JP2006127920A - Power supply device - Google Patents

Power supply device Download PDF

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JP2006127920A
JP2006127920A JP2004314909A JP2004314909A JP2006127920A JP 2006127920 A JP2006127920 A JP 2006127920A JP 2004314909 A JP2004314909 A JP 2004314909A JP 2004314909 A JP2004314909 A JP 2004314909A JP 2006127920 A JP2006127920 A JP 2006127920A
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peltier element
battery
secondary battery
power supply
type semiconductor
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Wataru Okada
渉 岡田
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power supply device capable of efficiently heat and cool a battery by a Peltier element, by making the Peltier element contact with a battery surface having various shapes in a wide area to bring heat conduction between the Peltier element and the battery in an ideal state. <P>SOLUTION: This power supply device is equipped with the secondary battery, the Peltier element 1 forced into contact with the surface of the secondary battery to cool or warm the secondary battery, and a control circuit to control the current carrying condition and the current carrying direction of the Peltier element 1. In this Peltier element 1, a plurality of n type semiconductors 5 and p type semiconductors 6 are adjacently disposed, and both surfaces of the n type semiconductor 5 and the p type semiconductor 6 adjacently disposed are electrically connected by a flexible conductive plate 7. In this power supply device, the Peltier element 1 is formed in a flexible plate shape, and is disposed on the surface of the secondary battery in a surface contact state. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、二次電池をペルチェ素子で冷却又は加熱する電源装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a power supply device that cools or heats a secondary battery with a Peltier element.

二次電池は、低温と高温で電気特性が低下する。温度が非常に低くなると、電池を所定の電流で放電できなくなる。また、実質的に放電できる容量も相当に小さくなる。反対に電池温度が異常に高くなる状態で充放電すると、電池の劣化が甚だしくなって寿命が著しく短くなる。この弊害は、電池温度が異常に低いときに設定温度まで加温し、反対に電池温度が異常に高くなると、設定温度まで冷却して解消できる。このことを実現するために、たとえば車両用の電源装置は、電池を加温するためのヒーターと、電池を冷却するための強制送風機構を備えている。しかしながら、この電源装置は、電池を加温する機構と、電池を冷却する機構の両方を装備する必要があって、構造が複雑になる。   The secondary battery has low electrical characteristics at low and high temperatures. When the temperature becomes very low, the battery cannot be discharged with a predetermined current. Further, the capacity that can be substantially discharged is considerably reduced. On the other hand, if charging / discharging in a state where the battery temperature is abnormally high, the battery will deteriorate significantly and the life will be shortened remarkably. This adverse effect can be solved by heating to the set temperature when the battery temperature is abnormally low, and conversely, if the battery temperature becomes abnormally high, the battery is cooled to the set temperature. In order to realize this, for example, a power supply device for a vehicle includes a heater for heating a battery and a forced air blowing mechanism for cooling the battery. However, this power supply device needs to be equipped with both a mechanism for heating the battery and a mechanism for cooling the battery, and the structure becomes complicated.

この欠点を解消するために、ペルチェ素子を使用する電源装置が開発されている（特許文献１参照）。
特開平１１−１７６４８７号公報 In order to eliminate this drawback, a power supply device using a Peltier element has been developed (see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-176487

以上の公報に記載される電源装置は、ペルチェ素子に流す電流の方向を切り換えて、二次電池を加温又は冷却する。ペルチェ素子が、電流の方向で冷却と加熱に切り換えできるからである。したがって、この電源装置は、ペルチェ素子を二次電池の冷却と加熱の両方に利用できる。   The power supply device described in the above publication switches the direction of the current flowing through the Peltier element to heat or cool the secondary battery. This is because the Peltier element can be switched between cooling and heating in the direction of current. Therefore, this power supply device can use the Peltier element for both cooling and heating of the secondary battery.

図１は、ペルチェ素子２１の動作原理を示す概略図である。ペルチェ素子２１は、この図の矢印で示す方向に電流を流すと、ｐ型半導体２６とｎ型半導体２５を接続している上面の金属プレート２７が冷却され、ｐ型半導体２６とｎ型半導体２５の下面の金属プレート２８は加熱される。したがって、図においてｐ型半導体２６とｎ型半導体２５の上面を電池の表面に接触して、矢印で示す方向に通電すると、ペルチェ素子２１は電池を冷却する。同じようにペルチェ素子を電池に接触させて、電流の方向を矢印と逆にすると、ペルチェ素子は電池との接触面が加温されて、電池を加温する。したがって、ペルチェ素子は、電流の方向を切り換える簡単な方法で電池の冷却と加熱の両方をできる。   FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the operating principle of the Peltier element 21. When a current flows in the direction indicated by the arrow in this figure, the Peltier element 21 cools the upper metal plate 27 connecting the p-type semiconductor 26 and the n-type semiconductor 25, and the p-type semiconductor 26 and the n-type semiconductor 25. The lower metal plate 28 is heated. Therefore, when the upper surfaces of the p-type semiconductor 26 and the n-type semiconductor 25 are in contact with the surface of the battery in the drawing and energized in the direction indicated by the arrow, the Peltier element 21 cools the battery. Similarly, when the Peltier element is brought into contact with the battery and the direction of the current is reversed to the arrow, the contact surface of the Peltier element with the battery is heated to heat the battery. Therefore, the Peltier device can both cool and heat the battery by a simple method of switching the direction of current.

ただ、ペルチェ素子が電池を効率よく冷却又は加熱するためには、ペルチェ素子と電池との接触面積を大きくする必要がある。しかしながら、ペルチェ素子は可撓性がないので、二次電池の表面に広い面積で接触させるのが難しい。とくに、円筒型電池のように表面を湾曲面とする電池には、広い面積で接触できない欠点がある。また角型電池においても、全面に広い面積でペルチェ素子を接触するのが難しい欠点があった。   However, in order for the Peltier element to efficiently cool or heat the battery, it is necessary to increase the contact area between the Peltier element and the battery. However, since the Peltier element is not flexible, it is difficult to contact the surface of the secondary battery over a wide area. In particular, a battery having a curved surface such as a cylindrical battery has a drawback that it cannot be contacted over a wide area. Also, the square battery has a drawback that it is difficult to contact the Peltier element over a large area.

本発明は、従来のこのような欠点を解決することを目的に開発されたものである。本発明の重要な目的は、ペルチェ素子を種々の形状の電池表面に広い面積で接触して、ペルチェ素子と電池との熱伝導を理想的な状態として、ペルチェ素子が効率よく電池を加熱又は冷却できる電源装置を提供することにある。   The present invention has been developed for the purpose of solving the conventional drawbacks. An important object of the present invention is that the Peltier device efficiently heats or cools the battery by bringing the Peltier device into contact with the surface of the battery of various shapes over a wide area so that the heat conduction between the Peltier device and the battery is ideal. An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply device that can be used.

本発明の電源装置は、前述の目的を達成するために以下の構成を備える。電源装置は、二次電池２と、二次電池２の表面に接触されて二次電池２を冷却又は加温するペルチェ素子１と、このペルチェ素子１の通電状態と通電方向をコントロールする制御回路３とを備える。ペルチェ素子１は、複数のｎ型半導体５とｐ型半導体６を隣接して配設して、隣接して配設されるｎ型半導体５とｐ型半導体６の両面を可撓性のある導電プレート７で電気接続している。電源装置は、ペルチェ素子１を可撓性のあるプレート状として、二次電池２の表面に面接触状態で配設している。   The power supply device of the present invention has the following configuration in order to achieve the above-described object. The power supply device includes a secondary battery 2, a Peltier element 1 that is brought into contact with the surface of the secondary battery 2 to cool or heat the secondary battery 2, and a control circuit that controls an energization state and an energization direction of the Peltier element 1. 3. The Peltier device 1 includes a plurality of n-type semiconductors 5 and a p-type semiconductor 6 disposed adjacent to each other, and both surfaces of the n-type semiconductor 5 and the p-type semiconductor 6 disposed adjacent to each other are flexible. The plate 7 is electrically connected. In the power supply device, the Peltier element 1 is arranged in a surface contact state on the surface of the secondary battery 2 in the form of a flexible plate.

本発明の電源装置は、ｎ型半導体５とｐ型半導体６とを電気接続する可撓性のある導電プレート７を導電性プラスチックとすることができる。さらに、本発明の電源装置は、可撓性のある導電プレート７の表面に絶縁シート８を積層することができる。さらにまた、本発明の電源装置は、二次電池２を円筒型電池として、可撓性のあるプレート状のペルチェ素子１を円筒型電池の表面に配設することができる。   In the power supply device of the present invention, the flexible conductive plate 7 that electrically connects the n-type semiconductor 5 and the p-type semiconductor 6 can be made of conductive plastic. Furthermore, in the power supply device of the present invention, the insulating sheet 8 can be laminated on the surface of the flexible conductive plate 7. Furthermore, in the power supply device of the present invention, the secondary battery 2 can be a cylindrical battery, and the flexible plate-like Peltier element 1 can be disposed on the surface of the cylindrical battery.

本発明の電源装置は、ペルチェ素子を種々の形状の電池表面に広い面積で接触させて、ペルチェ素子と電池との熱伝導を理想的な状態として、ペルチェ素子で効率よく電池を加熱又は冷却できる特徴がある。それは、本発明の電源装置のペルチェ素子が、隣接して配設しているｎ型半導体とｐ型半導体の両面を、可撓性のある導電プレートで接続して、ペルチェ素子を可撓性のあるプレート状として、二次電池の表面に面接触状態で配設しているからである。   The power supply apparatus according to the present invention can efficiently heat or cool a battery with a Peltier element by bringing the Peltier element into contact with a battery surface of various shapes over a wide area and making the heat conduction between the Peltier element and the battery ideal. There are features. This is because the Peltier element of the power supply device of the present invention connects the n-type semiconductor and the p-type semiconductor adjacent to each other with a flexible conductive plate, and the Peltier element is made flexible. This is because it is arranged in a surface contact state on the surface of the secondary battery as a certain plate shape.

以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。ただし、以下に示す実施例は、本発明の技術思想を具体化するための電源装置を例示するものであって、本発明は電源装置を以下のものに特定しない。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments described below exemplify a power supply device for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify the power supply device as follows.

さらに、この明細書は、特許請求の範囲を理解しやすいように、実施例に示される部材に対応する番号を、「特許請求の範囲」および「課題を解決するための手段の欄」に示される部材に付記している。ただ、特許請求の範囲に示される部材を、実施例の部材に特定するものでは決してない。   Further, in this specification, in order to facilitate understanding of the scope of claims, numbers corresponding to the members shown in the examples are indicated in the “claims” and “means for solving problems” sections. It is added to the members. However, the members shown in the claims are not limited to the members in the embodiments.

本発明の電源装置は、ハイブリッドカー、電気自動車、あるいは燃料電池車等の車両に搭載されて車両を走行させるモーターを駆動する電源装置として最適である。また、電動自転車や電動オートバイ、さらに電動工具等のように大電流で充放電される用途にも使用できる。車両に搭載される電源装置は、ペルチェ素子を接触させている電池からペルチェ素子に通電し、あるいは電装用のバッテリーからペルチェ素子に通電する。電動オートバイや電動自転車、あるいは電動工具は、ペルチェ素子を接触している電池からペルチェ素子に通電し、あるいは外部電源でペルチェ素子に通電する。   The power supply device of the present invention is optimal as a power supply device that is mounted on a vehicle such as a hybrid car, an electric vehicle, or a fuel cell vehicle and drives a motor that runs the vehicle. It can also be used for applications such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric tools that are charged and discharged with a large current. A power supply device mounted on a vehicle energizes a Peltier element from a battery in contact with the Peltier element, or energizes a Peltier element from a battery for electrical equipment. An electric motorcycle, an electric bicycle, or an electric tool energizes a Peltier element from a battery in contact with the Peltier element, or energizes the Peltier element with an external power source.

図２は電源装置の概略図である。この図の電源装置は、二次電池２と、二次電池２の表面に接触されて二次電池２を冷却又は加温するペルチェ素子１と、このペルチェ素子１の通電状態と通電方向をコントロールする制御回路３とを備える。   FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the power supply apparatus. The power supply device of this figure controls the secondary battery 2, the Peltier element 1 that is in contact with the surface of the secondary battery 2 to cool or heat the secondary battery 2, and the energization state and direction of energization of the Peltier element 1. And a control circuit 3 for performing the operation.

図の電源装置は、複数の二次電池２をケース４に収納している。ケース４は外気を換気できる換気構造としている。この電源装置は、ケース４内に換気する空気で、ペルチェ素子１の外側の熱を外部に放熱し、あるいはペルチェ素子１に空気から熱を供給する。ただし、本発明の電源装置は、必ずしもケースを換気構造とする必要はない。それは、ペルチェ素子の外側面に熱伝導材（図示せず）を接触させて、熱伝導材を介してペルチェ素子に熱を供給し、あるいはペルチェ素子の熱を外部に放熱できるからである。   In the illustrated power supply apparatus, a plurality of secondary batteries 2 are housed in a case 4. Case 4 has a ventilation structure that can ventilate the outside air. This power supply device uses the air ventilated in the case 4 to radiate heat outside the Peltier element 1 to the outside or supply heat to the Peltier element 1 from the air. However, the power supply device of the present invention does not necessarily have a case having a ventilation structure. This is because a heat conductive material (not shown) is brought into contact with the outer surface of the Peltier element, and heat is supplied to the Peltier element via the heat conductive material, or the heat of the Peltier element can be radiated to the outside.

ケース４に収納する二次電池２を図３と図４に示す。これ等の図に示す二次電池２は、複数の素電池を連結した電池モジュールである。電池モジュールは、充電できる複数の素電池を、直列に直線状に連結している。図の二次電池２は、円筒型電池である素電池を直線状に連結して電池モジュールとしている。円筒型電池は、表面の広い面積に、ペルチェ素子１を接触できる特徴がある。二次電池２である電池モジュールの表面に、ペルチェ素子１を接触させて、ケース４に収納している。   The secondary battery 2 housed in the case 4 is shown in FIGS. The secondary battery 2 shown in these drawings is a battery module in which a plurality of unit cells are connected. In the battery module, a plurality of unit cells that can be charged are linearly connected in series. In the illustrated secondary battery 2, unit cells that are cylindrical batteries are linearly connected to form a battery module. The cylindrical battery is characterized in that the Peltier element 1 can be brought into contact with a large surface area. The Peltier element 1 is brought into contact with the surface of the battery module that is the secondary battery 2 and is housed in the case 4.

ペルチェ素子１は可撓性のあるシート状で、図５に示すように、二次電池２の外周面に巻き付けて接触させる。図のペルチェ素子１は、両側に沿って、直角に折曲している折曲片９を設けている。ペルチェ素子１は、図３ないし図５に示すように、二次電池２の表面に巻き付ける状態で、両側の折曲片９が積層される幅としている。すなわち、両側の折曲片９間の長さを、二次電池２の円周に等しくし、あるいは円周よりもわずかに狭くしている。幅を円周よりも狭くしているペルチェ素子１は、折曲片９を連結して、ペルチェ素子１を二次電池２の表面に密着できる。   The Peltier element 1 is in the form of a flexible sheet, and is wound around and brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the secondary battery 2 as shown in FIG. The illustrated Peltier element 1 is provided with bent pieces 9 that are bent at right angles along both sides. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the Peltier element 1 has a width in which the folded pieces 9 on both sides are stacked in a state of being wound around the surface of the secondary battery 2. That is, the length between the bent pieces 9 on both sides is made equal to the circumference of the secondary battery 2 or slightly narrower than the circumference. The Peltier device 1 whose width is narrower than the circumference can connect the bent pieces 9 to closely attach the Peltier device 1 to the surface of the secondary battery 2.

図３と図４は、ペルチェ素子１の折曲片９を貫通する止ネジ１０を、ケース４の周壁に設けたネジ穴１１にねじ込んで固定している。この構造は、止ネジ１０でペルチェ素子１を二次電池２の周囲に固定し、さらに、表面にペルチェ素子１を接触している二次電池２をケース４に固定できる。すなわち、止ネジ１０は、ペルチェ素子１を二次電池２に固定し、さらに二次電池２をケース４に固定するふたつの作用をする。このため、止ネジ１０をねじ込んで、ペルチェ素子１を二次電池２に固定しながら、二次電池２をケース４に固定できるので、組み立てを簡単にできる。   3 and 4, a set screw 10 that penetrates the bent piece 9 of the Peltier element 1 is screwed into a screw hole 11 provided in the peripheral wall of the case 4 and fixed. In this structure, the Peltier element 1 can be fixed around the secondary battery 2 with a set screw 10, and the secondary battery 2 having the Peltier element 1 in contact with the surface can be fixed to the case 4. That is, the set screw 10 has two functions of fixing the Peltier element 1 to the secondary battery 2 and further fixing the secondary battery 2 to the case 4. For this reason, since the secondary battery 2 can be fixed to the case 4 while the set screw 10 is screwed in and the Peltier element 1 is fixed to the secondary battery 2, the assembly can be simplified.

ただ、本発明は、ペルチェ素子を二次電池に接触して固定する構造を、図３ないし図５に示す構造には特定しない。ペルチェ素子は、接着して二次電池の表面に固定することができ、また、図示しないがケースの内面にペルチェ素子を固定し、このケースに二次電池を収納して、ペルチェ素子を二次電池の表面に接触させることもできるからである。   However, the present invention does not specify the structure for fixing the Peltier element in contact with the secondary battery as shown in FIGS. The Peltier element can be bonded and fixed to the surface of the secondary battery. Although not shown, the Peltier element is fixed to the inner surface of the case, the secondary battery is accommodated in the case, and the Peltier element is fixed to the secondary battery. This is because it can be brought into contact with the surface of the battery.

さらに、本発明の電源装置は、二次電池を円筒型電池には特定しない。二次電池２には、図６に示すように、角型電池も使用できる。角型電池の外装缶は、コーナー部において小さい曲率半径で湾曲される。このため、角型電池の表面に接触されるペルチェ素子１は、外装缶の小さい曲率半径で変形できる可撓性のあるシート状のものを使用する。このペルチェ素子１は、角型電池の全周に接触する状態で、二次電池２の表面に広い面積で接触して固定される。   Furthermore, the power supply device of the present invention does not specify a secondary battery as a cylindrical battery. As the secondary battery 2, a square battery can be used as shown in FIG. The outer can of the square battery is curved with a small radius of curvature at the corner. For this reason, the flexible Peltier element 1 which can deform | transform with the small curvature radius of an exterior can is used for the Peltier device 1 contacted with the surface of a square battery. The Peltier element 1 is fixed in contact with the surface of the secondary battery 2 over a wide area in a state where the Peltier element 1 is in contact with the entire circumference of the square battery.

ペルチェ素子１は、図７と図８に示す独特の構造で、可撓性のあるシート状としている。これ等の図に示すペルチェ素子１は、複数のｎ型半導体５とｐ型半導体６を隣接して配設している。隣接して配設しているｎ型半導体５とｐ型半導体６は、両面を可撓性のある導電プレート７で電気接続している。図のペルチェ素子１は、ｐ型半導体６とｎ型半導体５を交互に配設して、縦横に配列している。縦横に配列されるｐ型半導体６とｎ型半導体５は、隣接するもの同士を互いに離して配設している。隣接するｐ型半導体６とｎ型半導体５は、導電プレート７で接続している。導電プレート７は、折り曲げできるように可撓性のある導電性プラスチック、あるいは薄い金属板である。さらに、導電プレート７に可撓性と伸縮性のある導電性プラスチックを使用すると、ペルチェ素子１をさらに変形しやすくなる。   The Peltier element 1 has a unique structure shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 and has a flexible sheet shape. In the Peltier device 1 shown in these drawings, a plurality of n-type semiconductors 5 and p-type semiconductors 6 are arranged adjacent to each other. The n-type semiconductor 5 and the p-type semiconductor 6 disposed adjacent to each other are electrically connected to each other by a flexible conductive plate 7. In the Peltier device 1 shown in the figure, p-type semiconductors 6 and n-type semiconductors 5 are alternately arranged and arranged vertically and horizontally. Adjacent ones of the p-type semiconductor 6 and the n-type semiconductor 5 arranged vertically and horizontally are arranged apart from each other. Adjacent p-type semiconductor 6 and n-type semiconductor 5 are connected by a conductive plate 7. The conductive plate 7 is a flexible conductive plastic or thin metal plate so that it can be bent. Further, when a conductive plastic having flexibility and stretchability is used for the conductive plate 7, the Peltier element 1 is further easily deformed.

ペルチェ素子１は、高さが等しい複数のｐ型半導体６とｎ型半導体５を同一面に配列して、その両側に第１表面１Ａと第２表面１Ｂを設けている。ｐ型半導体６とｎ型半導体５は、第１表面１Ａと第２表面１Ｂに位置する導電プレート７で接続している。ペルチェ素子１は、図７と図８に示す方向に電流を流すと、第１表面１Ａにある全ての導電プレート７Ａは、ｎ型半導体５からｐ型半導体６に電流を流し、第２表面１Ｂにある全ての導電プレート７Ｂは、ｐ型半導体６からｎ型半導体５に電流を流す。電流の方向を図に示す方向から逆にすると、第１表面１Ａの導電プレート７Ａは、ｐ型半導体６からｎ型半導体５に電流を流し、第２表面１Ｂの導電プレート７Ｂは、ｎ型半導体５からｐ型半導体６に電流を流す。   In the Peltier element 1, a plurality of p-type semiconductors 6 and n-type semiconductors 5 having the same height are arranged on the same surface, and a first surface 1A and a second surface 1B are provided on both sides thereof. The p-type semiconductor 6 and the n-type semiconductor 5 are connected by a conductive plate 7 located on the first surface 1A and the second surface 1B. When a current flows in the direction shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the Peltier element 1 causes all the conductive plates 7A on the first surface 1A to flow a current from the n-type semiconductor 5 to the p-type semiconductor 6 and the second surface 1B. All of the conductive plates 7 </ b> B in FIG. 6 pass current from the p-type semiconductor 6 to the n-type semiconductor 5. When the direction of the current is reversed from the direction shown in the figure, the conductive plate 7A on the first surface 1A flows current from the p-type semiconductor 6 to the n-type semiconductor 5, and the conductive plate 7B on the second surface 1B is n-type semiconductor. A current is passed from 5 to the p-type semiconductor 6.

ペルチェ素子１は、図１の動作原理図に示すように、ｎ型半導体５からｐ型半導体６に電流を流すように接続している導電プレート７が吸熱（冷却）して、その反対側が放熱（加熱）される。したがって、第１表面１Ａを冷却する状態では、第１表面１Ａの全ての導電プレート７Ａは、ｎ型半導体５からｐ型半導体６に電流を流す必要がある。このことを実現するために、第１表面１Ａの全ての導電プレート７Ａは、ｐ型半導体６とｎ型半導体５との間で同じ方向に電流を流すように接続して、全ての導電プレート７が吸熱し、あるいは放熱するようにしている。   As shown in the operation principle diagram of FIG. 1, the Peltier element 1 absorbs heat (cools) the conductive plate 7 connected so that a current flows from the n-type semiconductor 5 to the p-type semiconductor 6, and the opposite side dissipates heat. (Heated). Therefore, in a state where the first surface 1A is cooled, it is necessary for all the conductive plates 7A on the first surface 1A to flow current from the n-type semiconductor 5 to the p-type semiconductor 6. In order to realize this, all the conductive plates 7A on the first surface 1A are connected so that current flows in the same direction between the p-type semiconductor 6 and the n-type semiconductor 5, and all the conductive plates 7A are connected. Absorbs heat or dissipates heat.

第１表面１Ａの全ての導電プレート７Ａは、ペルチェ素子１を平面状とする状態で同一平面に位置する。また、第２表面１Ｂの全ての導電プレート７Ｂも、ペルチェ素子１を平面状とする状態で同一平面に位置する。同一平面に配設される第１表面１Ａにある全ての導電プレート７Ａには、絶縁シート８を積層している。同一平面に配設される第２表面１Ｂにある全ての導電プレート７Ｂにも、絶縁シート８を積層している。絶縁シート８には、優れた絶縁特性があって、熱伝導特性に優れ、しかも可撓性のあるシートが適している。絶縁シート８には、好ましくは熱伝導に優れた可撓性のシート、たとえばプラスチックシートを使用する。絶縁シート８は、隣に配置される導電プレート７を絶縁状態で連結して、ペルチェ素子１全体を可撓性のあるシート状としている。   All the conductive plates 7A on the first surface 1A are located on the same plane with the Peltier element 1 in a planar shape. Further, all the conductive plates 7B on the second surface 1B are also located on the same plane in a state where the Peltier element 1 is planar. Insulating sheets 8 are laminated on all the conductive plates 7A on the first surface 1A arranged in the same plane. The insulating sheet 8 is also laminated on all the conductive plates 7B on the second surface 1B arranged on the same plane. As the insulating sheet 8, a sheet having excellent insulating characteristics, excellent heat conduction characteristics, and flexibility is suitable. The insulating sheet 8 is preferably a flexible sheet excellent in heat conduction, such as a plastic sheet. The insulating sheet 8 connects the conductive plates 7 arranged adjacent to each other in an insulating state, so that the entire Peltier element 1 has a flexible sheet shape.

隣接して配置される導電プレート７は同電位でない。図７のペルチェ素子１は、全てのｐ型半導体６とｎ型半導体５を、導電プレート７を介して互いに直列に接続している。このため、隣接する導電プレート７が互いに接触すると、電流がバイパスされて、全てのｐ型半導体６とｎ型半導体５に通電できなくなる。したがって、縦横に配設している全てのｐ型半導体６とｎ型半導体５は、互いに絶縁して配置され、さらにこれを接続する導電プレート７も隣のものから絶縁される。第１表面１Ａと第２表面１Ｂの導電プレート７を絶縁シート８に積層して接着する構造は、絶縁シート８でｐ型半導体６とｎ型半導体５を絶縁位置に配置しながら、導電プレート７を絶縁状態で連結できる。   Adjacent conductive plates 7 are not at the same potential. In the Peltier device 1 of FIG. 7, all p-type semiconductors 6 and n-type semiconductors 5 are connected in series with each other via a conductive plate 7. For this reason, when the adjacent conductive plates 7 come into contact with each other, the current is bypassed, and all the p-type semiconductor 6 and the n-type semiconductor 5 cannot be energized. Accordingly, all the p-type semiconductor 6 and the n-type semiconductor 5 arranged vertically and horizontally are insulated from each other, and the conductive plate 7 connecting them is also insulated from the adjacent one. The structure in which the conductive plates 7 of the first surface 1A and the second surface 1B are laminated and bonded to the insulating sheet 8 is such that the p-type semiconductor 6 and the n-type semiconductor 5 are arranged at the insulating positions on the insulating sheet 8 while the conductive plate 7 Can be connected in an insulated state.

以上の構造のペルチェ素子１は、２枚の絶縁シート８の間に、導電プレート７で直列に接続している多数のｐ型半導体６とｎ型半導体５を配設して、全体を可撓性のあるシート状とする。シート状のペルチェ素子１は、図９に示すように、両側に折曲片９を設けると共に、全体を二次電池２に巻き付けて、電池の表面に接触して固定される。   In the Peltier element 1 having the above structure, a large number of p-type semiconductors 6 and n-type semiconductors 5 connected in series by a conductive plate 7 are disposed between two insulating sheets 8 so as to be flexible as a whole. It is made into a sheet form. As shown in FIG. 9, the sheet-like Peltier element 1 is provided with bent pieces 9 on both sides, and the whole is wound around the secondary battery 2 and fixed in contact with the surface of the battery.

図２に示す電源装置は、制御回路３が、二次電池２の温度を温度センサー１２で検出する。制御回路３は、検出温度が最低温度よりも低くなると、ペルチェ素子１に通電して二次電池２を加温する。このとき、ペルチェ素子１は、二次電池２との接触面が加熱される方向に通電する。二次電池２の温度が設定温度まで上昇すると、制御回路３はペルチェ素子１の通電を遮断する。また、制御回路３は、検出温度が最高温度よりも高くなると、ペルチェ素子１に通電して二次電池２を冷却する。このとき、ペルチェ素子１は、二次電池２との接触面が冷却される方向に通電する。二次電池２の温度が設定温度まで低下すると、制御回路３はペルチェ素子１の通電を遮断する。制御回路３は、二次電池２を電源としてペルチェ素子１に通電し、あるいは外部電源から供給される電力でペルチェ素子１に通電する。   In the power supply device shown in FIG. 2, the control circuit 3 detects the temperature of the secondary battery 2 with the temperature sensor 12. When the detected temperature becomes lower than the minimum temperature, the control circuit 3 energizes the Peltier element 1 to heat the secondary battery 2. At this time, the Peltier device 1 is energized in the direction in which the contact surface with the secondary battery 2 is heated. When the temperature of the secondary battery 2 rises to the set temperature, the control circuit 3 cuts off the energization of the Peltier element 1. When the detected temperature becomes higher than the maximum temperature, the control circuit 3 energizes the Peltier element 1 to cool the secondary battery 2. At this time, the Peltier device 1 is energized in a direction in which the contact surface with the secondary battery 2 is cooled. When the temperature of the secondary battery 2 decreases to the set temperature, the control circuit 3 cuts off the energization of the Peltier element 1. The control circuit 3 energizes the Peltier element 1 with the secondary battery 2 as a power source, or energizes the Peltier element 1 with electric power supplied from an external power source.

ペルチェ素子１に通電して、二次電池２を加温するとき、ペルチェ素子１の内面である電池との対向面は加熱されて、外側面は冷却される。この状態において、ペルチェ素子１の外側面に熱エネルギーを供給するために、ケース４内に外気を換気して、空気の熱をペルチェ素子１の外側面に供給し、あるいはケース４を介してペルチェ素子１の外側面に熱エネルギーを供給する。また、ペルチェ素子１に通電して、二次電池２を冷却するとき、ペルチェ素子１の内面である電池との対向面は冷却されて、外側面は加熱される。この状態において、ペルチェ素子１の外側面を冷却するために、ケース４内に外気を換気して、ペルチェ素子１の熱を空気中に放熱し、あるいはケース４を介してペルチェ素子１の外側面の熱を放熱させる。   When energizing the Peltier element 1 to heat the secondary battery 2, the surface facing the battery, which is the inner surface of the Peltier element 1, is heated and the outer surface is cooled. In this state, in order to supply heat energy to the outer surface of the Peltier element 1, the outside air is ventilated in the case 4, and the heat of the air is supplied to the outer surface of the Peltier element 1, or through the case 4, Thermal energy is supplied to the outer surface of the element 1. Further, when the secondary battery 2 is cooled by energizing the Peltier element 1, the surface facing the battery, which is the inner surface of the Peltier element 1, is cooled and the outer surface is heated. In this state, in order to cool the outer surface of the Peltier element 1, the outside air is ventilated in the case 4, and the heat of the Peltier element 1 is radiated into the air, or the outer surface of the Peltier element 1 is passed through the case 4. Dissipate the heat.

ペルチェ素子の動作原理を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the principle of operation of a Peltier device. 本発明の一実施例にかかる電源装置の概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing of the power supply device concerning one Example of this invention. 本発明の一実施例にかかる電源装置の一部分解斜視図である。It is a partial exploded perspective view of the power supply device concerning one Example of this invention. 図３に示す電源装置の分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view of the power supply device shown in FIG. ペルチェ素子を曲げる状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the state which bends a Peltier device. 本発明の他の実施例にかかる電源装置の概略図である。It is the schematic of the power supply device concerning the other Example of this invention. ペルチェ素子の構造を示す概略斜視図である。It is a schematic perspective view which shows the structure of a Peltier device. ペルチェ素子の構造を示す概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the structure of a Peltier device. 図５に示すペルチェ素子を広げた状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the state which extended the Peltier device shown in FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１…ペルチェ素子 １Ａ…第１表面 １Ｂ…第２表面
２…二次電池
３…制御回路
４…ケース
５…ｎ型半導体
６…ｐ型半導体
７…導電プレート ７Ａ…導電プレート ７Ｂ…導電プレート
８…絶縁シート
９…折曲片
１０…止ネジ
１１…ネジ穴
１２…温度センサー
２１…ペルチェ素子
２５…ｎ型半導体
２６…ｐ型半導体
２７…金属プレート
２８…金属プレート DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Peltier device 1A ... 1st surface 1B ... 2nd surface 2 ... Secondary battery 3 ... Control circuit 4 ... Case 5 ... n-type semiconductor 6 ... p-type semiconductor 7 ... Conductive plate 7A ... Conductive plate 7B ... Conductive plate 8 ... Insulating sheet 9 ... Bending piece 10 ... Set screw 11 ... Screw hole 12 ... Temperature sensor 21 ... Peltier element 25 ... N-type semiconductor 26 ... P-type semiconductor 27 ... Metal plate 28 ... Metal plate

Claims (4)

二次電池(2)と、二次電池(2)の表面に接触されて二次電池(2)を冷却又は加温するペルチェ素子(1)と、このペルチェ素子(1)の通電状態と通電方向をコントロールする制御回路(3)とを備える電源装置であって、
ペルチェ素子(1)が、複数のｎ型半導体(5)とｐ型半導体(6)を隣接して配設して、隣接して配設されるｎ型半導体(5)とｐ型半導体(6)の両面を可撓性のある導電プレート(7)で電気接続して、ペルチェ素子(1)を可撓性のあるプレート状として、二次電池(2)の表面に面接触状態で配設している電源装置。 The secondary battery (2), the Peltier element (1) that is in contact with the surface of the secondary battery (2) to cool or heat the secondary battery (2), and the energization state and energization of the Peltier element (1) A power supply device comprising a control circuit (3) for controlling the direction,
The Peltier element (1) includes a plurality of n-type semiconductors (5) and p-type semiconductors (6) disposed adjacent to each other, and the n-type semiconductor (5) and p-type semiconductor (6) disposed adjacent to each other. ) Are electrically connected by a flexible conductive plate (7), and the Peltier element (1) is arranged in a flexible plate shape on the surface of the secondary battery (2) in surface contact. Power supply. ｎ型半導体(5)とｐ型半導体(6)とを電気接続する可撓性のある導電プレート(7)が導電性プラスチックである請求項１に記載される電源装置。   The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the flexible conductive plate (7) for electrically connecting the n-type semiconductor (5) and the p-type semiconductor (6) is a conductive plastic. 可撓性のある導電プレート(7)の表面に絶縁シート(8)を積層している請求項１に記載される電源装置。   The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein an insulating sheet (8) is laminated on a surface of the flexible conductive plate (7). 二次電池(2)が円筒型電池で、可撓性のあるプレート状のペルチェ素子(1)を円筒型電池の表面に配設している請求項１に記載される電源装置。
The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the secondary battery (2) is a cylindrical battery, and a flexible plate-like Peltier element (1) is disposed on the surface of the cylindrical battery.
JP2004314909A 2004-10-29 2004-10-29 Power supply device Pending JP2006127920A (en)

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