JP2006206711A - Additive for drilling mud and drilling mud - Google Patents
Additive for drilling mud and drilling mud Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウムとグルコン酸ナトリウムを含む掘削泥水用添加剤および該添加剤を使用した掘削泥水に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an additive for drilling mud containing sodium carboxymethylcellulose and sodium gluconate, and a drilling mud using the additive.
地下連続壁工法や地中杭工法などによる土木建築基礎工事においては、杭壁を強固に維持すると共に、掘削を安定的に行い掘削土を系外に排出するために安定液と呼ばれる掘削泥水が使用されている。
このような掘削泥水として、例えば特許文献１には、ベントナイトと置換度が２．５以上のカルボキシメチルセルロース金属塩および水からなる掘削泥水が、また、特許文献２には、ベントナイト、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム、２−メルカプトベンズイミダゾール化合物および水からなる掘削泥水が提案されている。
しかしながら、これらの掘削泥水にコンクリート打設時等に使用されるセメントが混入し、また繰り返し再生使用されて該泥水中のセメント混入量が増加すると、掘削泥水がゲル化し流動性が損なわれると云う問題点があった。
In civil engineering and building foundation work such as the underground continuous wall construction method and underground pile construction method, excavation mud water called stable liquid is used to maintain the pile wall firmly and to stably excavate and discharge the excavated soil out of the system. in use.
As such drilling mud, for example, Patent Document 1 includes a drilling mud composed of bentonite and a carboxymethylcellulose metal salt having a substitution degree of 2.5 or more and water, and Patent Document 2 includes bentonite, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Drilling muds composed of a 2-mercaptobenzimidazole compound and water have been proposed.
However, when the excavating mud is mixed with cement used at the time of placing concrete, and repeatedly reused and the amount of cement admixed in the mud increases, the drilling mud becomes gelled and fluidity is impaired. There was a problem.
掘削泥水中にセメントが混入し、該泥水が繰り返し再生使用され、セメントの混入量が増加してもゲル化せず、長時間に渡って安定的に使用可能とすると共に、環境保護の見地から、廃棄される場合の安全性にも配慮した掘削泥水用添加剤および該添加剤を使用した掘削泥水を提供することを目的とする。 Cement is mixed in the drilling mud, and the mud is reused repeatedly. Even if the amount of cement increases, it does not gel and can be used stably for a long time. An object of the present invention is to provide an additive for drilling mud considering safety in the case of disposal and a drilling mud using the additive.
本発明者等は、上記の課題を解決するために鋭意試験研究を重ねた結果、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウムとグルコン酸ナトリウムを含む掘削泥水用添加剤および該添加剤を使用した掘削泥水が所期の目的を達成し得ることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 As a result of intensive studies and research to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that an additive for drilling mud containing sodium carboxymethylcellulose and sodium gluconate and a drilling mud using the additive are the intended purpose. The present invention has been completed.
本発明の掘削泥水用添加剤を使用した掘削泥水は、粘度安定性、造壁形成性、耐塩性、耐バクテリア性に優れた性能を有すると共に、特に耐セメント性に優れているので、コンクリート打設時等におけるセメント混入時においても泥水の機能が損なわれることなく、長期間に渡って安定的に使用することができる。 The drilling mud using the additive for drilling mud according to the present invention has excellent properties such as viscosity stability, wall-forming property, salt resistance, and bacteria resistance, and is particularly excellent in cement resistance. Even when cement is mixed at the time of installation, the function of muddy water is not impaired, and it can be used stably for a long period of time.
本発明に使用されるカルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム（以下、ＣＭＣ−Ｎａと略記）は、掘削泥水の粘度および脱水量の調整剤として作用する。
ＣＭＣ−Ｎａは、セルロース誘導体の一つとして知られ、繊維素グリコール酸ナトリウムとも呼ばれている。この化合物は、セルロースとカセイソーダ、モノクロル酢酸を反応させ、セルロースの水酸基を部分的にカルボキシメチル基で置換（エーテル化）して得られる水溶性高分子化合物である。
また、純分や前記の置換度（以下、ＤＳと略記）が異なる種々のグレードの工業製品が容易に入手可能であり、食品添加物、医薬品・化粧品原料等の幅広い分野で使用され、人体に無害であり、且つ生分解性を有しているので、環境にやさしく安全性の高い薬品である。
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (hereinafter abbreviated as CMC-Na) used in the present invention acts as a regulator of drilling mud viscosity and dewatering amount.
CMC-Na is known as one of cellulose derivatives and is also called sodium fibrin glycolate. This compound is a water-soluble polymer compound obtained by reacting cellulose with caustic soda and monochloroacetic acid and partially replacing (etherifying) the hydroxyl group of cellulose with a carboxymethyl group.
In addition, various grades of industrial products with different purity and substitution degree (hereinafter abbreviated as DS) are readily available, and are used in a wide range of fields such as food additives, pharmaceutical and cosmetic raw materials, Because it is harmless and biodegradable, it is an environmentally friendly and highly safe chemical.
本発明に使用されるグルコン酸ナトリウムは、掘削泥水にセメントが混入した場合に、掘削泥水のゲル化抑制に効果を発揮する。
グルコン酸ナトリウムは、ブドウ糖を出発原料にして水酸化ナトリウムでｐＨを調整しながら発酵により生産され、酸味料、調味料、乳化剤等の食品添加剤として利用されており、工業製品として入手可能である。
また、ＣＭＣ−Ｎａと同様に、人体に無害であり、且つ生分解性を有しているので、環境にやさしく安全性の高い薬品である。
The sodium gluconate used in the present invention is effective in suppressing the gelation of drilling mud when cement is mixed into the drilling mud.
Sodium gluconate is produced by fermentation using glucose as a starting material while adjusting the pH with sodium hydroxide, and is used as a food additive such as acidulant, seasoning, and emulsifier, and is available as an industrial product. .
Further, like CMC-Na, it is harmless to the human body and biodegradable, so it is an environmentally friendly and highly safe chemical.
本発明の掘削泥水用添加剤は、上記のＣＭＣ−Ｎａとグルコン酸ナトリウムを所定の割合で配合したものである。また、掘削泥水の防腐剤として炭酸ナトリウムを配合することができるが、該泥水にセメントが混入した場合のゲル化抑制に若干の効果も期待できる。
なお、炭酸ナトリウムはソーダ灰とも呼ばれ多くの用途に使用されているが、入浴剤に配合されたり食品添加物としても使用されており、ＣＭＣ−Ｎａおよびグルコン酸ナトリウムと同様に、環境にやさしく安全性の高い薬品である。
The additive for drilling mud of the present invention is a mixture of the above CMC-Na and sodium gluconate in a predetermined ratio. Moreover, although sodium carbonate can be mix | blended as an antiseptic | preservation agent of drilling mud water, a some effect can also be anticipated by the gelatinization suppression when cement mixes in this mud water.
Sodium carbonate is also called soda ash and is used in many applications, but it is also used as a bath additive and as a food additive. Like CMC-Na and sodium gluconate, it is environmentally friendly. It is a highly safe chemical.
本発明の掘削泥水は、ベントナイト、アタパルジャイト、セリナイトなどの水膨潤性の高い粘土を清水に分散、懸濁させた水−粘土懸濁液をベースに、本発明の掘削泥水用添加剤を加えることにより、工事現場の土質に適した泥水性状（比重、粘度、脱水量など）に調整される。 The drilling mud of the present invention is based on a water-clay suspension obtained by dispersing and suspending a highly water-swelling clay such as bentonite, attapulgite, and serinite in fresh water, and adding the additive for drilling mud of the present invention. Therefore, it is adjusted to a muddy water state (specific gravity, viscosity, dewatering amount, etc.) suitable for the soil quality at the construction site.
本発明に使用されるＣＭＣ−ＮａのＤＳは、０．８〜２．０の範囲が好ましく、１．３〜１．７の範囲がより好ましい。ＤＳが０．８より低い場合には、掘削泥水の耐久性が十分なものではなく、またＤＳを２．０より高くしても、セメントが混入した場合の掘削泥水のゲル化抑制効果が向上しない。 The DS of CMC-Na used in the present invention is preferably in the range of 0.8 to 2.0, more preferably in the range of 1.3 to 1.7. When DS is lower than 0.8, the durability of drilling mud is not sufficient, and even if DS is higher than 2.0, the gelation suppression effect of drilling mud when cement is mixed is improved. do not do.
ＣＭＣ−Ｎａとグルコン酸ナトリウムの配合割合は、重量比で９：１〜３：７が好ましい。ＣＭＣ−Ｎａに対するグルコン酸ナトリウムの配合割合が９：１より小さい場合には、掘削泥水中のセメント混入量が２重量％以上になると該泥水のゲル化が発生する。また、ＣＭＣ−Ｎａに対するグルコン酸ナトリウムの配合割合が３：７より大きい場合には、ＣＭＣ−Ｎａの含有量の低下を招くため造壁形成性などＣＭＣ−Ｎａ本来の性能が発揮できなくなる。 The blending ratio of CMC-Na and sodium gluconate is preferably 9: 1 to 3: 7 by weight. When the mixing ratio of sodium gluconate with respect to CMC-Na is smaller than 9: 1, the mud gelation occurs when the amount of cement mixed in the drilling mud becomes 2% by weight or more. Moreover, when the mixture ratio of sodium gluconate with respect to CMC-Na is larger than 3: 7, the content of CMC-Na is reduced, so that the original performance of CMC-Na such as wall-forming property cannot be exhibited.
炭酸ナトリウムを配合する場合は、ＣＭＣ−Ｎａとグルコン酸ナトリウムの配合物中に２〜２０重量％の割合で配合されることが好ましい。
炭酸ナトリウムを２０重量％より多く配合した場合には、炭酸ナトリウムの添加効果の向上が認められないばかりか、却ってＣＭＣ−Ｎａとグルコン酸ナトリウムの含有量の低下を招く。また、２重量％より少ない場合には、炭酸ナトリムの添加効果が認められない。
When blending sodium carbonate, it is preferably blended in a proportion of 2 to 20% by weight in the blend of CMC-Na and sodium gluconate.
When sodium carbonate is added in an amount of more than 20% by weight, the improvement effect of sodium carbonate is not recognized, but the content of CMC-Na and sodium gluconate is decreased instead. When the amount is less than 2% by weight, the effect of adding sodium carbonate is not recognized.
本発明の掘削泥水用添加剤の１％水溶液粘度（Ｂ型粘度計）は、泥水の使用される掘削工事現場の状況により異なるが、通常２５０〜１５００ｃｐｓの範囲に調整される。 The 1% aqueous solution viscosity (B-type viscometer) of the additive for drilling mud according to the present invention is usually adjusted to a range of 250 to 1500 cps, although it varies depending on the situation of the drilling work site where mud is used.
また、本発明の掘削泥水用添加剤は、ＣＭＣ−Ｎａ以外の増粘剤として従来知られているポリアクリル酸ソーダ、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、アルギン酸ソーダまたはその誘導体、ポリアクリルアミドまたはその誘導体、カゼインまたはその誘導体、デンプンまたはその誘導体、グアーガム、ローカストビーンガム、アラビアガム、ザンタンガム等や、従来、掘削泥水用添加剤として使用されているアルミン酸塩、フミン酸塩、リグニンスルホン酸塩、エチレングリコール、防黴剤等を、本発明の効果が損なわれない限りにおいて併用してもよい。 In addition, the additive for drilling mud of the present invention includes sodium polyacrylate, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, sodium alginate or derivatives thereof, polyacrylamide or derivatives thereof, casein or conventionally known as thickeners other than CMC-Na. Derivatives, starch or derivatives thereof, guar gum, locust bean gum, gum arabic, xanthan gum, etc. and aluminate, humate, lignin sulfonate, ethylene glycol, A glaze or the like may be used in combination as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
以下、本発明を実施例によって具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
なお、実施例で使用した主原料は次のとおりである。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
The main raw materials used in the examples are as follows.
［原料］
(1)ＣＭＣ−Ｎａ：四国化成工業社製、ＤＳ１．５３、水分４．９％
(2)グルコン酸ナトリウム：Roquett社製
(3)炭酸ナトリウム：トクヤマ社製
(4)ベントナイト泥水：
蒸留水４５０ｍｌに対して、ベントナイト（ホージュン社製、商品名「赤城」）を１５ｇ添加し、ビーチミキサー（Scovill社、Hamilton Beach Mixer,Model 936-2）で１０分間攪拌後、１６時間静置して調製した。
(5)セメント液
蒸留水５０ｍｌに対して、ポルトランドセメント（トクヤマセメント社製）を５．０ｇ添加して、マグネチックスターラーで３時間攪拌して調製した（以下、これをセメントスラリーＡ液と云う）。
同様にして、前記のポルトランドセメントを各々１０．０ｇと１５．０ｇ使用して、各々セメントスラリーＢ液とセメントスラリーＣ液を調製した。
[material]
(1) CMC-Na: Shikoku Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., DS1.53, moisture 4.9%
(2) Sodium gluconate: Roquett
(3) Sodium carbonate: Tokuyama
(4) Bentonite mud:
To 450 ml of distilled water, 15 g of bentonite (manufactured by Hojun Co., Ltd., trade name “Akagi”) is added, stirred for 10 minutes with a beach mixer (Scovill, Hamilton Beach Mixer, Model 936-2), and then allowed to stand for 16 hours. Prepared.
(5) Cement liquid 5.0 g of Portland cement (manufactured by Tokuyama Cement Co., Ltd.) was added to 50 ml of distilled water and stirred for 3 hours with a magnetic stirrer (hereinafter referred to as cement slurry A liquid). ).
Similarly, a cement slurry B solution and a cement slurry C solution were prepared using 10.0 g and 15.0 g of the Portland cement, respectively.
［評価試験］
(1)泥水のゲル化の有無
泥水のゲル化の有無を、目視にて確認した。ゲル化が起こっていない状態を○、起こりかけている状態を△、起こっている状態を×と、それぞれ判定した。
(2)泥水のファンネル粘度（ＦＶ、単位：秒）
ファンネル粘度計を使用して測定した。逆円錐状の容器から、泥水５００ｍｌが流出する時間で表される。一般に泥水が掘削に適した流動性を有するためには、そのファンネル粘度が２０〜３３秒であればよい。
(3)泥水の脱水量（ＦＬ、単位：ｍｌ）
ＡＰＩ規格（アメリカ石油協会）の加圧濾過試験器を使用して測定した。泥水を３ｋｇ／ｃｍ２、３０分の条件で加圧して濾過された水分量で表される。この脱水量が少ない程、良好な泥水であると判定されるが、実用的には１５ｍｌ以下が好ましい。
(4)泥水の泥壁厚（単位：ｍｍ）
脱水量測定時に、生成するマッドケーキの厚さで表される。この泥水厚が薄い程、良好な泥水であると判定されるが、実用的には１ｍｍ以下であることが好ましい。
[Evaluation test]
(1) Presence or absence of mud gelation The presence or absence of mud gelation was confirmed visually. The state where gelation did not occur was judged as ◯, the state where gelation was about to occur, and the state where it occurred was judged as ×.
(2) Mud funnel viscosity (FV, unit: seconds)
Measured using a funnel viscometer. It is represented by the time when 500 ml of muddy water flows out from the inverted conical container. In general, in order for mud water to have fluidity suitable for excavation, its funnel viscosity may be 20 to 33 seconds.
(3) Muddy water dewatering (FL, unit: ml)
Measured using an API standard (American Petroleum Institute) pressure filtration tester. It is expressed by the amount of water filtered by applying pressure to muddy water at 3 kg / cm 2 for 30 minutes. The smaller the amount of dehydration, the better the muddy water, but practically 15 ml or less is preferable.
(4) Mud wall thickness (unit: mm)
It is represented by the thickness of the mud cake that is produced when the amount of dehydration is measured. The thinner the muddy water is, the better muddy water is determined, but practically it is preferably 1 mm or less.
〔実施例１〕
ＣＭＣ−Ｎａとグルコン酸ナトリウムを、３：１（重量比）の割合で混合して掘削泥水用添加剤を調製した。該添加剤の１％水溶液粘度は、３６７ｃｐｓ（Ｂ型粘度計）であった。
この掘削泥水用添加剤１．５ｇをベントナイト泥水に添加し、ビーチミキサーで５分間攪拌して掘削泥水を調製した（泥水中に含まれる添加剤の濃度：０．３重量％）。
得られた掘削泥水に、各々セメントスラリーＡ〜Ｃ液を添加して、ビーチミキサーで３分間攪拌後、２４時間静置しゲル化の有無を確認した。引き続き、再びビーチミキサーで３分間攪拌して泥水のファンネル粘度、脱水量および泥壁厚を測定した。なお、セメントスラリーＡ〜Ｃ液を添加した泥水中のセメント混入量は、各々約１、２、３重量％である。
得られた評価試験の結果は、表１に示されるとおりであった。
[Example 1]
CMC-Na and sodium gluconate were mixed at a ratio of 3: 1 (weight ratio) to prepare an additive for drilling mud. The 1% aqueous solution viscosity of the additive was 367 cps (B-type viscometer).
This drilling mud additive 1.5 g was added to bentonite mud and stirred for 5 minutes with a beach mixer to prepare drilling mud (concentration of additive contained in mud: 0.3% by weight).
Cement slurries A to C were respectively added to the obtained drilling mud, stirred for 3 minutes with a beach mixer, and allowed to stand for 24 hours to confirm the presence or absence of gelation. Subsequently, the mixture was again stirred for 3 minutes with a beach mixer, and the funnel viscosity, dewatering amount and mud wall thickness of the muddy water were measured. In addition, the cement mixing amount in the muddy water to which the cement slurry A to C solution is added is about 1, 2, and 3% by weight, respectively.
The results of the obtained evaluation test were as shown in Table 1.
〔実施例２〕
実施例１で調製した掘削泥水用添加剤と炭酸ナトリウムを、１７：３（重量比）の割合で混合して掘削泥水用添加剤（炭酸ナトリウムの含有量：１５重量％）を調製した。該添加剤の１％水溶液粘度は３４８ｃｐｓ（Ｂ型粘度計）であった。
実施例１と同様にして、この掘削泥水用添加剤１．５ｇをベントナイト泥水に添加し掘削泥水を調製し（泥水中に含まれる添加剤の濃度：０．３重量％）、セメントスラリーＡ〜Ｃ液を添加して評価試験を行った。なお、泥水中に含まれるセメントの混入量は、実施例１と同様である。
得られた評価試験の結果は、表１に示されるとおりであった。
[Example 2]
The additive for drilling mud prepared in Example 1 and sodium carbonate were mixed at a ratio of 17: 3 (weight ratio) to prepare an additive for drilling mud (content of sodium carbonate: 15% by weight). The 1% aqueous solution viscosity of the additive was 348 cps (B-type viscometer).
In the same manner as in Example 1, 1.5 g of this drilling mud additive was added to bentonite mud to prepare drilling mud (concentration of additive contained in mud: 0.3 wt%), and cement slurry A to C liquid was added and the evaluation test was done. The amount of cement contained in the muddy water is the same as in Example 1.
The results of the obtained evaluation test were as shown in Table 1.
〔比較例１〕
ＣＭＣ−Ｎａと炭酸ナトリウムを、１７：３（重量比）の割合で混合して掘削泥水用添加剤（炭酸ナトリウムの含有量：１５重量％）を調製した。該添加剤の１％水溶液粘度は、３８８ｃｐｓ（Ｂ型粘度計）であった。
実施例１と同様にして、この掘削泥水用添加剤１．５ｇをベントナイト泥水に添加し掘削泥水を調製し（泥水中に含まれる添加剤の濃度：０．３重量％）、セメントスラリーＡ〜Ｃ液を添加して評価試験を行った。なお、泥水中に含まれるセメントの混入量は、実施例１と同様である。
得られた評価試験の結果は、表１に示されるとおりであった。
[Comparative Example 1]
CMC-Na and sodium carbonate were mixed in a ratio of 17: 3 (weight ratio) to prepare an additive for drilling mud (content of sodium carbonate: 15% by weight). The 1% aqueous solution viscosity of the additive was 388 cps (B-type viscometer).
In the same manner as in Example 1, 1.5 g of this drilling mud additive was added to bentonite mud to prepare drilling mud (concentration of additive contained in mud: 0.3% by weight). C liquid was added and the evaluation test was done. The amount of cement contained in the muddy water is the same as in Example 1.
The results of the obtained evaluation test were as shown in Table 1.
得られた試験結果によれば、グルコン酸ナトリウムを添加した実施例１の掘削泥水は、セメント混入量が約３重量％に達しても２４時間静置後にゲル化を起こすことなく、またファンネル粘度、脱水量および泥壁厚も良好な数値を示した。
また、グルコン酸ナトリウムと炭酸ナトリウムを添加した実施例２の掘削泥水も、実施例１と同様に良好であったが、実施例１と実施例２を比較すると、脱水量及び泥壁厚に若干の差異が認められ、実施例２の泥水の方が実施例１の泥水よりもやや優れている。
一方、グルコン酸ナトリウムが添加されていない比較例１の掘削泥水の場合、セメント混入量が増加するに従い、ゲル化が促進し、ファンネル粘度、脱水量、泥壁厚の数値も適正範囲を逸脱し、掘削泥水として使用に耐えない状態となった。
According to the obtained test results, the drilling mud of Example 1 to which sodium gluconate was added did not cause gelation after standing for 24 hours even when the cement mixing amount reached about 3% by weight, and the funnel viscosity. The amount of dehydration and mud wall thickness also showed good values.
Further, the drilling mud of Example 2 to which sodium gluconate and sodium carbonate were added was also good as in Example 1, but when Example 1 and Example 2 were compared, the amount of dewatering and the mud wall thickness were slightly The muddy water of Example 2 is slightly better than the muddy water of Example 1.
On the other hand, in the drilling mud of Comparative Example 1 to which sodium gluconate is not added, as the amount of cement mixed increases, gelation is promoted, and the values of funnel viscosity, dewatering amount, and mud wall thickness also deviate from the appropriate ranges. As a result, it became unusable as drilling mud.
Claims (5)
Drilling mud characterized by using the additive for drilling mud according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| JP2005019509A JP2006206711A (en) | 2005-01-27 | 2005-01-27 | Additive for drilling mud and drilling mud |
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| JP2005019509A JP2006206711A (en) | 2005-01-27 | 2005-01-27 | Additive for drilling mud and drilling mud |
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| JP2006206711A true JP2006206711A (en) | 2006-08-10 |
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| CN101311241A (en) * | 2007-05-24 | 2008-11-26 | 新疆石油管理局钻井工艺研究院 | Glucoheptonate drilling fluid |
| JP2010018709A (en) * | 2008-07-10 | 2010-01-28 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Flow improver for inorganic slurry and flow-improving method |
| CN102604604A (en) * | 2012-02-06 | 2012-07-25 | 北京探矿工程研究所 | Drilling fluid material and preparation and application thereof |
| KR20180124117A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2018-11-20 | 사우디 아라비안 오일 컴퍼니 | Modification of bentonite properties for drilling fluids |
| CN117756461A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-03-26 | 中铁二十四局集团有限公司 | Bored pile dado mud in deep sand layer geological environment |
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| CN117756461A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-03-26 | 中铁二十四局集团有限公司 | Bored pile dado mud in deep sand layer geological environment |
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