけば、自動的に測定個所で肉厚検査を行い、測定データを保存することが可能である。また、本体にモニタカメラを設けることで、適宜、配管の状態をモニタリングしながら、肉厚検査測定を行うことも可能である。 Also, if the measurement point and measurement range are determined in advance and the above operation process is programmed and input and stored in the control device, the thickness is automatically inspected at the measurement location and the measurement data is saved. Is possible. In addition, by providing a monitor camera in the main body, it is possible to perform thickness inspection measurement while appropriately monitoring the state of the piping.
１ 本体
２ａ、２ｂ 上部アーム機構
３ａ、３ｂ 上部ローラ
４ａ、４ｂ 上部アーム開閉駆動機構
５ 駆動ローラ出没機構
６ 駆動ローラ
７ 駆動ローラ駆動機構
８ スライド機構
９ スライド部
１０ａ、１０ｂ 下部アーム機構
１１ａ、１１ｂ 下部ローラ
１２ａ、１２ｂ 下部アーム開閉駆動機構
１３ 肉厚検査センサ出没機構
１４ 肉厚検査センサ部
１５ ゴム膜
１６ 超音波探触子ヘッド部
１７ 肉厚検査センサ調芯機構
１８ 回転軸
１９ 肉厚検査ホルダー
２０ 超音波探触子
２１ 駆動モータアンプ
２２ キャプチャーカード
２３ 探触器
２４ ポンプ
２５ 制御装置（計算機）
２６ 水柱
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body 2a, 2b Upper arm mechanism 3a, 3b Upper roller 4a, 4b Upper arm opening / closing drive mechanism 5 Drive roller retracting mechanism 6 Drive roller 7 Drive roller drive mechanism 8 Slide mechanism 9 Slide part 10a, 10b Lower arm mechanism 11a, 11b Lower part Rollers 12a, 12b Lower arm opening / closing drive mechanism 13 Thickness inspection sensor retracting mechanism 14 Thickness inspection sensor section 15 Rubber film 16 Ultrasonic probe head section 17 Thickness inspection sensor alignment mechanism 18 Rotating shaft 19 Thickness inspection holder 20 Ultrasonic probe 21 Drive motor amplifier 22 Capture card 23 Probe 24 Pump 25 Controller (computer)
26 Water Pillar
Claims (6)
前記上部アーム機構を開閉する上部アーム開閉駆動機構と、
本体内部に、本体から出没自在にボイラ伝熱管に押し当てられるための駆動ローラ出没機構を介して設けられ、上下方向に回転軸を有する駆動ローラと、
該駆動ローラを回転させる駆動ローラ駆動機構と、
上下動させるスライド機構の左右に取り付けられた下部アーム機構を介して設けられ、ボイラ伝熱管への押し当てにともない回転する下部ローラと、
前記下部アーム機構を開閉する下部アーム開閉駆動機構と、
前記スライド機構を介して設けられ、本体内部を上下動するスライド部と、
該スライド部から出没自在にして超音波探触子ヘッド部をボイラ伝熱管に押し当てるための肉厚検査センサ出没機構を介して設けられた肉厚検査センサ部とを備え、
前記上部アーム機構、前記下部アーム機構、および前記駆動ローラ出没機構とを作動させることによって、
前記上部ローラ、前記下部ローラ、および前記駆動ローラとをボイラ伝熱管に押し付けて装置自身を保持するとともに、装置自身を管軸方向及び上下方向に移動させて、前記肉厚検査センサ出没機構を作動させ、前記超音波探触子ヘッド部をボイラ伝熱管に押し付けてボイラ伝熱管の肉厚を検査することを特徴とするボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査装置。 An upper roller that is provided via upper arm mechanisms attached to the left and right of the upper part of the main body, and that rotates as it is pressed against the boiler heat transfer tube;
An upper arm opening and closing drive mechanism for opening and closing the upper arm mechanism;
A driving roller provided inside a main body via a driving roller in / out mechanism for being pressed against a boiler heat transfer tube so as to be able to invade and retract from the main body;
A driving roller driving mechanism for rotating the driving roller;
A lower roller that is provided via a lower arm mechanism attached to the left and right of the slide mechanism that moves up and down, and that rotates as it is pressed against the boiler heat transfer tube;
A lower arm opening and closing drive mechanism for opening and closing the lower arm mechanism;
A slide part that is provided via the slide mechanism and moves up and down inside the main body;
A thickness inspection sensor part provided via a thickness inspection sensor extending and retracting mechanism for allowing the ultrasonic probe head part to press freely against the boiler heat transfer tube by allowing the ultrasonic probe head part to freely move in and out of the slide part;
By operating the upper arm mechanism, the lower arm mechanism, and the drive roller retracting mechanism,
The upper roller, the lower roller, and the drive roller are pressed against the boiler heat transfer tube to hold the device itself, and the device itself is moved in the tube axis direction and the vertical direction to operate the thickness inspection sensor retracting mechanism. A thickness inspection apparatus for a boiler heat transfer tube, wherein the ultrasonic probe head portion is pressed against the boiler heat transfer tube to inspect the thickness of the boiler heat transfer tube.
前記超音波探触子ヘッド部は、
超音波探触子と、
該超音波探触子を保持するとともに、この超音波探触子とボイラ伝熱管表面との間に空間を有する肉厚検査ホルダーとを備え、
前記空間に媒質液を供給するポンプを備えることを特徴とするボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査装置。 In the boiler heat transfer tube thickness inspection apparatus according to claim 1,
The ultrasonic probe head is
An ultrasound probe,
While holding the ultrasonic probe, comprising a wall thickness inspection holder having a space between the ultrasonic probe and the boiler heat transfer tube surface,
A boiler heat transfer tube thickness inspection apparatus comprising a pump for supplying a medium liquid to the space.
前記超音波探触子ヘッド部は、その先端にゴム膜を備え、該ゴム膜を介してボイラ伝熱管に押し付けられることを特徴とするボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査装置。 In the wall thickness inspection apparatus of the boiler heat exchanger tube according to claim 1 or 2,
The ultrasonic probe head section includes a rubber film at a tip thereof, and is pressed against the boiler heat transfer pipe through the rubber film.
前記上部ローラ、前記下部ローラ、および前記駆動ローラとをボイラ伝熱管に押し付けて装置自身を保持するとともに、装置自身を管軸方向及び上下方向に移動させて、
肉厚検査センサ出没機構を作動させ、超音波探触子ヘッド部をボイラ伝熱管に押し付けてボイラ伝熱管の肉厚を検査することを特徴とするボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査方法。 An upper arm mechanism attached to the left and right of the upper part of the main body, a lower arm mechanism attached to the left and right of a slide mechanism that moves the inside of the main body up and down, and a drive roller retracting mechanism for being pressed against the boiler heat transfer tube so as to be able to protrude and retract from the main body By operating
While holding the device itself by pressing the upper roller, the lower roller, and the drive roller against the boiler heat transfer tube, moving the device itself in the tube axis direction and the vertical direction,
A method for inspecting a thickness of a boiler heat transfer tube, wherein the thickness inspection sensor intrusion mechanism is operated to inspect the thickness of the boiler heat transfer tube by pressing the ultrasonic probe head portion against the boiler heat transfer tube.
前記超音波探触子ヘッド部の超音波探触子とボイラ伝熱管表面との間の空間に媒質液を充填することを特徴とするボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査方法。 In the wall thickness inspection method of the boiler heat exchanger tube according to claim 4,
A boiler heat transfer tube thickness inspection method, wherein a medium liquid is filled in a space between the ultrasonic probe of the ultrasonic probe head portion and a boiler heat transfer tube surface.
前記超音波探触子ヘッド部の先端にゴム膜を備え、該ゴム膜を介してボイラ伝熱管に押し付けられることを特徴とするボイラ伝熱管の肉厚検査方法。 In the thickness inspection method of the boiler heat exchanger tube according to claim 5,
A method for inspecting a thickness of a boiler heat transfer tube, comprising a rubber film at a tip of the ultrasonic probe head portion and being pressed against the boiler heat transfer tube through the rubber film.
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