JP2006167913A - Cutting method using boring cutter - Google Patents

Cutting method using boring cutter Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2006167913A
JP2006167913A JP2006069247A JP2006069247A JP2006167913A JP 2006167913 A JP2006167913 A JP 2006167913A JP 2006069247 A JP2006069247 A JP 2006069247A JP 2006069247 A JP2006069247 A JP 2006069247A JP 2006167913 A JP2006167913 A JP 2006167913A
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Prior art keywords
cutting
cutting edge
boring cutter
tool holder
contouring
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Masanori Mizutani
正則 水谷
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Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp
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Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp
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Priority to JP2006069247A priority Critical patent/JP2006167913A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
    • B23C3/02—Milling surfaces of revolution
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
    • B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • B23C5/22—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • B23C5/2265—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts by means of a wedge
    • B23C5/2269—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts by means of a wedge for plate-like cutting inserts 
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
    • B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • B23C5/22—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • B23C5/24—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts adjustable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
    • B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • B23C5/22—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • B23C5/24—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts adjustable
    • B23C5/2472—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts adjustable the adjusting means being screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2220/00—Details of milling processes
    • B23C2220/52—Orbital drilling, i.e. use of a milling cutter moved in a spiral path to produce a hole

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide highly accurate roundness and to shorten machining time by contriving the arrangement of cutting edge tips and equalizing cutting resistance in cutting for helically feeding a boring cutter, while performing a contouring cutting by using the boring cutter. <P>SOLUTION: In this cutting method, the cutting is performed by inserting the cutting edge tip 3 into a blade groove 2 of a cutting head 1 arranged on an outer periphery at a distal end of a tool holder, fixing the cutting edge tip 3 to the cutting head 1 by a presser metal fitting 4, providing a plurality of the cutting edge tips 3, using the boring cutter in which fixed phases of the cutting edge tips 3 are successively and uniformly shifted in the axial direction, and helically feeding the boring cutter along an inner wall surface of a material to be cut, while performing the contouring cutting. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、スローアウェイ式のボーリングカッタをコンタリング（円弧）切削しながらヘリカル（螺旋状）に送って穴加工する切削方法、特に、切刃チップの配置が改良されたボーリングカッタを用いて切削仕上げ精度の向上と切削時間の短縮を図った切削方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a cutting method in which a throwaway boring cutter is sent to a helix (spiral) while contouring (arc) cutting, and in particular, cutting is performed using a boring cutter with an improved arrangement of cutting edge tips. The present invention relates to a cutting method for improving finishing accuracy and shortening a cutting time.

従来、この種の加工を行うボーリングカッタとしては、工具ホルダーの先端端面に内側から外側に向けて複数の切刃チップを配設して、その回転軌跡が内外の切刃チップと相互にオーバーラップしつつ、軸方向に少しずつ食い付き位置をずらして所定の穴径を切削するものが周知である。しかしこの形態では、工具ホルダーの最外周に位置する切刃チップのみが常に穴の内周面と接触しているため、工具ホルダーの軸線と直交する方向に反力が作用する。このため、工具ホルダーが振動し、切刃チップの欠けや、穴の精度不良が多発するという問題があった。   Conventionally, as a boring cutter for performing this type of processing, a plurality of cutting edge tips are arranged on the tip end face of the tool holder from the inside to the outside, and the rotation trajectory overlaps with the inside and outside cutting edge chips. However, it is well known that a predetermined hole diameter is cut by shifting the biting position little by little in the axial direction. However, in this embodiment, since only the cutting edge tip located on the outermost periphery of the tool holder is always in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the hole, a reaction force acts in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the tool holder. For this reason, there has been a problem that the tool holder vibrates, frequently causing chipping of the cutting edge tip and poor hole accuracy.

この問題を解消するため、下記特許文献１によって、図７及び図８に示すように、切刃チップの固定位置を軸方向に積極的にずらした技術が提案されている。図７の構成によれば、外周側に位置する切刃チップ１０９を、それに隣接する切刃チップ１０８より軸線後方に配置しているので、穴明け開始時に必要な食い込み推力が軸線先方に配置された切刃チップ１０８による食い込み時と軸線後方に配置された切刃チップ１０９による食い込み時とに分散される。また、外周側に位置する切刃チップ１１１を切刃チップ１０９とほぼ点対称に配置しているので、工具ホルダー１０５の軸線と直交する方向に作用する力が相殺されると説明している。切刃チップの配置を正面から見た図８を参照すれば、上述の作用の説明が容易に理解できる。
特開昭６２−１０２９０９号公報 In order to solve this problem, the following Patent Document 1 proposes a technique in which the fixed position of the cutting edge tip is positively shifted in the axial direction as shown in FIGS. According to the configuration of FIG. 7, the cutting edge tip 109 positioned on the outer peripheral side is arranged behind the cutting edge chip 108 adjacent to the axial line, so that the biting thrust required at the start of drilling is arranged at the tip of the axial line. It is distributed when biting by the cutting edge tip 108 and when biting by the cutting edge tip 109 arranged behind the axis. Further, it is described that the force acting in the direction orthogonal to the axis of the tool holder 105 is canceled because the cutting edge tip 111 positioned on the outer peripheral side is arranged substantially point-symmetrically with the cutting edge tip 109. The description of the above-described operation can be easily understood with reference to FIG.
JP 62-102909 A

従来のボーリングカッタの切削穴径は、切刃チップの調整代が数ミリ程度であるため、この調整範囲を越える場合は加工内径に応じたボーリングクイルを準備する必要があった
。この問題は、近年、ＣＮＣ（コンピュータ数値制御）を搭載したマシニングセンターにおけるコンタリング加工が可能になるに従い、単独の工具ホルダーで加工できる寸法範囲は広がった。 Since the cutting hole diameter of the conventional boring cutter has an adjustment margin of the cutting edge tip of about several millimeters, it has been necessary to prepare a boring quill corresponding to the machining inner diameter when exceeding the adjustment range. In recent years, the size range that can be machined by a single tool holder has expanded as the contouring process in a machining center equipped with CNC (computer numerical control) has become possible.

しかし、ヘリカル送りを行って加工時間を短縮しようとすると、切削ヘッドに固定する切刃チップの配置によっては刃先形状が、工具ホルダーのコンタリング中に公転するヘリカル送りピッチのツールマーク（切削痕）として仕上げ面に転写される。この現象は、カッタ回転速度を上げたり、切刃チップの数を増やして切刃チップ当たりの負荷を軽減しても解決しない。本発明では、切削抵抗を均等化して高精度な真円度の得られるボーリングカッタによる切削方法を提供する。   However, when trying to shorten the machining time by performing helical feed, depending on the arrangement of the cutting edge tip fixed to the cutting head, the tool mark (cutting trace) of the helical feed pitch that revolves during tool holder contouring. Is transferred to the finished surface. This phenomenon cannot be solved even if the cutter rotational speed is increased or the number of cutting edge tips is increased to reduce the load per cutting edge tip. In the present invention, there is provided a cutting method using a boring cutter that can equalize cutting resistance and obtain high accuracy roundness.

本発明においては、工具ホルダーの先端外周に配設する切削ヘッドの刃溝に、切刃チップを押え金又は取付けボルトにて着脱自在に固定し、その切刃チップを複数設け、その複数の切刃チップの固定位相を軸方向に順次均等にずらしたボーリングカッタを用い、
そのボーリングカッタをコンタリング切削を行いながら被削材の内壁面に沿ってヘリカル状に送って加工を行う。また、このときの工具ホルダーの公転１回転内に進むヘリカル送りピッチを前記複数の切刃チップの軸方向のずれ量の総和に相当するものにして加工を行う。 In the present invention, a cutting edge tip is detachably fixed to the cutting groove of the cutting head disposed on the outer periphery of the tip of the tool holder by a presser foot or a mounting bolt, and a plurality of cutting edge tips are provided. Using a boring cutter in which the stationary phase of the blade tip is shifted evenly in the axial direction,
The boring cutter is processed by sending it in a helical shape along the inner wall surface of the work material while performing contouring cutting. Further, the processing is performed with the helical feed pitch proceeding within one revolution of the tool holder at this time corresponding to the sum of the deviation amounts in the axial direction of the plurality of cutting edge tips.

本発明の切削方法は、切刃チップの固定位相を軸方向に順次ずらしたボーリングカッタを使用し、そのカッタをコンタリング切削を行いながらヘリカル状に送って加工を行うので、切削抵抗が各切刃チップに分担されると共に、被削材の加工された内壁面は円滑な面粗度となる。固定位相を工具ホルダーの軸方向にずらした切刃チップを、その切刃チップの数で等分される位置に固定したボーリングカッタを用い、ヘリカル送りピッチを前記複数の切刃チップの軸方向のずれ量の総和に相当するものにして加工を行えば、切削抵抗は均等化され、仕上げ面粗度の円滑な高精度な真円度が得られる。また、この方法では、公転１回転内に進むヘリカル送りの送りピッチｆｚが大きく取れるから加工時間の短縮が可能になると共に、単独のボーリングカッタで広範囲の穴寸法の加工ができる。   The cutting method of the present invention uses a boring cutter in which the fixed phase of the cutting edge tip is sequentially shifted in the axial direction, and the cutter is sent in a helical shape while performing contouring cutting. While being shared by the blade tips, the processed inner wall surface of the work material has a smooth surface roughness. Using a boring cutter in which the cutting edge with the fixed phase shifted in the axial direction of the tool holder is fixed at a position equally divided by the number of cutting edge chips, the helical feed pitch is set in the axial direction of the plurality of cutting edge chips. If the machining is performed corresponding to the sum of the deviation amounts, the cutting resistance is equalized, and a highly accurate roundness with a smooth finish surface roughness can be obtained. Further, in this method, since the feed pitch fz of the helical feed proceeding within one revolution can be increased, the machining time can be shortened and a wide range of hole dimensions can be machined with a single boring cutter.

以下に、本発明を具体化した好適の実施例を、図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。図１乃至図３は、本発明の切削方法で用いるボーリングカッタの切削ヘッド１の正面図と工具ホルダー１００を側面から見た断面図である。   Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 are a front view of a cutting head 1 of a boring cutter used in the cutting method of the present invention and a sectional view of the tool holder 100 as viewed from the side.

まず、図１において、切削ヘッド１の外周側のＡ〜Ｅの５個所の刃溝２に、切刃チップ３がそれぞれ押え金４を介して取付けボルト５にて切削ヘッド１に固定されている。６は
、切刃チップ３の切削径を調節する刃先調整ネジであり、７は、切り屑ポケットである。一方、図２は、各切刃チップ３の固定位相が、工具ホルダー１００の軸方向Ｚに、順次Ａ〜Ｅの如くずらして固定されていることを示すものである。Ａの個所に取付けられた切刃チップ３を起点として切削ヘッド１が公転１回転した終点の切刃チップ３のＥまでのＺ方向のずれ総幅（ずれ量の総和）は、工具ホルダー１００の公転１回転内に進むヘリカル送りピッチｆｚに相当する。各々の個所Ａ〜Ｅに取付けられた切刃チップ３の切削径は、同一に調整されている。 First, in FIG. 1, the cutting edge tips 3 are fixed to the cutting head 1 with the attachment bolts 5 through the pressers 4 in the five groove grooves A to E on the outer peripheral side of the cutting head 1. . 6 is a blade edge adjusting screw for adjusting the cutting diameter of the cutting edge tip 3, and 7 is a chip pocket. On the other hand, FIG. 2 shows that the fixed phase of each cutting edge tip 3 is shifted and fixed sequentially in the axial direction Z of the tool holder 100 as A to E. FIG. The total deviation in the Z direction (total deviation) of the tool holder 100 from the cutting edge tip 3 attached to the position A to the E of the cutting edge tip 3 at the end of one revolution of the cutting head 1 is calculated. This corresponds to a helical feed pitch fz that travels within one revolution. The cutting diameters of the cutting edge tips 3 attached to the respective portions A to E are adjusted to be the same.

図３は、他の実施例である切刃チップ３が単に取付けボルト５にて固定されている切削ヘッド１の正面図である。切刃チップ３の固定位相が、工具ホルダー１００の軸方向Ｚに、ヘリカル送り量に相当するｆｚの間にＡ〜Ｄが均等に配置されているところは、図２と同様である。工具ホルダー１００は、マシニングセンター等の加工機側の取付け軸に嵌合する固定穴１００ａにガイドされながら、ボス面１００ｂを突当てゝネジ止めされる。   FIG. 3 is a front view of the cutting head 1 in which a cutting edge tip 3 according to another embodiment is simply fixed by a mounting bolt 5. As shown in FIG. 2, the fixed phases of the cutting edge tips 3 are equally arranged between fz corresponding to the helical feed amount in the axial direction Z of the tool holder 100. The tool holder 100 is abutted and screwed against the boss surface 100b while being guided by a fixing hole 100a fitted to a mounting shaft on the processing machine side such as a machining center.

図４は、以上のように構成したボーリングカッタで穴加工した場合、１個（例えばＡ）
の切刃チップ３が、工具ホルダー１００のコンタリング中に公転するヘリカル送りピッチとして如何なる軌跡を、被削材８の内壁面９に転写するかを説明したものである。２点鎖線で示す軌跡１０が、ヘリカル送りピッチの軌跡であり、工具ホルダー１００の公転１回転内に進むピッチはｆｚに相当する。 FIG. 4 shows one piece (for example, A) when drilling with the boring cutter configured as described above.
This is to explain what trajectory is transferred to the inner wall surface 9 of the work material 8 as the helical feed pitch of the cutting blade tip 3 revolving during the contouring of the tool holder 100. A trajectory 10 indicated by a two-dot chain line is a trajectory of the helical feed pitch, and a pitch that proceeds within one revolution of the tool holder 100 corresponds to fz.

図５に、切削ヘッドに１個（例えばＡ）の切刃チップ３または同一位相にＡ〜Ｅの全ての切刃チップ３が固定されていた場合の内壁面９の仕上げ面を拡大して示す。内壁面９は、ヘリカル送りピッチｆｚの間隔で切削痕を残すことになる。これを避けるためには、ヘリカル送りの量を小さくすればよいが、切削能率は低下する。   FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view of the finished surface of the inner wall surface 9 when one (for example, A) cutting edge tip 3 or all the cutting edge tips A to E are fixed to the same phase on the cutting head. . The inner wall surface 9 leaves cutting marks at intervals of the helical feed pitch fz. In order to avoid this, the amount of helical feed may be reduced, but the cutting efficiency is reduced.

ところが、本発明のように切刃チップ３の固定位置を、ヘリカル送りピッチｆｚの寸法に対し切刃チップ３の数で等分した位相にてずらしておけば、切削抵抗は各切刃チップ３に分担されると共に、内壁面９の仕上げ面は図６に拡大して示すように極めて円滑な面粗度となる上、加工時間の短縮が図れる。   However, if the fixed position of the cutting edge tip 3 is shifted in the phase equally divided by the number of cutting edge tips 3 with respect to the dimension of the helical feed pitch fz as in the present invention, the cutting resistance will be reduced to each cutting edge tip 3. In addition, the finished surface of the inner wall surface 9 has an extremely smooth surface roughness as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 6, and the processing time can be shortened.

本発明の切削方法に採用するボーリングカッタの一例の正面図Front view of an example of a boring cutter employed in the cutting method of the present invention 図１のボーリングカッタの側面から見た断面図Sectional view seen from the side of the boring cutter in FIG. 本発明の切削方法に採用するボーリングカッタの他の実施例の正面図Front view of another embodiment of a boring cutter employed in the cutting method of the present invention コンタリング切削時の穴内壁のツール軌跡の説明図Explanatory drawing of tool trajectory on hole inner wall during contouring cutting 従来法でのコンタリング切削時の穴内壁の切削痕の拡大図Enlarged view of the cut mark on the inner wall of the hole during contouring cutting by the conventional method この発明の方法でのコンタリング切削時の穴内壁の切削痕の拡大図Enlarged view of the cutting trace on the inner wall of the hole during contouring cutting by the method of the present invention 従来のボーリングカッタの側面図Side view of conventional boring cutter 図７のボーリングカッタの正面図Front view of the boring cutter of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 切削ヘッド
２ 刃溝
３ 切刃チップ
４ 押え金
５ 取付けボルト
６ 刃先調整ネジ
７ 切り屑ポケット
８ 被削材
９ 内壁面
１０ 軌跡
１００ 工具ホルダー
１００ａ 固定穴
１００ｂ ボス面 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cutting head 2 Flute 3 Cutting edge tip 4 Presser foot 5 Fixing bolt 6 Cutting edge adjustment screw 7 Chip pocket 8 Work material 9 Inner wall surface 10 Trajectory 100 Tool holder 100a Fixing hole 100b Boss surface

Claims (2)

工具ホルダーの先端外周に配設する切削ヘッドの刃溝に、切刃チップを押え金又は取付けボルトにて着脱自在に固定し、その切刃チップを複数設け、その複数の切刃チップの固定位相を軸方向に順次均等にずらしたボーリングカッタを用い、
そのボーリングカッタをコンタリング切削を行いながら被削材の内壁面に沿ってヘリカル状に送って加工を行うことを特徴とするボーリングカッタを用いた切削方法。 A cutting edge tip is detachably fixed to the cutting groove of the cutting head arranged on the outer periphery of the tool holder with a presser foot or a mounting bolt, and a plurality of the cutting edge tips are provided. Using a boring cutter that is shifted evenly in the axial direction,
A cutting method using a boring cutter, characterized in that the boring cutter is processed by being helically sent along the inner wall surface of the work material while performing the contouring cutting. 前記ヘリカル送りのピッチを、前記複数の切刃チップの軸方向のずれ量の総和に相当するものとして加工を行う請求項１に記載のボーリングカッタを用いた切削方法。   The cutting method using the boring cutter according to claim 1, wherein the processing is performed with the helical feed pitch corresponding to a sum of deviation amounts in the axial direction of the plurality of cutting edge tips.
JP2006069247A 2006-03-14 2006-03-14 Cutting method using boring cutter Pending JP2006167913A (en)

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JP2006069247A JP2006167913A (en) 2006-03-14 2006-03-14 Cutting method using boring cutter

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JP32183697A Division JPH11156616A (en) 1997-11-25 1997-11-25 Boring cutter

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109702488A (en) * 2019-01-17 2019-05-03 哈尔滨工业大学 The machining process of the elongated Thin-walled Aluminum matrix composite pipes of uniform wall thickness

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109702488A (en) * 2019-01-17 2019-05-03 哈尔滨工业大学 The machining process of the elongated Thin-walled Aluminum matrix composite pipes of uniform wall thickness
CN109702488B (en) * 2019-01-17 2020-06-23 哈尔滨工业大学 Machining method of slender thin-wall aluminum-based composite pipe with uniform wall thickness

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