JP2006242907A - Electrostatic capacity type occupant detection sensor - Google Patents

Electrostatic capacity type occupant detection sensor Download PDF

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JP2006242907A
JP2006242907A JP2005062738A JP2005062738A JP2006242907A JP 2006242907 A JP2006242907 A JP 2006242907A JP 2005062738 A JP2005062738 A JP 2005062738A JP 2005062738 A JP2005062738 A JP 2005062738A JP 2006242907 A JP2006242907 A JP 2006242907A
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electrode
detection
occupant detection
occupant
seating
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JP4324877B2 (en
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Tsutomu Kamizono
勉 神園
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Denso Corp
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Denso Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrostatic capacity type occupant detection sensor for detecting seating of occupants and detecting failures. <P>SOLUTION: The electrostatic capacity type occupant detection sensor 55, arranged on a seat 10 and for detecting the seating of the occupants and detecting the failure comprises: an occupant detection electrode 25 for detecting the seating of the occupants; a capacity reducing electrode 30, arranged facing the occupant detection electrode and for reducing the electrostatic capacity between the occupant detection electrode and a seat frame, during non-seating from the electrostatic capacity between the occupant detection electrode and the seat frame 13 conducted to a vehicle GND42 during seating; a drive part 45 for applying a voltage between the occupant detection electrode and the capacity reduction electrode during failure detection, by applying the voltage between the occupant detection electrode, the seat frame and the capacity reduction electrode during seating detection; and a detection part 50 for detecting the electrostatic capacity between the occupant detection electrode and the capacity reducing electrode during failure detection, by detecting the electrostatic capacity between the occupant detection electrode and the seat frame during seating detection. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、車両において、乗員の座席への着席を検知する乗員検知センサに関する。   The present invention relates to an occupant detection sensor for detecting seating of an occupant in a vehicle.

車両の衝突時などに乗員を重大事故から保護するために乗員保護装置（エアバッグ装置、シートベルト装置）等が装備されている。エアバッグ装置は衝突時に袋体を展開させて、座席に座った乗員がインパネなどに衝突するのを防止するもので、乗員が着席している場合に展開させてこそ意味がある。車両の走行時運転席には必ず乗員（運転者）が着席しているが、助手席に乗員（同乗者）が着席しているとは限らない。そこで同乗者が着席時のみ助手席用エアバッグを作動させるために助手席に乗員（着席）検知センサを設ける場合がある。   In order to protect an occupant from a serious accident at the time of a vehicle collision, an occupant protection device (airbag device, seat belt device) and the like are provided. The airbag device expands the bag body at the time of a collision to prevent the occupant sitting on the seat from colliding with the instrument panel or the like, and is meaningful only when the occupant is seated. An occupant (driver) is always seated in the driver's seat when the vehicle is running, but an occupant (passenger) is not necessarily seated in the passenger seat. Therefore, there is a case where an occupant (seating) detection sensor is provided in the passenger seat in order to activate the passenger seat airbag only when the passenger is seated.

乗員検知センサとしては静電容量式センサを利用する場合が多く（特許文献１参照）、例えば、図９に示すように、絶縁性のフィルム部材（不図示）の上面に第１電極（高電位電極）２００を配置し、車体ＧＮＤ２０８に接続した金属製の座席フレーム２０２を第２電極（低電位電極）としている。車体ＧＮＤ２０８と第１電極２００との間に配置された駆動部２０４が高周波電圧を印加して微弱な電界を形成する。電界内に乗員の身体の一部（臀部）が位置すると静電容量が変化し、その変化を電流計２０６が検出する。   As an occupant detection sensor, a capacitive sensor is often used (see Patent Document 1). For example, as shown in FIG. 9, a first electrode (high potential) is formed on the upper surface of an insulating film member (not shown). Electrode) 200 is disposed, and a metal seat frame 202 connected to the vehicle body GND 208 is used as a second electrode (low potential electrode). The driving unit 204 disposed between the vehicle body GND 208 and the first electrode 200 applies a high-frequency voltage to form a weak electric field. When a part of the occupant's body (buttock) is located in the electric field, the capacitance changes, and the ammeter 206 detects the change.

即ち、乗員の非着席時（空席時）は、第１電極２００と第２電極２０２との間に空気を誘電体とするコンデンサＣ１が形成され、その静電容量（空席容量）はＣｏである。乗員が座席に着席すると、第１電極２００と第２電極２０２との間に乗員の身体を誘電体とするコンデンサＣ２が形成される。乗員の身体は空気よりも比誘電率が大きいので、第１電極２００〜乗員〜第２電極２０２間の静電容量Ｃｂは上記Ｃｏよりも大きくなる。
特開平１１−２７１４６３号公報 That is, when the occupant is not seated (when vacant), the capacitor C1 using air as a dielectric is formed between the first electrode 200 and the second electrode 202, and the electrostatic capacity (vacant capacity) is Co. . When the occupant sits on the seat, a capacitor C <b> 2 having the occupant's body as a dielectric is formed between the first electrode 200 and the second electrode 202. Since the body of the occupant has a relative dielectric constant larger than that of air, the capacitance Cb between the first electrode 200 and the occupant and the second electrode 202 is larger than Co.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-271463

コンデンサＣ１とＣ２とは第１電極２００と車両ＧＮＤ２０８との間に並列に配置されているので、着席時に電流計２０６は静電容量ＣｏとＣｂとの総和に相当する電流を検出する。ここで、空席容量Ｃｏは総和容量Ｃのうちの大きな比率を占め、しかも各車両によってばらつくことがある。空席容量Ｃｏのばらつきにより総和容量Ｃがばらつき、乗員の正確な着席検知が困難になる。   Since the capacitors C1 and C2 are arranged in parallel between the first electrode 200 and the vehicle GND 208, the ammeter 206 detects a current corresponding to the sum of the capacitances Co and Cb when seated. Here, the vacant seat capacity Co occupies a large proportion of the total capacity C, and may vary depending on each vehicle. The total capacity C varies due to the variation in the vacant seat capacity Co, which makes it difficult to accurately detect the seating of the occupant.

空席容量を小さくするために、本出願人は先に、特願２００５−１５７４９号（平成１７年１月２４日出願）で乗員検知センサを出願した。この先行出願の乗員検知センサは、空席時の第１電極と座席フレームとの間の静電容量（空席容量）を低減する容量低減電極を配置している。詳述すると、乗員検知用電極と座席フレームとの間に容量低減電極を配置し、その電位を座席フレームの電位と同じレベルにしている。このようにすれば、着席検知時に電位レベルが同じ容量低減電極と座席フレームとの間に静電容量は発生せず（電流は流れず）、また乗員検知用電極及び容量低減電極を流れる電流は検出部では検出されない。これにより、着席時の乗員検知用電極と座席フレームとの間の静電容量が正確に検知できる。   In order to reduce the vacant seat capacity, the present applicant previously applied for an occupant detection sensor in Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-15749 (filed on January 24, 2005). In the occupant detection sensor of this prior application, a capacitance reducing electrode that reduces the electrostatic capacitance (vacant seat capacity) between the first electrode and the seat frame when empty is arranged. More specifically, a capacity reduction electrode is disposed between the occupant detection electrode and the seat frame, and the potential thereof is set to the same level as the potential of the seat frame. In this way, no electrostatic capacity is generated between the capacity reduction electrode and the seat frame having the same potential level when seating is detected (no current flows), and the current flowing through the occupant detection electrode and the capacity reduction electrode is It is not detected by the detection unit. Thereby, the electrostatic capacitance between the occupant detection electrode and the seat frame when seated can be accurately detected.

但し、その後の研究の結果、先行出願のように着席検知時に乗員検知用電極及び容量低減電極を流れる電流を検出しないと、乗員検知用電極と容量低減電極との間に形成されるコンデンサの故障（短絡、断線）を検出できないおそれがあることが分かった。このコンデンサの故障は着席検知を困難又は不可能にし、座席検知センサの作動信頼性を損ねる。   However, if the current flowing through the occupant detection electrode and the capacity reduction electrode is not detected during seating detection as in the prior application as a result of subsequent research, the failure of the capacitor formed between the occupant detection electrode and the capacity reduction electrode It was found that there was a possibility that (short circuit, disconnection) could not be detected. This failure of the capacitor makes it difficult or impossible to detect seating, and impairs the operational reliability of the seat detection sensor.

本発明は上記課題に鑑みてなされたもので、着席検知時に非着席時の乗員検知用電極と座席フレーム即ち容量低減電極との間の空席容量を低減でき、しかも乗員検知用電極と容量低減電極との間のコンデンサの故障を検出できる乗員検知センサを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and can reduce the empty capacity between an occupant detection electrode and a seat frame, i.e., a capacity reduction electrode, when no seating is detected, and moreover, the occupant detection electrode and the capacity reduction electrode. It is an object of the present invention to provide an occupant detection sensor capable of detecting a capacitor failure between

（イ）本発明者は、乗員検知用電極、容量低減電極及び車両フレームのうち、駆動部で駆動される部分及び検出部で検出される部分を、着席検知時と故障検知時とで切り換えることを着想して、本発明を完成した。   (B) The present inventor switches between the occupant detection electrode, the capacity reduction electrode, and the vehicle frame that is driven by the drive unit and the part that is detected by the detection unit between seating detection and failure detection. The present invention has been completed.

本発明による車両の座席に配置され乗員の着席を検知するとともに故障を検知できる静電容量式乗員検知センサは、請求項１に記載したように、乗員の着席を検知する乗員検知用電極と、乗員検知用電極に対向して配置され着席時の乗員検知用電極と車両ＧＮＤに導通された座席フレームとの間の静電容量から非着席時の乗員検知電極と座席フレームとの間の静電容量を低減する容量低減電極と、着席検知時は乗員検知用電極と車両ＧＮＤ及び容量低減電極との間に電圧を印加し故障検知時は乗員検知用電極と容量低減電極との間に電圧を印加する駆動部と、着席検知時は乗員検知用電極と車両ＧＮＤとの間の静電容量を検出し故障検知時は乗員検知用電極と容量低減電極との間の静電容量を検出する検出部とを備えている。   A capacitive occupant detection sensor that is disposed in a seat of a vehicle according to the present invention and detects a occupant's seating and can detect a failure is, as described in claim 1, an occupant detection electrode that detects the occupant's seating, and The electrostatic capacitance between the occupant detection electrode and the seat frame when not seated is determined from the capacitance between the occupant detection electrode when seated and the seat frame electrically connected to the vehicle GND. A voltage is applied between the capacity reduction electrode that reduces the capacity, and between the occupant detection electrode and the vehicle GND and the capacity reduction electrode when seating is detected, and between the occupant detection electrode and the capacity reduction electrode when a failure is detected. Detection of detecting the electrostatic capacitance between the occupant detection electrode and the vehicle GND when detecting the seating and detecting the electrostatic capacitance between the occupant detection electrode and the vehicle GND when detecting the seating. Department.

（ロ）以下、乗員検知センサの構成要素の種々の態様を説明する。   (B) Hereinafter, various aspects of the components of the occupant detection sensor will be described.

ａ．乗員検知用電極、容量低減電極
乗員検知用電極は乗員の着席を検知するもので、例えば四角枠形状を有する。運転席又は助手席の座部の上面又は背もたれ部の前面に埋設される。容量低減電極は乗員検知用電極に対向して配置され、例えば乗員検知用電極と同じ形状を持ち、着席検知時は車両ＧＮＤと同電位に駆動される。着席時の乗員検知用電極と車両ＧＮＤとの間の静電容量から、非着席時の乗員検知電極と車両ＧＮＤとの間の静電容量を低減する。乗員検知用電極及び容量低減電極は電極ユニットとしてユニット化できる。 a. Occupant detection electrode, capacity reduction electrode The occupant detection electrode detects the seating of an occupant and has, for example, a rectangular frame shape. It is embedded in the upper surface of the seat portion of the driver seat or the passenger seat or the front surface of the backrest portion. The capacity reduction electrode is disposed opposite to the occupant detection electrode and has, for example, the same shape as the occupant detection electrode, and is driven to the same potential as the vehicle GND when seating is detected. The capacitance between the occupant detection electrode when not seated and the vehicle GND is reduced from the capacitance between the occupant detection electrode when seated and the vehicle GND. The occupant detection electrode and the capacity reduction electrode can be unitized as an electrode unit.

ｂ．駆動部
駆動部は例えば交流電源であり、着席検知時と故障検知時とで異なる部分を駆動する。即ち、着席検知時は、乗員検知用電極と車両ＧＮＤとの間、及び乗員検知用電極と容量低減電極との間に電圧を印加する。乗員検知用電極を高電位に、容量低減電位を低電位に駆動しても良いし（第１タイプ）、その反対に乗員検知用電極を低電位に、容量低減電位を高電位に駆動しても良い（第２タイプ）。ここで、「高電位」とは駆動部の出力側を意味し、「低電位」とは検出部の入力側を意味する。 b. Driving unit The driving unit is, for example, an AC power source, and drives different portions when seating is detected and when a failure is detected. That is, when seating is detected, a voltage is applied between the occupant detection electrode and the vehicle GND, and between the occupant detection electrode and the capacity reduction electrode. The occupant detection electrode may be driven to a high potential and the capacitance reduction potential may be driven to a low potential (first type). Conversely, the occupant detection electrode may be driven to a low potential and the capacitance reduction potential may be driven to a high potential. Is good (second type). Here, “high potential” means the output side of the drive unit, and “low potential” means the input side of the detection unit.

なお、着席検知時は容量低減電極と車両ＧＮＤとは同電位となるように駆動する。着席検知の前又は後の故障検知時は、乗員検知用電極と容量低減電極との間に電圧を印加する。乗員検知用電極を高電位に、容量低減電位を低電位に駆動しても良いし、その反対に駆動しても良い。駆動の仕方は着席検知時に準ずる。   When seating is detected, the capacity reduction electrode and the vehicle GND are driven to have the same potential. When a failure is detected before or after seating detection, a voltage is applied between the occupant detection electrode and the capacity reduction electrode. The occupant detection electrode may be driven to a high potential, and the capacitance reduction potential may be driven to a low potential, or vice versa. The driving method is the same as when seating is detected.

ｃ．検出部
検出部は、着席検知時と故障検知時とで異なる部分の静電容量を検出する。即ち、着席検知時は乗員検知用電極と車両ＧＮＤとの間の静電容量を検出する。容量低減電極と車両ＧＮＤとは同電位なので、この両者間の静電容量は検出されない。故障検知時は乗員検知用電極と容量低減電極との間の静電容量を検出する。 c. Detection unit The detection unit detects a capacitance of a portion that is different between when a seating is detected and when a failure is detected. That is, when seating is detected, the capacitance between the occupant detection electrode and the vehicle GND is detected. Since the capacitance reducing electrode and the vehicle GND are at the same potential, the capacitance between them is not detected. When a failure is detected, the capacitance between the occupant detection electrode and the capacitance reduction electrode is detected.

ｄ．切換えスイッチ
着席検知時と故障検知時とで駆動状態及び検出状態を切り換えるために切換えスイッチを設けることができる。この切換えスイッチは、第１タイプでは、着席検知時は、乗員検知用電極から延び駆動部が配置された配線を、容量低減電極から延びた配線、及び車両ＧＮＤから延び検出部が配置された配線に接続する。故障検知時は、乗員検知用電極から延び駆動部が配置された配線を、容量低減電極から延び検出部が配置された配線に接続する。 d. Changeover switch A changeover switch can be provided to switch between the driving state and the detection state between the seating detection time and the failure detection time. In the first type of switch, when seating is detected, the wiring extending from the occupant detection electrode is provided with the driving part, the wiring extending from the capacity reduction electrode, and the wiring extending from the vehicle GND and the detection part is provided. Connect to. At the time of failure detection, the wiring extending from the occupant detection electrode and provided with the drive unit is connected to the wiring extending from the capacitance reduction electrode and provided with the detection unit.

これに対して、第２タイプでは、着席検知時は、乗員検知用電極から延び検出部が配置された配線を、容量低減電極から延びた配線、及び車両ＧＮＤから延び駆動部が配置された配線に接続する。故障検知時は、乗員検知用電極から延び検出部が配置された配線を、容量低減電極から延び駆動部が配置された配線に接続する。なお、駆動部、検出部及び切換えスイッチは衝突検知ＥＣＵに設けることができる。   On the other hand, in the second type, when seating is detected, the wiring extending from the occupant detection electrode is arranged with the detection part, the wiring extending from the capacity reduction electrode, and the wiring extending from the vehicle GND and the driving part is arranged. Connect to. At the time of failure detection, the wiring extending from the occupant detection electrode and having the detection unit disposed is connected to the wiring extending from the capacitance reduction electrode and having the driving unit disposed. The drive unit, the detection unit, and the changeover switch can be provided in the collision detection ECU.

本発明の乗員検知センサによれば、着席時の乗員検知用電極と座席フレームとの間の静電容量から空席時の静電容量が低減（除去）されるので、乗員の着席を正確に検知できる。また、着席時に電流が検出されない乗員検知用電極と容量低減電極との間の故障を非着席時に検知できる。請求項２及び３の乗員検知センサによれば、乗員検知用電極が高電位で車両ＧＮＤが低電位の場合に、着席検知及び故障検知を確実に実行できる。請求項４の乗員検知センサによれば、乗員検知用電極が高電位で車両ＧＮＤが低電位の場合に、切換えスイッチにより、着席検知時と故障検知時とで乗員検知用電極、容量低減電極及び車両ＧＮＤや、駆動部及び検出部の接続状態を容易かつ確実に切り換えられる。請求項５、６及び７の乗員検知センサによれば、乗員検知用電極が低電位で車両ＧＮＤが高電位の場合に、それぞれ請求項２，３及び４と同様の効果が得られる。   According to the occupant detection sensor of the present invention, the vacant seat capacitance is reduced (removed) from the capacitance between the occupant detection electrode and the seat frame when seated, so that the occupant seating can be accurately detected. it can. Further, it is possible to detect a failure between the occupant detection electrode and the capacity reduction electrode in which no current is detected when sitting, when not sitting. According to the occupant detection sensor of the second and third aspects, when the occupant detection electrode is at a high potential and the vehicle GND is at a low potential, the seating detection and the failure detection can be reliably performed. According to the occupant detection sensor of claim 4, when the occupant detection electrode is at a high potential and the vehicle GND is at a low potential, the occupant detection electrode, the capacity reduction electrode, and the The connection state of the vehicle GND and the drive unit and the detection unit can be easily and reliably switched. According to the occupant detection sensors of the fifth, sixth and seventh aspects, the same effects as those of the second, third and fourth aspects can be obtained when the occupant detection electrode has a low potential and the vehicle GND has a high potential.

以下、本発明の実施形態（乗員検知センサ）について説明する。   Hereinafter, an embodiment (occupant detection sensor) of the present invention will be described.

＜実施形態＞
（イ）構成
図１に示すように、助手席１０は座部１２及び背もたれ部１７から成る。座部１２は車両ボディに固定され、背もたれ部１７が座部１２に対して回動可能に軸支されている。座部１２は座席フレーム１３、クッション材１４及び表皮１５を含み、金属製で骨格を形成する座席フレーム１３に発砲樹脂等からなるクッション材１４が取り付けられ、クッション材１４の表面を表皮材１５が覆っている。表皮材１５とクッション材１４との間に、次述するシート形体の電極ユニット２０が介装される。背もたれ部１７はその骨格と成る座席フレーム１８を含む。 <Embodiment>
(A) Configuration As shown in FIG. 1, the passenger seat 10 includes a seat portion 12 and a backrest portion 17. The seat portion 12 is fixed to the vehicle body, and the backrest portion 17 is pivotally supported so as to be rotatable with respect to the seat portion 12. The seat 12 includes a seat frame 13, a cushion material 14, and a skin 15, and a cushion material 14 made of foaming resin or the like is attached to a seat frame 13 made of metal and forming a skeleton, and the skin material 15 is attached to the surface of the cushion material 14. Covering. Between the skin material 15 and the cushion material 14, a sheet-shaped electrode unit 20 described below is interposed. The backrest portion 17 includes a seat frame 18 serving as a skeleton thereof.

図２及び図３に示すように、電極ユニット２０はフィルム部材２２、乗員検知用電極２５、空席容量低減電極３０、及びシールドワイヤ３７等を備える。尚、図３では説明の便宜上、フィルム部材２２、乗員検知用電極２５、容量低減電極３０を上下方向に誇張して示し、また乗員検知用電極２５の銀電極部、容量低減電極３０の銀電極部及びフィルム部材２２の図示を省略している。   As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the electrode unit 20 includes a film member 22, an occupant detection electrode 25, an empty seat capacity reduction electrode 30, a shield wire 37, and the like. 3, for convenience of explanation, the film member 22, the occupant detection electrode 25, and the capacity reduction electrode 30 are exaggerated in the vertical direction, and the silver electrode portion of the occupant detection electrode 25 and the silver electrode of the capacity reduction electrode 30 are shown. The part and the film member 22 are not shown.

フィルム部材２２は、電気的絶縁性材料であるＰＥＴ（ポリエチレンテレフタレート）から成り矩形状を有する。乗員検知用電極２５はフィルム部材２２の上面の中央部に形成され、カーボン電極部２６と銀電極部２７とを備えている。カーボン電極部２６及び銀電極部２７はともに矩形枠状を呈し、銀電極部２７はカーボン電極部２６の外縁の若干内周側に配線されている。フィルム部材２２の上面にはまた、乗員検知用電極２５の周囲にシートの被水を検知するための被水検知用電極２９が形成されているが、ここでは詳細な説明を省略する。   The film member 22 is made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), which is an electrically insulating material, and has a rectangular shape. The occupant detection electrode 25 is formed at the center of the upper surface of the film member 22 and includes a carbon electrode portion 26 and a silver electrode portion 27. Both the carbon electrode portion 26 and the silver electrode portion 27 have a rectangular frame shape, and the silver electrode portion 27 is wired slightly on the inner peripheral side of the outer edge of the carbon electrode portion 26. On the upper surface of the film member 22, a wet detection electrode 29 for detecting wetness of the sheet is formed around the occupant detection electrode 25, but detailed description thereof is omitted here.

フィルム部材２２の下面に乗員検知用電極２５と対向するように形成された容量低減電極３０は、カーボン電極部３１と銀電極部３２とを備えている。カーボン電極部３１及び銀電極部３２はともに矩形枠状を呈し、銀電極部３２はカーボン電極部３１の外縁の若干内周側に配線されている。乗員検知用電極２５と容量低減電極３０とはフィルム部材２２で絶縁されている。   The capacity reduction electrode 30 formed on the lower surface of the film member 22 so as to face the occupant detection electrode 25 includes a carbon electrode portion 31 and a silver electrode portion 32. Both the carbon electrode portion 31 and the silver electrode portion 32 have a rectangular frame shape, and the silver electrode portion 32 is wired slightly on the inner peripheral side of the outer edge of the carbon electrode portion 31. The occupant detection electrode 25 and the capacity reduction electrode 30 are insulated by the film member 22.

助手席１０の裏側にシールドワイヤ接続コネクタ３５及び外部接続コネクタ３６が配置されている。乗員検知用電極２５及び容量低減電極３０は、助手席１０のクッション材１４に穿設された連通孔（不図示）を介して、シールドワイヤ接続コネクタ３５に結線されている。シールドワイヤ接続コネクタ３５と外部接続コネクタ３６との間がシールドワイヤ３７により連結され、外部接続コネクタ３６に乗員検知ＥＣＵ４０が接続されている。   A shield wire connector 35 and an external connector 36 are arranged on the back side of the passenger seat 10. The occupant detection electrode 25 and the capacity reduction electrode 30 are connected to the shield wire connection connector 35 through a communication hole (not shown) formed in the cushion member 14 of the passenger seat 10. The shield wire connection connector 35 and the external connection connector 36 are connected by a shield wire 37, and the occupant detection ECU 40 is connected to the external connection connector 36.

乗員検知ＥＣＵ４０は車両フロアに設置され、シールドワイヤ３７を介して電極ユニット２０と接続されている。乗員検知ＥＣＵ４０は、電流検出回路５０、駆動回路４５及びＡ／Ｄ変換器（不図示）を含むＣＰＵと、通信インターフェイスとを備えている。ＣＰＵは、乗員検知センサ１０より出力される検出容量をＡ／Ｄ変換した値に基づき助手席が着席か空席かを判別する。判別結果が通信インターフェイスを介してエアバッグＥＣＵ（不図示）へ送信される。乗員検知用電極２５，容量低減電極３０、駆動回路５０及び電流検出回路４５が乗員検知センサ５５を構成する。   The occupant detection ECU 40 is installed on the vehicle floor and connected to the electrode unit 20 via the shield wire 37. The occupant detection ECU 40 includes a CPU including a current detection circuit 50, a drive circuit 45, and an A / D converter (not shown), and a communication interface. The CPU determines whether the passenger seat is seated or vacant based on a value obtained by A / D converting the detection capacity output from the occupant detection sensor 10. The determination result is transmitted to an airbag ECU (not shown) via the communication interface. The occupant detection electrode 25, the capacity reduction electrode 30, the drive circuit 50, and the current detection circuit 45 constitute an occupant detection sensor 55.

図４に示すように、乗員検知用電極２５から延び駆動回路４５が配置された配線２６と、容量低減電極３０から延びた配線３１、及び車両ＧＮＤ４２から延び電流検出計５０が配置された配線４３とが、接続点２８で接続されている。見方を変えれば、乗員検知用電極２５と容量低減電極３０との間に駆動回路４５が配置され、容量低減電極３０と車両ＧＮＤ４２との間に電流検出回路５０が配置されている。   As shown in FIG. 4, the wiring 26 extending from the occupant detection electrode 25 and having the driving circuit 45 disposed therein, the wiring 31 extending from the capacitance reducing electrode 30, and the wiring 43 extending from the vehicle GND 42 and having the current detector 50 disposed therein. Are connected at a connection point 28. In other words, the drive circuit 45 is disposed between the occupant detection electrode 25 and the capacity reduction electrode 30, and the current detection circuit 50 is disposed between the capacity reduction electrode 30 and the vehicle GND 42.

配線２６，配線３１及び配線４３の接続状態を切り換える切換えスイッチ６０が配置されている。図６に示すように、切換えスイッチ６０は第１端子６１、第２端子６２、第３端子６３及び第４端子６４と、第１切換え片６６及び第２切換え片６７とを含む。第１端子６１及び第４端子６４が配線３１から分岐し、第２端子６２及び第３端子６３が配線４３から分岐している。第１切換え片６６と第２切換え片６７とは連動して同時に切り換わる。   A changeover switch 60 for switching the connection state of the wiring 26, the wiring 31, and the wiring 43 is disposed. As shown in FIG. 6, the changeover switch 60 includes a first terminal 61, a second terminal 62, a third terminal 63 and a fourth terminal 64, and a first changeover piece 66 and a second changeover piece 67. The first terminal 61 and the fourth terminal 64 are branched from the wiring 31, and the second terminal 62 and the third terminal 63 are branched from the wiring 43. The first switching piece 66 and the second switching piece 67 are simultaneously switched in conjunction with each other.

（ロ）作用
次に、本実施形態の作用について説明する。 (B) Operation Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.

（１）着席検知
図４に示す着席検知時は、切換えスイッチ６０を図４に示し、図６に実線で示す第１位置に切り換える。第１切換え片６６が第１端子６１に接続され、第２切換え片６７が第３端子６３に接続される。すると、乗員の着席時は表皮材１５の上に乗員の身体の下半身が着席しており、乗員検知用電極２５と座席フレーム１３との間に身体が介在する。従って、駆動回路４５が高周波低電圧を発生すると、駆動回路４５の出力側即ち乗員検知用電極２５が高電位に駆動され、電流検出回路５０の入力側即ち車両ＧＮＤ４２及び容量低減電極３０は低電位に駆動される。乗員検知用電極２５〜下半身〜座席フレーム１３に静電容量Ｃｂが形成され、車両ＧＮＤ４２と乗員検知用電極２５との間を流れる電流が電流検出回路５０で検出される。 (1) Seating Detection At the time of seating detection shown in FIG. 4, the changeover switch 60 is switched to the first position shown in FIG. 4 and indicated by the solid line in FIG. 6. The first switching piece 66 is connected to the first terminal 61, and the second switching piece 67 is connected to the third terminal 63. Then, when the occupant is seated, the lower body of the occupant's body is seated on the skin material 15, and the body is interposed between the occupant detection electrode 25 and the seat frame 13. Therefore, when the drive circuit 45 generates a high frequency low voltage, the output side of the drive circuit 45, that is, the occupant detection electrode 25 is driven to a high potential, and the input side of the current detection circuit 50, that is, the vehicle GND 42 and the capacitance reduction electrode 30 are low potential. Driven by. Capacitance Cb is formed in occupant detection electrode 25 to lower body to seat frame 13, and a current flowing between vehicle GND 42 and occupant detection electrode 25 is detected by current detection circuit 50.

また、容量低減電極３０は駆動回路４５で車両ＧＮＤ４２と同電位（低電位）に駆動されるので、車両ＧＮＤ４２〜容量低減電極３０間には静電容量は発生しない。なお、容量低減電極３０〜乗員検知用電極２５間に静電容量Ｃｏが発生するが、電流検出回路５０では検出されない。   Further, since the capacity reduction electrode 30 is driven to the same potential (low potential) as the vehicle GND 42 by the drive circuit 45, no capacitance is generated between the vehicle GND 42 and the capacity reduction electrode 30. A capacitance Co is generated between the capacitance reduction electrode 30 and the occupant detection electrode 25 but is not detected by the current detection circuit 50.

（２）故障検知
故障検知時は、切換えスイッチ６０を図５に示し、図６に二点鎖線で示す第２位置に切り換える。第１切換え片６６が第２端子６２に接続され、第２切換え片６７が第４端子６４に接続される。すると、乗員検知用電極２５から延び駆動回路４５が配置された配線２６と、車両ＧＮＤ４２から延び電流検出計５０が配置された配線４３とが、接続点２８で接続される。見方を変えると、乗員検知用電極２５と車両ＧＮＤ４２との間に駆動回路４５が配置され、車両ＧＮＤ４２と容量低減電極３０との間に電流検出回路５０が配置される。 (2) Failure detection When a failure is detected, the changeover switch 60 is switched to the second position shown in FIG. 5 and indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. The first switching piece 66 is connected to the second terminal 62, and the second switching piece 67 is connected to the fourth terminal 64. Then, the wiring 26 that extends from the occupant detection electrode 25 and the drive circuit 45 is connected to the wiring 43 that extends from the vehicle GND 42 and the current detector 50 is connected at the connection point 28. In other words, the drive circuit 45 is disposed between the occupant detection electrode 25 and the vehicle GND 42, and the current detection circuit 50 is disposed between the vehicle GND 42 and the capacity reduction electrode 30.

駆動回路４５が乗員検知電極２５を高電位に容量低減電極３０を低電位に駆動し、乗員検知用電極２５と容量低減電極３０との間の静電容量が電流検出回路５０で検出される。
その結果、乗員検知用電極２５と容量低減電極３０との間が短絡の場合の静電容量の誤検出即ち乗員着席の誤検知が防止され、配線２６及び／又は配線３１が断線の場合の静電容量の未検出即ち乗員着席の未検知が防止される。 The drive circuit 45 drives the occupant detection electrode 25 to a high potential and the capacitance reduction electrode 30 to a low potential, and the current detection circuit 50 detects the capacitance between the occupant detection electrode 25 and the capacitance reduction electrode 30.
As a result, erroneous detection of capacitance when the occupant detection electrode 25 and the capacity reduction electrode 30 are short-circuited, that is, erroneous detection of occupant seating, is prevented, and static electricity when the wiring 26 and / or the wiring 31 is disconnected is prevented. Undetected electric capacity, that is, undetected passenger seating is prevented.

（効果）
この実施形態の乗員検知センサ５５によれば、以下の効果が得られる。第１に、着席時に空席容量Ｃｏが低減（除去）されるので、乗員検知電極２５〜下半身〜座席フレーム１３間の静電容量Ｃｂに基づき、乗員の着席を正確に検知できる。これに関連して、電極ユニット２０はシート状なので、フィルム部材２２の上面及び下面に乗員検知用電極２５及び容量低減電極３０を容易に形成できる。 (effect)
According to the passenger detection sensor 55 of this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. First, since the vacant seat capacity Co is reduced (removed) when seated, the seating of the occupant can be accurately detected based on the electrostatic capacity Cb between the occupant detection electrode 25 and the lower body and the seat frame 13. In this connection, since the electrode unit 20 is in the form of a sheet, the occupant detection electrode 25 and the capacity reduction electrode 30 can be easily formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the film member 22.

第２に、着席時に電流が検出されない乗員検知用電極２５と容量低減電極３０との間の故障を非着席時に検知できる。これにより、乗員検知センサ５５の正常な作動を確保できる。しかも、着席検知から故障検知には切換えスイッチ６０を切り換えるのみで良い。   Second, it is possible to detect a failure between the occupant detection electrode 25 and the capacity reduction electrode 30 in which no current is detected when sitting, when not sitting. Thereby, the normal operation | movement of the passenger | crew detection sensor 55 is securable. Moreover, it is only necessary to switch the changeover switch 60 from seating detection to failure detection.

＜変形例＞
図７及び図８に上記実施形態の変形例を示す。この変形例では、乗員検知用電極２５から接続点２８まで延びた配線２６に電流検出回路５０が配置され、容量低減電極３０から接続部２８まで配線３２が延び、車両ＧＮＤ４２から接続点２８まで延びた配線４４に駆動回路４５が配置されている。その他の構成は実施形態と同じである。 <Modification>
7 and 8 show a modification of the above embodiment. In this modification, a current detection circuit 50 is disposed on the wiring 26 extending from the occupant detection electrode 25 to the connection point 28, the wiring 32 extends from the capacitance reduction electrode 30 to the connection portion 28, and extends from the vehicle GND 42 to the connection point 28. A drive circuit 45 is disposed on the wiring 44. Other configurations are the same as those of the embodiment.

この変形例において図７に示す着席検知時は、電流検出回路５０の入力側即ち乗員検知用電極２５が低電位に、駆動回路４５の出力側即ち車両ＧＮＤ４２が高電位に駆動され、容量低減電極３０は車両ＧＮＤ４２と同電位（高電位）に駆動される。図８に示す故障検知時は、切換えスイッチ７０で接続状態を切り換えると、電流検出回路５０が配置された配線２６と、駆動回路４５が配置された配線３２とが接続部２８で接続され、乗員検知用電極２５が低電位に、容量低減電極３０が高電位に駆動される。この変形例によれば、上記実施形態と同様の効果が得られる。   In this modification, at the time of seating detection shown in FIG. 7, the input side of the current detection circuit 50, that is, the occupant detection electrode 25 is driven to a low potential, and the output side of the drive circuit 45, that is, the vehicle GND 42 is driven to a high potential. 30 is driven to the same potential (high potential) as the vehicle GND 42. When the failure state shown in FIG. 8 is detected, when the connection state is switched by the changeover switch 70, the wiring 26 in which the current detection circuit 50 is arranged and the wiring 32 in which the drive circuit 45 is arranged are connected by the connection unit 28. The detection electrode 25 is driven to a low potential, and the capacitance reduction electrode 30 is driven to a high potential. According to this modification, the same effect as the above embodiment can be obtained.

本発明の実施形態による乗員検知センサと助手席との関係を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the relationship between the passenger | crew detection sensor and passenger seat by embodiment of this invention. 乗員検知用電極及び容量低減電極を含む電極ユニットの平面図である。It is a top view of an electrode unit including an occupant detection electrode and a capacity reduction electrode. 図２の３−３断面図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2. 乗員検知センサの回路説明図（着席検知時）である。It is circuit explanatory drawing (at the time of seating detection) of a passenger | crew detection sensor. 乗員検知センサの作動説明図（故障検知時）である。It is operation | movement explanatory drawing (at the time of failure detection) of a passenger | crew detection sensor. 切換えスイッチの詳細図である。It is detail drawing of a changeover switch. 変形例を示す回路説明図（着席検知時）である。It is circuit explanatory drawing (at the time of seat detection) which shows a modification. 同じく作動説明図（故障検知時）である。It is operation | movement explanatory drawing (at the time of failure detection) similarly. 従来例の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of a prior art example.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０：座席 １２：座部 １３：座席フレーム
２０：電極ユニット ２５：乗員検知用電極 ３０：容量低減電極
４０：衝突検知用ＥＣＵ ４２：車両ＧＮＤ ４５：駆動部
５０：検出部 ５５：乗員検知センサ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10: Seat 12: Seat part 13: Seat frame 20: Electrode unit 25: Occupant detection electrode 30: Capacity reduction electrode 40: Collision detection ECU 42: Vehicle GND 45: Drive part 50: Detection part 55: Occupant detection sensor

Claims (7)

車両の座席（１０）に配置され、乗員の着席を検知するとともに、故障を検知できる静電容量式乗員検知センサ（５５）であって、
乗員の着席を検知する乗員検知用電極（２５）と、
前記乗員検知用電極に対向して配置され、着席時の該乗員検知用電極と車両ＧＮＤ（４２）に導通された座席フレーム（１３）との間の静電容量から、非着席時の該乗員検知電極と該座席フレームとの間の静電容量を低減する容量低減電極（３０）と、
着て席検知時は前記乗員検知用電極と前記車両ＧＮＤ及び前記容量低減電極との間に電圧を印加し、故障検知時は該乗員検知用電極と該容量低減電極との間に電圧を印加する駆動部（４５）と、
着席検知時は前記乗員検知用電極と前記車両ＧＮＤとの間の静電容量を検出し、故障検知時は該乗員検知用電極と前記容量低減電極との間の静電容量を検出する検出部（５０）と、
を備えたことを特徴とする静電容量式乗員検知センサ。 A capacitive occupant detection sensor (55) that is disposed on a seat (10) of a vehicle and detects a passenger's seating and can detect a failure,
An occupant detection electrode (25) for detecting the occupant's seating;
The occupant when not seated is determined from the capacitance between the occupant detection electrode when seated and the seat frame (13) that is conducted to the vehicle GND (42). A capacitance reducing electrode (30) for reducing the capacitance between the sensing electrode and the seat frame;
When a seat is detected, a voltage is applied between the occupant detection electrode and the vehicle GND and the capacity reduction electrode. When a failure is detected, a voltage is applied between the occupant detection electrode and the capacity reduction electrode. A driving unit (45) to perform,
A detection unit that detects a capacitance between the occupant detection electrode and the vehicle GND when seating is detected, and detects a capacitance between the occupant detection electrode and the capacitance reduction electrode when a failure is detected. (50),
A capacitive occupant detection sensor comprising: 着席検知時は、前記乗員検知用電極と前記車両ＧＮＤとの間に前記駆動部及び前記検出部が直列に配置され、前記容量低減電極と該車両ＧＮＤとは同電位に駆動され、故障検知時は、該乗員検知用電極と該容量低減電極との間に該駆動部及び該検出部が直列に配置される請求項１に記載の静電容量式乗員検知センサ。   At the time of seating detection, the drive unit and the detection unit are arranged in series between the occupant detection electrode and the vehicle GND, and the capacity reduction electrode and the vehicle GND are driven at the same potential to detect a failure. The capacitive occupant detection sensor according to claim 1, wherein the drive unit and the detection unit are arranged in series between the occupant detection electrode and the capacitance reduction electrode. 着席検知時及び故障検知時、前記乗員検知電極が高電位に、前記容量低減電極及び前記車両ＧＮＤが低電位に駆動される請求項２に記載の静電容量式乗員検知センサ。   The capacitive occupant detection sensor according to claim 2, wherein the occupant detection electrode is driven to a high potential and the capacity reduction electrode and the vehicle GND are driven to a low potential at the time of seating detection and failure detection. 着席検知時は、前記乗員検知用電極から延び前記駆動部が配置された配線（２６）を、前記容量低減電極から延びた配線（３１）、及び前記車両ＧＮＤから延び前記検出部が配置された配線（４３）に接続し、故障検知時は、該乗員検知用電極から延び該駆動部が配置された配線（２６）を、該容量低減電極から延び該検出部が配置された配線（４３）に接続する切換えスイッチ（６０）を含む請求項３に記載の静電容量式乗員検知センサ。   At the time of seating detection, the wiring (26) extending from the occupant detection electrode and the driving portion is disposed, the wiring (31) extending from the capacitance reducing electrode, and the detection portion is disposed extending from the vehicle GND. When the failure is detected by connecting to the wiring (43), the wiring (26) extending from the occupant detection electrode is provided with the driving section and the wiring (43) extending from the capacitance reducing electrode is provided with the detection section. The electrostatic capacity type occupant detection sensor according to claim 3, further comprising a changeover switch (60) connected to the sensor. 着席検知時は、前記乗員検知用電極と前記車両ＧＮＤとの間に前記検出部及び前記駆動部が直列に配置され、前記容量低減電極と該車両ＧＮＤとは同電位に駆動され、故障検知時は、該乗員検知用電極と該容量低減電極との間に該検出部及び該駆動部が直列に配置される請求項１に記載の静電容量式乗員検知センサ。   At the time of seating detection, the detection unit and the drive unit are arranged in series between the occupant detection electrode and the vehicle GND, and the capacity reduction electrode and the vehicle GND are driven at the same potential to detect a failure. The capacitive occupant detection sensor according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit and the drive unit are arranged in series between the occupant detection electrode and the capacitance reduction electrode. 着席検知時及び故障検知時に、前記乗員検知電極が低電位に、前記容量低減電極及び前記車両ＧＮＤが高電位に駆動される請求項５に記載の静電容量式乗員検知センサ。   The capacitive occupant detection sensor according to claim 5, wherein the occupant detection electrode is driven to a low potential, and the capacitance reduction electrode and the vehicle GND are driven to a high potential at the time of seating detection and failure detection. 着席検知時は、前記乗員検知用電極から延び前記検出部が配置された配線（２６）を、前記容量低減電極から延びた配線（３２）、及び前記車両ＧＮＤから延び前記駆動部が配置された配線（４４）に接続し、故障検知時は、該乗員検知用電極から延び該検出部が配置された配線（２６）を、該容量低減電極から延び該駆動部が配置された配線（４３）に接続する切換えスイッチ（６２）を含む請求項３に記載の静電容量式乗員検知センサ。   At the time of seating detection, the wiring (26) extending from the occupant detection electrode and having the detection portion disposed thereon, the wiring (32) extending from the capacitance reducing electrode, and the driving portion extending from the vehicle GND are disposed. When the failure is detected by connecting to the wiring (44), the wiring (26) extending from the occupant detection electrode and having the detection portion disposed thereon is extended from the capacitance reducing electrode and the wiring (43) having the driving portion disposed thereon. The electrostatic capacity type occupant detection sensor according to claim 3, further comprising a changeover switch (62) connected to the electric vehicle.
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US7633179B2 (en) 2006-09-28 2009-12-15 Honda Elesys Co., Ltd. Passenger detection apparatus for detecting breakage on shield line without being affected by peripheral shield cables
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US8120483B2 (en) 2008-09-19 2012-02-21 Denso Corporation Electrostatic occupant detecting apparatus and method of adjusting electrostatic occupant detecting apparatus
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US9274154B2 (en) 2010-09-28 2016-03-01 Fujikura Ltd. Electrostatic capacitance sensor and method for determining failure of electrostatic capacitance sensor
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