JP2006207292A - Damping structure and damping method for wooden building - Google Patents

Damping structure and damping method for wooden building Download PDF

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JP2006207292A
JP2006207292A JP2005021980A JP2005021980A JP2006207292A JP 2006207292 A JP2006207292 A JP 2006207292A JP 2005021980 A JP2005021980 A JP 2005021980A JP 2005021980 A JP2005021980 A JP 2005021980A JP 2006207292 A JP2006207292 A JP 2006207292A
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wooden building
brace
column
damping structure
attached
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JP4139901B2 (en
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Kazuhiko Kasai
笠井和彦
Hiroyasu Sakata
坂田弘安
Yoji Oki
大木洋司
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Tokyo Institute of Technology NUC
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a damping structure of a wooden building capable of developing excellent damping performance irrespective of whether vibration is large or small. <P>SOLUTION: This damping structure of the wooden building comprises two column materials A and B positioned parallel with each other to form the skeleton of the wooden building, a damper body 2 fitted to one column material A, and a plurality of brace materials 3 fixed to the damper body 2 at its one end and fixed, at its other end, to the other column material B at different positions in the height direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、木造建物の制振構造及び木造建物の制振方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a vibration control structure for a wooden building and a vibration control method for a wooden building.

地震や強風等によって木造建物に生じた振動を低減する手段としては一般的に、建物の骨組みを構成する2本の柱材A、B及び2本の横架材C、Dにかけて合板耐力壁Tを取り付けたり(図16(a)参照)、一対の横架材C、D間に、伝達部材Vを介してダンパーWを架け渡して設置したり(図16(b)参照)することが知られている。   As a means for reducing vibrations generated in wooden buildings due to earthquakes, strong winds, etc., in general, the plywood bearing wall T is applied to the two column members A and B and the two horizontal members C and D constituting the building framework. Is installed (see FIG. 16A), or the damper W is installed between the pair of horizontal members C and D via the transmission member V (see FIG. 16B). It has been.

上記した振動を低減する手段にあっては、次のような問題点がある。
(1)図16(a)に示すように、合板耐力壁Tを用いた場合には、剛性は高くなるが、エネルギー吸収性能が低く、建物の振動を抑えることが困難である。
このため、建物が損傷しやすく、振動が大きくなると破壊に至る可能性が高い。
(2)図16(b)に示すように、2本の横架材C、D間にダンパーWを架設した場合には、伝達部材Vにおいて横架材の取付け部がすべり変形するなど、伝達部材Vに大きな曲げの力が作用して変形したりするおそれがある。したがって、ダンパーWが、ほとんど変形せず、振動エネルギーを吸収しにくくなるため、十分な制振効果が得られない場合がある。
The above-described means for reducing vibration has the following problems.
(1) As shown in FIG. 16A, when the plywood bearing wall T is used, the rigidity is increased, but the energy absorption performance is low, and it is difficult to suppress the vibration of the building.
For this reason, a building is easy to be damaged, and when vibration increases, there is a high possibility of destruction.
(2) As shown in FIG. 16 (b), when the damper W is installed between the two horizontal members C and D, the transmission member V causes the horizontal member attachment portion to slip and deform. There is a possibility that a large bending force acts on the member V and deforms. Therefore, the damper W is hardly deformed and it is difficult to absorb vibration energy, so that a sufficient damping effect may not be obtained.

本発明は、上記したような従来の問題を解決するためになされたもので、振動の大小に関わらず、優れた制振性能を発揮することが可能な木造建物の制振構造及び木造建物の制振方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described conventional problems, and a wooden building damping structure and a wooden building capable of exhibiting excellent damping performance regardless of the magnitude of vibration. The purpose is to provide a vibration control method.

上記のような課題を解決するために、本願の第1の発明は、木造建物の骨組みを構成する、並行する2本の柱材と、一方の柱材に取り付けたダンパー体と、一端部をダンパー体に取り付け、他端部を他方の柱材の高さ方向に異なる位置にそれぞれ取り付けた、複数本のブレース材と、を備えたことを特徴とする、木造建物の制振構造である。   In order to solve the problems as described above, the first invention of the present application includes two pillar members that form a framework of a wooden building, a damper body attached to one pillar member, and one end portion. A vibration control structure for a wooden building, comprising: a plurality of brace members attached to a damper body and having the other end portions attached to different positions in the height direction of the other column member.

また、本願の第2の発明は、前記第1の発明であって、ブレース材の他端部を、他方の柱材の上端部及び下端部を含む、高さ方向に異なる位置にそれぞれ取り付けたことを特徴とする。   Moreover, 2nd invention of this application is said 1st invention, Comprising: The other end part of the brace material was each attached to the position which is different in a height direction including the upper end part and lower end part of the other pillar material. It is characterized by that.

また、本願の第3の発明は、前記第1または2の発明であって、ダンパー体を、一方の柱材の高さ方向中間部に取り付けたことを特徴とする。   Moreover, 3rd invention of this application is said 1st or 2nd invention, Comprising: The damper body was attached to the height direction intermediate part of one pillar material, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

また、本願の第4の発明は、前記第1乃至3のいずれかの発明であって、一方の柱材の剛性を高めるために、この柱材に剛性補強材を設けたことを特徴とする。   Further, a fourth invention of the present application is any one of the first to third inventions, characterized in that a rigidity reinforcing material is provided on the pillar material in order to increase the rigidity of one pillar material. .

また、本願の第5の発明は、前記第4の発明であって、剛性補強材を、一方の柱材におけるダンパー体の取付け位置から下端位置にわたって設けたことを特徴とする。   The fifth invention of the present application is the fourth invention, characterized in that the rigid reinforcing material is provided from the mounting position of the damper body to the lower end position in one pillar material.

また、本願の第6の発明は、前記第5の発明であって、剛性補強材を、他方の柱材と対向する一方の柱材の側面部に取り付けて設けるとともに、 剛性補強材の下端部に、ホールダウンアンカーが挿入されるホールダウン部を一体的に設けたことを特徴とする。   Further, a sixth invention of the present application is the fifth invention, wherein the rigid reinforcing material is provided by being attached to a side surface portion of one column material facing the other column material, and the lower end portion of the rigid reinforcing material Further, a hole-down portion into which the hole-down anchor is inserted is integrally provided.

また、本願の第7の発明は、前記第1乃至5のいずれかの発明であって、複数本のうちの最も下側のブレース材の他端部に、ホールダウンアンカーが挿入されるホールダウン部を一体的に設けたことを特徴とする。   Further, a seventh invention of the present application is the invention of any one of the first to fifth inventions, wherein a hole down anchor is inserted into the other end portion of the lowermost brace material of the plurality. The part is provided integrally.

また、本願の第8の発明は、ダンパー体とブレース材とを用いた木造建物の制振方法であって、木造建物の骨組みを構成する、並行する2本の柱材のうちの一方の柱材にダンパー体を取り付け、複数本のブレース材の一端部をそれぞれ、ダンパー体に取り付け、他端部をそれぞれ、他方の柱材の高さ方向に異なる位置に取り付けたことを特徴とする。   In addition, an eighth invention of the present application is a vibration control method for a wooden building using a damper body and a brace material, and is one of two columns in parallel that constitute a framework of the wooden building. A damper body is attached to the material, one end portions of a plurality of brace materials are respectively attached to the damper body, and the other end portions are respectively attached to different positions in the height direction of the other pillar material.

本発明の木造建物の制振構造及び木造建物の制振方法は、上記した課題を解決するための手段により、次のような効果のうちの少なくとも一つを得ることができる。
(1)並行する2本の柱材のうちの一方の柱材にダンパー体を取り付け、複数本のブレース材の一端部をそれぞれ、ダンパー体に取り付け、他端部をそれぞれ、他方の柱材の高さ方向に異なる位置に取り付けることにより、柱材に生じる力は、曲げ方向の力が抑えられて軸力が支配的になる。したがって、柱材の曲げ変形が防止または抑制され、振動時の層間変位を小さく抑えることができる。
さらに、柱材の曲げ変形が抑えられることにより、ダンパー体が振動時のエネルギーの大半をせん断抵抗として吸収できるため、ダンパー体の振動吸収効率が向上する。
(2)一方の柱材に剛性補強材を設けることにより、柱材の曲げ剛性をより向上させるとともに、柱材の振動時のエネルギー吸収を確実に阻止して、ダンパー体の振動吸収効果をより効果的に高めることができる。
(3)複数本のうちの最も下側のブレース材の他端部に、ホールダウンアンカーが挿入されるホールダウン部を一体的に設けることにより、柱材等の骨組みに負担をかけずにダンパーからブレース材、ホールダウンアンカーに至るまで引っ張り力を確実に伝達でき、柱材の抜けを防止することができる。
(4)剛性補強材を、他方の柱材と対向する一方の柱材の側面に取り付けて設けるとともに、剛性補強材の下端部に、ホールダウンアンカーが挿入されるホールダウン部を一体的に設けることにより、一方の柱材の剛性がより高められると共に、柱材等の骨組みに負担をかけずにダンパーから、ブレース材、ホールダウンアンカーに至るまで引っ張り力を確実に伝達でき、柱材の抜けを防止することができる。
The damping structure for a wooden building and the damping method for a wooden building according to the present invention can obtain at least one of the following effects by means for solving the problems described above.
(1) A damper body is attached to one of the two parallel pillars, one end of each of the brace members is attached to the damper body, and the other end is attached to the other pillar. By attaching at different positions in the height direction, the force generated in the column material is suppressed in the bending direction and the axial force becomes dominant. Therefore, bending deformation of the column material is prevented or suppressed, and interlayer displacement during vibration can be suppressed to a small level.
Furthermore, since the bending deformation of the column member is suppressed, the damper body can absorb most of the energy at the time of vibration as a shear resistance, so that the vibration absorption efficiency of the damper body is improved.
(2) By providing a stiffener on one of the pillars, the bending rigidity of the pillars is further improved, and energy absorption during vibration of the pillars is reliably prevented to further improve the vibration absorption effect of the damper body. Can be effectively increased.
(3) By providing a hole-down portion into which the hole-down anchor is inserted at the other end of the lowermost brace material among the plurality of dampers, a damper is not applied to the frame of the pillar material or the like. It is possible to reliably transmit the pulling force from the brace material to the hole down anchor and prevent the column material from coming off.
(4) A rigid reinforcement member is provided by being attached to the side surface of one pillar member facing the other pillar member, and a hole-down portion into which a hole-down anchor is inserted is integrally provided at the lower end portion of the rigid reinforcement member. As a result, the rigidity of one of the pillars can be further increased, and the tensile force can be reliably transmitted from the damper to the brace and hole down anchor without placing a burden on the frame of the pillars, etc. Can be prevented.

以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の実施の形態について説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<1>制振装置の設置条件
制振装置1は、図1に示すように、木造建物の骨組を構成する、並行する2本の柱材A、Bに生じた振動を防止するためのものである。
柱材A、Bはそれぞれ、上下に並行する2本の横架材、例えば梁材Cと土台材Dとに接合されている。
制振装置1は、振動時の層間変位が比較的大きくなるような柱材と横架材との接合構造である場合、例えば、柱材A、Bと横架材C、Dとが嵌合接合されている場合に特に有効である。
例えば、柱材A、Bはそれぞれ、高さ方向両端部にほぞA1、B1を有し、このほぞA1、B1を横架材C、Dに設けたほぞ穴(図示せず)に嵌め込むことにより、横架材C、Dと接続されている場合、さらには、柱材AまたはBの幅方向側面と横架材CまたはDの高さ方向側面とにかけて取り付けたL字状の接合具Eによって柱材A、Bがそれぞれ、横架材C、Dと接合されている場合である。
なお、柱材A、Bは、ここでは断面四角形状を有しているが、制振装置1の設置にあたって断面形状を特に問わない。
<1> Installation Conditions of Vibration Control Device The vibration control device 1 is for preventing vibration generated in the two parallel pillars A and B constituting the framework of the wooden building as shown in FIG. It is.
Each of the column members A and B is joined to two horizontal members, for example, a beam member C and a base member D, which are vertically parallel.
When the vibration damping device 1 has a joint structure between a column member and a horizontal member that causes a relatively large interlayer displacement during vibration, for example, the column members A and B and the horizontal members C and D are fitted together. This is particularly effective when bonded.
For example, each of the column members A and B has tenons A1 and B1 at both ends in the height direction, and the tenons A1 and B1 are fitted into tenon holes (not shown) provided in the horizontal members C and D. Therefore, when connected to the horizontal members C and D, the L-shaped connector E attached to the side surface in the width direction of the column material A or B and the side surface in the height direction of the horizontal member C or D is further provided. In this case, the column members A and B are joined to the horizontal members C and D, respectively.
The column members A and B have a square cross section here, but the cross sectional shape is not particularly limited when the vibration damping device 1 is installed.

<2>ダンパー体
制振装置1は、ダンパー体2と複数本、例えば2本のブレース材3とを備えている。
ダンパー体2は、図2、3(a)に示すように、一方の柱材、例えば柱材Aに取り付ける柱材取付け部材21と、複数本のブレース材3が取り付けられるブレース材取付け部材22と、柱材取付け部材21及びブレース材取付け部材22を連結するせん断部材23と、から構成する。
せん断部材23は、柱材取付け部材21に接合した柱側板材231と、この柱側板材231に重なるように設け、ブレース材取付け部材22に接合したブレース側板材232と、柱側板材231及びブレース側板材232の間に介在させた、振動時に減衰力を発生する減衰材としての粘弾性材233と、を有するほぼ板状である。せん断部材23は、柱側板材231とブレース側板材232とが相対変位した際に、粘弾性材233がせん断変形することにより振動を減衰するものである。すなわち、ダンパー体2は粘弾性ダンパーである。なお、せん断部材23は、例えば、複数枚の板材からなる柱側板材231でブレース側板材232を挟み込むような構成とすることができるが、図3(b)に示すように、柱側板材231を一枚板とし、粘弾性材23を介して柱側板材231とブレース側板材232とを単に重ね合わせるだけの構成としてもよい。
柱材取付け部材21は、柱側板材231を重なるように接合した板状の基部211と、この基部211の幅方向一端部から厚さ(奥行き)方向両側に延びる取付け板部212と、を有する断面T字状である。ブレース側板材232を重なるように接合したブレース材取付け部材22は板状である。柱材取付け部材21、ブレース材取付け部材22、柱側板材231及びブレース側板材232は例えば金属製とすることができる。
せん断部材23は、柱材取付け部材21及びブレース材取付け部材22に重なるように接合するため、安定性を高めるために、柱材取付け部材21及びブレース材取付け部材22を挟み付けるように一対設けることが好ましい。この場合には、ブレース材取付け部材22を一対のブレース側板材232で挟み、かつ、柱材取付け部材21を一対の柱側板材231で挟んで、ボルトナット(図示せず)で締め付けることにより設けることができる。
ダンパー体2は、複数の板材を重ね合わせてボルトナットで接合することにより形成される簡易な構成であるため、汎用性に優れる。
<2> Damper Body The vibration damping device 1 includes a damper body 2 and a plurality of, for example, two brace members 3.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 (a), the damper body 2 includes a pillar material attaching member 21 attached to one pillar material, for example, the pillar material A, and a brace material attaching member 22 to which a plurality of brace materials 3 are attached. And a shearing member 23 that connects the column member mounting member 21 and the brace material mounting member 22.
The shearing member 23 is provided so as to overlap the column side plate member 231 joined to the column member attachment member 21, the brace side plate member 232 joined to the brace material attachment member 22, the column side plate member 231, and the brace. It has a substantially plate shape having a viscoelastic material 233 as a damping material that generates a damping force during vibration, interposed between the side plate materials 232. The shearing member 23 attenuates vibrations by the shear deformation of the viscoelastic material 233 when the column side plate material 231 and the brace side plate material 232 are relatively displaced. That is, the damper body 2 is a viscoelastic damper. The shearing member 23 can be configured to sandwich the brace side plate member 232 between the column side plate members 231 made of a plurality of plate members, for example, but as shown in FIG. May be configured as a single plate, and the column side plate member 231 and the brace side plate member 232 are simply overlapped with each other with the viscoelastic material 23 interposed therebetween.
The column member mounting member 21 includes a plate-like base portion 211 joined so as to overlap the column side plate member 231, and mounting plate portions 212 extending from both ends in the width direction to both sides in the thickness (depth) direction. The cross section is T-shaped. The brace material attachment member 22 joined so that the brace side plate material 232 overlaps is plate-shaped. The column member mounting member 21, the brace material mounting member 22, the column side plate member 231 and the brace side plate member 232 can be made of metal, for example.
A pair of shear members 23 are provided so as to sandwich the column member attachment member 21 and the brace member attachment member 22 in order to increase stability because they are joined so as to overlap the column member attachment member 21 and the brace member attachment member 22. Is preferred. In this case, the brace material mounting member 22 is sandwiched between a pair of brace side plates 232, and the column material mounting member 21 is sandwiched between a pair of column side plates 231 and tightened with a bolt nut (not shown). be able to.
Since the damper body 2 has a simple configuration formed by overlapping a plurality of plate members and joining them with bolts and nuts, the damper body 2 is excellent in versatility.

<3>ブレース材
ブレース材3は、図4に示すように、例えば金属材料で筒状に形成し、一端部に、ダンパー体2に取り付けるダンパー体取付け部31を設け、他端部に、他方の柱材、例えば柱材Bに取り付ける柱材取付け部32を設けて構成する。
ダンパー体取付け部31は、ブレース材取付け部材22が嵌め込まれる凹状に形成する。そして、ブレース材取付け部材22をダンパー体接合部31に嵌め込んだ状態で、ボルト(図示せず)等で固定することにより、ブレース材3をダンパー体2に取り付けられるように構成する。柱材取付け部32は、柱材Bに当接するように板状に形成する。
<3> Brace material As shown in FIG. 4, the brace material 3 is formed in a cylindrical shape with, for example, a metal material, provided with a damper body mounting portion 31 to be attached to the damper body 2 at one end portion, Column material attachment portions 32 that are attached to the column material, for example, the column material B, are provided.
The damper body mounting portion 31 is formed in a concave shape into which the brace material mounting member 22 is fitted. Then, the brace material 3 is attached to the damper body 2 by fixing the brace material mounting member 22 in the damper body joint portion 31 with a bolt (not shown) or the like. The column member mounting portion 32 is formed in a plate shape so as to contact the column member B.

<4>制振装置の設置
制振装置1は、ダンパー体2を柱材Aに取り付け、ダンパー体2に取り付けた2本のブレース材3をそれぞれ、他方の柱材Bの高さ方向に異なる位置に取り付けることにより、柱材Aと柱材Bとに架け渡して設置する。より具体的には、ダンパー体2の柱材取付け部材21の取付け板部212を、柱材Bと対向する柱材Aの側面部A2にビス(図示せず)によって固定し、それぞれのブレース材3の柱材取付け部32を、柱材Aと対向する柱材Bの側面部B2にビスによって固定する。ダンパー体2及びブレース材3の取付けにビスを用いることにより、釘やボルトを用いた場合と比較して、取付けに緩みが生じ難くなる。
設置にあたっては、振動時の減衰作用を高めるために、すなわち、柱側板材231とブレース側板材232との相対変位量が大きくなって粘弾性材233が変形しやすくなるように、ブレース材3を、柱材Bの上端部(梁材Cの下側近傍部)及び下端部(土台材Dの上側近傍部)を含む高さ方向に異なる位置、ここではブレース材3が2本なので柱材Bの上端部及び下端部にそれぞれ取り付けることが好ましい。さらには、ダンパー体2を柱材Aの高さ方向中間部(梁材Cと土台材Dとの中間部)に取り付けることが好ましい。ブレース材3はそれぞれ、柱材Bの取付け位置に応じて、長さや柱材取付け部32の角度などをあらかじめ設定しておく。
制振装置1は、複数本のブレース材3によって、柱材A、Bに作用する曲げの力を抑制し、振動時の層間変位を小さく抑えることとなる。また、図5に示すように、柱材Aと柱材Bとが相対変位した際には、ダンパー体2の粘弾性材233がせん断変形することにより、エネルギーの大半をせん断抵抗として吸収して振動を減衰することとなる。
なお、制振装置1は、ダンパー体を柱材Bに取り付け、ブレース材3を柱材Aに取り付けても同様の効果が得られる。
あるいは、ブレース材3を、柱材Bに取り付ける代わりに、横架材CまたはDに取り付けてもよい。この場合には、ダンパー体2及び横架材C、Dへのブレース材3の取付けをピン接合によって行うことが好ましい。
<4> Installation of Damping Device Damping device 1 has damper body 2 attached to pillar material A, and two brace members 3 attached to damper body 2 are different in the height direction of the other pillar material B. By attaching to the position, it is installed across the pillar material A and the pillar material B. More specifically, the mounting plate portion 212 of the column member mounting member 21 of the damper body 2 is fixed to the side surface portion A2 of the column member A facing the column member B with screws (not shown), and the respective brace members are fixed. 3 is fixed to the side surface portion B2 of the column material B facing the column material A with screws. By using screws for mounting the damper body 2 and the brace material 3, the mounting is less likely to loosen than when nails or bolts are used.
In installing the brace material 3 in order to increase the damping effect during vibration, that is, so that the relative displacement between the column side plate material 231 and the brace side plate material 232 is increased and the viscoelastic material 233 is easily deformed. , Different positions in the height direction including the upper end portion (the lower vicinity portion of the beam material C) and the lower end portion (the upper vicinity portion of the base material D) of the column material B. Here, since there are two brace materials 3, the column material B It is preferable to attach to the upper end part and lower end part of each. Furthermore, it is preferable to attach the damper body 2 to the height direction intermediate part (intermediate part of the beam material C and the base material D) of the column material A. Each brace material 3 has a length, an angle of the column material mounting portion 32, and the like set in advance according to the mounting position of the column material B.
The vibration damping device 1 suppresses the bending force acting on the column members A and B by the plurality of brace members 3 and suppresses the interlayer displacement during vibration. As shown in FIG. 5, when the columnar material A and the columnar material B are relatively displaced, the viscoelastic material 233 of the damper body 2 is shear-deformed, so that most of the energy is absorbed as shear resistance. Vibration will be attenuated.
Note that the vibration damping device 1 can obtain the same effect even when the damper body is attached to the pillar material B and the brace material 3 is attached to the pillar material A.
Alternatively, the brace material 3 may be attached to the horizontal member C or D instead of being attached to the pillar material B. In this case, it is preferable to attach the brace material 3 to the damper body 2 and the horizontal members C and D by pin joining.

<5>剛性補強材
前述のように、ブレース材3によって柱材A、Bの撓みまたは曲げ変形はある程度抑えられるが、ダンパー体2を介して複数本のブレース材3の取付け位置が一点に集中する柱材Aには、振動時に複数本のブレース材3からの引張力及び圧縮力が一点に集中して作用するため、柱材Aの撓みまたは湾曲変形を完全に防止することは難しい。このため、柱材Aに剛性補強材4を設けて、この柱材Aの剛性を高めることが効果的である。より具体的に、柱材Aは、ダンパー体2の取付け位置から撓みまたは湾曲変形しやすいため、剛性補強材4は、柱材Aにおけるダンパー体2の取付け位置から下端位置にわたって設ければ足りる。
ここでは、剛性補強材4を、金属製の帯状に形成すると共に、ホールダウンアンカー41が挿入されるホールダウン部42を下端部に一体的に設けて構成し、柱材Bと対向する柱材Aの側面部A2に取り付ける。剛性補強材4の柱材Aへの取付けにあたっては、ビスを用いることができ、この剛性補強材4を介してダンパー体2を柱材Aに取り付ける。ビスは、あまり間隔をあけずに剛性補強材4のほぼ高さ方向わたって複数設けることが効果的である。
剛性補強材4のホールダウン部42には、土台材Dを貫通して建物基礎(図示せず)に打ち込むホールダウンアンカー41を挿入固定する。ホールダウン部42によって柱材Aにホールダウンアンカー41が引き寄せた状態で固定されるため、柱材Aの抜けが防止されると共に、柱材Aと土台材Dとの接合部の剛性が高められ、振動時の柱材Aの回動による接合部の損傷が抑えられる。
同様に、下側のブレース部材3の柱材取付け部32の下端部にも、ホールダウンアンカー41が挿入されるホールダウン部33を一体的に設ける。ホールダウン部33によって、柱材Bの抜けが防止されると共に、柱材Bと土台材Dとの接合部の剛性が高められ、振動時の柱材Bの回動による接合部の損傷が抑えられる。
<5> Rigid reinforcement As described above, the brace material 3 can suppress the bending or bending deformation of the columnar materials A and B to some extent, but the mounting positions of the plurality of brace materials 3 are concentrated on one point via the damper body 2. Since the tensile force and the compressive force from the plurality of brace members 3 are concentrated on one point during vibration, it is difficult to completely prevent the column member A from being bent or curved. For this reason, it is effective to provide the columnar material A with the rigidity reinforcing material 4 and increase the rigidity of the columnar material A. More specifically, since the column material A is easily bent or curved from the mounting position of the damper body 2, it is sufficient that the rigid reinforcing material 4 is provided from the mounting position of the damper body 2 to the lower end position in the column material A.
Here, the rigid reinforcing material 4 is formed in a metal band shape, and a hole-down portion 42 into which the hole-down anchor 41 is inserted is integrally provided at the lower end portion. Attach to side A2 of A. A screw can be used for attaching the rigid reinforcing material 4 to the column material A, and the damper body 2 is attached to the column material A via the rigid reinforcing material 4. It is effective to provide a plurality of screws over almost the height direction of the rigid reinforcing member 4 without leaving a gap.
A hole-down anchor 41 that penetrates the base material D and is driven into a building foundation (not shown) is inserted and fixed in the hole-down portion 42 of the rigid reinforcing member 4. Since the hole down anchor 41 is fixed to the pillar material A by the hole down portion 42, the pillar material A is prevented from coming off and the rigidity of the joint between the pillar material A and the base material D is increased. In addition, damage to the joint due to the rotation of the column member A during vibration is suppressed.
Similarly, a hole-down portion 33 into which the hole-down anchor 41 is inserted is also integrally provided at the lower end portion of the column member mounting portion 32 of the lower brace member 3. The hole-down portion 33 prevents the pillar material B from coming off, increases the rigidity of the joint between the pillar material B and the base material D, and suppresses damage to the joint due to the rotation of the pillar material B during vibration. It is done.

以降に他の形態について説明するが、実施例1と同一の部位については同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。   Other forms will be described below, but the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

ここでの制振装置1は、ダンパー体2をダンパー体5に変更したものである。
ダンパー体5は、図6に示すように、ブレース材取付け部材22と、このブレース材取付け部材22に連結部材51を介して高さ方向に並列的に接合した複数のH形鋼52と、から構成する。
H形鋼52はそれぞれ、一方の垂直面部521をブレース材取付け部材22に接合する。一方、他方の垂直面部522を、剛性補強材4を介してビスにより柱材Aに取り付けることにより、ダンパー体5が柱材Aに設置される。それぞれのH形鋼52の水平面部523は、図7に示すように、振動時の両端部の応力集中を回避するために、中央部に向かって漸次幅(奥行き)が狭くなるように形成する。
このような構成により、振動時には、水平面部523が降伏して塑性変形するため、エネルギーを吸収して制振する。すなわち、ダンパー体6は弾塑性ダンパーである。従来、弾塑性ダンパーは、垂直面部と水平面部とが溶接等により接合されるが、制振装置1は、一般住宅等の木造建物の制振に耐え得る構成で足りるため、ダンパー体5は、垂直面部と水平面部とが一体形成されたH形鋼52を採用する安価で簡易なものであり、汎用性に優れる。ここでは、H形鋼52の他方の垂直面部522が柱材取付け部材を構成し、H形鋼52の水平面部523が減衰材を構成する。
The vibration damping device 1 here is obtained by changing the damper body 2 to the damper body 5.
As shown in FIG. 6, the damper body 5 includes a brace material mounting member 22 and a plurality of H-section steels 52 joined in parallel to the brace material mounting member 22 in the height direction via a connecting member 51. Constitute.
Each H-shaped steel 52 joins one vertical surface portion 521 to the brace material mounting member 22. On the other hand, the damper body 5 is installed on the pillar material A by attaching the other vertical surface portion 522 to the pillar material A with screws through the rigid reinforcing material 4. As shown in FIG. 7, the horizontal surface portion 523 of each H-shaped steel 52 is formed so that the width (depth) gradually decreases toward the center portion in order to avoid stress concentration at both ends during vibration. .
With such a configuration, at the time of vibration, the horizontal surface portion 523 yields and plastically deforms, and thus absorbs energy and suppresses vibration. That is, the damper body 6 is an elastic-plastic damper. Conventionally, in the elastoplastic damper, the vertical surface portion and the horizontal surface portion are joined by welding or the like. However, since the vibration damping device 1 is sufficient to be able to withstand vibration damping of a wooden building such as a general house, the damper body 5 is The H-section steel 52 in which the vertical surface portion and the horizontal surface portion are integrally formed is inexpensive and simple, and has excellent versatility. Here, the other vertical surface portion 522 of the H-section steel 52 constitutes a column member mounting member, and the horizontal plane portion 523 of the H-section steel 52 constitutes a damping material.

ここでの制振装置1は、ダンパー体2または5をダンパー体6に変更したものである。
ダンパー体6は、図8、9に示すように、柱材取付け部材21と、ブレース材取付け部材22と、柱材取付け部材21及びブレース材取付け部材22を連結する摺動部材61と、から構成する。
摺動部材61は、柱材取付け部材21に接合した柱側板材611と、この柱側板材611に重なるように高さ方向に相対摺動可能に設け、ブレース材取付け部材22に接合したブレース側板材612と、柱側板材611及びブレース側板材612の間に介在させた減衰材としての摩擦材613と、を有するほぼ板状である。柱側板材611またはブレース側板材612に、高さ方向に延びるスライド孔615を設けておき、このスライド孔615を通すように、柱側板材611、摩擦材613及びブレース側板材612をボルトナット614で締め付けることにより、柱側板材611とブレース側板材612とを高さ方向に相対摺動可能に構成する。柱材取付け部材21とブレース材取り付け部材22との相対摺動を、摩擦材613の摩擦力で抵抗することより振動を減衰することとなる。すなわち、ダンパー体6は摩擦ダンパーである。
摺動部材61は、柱材取付け部材21及びブレース材取付け部材22に重なるように接合するため、安定性を高めるために、柱材取付け部材21及びブレース材取付け部材22を挟み付けるように一対設けることが好ましい。この場合には、ブレース材取付け部材22を一対のブレース側板材612で挟み、かつ、柱材取付け部材21を一対の柱側板材611で挟んで、ボルトナット62で締め付けることにより設けることができる。また、この場合には、2組の柱側板材611、摩擦材613及びブレース側板材612の締付けを、一組のボルトナット614で行うことができる。
ダンパー体6は、ダンパー体2と同様に、複数の板材を重ね合わせてボルトナットで接合することにより形成される簡易な構成であり、汎用性に優れる。
The vibration damping device 1 here is obtained by changing the damper body 2 or 5 to the damper body 6.
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the damper body 6 includes a column material mounting member 21, a brace material mounting member 22, and a sliding member 61 that connects the column material mounting member 21 and the brace material mounting member 22. To do.
The sliding member 61 is provided with a column side plate member 611 bonded to the column member mounting member 21 and a brace side bonded to the brace member mounting member 22 so as to be able to slide relative to the column side plate member 611 in the height direction. It has a substantially plate shape having a plate material 612 and a friction material 613 as a damping material interposed between the column side plate material 611 and the brace side plate material 612. A slide hole 615 extending in the height direction is provided in the column side plate material 611 or the brace side plate material 612, and the column side plate material 611, the friction material 613, and the brace side plate material 612 are bolt nuts 614 so as to pass through the slide hole 615. The column side plate material 611 and the brace side plate material 612 are configured to be relatively slidable in the height direction. The vibration is attenuated by resisting the relative sliding between the column member mounting member 21 and the brace material mounting member 22 by the frictional force of the friction material 613. That is, the damper body 6 is a friction damper.
A pair of sliding members 61 are provided so as to sandwich the column material mounting member 21 and the brace material mounting member 22 in order to enhance stability because they are joined so as to overlap the column material mounting member 21 and the brace material mounting member 22. It is preferable. In this case, the brace material attaching member 22 can be provided by being sandwiched between the pair of brace side plate members 612, and the column member attaching member 21 is sandwiched between the pair of column side plate members 611 and tightened with the bolt nuts 62. In this case, the two sets of column side plate members 611, the friction material 613, and the brace side plate members 612 can be tightened with a set of bolts and nuts 614.
Like the damper body 2, the damper body 6 has a simple configuration formed by overlapping a plurality of plate members and joining them with bolts and nuts, and is excellent in versatility.

ここで、実施例1、2、3の制振装置1を並行する柱材A、Bに架け渡して構成した試験体(制振構造)をそれぞれ用いて実験を行った。   Here, it experimented using the test body (damping structure) comprised spanning the columnar materials A and B in parallel with the damping device 1 of Example 1,2,3.

<1>強制変形加振実験
まず、試験体の層せん断力f−層間変位uの関係を測定する実験を行った。
試験体は、前述したような、並行する2本の柱材A、Bと、柱材A、Bとそれぞれ接合した、上下の横架材C、Dと、から構成した(図1参照)。
実験には、図10に示すように、動的アクチュエータGと可動台Hとを備えた動的載荷装置Iを用い、試験体を可動台Hに固定載置するとともに、梁材Cの中央部に取り付けた治具JをタイロッドKで反力柱Lと接続した。そして、動的アクチュエータGを作動させて可動台Hを揺らし、試験体に幅方向の動的載荷を加えることにより実験を行った。載荷にあたっては、試験体の層間変形角が順に1/480、1/360、1/240、1/180、1/120、1/240、1/90、1/60、1/120、1/45、1/30radとなるように、かつ、各層間変形角で3回ずつの正負交番繰返しとした。試験体に働く層せん断力fは、タイロッドKに生じる軸力から算出した。試験体の層間変位uは、梁材Cと土台材Dとの試験体幅方向の層間変位とした。
また、比較例として、図11に示すように、柱材A、B間に間柱Sを設けると共に、柱材A、B、梁材C、土台材Dにかけて合板耐力壁Tを設置した試験体を用い、同様の実験を行った。
実施例1、2、3の測定結果を図12(a)、(b)、(c)に、また、比較例の測定結果を図12(d)にそれぞれ示す。
<1> Forced deformation excitation experiment First, an experiment was performed to measure the relationship between the layer shear force f of the specimen and the interlayer displacement u.
The test body was composed of two parallel column members A and B as described above, and upper and lower horizontal members C and D respectively joined to the column members A and B (see FIG. 1).
In the experiment, as shown in FIG. 10, a dynamic loading apparatus I including a dynamic actuator G and a movable base H is used, and the test body is fixedly placed on the movable base H and the central portion of the beam C The jig J attached to was connected to the reaction force column L with a tie rod K. Then, the dynamic actuator G was operated to shake the movable base H, and an experiment was performed by applying a dynamic load in the width direction to the test body. At the time of loading, the interlaminar deformation angles of the test specimens are sequentially 1/480, 1/360, 1/240, 1/180, 1/120, 1/240, 1/90, 1/60, 1/120, 1 / It was set to 45 and 1/30 rad, and the positive and negative alternating cycles were repeated three times at each interlayer deformation angle. The layer shear force f acting on the test body was calculated from the axial force generated on the tie rod K. The interlaminar displacement u of the test body was the interlaminar displacement between the beam material C and the base material D in the test body width direction.
Further, as a comparative example, as shown in FIG. 11, a test body in which a pillar S is provided between pillar materials A and B and a plywood bearing wall T is installed over the pillar materials A and B, the beam material C, and the base material D. A similar experiment was performed.
The measurement results of Examples 1, 2, and 3 are shown in FIGS. 12 (a), (b), and (c), and the measurement results of the comparative example are shown in FIG. 12 (d).

<2>考察
実施例1は、図12(a)に示すように、載荷直後からエネルギー吸収の大きい紡錘型の履歴であることが見てとれる。実施例2は、図12(b)に示すように、載荷直後から層間変形角1/180程度までは扁平型の履歴であるが、それ以降は紡錘型の履歴であることが見てとれる。実施例3は、図12(c)に示すように、載荷直後から層間変形角1/180程度までは扁平型の履歴であるが、それ以降はエネルギー吸収の大きい平行四辺形型の履歴であることが見てとれる。
これに対して、比較例は、図12(d)に示すように、ある程度の紡錘型の履歴でありつつも、エネルギー吸収の小さいストリップ型の履歴であることが見てとれる。
したがって、制振装置1を用いた制振構造は、合板耐力壁Tを設けた従来型の構造と比較して、エネルギー吸収性能に優れることが確認された。
<2> Consideration As shown in FIG. 12A, it can be seen that Example 1 is a spindle-type history with large energy absorption immediately after loading. As shown in FIG. 12B, Example 2 shows a flat history from immediately after loading to an interlayer deformation angle of 1/180, but it can be seen that the history is a spindle type thereafter. In Example 3, as shown in FIG. 12 (c), the history is a flat type from immediately after loading to an interlayer deformation angle of about 1/180, but after that, the history is a parallelogram type with high energy absorption. I can see that.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 12D, it can be seen that the comparative example is a strip-type history with a small energy absorption while having a certain spindle-type history.
Therefore, it was confirmed that the damping structure using the damping device 1 is superior in energy absorption performance as compared with the conventional structure provided with the plywood bearing wall T.

<3>振動台実験
次に、層間変位uの時刻歴を測定する実験を行った。
試験体は、図13に示すように、柱材B及び梁材C、土台材Dをほぼ正方形状に組み付けて構成した枠体を、梁材M及び土台材Nによって奥行き方向に3つ連結することによりほぼ立方体状に形成すると共に、奥行き方向中間部の枠体を構成する柱材B、B間をほぼ三等分するように、梁材C及び土台材Dに柱材A、Aを接合して構成した。そして、剛性補強材4及びダンパー体2または5あるいは6を柱材Aに取り付け、ダンパー体2または5あるいは6に取り付けたブレース材3を、柱材Aの幅方向外側に設けた柱材Bに取り付けた。なお、柱材AとB、梁材CとM、土台材DとNはそれぞれ、ほぼ等しい断面形状を有している。
このような試験体上に天板Oを介して錘Pを固定載置すると共に、試験体を振動台Q上に固定載置し、動的アクチュエータRによって振動台Qを加速度600cm/s2で試験体の幅方向に揺らして(実際の地震の加振波を再現)、試験体上に錘Pに慣性力を加えることにより実験を行った。層間変位uは、梁材Cと土台材Dとの試験体幅方向の層間変位とした。
また、比較例として、図14に示すように、柱材A、B間に間柱Sを設けると共に、柱材A、B、梁材C、土台材Dにかけて合板耐力壁Tを設置した試験体を用い、同様の実験を行った。
実施例1、2、3の測定結果をそれぞれ、図15(a)、(b)、(c)に、比較例の測定結果を図15(d)に示す。なお、図15中の破線は、層間変形角1/120rad(層間変位約23mm)を表す。
<3> Shaking table experiment Next, an experiment for measuring the time history of the interlayer displacement u was performed.
As shown in FIG. 13, the test body is formed by connecting three frame bodies formed by assembling a pillar material B, a beam material C, and a base material D in a substantially square shape in the depth direction by the beam material M and the base material N. As a result, the column members A and A are joined to the beam member C and the base member D so as to divide the column members B and B constituting the frame at the intermediate portion in the depth direction into approximately three equal parts. And configured. The rigid reinforcement 4 and the damper body 2 or 5 or 6 are attached to the pillar material A, and the brace material 3 attached to the damper body 2 or 5 or 6 is attached to the pillar material B provided on the outer side in the width direction of the pillar material A. Attached. The column members A and B, the beam members C and M, and the base materials D and N each have substantially the same cross-sectional shape.
The weight P is fixedly placed on such a test body via the top plate O, the test body is fixedly placed on the vibration table Q, and the vibration table Q is accelerated by the dynamic actuator R at an acceleration of 600 cm / s 2 . The experiment was performed by swinging in the width direction of the specimen (reproducing an actual earthquake excitation wave) and applying an inertial force to the weight P on the specimen. The interlayer displacement u was the interlayer displacement between the beam material C and the base material D in the width direction of the test body.
Further, as a comparative example, as shown in FIG. 14, a test body in which an intermediary column S is provided between column members A and B and a plywood bearing wall T is installed over the column members A and B, the beam material C, and the base material D is provided. A similar experiment was performed.
The measurement results of Examples 1, 2, and 3 are shown in FIGS. 15 (a), (b), and (c), respectively, and the measurement results of the comparative example are shown in FIG. 15 (d). In addition, the broken line in FIG. 15 represents the interlayer deformation angle 1/120 rad (interlayer displacement about 23 mm).

<4>考察
図15に示すように、実施例1、2、3は比較例に比べ、加振直後の最大層間変位が小さく、かつ、層間変位がほぼ23mm内で安定するまでの時間も短い、すなわち振動の減衰が早いことが見てとれる。したがって、制振装置1を用いた制振構造は、合板耐力壁Tを設けた従来型の構造と比較して、高い制振効果が得られると共に、建物の剛性を向上させることができることが確認された。
<4> Consideration As shown in FIG. 15, in Examples 1, 2, and 3, the maximum interlayer displacement immediately after vibration is small and the time until the interlayer displacement is stabilized within about 23 mm is also shorter than in the comparative example. That is, it can be seen that the vibration is quickly attenuated. Therefore, it is confirmed that the vibration damping structure using the vibration damping device 1 can obtain a high vibration damping effect and improve the rigidity of the building as compared with the conventional structure provided with the plywood bearing wall T. It was done.

本発明の制振構造を示す図The figure which shows the damping structure of this invention ダンパー体の側面図Damper body side view ダンパー体の平面図Top view of damper body ブレース材を示す図Illustration showing brace material 制振構造の振動時の状態を示す図The figure which shows the state at the time of vibration of a damping structure 本発明の制振構造に用いられる別のダンパー体を示す図The figure which shows another damper body used for the damping structure of this invention H形鋼を示す図Diagram showing H-section steel 本発明の制振構造に用いられる他のダンパー体の側面図Side view of another damper body used in the vibration damping structure of the present invention 他のダンパー体の平面図Top view of other damper bodies 強制変形加振実験の概略図Schematic diagram of forced deformation excitation experiment 強制変形加振実験に用いられる比較例の制振構造を示す図Diagram showing damping structure of comparative example used for forced deformation excitation experiment 強制変形加振実験による層せん断力−層間変形の測定結果を示す図Figure showing the measurement results of laminar shear force-interlaminar deformation in a forced deformation excitation experiment 振動台実験の概略図Schematic diagram of shaking table experiment 比較例の振動台実験の概略図Schematic of shaking table experiment of comparative example 振動台実験による層間変位の時刻歴の測定結果を示す図Figure showing measurement results of time history of interlayer displacement by shaking table experiment 従来の振動低減手段を示す図The figure which shows the conventional vibration reduction means

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

2、5、6 ダンパー体
3 ブレース材
4 剛性補強材
41 ホールダウンアンカー
33、42 ホールダウン部
A 柱材(一方の柱材:他方の柱材)
B 柱材(他方の柱材:一方の柱材)
2, 5, 6 Damper body 3 Brace material 4 Rigid reinforcement 41 Hole down anchor 33, 42 Hole down part A Column material (one column material: the other column material)
B Column material (the other column material: one column material)

Claims (8)

木造建物の骨組みを構成する、並行する2本の柱材と、
一方の柱材に取り付けたダンパー体と、
一端部をダンパー体に取り付け、他端部を他方の柱材の高さ方向に異なる位置にそれぞれ取り付けた、複数本のブレース材と、を備えたことを特徴とする、
木造建物の制振構造。
Two parallel pillars that make up the framework of the wooden building,
A damper attached to one pillar,
A plurality of brace materials, each having one end attached to a damper body and the other end attached to different positions in the height direction of the other pillar material,
Damping structure of a wooden building.
請求項1に記載の木造建物の制振構造であって、
ブレース材の他端部を、他方の柱材の上端部及び下端部を含む、高さ方向に異なる位置にそれぞれ取り付けたことを特徴とする、
木造建物の制振構造。
A damping structure for a wooden building according to claim 1,
The other end portion of the brace material is attached to each of the different positions in the height direction, including the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the other pillar material,
Damping structure of a wooden building.
請求項1または2に記載の木造建物の制振構造であって、
ダンパー体を、一方の柱材の高さ方向中間部に取り付けたことを特徴とする、
木造建物の制振構造。
A damping structure for a wooden building according to claim 1 or 2,
The damper body is attached to the middle in the height direction of one pillar material,
Damping structure of a wooden building.
請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の木造建物の制振構造であって、
一方の柱材の剛性を高めるために、この柱材に剛性補強材を設けたことを特徴とする、
木造建物の制振構造。
A damping structure for a wooden building according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
In order to increase the rigidity of one pillar material, this pillar material is provided with a rigidity reinforcing material,
Damping structure of a wooden building.
請求項4に記載の木造建物の制振構造であって、
剛性補強材を、一方の柱材におけるダンパー体の取付け位置から下端位置にわたって設けたことを特徴とする、
木造建物の制振構造。
A damping structure for a wooden building according to claim 4,
The rigid reinforcing material is provided from the mounting position of the damper body in one pillar material to the lower end position,
Damping structure of a wooden building.
請求項5に記載の木造建物の制振構造であって、
剛性補強材を、他方の柱材と対向する一方の柱材の側面部に取り付けて設けるとともに、
剛性補強材の下端部に、ホールダウンアンカーが挿入されるホールダウン部を一体的に設けたことを特徴とする、
木造建物の制振構造。
A damping structure for a wooden building according to claim 5,
While providing a stiffener attached to the side part of one pillar facing the other pillar,
A hole down part into which a hole down anchor is inserted is integrally provided at the lower end part of the rigid reinforcing material,
Damping structure of a wooden building.
請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の木造建物の制振構造であって、
複数本のうちの最も下側のブレース材の他端部に、ホールダウンアンカーが挿入されるホールダウン部を一体的に設けたことを特徴とする、
木造建物の制振構造。
A damping structure for a wooden building according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The hole down part into which the hole down anchor is inserted is integrally provided at the other end of the lowermost brace material of the plurality of pieces,
Damping structure of a wooden building.
ダンパー体とブレース材とを用いた木造建物の制振方法であって、
木造建物の骨組みを構成する、並行する2本の柱材のうちの一方の柱材にダンパー体を取り付け、
複数本のブレース材の一端部をそれぞれ、ダンパー体に取り付け、他端部をそれぞれ、他方の柱材の高さ方向に異なる位置に取り付けたことを特徴とする、
木造建物の制振方法。
A vibration control method for a wooden building using a damper body and brace material,
A damper is attached to one of the two parallel pillars that make up the framework of the wooden building,
One end of each of a plurality of brace members is attached to the damper body, and the other end is attached to a different position in the height direction of the other column member,
Vibration control method for wooden buildings.
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