JP2006126024A - Manufacturing method of encoder - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of encoder Download PDF

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JP2006126024A
JP2006126024A JP2004315364A JP2004315364A JP2006126024A JP 2006126024 A JP2006126024 A JP 2006126024A JP 2004315364 A JP2004315364 A JP 2004315364A JP 2004315364 A JP2004315364 A JP 2004315364A JP 2006126024 A JP2006126024 A JP 2006126024A
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encoder
circumference
unequal pitch
magnetized
pitch
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Mamoru Ishikawa
守 石川
Naoto Kobayashi
直人 小林
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Nok Corp
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Nok Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily manufacture an encoder having an unequal pitch section 5 where both poles 2 and 3 of a magnet are arranged at an equal pitch alternately in the circumferential direction and the unequal pitch section 5 is disposed in a part on the circumference, without using a magnetic head or the like having the unequal pitch section and a special shape. <P>SOLUTION: A first process of magnetizing both poles 2 and 3 of the magnet to a magnetic section 1 over the whole circumference at the equal pitch is performed. Then, a second process of forming the unequal pitch section 5 by making a ferromagnetic body 4 approach the part on the circumference of the magnetic section 1 is performed. In the first process, a general-purpose type head having no unequal pitch section can be used as the magnetic head. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、磁気センサーと組み合わされて、回転軸等の回転部品の回転数や回転角度等を検出するために用いられるエンコーダーの製造方法に関するものである。また、本発明によって製造されるエンコーダーは、自動車関連分野をはじめとして、エンジン等の回転部分を有し、その角度位置を特定する必要がある機械類、装置類に広く用いられる。   The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an encoder that is used in combination with a magnetic sensor to detect the number of rotations and the rotation angle of a rotating component such as a rotating shaft. The encoder manufactured by the present invention is widely used in machinery and devices that have a rotating part such as an engine and the like and need to specify the angular position thereof, including in the field of automobiles.

従来から、図3に示すように、磁石のN極52およびS極53を円周方向交互に等ピッチで配置してなるエンコーダー(磁気エンコーダー)51が知られており、更に例えば回転軸の角度位置を特定する必要があるエンジン用のエンコーダー51等においては、その角度位置を特定するために、円周上の一部に円周上の基準点となる不等ピッチ部分54が設けられている。   Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 3, an encoder (magnetic encoder) 51 in which N poles 52 and S poles 53 of magnets are alternately arranged at equal pitches in the circumferential direction is known. In an encoder 51 or the like for an engine whose position needs to be specified, an unequal pitch portion 54 serving as a reference point on the circumference is provided on a part of the circumference in order to specify the angular position. .

しかしながら、従来は、エンコーダー51に上記不等ピッチ部分54を形成すべく、磁性付与部の円周上一部に不等ピッチ部を備えた特殊形状の着磁ヘッドを用いてエンコーダー51を製造していることから、着磁ヘッドが専用仕様のものとなり、よってこの専用仕様の着磁ヘッドをエンコーダー51の品目毎に製作しなければならない不都合がある。上記不等ピッチ部を備えた特殊形状の着磁ヘッドは、その形状が複雑であり、高価でもある。   However, conventionally, in order to form the unequal pitch portion 54 in the encoder 51, the encoder 51 is manufactured using a magnetized head having a special shape having an unequal pitch portion on a part of the circumference of the magnetism imparting portion. For this reason, the magnetizing head has a special specification. Therefore, there is a disadvantage that the special specification magnetizing head must be manufactured for each encoder 51 item. The specially shaped magnetized head having the unequal pitch portions has a complicated shape and is expensive.

また、本発明に対する他の従来技術として、下記特許文献1に、環状の支持部材およびこれの周方向に沿って貼り付けられた少なくとも1つの帯状着磁体よりなり、着磁体の互いに対向した端部磁極が同じ極とされるとともに着磁体の突き合わせ部に隙間が形成されることにより出力信号のピーク部に小ボトム値が存在する基準位置信号用被検出部がリングの周上の少なくとも1カ所に形成されたエンコーダー(パルサーリング)が掲載されているが、この公報掲載の従来技術も、不等ピッチ部を備えた特殊形状の着磁ヘッドを用いなければならないことに何ら変わりはない。   Further, as another prior art to the present invention, the following Patent Document 1 includes an annular support member and at least one belt-like magnet attached along the circumferential direction thereof, and end portions of the magnetized body facing each other. Since the magnetic poles are the same and a gap is formed at the butting portion of the magnetized body, the detected portion for the reference position signal having a small bottom value at the peak portion of the output signal is at least at one location on the circumference of the ring Although the formed encoder (pulsar ring) is described, the prior art disclosed in this publication also has no change in that a specially shaped magnetized head having unequal pitch portions must be used.

特開2003−270258号公報JP 2003-270258 A

本発明は以上の点に鑑みて、上記不等ピッチ部を備えた特殊形状の着磁ヘッド等を用いなくても、不等ピッチ部分を備えたエンコーダーを容易に製造することができるエンコーダーの製造方法を提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above, the present invention provides an encoder that can easily manufacture an encoder having an unequal pitch portion without using a specially shaped magnetized head having the unequal pitch portion. It aims to provide a method.

上記目的を達成するため、本発明の請求項1によるエンコーダーの製造方法は、エンコーダーの着磁部に磁石の両極を円周方向交互に等ピッチで配置するとともに円周上一部に不等ピッチ部分を設けたエンコーダーの製造方法において、前記着磁部に磁石の両極を全周に亙って等ピッチで着磁する工程と、その後、前記着磁部の円周上一部に強磁性体を近付けることにより前記不等ピッチ部分を形成する工程とを有することを特徴とするものである。   In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an encoder manufacturing method in which both poles of a magnet are alternately arranged at equal pitches in the circumferential direction on a magnetized portion of the encoder and at an irregular pitch on a part of the circumference. In a method of manufacturing an encoder having a portion, a step of magnetizing both poles of the magnet at an equal pitch over the entire circumference in the magnetized portion, and then a ferromagnetic material on a part of the circumference of the magnetized portion And the step of forming the unequal pitch portions by bringing them closer to each other.

また、本発明の請求項2によるエンコーダーの製造方法は、エンコーダーの着磁部に磁石の両極を円周方向交互に等ピッチで配置するとともに円周上一部に不等ピッチ部分を設けたエンコーダーの製造方法において、前記着磁部に磁石の両極を全周に亙って等ピッチで着磁する工程と、その後、前記着磁部の円周上一部に電磁コイルを近付けて高周波電流を流すことにより前記不等ピッチ部分を形成する工程とを有することを特徴とするものである。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an encoder manufacturing method in which both poles of a magnet are alternately arranged at equal pitches in the circumferential direction on a magnetized portion of the encoder, and an unequal pitch portion is provided on a part of the circumference. In the manufacturing method, a step of magnetizing both poles of the magnet to the magnetized portion at an equal pitch over the entire circumference, and then bringing an electromagnetic coil close to a part of the circumference of the magnetized portion to generate a high-frequency current. And the step of forming the unequal pitch portion by flowing.

上記構成を備えた本発明の請求項1による製造方法においては、先ず、エンコーダーの着磁部に磁石の両極を全周に亙って等ピッチで着磁する第一工程が実施され、その後、着磁部の円周上一部に強磁性体を近付けることにより不等ピッチ部分を形成する第二工程が実施される。第二工程において、着磁部の円周上一部に強磁性体を近付けると、強磁性体がその周りに備える磁場によって一部の着磁部の磁気特性が乱されることから、該部に不等ピッチ部分が形成されることになる。   In the manufacturing method according to claim 1 of the present invention having the above-described configuration, first, a first step of magnetizing both poles of the magnet at an equal pitch over the entire circumference is performed on the magnetized portion of the encoder. A second step of forming unequal pitch portions by bringing a ferromagnetic material close to a part of the circumference of the magnetized portion is performed. In the second step, when the ferromagnetic material is brought close to a part of the circumference of the magnetized portion, the magnetic properties of the magnetized portion are disturbed by the magnetic field provided around the ferromagnetic material. Thus, unequal pitch portions are formed.

また、上記構成を備えた本発明の請求項2による製造方法においては、先ず、エンコーダーの着磁部に磁石の両極を全周に亙って等ピッチで着磁する第一工程が実施され、その後、着磁部の円周上一部に電磁コイルを近付けて高周波電流を流すことにより不等ピッチ部分を形成する第二工程が実施される。第二工程において、着磁部の円周上一部に電磁コイルを近付けて高周波電流を流すと、コイルの周りに発生する磁場によって一部の着磁部の磁気特性が乱されることから、該部に不等ピッチ部分が形成されることになる。コイルを近付けるタイミングと電流を流し始めるタイミングはいずれが後先であっても良い。   In the manufacturing method according to claim 2 of the present invention having the above-described configuration, first, a first step of magnetizing both poles of the magnet at an equal pitch over the entire circumference is performed on the magnetized portion of the encoder, Thereafter, a second step of forming an unequal pitch portion by bringing the electromagnetic coil close to a part of the circumference of the magnetized portion and flowing a high-frequency current is performed. In the second step, when an electromagnetic coil is brought close to a part of the circumference of the magnetized portion and a high frequency current is passed, the magnetic characteristics of some magnetized portions are disturbed by the magnetic field generated around the coil. An unequal pitch portion is formed in the portion. Either the timing of approaching the coil or the timing of starting to flow current may be later.

尚、上記請求項1による製造方法および請求項2による製造方法に共通して、エンコーダーの着磁部は円筒状のものであっても良く、また平板環状のものであっても良い。すなわち、エンコーダーには、支持環の外周面または内周面に円筒状の着磁部を有し、この着磁部に対して磁気センサーを径方向に対向させる態様のものと、支持環の軸方向端面に平板環状の着磁部を有し、この着磁部に対して磁気センサーを軸方向に対向させる態様のものとがあるが、上記請求項1および2による製造方法はこれらのいずれの態様のものに対しても適用することが可能である。   In addition, in common with the manufacturing method according to the first aspect and the manufacturing method according to the second aspect, the magnetized portion of the encoder may be cylindrical or flat. That is, the encoder has a cylindrical magnetized portion on the outer peripheral surface or the inner peripheral surface of the support ring, and a configuration in which the magnetic sensor is opposed to the magnetized portion in the radial direction, and a shaft of the support ring There is a mode in which a flat plate-shaped magnetized portion is provided on the end surface in the direction and the magnetic sensor is opposed to the magnetized portion in the axial direction. The manufacturing method according to claims 1 and 2 is any one of these methods. It is possible to apply also to the aspect.

本発明は、以下の効果を奏する。   The present invention has the following effects.

すなわち、本発明の請求項1による製造方法においては、先ず、エンコーダーの着磁部に磁石の両極を全周に亙って等ピッチで着磁する工程が実施されることから、このとき用いる着磁ヘッドとしては、不等ピッチ部を有さない汎用型の着磁ヘッド等を用いて着磁工程を実施することが可能となる。したがって、不等ピッチ部を備えた特殊形状の着磁ヘッドを品目毎に用意する手間とコストを削減することができる。また、不等ピッチ部分を形成するに際しては、着磁部の円周上一部に強磁性体を近付けるのみで良いことから、極めて容易にかつ精度良く不等ピッチ部分を形成することができる。   That is, in the manufacturing method according to claim 1 of the present invention, first, a step of magnetizing both poles of the magnet at an equal pitch over the entire circumference is performed on the magnetized portion of the encoder. As the magnetic head, a magnetizing step can be performed using a general-purpose magnetizing head or the like that does not have an unequal pitch portion. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the labor and cost of preparing a specially shaped magnetized head having unequal pitch portions for each item. Further, when forming the unequal pitch portion, it is only necessary to bring the ferromagnetic material close to a part of the circumference of the magnetized portion, so that the unequal pitch portion can be formed extremely easily and accurately.

また、本発明の請求項2による製造方法においては、先ず、着磁部に磁石の両極を全周に亙って等ピッチで着磁する工程が実施されることから、このとき用いる着磁ヘッドとしては、不等ピッチ部を有さない汎用型の着磁ヘッド等を用いて着磁工程を実施することが可能となる。したがって、不等ピッチ部を備えた特殊形状の着磁ヘッドを品目毎に用意する手間とコストを削減することができる。また、不等ピッチ部分を形成するに際しては、着磁部の円周上一部に電磁コイルを近付けて高周波電流を流すのみで良いことから、極めて容易にかつ精度良く不等ピッチ部分を形成することができる。   In the manufacturing method according to claim 2 of the present invention, first, a step of magnetizing both poles of the magnet at an equal pitch over the entire circumference is performed on the magnetized portion. As a result, the magnetizing step can be performed using a general-purpose magnetizing head or the like that does not have unequal pitch portions. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the labor and cost of preparing a specially shaped magnetized head having unequal pitch portions for each item. Further, when forming the unequal pitch portion, it is only necessary to bring the electromagnetic coil close to a part of the circumference of the magnetized portion and flow a high-frequency current. be able to.

エンコーダー(磁気エンコーダー)は一般に、支持環と、この支持環に被着された円筒状ないし環状の着磁部とを有しており、着磁部に磁石のN極およびS極が円周方向交互に等ピッチで配置されるとともに円周上一部に不等ピッチ部分が設けられている。着磁部は、磁性粉末を混入したゴム状弾性材料等によって形成されており、これが支持環の周面または端面に被着されている。   An encoder (magnetic encoder) generally has a support ring and a cylindrical or annular magnetized portion attached to the support ring, and the N and S poles of the magnet are circumferential in the magnetized portion. They are alternately arranged at an equal pitch, and unequal pitch portions are provided on a part of the circumference. The magnetized portion is formed of a rubber-like elastic material mixed with magnetic powder, and is attached to the peripheral surface or end surface of the support ring.

つぎに本発明の実施例を図面にしたがって説明する。図において、エンコーダーの着磁部1は、これを平面状に展開した状態を示している。   Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the figure, the magnetized portion 1 of the encoder shows a state where it is developed in a planar shape.

第一実施例・・・
上記請求項1に対応する、図1に示す第一実施例においては、先ず同図(A)に示すように、公知のヘッド方式またはインデックス方式等よりなる着磁手段によってエンコーダーの着磁部1に磁石のN極2およびS極3を円周方向(図上左右方向)交互にかつ全周に亙って等ピッチで着磁する第一工程を実施する。
First embodiment ...
In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 corresponding to the first aspect, first, as shown in FIG. 1A, the magnetized portion 1 of the encoder is formed by a magnetizing means comprising a known head system or index system. The first step of magnetizing the N pole 2 and the S pole 3 of the magnet alternately in the circumferential direction (left and right direction in the figure) at an equal pitch over the entire circumference is performed.

次いで、エンコーダーの磁石の磁場の大きさと強磁性体の磁場の大きさとが同じになるようにして、同図(B)に示すように、着磁部1の円周上一部に強磁性体4を近付けることによって着磁部1の被近接部に不等ピッチ部分5を形成する第二工程を実施する。   Next, the magnitude of the magnetic field of the magnet of the encoder and the magnitude of the magnetic field of the ferromagnetic material are the same, and as shown in FIG. The second step of forming the unequal pitch portion 5 in the adjacent portion of the magnetized portion 1 by moving 4 close is performed.

図では、不等ピッチ部分5は、加工前に「N極、S極およびN極」と並んだ両極2,3の1.5ピッチ分の部位に設定され、この1.5ピッチ分の被加工部位に、先端にN極を備えた強磁性体(強磁石)4を近付けると、強磁性体4がその周りに備える磁場によって被加工部の磁気特性が乱され、該被加工部に不等ピッチ部分5が形成される。不等ピッチ部分5はN極の特性を備えることになり、図上グラフに実線で示すように、完全にN極化されることが理想であるが、鎖線で示すように、特性に多少の乱れ(特性ラインの凹み)が残るのはやむを得ない。   In the figure, the unequal pitch portion 5 is set at a portion corresponding to 1.5 pitches of the two poles 2 and 3 aligned with the “N pole, S pole and N pole” before processing. When a ferromagnetic material (strong magnet) 4 having an N pole at the tip is brought close to the processing site, the magnetic characteristics of the processed portion are disturbed by the magnetic field provided around the ferromagnetic material 4, and the processed portion is unaffected. An equal pitch portion 5 is formed. The unequal pitch portion 5 has the characteristics of N pole, and it is ideal that it is completely N pole as shown by the solid line in the graph. It is inevitable that the disturbance (depression of the characteristic line) remains.

第二実施例・・・
上記請求項2に対応する、図2に示す第二実施例においては、先ず同図(A)に示すように、公知のヘッド方式またはインデックス方式等よりなる着磁手段によってエンコーダーの着磁部1に磁石のN極2およびS極3を円周方向(図上左右方向)交互にかつ全周に亙って等ピッチで着磁する第一工程を実施する。
Second embodiment ...
In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 corresponding to the second aspect of the invention, first, as shown in FIG. 2A, the magnetized portion 1 of the encoder is formed by a magnetizing means comprising a known head system or index system. The first step of magnetizing the N pole 2 and the S pole 3 of the magnet alternately in the circumferential direction (left and right direction in the figure) at an equal pitch over the entire circumference is performed.

次いで、同図(B)に示すように、着磁部1の円周上一部に電磁コイル6を近付けて高周波電流を流すことによって着磁部1の被近接部に不等ピッチ部分5を形成する第二工程を実施する。加工のメカニズムは、磁気テープにおける消音のメカニズムと同じである。   Next, as shown in FIG. 5B, the unequal pitch portion 5 is formed on the adjacent portion of the magnetized portion 1 by causing the electromagnetic coil 6 to approach a part of the circumference of the magnetized portion 1 and causing a high-frequency current to flow. The 2nd process to form is implemented. The processing mechanism is the same as the mute mechanism in magnetic tape.

図では、不等ピッチ部分5は、加工前に「S極およびN極」と並んだ両極2,3の1ピッチ分の部位に設定され、この1ピッチ分の被加工部位に電磁コイル6を近付けて高周波電流を流すと、コイル6の周りに発生する磁場によって被加工部の磁気特性が乱され、該被加工部に不等ピッチ部分5が形成される。不等ピッチ部分5は、図上グラフに太線で示すように、消磁されることになる。   In the figure, the unequal pitch portion 5 is set to a portion corresponding to one pitch of both poles 2 and 3 aligned with the “S pole and N pole” before machining, and the electromagnetic coil 6 is placed on the workpiece portion corresponding to this one pitch. When a high frequency current is applied close to the magnetic field, the magnetic characteristics of the processed part are disturbed by the magnetic field generated around the coil 6, and the unequal pitch portions 5 are formed in the processed part. The unequal pitch portion 5 is demagnetized as indicated by a thick line in the graph.

上記第一および第二実施例によればいずれも、ヘッド方式によって第一工程を実施する場合でも、着磁ヘッドとして不等ピッチ部を有さない汎用型の着磁ヘッド等を用いて着磁工程を実施することが可能となる。また、第二工程を実施する場合でも、着磁部1の被加工部位に強磁性体4を近付け、または電磁コイル6を近付けて高周波電流を流すのみにて、極めて容易にかつ精度良く不等ピッチ部分5を形成することができる。   According to both the first and second embodiments, even when the first step is performed by the head method, the magnetizing head is magnetized using a general-purpose magnetizing head or the like that does not have an unequal pitch portion. The process can be performed. Further, even when the second step is performed, it is extremely easy and accurate with only high-frequency current flowing by bringing the ferromagnetic material 4 close to the part to be processed of the magnetized portion 1 or the electromagnetic coil 6 close. A pitch portion 5 can be formed.

本発明の第一実施例に係るエンコーダー製造方法の説明図Explanatory drawing of the encoder manufacturing method which concerns on 1st Example of this invention. 本発明の第二実施例に係るエンコーダー製造方法の説明図Explanatory drawing of the encoder manufacturing method which concerns on 2nd Example of this invention. エンコーダーの一般構造を示す説明図Explanatory drawing showing the general structure of the encoder

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 着磁部
2 N極
3 S極
4 強磁性体
5 不等ピッチ部分
6 電磁コイル
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Magnetization part 2 N pole 3 S pole 4 Ferromagnetic material 5 Unequal pitch part 6 Electromagnetic coil

Claims (2)

エンコーダーの着磁部(1)に磁石の両極(2)(3)を円周方向交互に等ピッチで配置するとともに円周上一部に不等ピッチ部分(5)を設けたエンコーダーの製造方法において、
前記着磁部(1)に磁石の両極(2)(3)を全周に亙って等ピッチで着磁する工程と、その後、前記着磁部(1)の円周上一部に強磁性体(4)を近付けることにより前記不等ピッチ部分(5)を形成する工程とを有することを特徴とするエンコーダーの製造方法。
Method for manufacturing an encoder in which magnet poles (2) and (3) are alternately arranged at equal pitches in the circumferential direction on the magnetized portion (1) of the encoder and an unequal pitch portion (5) is provided on a part of the circumference. In
A step of magnetizing the magnet poles (2) and (3) on the magnetized portion (1) at an equal pitch over the entire circumference, and then a strong force on a part of the circumference of the magnetized portion (1). And a step of forming the unequal pitch portion (5) by bringing the magnetic body (4) closer to the encoder.
エンコーダーの着磁部(1)に磁石の両極(2)(3)を円周方向交互に等ピッチで配置するとともに円周上一部に不等ピッチ部分(5)を設けたエンコーダーの製造方法において、
前記着磁部(1)に磁石の両極(2)(3)を全周に亙って等ピッチで着磁する工程と、その後、前記着磁部(1)の円周上一部に電磁コイル(6)を近付けて高周波電流を流すことにより前記不等ピッチ部分(5)を形成する工程とを有することを特徴とするエンコーダーの製造方法。
Method for manufacturing an encoder in which magnet poles (2) and (3) are alternately arranged at equal pitches in the circumferential direction on the magnetized portion (1) of the encoder and an unequal pitch portion (5) is provided on a part of the circumference. In
Magnetizing both poles (2) and (3) of the magnet on the magnetized portion (1) at an equal pitch over the entire circumference, and then electromagnetically forming part of the circumference of the magnetized portion (1) on the circumference A method of manufacturing an encoder, comprising: forming the unequal pitch portion (5) by causing a coil (6) to approach and causing a high-frequency current to flow.
JP2004315364A 2004-10-29 2004-10-29 Manufacturing method of encoder Withdrawn JP2006126024A (en)

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