JP2006247700A - Continuous rotary type pressure dehydration apparatus and its control method - Google Patents

Continuous rotary type pressure dehydration apparatus and its control method Download PDF

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JP2006247700A
JP2006247700A JP2005067703A JP2005067703A JP2006247700A JP 2006247700 A JP2006247700 A JP 2006247700A JP 2005067703 A JP2005067703 A JP 2005067703A JP 2005067703 A JP2005067703 A JP 2005067703A JP 2006247700 A JP2006247700 A JP 2006247700A
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pressure
outlet pressure
channel
outlet
moisture content
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Noboru Suzuki
鈴木　　登
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Kubota Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably obtain a dehydrated material of a set low moisture content in a continuous rotary type pressure dehydration apparatus. <P>SOLUTION: The continuous rotary type pressure dehydration apparatus 10 equipped with a plurality of channels 100 is provided with a back pressure plate 109 in an outlet 107 of each of the respective channels 100, and is provided with a sensor for detecting the inlet pressure or outlet pressure of each channel 100 or the moisture content of the dehydrated cake W discharged therefrom. The pressure is relaxed by opening the back pressure plate 109 when the pressures exceed the prescribed values. Relating to the channel which is once relaxed in the pressure, the similar control is thereafter repetitively performed at every other prescribed time. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、下水や工業廃水などから脱水物（脱水ケーキ）を得るための回転加圧脱水装置に関し、さらに詳しくは、設定値どおりの含水率を備えた脱水物が安定して得られ、かつ、特に複数の脱水用チャンネル（ここでは単にチャンネルという）を有するいわゆる連装式回転加圧脱水装置において、各チャンネルを通じて均一な含水率を備えた脱水ケーキを安定して得るための回転加圧脱水装置、及びその制御方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a rotary pressure dehydration apparatus for obtaining a dehydrated product (dehydrated cake) from sewage or industrial wastewater. More specifically, a dehydrated product having a moisture content according to a set value can be stably obtained, and In particular, in a so-called continuous rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus having a plurality of dewatering channels (herein simply referred to as channels), a rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus for stably obtaining a dehydrated cake having a uniform moisture content through each channel And a control method thereof.

例えば、下水汚泥や工業廃水等の濃縮や脱水を行うに当たっては、ベルトプレス型脱水機や遠心脱水機等の各種脱水機が用いられているが、省スペース・省エネルギーでありながら高い脱水性能が期待できる回転加圧脱水装置が近年広く用いられている（特許文献１参照）。   For example, various dehydrators such as belt press dehydrators and centrifugal dehydrators are used for concentration and dewatering of sewage sludge and industrial wastewater, but high dewatering performance is expected while saving space and energy. A rotary pressure dehydration apparatus that can be used has been widely used in recent years (see Patent Document 1).

この回転加圧脱水装置は、図４Ａ、Ｂにその縦及び横断面を示すように、駆動軸１０１により駆動回転自在でかつ円盤状の内輪スペーサ１０２と、この内輪スペーサ１０２と同心状でかつその内周が内輪スペーサ１０２の外周と所定間隔を隔てて配置され、かつその外周の一部が外に向かって開いた開口部Ｓを有する側面視略Ｃ字状の外輪スペーサ１０３とを備えている。   As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus has a disk-shaped inner ring spacer 102 that can be driven and rotated by a drive shaft 101, and is concentric with the inner ring spacer 102. An outer ring spacer 103 having a substantially C-shape in side view and having an opening S that has an inner circumference arranged at a predetermined interval from the outer circumference of the inner ring spacer 102 and a part of the outer circumference opened outward. .

内輪スペーサ１０２の両側面にはやはり円盤状の覆設板部１０５ａ，１０５ｂ（図４Ａ）が同心状に取り付けられており、この覆設板部１０５ａ，１０５ｂの外径は外輪スペーサ１０３の内周よりも大きく、そのため内輪スペーサ１０２に取り付けたとき、その内側面が内輪スペーサ１０２及び外輪スペーサ１０３との間に形成される環状空間の側面を囲い、後述する下水汚泥などを脱水するための脱水処理室１０８を画成する。   Disc-shaped covering plate portions 105 a and 105 b (FIG. 4A) are also concentrically attached to both side surfaces of the inner ring spacer 102, and the outer diameters of the covering plate portions 105 a and 105 b are the inner circumference of the outer ring spacer 103. Therefore, when attached to the inner ring spacer 102, the inner side surface surrounds the side surface of the annular space formed between the inner ring spacer 102 and the outer ring spacer 103, and dewatering treatment for dewatering sewage sludge and the like to be described later A chamber 108 is defined.

この覆設板部１０５ａ，１０５ｂの内輪スペーサ１０２と外輪スペーサ１０３間に形成された環状空間１０８に臨む部分には、多数の貫通孔ｈを有する金属製円盤フィルタ（透水性固液分離板の一例）が形成されており、後記するように下水汚泥などの脱水時に水分がこのフィルタを通して機外に排水される。   A metal disk filter (an example of a water-permeable solid-liquid separator plate) having a large number of through holes h is formed in a portion facing the annular space 108 formed between the inner ring spacer 102 and the outer ring spacer 103 of the covering plate portions 105a and 105b. As will be described later, moisture is drained out of the machine through this filter during dewatering of sewage sludge and the like.

外輪スペーサ１０３の前記開口部Ｓには、仕切スペーサ１０４が図４Ｂに示すように、開口部Ｓの上下の壁部との間に間隔を置いて配置され、その上面１０４ａは、外輪スペーサ１０３の上側開口壁１０３ａとの間で下水汚泥等を取り入れる入口部１０６を形成し、かつその下面１０４ｂは、外輪スペーサ１０３の前記下側開口壁１０３ｂとの間で脱水物を排出するための出口部１０７を形成している。この仕切スペーサ１０４の機内側端部１０４ｃは、内輪スペーサ１０２の外周面１０２ａに対応した円周面に形成されており、内輪スペーサ１０２が仕切スペーサ１０４の外周面１０４ａを摺接しながら回転するようになっている。   In the opening S of the outer ring spacer 103, as shown in FIG. 4B, a partition spacer 104 is disposed with a space between the upper and lower walls of the opening S, and an upper surface 104a thereof is formed on the outer ring spacer 103. An inlet portion 106 for taking in sewage sludge and the like is formed between the upper opening wall 103a and its lower surface 104b is an outlet portion 107 for discharging dehydrated matter between the lower opening wall 103b of the outer ring spacer 103. Is forming. The inner end 104c of the partition spacer 104 is formed on a circumferential surface corresponding to the outer peripheral surface 102a of the inner ring spacer 102 so that the inner ring spacer 102 rotates while sliding on the outer peripheral surface 104a of the partition spacer 104. It has become.

以上の構成により、入口部１０６及び出口部１０７を備え、内輪スペーサ１０２と、外輪スペーサ１０３と、仕切スペーサ１０４と前記覆設板部１０５ａ，１０５ｂとによって囲まれ、かつ、図示しないシール材等により密封された脱水処理室１０８が形成される。   With the above configuration, the inlet portion 106 and the outlet portion 107 are provided, and the inner ring spacer 102, the outer ring spacer 103, the partition spacer 104, and the covering plate portions 105a and 105b are surrounded by a sealing material (not shown). A sealed dehydration chamber 108 is formed.

また、内輪スペーサ１０２、外輪スペーサ１０３、仕切スペーサ１０４、覆設板部１０５ａ，１０５ｂは、図４Ａに示すようにカバー１２により支持されると共に全体が被覆されている。   Further, the inner ring spacer 102, the outer ring spacer 103, the partition spacer 104, and the covering plate portions 105a and 105b are supported by the cover 12 and entirely covered as shown in FIG. 4A.

ここで、出口部１０７には、図４Ｂに模式的に示す空気バネ１１０で支持された背圧板１０９が設けられており、この背圧板１０９は、図示しない制御装置により、出口部１０９に設けた圧力センサーなどの圧力情報に基づき、例えばコンプレッサーなどにより背圧板１０９の開度を調整して、脱水処理室１０８からの脱水ケーキの排出に抵抗を与え出口圧力を調整する。   Here, the outlet portion 107 is provided with a back pressure plate 109 supported by an air spring 110 schematically shown in FIG. 4B. This back pressure plate 109 is provided at the outlet portion 109 by a control device (not shown). Based on pressure information from the pressure sensor or the like, for example, the opening of the back pressure plate 109 is adjusted by a compressor or the like to provide resistance to discharge of the dewatered cake from the dewatering treatment chamber 108 and adjust the outlet pressure.

図５は、以上で説明した回転加圧脱水装置を作動させるための全体のシステムを概略的に示す図である。
下水汚泥等は汚泥圧入ポンプ１２０で加圧され、かつ凝集剤注入ポンプ１２２を介して凝集剤を注入し、フロキュレータ１２４を通して凝集調質された汚泥（いわゆる凝集汚泥）等を回転加圧脱水装置１０に所定圧力で連続的に供給する。
回転加圧脱水装置１０側では、図４Ａに示すように、モータ（図示せず）により駆動軸１０１を回転して前記内輪スペーサ１０２及び前記覆設板部１０５ａ，１０５ｂとで構成するスクリーンを１分間当たり０．２〜１．３回の速度で回転し、供給された汚泥は、覆設板部１０５ａ，１０５ｂの回転力及び凝集汚泥の圧入圧力により、凝集汚泥が入口部１０６から出口部１０７方向へと脱水されながら搬送される。 FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing an entire system for operating the rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus described above.
Sewage sludge and the like are pressurized by a sludge injection pump 120, and a flocculant is injected through a flocculant injection pump 122. 10 is continuously supplied at a predetermined pressure.
As shown in FIG. 4A, on the rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus 10 side, a drive shaft 101 is rotated by a motor (not shown) to form a screen composed of the inner ring spacer 102 and the covering plate portions 105a and 105b. The supplied sludge rotates at a speed of 0.2 to 1.3 times per minute, and the aggregated sludge is fed from the inlet portion 106 to the outlet portion 107 by the rotational force of the covering plate portions 105a and 105b and the pressure of the aggregated sludge. It is conveyed while dewatering in the direction.

即ち、凝集汚泥は図４Ｂに示すように、脱水処理室１０８でろ過処理が行われ徐々に流動性を失い、内輪スペーサ１０２、覆設板部１０５ａ，１０５ｂの回転によるせん断力により脱水処理されながら出口部１０７側方向へと押し出される。
凝集汚泥は、内輪スペーサ１０２、覆設板部１０５ａ，１０５ｂの回転力と凝集汚泥の圧密および背圧板１０９の背圧により圧搾脱水処理されて、脱水ケーキＷとして、出口部１０７より例えば最大６００ｋｐａの一定圧になるように、空気バネ１０９で出口部１０７の断面積を調整して排出する。また、汚泥等の水分は、覆設部材１０５ａ、１０５ｂの金属製円盤フィルタからカバー１２内を経て外部に排出される。 That is, as shown in FIG. 4B, the agglomerated sludge is filtered in the dehydration chamber 108 and gradually loses fluidity while being dehydrated by the shearing force generated by the rotation of the inner ring spacer 102 and the covering plate portions 105a and 105b. It is pushed out toward the outlet 107 side.
The agglomerated sludge is squeezed and dehydrated by the rotational force of the inner ring spacer 102 and the covering plate parts 105a and 105b, the agglomerated sludge compaction, and the back pressure of the back pressure plate 109 to obtain a dehydrated cake W of, for example, a maximum of 600 kpa from the outlet part 107. The air spring 109 adjusts the cross-sectional area of the outlet 107 so that the pressure is constant, and then discharges. Further, moisture such as sludge is discharged to the outside through the cover 12 from the metal disk filters of the covering members 105a and 105b.

この脱水作業中、何らかの原因で出口付近の汚泥の含水率が設定値より下がると汚泥が排出されにくくなり、その結果、出口付近の圧力が高まり、かつ圧力が高まることでさらに含水率が低下するという循環に陥ることがある。この循環が始まると汚泥が極めて排出され難い状態（詰まり状態という）になる。   During this dewatering operation, if the moisture content of the sludge near the outlet falls below the set value for some reason, it becomes difficult to discharge the sludge. As a result, the pressure near the outlet increases, and the moisture content further decreases as the pressure increases. May fall into the cycle. When this circulation starts, the sludge becomes extremely difficult to be discharged (called a clogged state).

実際には、このような状態に至らないまでも、回転加圧脱水装置の脱水処理中に入口圧力或いは出口圧力が変化すると、出口から排出される脱水ケーキWの含水率や、ＳＳ回収率（処理原液が脱水ケーキと濾液とに分けられる際、処理原液中の固形分が脱水ケーキとして回収される率）が不安定になる。   In fact, even if this state does not occur, if the inlet pressure or the outlet pressure changes during the dehydration process of the rotary pressure dehydrator, the moisture content of the dewatered cake W discharged from the outlet, the SS recovery rate ( When the processing stock solution is divided into the dehydrated cake and the filtrate, the rate at which the solid content in the processing stock solution is recovered as a dehydrated cake becomes unstable.

とくに、連装式回転加圧脱水装置１０では、運転中に各チャンネルにおいて脱水処理室１０８内に圧力差が生じると、下水汚泥等は比較的圧力の低いチャンネルにより多く流入するため、特定のチャンネルの下水汚泥等の流入量が増大する。チャンネルに流入する汚泥量が増大すると、汚泥は十分に脱水されず、十分脱水されないままの汚泥が出口から排出されるいわゆるウォッシュアウトが生じ、その結果、チャンネル毎に含水率の異なる脱水物を生じるだけではなく、極端に圧力の上がったチャンネルは詰まって正常に機能しなくなるという問題が生じる。   In particular, in the continuous rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus 10, if a pressure difference is generated in the dehydration processing chamber 108 in each channel during operation, sewage sludge and the like flow into a channel having a relatively low pressure. The inflow of sewage sludge increases. When the amount of sludge flowing into the channel increases, the sludge is not sufficiently dehydrated, and so-called washout occurs in which the sludge that has not been sufficiently dehydrated is discharged from the outlet, resulting in dehydrated products with different moisture contents for each channel. Not only does this cause the problem that channels that are extremely pressure-filled become clogged.

このように複数のチャンネルを備えた連装式回転加圧脱水装置では、同じ条件で運転を開始しても、それそれの特性の差等から時間の経過と共に処理量のバランスが崩れることが生じ、設定どおりの含水率の脱水物が得られず、その場合には、脱水ケーキ全体の含水率も上昇することになる。   In such a continuous rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus having a plurality of channels, even if the operation is started under the same conditions, the balance of the processing amount may be lost over time due to a difference in characteristics of each, A dehydrated product with a moisture content as set cannot be obtained, in which case the moisture content of the entire dehydrated cake will also increase.

表１は、これをデータで示したものであって、状態１は各チャンネル毎の脱水処理がバランスよく行われている場合の実測値であり、状態２は以上で述べたようにバランスが崩れた状態での実測値である。   Table 1 shows this as data. State 1 is an actual measurement value when dehydration processing is performed in a balanced manner for each channel, and state 2 is out of balance as described above. It is a measured value in the state.

Figure 2006247700
Figure 2006247700

表１から明らかなように、供給汚泥量１０．２ｍ３／ｈでその濃度が３．３％であるときのチャンネル１の排出汚泥量及び含水率はそれぞれ０．８ｍ３／ｈ及び７８．２％であるのに対し、チャンネル２ではそれぞれ０．７ｍ３／ｈ及び７７．９％である。
これに対し、状態２では、供給汚泥量１０．０ｍ３／ｈでその濃度が３．４％であるときのチャンネル１の排出汚泥量及び含水率はそれぞれ０．５ｍ３／ｈ及び７６．９％であるのに対し、チャンネル２ではそれぞれ１．３ｍ３／ｈ及び８３．２％である As is apparent from Table 1, when the supplied sludge amount is 10.2 m 3 / h and the concentration is 3.3%, the discharged sludge amount and moisture content of channel 1 are 0.8 m 3 / h and 78.2, respectively. % For channel 2 is 0.7 m 3 / h and 77.9% respectively.
On the other hand, in the state 2, when the supplied sludge amount is 10.0 m 3 / h and the concentration is 3.4%, the discharged sludge amount and the moisture content of the channel 1 are 0.5 m 3 / h and 76.9, respectively. % For channel 2 is 1.3m 3 / h and 83.2% respectively.

このように状態２ではチャンネル１と２との間で排出汚泥量及び含水率のいずれも大幅に異なっており、その加重平均をみると含水率は状態２では８１．５％で状態１の７８．１％よりも増大してしまい、汚泥の減容化にも不利になることが分かる。   Thus, in state 2, both the amount of discharged sludge and the moisture content are significantly different between channels 1 and 2, and when the weighted average is seen, the moisture content is 81.5% in state 2 and 78 in state 1. It increases from more than 1%, and it turns out that it becomes disadvantageous also for sludge volume reduction.

回転加圧脱水装置の脱水処理中における入口或いは出口圧力の変化に対応するため、入口或いは出口通路に圧力センサーを設けて、出口部の圧力を常時監視し、出口の開口面積やスクリーン（金属製円盤フィルタ）の回転速度を自動調整して安定性を確保するものが提案されている（特許文献２参照）。
しかしながら、特許文献２に記載された回転加圧脱水装置は、チャンネルが一個の回転加圧脱水装置の場合は十分適用可能であるが、１台のモータで複数のスクリーンの駆動を行う連装式回転加圧脱水装置の場合はチャンネル毎の制御ができないため、そのまま適用することはできない等の問題もある。
特開２００４−９００４８号公報 特開２００４−７４０６６号公報 In order to respond to changes in the inlet or outlet pressure during the dehydration process of the rotary pressure dehydrator, a pressure sensor is provided in the inlet or outlet passage to constantly monitor the outlet pressure, and the outlet opening area and screen (made of metal A filter that automatically adjusts the rotational speed of a disk filter to ensure stability has been proposed (see Patent Document 2).
However, the rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus described in Patent Document 2 is sufficiently applicable in the case of a rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus with one channel, but it is a continuous rotation that drives a plurality of screens with a single motor. In the case of a pressure dehydrating apparatus, since control for each channel cannot be performed, there is a problem that it cannot be applied as it is.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-90048 JP 2004-74066 A

本発明は、回転加圧脱水装置における上記問題に鑑みてなされてものであって、その目的は、回転加圧脱水装置における脱水物の含水率を設定値どおりに維持することを低コストで実現し、特に、複数のチャンネルを備えたいわゆる連装式回転加圧脱水装置の各チャンネルから均質化した脱水物を安定的に得るようにして、脱水物の含水率を設定時どおりに維持させることを低コストで実現することである。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems in the rotary pressure dehydration apparatus, and the object thereof is to maintain the water content of the dehydrated product in the rotary pressure dehydration apparatus at a low cost. In particular, it is possible to stably obtain a homogenized dehydrated product from each channel of a so-called continuous rotary pressure dehydrator having a plurality of channels, and to maintain the moisture content of the dehydrated product as set. This is to be realized at low cost.

請求項１の発明は、複数のチャンネルを備えた連装式回転加圧脱水装置であって、前記チャンネルの出口圧力調整手段、及び該出口圧力調整手段を作動して出口圧力を制御する手段を有し、前記出口圧力を制御する手段は、前記出口圧力調整手段を作動して出口圧力を緩和するか又は高める制御を行うことを特徴とする。
請求項２の発明は、請求項１に記載された連装式回転加圧脱水装置において、前記出口圧力を制御する手段は、前記出口圧力調整手段を所定周期で連続的に作動して又は予め定めた所定時間毎に繰り返し作動して、出口圧力を緩和又は高める制御を行うことを特徴とする。
請求項３の発明は、請求項１に記載された連装式回転加圧脱水装置において、各チャンネル毎のその入口又は出口圧力又は流量、又は排出される脱水物の含水率を検知する検知手段を有し、前記出口圧力を制御する手段は、前記検知手段の検知結果が予め定めた設定値から外れたとき、出口圧力調整手段を作動して、出口圧力を緩和又は高める制御行うことを特徴とする。
請求項４の発明は、連装式回転加圧脱水装置の制御方法であって、各チャンネル毎のその入口又は出口圧力又は流量、或いは排出される脱水物の含水率を検知する工程、検知された入口又は出口圧力又は流量、或いは排出される脱水物の含水率を予め定めた値と比較する工程、検知された入口又は出口圧力或いは排出される脱水物の含水率が前記予め定めた値から外れたとき、当該チャンネルの出口圧力調整手段を作動してその出口圧力を緩和又は高める工程、を有し、前記出口圧力を緩和又は高める工程を所定時間毎に繰り返し実行することを特徴とする。 The invention of claim 1 is a continuous rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus having a plurality of channels, comprising an outlet pressure adjusting means for the channel and means for controlling the outlet pressure by operating the outlet pressure adjusting means. The means for controlling the outlet pressure is characterized in that the outlet pressure adjusting means is operated to reduce or increase the outlet pressure.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the continuous rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus according to the first aspect, the means for controlling the outlet pressure operates the outlet pressure adjusting means continuously in a predetermined cycle or is predetermined. It is characterized in that it is operated repeatedly every predetermined time to control the outlet pressure to be relaxed or increased.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a detecting means for detecting the inlet or outlet pressure or flow rate of each channel or the moisture content of the discharged dehydrated product in the continuous rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus according to the first aspect. And the means for controlling the outlet pressure is characterized in that when the detection result of the detecting means deviates from a predetermined set value, the outlet pressure adjusting means is operated to reduce or increase the outlet pressure. To do.
The invention of claim 4 is a control method for a continuous rotary pressurization dehydration apparatus, the step of detecting the inlet or outlet pressure or flow rate for each channel, or the moisture content of the dehydrated product to be discharged. Comparing the inlet or outlet pressure or flow rate or the water content of the discharged dehydrated product with a predetermined value, the detected inlet or outlet pressure or the water content of the discharged dehydrated product deviating from the predetermined value; Then, the step of operating the outlet pressure adjusting means of the channel to relax or increase the outlet pressure is performed, and the step of relaxing or increasing the outlet pressure is repeatedly performed every predetermined time.

本発明によれば、回転加圧脱水装置において、低コストで設定値どおりの低い含水率の脱水物を得ることができる。また、特に、連装式回転加圧脱水装置における複数のチャンネルでは、汚泥などの含水物を脱水する際に、各チャンネルから排出される脱水ケーキの含水率をその設定値に従って均一にできると共に、含水率を低下させることが低コストで実現できる。
つまり、各チャンネルから得られる脱水物の含水率を一定に保つことで全チャンネルから得られる脱水物の含水率を低くすることができる。脱水物の含水率が低いことは、脱水物を燃料としてエネルギーを回収する場合にとくに効果があり、また、コンポストなどとして再利用する場合にも好ましい。脱水物の含水率が均一であることは、後段の処理、例えば焼却処分を行う上で極めて有利であり、汚泥の減容化により、埋立処分を行う場合にも処分用地の延命化が可能となる。
また、全チャンネルが効率的に運転されることにより、連装式回転加圧脱水装置の性能が最大限に発揮できる。 According to the present invention, in a rotary pressure dehydrating apparatus, a dehydrated product having a low water content as set value can be obtained at low cost. In particular, in the plurality of channels in the continuous rotary pressurization dehydrator, when dewatering the water content such as sludge, the water content of the dewatered cake discharged from each channel can be made uniform according to the set value, and the water content The rate can be reduced at low cost.
That is, the moisture content of the dehydrated product obtained from each channel can be lowered by keeping the moisture content of the dehydrated product obtained from each channel constant. The low water content of the dehydrated product is particularly effective when recovering energy using the dehydrated product as fuel, and is also preferable when reusing it as compost or the like. The uniform moisture content of the dehydrated product is extremely advantageous for subsequent processing, for example, incineration disposal, and by reducing the sludge volume, it is possible to extend the life of the disposal site even in landfill disposal. Become.
In addition, since all the channels are operated efficiently, the performance of the continuous rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus can be maximized.

以下に本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図１は、本発明に係る連装式回転加圧脱水装置１０の一実施形態を示し、図１Ａはその正面図、図１Ｂはその一部を拡大して示した縦断面側、及び図１Ｃは側断面図である。
本実施形態に係る連装式回転加圧脱水装置は、図１Ａに示すように１台のモータで駆動制御される６台のチャンネル１００を有するいわゆる連装式のものであり、各チャンネル１００の構成は既に説明した従来のものと同様である。即ち、図１Ｂに示すように、内輪スペーサ１０２と、外輪スペーサ１０３と、仕切スペーサ１０４と覆設板部１０５ａ，１０５ｂとによって囲まれる空間により、入口部１０６及び出口部１０７を備え、図示しないシール材等により密封された環状の脱水処理室１０８が複数形成されている。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a continuous rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus 10 according to the present invention, FIG. 1A is a front view thereof, FIG. 1B is an enlarged longitudinal sectional side view thereof, and FIG. It is a sectional side view.
The continuous rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus according to this embodiment is a so-called continuous type having six channels 100 that are driven and controlled by one motor as shown in FIG. 1A. This is the same as the conventional one already described. That is, as shown in FIG. 1B, an inlet portion 106 and an outlet portion 107 are provided by a space surrounded by the inner ring spacer 102, the outer ring spacer 103, the partition spacer 104, and the covering plate portions 105a and 105b, and a seal (not shown). A plurality of annular dehydration chambers 108 sealed with a material or the like are formed.

内輪スペーサ１０２の駆動軸１０１は、図１Ａに示すように各チャンネルで共通し、従って、各内輪スペーサ１０２及び覆設板部材１０５ａ、１０５ｂは、同一のモータＭによって回転駆動される、つまり同一の速度で回転される。   The drive shaft 101 of the inner ring spacer 102 is common to each channel as shown in FIG. 1A. Therefore, the inner ring spacer 102 and the covering plate members 105a and 105b are driven to rotate by the same motor M, that is, the same. Rotated at speed.

このように構成された連装式回転加圧脱水装置１０に、図１Ｃに示すように、例えば、凝集剤で調質された汚泥（いわゆる凝集汚泥）を、所定の圧力で連続的に各チャンネルの入口部１０６より脱水処理室１０８内に供給すると、凝集汚泥は、覆設板部１０５ａ，１０５ｂの回転力及び凝集汚泥の圧入圧力により、入口部１０６から出口部１０７方向へと搬送されるに従い、ろ過されると共により圧密化され、圧搾脱水処理されて脱水ケーキＷとして出口部１０７より空気バネ１１０で付勢された背圧板１０９を押し開いて排出される。   As shown in FIG. 1C, for example, sludge conditioned with a flocculant (so-called agglomerated sludge) is continuously applied to each channel at a predetermined pressure. When supplied from the inlet 106 into the dehydration chamber 108, the coagulated sludge is transported from the inlet 106 to the outlet 107 by the rotational force of the covering plates 105a and 105b and the pressure of the coagulated sludge. After being filtered and further consolidated, it is squeezed and dehydrated, and the dehydrated cake W is discharged from the outlet 107 by pushing the back pressure plate 109 urged by the air spring 110 open.

ここで、背圧板１０９は、以下説明するように、バネの作用により、脱水ケーキＷが排出されるときの出口面積を規定し、出口圧力を所定値に維持する。
即ち、図２は、背圧板１０９の制御系のブロック図である。
図示のように、本実施形態では、各チャンネルの出口部１０７（又は入口部１０６）に圧力センサ１１２を配置するか又は出口部１０７に含水率センサ１１４を配置する。なお、圧力センサ１１２と含水率センサ１１４を共に配置してもよいし、更に汚泥の流入量又は流出量を測定するための流量測定手段（図示せず）を備えてもよい。各チャンネル毎に配置した圧力センサ１１２又は含水率センサ１１４又は流量センサ（図示せず）からの検知情報は、例えばマイクロコンピュータを備えた制御装置１１０に送信され、ここで予め設定された設定値と比較される。検出した圧力が予め定めた設定値（設定値は必ずしも一つの値とは限らない、ある幅を持った値でもよい）を越えるか下回ったときか或いは検出した脱水ケーキＷの含水率が予め定めた設定値を越えるか又は下がったとき、つまり設定値から外れたときには、制御装置１１０は電磁弁Ｖを作動して、空気バネ１１８中のエアを外部に排出するか或いは逆にコンプレッサー１１６の加圧エアを空気バネ１１８中に送るかして、背圧板１１９を所定時間開放するか少し閉める。 Here, as will be described below, the back pressure plate 109 regulates the outlet area when the dewatered cake W is discharged by the action of a spring, and maintains the outlet pressure at a predetermined value.
That is, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control system for the back pressure plate 109.
As illustrated, in this embodiment, the pressure sensor 112 is disposed at the outlet 107 (or the inlet 106) of each channel, or the moisture content sensor 114 is disposed at the outlet 107. In addition, the pressure sensor 112 and the moisture content sensor 114 may be disposed together, or a flow rate measuring means (not shown) for measuring the amount of sludge inflow or outflow may be provided. Detection information from the pressure sensor 112, the moisture content sensor 114, or the flow rate sensor (not shown) arranged for each channel is transmitted to, for example, the control device 110 including a microcomputer, To be compared. When the detected pressure exceeds or falls below a predetermined set value (the set value is not necessarily a single value, it may be a value having a certain width) or the moisture content of the detected dewatered cake W is predetermined When the set value exceeds or falls, that is, when the set value deviates from the set value, the control device 110 activates the solenoid valve V to discharge the air in the air spring 118 to the outside or, conversely, to apply the compressor 116. The back pressure plate 119 is opened for a predetermined time or slightly closed by sending pressurized air into the air spring 118.

つまり、各チャンネル毎に圧力、又は流量、又は脱水ケーキの含水率を監視し、あるチャンネル１００における出口（又は入口）圧力、又は含水率、又は流量が予め定めた所定値の範囲を外れたとき（例えば圧力の所定値が８０〜１００kPaのとき７０kPaであるとき）は、制御装置１１０は、当該チャンネル１００の空気バネ１１８を動作制御し、背圧板１０９を所定時間開くか又は閉める制御を行うことができる。この場合、各チャンネルのうち少なくとも一つのチャンネルで前記圧力、又は流量、はが脱水ケーキの含水率が設定値から外れたときには、全てのチャンネルで背圧板１０９に与える圧力を所定時間上げるか又は下げる制御を行うようにしてもよいし、或いは、設定値から外れた（例えば圧力が低い）チャンネルでは背圧板に与える圧力を上げ、その他のチャンネルでは背圧板に与える圧力を下げる制御を行うようにしてもよい。
とくに、本実施形態では、一度背圧板１０９を開きその圧力を緩和又は高めた後は、当該チャンネル１００については、制御装置１０から所定時間毎に自動的に電磁弁Ｖにパルスを送り背圧板１０９を開くか又は少し閉じ、出口部１０７での圧力を緩和するか高める制御を繰り返し行うようにしている。 That is, when the pressure, flow rate, or moisture content of the dehydrated cake is monitored for each channel, and the outlet (or inlet) pressure, moisture content, or flow rate in a certain channel 100 is outside the predetermined range. For example, when the predetermined value of pressure is 70 to 100 kPa, the control device 110 controls the operation of the air spring 118 of the channel 100 and opens or closes the back pressure plate 109 for a predetermined time. Can do. In this case, when the water content of the dehydrated cake deviates from the set value in at least one of the channels, the pressure applied to the back pressure plate 109 in all channels is increased or decreased for a predetermined time. The control may be performed, or the pressure applied to the back pressure plate is increased in a channel that is out of the set value (for example, the pressure is low), and the pressure applied to the back pressure plate is decreased in the other channels. Also good.
In particular, in the present embodiment, once the back pressure plate 109 is opened and the pressure is relaxed or increased, the controller 100 automatically sends a pulse to the electromagnetic valve V every predetermined time for the channel 100. Is opened or closed a little, and the control to relieve or increase the pressure at the outlet 107 is repeated.

これは、汚泥排出口付近の圧力の異常上昇・下降は不定期に生じるものと仮定して、図３に示すように、背圧板８の圧力制御、つまりここでは減圧制御を一定時間毎、例えば５分毎に１分間行うことで、不定期に生じる圧力上昇・下降を未然に防止して各チャンネルで均一に脱水処理ができるようにするためである。圧力の緩和又は上昇は短時間で１回または断続的に複数回行う。
なお、圧力、含水率、流量を人が監視して、その結果に基づき背圧板１０９を所定時間開くか又は少し閉める制御を行うようにしてもよく、従って、この様な制御を行う連装式回転加圧脱水装置も本件発明の実施形態となり得る。 Assuming that the abnormal rise and fall of the pressure in the vicinity of the sludge discharge port occurs irregularly, as shown in FIG. 3, the pressure control of the back pressure plate 8, that is, the pressure reduction control here is performed at regular intervals, for example, This is to perform the dehydration process uniformly in each channel by preventing the pressure increase / decrease that occurs irregularly by performing for 1 minute every 5 minutes. The pressure is relaxed or raised once or intermittently several times in a short time.
It should be noted that the person may monitor the pressure, moisture content, and flow rate, and based on the results, control may be performed such that the back pressure plate 109 is opened for a predetermined time or slightly closed. A pressure dehydration apparatus can also be an embodiment of the present invention.

このように、制御装置１１０は、脱水処理室１０８内のうち、例えば特に出口付近の圧力が高くなって、前記表１の状態２に遷移しかけたチャンネルを検知したときは、当該チャンネルが前記２の状態に遷移する前に、背圧板１１９の圧力を緩和させ、その後は当該チャンネルについては一定周期で圧力を緩和させる制御を自動的に繰り返し行うことで、一旦、前記状態２に遷移しかけたチャンネルの出口圧力を、単に定期的に緩和する制御を行う。このように背圧板１１９の開放制御を行うことで、制御を低コストで行うことができるだけではなく、各チャンネルに脱水ケーキＷによる詰まりを生じることがなく、各チャンネルに流入する汚泥量をほぼ均一にでき、含水率の比較的均一な脱水ケーキＷを得ることができ、結果として、各チャンネルから排出される脱水ケーキＷの設定値どおりに含水率を低くすることができる。   As described above, when the control device 110 detects a channel in the dehydration processing chamber 108, for example, when the pressure in the vicinity of the outlet is increased and the state is shifted to the state 2 in Table 1, the channel is set to the 2 Before the transition to the state, the pressure of the back pressure plate 119 is relieved, and thereafter, the channel that has made a transition to the state 2 is temporarily performed by performing the control to relieve the pressure at a constant cycle for the channel. The outlet pressure is simply controlled to be periodically relieved. By controlling the opening of the back pressure plate 119 in this way, not only can the control be performed at a low cost, but the clogging due to the dewatered cake W does not occur in each channel, and the amount of sludge flowing into each channel is almost uniform. Thus, a dehydrated cake W having a relatively uniform moisture content can be obtained, and as a result, the moisture content can be lowered according to the set value of the dehydrated cake W discharged from each channel.

表２は、背圧板圧力をパルス制御した場合（運転１）としない場合（運転２）について、３日間運転したときに排出される汚泥の性状を示す表である。   Table 2 is a table showing the properties of sludge discharged when the back pressure plate pressure is pulse-controlled (operation 1) and when it is not operated (operation 2) for 3 days.

Figure 2006247700
Figure 2006247700

この表から明らかなように、背圧板圧力をパルス制御した場合は、含水率は７８．０％であるが、パルス制御しない場合は、８２．１％であり、４．１％の改善が認められ、パルス制御が連装式回転加圧脱水装置の安定的な運転と排出される汚泥の含水率の低下に有効であることが認められた。
なお、本実施形態では、入口又は出口圧力又は流量、或いは排出される脱水物の含水率を検知する検知手段を用いて前記圧力或いは含水率を常時監視して、これらが予め定めた設定値から外れたときに出口圧力を制御するようにしたが、本発明はこれに限定されず、前記出口圧力を制御する手段は、出口圧力を緩和する制御を所定周期のパルス信号のＯＮ／ＯＦＦで背圧板を連続的に開閉するか、或いは同制御を予め定めた所定時間毎に繰り返し行うようにしてもよい。また、凝集汚泥を脱水処理する例を示したが、本発明に係る連装式回転加圧脱水装置は、凝集汚泥の脱水に限らず、汚泥以外の、例えば、廃水処理、食品工場、セメント工場、半導体工場など含水物を脱水する必要がある場合にも同様に用いることができる。 As is apparent from this table, the moisture content is 78.0% when the back pressure plate pressure is controlled by pulse, but it is 82.1% when the pulse control is not performed, and an improvement of 4.1% is recognized. It was confirmed that the pulse control is effective for the stable operation of the continuous rotary pressurization dehydrator and the reduction of the moisture content of the discharged sludge.
In the present embodiment, the pressure or moisture content is constantly monitored using a detecting means for detecting the inlet or outlet pressure or flow rate, or the moisture content of the dehydrated product to be discharged, and these are determined from preset values. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the means for controlling the outlet pressure is controlled by relaxing ON / OFF of a pulse signal of a predetermined cycle. The pressure plate may be opened and closed continuously, or the same control may be repeated at predetermined time intervals. Moreover, although the example which carries out the dehydration process of the coagulated sludge was shown, the continuous rotation pressure dehydration apparatus which concerns on this invention is not restricted to dehydration of the coagulated sludge, For example, waste water treatment, a food factory, a cement factory, It can also be used in the same way when it is necessary to dehydrate the hydrated material such as a semiconductor factory.

本発明に係る連装式回転加圧脱水装置の一実施形態を示し、図１Ａはその正面図、図１Ｂはその一部を拡大して示した縦断面側、及び図１Ｃは側断面図である。FIG. 1A is a front view thereof, FIG. 1B is a longitudinal cross-sectional side view showing a part thereof enlarged, and FIG. 1C is a side cross-sectional view. . 背圧板１０９の制御のための動作ブロック図である本発明に係る連装式回転加圧脱水装置の一実施形態を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a continuous rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus according to the present invention, which is an operation block diagram for controlling the back pressure plate 109. 背圧板に作用する圧力を縦軸にかつ時間を横軸にとって、背圧板の時間経過を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the time passage of the back pressure plate by making the pressure which acts on a back pressure plate into a vertical axis | shaft and time to a horizontal axis. 従来の回転加圧脱水装置を示し、図４Ａは、図１と同様の縦断面側、及び図４Ｂはその側断面図である。FIG. 4A is a longitudinal sectional side similar to FIG. 1, and FIG. 4B is a side sectional view of a conventional rotary pressure dehydrating apparatus. 回転加圧脱水装置を作動させるための全体のシステムを概略的に示す図である。It is a figure showing roughly the whole system for operating a rotary pressure dehydrating device.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０・・・回転加圧脱水装置、１２・・・カバー、１００・・・チャンネル、１０１・・・駆動軸、１０２・・・内輪スペーサ、１０３・・・外輪スペーサ、１０４・・・仕切スペーサ、１０５ａ・・・覆設板部、１０５ｂ・・・覆設板部、１０６・・・入口部、１０７・・・出口部、１０８・・・脱水処理室、１０９・・・背圧手段、ｈ・・・貫通孔。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Rotary pressure dehydration apparatus, 12 ... Cover, 100 ... Channel, 101 ... Drive shaft, 102 ... Inner ring spacer, 103 ... Outer ring spacer, 104 ... Partition spacer, 105a ... covering plate portion, 105b ... covering plate portion, 106 ... inlet portion, 107 ... exit portion, 108 ... dehydration treatment chamber, 109 ... back pressure means, h ..Through holes.

Claims (4)

複数のチャンネルを備えた連装式回転加圧脱水装置であって、
前記チャンネルの出口圧力調整手段、及び該出口圧力調整手段を作動して出口圧力を制御する手段を有し、
前記出口圧力を制御する手段は、前記出口圧力調整手段を作動して出口圧力を緩和するか又は高める制御を行うことを特徴とする連装式回転加圧脱水装置。 A continuous rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus having a plurality of channels,
Means for adjusting the outlet pressure of the channel, and means for controlling the outlet pressure by operating the outlet pressure adjusting means;
The connected rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus is characterized in that the means for controlling the outlet pressure controls the outlet pressure adjusting means to reduce or increase the outlet pressure. 請求項１に記載された連装式回転加圧脱水装置において、
前記出口圧力を制御する手段は、前記出口圧力調整手段を所定周期で連続的に作動して又は予め定めた所定時間毎に繰り返し作動して、出口圧力を緩和又は高める制御を行うことを特徴とする回転加圧脱水装置。 In the continuous rotation pressure dehydration apparatus according to claim 1,
The means for controlling the outlet pressure is characterized in that the outlet pressure adjusting means is operated continuously at a predetermined cycle or repeatedly at predetermined time intervals to reduce or increase the outlet pressure. Rotating pressure dehydrating device. 請求項１に記載された連装式回転加圧脱水装置において、
各チャンネル毎のその入口又は出口圧力又は流量、又は排出される脱水物の含水率を検知する検知手段を有し、
前記出口圧力を制御する手段は、前記検知手段の検知結果が予め定めた設定値から外れたとき、出口圧力調整手段を作動して、出口圧力を緩和又は高める制御行うことを特徴とする連装式回転加圧脱水装置。 In the continuous rotation pressure dehydration apparatus according to claim 1,
Having detection means for detecting the inlet or outlet pressure or flow rate for each channel, or the moisture content of the drained dewatered product;
The means for controlling the outlet pressure is a connected type characterized in that when the detection result of the detecting means deviates from a predetermined set value, the outlet pressure adjusting means is operated to reduce or increase the outlet pressure. Rotary pressure dehydrator. 連装式回転加圧脱水装置の制御方法であって、
各チャンネル毎のその入口又は出口圧力又は流量、或いは排出される脱水物の含水率を検知する工程、
検知された入口又は出口圧力又は流量、或いは排出される脱水物の含水率を予め定めた値と比較する工程、
検知された入口又は出口圧力或いは排出される脱水物の含水率が前記予め定めた値から外れたとき、当該チャンネルの出口圧力調整手段を作動してその出口圧力を緩和又は高める工程、を有し、
前記出口圧力を緩和又は高める工程を所定時間毎に繰り返し実行することを特徴とする複数のチャンネルを備えた連装式回転加圧脱水装置の制御方法。 A control method for a continuous rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus,
Detecting the inlet or outlet pressure or flow rate for each channel, or the moisture content of the drained dehydrated product;
Comparing the detected inlet or outlet pressure or flow rate or the moisture content of the discharged dehydrated product with a predetermined value;
When the detected inlet or outlet pressure or the moisture content of the drained dehydrated product deviates from the predetermined value, the step of reducing or increasing the outlet pressure by operating the outlet pressure adjusting means of the channel. ,
A method for controlling a continuous rotary pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus having a plurality of channels, wherein the step of relaxing or increasing the outlet pressure is repeatedly executed at predetermined time intervals.
JP2005067703A 2005-03-10 2005-03-10 Continuous rotary type pressure dehydration apparatus and its control method Pending JP2006247700A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009022854A (en) * 2007-07-18 2009-02-05 Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd Rotary pressure dehydrator and sludge dehydrating method using it
JP6023383B1 (en) * 2016-06-15 2016-11-09 巴工業株式会社 Control method of dehydration system

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0623590A (en) * 1992-04-16 1994-02-01 Ebara Infilco Co Ltd Screw press system compression method and screw press type compression machine
WO2000016970A1 (en) * 1998-09-17 2000-03-30 Ishigaki Company Limited Continuous squeeze-dewatering device
JP2004074066A (en) * 2002-08-20 2004-03-11 Tomoe Engineering Co Ltd Rotary pressure dehydrator having control means

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0623590A (en) * 1992-04-16 1994-02-01 Ebara Infilco Co Ltd Screw press system compression method and screw press type compression machine
WO2000016970A1 (en) * 1998-09-17 2000-03-30 Ishigaki Company Limited Continuous squeeze-dewatering device
JP2004074066A (en) * 2002-08-20 2004-03-11 Tomoe Engineering Co Ltd Rotary pressure dehydrator having control means

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009022854A (en) * 2007-07-18 2009-02-05 Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd Rotary pressure dehydrator and sludge dehydrating method using it
JP6023383B1 (en) * 2016-06-15 2016-11-09 巴工業株式会社 Control method of dehydration system

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