JP2006266262A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine Download PDF

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JP2006266262A
JP2006266262A JP2006067663A JP2006067663A JP2006266262A JP 2006266262 A JP2006266262 A JP 2006266262A JP 2006067663 A JP2006067663 A JP 2006067663A JP 2006067663 A JP2006067663 A JP 2006067663A JP 2006266262 A JP2006266262 A JP 2006266262A
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engine
supercharger
internal combustion
high pressure
low pressure
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Peter Eilts
アイルツ ペーター
Georg Wachtmeister
ヴァハトマイスター ゲオルク
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MAN B&W Diesel GmbH
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MAN B&W Diesel GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/013—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust with exhaust-driven pumps arranged in series
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/59—Responders; Transponders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/004—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust with exhaust drives arranged in series
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
    • H03G3/20—Automatic control
    • H03G3/30—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
    • H03G3/3036—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices in high-frequency amplifiers or in frequency-changers
    • H03G3/3042—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices in high-frequency amplifiers or in frequency-changers in modulators, frequency-changers, transmitters or power amplifiers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an internal combustion engine improved to give no disadvantageous effects to the strength and vibration behavior of the internal combustion engine without the need for a large space in assembling a supercharging device, comprising an engine 11 and at least the two-stage exhaust driven supercharging device consisting of high and low pressure superchargers 12, 13, the high pressure supercharger having a high pressure turbine 14 for expanding exhaust gas from the engine, a high pressure compressor 15 for compressing a combustion air flow to be supplied to the engine, and an intercooler 16 provided between the compressor and the engine, the low pressure supercharger having a low pressure turbine 17 for re-expanding an exhaust gas flow from the high pressure turbine, a low pressure compressor 18 for compressing a combustion air flow to be supplied to the high pressure compressor, and an intercooler 19 provided between the low pressure compressor and the high pressure compressor. <P>SOLUTION: The low pressure supercharger is formed as a separate module. It is supported on a separate frame or mount so as to be separated from the engine. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は請求項１の前文に記載の内燃機関に関する。   The invention relates to an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

内燃機関の効率および出力を高めるべく、内燃機関に排気駆動過給装置を装備することは既に公知である。排気駆動過給装置の場合、エンジンから排出された排気ガスがタービンで膨張し、該タービンが圧縮機を駆動し、エンジンに供給すべき燃焼空気を圧縮機で圧縮する。圧縮した燃焼空気を所定の温度に冷却すべく、圧縮機とエンジンの間にインタークーラを設けている。かかるクーラによって、例えばディーゼル又はガソリンエンジンを含む内燃機関の効率を向上できる。   In order to increase the efficiency and output of an internal combustion engine, it is already known to equip an internal combustion engine with an exhaust drive supercharger. In the case of an exhaust drive supercharger, exhaust gas discharged from an engine is expanded by a turbine, the turbine drives a compressor, and combustion air to be supplied to the engine is compressed by the compressor. In order to cool the compressed combustion air to a predetermined temperature, an intercooler is provided between the compressor and the engine. Such coolers can improve the efficiency of internal combustion engines including, for example, diesel or gasoline engines.

タービン並びに圧縮機を持つ上述の単段式排気駆動過給装置は、実現可能な過給圧力並びに実現可能な効率に関してそれらの経済的限界に突き当たり、そのため内燃機関の効率と出力を一層高めるべく、多段式、特に２段式の排気駆動過給装置が実用化されている。該過給装置では、内燃機関のエンジンに高圧過給装置と低圧過給装置を付設している。高圧過給装置は、エンジンから出る排気ガス流を供給され膨張させる高圧タービンを備え、該タービンは高圧圧縮機を駆動し、該圧縮機はエンジンに供給すべき燃焼空気流を圧縮する。高圧圧縮機とエンジンとの間にはインタークーラを設けている。   The above-described single-stage exhaust-drive supercharger with a turbine and a compressor has reached their economic limits with respect to achievable supercharging pressure and achievable efficiency, and therefore to further increase the efficiency and output of the internal combustion engine, A multi-stage, particularly a two-stage exhaust drive supercharger has been put into practical use. In the supercharging device, a high-pressure supercharging device and a low-pressure supercharging device are attached to the engine of the internal combustion engine. The high pressure supercharger comprises a high pressure turbine that is supplied and expanded with an exhaust gas stream exiting the engine, which drives a high pressure compressor that compresses the combustion air stream to be supplied to the engine. An intercooler is provided between the high-pressure compressor and the engine.

低圧過給装置は、高圧タービンから出る排気ガス流を供給され膨張させる低圧タービンを有している。このタービンは低圧圧縮機を駆動し、該圧縮機は、エンジンに高圧圧縮機を介して供給すべき燃焼空気流を予圧縮する。低圧圧縮機と高圧圧縮機との間に、通常、別のインタークーラを設けている。   The low pressure supercharger has a low pressure turbine that is supplied and expanded with an exhaust gas stream leaving the high pressure turbine. This turbine drives a low-pressure compressor that precompresses the combustion air stream to be supplied to the engine via the high-pressure compressor. Usually, another intercooler is provided between the low-pressure compressor and the high-pressure compressor.

従って２段式排気駆動過給装置を備えた内燃機関の場合、内燃機関のエンジンに２つの過給装置、即ち高圧過給装置と低圧過給装置が付属している。これら両過給装置は、従来は両方ともエンジンに据え付けていた。各シリンダ列に別個の排気駆動過給装置を利用するＶ形構造のエンジンでは、２段式排気駆動過給装置は、エンジンに固定すべき過給装置の数が４台に増え、各シリンダ列に各々高圧過給装置と低圧過給装置を設けている。   Therefore, in the case of an internal combustion engine equipped with a two-stage exhaust drive supercharger, two superchargers, that is, a high pressure supercharger and a low pressure supercharger are attached to the engine of the internal combustion engine. Both of these turbochargers have been installed in the engine in the past. In a V-type engine using a separate exhaust drive supercharger for each cylinder row, the number of superchargers to be fixed to the engine is increased to four in the two-stage exhaust drive supercharger. Each is provided with a high-pressure supercharging device and a low-pressure supercharging device.

エンジンに固定ないし支持すべき過給装置の数が増大すると、過給装置の大きな所要空間のために取付上の問題を生ずる。更に内燃機関の強度と振動挙動に悪影響が生ずる。   As the number of supercharging devices to be fixed or supported on the engine increases, mounting problems arise due to the large required space of the supercharging devices. In addition, the strength and vibration behavior of the internal combustion engine are adversely affected.

本発明の課題は、上述の問題から出発して新しい内燃機関を提供することにある。   The object of the present invention is to provide a new internal combustion engine starting from the above-mentioned problems.

この課題は、請求項１記載の内燃機関によって解決される。本発明に基づき、低圧過給装置を別個のモジュールとして形成し、低圧過給装置を別個のフレームないし架台に支持することでエンジンから切り離す。   This problem is solved by the internal combustion engine according to claim 1. In accordance with the present invention, the low pressure supercharger is formed as a separate module and is separated from the engine by supporting the low pressure supercharger on a separate frame or cradle.

本発明では、少なくとも２段式の排気駆動過給装置を備えた内燃機関において、低圧過給装置を別個のモジュールとして形成し、低圧過給装置を別個のフレームないし架台で支持するようにしてエンジンから切り離す。かくして、内燃機関の強度と振動挙動が単段過給式内燃機関と変わらなくなる。低圧過給装置の取付けや組立における場所的問題は回避できる。低圧過給装置を別個のモジュールとして形成するので、単段式排気駆動過給装置付きの既存の内燃機関に、エンジンや高圧過給装置の構造を変更することなく、低圧過給装置を簡単に追加装備できる。   In the present invention, in an internal combustion engine provided with at least a two-stage exhaust drive supercharger, the low pressure supercharger is formed as a separate module, and the low pressure supercharger is supported by a separate frame or gantry. Disconnect from. Thus, the strength and vibration behavior of the internal combustion engine are no different from those of the single-stage supercharging internal combustion engine. Location problems in the installation and assembly of the low pressure supercharger can be avoided. Since the low-pressure supercharger is formed as a separate module, the low-pressure supercharger can be easily changed to an existing internal combustion engine with a single-stage exhaust-drive supercharger without changing the structure of the engine or the high-pressure supercharger. Can be equipped with additional equipment.

高圧過給装置をエンジンと共に共通のフレームや架台で支持し、その際、高圧過給装置とエンジンを特に１つのモジュールとして形成するとよい。   The high-pressure supercharger is supported by a common frame or gantry together with the engine, and at this time, the high-pressure supercharger and the engine are particularly preferably formed as one module.

従属請求項および以下の説明から、本発明の特に有利な実施態様を明らかにする。以下図を参照して本発明の実施例を説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。   Particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the dependent claims and the following description. Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

以下図１を参照し、本発明を詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

図１は、エンジン１１と、高圧過給装置１２および低圧過給装置１３から成る２段式排気駆動過給装置とを備えた本発明による内燃機関１０をブロック図で示す。   FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an internal combustion engine 10 according to the invention comprising an engine 11 and a two-stage exhaust drive supercharger comprising a high pressure supercharger 12 and a low pressure supercharger 13.

高圧過給装置１２は、高圧タービン１４と高圧圧縮機１５とインタークーラ１６とを備える。低圧過給装置１３は、低圧タービン１７と低圧圧縮機１８とインタークーラ１９とを有する。高圧過給装置１２のインタークーラ１６を、エンジン１１と高圧圧縮機１５との間に設け、低圧過給装置１３のインタークーラ１９を高圧圧縮機１５と低圧圧縮機１８との間に設けている。   The high pressure supercharging device 12 includes a high pressure turbine 14, a high pressure compressor 15, and an intercooler 16. The low pressure supercharger 13 includes a low pressure turbine 17, a low pressure compressor 18, and an intercooler 19. The intercooler 16 of the high pressure supercharger 12 is provided between the engine 11 and the high pressure compressor 15, and the intercooler 19 of the low pressure supercharger 13 is provided between the high pressure compressor 15 and the low pressure compressor 18. .

図１に示す内燃機関１０において、エンジン１１から出る排気ガス流２０は高圧タービン１４に供給され、該タービン１４内で膨張し、高圧タービン１４から出る排気ガス流は低圧タービン１７に再膨張するために供給される。そして２段階で膨張した排気ガス流２２は低圧タービン１７から出る。低圧タービン１７は低圧圧縮機１８を駆動し、高圧タービン１４は高圧圧縮機１５を駆動する。エンジン１１に供給すべき燃焼空気を２段階で過給すべく、低圧圧縮機１８に空気流２３が供給され、この空気流２３は低圧圧縮機１８で予圧縮される。低圧圧縮機１８から出る予圧縮された燃焼空気流２４はインタークーラ１９を介して導かれ、それから、高圧圧縮機１５に供給され、予圧縮済み燃焼空気流２４は高圧圧縮機１５において所望の過給圧力に圧縮される。圧縮された燃焼空気流２５は、高圧圧縮機１５からインタークーラ１６を介してエンジン１１に供給される。   In the internal combustion engine 10 shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust gas stream 20 exiting the engine 11 is supplied to the high pressure turbine 14 and expanded within the turbine 14, and the exhaust gas stream exiting the high pressure turbine 14 is reexpanded to the low pressure turbine 17. To be supplied. The exhaust gas stream 22 expanded in two stages exits the low pressure turbine 17. The low pressure turbine 17 drives the low pressure compressor 18, and the high pressure turbine 14 drives the high pressure compressor 15. In order to supercharge combustion air to be supplied to the engine 11 in two stages, an air flow 23 is supplied to the low-pressure compressor 18, and this air flow 23 is pre-compressed by the low-pressure compressor 18. The precompressed combustion air stream 24 leaving the low pressure compressor 18 is directed through an intercooler 19 and then fed to the high pressure compressor 15, where the precompressed combustion air stream 24 is passed through a desired excess in the high pressure compressor 15. Compressed to supply pressure. The compressed combustion air flow 25 is supplied to the engine 11 from the high pressure compressor 15 via the intercooler 16.

本発明は、低圧過給装置１３を別個のモジュールとして形成し、低圧過給装置１３を別個のフレーム又は架台で支持することでエンジン１１から切り離すことを特徴とする。   The present invention is characterized in that the low-pressure supercharger 13 is formed as a separate module, and the low-pressure supercharger 13 is separated from the engine 11 by being supported by a separate frame or mount.

好適な実施態様では、高圧過給装置１２とエンジン１１を共通のモジュールとして形成し、共通のフレームや架台で支持する。低圧過給装置１３はエンジン１１、従って高圧過給装置１２から切り離し、別個のフレームや架台で支持する。この結果、エンジン１１と高圧過給装置１２とから成るモジュールの強度と振動挙動は変わらない。また、エンジンと高圧過給装置とから成る既存の内燃機関は、エンジン１１と高圧過給装置１２の構造を変更する必要なしに、低圧過給装置によって補充ないし拡大できる。   In a preferred embodiment, the high-pressure supercharger 12 and the engine 11 are formed as a common module and supported by a common frame or gantry. The low-pressure supercharger 13 is separated from the engine 11, and thus the high-pressure supercharger 12, and is supported by a separate frame or gantry. As a result, the strength and vibration behavior of the module composed of the engine 11 and the high pressure supercharger 12 are not changed. Further, the existing internal combustion engine composed of the engine and the high pressure supercharger can be supplemented or expanded by the low pressure supercharger without having to change the structure of the engine 11 and the high pressure supercharger 12.

低圧過給装置１３を、高圧過給装置１２にたわみ接続管を介して接続している。そのため、低圧タービン１７を高圧タービン１４、低圧圧縮機１８を高圧圧縮機１５に各々たわみ接続管を介して接続している。高圧過給装置１２と低圧過給装置１３との間隔は任意に選定でき、好適には高圧過給装置１２と低圧過給装置１３との間の短い間隔、従って短い経路を選定する。   The low pressure supercharging device 13 is connected to the high pressure supercharging device 12 via a flexible connecting pipe. Therefore, the low-pressure turbine 17 is connected to the high-pressure turbine 14 and the low-pressure compressor 18 is connected to the high-pressure compressor 15 via flexible connection pipes. The interval between the high-pressure supercharger 12 and the low-pressure supercharger 13 can be arbitrarily selected, and preferably a short interval between the high-pressure supercharger 12 and the low-pressure supercharger 13 and therefore a short path is selected.

本発明に基づく内燃機関１０は、定置形内燃機関として適する。該内燃機関１０は、船舶駆動装置や他の車両駆動装置であってもよい。   The internal combustion engine 10 according to the present invention is suitable as a stationary internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine 10 may be a ship drive device or another vehicle drive device.

本発明に基づく内燃機関のブロック図。1 is a block diagram of an internal combustion engine according to the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０ 内燃機関、１１ エンジン、１２ 高圧過給装置、１３ 低圧過給装置、１４ 高圧タービン、１５ 高圧圧縮機、１６ インタークーラ、１７ 低圧タービン、１８ 低圧圧縮機、１９ インタークーラ、２０〜２２ 排気ガス流、２３〜２５ 過給空気流 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Internal combustion engine, 11 Engine, 12 High pressure supercharging device, 13 Low pressure supercharging device, 14 High pressure turbine, 15 High pressure compressor, 16 Intercooler, 17 Low pressure turbine, 18 Low pressure compressor, 19 Intercooler, 20-22 Exhaust gas Flow, 23-25 supercharged air flow

Claims (4)

エンジン（１１）および高圧過給装置（１２）と低圧過給装置（１３）から成る少なくとも２段式の排気駆動過給装置を備え、
高圧過給装置（１２）が、エンジン（１１）から出る排気ガス流を膨張するための高圧タービン（１４）と、エンジン（１１）に供給すべき燃焼空気流を圧縮するための高圧圧縮機（１５）と、 高圧圧縮機（１５）とエンジン（１１）との間に設けられたインタークーラ（１６）とを有し、
低圧過給装置（１３）が、高圧タービン（１４）から出る排気ガス流を再膨張するための低圧タービン（１７）と、高圧圧縮機（１５）に供給すべき燃焼空気流を圧縮するための低圧圧縮機（１８）と、該低圧圧縮機（１８）と高圧圧縮機（１５）との間に設けられたインタークーラ（１９）とを有する内燃機関において、
低圧過給装置（１３）が別個のモジュールとして形成され、該低圧過給装置（１３）が別個のフレームないし架台で支持されてエンジン（１１）から切り離されたことを特徴とする内燃機関。 An at least two-stage exhaust drive supercharger comprising an engine (11) and a high pressure supercharger (12) and a low pressure supercharger (13);
A high pressure supercharger (12) expands the exhaust gas stream leaving the engine (11) and a high pressure compressor (14) for compressing the combustion air stream to be supplied to the engine (11). 15), and an intercooler (16) provided between the high-pressure compressor (15) and the engine (11),
A low pressure supercharger (13) compresses the combustion air stream to be supplied to the low pressure turbine (17) for reexpanding the exhaust gas stream leaving the high pressure turbine (14) and the high pressure compressor (15). In an internal combustion engine having a low pressure compressor (18) and an intercooler (19) provided between the low pressure compressor (18) and the high pressure compressor (15),
An internal combustion engine characterized in that the low-pressure supercharger (13) is formed as a separate module, the low-pressure supercharger (13) being supported by a separate frame or stand and disconnected from the engine (11). 高圧過給装置（１２）が、エンジン（１１）と共に共通のフレームないし架台で支持されたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の内燃機関。   The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the high-pressure supercharging device (12) is supported by a common frame or mount together with the engine (11). 高圧過給装置（１２）とエンジン（１１）が１つのモジュールとして形成されたことを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の内燃機関。   3. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the high-pressure supercharger (12) and the engine (11) are formed as one module. 低圧過給装置（１３）が高圧過給装置（１２）、即ち高圧タービン（１４）が低圧タービン（１７）にそして低圧圧縮機（１８）が高圧圧縮機（１５）に、各々たわみ接続管を介して接続されたことを特徴とする請求項１から３の１つに記載の内燃機関。   The low pressure supercharger (13) is connected to the high pressure supercharger (12), ie the high pressure turbine (14) to the low pressure turbine (17) and the low pressure compressor (18) to the high pressure compressor (15). The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the internal combustion engine is connected to the internal combustion engine.
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