JP2006150157A - Treatment apparatus and treatment method for volatile organic compound - Google Patents

Treatment apparatus and treatment method for volatile organic compound Download PDF

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JP2006150157A
JP2006150157A JP2004339926A JP2004339926A JP2006150157A JP 2006150157 A JP2006150157 A JP 2006150157A JP 2004339926 A JP2004339926 A JP 2004339926A JP 2004339926 A JP2004339926 A JP 2004339926A JP 2006150157 A JP2006150157 A JP 2006150157A
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soil
volatile organic
organic compound
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Taiichiro Sasae
鯛一郎 笹江
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Material Control Inc
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an application method for treating soil contaminated with a volatile organic compound (VOCs) existing at 0.5-10 m and several meters under a ground surface at an original position without scavenging and accumulating it on the ground part. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of guide pipes 4 are arranged, in a lattice-like shape, along an outer periphery 2 and the inside 3 of the ground surface 11 at the original position of a diffusion area 1 diffused with VOCs and a decomposition auxiliary agent is previously poured/permeated from the guide pipes. A plurality of temperature sensors 5 are arranged between the guide pipes and the temperature of the soil is detected. An antenna 70 connected to a micro-wave generation device 6 for heating the soil is inserted into the guide pipe and a microwave is radiated from the antenna 70 to heat the soil. It is retained to a constant temperature (80-100°C at the lowest temperature) to promote decomposition and evaporation of VOCs. The ground surface is covered from an outer edge part 20 by a gas non-permeable sheet 8 for filling-in the generated gas and the gas flowing-in through a connection pipe 90 is adsorbed to an adsorption tank 9 and detoxify it. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、揮発性有機化合物の処理装置及び処理方法に関わり、特に、原位置で有害な揮発性有機化合物(以下、VOCs)を分解・揮発させ、これらのガスを地上部で吸着除去し、汚染土壌を修復する揮発性有機化合物の処理装置及び処理方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a processing apparatus and a processing method for volatile organic compounds, in particular, decomposes and volatilizes harmful volatile organic compounds (hereinafter referred to as VOCs) in situ, and adsorbs and removes these gases on the ground. The present invention relates to a processing apparatus and a processing method for volatile organic compounds that repair contaminated soil.

塗装工場、クリーニング工場、印刷工場等、有害なVOCsを使用した施設の跡地の土壌はVOCsで汚染されている。このような跡地を再利用する際、人体への健康被害を防ぐため、汚染土壌に対して、不溶化、封じ込め、浄化等から選択して適切な措置が講じられている。   The soil at the site of facilities that use harmful VOCs such as painting factories, cleaning factories, and printing factories is contaminated with VOCs. When reusing such sites, appropriate measures have been taken to select contaminated soil from insolubilization, containment, purification, etc., in order to prevent damage to human health.

VOCsで汚染された土壌を浄化する場合、汚染除去(汚染土壌修復工事)が行われるが、VOCsを加熱により分解・揮発させる方法の一つとして、従来、汚染地盤中から対象土壌を掘削して地上に広げ、生石灰を主原料とする薬剤と加水混練して、この反応熱を利用してVOCsの分解・揮発を促進させ、この分解された物質、又は分解途中にある揮発物質を収集し、最終的に二酸化炭素、塩化水素ガス等に分解して活性炭等に吸着させた後、大気中に放出させている。   When purifying soil contaminated with VOCs, decontamination (contaminated soil remediation work) is performed. As one method of decomposing and volatilizing VOCs by heating, the target soil has been excavated from the contaminated ground. Spread on the ground, hydro-knead with a chemical mainly made from quicklime, promote the decomposition and volatilization of VOCs using this reaction heat, collect this decomposed substance, or volatile substances in the middle of decomposition, Finally, it is decomposed into carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride gas, etc., adsorbed on activated carbon, etc., and then released into the atmosphere.

同様に、汚染された土壌を掘削して地上処理する方法として、検出装置を用いて含有汚染物質を判別し、移送コンベア上の汚染土壌を重金属土壌処理装置、VOC土壌処理装置または複合汚染土壌処理装置に移送する浄化装置が提案されている(例えば、特許文献1、2参照)。   Similarly, as a method of excavating contaminated soil and treating it on the ground, the contained contaminants are discriminated using a detection device, and the contaminated soil on the transfer conveyor is treated with a heavy metal soil treatment device, a VOC soil treatment device, or a complex contaminated soil treatment. A purification device for transferring to a device has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

また、VOCsを吸着除去するための、カルボン酸類及びその誘導体、アルデヒド類及びその誘導体、並びに熱分解性高分子雪化合物よりなる群から選ばれた1種又は2種以上の有機化合物を原料シリカゲルに所定量添加し、熱処理したVOC-PAS用吸着剤が提案されている(例えば、特許文献3参照)。   In addition, one or more organic compounds selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids and derivatives thereof, aldehydes and derivatives thereof, and thermally decomposable polymer snow compounds for adsorbing and removing VOCs are used as raw material silica gel. An adsorbent for VOC-PAS that has been added in a predetermined amount and heat-treated has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

土壌中の有害物質を、オゾンもしくはオゾンと酸素と酸化剤とを含有する気体を注入井戸から土壌中に供給し、供給気体とともに有害物質を抽出井戸から回収する土壌有害物質の除去方法が提案されている(例えば、特許文献4参照)。   Hazardous substances in soil were proposed by removing ozone or a gas containing ozone, oxygen and oxidant from the injection well into the soil, and collecting the harmful substances together with the supply gas from the extraction well. (For example, see Patent Document 4).

あるいは、VOCで汚染された土壌に水とアルカリ粉体を攪拌混合して、土壌中のVOCを気化させる処理装置で、VOCの気化時に発生する原ガスを捕集する手段と、捕集された原ガスを通すことによってVOCとともにガス中の煤塵を除去するフィルタとを備えた汚染土壌中のVOC処理装置が提案されている(例えば、特許文献5参照)。   Alternatively, water and alkali powder are stirred and mixed in the soil contaminated with VOC to vaporize VOC in the soil, and the means for collecting the raw gas generated when VOC is vaporized is collected. There has been proposed a VOC treatment device in contaminated soil that includes a filter that removes soot and dust in the gas together with the VOC by passing the raw gas (see, for example, Patent Document 5).

特開2003−103244号公報JP 2003-103244 A 特開2004−105870号公報JP 2004-105870 A 特開平11−99331号公報JP 11-99331 A 特開2001−9059号公報JP 2001-9059 A 特開2004−261744号公報JP 2004-261744 A

ところで、汚染土壌が地盤中3〜4メートル深度に存在する場合は掘削〜加水〜混練が比較的容易であるが、これより深くから10数メートルに存在する汚染土壌の修復では、掘削あるいは井戸接地等の処理工法において特殊機械が必要となり、工費も大幅に高くなるという難点がある。   By the way, when the contaminated soil is present at a depth of 3 to 4 meters in the ground, excavation, hydration and kneading are relatively easy. In the processing method such as the above, a special machine is required, and the construction cost is greatly increased.

また、薬剤と汚染土壌との機械的な加水混練は、混合の精度が不完全なため、応々にして温度上昇の不均一性が生じ、完全な分解反応・揮発を促進させるに至らない場合が多いという問題を残している。   In addition, the mechanical mixing of chemicals and contaminated soil with incomplete mixing accuracy results in non-uniform temperature rise, which does not promote complete decomposition and volatilization. The problem that there are many.

本発明は、このような従来の難点を解消し、地盤面下0.5〜10数メートルにあるVOCsで汚染された土壌をも地上部に掘削・集積することなく原位置で処理する装置及び方法を提供することを目的としている。   The present invention eliminates such conventional difficulties, and an apparatus for treating soil contaminated with VOCs located 0.5 to several tens of meters below the ground surface in situ without excavating and accumulating on the ground. It aims to provide a method.

本発明の第1の態様である揮発性有機化合物の処理装置は、土壌中に含まれる有害な揮発性有機化合物を除去する揮発性有機化合物処理装置であって、揮発性有機化合物が拡散した拡散域の原位置地表面の外周沿い及び外周で囲繞された内部に配設される複数個のガイド管と、複数個のガイド管の間に配設され土壌の温度を検知する複数個の温度センサーと、拡散域の土壌を加熱するためのマイクロ波発生装置と、マイクロ波発生装置に接続されてガイド管内に挿入され土壌を加熱するアンテナと、地表面を前記外周の外縁部から被覆して、加熱された土壌から発生したガスを封じ込めるガス不透過性シートと、ガス不透過性シートで封じ込められ連結管を介して流れ込むガスを吸着する吸着槽とを備えたものである。   The volatile organic compound treatment apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention is a volatile organic compound treatment apparatus that removes harmful volatile organic compounds contained in soil, and diffused by diffusion of volatile organic compounds. A plurality of guide pipes arranged along and around the outer periphery of the ground surface of the area, and a plurality of temperature sensors arranged between the plurality of guide pipes to detect the temperature of the soil And a microwave generator for heating the soil in the diffusion area, an antenna connected to the microwave generator and inserted into the guide tube to heat the soil, and the ground surface is covered from the outer edge of the outer periphery, A gas impermeable sheet that contains gas generated from heated soil, and an adsorption tank that adsorbs the gas that is enclosed by the gas impermeable sheet and flows through the connecting pipe.

本発明の第2の態様である揮発性有機化合物の処理方法は、土壌中に含まれる有害な揮発性有機化合物を除去するにあたり、揮発性有機化合物が拡散した拡散域の原位置地表面の外周沿い及び外周で囲繞された内部に複数個のガイド管を配設し、複数個のガイド管の間に複数個の温度センサーを配設して土壌の温度を検知し、拡散域の前記土壌を加熱するためのマイクロ波発生装置に接続されたアンテナをガイド管内に挿入し、加熱された土壌から発生したガスを封じ込めるガス不透過性シートにより、地表面を外周の外縁部から被覆し、ガス不透過性シートで封じ込められ連結管を介して流れ込むガスを吸着槽に吸着するものである。   In the method for treating a volatile organic compound according to the second aspect of the present invention, in removing harmful volatile organic compounds contained in soil, the outer periphery of the in situ surface of the diffusion region where the volatile organic compounds diffused A plurality of guide tubes are disposed inside and surrounded by the outer periphery, and a plurality of temperature sensors are disposed between the plurality of guide tubes to detect the temperature of the soil, An antenna connected to a microwave generator for heating is inserted into the guide tube, and the ground surface is covered from the outer edge of the outer periphery with a gas-impermeable sheet that contains the gas generated from the heated soil. The gas encapsulated by the permeable sheet and flowing through the connecting pipe is adsorbed to the adsorption tank.

本発明の第3の態様である揮発性有機化合物の処理方法は、複数個のガイド管を格子状に配設したものである。   The method for treating a volatile organic compound according to the third aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of guide tubes arranged in a lattice pattern.

本発明の第4の態様である揮発性有機化合物の処理方法は、有害な揮発性有機化合物の分解・揮発反応を促進させるため、ガイド管から分解補助剤として酸性溶液を注入するものである。   The method for treating a volatile organic compound according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is to inject an acidic solution as a decomposition aid from a guide tube in order to promote the decomposition and volatilization reaction of harmful volatile organic compounds.

本発明の第5の態様である揮発性有機化合物の処理方法は、分解・揮発によって発生したガスを吸着するため、吸着槽に無機系吸着剤を使用するものである。   The volatile organic compound treatment method according to the fifth aspect of the present invention uses an inorganic adsorbent in the adsorption tank in order to adsorb gas generated by decomposition and volatilization.

本発明の揮発性有機化合物の処理装置及び処理方法の第1の態様から第5の態様によれば、地盤面下0.5〜10数メートルにあるVOCsで汚染された土壌を地上部に掘削・集積せずに原位置で処理する工法で、予め分解補助剤を注入浸透させた地盤中に格子状に配置されたマイクロ波を照射するアンテナによって、対象土壌を最低80゜〜100℃に保持させて、VOCsの分解・揮発を促進させ、これら揮発物質を地上部に収集させ吸着させ、地盤中の土壌汚染濃度を環境基準値以下に低下させることができる。   According to the first to fifth aspects of the volatile organic compound treatment apparatus and treatment method of the present invention, the soil contaminated with VOCs located 0.5 to several tens of meters below the ground surface is excavated on the ground.・ In-situ processing without accumulation, and the target soil is kept at a minimum of 80 ° C to 100 ° C by an antenna that irradiates microwaves arranged in a lattice pattern in a ground that has been pre-infused with a decomposition aid. Thus, decomposition and volatilization of VOCs can be promoted, and these volatile substances can be collected and adsorbed on the above-ground part, and the soil contamination concentration in the ground can be lowered below the environmental standard value.

従って、掘削機械や掘削に伴う作業がなくなり、掘削した土壌を処理するスペースも必要ない。   Therefore, there is no excavation machine or work associated with excavation, and no space for treating excavated soil is required.

また、地盤を撹乱しないので地盤強度の軟弱化が回避できる。   Moreover, since the ground is not disturbed, softening of the ground strength can be avoided.

更に、環境保全上の安全性を確保する為、分解ガス又はその異性体の揮発ガスを地表部に設置した吸着槽に吸着捕捉するので大気中に有害なガスを放出する虞もない。   Furthermore, in order to ensure safety in environmental protection, the decomposition gas or its isomer volatile gas is adsorbed and captured in an adsorption tank installed on the surface, so that there is no risk of releasing harmful gases into the atmosphere.

以下、本発明による揮発性有機化合物の処理装置及び処理方法の好ましい実施例を、図面を参照して詳述する。   Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a processing apparatus and a processing method for a volatile organic compound according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

図1(b)に示すように、地表面付近にある汚染源10から流出した有害な揮発性有機化合物は地下に拡散し、地表から10数メートルの地層の境界にまで至り、横方向にも広がり拡散域1が形成される。公知の検出装置を用いて汚染範囲と汚染物質を判定し、この拡散域1を包囲すべくマイクロ波照射範囲を決定し、3次元的に網羅する形で、図1(a)、(b)に示すように、拡散域1の原位置地表面11の外周2沿い、及び外周2より内側の内部3に格子状にボーリングされた削孔にガイド管4を設置し、このガイド管4には後述するようにアンテナ70が挿入される。   As shown in Fig. 1 (b), harmful volatile organic compounds that have flowed out from the pollution source 10 near the ground surface diffuse into the underground, reach the boundary of the geological layer of several tens of meters from the surface, and spread laterally. A diffusion zone 1 is formed. 1 (a) and 1 (b) in a form in which a contamination range and contaminants are determined using a known detection device, a microwave irradiation range is determined so as to surround the diffusion region 1, and three-dimensional coverage is provided. As shown in FIG. 4, a guide tube 4 is installed in a drilled hole bored in a lattice shape along the outer periphery 2 of the in situ ground surface 11 of the diffusion zone 1 and in the inner portion 3 inside the outer periphery 2. As will be described later, the antenna 70 is inserted.

また、複数個のガイド管4、4、‥の間には、土壌の温度を検知する複数個の温度センサー5、5、‥が配設される。   Further, a plurality of temperature sensors 5, 5,... For detecting the temperature of the soil are disposed between the plurality of guide tubes 4, 4,.

拡散域1の土壌を加熱するためのマイクロ波発生装置6が地上に設置され、マイクロ波発生装置6に接続されたケーブル60には、ガイド管4内に挿入され土壌を加熱するアンテナ70が接続されている。   A microwave generator 6 for heating the soil in the diffusion zone 1 is installed on the ground, and an antenna 70 inserted into the guide tube 4 and heating the soil is connected to the cable 60 connected to the microwave generator 6. Has been.

図1(a)に大きな横長長方形で示すように、加熱された土壌から発生したガスを封じ込めるガス不透過性シート8が、外周2の外縁部20から地表面11を被覆する。封じ込められたガスは、連結管90を介して地上に設置されたガス吸着槽9に流れ込ませることができる。   As shown by a large horizontally long rectangle in FIG. 1A, a gas impermeable sheet 8 that contains gas generated from heated soil covers the ground surface 11 from the outer edge 20 of the outer periphery 2. The trapped gas can flow into the gas adsorption tank 9 installed on the ground via the connecting pipe 90.

図2に示すように、マイクロ波発生装置6は、10kw〜100kwの出力を持つ電源61、マイクロ波を発生させるマグネトロンボックス62、マグネトロンボックス62を保護して安定に動作させるためアイソレータ63、状況に併せてインピーダンス整合を計るための整合器64、マイクロ波を伝搬する導派管65、導派管65による電力の伝送を同軸管7に変換する同軸導波管変換器66等で構成され、このマイクロ波発生装置6はケーブル60を介してアンテナ70を中心軸にした同軸管7に接続されている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the microwave generator 6 includes a power supply 61 having an output of 10 kw to 100 kw, a magnetron box 62 for generating microwaves, an isolator 63 for protecting and stably operating the magnetron box 62, In addition, it comprises a matching unit 64 for measuring impedance matching, a guiding tube 65 for propagating microwaves, a coaxial waveguide converter 66 for converting power transmission by the guiding tube 65 to the coaxial tube 7, and the like. The microwave generator 6 is connected via a cable 60 to a coaxial tube 7 having an antenna 70 as a central axis.

アンテナ70が挿入されるガイド管4の配置を決める格子の間隔は、マイクロ波が土壌をVOCsの分解・揮発に必要な最低温度である80℃以上に加熱させることに要する熱量により異なり、ここに、施工効率、消費電力、所要温域に達する時間等を勘案すれば、格子間隔として横軸x方向は170〜175cm、縦軸y方向は145〜155cmが有効で、横軸方向173cm、縦軸方向150cmが最も好適である。   The grid interval that determines the arrangement of the guide tube 4 into which the antenna 70 is inserted differs depending on the amount of heat required for the microwave to heat the soil to 80 ° C. or higher, which is the minimum temperature required for decomposition and volatilization of VOCs. Considering the construction efficiency, power consumption, time to reach the required temperature range, etc., the grid interval is 170-175 cm in the horizontal axis x direction and 145-155 cm in the vertical axis y direction, and 173 cm in the horizontal axis direction. A direction of 150 cm is most preferred.

ガイド管4の材質は耐熱性のあるテフロン(登録商標)又はポリエチレン製のパイプ(75Ф)とし液体が通過可能なスリットを有し、アンテナ70を軸とする同軸管7はアルミニウム又は真鋳製とする。   The guide tube 4 is made of heat-resistant Teflon (registered trademark) or polyethylene pipe (75 mm) and has a slit through which liquid can pass. The coaxial tube 7 with the antenna 70 as an axis is made of aluminum or brass. To do.

なお、温度センサー5は、同軸管7のガイド管4とは異なるガイド管4に挿通されて地中に設置され、電源に接続された温度制御機50に接続されている。この温度制御機50はマイクロ波の照射量をコントロールするもので、図示されないケーブルでマイクロ波発生装置6に接続されている。   The temperature sensor 5 is inserted into a guide tube 4 different from the guide tube 4 of the coaxial tube 7 and installed in the ground, and is connected to a temperature controller 50 connected to a power source. The temperature controller 50 controls the amount of microwave irradiation, and is connected to the microwave generator 6 by a cable (not shown).

土壌中に含まれる有害な揮発性有機化合物を除去するにあたり、ガイド管4、4、‥から酸性溶液の分解補助剤を注入すると、土壌中の有害な揮発性有機化合物の分解・揮発反応を促進させることができる。分解補助剤としては、酸化鉄・水和酸化物を含む非結晶質の含水アルミノケイ酸塩を主成分とする特殊酸性溶液(pH=4.8〜5.2)が好適で、ボーリングにより測定した地盤中の含水比を勘案して酸性溶液を注入後のpHが4.8〜5.2になるよう調整する。   In order to remove harmful volatile organic compounds contained in the soil, injection of acidic solution decomposition aids from the guide tubes 4, 4,... Promotes decomposition and volatile reactions of harmful volatile organic compounds in the soil. Can be made. As the decomposition aid, a special acidic solution (pH = 4.8 to 5.2) mainly composed of amorphous hydrous aluminosilicate containing iron oxide / hydrated oxide is preferable, and measured by boring. In consideration of the water content ratio in the ground, the pH after injection of the acidic solution is adjusted to 4.8 to 5.2.

更に、分解・揮発によって発生したガスを吸着するため、吸着槽9内の吸着剤として石炭灰、セメント又は石灰、塩化カリウム、塩化マグネシウム、塩化コバルト、塩化第二鉄等の無機塩類で構成された無機系吸着剤が使用される。   Furthermore, in order to adsorb the gas generated by decomposition and volatilization, the adsorbent in the adsorption tank 9 is composed of inorganic salts such as coal ash, cement or lime, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, cobalt chloride, ferric chloride and the like. Inorganic adsorbents are used.

以下に、土壌中に含まれる有害な揮発性有機化合物を除去するにあたり、その方法を具体的に説明する。   Hereinafter, the method for removing harmful volatile organic compounds contained in soil will be described in detail.

先ず、格子状に複数個配設され、スリットを有するガイド管4、4、‥に上述の分解補助剤を注入し、汚染された要処理地盤全域に均等に浸透させる。混入完了後、このガイド管4にマイクロ波発生装置6に接続された同軸管7であるアンテナ70を挿入する。   First, a plurality of the above-mentioned decomposition auxiliary agents are injected into the guide tubes 4, 4,... Which are arranged in a lattice shape and have slits, and are uniformly permeated throughout the contaminated ground to be treated. After the mixing is completed, an antenna 70 which is a coaxial tube 7 connected to the microwave generator 6 is inserted into the guide tube 4.

次いで、マイクロ波発生装置6を起動させ、汚染された土壌部位の全域(拡散域11)及びその外周2に配設された複数のアンテナ70からマイクロ波を照射することにより、対象土壌の温度を上昇させてゆく。アンテナ70とアンテナ70の中間点付近において、土壌温度がVOCsの分解反応が起こる最低の温域(汚染源によって適宜選択される80℃〜100℃)に達すれば、その後は、土壌中に適宣配置された温度センサー5と温度制御機50の制御によりマイクロ波の照射量をコントロールし、その温度域を一定時間維持させる。   Next, the microwave generator 6 is started, and the temperature of the target soil is set by irradiating microwaves from a plurality of antennas 70 disposed on the entire contaminated soil region (diffusion zone 11) and the outer periphery 2 thereof. I will raise it. If the soil temperature reaches the lowest temperature range where the decomposition reaction of VOCs occurs (80 ° C to 100 ° C as appropriate depending on the pollution source) near the midpoint between the antenna 70 and the antenna 70, then the soil temperature is properly placed in the soil. The amount of microwave irradiation is controlled by the temperature sensor 5 and the temperature controller 50, and the temperature range is maintained for a certain time.

一定時間経過後には、VOCsが分解したガスとその異性体とが共に地表面に揮発してくるが、外縁部20から地表面を被覆しているガス不透過性シート8で封じ込められるので、連結管90を介して、地上部に設置された吸着槽9に流れ込み、上述の吸着剤にガスは吸着される。   After the elapse of a certain time, both the gas decomposed by VOCs and its isomers volatilize on the ground surface, but since they are enclosed by the gas impermeable sheet 8 covering the ground surface from the outer edge 20, they are connected. It flows into the adsorption tank 9 installed on the ground part through the pipe 90, and the gas is adsorbed by the adsorbent described above.

マイクロ波の電気エネルギーが熱エネルギーに変換されるのは、地盤中の水分、すなわち、土粒子間に存在する層間水、土粒子表面の付着水及び土粒子内部の吸着水等の水分子がマイクロ波の照射により活性化され熱エネルギーになることによる。一般的に、地盤中に拡散浸透したVOCsは水溶解度は低く揮発性が高い。又、土粒子へは付着し難く、水より地盤中垂直方向への移動が大きい傾向にあるが、地盤中に拡散したVOCsは土中水のマイクロ波照射に伴う温度上昇によってVOCsの分解・揮発を促進させることが可能である。   Microwave electrical energy is converted into thermal energy because water molecules in the ground, that is, water molecules such as interlaminar water existing between soil particles, adhering water on the surface of soil particles, and adsorbed water inside the soil particles are microscopic. It is activated by the irradiation of waves and becomes thermal energy. Generally, VOCs diffused and penetrated into the ground have low water solubility and high volatility. In addition, it is difficult to adhere to soil particles and tends to move more vertically in the ground than water. However, VOCs diffused in the ground are decomposed and volatilized by the temperature rise accompanying microwave irradiation of soil water. Can be promoted.

地中レーダー又は加熱マイクロ波電源の周波数は2.45GHzであり、その到達距離は地盤中の含水比に大きく影響を受けるが、実験によれば数mの距離まで到達できることも確認されている点から、ここで使用する周波数は2.45GHzとする。   The frequency of the underground radar or heated microwave power supply is 2.45 GHz, and its reach is greatly affected by the moisture content in the ground, but it has been confirmed by experiments that it can reach a distance of several meters. Therefore, the frequency used here is 2.45 GHz.

マイクロ波が地盤中の1立方メートル(106cm3)の土を分解反応が開始される最低温度である80℃以上の温度域にさせるのに要する熱量、電力及び所要時間等の理論的数値は次のとおりである。
(1)土質:砂質土、含水比:30%、湿潤密度:1.70g/cm3
(2)土の熱容量:1.80J/K・g
(砂、水の熱容量が夫々0.8J/K・g、4.2J/K・gから推定)
温度勾配:0(地盤温度15℃と仮定)、熱効率100%(無放熱)
(1)、(2)の条件のもとに
1.80J/K・g×1.70g/cm3×106cm3=3.06×106J/K
3.06×106J/K×(80−15)℃(K)=19.89×107
1Wを1秒間投入したものが1Jであるから、19.89×107Jを与えるには、
10kw=10.0×103 Wのマイクロ波が砂に100%吸収されるとすれば
19.89×107J÷10.0×103 W/秒=5.5時間
となる。
The theoretical values such as the amount of heat, electric power and time required for microwave to bring the soil of 1 cubic meter (10 6 cm 3 ) in the ground to the temperature range above 80 ° C which is the lowest temperature at which decomposition reaction starts It is as follows.
(1) Soil: Sandy soil, moisture content: 30%, wet density: 1.70 g / cm 3
(2) Heat capacity of soil: 1.80 J / K · g
(The heat capacities of sand and water are estimated from 0.8 J / K · g and 4.2 J / K · g, respectively)
Temperature gradient: 0 (assuming a ground temperature of 15 ° C), thermal efficiency of 100% (no heat dissipation)
Under the conditions of (1) and (2) 1.80 J / K · g × 1.70 g / cm 3 × 10 6 cm 3 = 3.06 × 10 6 J / K
3.06 × 10 6 J / K × (80-15) ° C. (K) = 19.89 × 10 7 J
To give 19.89 × 10 7 J, 1W is 1J for 1 second.
If microwaves of 10 kw = 10.0 × 10 3 W are absorbed 100% by the sand, 19.89 × 10 7 J ÷ 10.0 × 10 3 W / second = 5.5 hours.

したがって、1立方メートルの土量を80℃の温度域に保持するには、10kwの電力で約6時間以上照射することが必要となる。   Therefore, in order to maintain a volume of soil of 1 cubic meter in a temperature range of 80 ° C., it is necessary to irradiate with a power of 10 kw for about 6 hours or more.

この理論値と同じ条件の下でテトラクロロエチレンを含有する模擬汚染土を調整し、図3に示す実験装置により本物質の分解〜吸着実験を実施した。
テトラクロロエチレンを含有する試験用土の土量は72×103cm3であることから5×103Wのマイクロ波を照射する場合、
1.80J/K・g×1.70g/cm3×72×103cm3=2.20×105J/K
2.20×105J/K×(80−15)℃(K)=14.3×106
14.3×106J÷5×103W≒48分
となり、約50分後に周縁部が80℃以上の温度域となる。
Under the same conditions as the theoretical values, simulated contaminated soil containing tetrachlorethylene was prepared, and the decomposition and adsorption experiments of this substance were performed using the experimental apparatus shown in FIG.
Since the soil volume of the test soil containing tetrachlorethylene is 72 × 10 3 cm 3 , the microwave of 5 × 10 3 W is irradiated.
1.80 J / K · g × 1.70 g / cm 3 × 72 × 10 3 cm 3 = 2.20 × 10 5 J / K
2.20 × 10 5 J / K × (80-15) ° C. (K) = 14.3 × 10 6 J
14.3 × 10 6 J ÷ 5 × 10 3 W≈48 minutes, and the peripheral portion becomes a temperature range of 80 ° C. or more after about 50 minutes.

図4に示すマイクロ波照射時間と土壌温度の関係図より明らかなように、図3に示す実験装置のマイクロ波発生装置6からの距離が遠くなるほど、土壌温度の上昇は遅れ、周縁部No.6がVOCsの分解・揮発を促進させるのに必要な80〜100℃に達するのは約1時間10〜15分後となっており、計算値より約20分間遅れている。これは実験装置の両面からの放熱による熱損失が原因と考えられ、実際の土壌汚染修復サイトでは周辺への放熱は少なく解消できるものであるから、本計算値は土壌処理現場の諸条件とほぼ一致するといえる。   As is clear from the relationship between the microwave irradiation time and the soil temperature shown in FIG. 4, as the distance from the microwave generator 6 of the experimental apparatus shown in FIG. 6 reaches about 80 to 100 ° C. necessary to promote decomposition and volatilization of VOCs after about 1 hour and 10 to 15 minutes, and is about 20 minutes behind the calculated value. This is considered to be caused by heat loss due to heat radiation from both sides of the experimental equipment, and since the heat radiation to the surrounding area can be eliminated little at the actual soil contamination repair site, this calculated value is almost the same as the conditions at the soil treatment site. It can be said that they match.

図5は揮発ガスの一例であるテトラクロロエチレンとその異性体が表層に収集され、吸着槽9を通過する前と通過した後のガスの溶出量(mg/l)の分析値をプロットして得られた。この図に示すマイクロ波照射時間と揮発ガスの溶出量の関係より明らかなように、マイクロ波照射後2.5時間では吸着槽9を通過すればは環境基準値をクリアできるが、通過前では環境基準値をクリアできないため吸着槽9を必要とされるが、マイクロ波照射が5.5時間以上になれば通過前でも環境基準値をクリアでき、吸着槽9は不要とすることも可能となる。   FIG. 5 is obtained by plotting the analytical value of the elution amount (mg / l) of gas before and after passing through the adsorption tank 9 when tetrachlorethylene, which is an example of volatile gas, and its isomer are collected on the surface layer. It was. As is clear from the relationship between the microwave irradiation time and the volatile gas elution amount shown in this figure, the environmental standard value can be cleared by passing through the adsorption tank 9 at 2.5 hours after the microwave irradiation, The adsorption tank 9 is required because the environmental standard value cannot be cleared, but if the microwave irradiation is 5.5 hours or longer, the environmental standard value can be cleared even before passing, and the adsorption tank 9 can be made unnecessary. Become.

本発明による揮発性有機化合物の処理装置の配置を示す図で、(a)は平面図、(b)は断面図である。It is a figure which shows arrangement | positioning of the processing apparatus of the volatile organic compound by this invention, (a) is a top view, (b) is sectional drawing. 本発明による揮発性有機化合物の処理装置に採用されるマイクロ波発生装置を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the microwave generator employ | adopted as the processing apparatus of the volatile organic compound by this invention. 本発明による揮発性有機化合物の処理装置の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the processing apparatus of the volatile organic compound by this invention. 本発明による揮発性有機化合物の処理装置におけるマイクロ波照射時間と土壌温度の関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the microwave irradiation time in the processing apparatus of the volatile organic compound by this invention, and soil temperature. 本発明による揮発性有機化合物の処理装置におけるマイクロ波照射時間と揮発ガスの溶出量の関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the microwave irradiation time and the elution amount of volatile gas in the processing apparatus of the volatile organic compound by this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1・・・拡散域
11・・・原位置地表面
2・・・外周
20・・・外縁部
3・・・内部
4・・・ガイド管
5・・・温度センサー
6・・・マイクロ波発生装置
70・・・アンテナ
8・・・ガス不透過性シート
9・・・吸着槽
90・・・連結管
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Diffusion area 11 ... In-situ surface 2 ... Outer periphery 20 ... Outer edge part 3 ... Inside 4 ... Guide tube 5 ... Temperature sensor 6 ... Microwave generator 70 ... Antenna 8 ... Gas-impermeable sheet 9 ... Adsorption tank 90 ... Connection tube

Claims (5)

土壌中に含まれる有害な揮発性有機化合物を除去する揮発性有機化合物処理装置であって、
前記揮発性有機化合物が拡散した拡散域(1)の原位置地表面(11)の外周(2)沿い及び前記外周で囲繞された内部(3)に配設される複数個のガイド管(4)と、
前記複数個のガイド管の間に配設され前記土壌の温度を検知する複数個の温度センサー(5)と、
前記拡散域の前記土壌を加熱するためのマイクロ波発生装置(6)と、
前記マイクロ波発生装置に接続されて前記ガイド管内に挿入され前記土壌を加熱するアンテナ(70)と、
前記地表面を前記外周の外縁部(20)から被覆して、加熱された前記土壌から発生したガスを封じ込めるガス不透過性シート(8)と、
前記ガス不透過性シートで封じ込められ連結管(90)を介して流れ込むガスを吸着する吸着槽(9)とを備えたことを特徴とする揮発性有機化合物処理装置。
A volatile organic compound treatment apparatus that removes harmful volatile organic compounds contained in soil,
A plurality of guide tubes (4) disposed along the outer periphery (2) of the in-situ ground surface (11) of the diffusion region (1) in which the volatile organic compound has diffused and inside (3) surrounded by the outer periphery. )When,
A plurality of temperature sensors (5) disposed between the plurality of guide tubes and detecting the temperature of the soil;
A microwave generator (6) for heating the soil in the diffusion zone;
An antenna (70) connected to the microwave generator and inserted into the guide tube to heat the soil;
A gas-impermeable sheet (8) that covers the ground surface from the outer edge (20) of the outer periphery and contains gas generated from the heated soil;
A volatile organic compound processing apparatus, comprising: an adsorption tank (9) that adsorbs a gas that is enclosed by the gas-impermeable sheet and flows through the connecting pipe (90).
土壌中に含まれる有害な揮発性有機化合物を除去するにあたり、
前記揮発性有機化合物が拡散した拡散域(1)の原位置地表面(11)の外周(2)沿い及び前記外周で囲繞された内部(3)に複数個のガイド管(4)を配設し、
前記複数個のガイド管の間に複数個の温度センサー(5)を配設して前記土壌の温度を検知し、
前記拡散域の前記土壌を加熱するためのマイクロ波発生装置(6)に接続されたアンテナ(70)を前記ガイド管内に挿入し、
加熱された前記土壌から発生したガスを封じ込めるガス不透過性シート(8)により、前記地表面を前記外周の外縁部(20)から被覆し、
前記ガス不透過性シートで封じ込められ連結管(90)を介して流れ込むガスを吸着槽(9)に吸着することを特徴とする揮発性有機化合物の処理方法。
In removing harmful volatile organic compounds contained in the soil,
A plurality of guide tubes (4) are disposed along the outer periphery (2) of the in situ ground surface (11) of the diffusion region (1) in which the volatile organic compound has diffused and in the inner portion (3) surrounded by the outer periphery. And
A plurality of temperature sensors (5) are arranged between the plurality of guide tubes to detect the temperature of the soil,
Inserting an antenna (70) connected to a microwave generator (6) for heating the soil in the diffusion zone into the guide tube,
The gas impermeable sheet (8) that contains the gas generated from the heated soil covers the ground surface from the outer edge (20) of the outer periphery,
A method for treating a volatile organic compound, comprising adsorbing a gas encapsulated by the gas-impermeable sheet and flowing through the connecting pipe (90) in an adsorption tank (9).
前記複数個のガイド管を格子状に配設したことを特徴とする請求項2記載の揮発性有機化合物の処理方法。   3. The method for treating a volatile organic compound according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of guide tubes are arranged in a lattice shape. 前記有害な揮発性有機化合物の分解・揮発反応を促進させるため、前記ガイド管から分解補助剤として酸性溶液を注入することを特徴とする請求項2または3記載の揮発性有機化合物の処理方法。   4. The method for treating a volatile organic compound according to claim 2, wherein an acidic solution is injected as a decomposition aid from the guide tube in order to promote decomposition / volatilization reaction of the harmful volatile organic compound. 前記分解・揮発によって発生したガスを吸着するため、前記吸着槽に無機系吸着剤を使用することを特徴とする請求項2〜4いずれか1項記載の揮発性有機化合物の処理方法。   The method for treating a volatile organic compound according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein an inorganic adsorbent is used in the adsorption tank in order to adsorb the gas generated by the decomposition and volatilization.
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