JP2006300865A - Method for inspecting tightness of waterproof material - Google Patents

Method for inspecting tightness of waterproof material Download PDF

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JP2006300865A
JP2006300865A JP2005126248A JP2005126248A JP2006300865A JP 2006300865 A JP2006300865 A JP 2006300865A JP 2005126248 A JP2005126248 A JP 2005126248A JP 2005126248 A JP2005126248 A JP 2005126248A JP 2006300865 A JP2006300865 A JP 2006300865A
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waterproof material
vent hole
tightness
inspecting
joint portion
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JP4479575B2 (en
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Koichi Mae
孝一 前
Mamoru Kawabe
衛 河辺
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Shimizu Construction Co Ltd
Shimizu Corp
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Shimizu Construction Co Ltd
Shimizu Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tightness inspection method for waterproof material capable of inspecting the tightness such as watertightness of a joint area, without forming a groove in the waterproof material beforehand. <P>SOLUTION: This method is for inspecting the tightness of a joint area 4 of the waterproof material 2, and inspects the tightness of the joint area 4 by putting an airhole forming member 5 along the end 2a of the joint part of the waterproof material 2, forming an airhole 8 communicating with the joint area 4 by covering the forming member 5 inside with a covering material 6, making the inside pressure of the airhole 8 a predetermined value by supplying a pressure gas into the airhole 8, and detecting variation in pressure inside the airhole 8. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、漏出する水を遮断した防水材の接合部の密性を検査する方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for inspecting the tightness of a joint portion of a waterproof material that blocks leaked water.

近年、例えばＳＭＷ（Soil Mixing Wall）工法などを用いて地盤にソイルセメントとＨ形鋼の芯材とからなる土留め壁を構築し、この土留め壁で支持させた状態で地盤を開削するとともに、土留め壁内のＨ形鋼の一フランジ部を露出させ、この露出したフランジ部に例えばスタッドジベルを取り付けてからコンクリートを打設し、コンクリート躯体を、スタッドジベルを介しつつ芯材と一体構築する、いわゆるＳＣＣＷ（Steel and Concrete Composite Wall）工法と称される施工法が用いられている。   In recent years, for example, using a SMW (Soil Mixing Wall) method, a soil retaining wall consisting of soil cement and H-shaped steel core is constructed on the ground, and the ground is excavated while supported by this retaining wall. Then, one flange part of the H-shaped steel in the earth retaining wall is exposed, concrete is placed after attaching a stud diver, for example, to this exposed flange part, and the concrete frame is built integrally with the core material via the stud diver A so-called SCCW (Steel and Concrete Composite Wall) construction method is used.

このＳＣＣＷ工法では、例えばトンネルやよう壁、ボックスカルバートなどを施工する場合と同様、コンクリートの打設前に、土留め壁面に防水材が設置される。ＳＣＣＷ工法における防水材は、主にソイルセメントを通じて土留め壁面から漏出する水（地下水）とコンクリートとを非接触状態に保持するためのものであり、シート状に成形された防水シートや、土留め壁面に吹付け塗布して表面に防水層を形成する塗膜防水材が用いられている。   In this SCCW method, for example, as in the case of constructing a tunnel, a wall, a box culvert or the like, a waterproof material is installed on the earth retaining wall surface before placing concrete. The waterproof material in the SCCW method is to keep the water (groundwater) leaking from the retaining wall mainly through soil cement and the concrete in a non-contact state. A waterproof coating material is used that sprays onto a wall surface to form a waterproof layer on the surface.

この種の防水材は、主に露出したフランジ部に接着支持されて土留め壁面に形成されるため、漏出する地下水とコンクリート躯体とを非接触状態に保持するには、防水材とフランジ部との接合部の水密性を確保することが重要となる。この接合部の水密性が確保されない場合には、打設した未硬化状態のフレッシュコンクリートが漏出する地下水で流されたり、硬化後のコンクリート躯体が継続的に地下水と接触されてその耐久性や美観が損なわれるなどの問題が生じることとなる。   This type of waterproofing material is mainly bonded to and supported by the exposed flange portion and formed on the earth retaining wall surface. Therefore, in order to keep the leaked groundwater and the concrete frame in a non-contact state, the waterproofing material and the flange portion It is important to ensure the water tightness of the joints. If the water tightness of this joint is not ensured, the casted uncured fresh concrete will be washed away by leaking ground water, or the hardened concrete frame will be continuously contacted with the ground water to ensure its durability and aesthetics. This causes problems such as damage.

このように防水材の接合部の水密性の確保が重要である一方で、その水密性を検査する方法は確立されていなかった。例えばトンネルやよう壁などの施工においても防水材の敷設後に接合部を目視で確認したり、コンクリート躯体を構築した後にコンクリート躯体表面の漏水の有無を目視で確認する程度であった。また、接合部の水密性が確保されずコンクリート躯体表面に漏水が認められた場合には、例えばひび割れなどの水路にウレタン樹脂やエポキシ樹脂などを充填して止水を行なうなどの対策が別途必要とされた。   Thus, while ensuring the watertightness of the joint part of a waterproof material is important, the method of inspecting the watertightness has not been established. For example, in the construction of tunnels and walls, it was only possible to visually check the joint after laying the waterproof material, or to visually check for the presence of water leakage on the surface of the concrete frame after the concrete frame was constructed. In addition, if water tightness is not secured at the joint and water leakage is observed on the surface of the concrete frame, additional measures such as filling the water channel such as cracks with urethane resin or epoxy resin to stop the water are necessary. It was said.

一方で、例えば廃棄物最終処分場に設けられる遮水シート（防水材）、特に遮断型や管理型の最終処分場の遮水シートでは、遮断を要する水に汚染物質が含まれる場合があるため、その接合部の水密性を検査する方法が規定されている（例えば、非特許文献１参照。）。この水密性の検査方法では、接合部分において接合方向に沿って延びる凹状の溝を予め遮水シートに形成しておき、遮水シート同士を接合する際に、一方の遮水シートの溝と他方の遮水シートによって接合部と繋がる空間が形成されるようにしている。そして、この溝の両端部を端部閉塞用締め具で押さえつけ、溝の内空を気密状態とした段階で、溝にエアポンプから圧力空気を供給する。ついで、溝の内空を所定の圧力（５０〜１５０ｋＰａ程度）に調整した段階で、圧力空気の供給を停止し、圧力計によって圧力の変動が生じるか否かを確認して検査を行っている。この水密性の検査方法では、所定の圧力に対し遮水シートの弾性変形などを考慮した許容圧力低下量以上の圧力低下が確認された場合に、接合部の水密性が十分でないと判断され、これにより、接合部の水密性が検査可能とされている。
「廃棄物最終処分場整備の計画・設計要領」、社団法人全国都市清掃会議、第III章、第５項、５．３、ｐ．２４８−２６８ On the other hand, for example, in the water shielding sheet (waterproofing material) provided at the final disposal site for waste, especially the water shielding sheet for the final disposal site of the blocking type or the management type, the water that needs to be blocked may contain contaminants. A method for inspecting the water tightness of the joint is defined (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1). In this watertightness inspection method, a concave groove extending in the joining direction at the joining portion is formed in the water shielding sheet in advance, and when joining the water shielding sheets, the groove of one water shielding sheet and the other A space connected to the joint portion is formed by the water shielding sheet. Then, at the stage where both ends of the groove are pressed with an end closing fastener and the inner space of the groove is brought into an airtight state, pressurized air is supplied to the groove from an air pump. Next, at the stage where the inner space of the groove is adjusted to a predetermined pressure (about 50 to 150 kPa), the supply of pressurized air is stopped and the pressure gauge is used to check whether or not the pressure varies. . In this watertightness inspection method, when a pressure drop that exceeds an allowable pressure drop amount taking into account the elastic deformation of the water shielding sheet or the like for a predetermined pressure is confirmed, it is determined that the watertightness of the joint is not sufficient, As a result, the water tightness of the joint can be inspected.
“Plans and design guidelines for final waste disposal site development”, National Urban Cleaning Council, Chapter III, Section 5, 5.3, p. 248-268

しかしながら、コンクリート躯体背面に設置される防水材に対して、廃棄物最終処分場の遮水シートの接合部の水密性検査方法を適用した場合には、防水材に溝を予め形成する必要が生じ、防水材の製作コスト高を招くという問題があった。   However, when the watertightness inspection method for the joint of the water shielding sheet at the final disposal site is applied to the waterproof material installed on the back of the concrete frame, it is necessary to form grooves in the waterproof material in advance. There is a problem that the manufacturing cost of the waterproof material is increased.

さらに、廃棄物最終処分場の遮水シート（防水材）の接合部の水密性検査方法は、シート状の防水材の検査は可能であるが、塗膜型の防水材への適用が困難であるという問題もあった。   In addition, the watertightness inspection method for the joints of water-proof sheets (waterproofing materials) at the final disposal site can inspect sheet-like waterproofing materials, but is difficult to apply to coating-type waterproofing materials. There was also a problem.

本発明は、上記事情を鑑み、防水材に予め溝を形成することなく接合部の水密性などの密性を検査可能な防水材の密性検査方法を提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof material tightness inspection method capable of inspecting the tightness such as the water tightness of a joint without forming a groove in the waterproof material in advance.

上記の目的を達するために、この発明は以下の手段を提供している。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following means.

本発明は、防水材の接合部の密性を検査する方法であって、前記防水材の接合部分の端部に沿うように通気孔形成部材を設置し、該通気孔形成部材を内包しつつ被覆材で被覆して前記接合部と繋がる通気孔を形成し、該通気孔に圧力気体を供給して前記通気孔内を所定の圧力状態とし、該通気孔内の圧力変動を検知することで前記接合部の密性を検査することを特徴とする。ここで、密性とは、水密性及び気密性を示すものである。   The present invention is a method for inspecting the tightness of a joint portion of a waterproof material, wherein a vent hole forming member is installed along the end portion of the joint portion of the waterproof material, and the vent hole forming member is included. By forming a vent hole that is covered with a covering material and connected to the joint, and pressure gas is supplied to the vent hole so that the inside of the vent hole is in a predetermined pressure state, and pressure fluctuations in the vent hole are detected. It is characterized by inspecting the tightness of the joint. Here, the tightness means water tightness and air tightness.

また、本発明は、前記被覆材を被覆して前記通気孔を形成した後、前記被覆材の変位を防止する押え板を前記被覆材に当接させつつ設置して、前記通気孔内を所定の圧力状態とすることが望ましい。   According to the present invention, after the covering material is coated to form the vent hole, a presser plate that prevents displacement of the covering material is installed in contact with the covering material, and the inside of the vent hole is predetermined. It is desirable to be in the pressure state.

さらに、本発明は、防水材の接合部の密性を検査する方法であって、予め前記防水材の接合部に沿うように通気孔形成部材を設置しておき、該通気孔形成部材を内包しつつ前記防水材を設置して前記接合部と繋がる通気孔を形成し、該通気孔に圧力気体を供給して前記通気孔内を所定の圧力状態とし、該通気孔内の圧力変動を検知することで前記接合部の密性を検査することを特徴とする。   Furthermore, the present invention is a method for inspecting the tightness of a joint portion of a waterproof material, wherein a vent hole forming member is installed in advance along the joint portion of the waterproof material, and the vent hole forming member is included. However, the waterproof material is installed to form a vent hole connected to the joint, and pressure gas is supplied to the vent hole so that the inside of the vent hole is in a predetermined pressure state, and pressure fluctuations in the vent hole are detected. In this way, the density of the joint is inspected.

本発明の防水材の密性検査方法によれば、通気孔形成部材と被覆材とによって、防水材の接合部分の端部に沿い接合部と繋がる通気孔を形成することができ、この通気孔を所定の圧力状態として通気孔内の圧力変動を検知するという簡易な方法で、防水材の接合部の密性を検査することができる。このため、防水シートに予め溝を形成することなく密性を検査することができるとともに、塗膜型の防水材に対しても同様に端部に沿う通気孔を形成して接合部の密性を検査することが可能である。   According to the method for inspecting the tightness of a waterproof material of the present invention, a vent hole connected to the joint portion along the end of the joint portion of the waterproof material can be formed by the vent hole forming member and the covering material. It is possible to inspect the tightness of the joint portion of the waterproof material by a simple method of detecting the pressure fluctuation in the vent hole under the predetermined pressure state. For this reason, it is possible to inspect the waterproof sheet without forming a groove in advance, and to form a vent hole along the end portion of the waterproof material of the coating film type in the same way to form a tight joint. Can be inspected.

また、本発明の防水材の密性検査方法においては、押え板を被覆材に当接させつつ設置することで、通気孔を形成する被覆材の弾性変形などの変位により通気孔内の圧力低下が生じることを防止でき、これにより、確実に通気孔内の圧力変動を検知して接合部の密性を検査することが可能となる。   Further, in the method for inspecting the waterproof material according to the present invention, the pressure in the ventilation hole is reduced by the displacement of the covering material forming the ventilation hole by disposing the holding plate in contact with the covering material. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of the occurrence of pressure, and thus it is possible to inspect the tightness of the joint by reliably detecting the pressure fluctuation in the vent hole.

さらに、本発明の防水材の密性検査方法によれば、予め防水材の接合部に沿うように通気孔形成部材を設置して防水材を設置することにより通気孔を形成することができ、この通気孔を所定の圧力状態として通気孔内の圧力変動を検知するという簡易な方法で、防水材の接合部の密性を検査することができる。このため、防水シートに予め溝を形成することなく密性を検査することができるとともに、塗膜型の防水材に対しても同様の方法で検査を行うことが可能となる。   Furthermore, according to the method for inspecting the waterproof material according to the present invention, the vent hole can be formed by installing the vent hole forming member in advance along the joint portion of the waterproof material and installing the waterproof material. It is possible to inspect the tightness of the joint portion of the waterproof material by a simple method of detecting the pressure fluctuation in the vent hole with the vent hole in a predetermined pressure state. For this reason, while being able to test | inspect denseness, without forming a groove | channel previously in a waterproof sheet, it also becomes possible to test | inspect with respect to a coating-film type waterproof material by the same method.

以下、図１から図７を参照し、本発明の第1実施形態に係る防水材の密性検査方法について説明する。本実施形態は、例えばＳＭＷ工法などを用いて地盤に構築された、ソイルセメントとＨ形鋼（芯材）とからなる土留め壁に敷設された防水材の水密性を検査する方法に関し、特にＨ形鋼のフランジ部と防水材との接合部の水密性を検査する方法に関するものである。   Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 7, a waterproof material tightness inspection method according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. The present embodiment relates to a method for inspecting the water tightness of a waterproof material laid on a soil retaining wall made of soil cement and H-shaped steel (core material), which is constructed on the ground using, for example, an SMW method. The present invention relates to a method for inspecting the water tightness of the joint between the flange portion of H-shaped steel and a waterproof material.

図１は、例えばＳＭＷ工法によって構築され、Ｈ形鋼１ａのフランジ部１ｂが露出形成された土留め壁１を示したものである。この土留め壁１は、断面Ｈ形で例えば幅Ｂが２００ｍｍ、高さＨが５００ｍｍのＨ形鋼１ａが芯材として用いられ、複数のＨ形鋼１ａが例えば５００ｍｍの等間隔で並設されている。各Ｈ形鋼１ａの間には、現地土にセメントスラリー（例えば、セメントとベントナイトと水の混合液体）が混合されて固結したソイルセメント１ｃが設けられており、複数のＨ形鋼１ａとソイルセメント１ｃとが一体形成されて周辺地盤を安定的に支持するものとされている。また、Ｈ形鋼１ａには、露出されたフランジ部１ｂの幅Ｂ方向略中央に、フランジ部１ｂの上面（露出面）に直交しつつ軸線Ｏ１に沿って複数のスタッドジベル１ｄが並設されている。このスタッドジベル１ｄは、例えば外径１６ｍｍの略円柱棒状に形成されて前記軸線Ｏ１方向に適切な間隔で設置され、後工程で土留め壁１に沿って形成されるコンクリート躯体と、Ｈ形鋼１ａとを一体化するための連結部材とされている。   FIG. 1 shows a retaining wall 1 constructed by, for example, the SMW method and having an exposed flange portion 1b of an H-section steel 1a. The earth retaining wall 1 has an H-shaped cross section, for example, an H-shaped steel 1a having a width B of 200 mm and a height H of 500 mm is used as a core material, and a plurality of H-shaped steels 1a are arranged in parallel at equal intervals of, for example, 500 mm. ing. Between each H-section steel 1a, there is provided a soil cement 1c in which cement slurry (for example, a mixed liquid of cement, bentonite and water) is mixed and consolidated in the local soil, and a plurality of H-section steels 1a and The soil cement 1c is integrally formed to stably support the surrounding ground. Further, in the H-shaped steel 1a, a plurality of stud dowels 1d are arranged in parallel along the axis O1 while being orthogonal to the upper surface (exposed surface) of the flange portion 1b at the approximate center in the width B direction of the exposed flange portion 1b. ing. The stud gibber 1d is formed in a substantially cylindrical rod shape having an outer diameter of 16 mm, for example, and is installed at an appropriate interval in the direction of the axis O1, and is formed along the retaining wall 1 in a later process, and an H-shaped steel. It is set as the connection member for integrating 1a.

土留め壁１の表面に設置され、後工程で構築されるコンクリート躯体と土留め壁１から漏出する地下水（水）とを非接触状態に保持する防水材２は、図２および図５に示すように、改質アスファルト系で、例えばその厚さが３．２ｍｍのシート状に形成されており、隣り合うＨ形鋼１ａにそれぞれ接着されている。この防水材２は、Ｈ形鋼１ａの軸線Ｏ１に沿う両側端２ａ側が、隣り合うＨ形鋼１ａのそれぞれのフランジ部１ｂの上面に接着されて土留め壁１のソイルセメント１ｃ表面を被覆するように形成されている。ここで、防水材２の側端２ａ側とフランジ部１ｂとの接着界面が接合部４とされている。一方、防水材２が接着されないソイルセメント１ｃ部分には、ソイルセメント１ｃと防水材２との間に不織布３が設けられている。この不織布３は、防水材２の敷設前に設置されるもので、ソイルセメント１ｃを通じて土留め壁１の表面に漏出した地下水を下方に導水するものとされている。   A waterproofing material 2 that is installed on the surface of the retaining wall 1 and holds the concrete frame constructed in a later process and the groundwater (water) leaking from the retaining wall 1 in a non-contact state is shown in FIGS. 2 and 5. Thus, it is a modified asphalt type, for example, formed in a sheet shape having a thickness of 3.2 mm, and is bonded to the adjacent H-section steel 1a. In this waterproof material 2, both side ends 2a along the axis O1 of the H-section steel 1a are bonded to the upper surface of each flange portion 1b of the adjacent H-section steel 1a to cover the soil cement 1c surface of the retaining wall 1. It is formed as follows. Here, the bonding interface between the side end 2 a side of the waterproof material 2 and the flange portion 1 b is the joint portion 4. On the other hand, the nonwoven fabric 3 is provided between the soil cement 1c and the waterproof material 2 in the soil cement 1c portion to which the waterproof material 2 is not bonded. This non-woven fabric 3 is installed before the waterproofing material 2 is laid, and guides the groundwater leaked to the surface of the earth retaining wall 1 through the soil cement 1c downward.

このように形成された防水材２の接合部４の水密性を検査する手法として、本実施形態では、図３および図５に示すように、はじめに、防水材２の接合部分の側端（端部）２ａの外方の側近に、防水材２の側端２ａに直交する一端２ｂから他端２ｃまでの長さよりも短く形成された複数の繊維からなる紐（通気孔形成部材）５を、この側端２ａに沿って設置する。ついで、図４および図５に示すように、防水材２の側端２ａ側の表面から防水材２の側端２ａの外側方に位置するフランジ部１ｂの上面までの範囲に、紐５が被覆されて内包されるよう、一面が粘着性を有するラップテープ（被覆材）６を強固に接着する。これにより、紐５が設置された側端２ａの側近部分には、ラップテープ６とフランジ部１ｂとによって、防水材２の側端２ａに沿う紐５の形状に略等しく形成され、且つ防水材２とフランジ部１ｂとの接合部４と繋がる通気孔８が画成される。このとき、ラップテープ６は、紐５の長さよりも大きな長さを有するものとされ、ラップテープ５とフランジ部１ｂとが接着されることで、通気孔８の前記軸線Ｏ１方向の先端８ａ側と後端８ｂ側とが閉塞状態とされる。   As a method for inspecting the water tightness of the joint portion 4 of the waterproof material 2 formed in this way, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, first, as shown in FIGS. Part) Near the outer side of 2a, a string (vent hole forming member) 5 made of a plurality of fibers formed shorter than the length from one end 2b to the other end 2c orthogonal to the side end 2a of the waterproof material 2, It installs along this side end 2a. Next, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the cord 5 covers the range from the surface on the side end 2 a side of the waterproof material 2 to the upper surface of the flange portion 1 b located on the outer side of the side end 2 a of the waterproof material 2. Then, a wrap tape (covering material) 6 having a sticky surface is firmly adhered so as to be included. Thereby, in the part near the side end 2a where the string 5 is installed, the wrap tape 6 and the flange portion 1b are formed substantially equal to the shape of the string 5 along the side end 2a of the waterproof material 2, and the waterproof material. A vent hole 8 connected to the joint 4 between the flange 2 and the flange 1b is defined. At this time, the wrap tape 6 has a length larger than the length of the string 5, and the wrap tape 5 and the flange portion 1b are bonded to each other, so that the end 8a side of the vent hole 8 in the direction of the axis O1. And the rear end 8b side are closed.

ついで、図５に示すように、通気孔８の先端８ａもしくは後端８ｂ側のどちらか一端８ｂ側から、ラップテープ６を貫通させて通気孔８内に通気管９の一端９ａを挿入しつつ、通気管９とラップテープ６との隙間を埋める。この通気管９の他端９ｂ側には、圧力計測手段１０と、バルブ１１と、例えばエアポンプなどの圧力気体吐出手段１２とが、一端９ａから他端９ｂに向けてこの順に接続されている。   Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the one end 9 a of the vent pipe 9 is inserted into the vent hole 8 through the wrap tape 6 from either the front end 8 a or the rear end 8 b side of the vent hole 8. The gap between the vent pipe 9 and the wrap tape 6 is filled. On the other end 9b side of the vent pipe 9, a pressure measuring means 10, a valve 11, and a pressure gas discharge means 12 such as an air pump are connected in this order from one end 9a to the other end 9b.

ついで、図６から図７に示すように、例えば透明のアクリル樹脂で矩形板状に形成された押え板１３を、例えばスタッドジベル１ｄや別途フランジ部１ｂの上面に植設したボルトなどで支持させつつラップテープ６の上面に当接させて設置する。この押え板１３は、通気孔８に圧力気体が供給されてラップテープ６が変位することを防止するためのものとされている。また、押え板１３は、ラップテープ６のフランジ部１ｂとの接着部分と押え板１３との間に補助部材１４を介在させつつ設置され、この補助部材１４が押え板１３で押圧されることによりラップテープ６とフランジ部１ｂとの接着部分の気密性が確保される。ここで、押え板１３の透明とは、設置した段階で、押え板１３の下方に配されたラップテープ６や防水材２を目視確認可能な程度の透明性を示すものとされる。この押え板１３を設置した段階で、防水材２の接合部４の密性を検査する準備が完了する。   Next, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 7, for example, a holding plate 13 formed in a rectangular plate shape with, for example, a transparent acrylic resin is supported by, for example, a stud gibber 1d or a bolt or the like separately planted on the upper surface of the flange portion 1b. While being in contact with the upper surface of the wrap tape 6, it is installed. The pressing plate 13 is used to prevent the wrap tape 6 from being displaced due to the pressure gas being supplied to the vent hole 8. Further, the presser plate 13 is installed with an auxiliary member 14 interposed between the adhesive portion of the wrap tape 6 and the flange portion 1 b and the presser plate 13, and the auxiliary member 14 is pressed by the presser plate 13. The airtightness of the bonding portion between the wrap tape 6 and the flange portion 1b is ensured. Here, the transparency of the presser plate 13 indicates transparency that allows visual confirmation of the wrap tape 6 and the waterproofing material 2 disposed below the presser plate 13 at the stage of installation. At the stage where the presser plate 13 is installed, preparation for inspecting the tightness of the joint 4 of the waterproof material 2 is completed.

ついで、通気管９に接続された圧力気体吐出手段１２を駆動させるとともに、バルブ１１を開放し通気孔８内に圧力気体を供給する。このとき、紐５が複数の繊維で形成されていることにより、この紐５で画成された通気孔８内に各繊維の間を通じて万遍なく圧力気体が供給される。ついで、圧力気体を供給した段階で、略透明とされた押え板１３を介して、圧力が付加されたラップテープ６や防水材２に異常な変位が生じていないことを確認する。ラップテープ６や防水材２に異常がないことを確認し、圧力計測手段１０の表示値（通気孔８内の圧力）が所定の圧力を示して安定した段階で、バルブ１１を閉じ、通気孔８を所定の圧力状態で保持する。この段階から、圧力計測手段１０で通気孔８内の圧力を確認しつづけ、圧力が低下するか否かを確認する。例えば、所定の圧力を０．０５〜０．１５ＭＰａと設定し、この所定圧力に対して２０％以上の圧力低下が生じた場合には、防水材２とフランジ部１ｂとの接合部４の水密性が確保されていないものと判断され、この接合部４を再接着する手直しが施される。一方、圧力低下が認められない、もしくは所定の圧力に対して圧力低下が２０％未満の場合には、接合部４の水密性が十分に確保されているものと判断される。   Next, the pressure gas discharge means 12 connected to the vent pipe 9 is driven, and the valve 11 is opened to supply the pressure gas into the vent hole 8. At this time, since the string 5 is formed of a plurality of fibers, the pressure gas is uniformly supplied to the air holes 8 defined by the string 5 between the fibers. Next, at the stage where the pressure gas is supplied, it is confirmed that no abnormal displacement occurs in the wrap tape 6 or the waterproof material 2 to which pressure is applied via the presser plate 13 which is substantially transparent. When it is confirmed that there is no abnormality in the wrap tape 6 and the waterproofing material 2 and the display value of the pressure measuring means 10 (pressure in the vent hole 8) shows a predetermined pressure and is stabilized, the valve 11 is closed and the vent hole is closed. 8 is held in a predetermined pressure state. From this stage, the pressure measuring means 10 continues to check the pressure in the vent hole 8 to check whether the pressure decreases. For example, when the predetermined pressure is set to 0.05 to 0.15 MPa and a pressure drop of 20% or more occurs with respect to the predetermined pressure, the watertightness of the joint portion 4 between the waterproof material 2 and the flange portion 1b. It is determined that the property is not ensured, and a rework for re-bonding the joint 4 is performed. On the other hand, when the pressure drop is not recognized or the pressure drop is less than 20% with respect to the predetermined pressure, it is determined that the water tightness of the joint 4 is sufficiently ensured.

したがって、上記の防水材２の密性検査方法においては、防水材２の接着部分の側端２ａに沿って紐５を設置しつつラップテープ６を被覆することで、防水材２とフランジ部１ｂとの接合部４と繋がる通気孔８を形成することができ、この通気孔８内を所定の圧力としその圧力変動を確認することによって、接合部４の密性を検査することが可能となる。これにより、簡便に防水材２の接合部４の密性検査を行なうことが可能となる。また、本実施形態においては、水密性が確保されていない接合部４をコンクリート躯体が構築される前に手直しすることが可能となる。   Therefore, in the method for checking the tightness of the waterproof material 2, the waterproof material 2 and the flange portion 1b are covered by covering the wrap tape 6 while installing the string 5 along the side edge 2a of the bonded portion of the waterproof material 2. A vent hole 8 connected to the joint portion 4 can be formed, and the inside of the vent hole 8 is set to a predetermined pressure, and by checking the pressure fluctuation, the tightness of the joint portion 4 can be inspected. . As a result, it is possible to easily perform the tightness inspection of the joint portion 4 of the waterproof material 2. Moreover, in this embodiment, it becomes possible to rework the junction part 4 in which watertightness is not ensured, before a concrete frame is constructed.

さらに、ラップテープ６を押え板１３で押圧することで、圧力気体が供給された通気孔８の内容積が、例えばラップテープ６の弾性変形が生じて大きく変化し通気孔８内の圧力が接合部４の密性以外の要因で変動することを防止できる。さらに、押え板１３が透明板とされていることによって、通気孔８内に圧力を付加した際に、ラップテープ６や防水材２の異常な変位を、押え板１３を介して目視確認することができる。これにより、接合部４の密性を正確に検査することが可能となる。   Further, when the wrap tape 6 is pressed by the presser plate 13, the inner volume of the vent hole 8 to which the pressure gas is supplied changes greatly due to, for example, elastic deformation of the wrap tape 6, and the pressure in the vent hole 8 is joined. Fluctuation due to factors other than the density of the part 4 can be prevented. Further, since the presser plate 13 is a transparent plate, abnormal pressure displacement of the wrap tape 6 and the waterproof material 2 can be visually confirmed through the presser plate 13 when pressure is applied to the vent hole 8. Can do. Thereby, it becomes possible to test | inspect the density of the junction part 4 correctly.

以上、本発明に係る防水材の密性検査方法の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記の第１実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更可能である。例えば、上記の実施形態では、通気孔形成部材５が複数の繊維からなる紐であるものとして説明を行なったが、通気孔８を画成することが可能で圧力気体を供給した際に通気孔８内に万遍なく圧力気体を供給可能であれば、その材質や形状が限定される必要はなく、例えばストローなどのフレキシブルな円筒部材であってもよいものである。また、土留め壁１のＨ形鋼（芯材）１ａのフランジ部１ｂに防水材２が固着され、この接合部４の水密性を検査するものとして説明を行なったが、本発明は、例えば防水材２と防水材２との接合部４の水密性を検査することに適用されてもよく、水密性に限らず気密性を検査することに適用されてもよいものである。さらに、本実施形態では、土留め壁１に設置される防水材２に対して、その接合部４の水密性を検査するものとして説明を行なったが、例えばトンネルの覆工コンクリートやボックスカルバートなどの背面に設けられる防水シートや、廃棄物最終処分場の遮水シートの水密性の検査に適用されてもよいものである。また、押え板１３が透明のアクリル製であるものとしたが、例えば不透明の塩化ビニル製であってもよく、特にその材質が限定される必要はない。しかし、透明なものの方が検査で圧力をかけた時の防水材２の表面の変状等が確認しやすいメリットがある。さらに、本実施形態では、防水材２が改質アスファルト系の防水シートであるものとしたが、例えばエチレン酢酸ビニル（ＥＶＡ）系やスチレンブタジエンゴム（ＳＢＲ）系などの防水シートに適用することも可能で、特に防水材の材質が限定される必要はない。加えて、塗膜防水材に対しても、本実施形態で示したものと同様の手法を用いることで、接合部４の密性を確認することが可能である。   As mentioned above, although one embodiment of the method for inspecting the tightness of the waterproof material according to the present invention has been described, the present invention is not limited to the first embodiment described above, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist thereof. is there. For example, in the above embodiment, the vent hole forming member 5 has been described as a string made of a plurality of fibers. However, the vent hole 8 can be defined and the vent hole can be formed when pressure gas is supplied. As long as the pressure gas can be supplied uniformly into the inside, the material and the shape need not be limited. For example, a flexible cylindrical member such as a straw may be used. Further, the waterproof material 2 is fixed to the flange portion 1b of the H-shaped steel (core material) 1a of the earth retaining wall 1 and the watertightness of the joint portion 4 is inspected. The present invention may be applied to inspecting the water tightness of the joint portion 4 between the waterproof material 2 and the waterproof material 2, and may be applied not only to the water tightness but also to the air tightness inspection. Furthermore, in this embodiment, although demonstrated as what inspects the watertightness of the junction part 4 with respect to the waterproofing material 2 installed in the retaining wall 1, for example, tunnel lining concrete, a box culvert, etc. It may be applied to the watertightness inspection of the waterproof sheet provided on the back surface of the water and the water shielding sheet of the waste final disposal site. Further, although the presser plate 13 is made of transparent acrylic, it may be made of opaque vinyl chloride, for example, and the material is not particularly limited. However, the transparent one has an advantage that it is easy to confirm the deformation of the surface of the waterproof material 2 when pressure is applied in the inspection. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the waterproof material 2 is a modified asphalt-based waterproof sheet. However, the waterproof material 2 may be applied to a waterproof sheet such as an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) system or a styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) system. It is possible, and the material of the waterproof material is not particularly limited. In addition, it is possible to confirm the tightness of the joint 4 by using the same technique as that shown in the present embodiment for the waterproof coating material.

なお、本発明の第１の実施形態の変形として、図８から図９に示すように、防水材２が、Ｈ形鋼１ａのフランジ部１ｂに十分な接着幅を持ってスタッドジベル１ｄ付近まで接着できる場合は、フランジ部１ｂと防水材２との接着面のほぼ中間位置のフランジ部１ｂに紐５を取り付けてから、防水材２をフランジ部１ｂに接着することでもよい。この場合、ラップテープ６は必要ないが、紐５に内包されているところは防水材２が若干盛り上がるので、紐５を挟んで両側に補助部材１４を介在させて、押え板１３を設置すればよい。後は、前記第１実施形態と同じ方法で検査を行う。   As a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 9, the waterproof material 2 has a sufficient bonding width to the flange portion 1b of the H-section steel 1a to the vicinity of the stud gibber 1d. If it can be bonded, the waterproof material 2 may be bonded to the flange portion 1b after the string 5 is attached to the flange portion 1b at a substantially intermediate position between the bonding surfaces of the flange portion 1b and the waterproof material 2. In this case, the wrap tape 6 is not necessary, but the waterproofing material 2 is slightly raised where it is enclosed in the string 5, so if the holding plate 13 is installed with the auxiliary members 14 interposed on both sides of the string 5. Good. Thereafter, the inspection is performed by the same method as in the first embodiment.

ついで、図１０から図１１を参照し、本発明の第２実施形態に係る防水材の密性検査方法について説明する。   Next, with reference to FIG. 10 to FIG. 11, a waterproof material tightness inspection method according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

本発明の第２実施形態は、第１実施形態と同様、土留め壁から漏出する地下水（水）を遮断する防水材の接合部の水密性を検査する方法に関するものである。ここで、本実施形態では、第１実施形態と同様の構成について同一符号を付し、その詳細な説明を省略する。   As in the first embodiment, the second embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for inspecting the watertightness of a joint portion of a waterproof material that blocks groundwater (water) leaking from a retaining wall. Here, in this embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the structure similar to 1st Embodiment, and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

本実施形態の土留め壁１に設置される防水材２は、ゴムアスファルト系の塗膜型の防水材（塗膜防水材）で、土留め壁１の露出されたソイルセメント１ｃとＨ形鋼１ａのフランジ部１ｂに下地調整材を吹き付けた後、塗膜防水材を吹き付け塗布して防水層を形成するものである。   The waterproof material 2 installed on the earth retaining wall 1 of the present embodiment is a rubber asphalt type paint film type waterproofing material (film waterproofing material), and the soil cement 1c and H-shaped steel with the earth retaining wall 1 exposed. After spraying an undercoat conditioning material on the flange portion 1b of 1a, a waterproofing layer is formed by spraying and applying a waterproof coating material.

この防水材２の水密性を検査する手法として、本実施形態では、図１０に示すように、防水材２を塗布する前の段階で、防水材２の接合部４に沿うようにフランジ部１ｂに紐（通気孔形成部材）５を設置し、この紐５が被覆されるように、防水材２の塗布を行なう。これにより、紐５が設置された部分に、紐５の形状に等しく防水材２とフランジ部１ｂとの接合部４と繋がる通気孔８が形成される。   As a method for inspecting the water tightness of the waterproof material 2, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the flange portion 1 b extends along the joint 4 of the waterproof material 2 at a stage before the waterproof material 2 is applied. A string (ventilation hole forming member) 5 is installed on the surface, and the waterproof material 2 is applied so that the string 5 is covered. Thereby, the vent hole 8 connected with the junction part 4 of the waterproof material 2 and the flange part 1b is formed in the part in which the string 5 was installed equally in the shape of the string 5. FIG.

このように形成された通気孔８の一端８ｂ側に、図１０から図１１に示すように、防水材２を貫通させつつ通気管９を挿入し、その隙間を埋めて、押え板１３を防水材２に当接させた状態で設置する。この押え板１３を設置した段階で、防水材２の接合部４の水密性を検査する準備が完了する。   As shown in FIGS. 10 to 11, the ventilation pipe 9 is inserted into the one end 8 b side of the ventilation hole 8 formed in this way while penetrating the waterproofing material 2, and the gap is filled to waterproof the holding plate 13. Installed in contact with the material 2. At the stage where the pressing plate 13 is installed, preparations for inspecting the water tightness of the joint portion 4 of the waterproof material 2 are completed.

ついで、通気管９に接続された圧力気体吐出手段１２を駆動させるとともに、バルブ１１を開放し通気孔８内に圧力気体を供給して、通気孔８内を所定の圧力で気密状態に保持する。この段階から、圧力計測手段１０の表示値を確認しつづけ、圧力が低下するか否かを確認する。   Subsequently, the pressure gas discharge means 12 connected to the vent pipe 9 is driven, the valve 11 is opened, and the pressure gas is supplied into the vent hole 8 to keep the vent hole 8 in an airtight state with a predetermined pressure. . From this stage, the display value of the pressure measuring means 10 is continuously checked to check whether or not the pressure decreases.

したがって、上記の防水材の密性検査方法においては、予め防水材２の接合部４に沿うように紐５を設置し、この紐５を被覆するように防水材２を塗布することによって、接合部４と繋がる通気孔８を形成することができる。よって、この通気孔８を所定の圧力状態としてその圧力変動を確認することで、接合部４の水密性を検査することが可能となる。   Therefore, in the method for inspecting the tightness of the waterproof material, the cord 5 is previously installed along the joint portion 4 of the waterproof material 2, and the waterproof material 2 is applied so as to cover the cord 5. A vent hole 8 connected to the portion 4 can be formed. Therefore, it is possible to inspect the water tightness of the joint portion 4 by checking the pressure fluctuation with the vent hole 8 in a predetermined pressure state.

以上、本発明に係る防水材の密性検査方法の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記の第２実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更可能である。例えば、上記の実施形態では、第１実施形態と同様に、通気孔形成部材５が紐であるものとして説明を行なったがこれに限定される必要はない。また、防水材２がゴムアスファルト系であるものとしたが、例えばシリコン系やエポキシ系、ＳＢＲ系などの防水材でもよく、特に防水材の材質が限定されるものではない。また、本実施形態と同様の手法を用い、設置した通気孔形成部材５を内包するようにシート状の防水材を設置して通気孔８を形成し、接合部４の密性が検査されてもよいものである。   As mentioned above, although one embodiment of the method for inspecting the density of the waterproof material according to the present invention has been described, the present invention is not limited to the second embodiment described above, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist thereof. is there. For example, in the above embodiment, the vent hole forming member 5 is described as a string as in the first embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this. Although the waterproof material 2 is a rubber asphalt type, it may be a waterproof material such as a silicon type, an epoxy type, or an SBR type, and the material of the waterproof material is not particularly limited. Further, using a method similar to that of the present embodiment, a sheet-like waterproof material is installed so as to enclose the installed ventilation hole forming member 5 to form the ventilation hole 8, and the tightness of the joint portion 4 is inspected. Is also good.

例えばＳＭＷ工法などで構築された土留め壁の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the earth retaining wall constructed | assembled by the SMW construction method etc., for example. 図１の土留め壁に防水材を敷設した状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the state which laid the waterproofing material in the earth retaining wall of FIG. 本発明の第１実施形態に係る防水材の密性検査方法で用いる通気孔形成部材（紐）を設置した状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the state which installed the vent-hole formation member (string) used with the density inspection method of the waterproofing material which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１実施形態に係る防水材の密性検査方法で用いる被覆材（ラップテープ）を設置することによって通気孔を画成した状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the state which defined the air vent by installing the coating | covering material (wrap tape) used with the waterproofness density inspection method concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第１実施形態に係る防水材の密性検査方法において、通気孔に通気管を設置した状態を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the state which installed the ventilation pipe | tube in the ventilation hole in the denseness inspection method of the waterproof material which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１実施形態に係る防水材の密性検査方法において、押え板を設置した状態を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the state which installed the presser board in the density inspection method of the waterproof material which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１実施形態に係る防水材の密性確認方法において、押え板を設置した状態を示す断面図である。In the waterproof material density confirmation method according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 本発明の第１実施形態に係る防水材の密性検査方法において、被覆材を用いずに検査する方法を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the method to test | inspect without using a coating | covering material in the denseness test | inspection method of the waterproofing material which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１実施形態に係る防水材の密性検査方法において、被覆材を用いずに検査する方法を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the method to test | inspect without using a coating | covering material in the denseness inspection method of the waterproof material which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２実施形態に係る防水材の密性検査方法において、図１の土留め壁に塗膜型の防水材を敷設し通気孔を画成した状態を示す断面図である。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a waterproof coating material is laid on the earth retaining wall of FIG. 1 to define a vent hole in the waterproof material density inspection method according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第２実施形態に係る防水材の密性検査方法において、通気管および押え板を設置した状態を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the state which installed the vent pipe and the presser plate in the denseness inspection method of the waterproof material which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 土留め壁
１ａ Ｈ形鋼（芯材）
１ｂ フランジ部
１ｃ ソイルセメント
１ｄ スタッドジベル
２ 防水材
２ａ 側端（端部）
２ｂ 一端
２ｃ 他端
３ 不織布
４ 接合部
５ 紐（通気孔形成部材）
６ ラップテープ（被覆材）
８ 通気孔
８ａ 先端
８ｂ 後端
９ 通気管
９ａ 一端
９ｂ 他端
１０ 圧力計測手段
１１ バルブ
１２ 圧力気体吐出手段
１３ 押え板
１４ 補助部材

1 Earth retaining wall 1a H-section steel (core material)
1b Flange 1c Soil Cement 1d Stud Givele 2 Waterproof Material 2a Side End (End)
2b One end 2c The other end 3 Non-woven fabric 4 Joining part 5 String (air-hole forming member)
6 Wrap tape (coating material)
8 Vent hole 8a Front end 8b Rear end 9 Vent pipe 9a One end 9b Other end 10 Pressure measuring means 11 Valve 12 Pressure gas discharging means 13 Press plate 14 Auxiliary member

Claims (3)

防水材の接合部の密性を検査する方法であって、
前記防水材の接合部分の端部に沿うように通気孔形成部材を設置し、該通気孔形成部材を内包しつつ被覆材で被覆して前記接合部と繋がる通気孔を形成し、該通気孔に圧力気体を供給して前記通気孔内を所定の圧力状態とし、該通気孔内の圧力変動を検知することで前記接合部の密性を検査することを特徴とする防水材の密性検査方法。 A method for inspecting the tightness of a joint portion of a waterproof material,
A vent hole forming member is installed along the end of the joint portion of the waterproof material, and the vent hole is formed by covering with the covering material while enclosing the vent hole forming member and connecting to the joint portion. A tightness test of a waterproof material characterized in that a pressure gas is supplied to the inside of the vent hole so that the inside of the vent hole is in a predetermined pressure state, and a pressure variation in the vent hole is detected to check the tightness of the joint portion Method. 請求項１記載の防水材の密性検査方法において、
前記被覆材を被覆して前記通気孔を形成した後、前記被覆材の変位を防止する押え板を前記被覆材に当接させつつ設置して、前記通気孔内を所定の圧力状態とすることを特徴とする防水材の密性検査方法。 The method for inspecting a waterproof material according to claim 1,
After the covering material is coated to form the vent hole, a presser plate that prevents displacement of the covering material is placed in contact with the covering material, and the inside of the vent hole is brought to a predetermined pressure state. A method for inspecting the density of waterproofing materials. 防水材の接合部の密性を検査する方法であって、
予め前記防水材の接合部に沿うように通気孔形成部材を設置しておき、該通気孔形成部材を内包しつつ前記防水材を設置して前記接合部と繋がる通気孔を形成し、該通気孔に圧力気体を供給して前記通気孔内を所定の圧力状態とし、該通気孔内の圧力変動を検知することで前記接合部の密性を検査することを特徴とする防水材の密性検査方法。

A method for inspecting the tightness of a joint portion of a waterproof material,
A vent hole forming member is installed in advance along the joint portion of the waterproof material, and the waterproof material is installed while enclosing the vent hole forming member to form a vent hole connected to the joint portion. A tightness of the waterproof material characterized by supplying pressure gas to the pores to bring the inside of the vent hole into a predetermined pressure state and detecting the pressure fluctuation in the vent hole to check the tightness of the joint portion Inspection method.

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