JP2006170426A5

JP2006170426A5 -

Info

Publication number: JP2006170426A5
Application number: JP2005015037A
Authority: JP
Filing date: 2005-01-24
Publication date: 2006-11-09

Description

流体遊星歯車変速機。Fluid planetary gear transmission.

本発明は、流体トルクコンバーターと歯車変速機に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a fluid torque converter and a gear transmission.

流体三要素トルコンに数段の歯車変速機群を直列に接続して、油圧で低速から高速まで自動制御する構造の流体歯車多段変速機。
特開昭５３−４１５３号公報特開昭５０−１３５４７０号公報特開昭５８−１９３９６７号公報特表２０００−５１３７９２号公報 A fluid gear multi-stage transmission with a structure in which several gear transmission groups are connected in series to a fluid three-element torque converter and automatically controlled from low speed to high speed by hydraulic pressure.
JP-A-53-4153 JP 50-135470 A JP 58-193967 A Special table 2000-513792 gazette

従来型流体多段歯車変速機は、流体三要素トルコンと減速歯車群が直列接続しているから故障発生時に車停止の欠点があり、流体滑りも多く複雑な制御構造である。ベルト、摺動コマ、電磁気制御の利用等も流体に比べて耐久力が十分でなく信頼度が劣る。 Since the conventional fluid multi-stage gear transmission has a fluid three-element torque converter and a reduction gear group connected in series, it has a drawback of stopping the vehicle when a failure occurs, and has a complicated control structure with many fluid slips. The use of belts, sliding tops, electromagnetic control, etc. is not sufficiently durable and less reliable than fluids.

図１に示すように遊星歯車変速機と直結クラッチを流体三要素トルコンと並列接続した４速対応自動変速機構造において、
(１)低速走行用には流体三要素トルコンステーターについて、２速走行用の遊星歯車変速機を介して遊星歯車と接続、減速回転させる。遊星環状歯車外周には入力軸側に配置した外部固定の一方向クラッチを連結、回転ステーターは１速、２速走行に使用する。
(２)中速走行用には入力ポンプと遊星中心太陽歯車、出力タービンと遊星歯車をそれぞれ並列に接続して、遊星環状歯車外周に一方向クラッチを連結、外側に外部固定の３速走行用直結クラッチを装着している。
(３)高速走行用には出力軸から遊星環状歯車外周と一方向クラッチ間に４速走行用直結クラッチを装着している。
使用頻度が多く負荷が大きい１速２速領域は回転ステーターと遊星歯車により自動変速する。制御し易い３速４速領域は速度制御の直結クラッチを使う。制御方法によっては３速走行用一方向クラッチを省略できる。二組の遊星中心太陽歯車回転方向と遊星歯車中心軸の動く方向は同じで減速回転している。
本発明は流体と遊星歯車を並列に接続使用して効率と安全性を向上させ、回転ステーターの活用から１速２速を自動変速して信頼度を高め、上記課題を解決したものである。 As shown in FIG. 1, in a four-speed automatic transmission structure in which a planetary gear transmission and a direct coupling clutch are connected in parallel with a fluid three-element torque converter,
(1) For low-speed traveling, a fluid three-element torque converter is connected to a planetary gear via a planetary gear transmission for second-speed traveling and rotated at a reduced speed. An outer fixed one-way clutch arranged on the input shaft side is connected to the outer periphery of the planetary annular gear, and the rotating stator is used for first speed and second speed travel.
(2) For medium speed running, the input pump and planetary center sun gear, output turbine and planetary gear are connected in parallel, and a one-way clutch is connected to the outer periphery of the planetary annular gear, and externally fixed for third speed running. A direct clutch is installed.
(3) For high-speed traveling, a direct-coupled clutch for four-speed traveling is mounted between the output shaft and the outer periphery of the planetary annular gear and the one-way clutch.
The first and second speed regions where the usage frequency is high and the load is large are automatically changed by the rotating stator and the planetary gear. A direct-coupled clutch for speed control is used in the 3rd and 4th speed regions that are easy to control. Depending on the control method, the three-speed traveling one-way clutch can be omitted. The two sets of planetary center sun gear rotation directions and the planetary gear central axis movement directions are the same and are rotating at a reduced speed.
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by improving the efficiency and safety by connecting a fluid and a planetary gear in parallel and improving the reliability by automatically shifting the first and second gears by utilizing a rotating stator.

以上のように請求項１記載の発明によれば、低速用の１速２速走行は遊星歯車トルクと流体三要素トルクの並列加算走行、中高速用の３速４速走行は高速流体が並列補助しながら流体滑りの無い歯車直結走行する。
従来型流体三要素トルコンの低速初動トルクは高いがそれ以上の速度ではトルク増加が少なく実用に向かない。理由は三要素の相対運動中、反射板に相当するステーターが初動こそ流体反射で高トルクだが回転数増加と共に後方に置き去りにされ反射板の役目をしなくなる。回転ステーターはこの問題を解決、高速反射板による流体反射は初動から中速領域まで作動し高いトルクを保つ。即ち入力軸側は回転ステーターを活用した遊星歯車で１速２速走行用に、出力軸側は遊星歯車と直結クラッチで３速４速走行を受け持ち、４速対応の自動変速ができる。流体と遊星歯車の並列接続は直列に比べて出力伝達効率が高く、直結クラッチや中速用遊星歯車が故障しても流体三要素トルコンとして走行可能、高速流体は円滑な変速動作と二重安全走行に役立てられ、負荷の小さい３速４速制御だから信頼度が高い。 As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the first-speed and second-speed running for low speed is the parallel addition running of the planetary gear torque and the fluid three-element torque, and the high-speed fluid is parallel for the third-speed and fourth-speed running for medium and high speed. Travels directly with gears without fluid slip while assisting.
The low-speed initial torque of the conventional fluid three-element torque converter is high, but at higher speeds, the torque increases little and is not suitable for practical use. The reason is that during the relative movement of the three elements, the initial motion of the stator corresponding to the reflector is high torque due to fluid reflection, but it is left behind as the number of rotations increases, and it does not function as a reflector. The rotating stator solves this problem, and the fluid reflection by the high-speed reflector operates from the initial motion to the medium speed region and maintains a high torque. That is, the input shaft side is a planetary gear utilizing a rotating stator for 1st speed 2nd speed travel, and the output shaft side is 3rd speed 4th speed travel with a planetary gear and a direct coupling clutch. Parallel connection of fluid and planetary gear has higher output transmission efficiency than series, and even if the direct clutch or medium speed planetary gear breaks down, it can run as a fluid three-element torque converter. High-speed fluid has smooth shifting operation and double safety Reliability is high because it is useful for running and is a 3rd speed 4th speed control with a small load.

図１に示すように入力軸側２速用遊星歯車変速機の歯車減速比を2.5対１、出力軸側３速用遊星歯車減速比を2.2対１にすると、回転ステーター効果から静止型に比べ１速トルク比は3.5以上、２速トルク比は2.5以上、３速トルク比は歯車比から2.2、４速トルク比は直結で１となる。流体三要素構造は１速２速優先の効率形状に設計する。
また直結クラッチを遠心式にすると無制御の自動変速機になる。 As shown in Fig. 1, if the gear reduction ratio of the input shaft side 2nd speed planetary gear transmission is set to 2.5: 1 and the output shaft side 3rd speed planetary gear reduction ratio is set to 2.2: 1, the rotating stator effect is effective compared to the stationary type. The first speed torque ratio is 3.5 or more, the second speed torque ratio is 2.5 or more, the third speed torque ratio is 2.2 from the gear ratio, and the fourth speed torque ratio is 1 by direct connection. The fluid three-element structure is designed to have an efficient shape with priority on 1st speed and 2nd speed.
If the direct clutch is centrifugal, an uncontrolled automatic transmission is obtained.

各種内燃機関変速機の用途にも適用できる。 The present invention can also be applied to various internal combustion engine transmissions.

動作原理図を示す。The principle of operation is shown.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１入力軸
２出力軸
３入力ポンプ
４出力タービン
５２速走行用環状歯車外周の一方向クラッチ
６３速走行用環状歯車外周の一方向クラッチ
７３速走行用遊星歯車
８３速走行用外部直結クラッチ
９３速走行用遊星外周環状歯車
１０３速走行用遊星中心太陽歯車
１１４速走行用直結クラッチ
１２２速走行用遊星中心太陽歯車
１３２速走行用遊星歯車
１４２速走行用遊星外周環状歯車
１５流体三要素トルコンステーター

1 Input shaft
2 Output shaft
3 Input pump
4 Output turbine
5 One-way clutch around the outer periphery of the annular gear
6 One-way clutch on the outer circumference of the annular gear
7 Planetary gears for 3rd speed
8 External direct coupling clutch for 3 speed driving
9 Planetary outer ring gear for 3 speed running
10 3rd speed planetary center sun gear
11 Four-speed traveling direct clutch
12 Planetary center sun gear for 2-speed travel
13 Planetary gears for 2-speed traveling
14 Planetary outer ring gear for 2-speed running
15 Fluid three-element torque converter

Claims

遊星歯車変速機と直結クラッチを流体三要素トルコンと並列接続した４速対応自動変速機構造において、
(１)低速走行用には流体三要素トルコンステーターについて、２速走行用の遊星歯車変速機を介して遊星歯車と接続、減速回転させる。遊星環状歯車外周には入力軸側に配置した外部固定の一方向クラッチを連結、回転ステーターは１速、２速走行に使用する。
(２)中速走行用には入力ポンプと遊星中心太陽歯車、出力タービンと遊星歯車をそれぞれ並列に接続して、遊星環状歯車外周に一方向クラッチを連結、外側に外部固定の３速走行用直結クラッチを装着している。
(３)高速走行用には出力軸から遊星環状歯車外周と一方向クラッチ間に４速走行用直結クラッチを装着している。
以上の構成を特徴とする流体遊星歯車変速機。 In a four-speed automatic transmission structure in which a planetary gear transmission and a direct coupling clutch are connected in parallel with a fluid three-element torque converter,
(1) For low-speed traveling, a fluid three-element torque converter is connected to a planetary gear via a planetary gear transmission for second-speed traveling and rotated at a reduced speed. An outer fixed one-way clutch arranged on the input shaft side is connected to the outer periphery of the planetary annular gear, and the rotating stator is used for first speed and second speed travel.
(2) For medium speed running, the input pump and planetary center sun gear, output turbine and planetary gear are connected in parallel, and a one-way clutch is connected to the outer periphery of the planetary annular gear, and externally fixed for third speed running. A direct clutch is installed.
(3) For high-speed traveling, a direct-coupled clutch for four-speed traveling is mounted between the output shaft and the outer periphery of the planetary annular gear and the one-way clutch.
A fluid planetary gear transmission characterized by the above configuration.