JP2006258933A - Conductive roller and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents

Conductive roller and method for manufacturing same Download PDF

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JP2006258933A
JP2006258933A JP2005073252A JP2005073252A JP2006258933A JP 2006258933 A JP2006258933 A JP 2006258933A JP 2005073252 A JP2005073252 A JP 2005073252A JP 2005073252 A JP2005073252 A JP 2005073252A JP 2006258933 A JP2006258933 A JP 2006258933A
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roller
conductive
pressure
contact member
pressure contact
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Yukinori Nagata
之則 永田
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Canon Inc
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Canon Inc
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  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a conductive roller which does not have an image defect etc., due to leakage from an end surface or tapered surface and has high precision, and a method for manufacturing the same at low cost. <P>SOLUTION: Disclosed are the conductive roller which is equipped with at least one conductive elastic body layer and characterized in that the roller end surface or tapered surface of the conductive elastic body layer as the outermost layer is larger in surface resistance than a roller surface used while pressed against a contacted member, and the method for manufacturing the conductive roller which includes a stage of coating a core bar with an unvulcanized rubber composition by extruding the unvulcanized rubber composition prepared by mixing and kneading a polymer raw material and additives together with the core bar and a press-contact rotational heating stage of rotating and heating the unvulcanized rubber composition while applying pressure to the unvulcanized rubber composition on the core bar by a press-contacting member, the press-contacting member having a portion of ≥1% in shape variation rate along the length of the roller. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、電子写真プロセスを利用した画像形成装置に用いる帯電ローラ、転写ローラ、現像ローラ、或いは搬送ローラ、定着ローラ等の導電性ローラ、中間転写体等に用いる導電性ローラと、その製造方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a charging roller, a transfer roller, a developing roller, a conductive roller such as a conveyance roller and a fixing roller, a conductive roller used for an intermediate transfer member, and the like, and a method for manufacturing the same. It is about.

従来から電子写真の帯電・転写プロセスにおいて、接触帯電および接触転写の手法が多く研究されている。図1は、接触帯電手段および接触転写手段を有する電子写真装置の構成を模式的に示す図である。1は被帯電体としての像担持体であり、アルミニウムなどの導電性の支持体とその外周面に少なくとも光導電層を有するドラム型の電子写真プロセスに用いられる感光体である。2はこの感光体に接し、感光体面を所定の電位に一様に帯電させる帯電部材であり、本例はローラ形状のもの(以下、帯電ローラとする)を示す。   Conventionally, many methods of contact charging and contact transfer have been studied in the electrophotographic charging / transfer process. FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of an electrophotographic apparatus having contact charging means and contact transfer means. Reference numeral 1 denotes an image carrier as a member to be charged, which is a photosensitive member used in a drum type electrophotographic process having a conductive support such as aluminum and at least a photoconductive layer on the outer peripheral surface thereof. Reference numeral 2 denotes a charging member that comes into contact with the photosensitive member and uniformly charges the surface of the photosensitive member to a predetermined potential. This example shows a roller shape (hereinafter referred to as a charging roller).

この帯電ローラは、少なくとも中心部の芯金と、その外周面に弾性体の層を有する。この帯電ローラはバネ等の圧接手段(不図示)で感光体1に所定の圧接力をもって圧接され、感光体1の回転にともない従動回転する。また、この芯金部に直流+交流(または、直流のみ)バイアスを印加することで感光体1を所定の電位に接触帯電する。つまり、良好なコピー画像を得るために、帯電部材2には、感光体1との均一な接触状態と、導電性が必要になる。帯電部材2で所定の電位に帯電された感光体1の表面が、レーザー、LED等の露光手段(不図示)から出力される露光光3によって画像情報を露光されることによって、目的の画像情報に対応した静電潜像が形成される。   This charging roller has at least a cored bar and an elastic layer on the outer peripheral surface thereof. The charging roller is pressed against the photosensitive member 1 with a predetermined pressing force by a pressing means (not shown) such as a spring, and is rotated following the rotation of the photosensitive member 1. Further, the photoconductor 1 is contact-charged to a predetermined potential by applying a DC + AC (or only DC) bias to the cored bar. That is, in order to obtain a good copy image, the charging member 2 needs to have a uniform contact state with the photoconductor 1 and conductivity. The surface of the photosensitive member 1 charged to a predetermined potential by the charging member 2 is exposed to image information by exposure light 3 output from exposure means (not shown) such as a laser or LED, so that target image information is obtained. An electrostatic latent image corresponding to is formed.

次いで、その潜像を現像手段4によってトナー画像として可視像化する。このトナー画像は、転写部材5によって転写材6の裏面側からトナーと逆極性の帯電を行うことで感光体1の表面のトナー画像が転写材6の表面側に転写される。トナー画像の転写を受けた転写材6は感光体1から分離され、定着部材7によって熱、圧力で固着される。また、像転写後の感光体1の表面はクリーニング部材8で転写時における残留トナー等の付着物の除去を受けて清浄面化され、くり返し作像に供される。図1中、9はトナー、10は回転軸である。   Next, the latent image is visualized as a toner image by the developing means 4. The toner image is charged from the back surface side of the transfer material 6 with the reverse polarity of the toner by the transfer member 5, whereby the toner image on the surface of the photoreceptor 1 is transferred to the front surface side of the transfer material 6. The transfer material 6 that has received the transfer of the toner image is separated from the photoreceptor 1 and fixed by heat and pressure by the fixing member 7. Further, the surface of the photosensitive member 1 after image transfer is cleaned by the cleaning member 8 after removal of deposits such as residual toner at the time of transfer, and is repeatedly used for image formation. In FIG. 1, 9 is a toner, and 10 is a rotating shaft.

こうした帯電、転写、現像部材等に用いられるローラは、少なくとも両端において回転可能に支持される芯金と、芯金の外周面に設けられた弾性体層によって構成される導電性ローラである。また、抵抗・表面性等を調整する目的で、上記弾性体層の上に表面層を設けて用いられることもある。   A roller used for such charging, transfer, developing member and the like is a conductive roller constituted by a cored bar that is rotatably supported at least at both ends and an elastic layer provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cored bar. In addition, for the purpose of adjusting resistance, surface property, etc., a surface layer may be provided on the elastic body layer.

一つ以上の層を持つローラにおいて、芯金の上に設けられる導電性弾性体層は外周部に設けられる層に給電するために、低抵抗にすることが多く行われている。また、芯金の上に導電性弾性体層だけを設けて使用する場合には、表面性・抵抗などを調整するために、表面処理をすることが行われる。   In a roller having one or more layers, the conductive elastic body layer provided on the core metal is often made to have a low resistance in order to supply power to the layer provided on the outer peripheral portion. In the case where only the conductive elastic layer is provided on the cored bar, the surface treatment is performed to adjust the surface property and resistance.

ここで、導電性弾性体層を低抵抗とした場合に、端面が高抵抗層などで被覆されず、露出している場合などで、印加電圧によっては感光体などの被当接部材の表面へ端面から高抵抗層を通さずに直接放電(リーク)が発生し、画像不良となる場合がある。   Here, when the conductive elastic layer has a low resistance, the end surface is not covered with a high resistance layer or the like and exposed, and depending on the applied voltage, the surface of the contacted member such as the photosensitive member may be affected. In some cases, discharge (leakage) occurs directly from the end face without passing through the high resistance layer, resulting in an image defect.

特に、感光体に圧接して使用されるローラであると、使用している途中にローラ端部で感光体が削れ、低抵抗部ができてしまった場合などに特に顕著に端面からリークが生じる。   In particular, in the case of a roller that is used in pressure contact with the photoconductor, the photoconductor is scraped off at the end of the roller while it is being used and a low resistance portion is created. .

これに対し、端面を高抵抗層などで覆ったりすることが知られているが(例えば、特許文献1参照。)、抵抗層を設けるのにコストがかかったり、高抵抗層の製造法によっては端面に液溜まりなどが生じ好ましくない場合がある。   On the other hand, it is known that the end face is covered with a high resistance layer or the like (see, for example, Patent Document 1), but it is expensive to provide the resistance layer, or depending on the method of manufacturing the high resistance layer. There may be a case where a liquid pool or the like is generated on the end face, which is not preferable.

また、端面とローラ面の境界を面取り形状にし、高抵抗層で被覆することも知られており、面取り形状に端部を形成する場合には、型で成形する場合や、研磨での加工が行われている。   It is also known that the boundary between the end surface and the roller surface is chamfered and covered with a high resistance layer. When the end portion is formed in the chamfered shape, it may be molded with a mold or processed by polishing. Has been done.

しかし、端面の形状を作成する場合、型などでは、ばりやパーティングラインが発生して画像に対して影響を及ぼす可能性があり、また研磨では表面粗さが粗い等の課題が発生する場合がある。
特開平1−179959号公報
However, when creating the shape of the end face, there is a possibility that burrs and parting lines may occur on the mold, etc., and the image may be affected, and polishing may cause problems such as rough surface roughness. There is.
JP-A-1-179959

本発明の目的は以上の課題を鑑み、端面或いはテーパー面からのリークによる画像不良等がない高精度な導電性ローラと、それを低コストで製造する方法を提供することにある。   In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a highly accurate conductive roller free from image defects due to leakage from an end surface or a tapered surface, and a method for manufacturing the same at low cost.

すなわち、本発明は以下の通りである。   That is, the present invention is as follows.

1.少なくとも一つの導電性弾性体層を備え、最外層の導電性弾性体層のローラ端面或いはテーパー面の表面抵抗が、被当接部材に圧接して使用されるローラ面の表面抵抗に比べて高いことを特徴とする導電性ローラ。   1. Provided with at least one conductive elastic layer, the surface resistance of the roller end surface or tapered surface of the outermost conductive elastic layer is higher than the surface resistance of the roller surface used in pressure contact with the contacted member A conductive roller characterized by that.

2.前記最外層の導電性弾性体層の外周のうち前記被当接部材と接触する面が、少なくとも一層の表面層でさらに被覆されていることを特徴とする上記1の導電性ローラ。   2. 1. The conductive roller according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the outermost conductive elastic layer that contacts the contacted member is further covered with at least one surface layer.

3.前記表面層が、前記被当接部材と接触する面よりもローラ軸方向に幅広く、前記テーパー面の一部にまで被覆されていることを特徴とする上記2の導電性ローラ。   3. 2. The conductive roller according to 2 above, wherein the surface layer is wider in a roller axial direction than a surface in contact with the contacted member and is covered up to a part of the tapered surface.

4.前記導電性弾性体層がイオン導電性を有するゴムを含有することを特徴とする上記1〜3のいずれかの導電性ローラ。   4). The conductive roller according to any one of the above items 1 to 3, wherein the conductive elastic layer contains a rubber having ionic conductivity.

5.ポリマー原料と添加剤を配合し混練された未加硫ゴム組成物を、芯金とともに押し出すことで芯金上に未加硫ゴム組成物を被覆する工程と、該芯金上の未加硫ゴム組成物を圧接部材によって圧力をかけた状態で、回転させながら加熱を行う圧接回転加熱工程とを有する導電性ローラの製造方法において、該圧接部材が、ローラ長手方向の形状変化率が1%以上である部分を備えることを特徴とする導電性ローラの製造方法。   5. A step of coating an unvulcanized rubber composition on a core metal by extruding a kneaded unvulcanized rubber composition containing a polymer raw material and an additive together with a core metal, and an unvulcanized rubber on the core metal In a method of manufacturing a conductive roller having a pressure-rotation heating process in which the composition is heated while being rotated in a state where pressure is applied by the pressure-contact member, the pressure-contact member has a shape change rate of 1% or more in the roller longitudinal direction. The manufacturing method of the electroconductive roller characterized by including the part which is.

6.前記圧接部材の前記形状変化率が1%以上である部分の表面の温度を、該圧接部材の他の圧接面の温度よりも、高くすることを特徴とする上記5の導電性ローラの製造方法。   6). 5. The method of manufacturing a conductive roller according to 5 above, wherein the temperature of the surface of the portion where the shape change rate of the pressure contact member is 1% or more is made higher than the temperature of the other pressure contact surface of the pressure contact member. .

本発明によれば、少なくとも一つの導電性弾性体層を備え、最外層の導電性弾性体層のローラ端面或いはテーパー面の表面抵抗が、被当接部材に圧接して使用されるローラ面の表面抵抗に比べて高くすることによって、端面或いはテーパー面からのリークに起因した画像不良の発生を抑えることができる。   According to the present invention, at least one conductive elastic layer is provided, and the surface resistance of the roller end surface or the tapered surface of the outermost conductive elastic layer is pressed against the contacted member. By making it higher than the surface resistance, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of image defects due to leakage from the end face or the tapered surface.

また、ポリマー原料と添加剤を配合し混練された未加硫ゴム組成物を、芯金とともに押し出すことで芯金上に未加硫ゴム組成物を被覆する工程と、該芯金上の未加硫ゴム組成物を圧接部材によって圧力をかけた状態で、回転させながら加熱を行う圧接回転加熱工程とを有する導電性ローラの製造方法において、該圧接部材が、ローラ長手方向の形状変化率が1%以上である部分を備えることによって、端部表面に欠陥等が無く、高精度な導電性ローラを、短時間に安定して得ることができるため、製造コストを削減するだけでなく、製品としての品質も高めることができる。   Also, a step of coating the unvulcanized rubber composition on the core metal by extruding the unvulcanized rubber composition blended with the polymer raw material and the additive together with the core metal; In a method for manufacturing a conductive roller having a pressure-rotation heating process in which a vulcanized rubber composition is heated while being rotated in a state where pressure is applied by a pressure-contact member, the pressure-contact member has a shape change rate of 1 in the longitudinal direction of the roller. By providing a portion that is at least%, it is possible to stably obtain a highly accurate conductive roller in a short time without any defects on the end surface. Can also improve the quality.

以下、本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

被当接部材に当接して使用されるローラにおいて、端面或いはテーパー面が当接して使用されるローラ面と比較して抵抗が低い場合には、通電して使用される時に、リークが低抵抗である導電性弾性体層の端面或いはテーパー面から発生し、画像不良を引き起こすことがある。   In the roller used in contact with the contacted member, when the resistance is low compared to the roller surface used by contacting the end surface or the taper surface, the leakage is low when it is used while being energized. May occur from the end surface or the tapered surface of the conductive elastic layer and cause image defects.

従って、最外層の導電性弾性体層の端面或いはテーパー面がローラ面と比較して抵抗が高くなれば、リークが発生しにくくなる(ここでいうローラ面とは、回転時に被当接部材に接触する面を言う。)。   Therefore, if the resistance or resistance of the end surface or tapered surface of the outermost conductive elastic layer is higher than that of the roller surface, leakage is less likely to occur (here, the roller surface refers to the contacted member during rotation). The surface that comes into contact.)

なお、テーパー形状とは、線形的に径を減少させても良いし、R面取りなどのように曲線的に径を減少させる部分を設けた形状でも良い。   The tapered shape may be linearly reduced in diameter, or may be a shape provided with a portion where the diameter is reduced in a curved manner such as R chamfering.

そこで、端面或いはテーパー面を、ローラ面と比較して抵抗を高くするための手法としては、表面を高温で加熱する方法や、UV、EB、プラズマなどの表面処理などいずれの手法でも良く、ゴムの材質・形状に合わせて高抵抗化する手法を選択することができる。   Therefore, as a method for increasing the resistance of the end surface or the tapered surface as compared with the roller surface, any method such as a method of heating the surface at a high temperature or a surface treatment such as UV, EB, or plasma may be used. It is possible to select a method of increasing resistance according to the material and shape.

また、同時にローラ面を表面処理し、表面処理の程度を端面或いはテーパー面とローラ面で変えることで抵抗差を設けても良い。   At the same time, the roller surface may be surface-treated, and the resistance difference may be provided by changing the degree of the surface treatment between the end surface or the tapered surface and the roller surface.

さらに、表面処理などによって端面或いはテーパー面を高抵抗化した状態で、ローラ面を高抵抗層で被覆しても、端面或いはテーパー面は被覆前に全く表面処理しない場合と比較して高抵抗なため、やはりリークの発生は抑えることができる。   Furthermore, even if the roller surface is coated with a high resistance layer in a state where the end surface or taper surface has been made highly resistant by surface treatment or the like, the end surface or taper surface has a higher resistance than the case where no surface treatment is performed before coating. Therefore, the occurrence of leak can still be suppressed.

なお、端面或いはテーパー面の表面抵抗は、ローラ面の表面抵抗と比較して、1.5倍以上が好ましく、2倍以上が特に好ましい。   In addition, the surface resistance of the end face or the tapered surface is preferably 1.5 times or more, and particularly preferably 2 times or more, as compared with the surface resistance of the roller surface.

端面或いはテーパー面を高抵抗層で覆う場合に関しては、導電性弾性体層の端面が芯金に対して鉛直をなす面をもつと、ディッピングなどの手段によって一度に端面まで液を塗工して表面層を設けると、端面に液溜まりが生じ、引き上げ時にローラ面に垂れたり、硬化時に発泡したり、硬度ムラを引き起こすなど好ましくない場合がある。   When covering the end face or tapered surface with a high resistance layer, if the end face of the conductive elastic layer has a surface that is perpendicular to the core metal, the liquid is applied to the end face at once by means such as dipping. If a surface layer is provided, a liquid pool may be generated at the end face, which may be unfavorable, such as dripping on the roller surface during pulling up, foaming during curing, or causing hardness unevenness.

従って、高抵抗層で覆う面が、テーパー面の一部だけであり、かつテーパー面とローラ面にパーティングラインなどの突起物がなければ、液溜まりなどの発生がなく、容易に表面層を形成でき、かつ被当接部材との距離が近い部分は少なくとも被覆することができるため、端面からのリークも防ぐことができる。   Therefore, if the surface covered with the high resistance layer is only a part of the tapered surface, and there are no protrusions such as parting lines on the tapered surface and the roller surface, there is no occurrence of liquid accumulation and the surface layer can be easily formed. Since the portion that can be formed and is close to the contacted member can be at least covered, leakage from the end face can also be prevented.

図2に本発明において表面層を被覆した場合の導電性ローラの断面図を模式的に示す。   FIG. 2 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of the conductive roller when the surface layer is coated in the present invention.

図2において、金属の芯金11の周囲に端部にテーパー面を備える導電性弾性体層12を設け、さらにテーパー面の一部とローラ面を表面層13で被覆したものである。   In FIG. 2, a conductive elastic layer 12 having a tapered surface is provided around a metal core 11, and a part of the tapered surface and a roller surface are covered with a surface layer 13.

ローラとして端部のテーパー面の形状変化率が1%以上で、大きく径が変化するようなローラを製造する際に、型成形でパーティングライン無しにローラを得ようとすると、型から抜くことが難しくなってしまう。   When manufacturing a roller with a taper surface shape change rate of 1% or more and a large diameter change as a roller, if you try to obtain a roller without a parting line by molding, it will be removed from the mold. Becomes difficult.

そこで、表面粗さが良好で、かつパーティングラインなどの突起部がないテーパー形状に端部を加工するための製造方法としては、ポリマー原料と添加剤を配合し混練された未加硫ゴム組成物を、芯金とともに押し出すことで芯金上に未加硫ゴム組成物を被覆する工程と、該芯金上の未加硫ゴム組成物を圧接部材によって圧力をかけた状態で、回転させながら加熱を行う圧接回転加熱工程とを有する導電性ローラの製造方法において、該圧接部材が、ローラ長手方向の形状変化率が1%以上である部分を備えることで実現できる。   Therefore, as a manufacturing method for processing the end into a tapered shape with good surface roughness and no protruding part such as a parting line, an unvulcanized rubber composition in which a polymer raw material and an additive are mixed and kneaded A step of coating the unvulcanized rubber composition on the core metal by extruding the object together with the core metal, and while rotating the unvulcanized rubber composition on the core metal in a state where pressure is applied by the pressure contact member In the method for manufacturing a conductive roller having a press-contact rotation heating process for heating, the press-contact member can be realized by including a portion having a shape change rate of 1% or more in the roller longitudinal direction.

さらには、圧接部材の形状変化が大きい部分の表面を他の圧接面よりも温度を高くすることによって、成形と同時にテーパー面を高抵抗化することができる。   Furthermore, the resistance of the tapered surface can be increased simultaneously with molding by increasing the temperature of the surface of the portion where the shape change of the pressure contact member is greater than that of the other pressure contact surfaces.

ここで、圧接部材のローラ長手方向の形状変化率とは、未加硫ローラを圧接させる時と同様にして芯金のみを圧接部材に圧接した場合に、芯金の中心軸から加圧方向の圧接部材までの距離を長手方向に測定し、長手方向の変化率を計算した値とした。従って、圧接部材の形状が略円筒形状の場合には、多くの場合、長手方向の半径変化率に相当する。なお、本発明における形状変化率は長手方向に0.5mmピッチで芯金の中心軸との距離を測定して変化率を計算するものとする。   Here, the rate of change in shape of the pressure contact member in the longitudinal direction of the roller means the pressure change direction from the central axis of the core metal when only the core metal is pressed against the pressure contact member in the same manner as when the unvulcanized roller is pressed. The distance to the pressure contact member was measured in the longitudinal direction, and the rate of change in the longitudinal direction was calculated. Therefore, when the shape of the pressure contact member is a substantially cylindrical shape, in many cases, this corresponds to the rate of change in radius in the longitudinal direction. The shape change rate in the present invention is calculated by measuring the distance from the central axis of the metal core at a pitch of 0.5 mm in the longitudinal direction.

圧接部材の温度を高くした場合には、ローラ表面の材料の架橋等が進むため、接触している部分の表面を高抵抗化させることができる。圧接部材につける温度差としては、20℃以上100℃以下が好ましく、40℃以上80℃以下が特に好ましい。   When the temperature of the pressure contact member is increased, the material of the roller surface is cross-linked, so that the surface of the contacting portion can be increased in resistance. The temperature difference applied to the pressure contact member is preferably 20 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower, and particularly preferably 40 ° C. or higher and 80 ° C. or lower.

また、イオン導電性を有するゴムを含有することで、表面処理によって短時間に高抵抗化させることができる。   Further, by containing rubber having ionic conductivity, the resistance can be increased in a short time by surface treatment.

イオン導電性を有するゴムとしては、ニトリルブタジエンゴム(NBR)、エピクロルヒドリンゴム、ウレタンゴムなどのゴムの他、イオン導電性を有さないゴムでもイオン導電剤を含有させることでイオン導電性を付与しても良い。   As rubber having ion conductivity, in addition to rubbers such as nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), epichlorohydrin rubber, urethane rubber and the like, rubber having no ion conductivity can be added with an ion conductive agent to provide ion conductivity. May be.

まず、ポリマー原料と添加剤を配合し混練された未加硫ゴム組成物を、芯金とともに押し出すことで芯金上に未加硫ゴム組成物を被覆する。この芯金上に被覆された未加硫ゴムに対して、圧接部材によって圧力をかけた状態で、回転させながら加熱を行う圧接回転加熱工程を行うことで導電性ローラを製造することができる。   First, an unvulcanized rubber composition obtained by mixing and kneading a polymer raw material and an additive is extruded together with a core metal to coat the unvulcanized rubber composition on the core metal. A conductive roller can be manufactured by performing a pressure-rotation heating process in which the unvulcanized rubber coated on the metal core is heated while being rotated in a state where pressure is applied by a pressure-contact member.

図3は本発明に用いる押出し機の模式図を示す。   FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an extruder used in the present invention.

押出し機14は、クロスヘッド15を備える。クロスヘッド15は芯金送りローラ16によって送られた芯金17を後ろ側から挿入でき、芯金17と同時に円筒状の未加硫原料組成物を一体的に押し出すことができる。ここでは押し出し後に、未加硫原料組成物が芯金の周囲に円筒状に形成した後に(18)、端部のゴムを定尺で切り取ったものを、未加硫ローラとした。   The extruder 14 includes a crosshead 15. The cross head 15 can insert the cored bar 17 fed by the cored bar feeding roller 16 from the back side, and can extrude the cylindrical unvulcanized raw material composition simultaneously with the cored bar 17. Here, after the extrusion, after the unvulcanized raw material composition was formed in a cylindrical shape around the core metal (18), the end rubber was cut out with a standard length to obtain an unvulcanized roller.

なお、押し出しの際、押出し機を定速回転させた状態で、芯金の送り速度を変化させて外径を変化させても良く、中央で太く、端部で細いクラウン形状を形成しても良い。   When extruding, the outer diameter may be changed by changing the feed rate of the mandrel while the extruder is rotated at a constant speed, and the crown shape may be thick at the center and thin at the end. good.

図4に本発明において圧接回転加熱工程に用いられる、円筒状の圧接部材を有する圧接加硫装置の、Aは上面図、Bは側面図を示す。   FIG. 4 is a top view and B is a side view of a pressure vulcanizing apparatus having a cylindrical pressure contact member used in the pressure rotation heating process in the present invention.

モータ25によって回転している円筒状の圧接部材20と、芯金とともに押し出された未加硫ローラ19の中心軸は平行に保持され、未加硫ローラ19の両端部の芯金露出部を保持部材24で軸がずれることないように保持している。円筒状の圧接部材20は、未加硫ローラをもう一つの圧接部材21とともに前後からバネ22で加圧できるように配置され、円筒状の圧接部材20の回転により、未加硫ローラ、もう一方の円筒状の圧接部材21を従動で回転させる。また、加圧力はバネ22の長さをかえることで調整可能である。なお、圧接部材20の幅は、未加硫ローラのゴム長よりも幅広い方が好ましい。図4中、23はスライダーである。   The cylindrical pressure contact member 20 rotated by the motor 25 and the central axis of the unvulcanized roller 19 extruded together with the core metal are held in parallel, and the core metal exposed portions at both ends of the unvulcanized roller 19 are held. The member 24 is held so that the axis does not shift. The cylindrical pressure contact member 20 is arranged so that the unvulcanized roller and the other pressure contact member 21 can be pressed together with the spring 22 from the front and rear, and the rotation of the cylindrical pressure contact member 20 causes the unvulcanized roller and the other pressure contact member 20 to be pressed. The cylindrical pressure contact member 21 is rotated by being driven. Further, the pressing force can be adjusted by changing the length of the spring 22. The width of the pressure contact member 20 is preferably wider than the rubber length of the unvulcanized roller. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 23 denotes a slider.

圧接部材21は未加硫ローラの両端に相当する位置に、曲率変化が大きく、ローラとしての所望のテーパー形状に対応した形状を持つものである。   The pressure contact member 21 has a large curvature change at a position corresponding to both ends of the unvulcanized roller, and has a shape corresponding to a desired tapered shape as a roller.

また、図示する圧接部材20、21は、中に空間を設けて、ヒータを内蔵したものであるが、中に空間がない圧接部材を用いて装置全体を恒温槽の中に構築するなどして全体を加硫温度に保っても良いし、両者を同時に行っても良い。圧接部材の形状は、円筒・円柱形状以外に、平面形状、ベルト形状などでも良く、平行に配した二つ以上の圧接部材で挟み込んでも良い。また、未加硫ローラの形状に合わせても良く、円筒形状の圧接部材の場合は逆クラウン形状やクラウン形状などにすることができる。   In addition, the pressure contact members 20 and 21 shown in the figure are provided with a space therein and a heater built therein, but the entire apparatus is constructed in a thermostatic chamber using a pressure contact member having no space in it. The whole may be kept at the vulcanization temperature, or both may be performed simultaneously. The shape of the pressure contact member may be a planar shape, a belt shape, or the like in addition to the cylindrical / columnar shape, and may be sandwiched between two or more pressure contact members arranged in parallel. Further, it may be matched to the shape of the unvulcanized roller, and in the case of a cylindrical pressure contact member, it can be formed into an inverted crown shape or a crown shape.

圧接部材に設けられる逆クラウン形状やクラウン形状の外径差は、ローラ長230mm前後に対し、外径差で0.01〜1mm前後のものが用いられる。本発明において、未加硫ゴム組成物との圧接面における長手方向の形状変化率が1%以上である部分を備えることは、クラウン形状あるいは逆クラウン形状などのローラ全体にわたる滑らかな外径変化をつける目的でなく、端部などに曲率変化が大きいテーパー面を設けるのが目的である。   The reverse crown shape or the crown shape provided on the pressure contact member has an outer diameter difference of about 0.01 to 1 mm with respect to a roller length of about 230 mm. In the present invention, the provision of a portion having a shape change rate of 1% or more in the longitudinal direction on the pressure contact surface with the unvulcanized rubber composition causes a smooth outer diameter change over the entire roller such as a crown shape or an inverted crown shape. The purpose is not to attach, but to provide a tapered surface with a large curvature change at the end or the like.

また、未加硫ローラは多層同時押し出しなどにより、導電性弾性体層を複数層設けても良く、内側の層に発泡層を設けても良い。   The unvulcanized roller may be provided with a plurality of conductive elastic layers by multilayer simultaneous extrusion or the like, and a foam layer may be provided on the inner layer.

なお、加硫を同時に進行させるために、圧接部材の加熱温度はゴムの加硫が進行しやすい140℃以上240℃以下が好ましく、1〜120分の間で押圧加硫を行うと良い。   In order to advance vulcanization simultaneously, the heating temperature of the pressure contact member is preferably 140 ° C. or higher and 240 ° C. or lower where rubber vulcanization is easy to proceed, and press vulcanization is preferably performed for 1 to 120 minutes.

図6は本発明に用いる表面処理装置を模式的に示した。   FIG. 6 schematically shows a surface treatment apparatus used in the present invention.

図6において、34は芯金を保持し、回転させる保持部材であり、保持部材をモータ35などで駆動することで、未加硫ローラ33を回転させることができる。37はUVランプであり、必要な部分にのみ当たるように遮光板36を配置することができる。   In FIG. 6, reference numeral 34 denotes a holding member that holds and rotates the mandrel, and the unvulcanized roller 33 can be rotated by driving the holding member with a motor 35 or the like. Reference numeral 37 denotes a UV lamp, and a light shielding plate 36 can be disposed so as to hit only a necessary portion.

なお、圧接回転加熱工程後に表面処理を行う以外に、圧接回転加熱工程中に同時に行っても良い。   In addition to performing the surface treatment after the press-rotating and heating process, it may be performed simultaneously with the press-rotating and heating process.

図5に圧接回転加熱中に同時に表面処理を行う場合に用いる圧接回転加熱表面処理装置の、Aは上面図、Bは側面図を模式的に示した。   FIG. 5 schematically shows a top view and B a side view of a pressure-rotation heating surface treatment apparatus used when simultaneously performing surface treatment during pressure-rotation heating.

回転している円筒状の圧接部材27と、芯金とともに押し出された未加硫ローラ26の中心軸は平行に保持され、未加硫ローラ26の両端部の芯金露出部を保持部材30で軸がずれることないように保持している。円筒状の圧接部材27に対し、ガイド上に配置された保持部材30をバネ28で加圧することで、未加硫ローラを円筒状の圧接部材27に対し加圧することができる。図5中、29はスライダーである。   The rotating cylindrical pressure contact member 27 and the central axis of the unvulcanized roller 26 extruded together with the core metal are held in parallel, and the core metal exposed portions at both ends of the unvulcanized roller 26 are held by the holding member 30. The shaft is held so that it does not shift. The unvulcanized roller can be pressed against the cylindrical pressure contact member 27 by pressing the holding member 30 disposed on the guide with the spring 28 against the cylindrical pressure contact member 27. In FIG. 5, 29 is a slider.

また、端部のテーパー面を形成するための端部圧接部材32を備え、円筒状の圧接部材をモータ31で駆動することで、未加硫ローラと端部圧接部材32を従動で回転させる。端部圧接部材32は中にヒータを入れてあり、円筒状の圧接部材27に対して高温に設定して用いることで、加熱表面処理と形状成形を同時に行うことが可能となる。   Further, an end pressure contact member 32 for forming a tapered surface at the end is provided, and the cylindrical pressure contact member is driven by the motor 31 so that the unvulcanized roller and the end pressure contact member 32 are driven to rotate. The end pressure contact member 32 has a heater therein, and by setting the end pressure contact member 32 at a high temperature with respect to the cylindrical pressure contact member 27, the heating surface treatment and the shape forming can be performed simultaneously.

本発明で使用されるポリマー原料としては、天然ゴム、ブタジエンゴム、スチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)、ニトリルゴム、エチレンプロピレンゴム(EPDM)、クロロプレンゴム(CR)、ニトリルブタジエンゴム(NBR)、エピクロルヒドリンゴム、ブチルゴム、シリコーンゴム、ウレタンゴム、フッソゴム、塩素ゴムなどのゴムがある。   Examples of the polymer raw material used in the present invention include natural rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM), chloroprene rubber (CR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), epichlorohydrin rubber, There are rubbers such as butyl rubber, silicone rubber, urethane rubber, fluorine rubber, and chlorine rubber.

さらには、熱可塑性の材料や、熱可塑性の材料とゴム材料と混合されたものでも良い。その場合、加硫の進行は関係ないため軟化点以上の温度で圧接回転させれば表面粗さと形状精度の良いローラを得ることができる。   Further, a thermoplastic material or a mixture of a thermoplastic material and a rubber material may be used. In that case, since the progress of vulcanization does not matter, a roller with good surface roughness and shape accuracy can be obtained by rotating by pressure at a temperature equal to or higher than the softening point.

押し出し時に同時に多層を成形した未加硫ローラを用いて、圧接回転させても良く、多層ローラを得ることもできる。また、加硫後の導電性ローラの最外層に未加硫ゴムを被覆したものを用いて、圧接回転させても良い。   A non-vulcanized roller having a multilayer formed at the same time as extrusion may be rotated by pressing, and a multilayer roller can be obtained. Alternatively, the outermost layer of the vulcanized conductive roller covered with unvulcanized rubber may be pressed and rotated.

また、ローラの原料組成物には、導電性フィラーを分散させる手法や、導電性ポリマー、イオン導電剤などを用いて導電性を付与しても良い。   Further, the roller raw material composition may be provided with conductivity by using a method of dispersing a conductive filler, a conductive polymer, an ionic conductive agent, or the like.

前記ポリマー原料中に分散させる導電粉としてはカーボンブラック、導電性カーボン等のカーボン類、グラファイト、TiO2、SnO2、ZnOなどの金属酸化物、ZnOとAl23の固溶体などの複酸化物、Cu、Agなどの金属粉等が挙げられ、前記ポリマー原料100質量部に対して5〜200質量部添加される。 Examples of the conductive powder dispersed in the polymer raw material include carbons such as carbon black and conductive carbon, metal oxides such as graphite, TiO 2 , SnO 2 , and ZnO, and double oxides such as a solid solution of ZnO and Al 2 O 3 . , Cu, Ag, and the like, and 5 to 200 parts by mass are added to 100 parts by mass of the polymer raw material.

加硫剤としては硫黄、金属酸化物、有機酸化物など、無機充填剤としてカーボンブラック、タルク、クレーなどが挙げられ、その他公知の加硫促進剤、プロセスオイルなどが適宜添加される。   Examples of the vulcanizing agent include sulfur, metal oxide, and organic oxide. Examples of the inorganic filler include carbon black, talc, and clay. Other known vulcanization accelerators and process oils are appropriately added.

以下、実施例に従って本発明をより詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されない。実施例中、「部」は質量部を示す。   EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated in detail according to an Example, this invention is not limited to these. In the examples, “part” means part by mass.

[実施例1]
未加硫ゴム組成物としては、エピクロルヒドリン−エチレンオキサイド−アリルグリシジルエーテル3元共重合体(ダイソー社製 CG102)100部に対して、酸化亜鉛(正同化学社製 酸化亜鉛二種)5部、炭酸カルシウム(白石カルシウム社製 シルバーW)45部、カーボンブラック(東海カーボン社製 シーストSO)10部、イオン導電剤としてテトラブチルアンモニウムパークロレート2部、加工助剤としてステアリン酸1部、可塑剤としてアジピン酸エステル(日本インキ化学工業社製 ポリサイザーW305ELS)10部、加硫剤として硫黄0.5部、架橋助剤としてジペンタメチレンチウラムテトラスルフィド(大内新興化学工業社製 ノクセラーTRA)2部をオープンロールにて混合した。得られた未加硫ゴム組成物を芯金の周囲に成形するために、図3に模式的に示す押出し機に内径がφ11mmであるダイをセットし、あらかじめヘッドを80℃に温調した。次に、直径がφ6mm、長さ256mmの芯金を用意してゴムととともに押し出すことで、芯金の周囲に円筒状の未加硫ゴム組成物を成形した。その後、未加硫ゴム組成物の長さを224mmになるように端部の余分な未加硫ゴム組成物を切断、除去処理を行い、未加硫ローラを得た。
[Example 1]
As an unvulcanized rubber composition, 100 parts of epichlorohydrin-ethylene oxide-allyl glycidyl ether terpolymer (CG102, manufactured by Daiso Co., Ltd.), 5 parts of zinc oxide (type 2 zinc oxide, manufactured by Shodo Chemical Co., Ltd.) 45 parts of calcium carbonate (Silver W manufactured by Shiraishi Calcium Co., Ltd.), 10 parts of carbon black (Shiest SO manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd.), 2 parts of tetrabutylammonium perchlorate as an ionic conductive agent, 1 part of stearic acid as a processing aid, and a plasticizer 10 parts of adipic acid ester (Nippon Ink Chemical Co., Ltd. polysizer W305ELS), 0.5 part of sulfur as a vulcanizing agent, 2 parts of dipentamethylene thiuram tetrasulfide (Noxeller TRA made by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a crosslinking aid Mix in open roll. In order to mold the obtained unvulcanized rubber composition around the cored bar, a die having an inner diameter of φ11 mm was set in the extruder schematically shown in FIG. 3, and the temperature of the head was adjusted to 80 ° C. in advance. Next, a core metal having a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 256 mm was prepared and extruded together with rubber to form a cylindrical unvulcanized rubber composition around the core metal. Thereafter, the unvulcanized rubber composition at the end was cut and removed so that the length of the unvulcanized rubber composition was 224 mm, and an unvulcanized roller was obtained.

その後、あらかじめ170℃に熱した熱風炉の中で、60分間加熱を行い、冷却後に研磨によって外径を整えた。なお、研磨時にはローラ長手方向中央でφ10.1mm、端部でφ10.0mmのいわゆるクラウン形状に外径を整えている。   Thereafter, heating was performed for 60 minutes in a hot air oven preheated to 170 ° C., and the outer diameter was adjusted by polishing after cooling. At the time of polishing, the outer diameter is adjusted to a so-called crown shape with φ10.1 mm at the center in the longitudinal direction of the roller and φ10.0 mm at the end.

この導電性ローラの電気抵抗は約5×104[Ω]であった。 The electric resistance of this conductive roller was about 5 × 10 4 [Ω].

なお、導電性ローラのローラ抵抗は、ローラを円柱状のアルミドラムに当接させ、回転させた状態で、ドラムとの間に電源から直流100Vの電圧を印加し、基準抵抗にかかる電圧を測定することにより計算した。   The roller resistance of the conductive roller is measured by measuring the voltage applied to the reference resistance by applying a DC 100V voltage from the power source to the drum while the roller is in contact with the cylindrical aluminum drum and rotated. It was calculated by doing.

上記のようにして得られた導電性ローラを帯電ローラとして用いるために、表面の粘着性を減少させる目的で、波長250nm近傍のUVランプで3分間照射し、表面処理した上で、以下に示すような装置を用いて画像評価を行った。なお、紫外線の照射はローラをコンベアで回転した状態で送り、上下からローラと平行に設けたランプで行った。   In order to use the conductive roller obtained as described above as a charging roller, for the purpose of reducing the adhesiveness of the surface, it is irradiated with a UV lamp having a wavelength of about 250 nm for 3 minutes and subjected to surface treatment, and then shown below. Image evaluation was performed using such an apparatus. In addition, irradiation of ultraviolet rays was performed with a lamp provided in parallel with the roller from above and below while the roller was rotated by a conveyor.

さらに、端面にだけ紫外線が照射されるように遮光板を調整し、さらに回転させながら3分間照射を行い、導電性ローラを得た。   Further, the light shielding plate was adjusted so that only the end face was irradiated with ultraviolet rays, and further irradiated for 3 minutes while rotating to obtain a conductive roller.

次に、このローラのローラ面と端面の表面抵抗測定を行った。   Next, the surface resistance of the roller surface and end surface of this roller was measured.

直径がφ1mmの電極を端面とローラ面において3mmの距離をおいて接触させて配設し、該電極間に100Vの電圧を印加した。その結果求められる二つの表面抵抗R(端面)、R(ローラ面)から、比の値を表面抵抗R(端面)/表面抵抗R(ローラ面)で計算し、さらに同様の測定を3回繰り返した後に平均した値は1.5であった。端面における表面抵抗が高くなっていることが分かる。   An electrode having a diameter of φ1 mm was disposed at a distance of 3 mm between the end surface and the roller surface, and a voltage of 100 V was applied between the electrodes. From the two surface resistances R (end face) and R (roller face) obtained as a result, the ratio value is calculated as surface resistance R (end face) / surface resistance R (roller face), and the same measurement is repeated three times. The average value after this was 1.5. It can be seen that the surface resistance at the end face is high.

さらに、帯電ローラとして実際に電子写真装置に入れて、耐久テストを行った。   Furthermore, a durability test was performed by actually putting it in an electrophotographic apparatus as a charging roller.

本試験で使用した電子写真式レーザープリンターはA4縦出力用の装置で、記録メディアの出力スピードは、94mm/secで画像解像度は600dpiである。感光体はアルミシリンダーに膜厚12μmの感光層をコートした反転現像方式の感光ドラムであり、最外層は変性ポリカーボネートをバインダー樹脂とする電荷輸送層である。トナーは、ワックスを中心に電荷制御剤と色素等を含有するスチレンとブチルアクリレートのランダムコポリマーを重合させ、さらに表面にポリエステル薄層を重合させシリカ微粒子を外添した。このトナーはガラス転移温度が63℃、体積平均粒子径が6μmの重合トナーである。   The electrophotographic laser printer used in this test is a device for A4 vertical output, the output speed of the recording medium is 94 mm / sec, and the image resolution is 600 dpi. The photoreceptor is a reversal development type photosensitive drum in which an aluminum cylinder is coated with a photosensitive layer having a thickness of 12 μm, and the outermost layer is a charge transport layer using a modified polycarbonate as a binder resin. The toner was obtained by polymerizing a random copolymer of styrene and butyl acrylate containing a charge control agent, a pigment and the like centering on wax, polymerizing a thin polyester layer on the surface, and externally adding silica fine particles. This toner is a polymerized toner having a glass transition temperature of 63 ° C. and a volume average particle diameter of 6 μm.

通紙試験を連続12000枚まで行い、端面からのリークによる画像不良の発生があるかどうかを500枚おきに確認した。なお、リークは8000枚以上発生しないことが好ましい。   A paper passing test was conducted up to 12,000 sheets continuously, and it was confirmed every 500 sheets whether there was an image defect due to leakage from the end face. It is preferable that no more than 8000 leaks occur.

その結果、9000枚までは連続通紙では端面からのリークに起因する画像不良の発生は無かった。   As a result, up to 9000 sheets, there was no occurrence of image failure due to leakage from the end face in continuous paper passing.

[実施例2]
本実施例ではイオン導電剤としてテトラブチルアンモニウムパークロレートを4部にした以外は実施例1と同様にして研磨まで行い、導電性ローラを作成した。
[Example 2]
In this example, polishing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 4 parts of tetrabutylammonium perchlorate was used as the ionic conductive agent, and a conductive roller was prepared.

さらに、端面にだけ紫外線が当たるように遮光板・反射板等を調整した表面処理装置において、回転させながら3分間照射を行い、導電性ローラを得た。表面抵抗を測定した結果、その比は2.1であった。   Furthermore, irradiation was performed for 3 minutes while rotating in a surface treatment apparatus in which a light shielding plate, a reflection plate, and the like were adjusted so that ultraviolet rays only hit the end face, and a conductive roller was obtained. As a result of measuring the surface resistance, the ratio was 2.1.

次に、導電性ローラの外周面上に被覆層を設けるために、ディッピング用塗布液として、下記の材料を混合して混合溶液を調製した。   Next, in order to provide a coating layer on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive roller, a mixed solution was prepared by mixing the following materials as a dipping coating solution.

カプロラクトン変性アクリルポリオール溶液100部、メチルイソブチルケトン250部、導電性酸化錫(体積抵抗率:103Ω・cm)190部、二酸化チタン(体積抵抗率:1016Ω・cm)24部、変性ジメチルシリコーンオイル0.08部、ポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA)粒子(平均粒径:5.1μm、体積抵抗率1016Ω・cm)60部。この混合液を攪拌機で30分間混合した後、ガラスビーズ(平均粒径:0.8mm)を分散メディアとして、上記分散メディアを80%充填したビーズミル分散機を用い、この分散機中で18時間分散した。分散溶液にヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(HDI)とイソホロンジイソシアネート(IPDI)の各ブタノンオキシムブロック体1:1の混合物を、NCO/OH=1.0となるように添加し、1時間攪拌して、ディッピング用塗布液を調製した。 Caprolactone-modified acrylic polyol solution 100 parts, methyl isobutyl ketone 250 parts, conductive tin oxide (volume resistivity: 10 3 Ω · cm) 190 parts, titanium dioxide (volume resistivity: 10 16 Ω · cm) 24 parts, modified dimethyl 0.08 part of silicone oil, 60 parts of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) particles (average particle size: 5.1 μm, volume resistivity 10 16 Ω · cm). This mixed solution is mixed for 30 minutes with a stirrer, and then dispersed in this disperser for 18 hours using a bead mill disperser filled with 80% of the above dispersive media using glass beads (average particle size: 0.8 mm) as the dispersive media. did. Add a mixture of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) 1: 1 butanone oxime block to the dispersion so that NCO / OH = 1.0 and stir for 1 hour for dipping. A coating solution was prepared.

前記塗布液をディッピングにより、前記導電性ローラの表面に塗工した。ディッピングは、導電性弾性体層の端面と芯金露出部に塗布液が付着しないように樹脂製のキャップを上下に被せて行った。ディッピング後、30分間風乾後、オーブンで160℃×1時間乾燥した。このとき膜厚は15μmであった。この導電性ローラの電気抵抗は約2×105[Ω]であった。 The coating solution was applied to the surface of the conductive roller by dipping. The dipping was performed by placing a resin cap on the top and bottom so that the coating solution did not adhere to the end face of the conductive elastic layer and the cored bar exposed portion. After dipping, it was air-dried for 30 minutes and then dried in an oven at 160 ° C. for 1 hour. At this time, the film thickness was 15 μm. The electric resistance of this conductive roller was about 2 × 10 5 [Ω].

本導電性ローラを帯電ローラとして用いて連続通紙試験を行った結果、リークに起因する画像不良の発生は9500枚までは無かった。   As a result of a continuous paper passing test using the conductive roller as a charging roller, no image defect occurred due to leakage up to 9500 sheets.

[実施例3]
本実施例ではダイスの内径をφ10mmにした以外は実施例1と同様にして未加硫ローラを作成した。
[Example 3]
In this example, an unvulcanized roller was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the inner diameter of the die was changed to φ10 mm.

次に、図5に模式的に示す圧接加硫装置を用いて、加硫を行った。圧接加硫装置において、円筒状の圧接部材として内部に入ったヒータによって160℃に加熱したものを用い、20分の圧接加硫を行った。なお、圧接加硫装置においては、片側1kgの荷重になるようにバネを調整した。さらにその後、180℃にあらかじめ熱せられた熱風炉中で30分間の二次加硫を行い、端部がR面付きの導電性ローラを得た。なお、円筒状の圧接部材はいわゆる逆クラウン形状をなしており、ローラゴム部の端部に相当する部分と中央に相当する部分で、0.1mmの外径差を設けているものである。   Next, vulcanization was performed using a pressure vulcanization apparatus schematically shown in FIG. In the pressure welding vulcanizer, pressure welding vulcanization was performed for 20 minutes using a cylindrical pressure welding member heated to 160 ° C. by a heater contained inside. In the pressure vulcanizing apparatus, the spring was adjusted so that the load on one side was 1 kg. Thereafter, secondary vulcanization was carried out for 30 minutes in a hot air oven preheated to 180 ° C. to obtain a conductive roller having an R surface at the end. Note that the cylindrical pressure contact member has a so-called reverse crown shape, and has an outer diameter difference of 0.1 mm between a portion corresponding to the end of the roller rubber portion and a portion corresponding to the center.

図5の圧接加硫装置により、円筒状の圧接部材による圧接加硫と同時に、端部に押し付ける圧接部材(端部圧接部材)により圧接を行った。端部に押し付ける圧接部材の凹部の形状はR=1.5mmの円弧状の形状をなしているものを用いた。従って、圧接部材の形状が1.5mm幅で半径が1.5mm変化しているため、形状変化率としては、最大で約223.6%となる。端部に押し付ける圧接部材の温度は円筒状の圧接部材よりも高い180℃とした。   With the pressure vulcanization apparatus shown in FIG. 5, pressure welding was performed with a pressure welding member (end pressure welding member) pressed against the end portion simultaneously with the pressure welding vulcanization with the cylindrical pressure welding member. The shape of the concave portion of the pressure contact member pressed against the end portion was an arc shape with R = 1.5 mm. Therefore, since the shape of the pressure contact member is 1.5 mm wide and the radius is changed by 1.5 mm, the shape change rate is about 223.6% at the maximum. The temperature of the pressing member pressed against the end portion was 180 ° C., which was higher than that of the cylindrical pressing member.

さらに、ローラ面にだけ紫外線が当たるように遮光板・反射板等を調整した表面処理装置において、回転させながら3分間照射を行い、導電性ローラを得た。表面抵抗を測定した結果、その比は1.6であった。   Furthermore, irradiation was performed for 3 minutes while rotating in a surface treatment apparatus in which a light shielding plate, a reflection plate, and the like were adjusted so that only the roller surface was exposed to ultraviolet rays, to obtain a conductive roller. As a result of measuring the surface resistance, the ratio was 1.6.

本導電性ローラを帯電ローラとして用いて連続通紙試験を行った結果、リークに起因する画像不良の発生は9500枚までは無かった。   As a result of a continuous paper passing test using the conductive roller as a charging roller, no image defect occurred due to leakage up to 9500 sheets.

[実施例4]
本実施例では、端部に押し付ける圧接部材の温度を200℃とした以外は実施例3と同様にして導電性弾性体層を形成した。
[Example 4]
In this example, a conductive elastic body layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the temperature of the pressure contact member pressed to the end portion was 200 ° C.

表面抵抗を測定した結果、その比は2.0であった。   As a result of measuring the surface resistance, the ratio was 2.0.

本導電性ローラを帯電ローラとして用いて連続通紙試験を行った結果、リークに起因する画像不良の発生は11000枚までは無かった。   As a result of conducting a continuous paper passing test using the conductive roller as a charging roller, no image defect occurred due to leakage up to 11,000 sheets.

[実施例5]
本実施例では、導電性弾性体層に用いる材料を実施例2と同じ物を用い、端部に押し付ける圧接部材の温度を220℃とした以外は実施例3と同様にして導電性弾性体層を形成した。
[Example 5]
In this example, the same material as used in Example 2 was used as the material for the conductive elastic layer, and the temperature of the pressure contact member pressed against the end portion was 220 ° C. Formed.

表面抵抗の比を測定した結果、3.4であった。   As a result of measuring the ratio of surface resistance, it was 3.4.

その後、塗布液は実施例2と同じものを用い、塗工を行った。なお、芯金露出部、テーパー面には塗布液が付着しないように樹脂製のキャップを被せて塗工を行った。   Thereafter, the same coating solution as in Example 2 was used for coating. It should be noted that coating was performed by covering the exposed core and the tapered surface with a resin cap so that the coating solution did not adhere.

本導電性ローラを帯電ローラとして用いて連続通紙試験を行った結果、リークに起因する画像不良の発生は11500枚まで無かった。   As a result of conducting a continuous paper passing test using the conductive roller as a charging roller, there was no occurrence of image defects due to leakage up to 11500 sheets.

[実施例6]
本実施例では、弾性体層に用いる未加硫ゴム組成物を以下のものに変更し、圧接加硫の時間を40分に変更した以外は、実施例5と同様にして、弾性体層を形成した。
[Example 6]
In this example, the unvulcanized rubber composition used for the elastic layer was changed to the following, and the elastic layer was changed in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the pressure vulcanization time was changed to 40 minutes. Formed.

本実施例では未加硫ゴム組成物として、エチレンープロピレンージエン三元共重合体(三井石油化学社製 EPT4045)100部に対して、導電剤としてケッチェンブラック(三菱化学社製 ケッチェンブラックEC)6部、SRFカーボンブラック(旭カーボン社製 旭#35)50部、軟化剤としてパラフィンオイルを40部、加硫促進助剤として、酸化亜鉛5部、ステアリン酸1部、架橋剤として硫黄2部、加硫促進剤としてメルカプトベンゾチアゾール(MBT)2部、ジブチルジチオカルバミン酸亜鉛(ZnBDC)1部、テトラメチルチウラムジスルフィド(TMTD)1部をオープンロールを用いて混合したものを用いた。   In this example, as an unvulcanized rubber composition, 100 parts of an ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPT4045 manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Co., Ltd.) is used as a conductive agent. EC) 6 parts, SRF carbon black (Asahi Carbon 35 Asahi # 35) 50 parts, 40 parts paraffin oil as softening agent, 5 parts zinc oxide as vulcanization accelerator, 1 part stearic acid, sulfur as crosslinking agent As a vulcanization accelerator, 2 parts, 2 parts of mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), 1 part of zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate (ZnBDC) and 1 part of tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) were mixed using an open roll.

表面抵抗の比を測定した結果、1.5であった。   As a result of measuring the ratio of the surface resistance, it was 1.5.

本導電性ローラを帯電ローラとして用いて連続通紙試験を行った結果、リークに起因する画像不良の発生は8500枚まで無かった。   As a result of conducting a continuous paper passing test using the conductive roller as a charging roller, no image defect occurred due to leakage up to 8500 sheets.

[実施例7]
本実施例では、実施例5と同様にして、弾性体層を形成した。その後、塗工時に上側のテーパー面の途中までローラを浸漬し、引き上げを行った。なお、下部のテーパー面には、図7に模式的に示すようにテーパー面の途中まで被さる樹脂製のキャップ40を付けて塗工を行った。図7中、38は芯金、39は導電性弾性体層である。
[Example 7]
In this example, an elastic body layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 5. Then, the roller was immersed in the middle of the upper tapered surface at the time of coating and pulled up. The lower taper surface was coated with a resin cap 40 covering the middle of the taper surface as schematically shown in FIG. In FIG. 7, 38 is a metal core, and 39 is a conductive elastic layer.

本導電性ローラを帯電ローラとして用いて連続通紙試験を行った結果、リークに起因する画像不良の発生は12000枚まで無かった。   As a result of conducting a continuous paper passing test using this conductive roller as a charging roller, no image defect occurred due to leakage up to 12,000 sheets.

[比較例1]
本比較例では、端面の表面処理を除いては実施例1と同様にして、導電性ローラを作成した。この導電性ローラの表面抵抗を測定した結果、その比の値は、0.7であった。
[Comparative Example 1]
In this comparative example, a conductive roller was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the surface treatment of the end face. As a result of measuring the surface resistance of this conductive roller, the value of the ratio was 0.7.

本比較例のローラを帯電ローラとして用いて連続通紙試験を行ったところ、7000枚通紙時点でリークによる画像不良の発生が確認された。   When a continuous paper passing test was performed using the roller of this comparative example as a charging roller, it was confirmed that an image defect due to a leak occurred when 7000 sheets were passed.

[比較例2]
本比較例では、圧接部材に温度差を設けない状態(円筒状の圧接部材、端部に押し付ける圧接部材ともに160℃)で成形した以外は、実施例5と同様にして、導電性ローラを作成した。この導電性ローラの表面抵抗を測定した結果、その比の値は、約1であった。
[Comparative Example 2]
In this comparative example, a conductive roller was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the pressure contact member was molded without any temperature difference (both the cylindrical pressure contact member and the pressure contact member pressed against the end portion were 160 ° C.). did. As a result of measuring the surface resistance of this conductive roller, the value of the ratio was about 1.

本比較例のローラを帯電ローラとして用いて連続通紙試験を行ったところ、6500枚通紙時点でリークによる画像不良の発生が確認された。   When a continuous paper passing test was performed using the roller of this comparative example as a charging roller, it was confirmed that an image defect due to a leak occurred when 6500 sheets were passed.

[比較例3]
本比較例では、図8に模式的に示す円筒型を用いて、注型によって導電性ローラを作成した。図8において、42は円筒型であり両端に芯金41を保持し端面のテーパー面を形作る形状を持つ駒43を備える。駒43には注型用の孔44が開いており、円筒型の中のキャビティに材料を注入することができる。
[Comparative Example 3]
In this comparative example, a conductive roller was prepared by casting using a cylindrical shape schematically shown in FIG. In FIG. 8, reference numeral 42 denotes a cylindrical type, and includes a piece 43 having a shape that holds a core metal 41 at both ends and forms a tapered surface of the end face. A casting hole 44 is opened in the piece 43 so that material can be injected into the cavity in the cylindrical shape.

円筒型を用いて作成したローラには、円筒型と芯金を支持する駒の隙間にばりが発生してしまった。この導電性ローラの表面抵抗を比の値は、約1であった。   In a roller made using a cylindrical type, flash was generated in the gap between the cylindrical type and the piece supporting the cored bar. The ratio of the surface resistance of this conductive roller was about 1.

その後、塗工を行ったが、ばりにより塗布液が均一に塗工できない塗工不良が発生した。   Thereafter, coating was performed, but a coating failure occurred in which the coating solution could not be uniformly coated due to flash.

接触帯電部材、接触転写部材を用いた電子写真装置の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of an electrophotographic apparatus using a contact charging member and a contact transfer member. 本発明の導電性ローラの一例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of an example of the electroconductive roller of this invention. 本発明を実施するための押出し機の一例の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of an example of the extruder for implementing this invention. 本発明を実施するための円筒状の圧接部材と、端部に局率変化のある円筒状の圧接部材とを有する圧接加硫装置の、Aは正面図、Bは側面図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS A is a front view, B is a side view of the pressure vulcanization apparatus which has a cylindrical pressure welding member for implementing this invention, and the cylindrical pressure welding member which has a local rate change in an edge part. 本発明を実施するための円筒状の圧接部材と、端部圧接部材とを有する圧接回転加熱表面処理装置の、Aは上面図、Bは側面図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS A is a top view and B is a side view of the pressure rotating heating surface treatment apparatus which has a cylindrical press-contact member for implementing this invention, and an edge part press-contact member. 本発明を実施するための表面処理装置の、Aは正面図、Bは側面図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS A of the surface treatment apparatus for implementing this invention is A front view, B is a side view. 本発明を実施するための、ディッピング時のキャップを示したものである。1 shows a cap at the time of dipping for carrying out the present invention. 比較例を実施するための、円筒型の断面図を模式的に示したものである。A cylindrical sectional view for carrying out a comparative example is schematically shown.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 感光体
2 帯電部材
3 露光光
4 現像部材
5 転写部材
6 転写材
7 定着部材
8 クリーニング部材
9 トナー
10 回転軸
11,17、38 芯金
12、39 導電性弾性体層
13 表面層
14 押出し機
15 クロスヘッド
16 芯金送りローラ
18、19、26、33 未加硫ローラ
20、27 圧接部材
21 圧接部材(端部に曲率変化あり)
22、28 加圧用バネ
23、29 スライダー
24、30、34 保持部材
25、31、35 モータ
32 端部圧接部材
36 遮光部材
37 UVランプ
40 キャップ
41 芯金
42 円筒型
43 駒
44 注型孔
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Photoconductor 2 Charging member 3 Exposure light 4 Developing member 5 Transfer member 6 Transfer material 7 Fixing member 8 Cleaning member 9 Toner 10 Rotating shafts 11, 17, 38 Core metal 12, 39 Conductive elastic body layer 13 Surface layer 14 Extruder 15 Crosshead 16 Core metal feed rollers 18, 19, 26, 33 Unvulcanized rollers 20, 27 Pressure contact member 21 Pressure contact member (curvature change at end)
22, 28 Pressurizing springs 23, 29 Sliders 24, 30, 34 Holding members 25, 31, 35 Motor 32 End pressing member 36 Shading member 37 UV lamp 40 Cap 41 Core metal 42 Cylindrical shape 43 Frame 44 Injection hole

Claims (6)

少なくとも一つの導電性弾性体層を備え、最外層の導電性弾性体層のローラ端面或いはテーパー面の表面抵抗が、被当接部材に圧接して使用されるローラ面の表面抵抗に比べて高いことを特徴とする導電性ローラ。   Provided with at least one conductive elastic layer, the surface resistance of the roller end surface or tapered surface of the outermost conductive elastic layer is higher than the surface resistance of the roller surface used in pressure contact with the contacted member A conductive roller characterized by that. 前記最外層の導電性弾性体層の外周のうち前記被当接部材と接触する面が、少なくとも一層の表面層でさらに被覆されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の導電性ローラ。   2. The conductive roller according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the outermost conductive elastic layer that contacts the contacted member is further covered with at least one surface layer. 前記表面層が、前記被当接部材と接触する面よりもローラ軸方向に幅広く、前記テーパー面の一部にまで被覆されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の導電性ローラ。   3. The conductive roller according to claim 2, wherein the surface layer is wider in a roller axial direction than a surface in contact with the contacted member and is covered to a part of the tapered surface. 前記導電性弾性体層がイオン導電性を有するゴムを含有することを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の導電性ローラ。   The conductive roller according to claim 1, wherein the conductive elastic layer contains a rubber having ionic conductivity. ポリマー原料と添加剤を配合し混練された未加硫ゴム組成物を、芯金とともに押し出すことで芯金上に未加硫ゴム組成物を被覆する工程と、該芯金上の未加硫ゴム組成物を圧接部材によって圧力をかけた状態で、回転させながら加熱を行う圧接回転加熱工程とを有する導電性ローラの製造方法において、該圧接部材が、ローラ長手方向の形状変化率が1%以上である部分を備えることを特徴とする導電性ローラの製造方法。   A step of coating an unvulcanized rubber composition on a core metal by extruding a kneaded unvulcanized rubber composition containing a polymer raw material and an additive together with a core metal, and an unvulcanized rubber on the core metal In a method of manufacturing a conductive roller having a pressure-rotation heating process in which the composition is heated while being rotated in a state where pressure is applied by the pressure-contact member, the pressure-contact member has a shape change rate of 1% or more in the roller longitudinal direction. The manufacturing method of the electroconductive roller characterized by including the part which is. 前記圧接部材の前記形状変化率が1%以上である部分の表面の温度を、該圧接部材の他の圧接面の温度よりも、高くすることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の導電性ローラの製造方法。

The conductive roller according to claim 5, wherein the temperature of the surface of the pressure contact member where the shape change rate is 1% or more is higher than the temperature of the other pressure contact surface of the pressure contact member. Manufacturing method.

JP2005073252A 2005-03-15 2005-03-15 Conductive roller and method for manufacturing same Withdrawn JP2006258933A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011128502A (en) * 2009-12-21 2011-06-30 Canon Inc Developing roller, method of manufacturing the same, process cartridge and electrophotographic image forming apparatus
JP2018045095A (en) * 2016-09-14 2018-03-22 キヤノン株式会社 Electrophotographic member, method for manufacturing the same, process cartridge, and electrophotographic image forming apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011128502A (en) * 2009-12-21 2011-06-30 Canon Inc Developing roller, method of manufacturing the same, process cartridge and electrophotographic image forming apparatus
JP2018045095A (en) * 2016-09-14 2018-03-22 キヤノン株式会社 Electrophotographic member, method for manufacturing the same, process cartridge, and electrophotographic image forming apparatus

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