JP2006125665A - Air conditioning device - Google Patents

Air conditioning device Download PDF

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JP2006125665A
JP2006125665A JP2004310799A JP2004310799A JP2006125665A JP 2006125665 A JP2006125665 A JP 2006125665A JP 2004310799 A JP2004310799 A JP 2004310799A JP 2004310799 A JP2004310799 A JP 2004310799A JP 2006125665 A JP2006125665 A JP 2006125665A
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compressor
outdoor unit
receiver tank
outdoor
pipe
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JP4675083B2 (en
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Taku Sekine
卓 関根
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
    • F25B2313/0253—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in parallel arrangements

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  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air conditioning device capable of preventing stagnation of liquid refrigerant into a receiver tank without mounting a cutoff valve between the receiver tank of an outdoor unit and a liquid pipe. <P>SOLUTION: Bypass pipes 22A, 22B respectively connecting discharge pipes 21A, 21B of compressors A, B, C and the receiver tanks 16A, 16B through control valves 25A, 25B are mounted in the outdoor units 1A, 1B. When an outside air temperature is low in a cooling operation, the control valve 25B in the outdoor unit 1B during the stop of operation is controlled to be opened, the compressor C in the outdoor unit 1B is intermittently operated or operated with low capacity, and a discharged refrigerant of the compressor C in the outdoor unit 1B is sent to the receiver tank 16B through the bypass pipe 22B to prevent the stagnation of the liquid refrigerant into the receiver tank 16B. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、圧縮機、室外熱交換器及びレシーバタンクを収納する複数台の室外ユニットと、室内熱交換器を収納する一又は複数台の室内ユニットとをガス管及び液管で接続した空気調和装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an air conditioner in which a plurality of outdoor units that store a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a receiver tank and one or a plurality of indoor units that store an indoor heat exchanger are connected by a gas pipe and a liquid pipe. Relates to the device.

従来より、複数台の室外ユニットと、一又は複数台の室内ユニットとをガス管及び液管で接続し、空調負荷に応じて室外ユニットの運転台数を変更する空気調和装置が知られている（例えば、特許文献１）。この種の空気調和装置では、室外ユニット内の液管にレシーバタンクを配置し、このレシーバタンクに冷媒回路中の余剰冷媒を貯留するようにしたものがある。この場合、レシーバタンクと液管との間に、当該室外ユニットの運転停止時に他の室外ユニットからの液冷媒が逆流して、レシーバタンクに寝込まないようにするための遮断弁を設けたものが提案されている。
特許第３２２９６４８号公報 Conventionally, an air conditioner is known in which a plurality of outdoor units and one or a plurality of indoor units are connected by gas pipes and liquid pipes, and the number of operating outdoor units is changed according to the air conditioning load ( For example, Patent Document 1). In this type of air conditioner, there is a type in which a receiver tank is disposed in a liquid pipe in an outdoor unit, and excess refrigerant in a refrigerant circuit is stored in the receiver tank. In this case, a shutoff valve is provided between the receiver tank and the liquid pipe to prevent liquid refrigerant from other outdoor units from flowing back and sleeping in the receiver tank when the operation of the outdoor unit is stopped. Has been proposed.
Japanese Patent No. 3229648

しかし、従来の構成では、レシーバタンクに冷媒が寝込むのを防止するため、余分な遮断弁を設けなくてはならないという問題があった。   However, the conventional configuration has a problem that an extra shut-off valve must be provided to prevent the refrigerant from sleeping in the receiver tank.

そこで、本発明の目的は、室外ユニットのレシーバタンクと液管との間に遮断弁を設けることなく、レシーバタンク内への液冷媒の寝込みを防止することができる空気調和装置を提供することを目的としている。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner that can prevent liquid refrigerant from stagnating in the receiver tank without providing a shut-off valve between the receiver tank and the liquid pipe of the outdoor unit. It is aimed.

上述した課題を解決するため、本発明は、圧縮機、室外熱交換器及びレシーバタンクを収納する複数台の室外ユニットと、室内熱交換器を収納する一又は複数台の室内ユニットとをガス管及び液管で接続した空気調和装置において、前記室外ユニットに、前記圧縮機の吐出管と前記レシーバタンクとの間を制御弁を介して接続するバイパス管を設け、冷房運転時に外気温度が低い場合、運転停止中の停止室外ユニット内の前記制御弁を開状態に制御して、前記停止室外ユニット内の圧縮機を間欠運転或いは低能力で運転し、前記停止室外ユニット内の圧縮機の吐出冷媒を、前記バイパス管を介して前記レシーバタンク内に送り込み、前記レシーバタンク内への液冷媒の寝込みを防止する制御手段を備えることを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a gas pipe comprising a plurality of outdoor units that store a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a receiver tank, and one or a plurality of indoor units that store an indoor heat exchanger. In the air conditioner connected with the liquid pipe, the outdoor unit is provided with a bypass pipe that connects the discharge pipe of the compressor and the receiver tank via a control valve, and the outside air temperature is low during the cooling operation. The control valve in the stopped outdoor unit during operation stop is controlled to open, the compressor in the stopped outdoor unit is operated intermittently or with low capacity, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor in the stopped outdoor unit Is provided to the receiver tank through the bypass pipe, and control means for preventing liquid refrigerant from sleeping in the receiver tank is provided.

また、本発明は、圧縮機、室外熱交換器及びレシーバタンクを収納する複数台の室外ユニットと、室内熱交換器を収納する一又は複数台の室内ユニットとをガス管及び液管で接続した空気調和装置において、前記室外ユニットに、前記圧縮機の吐出管と前記レシーバタンクとの間を制御弁を介して接続するバイパス管を設け、冷房運転時に当該運転時の循環冷媒のガス欠を検知した場合、運転停止中の停止室外ユニット内の前記制御弁を開状態に制御して、前記停止室外ユニット内の圧縮機を間欠運転或いは低能力で運転し、前記停止室外ユニット内の圧縮機の吐出冷媒を、前記バイパス管を介して前記レシーバタンク内に送り込み、前記レシーバタンク内への液冷媒の寝込みを防止する制御手段を備えることを特徴とする。   In the present invention, a plurality of outdoor units that store a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a receiver tank, and one or a plurality of indoor units that store an indoor heat exchanger are connected by a gas pipe and a liquid pipe. In the air conditioner, the outdoor unit is provided with a bypass pipe that connects the discharge pipe of the compressor and the receiver tank via a control valve, and detects a lack of circulating refrigerant during the cooling operation. When the operation is stopped, the control valve in the stop outdoor unit during operation stop is controlled to be opened, the compressor in the stop outdoor unit is operated intermittently or with low capacity, and the compressor in the stop outdoor unit is operated. The discharge refrigerant is fed into the receiver tank via the bypass pipe, and control means for preventing the liquid refrigerant from stagnating in the receiver tank is provided.

また、本発明は、上記構成において、前記制御手段は、前記室内ユニットの吹出空気の温度を測定するセンサを備え、このセンサの測定結果に基づいて運転時の循環冷媒のガス欠を検知することを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、上記構成において、前記制御弁は、運転時の循環冷媒のガス欠が検知された場合に開状態に制御され、運転中の室外ユニット内の圧縮機の吐出冷媒を、前記バイパス管を介して前記レシーバタンク内に送り込み、前記レシーバタンク内の液冷媒を液管側に追い出すことを特徴とする。 Further, according to the present invention, in the above configuration, the control means includes a sensor that measures a temperature of the air blown from the indoor unit, and detects a lack of circulating refrigerant during operation based on a measurement result of the sensor. It is characterized by.
Further, the present invention is the above configuration, wherein the control valve is controlled to be open when a lack of circulating refrigerant is detected during operation, and the discharge refrigerant of the compressor in the outdoor unit during operation is The liquid refrigerant is fed into the receiver tank through a bypass pipe, and the liquid refrigerant in the receiver tank is expelled to the liquid pipe side.

本発明は、冷房運転時に外気温度が低い場合、停止室外ユニット内の制御弁を開状態に制御して、運転停止中の停止室外ユニット内の圧縮機を間欠運転或いは低能力で運転し、停止室外ユニット内の圧縮機の吐出冷媒を、バイパス管を介してレシーバタンク内に送り込んでレシーバタンク内への液冷媒の寝込みを防止するため、室外ユニットのレシーバタンクと液管との間に遮断弁を設けることなく、レシーバタンク内への液冷媒の寝込みを防止することができる。   In the present invention, when the outside air temperature is low during the cooling operation, the control valve in the stop outdoor unit is controlled to be in an open state, and the compressor in the stop outdoor unit in the operation stop is operated intermittently or with low capacity, and stopped. A shutoff valve between the receiver tank and the liquid pipe of the outdoor unit in order to prevent the refrigerant discharged from the compressor in the outdoor unit into the receiver tank via the bypass pipe and prevent the liquid refrigerant from entering the receiver tank. It is possible to prevent stagnation of the liquid refrigerant into the receiver tank without providing the.

以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態を詳述する。
図１は、本発明の実施形態に係る空気調和装置１の回路図である。
この空気調和装置１は、ガス管５及び液管７を備えてなるユニット間配管９に、室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂが並列に接続されると共に、室内ユニット３Ａ、３Ｂが並列に接続されて構成される。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an air conditioner 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
This air conditioner 1 is configured such that an outdoor unit 1A, 1B is connected in parallel to an inter-unit pipe 9 including a gas pipe 5 and a liquid pipe 7, and indoor units 3A, 3B are connected in parallel. The

室外ユニット１Ａは、能力一定型の圧縮機（ＡＣ圧縮機）Ａと、能力可変型の圧縮機（ＤＣインバータ圧縮機）Ｂとを備え、圧縮機Ａ、Ｂは並列接続され、圧縮機Ａ、Ｂの吸込側には吸込管２０Ａが接続され、この吸込管２０Ａにはアキュムレータ１１Ａが接続され、吐出側には吐出管２１Ａが接続され、この吐出管２１Ａにはオイルセパレータ１２Ａを介して四方弁１３Ａが接続される。さらに、四方弁１３Ａに接続された室外冷媒配管１８Ａには、室外熱交換器１４Ａ、室外膨張弁１５Ａ及びレシーバタンク１６Ａが順次接続される。
また、室外ユニット１Ａは、吐出管２１Ａとレシーバタンク１６Ａの上部とを接続するバイパス管２２Ａを備え、このバイパス管２２Ａには制御弁２５Ａが設けられる。この制御弁２５Ａは、例えば、常閉型の電磁弁が適用される。室外熱交換器１４Ａには、この室外熱交換器１４Ａへ送風する室外ファン１７Ａが隣接して配置されている。 The outdoor unit 1A includes a constant capacity type compressor (AC compressor) A and a variable capacity type compressor (DC inverter compressor) B. The compressors A and B are connected in parallel. A suction pipe 20A is connected to the B suction side, an accumulator 11A is connected to the suction pipe 20A, a discharge pipe 21A is connected to the discharge side, and a four-way valve is connected to the discharge pipe 21A via an oil separator 12A. 13A is connected. Further, an outdoor heat exchanger 14A, an outdoor expansion valve 15A, and a receiver tank 16A are sequentially connected to the outdoor refrigerant pipe 18A connected to the four-way valve 13A.
The outdoor unit 1A includes a bypass pipe 22A that connects the discharge pipe 21A and the upper part of the receiver tank 16A. The bypass pipe 22A is provided with a control valve 25A. For example, a normally closed electromagnetic valve is applied to the control valve 25A. An outdoor fan 17A for sending air to the outdoor heat exchanger 14A is disposed adjacent to the outdoor heat exchanger 14A.

室外ユニット１Ｂは、能力一定型の圧縮機（ＡＣ圧縮機）Ｃの吸込管２０Ｂにアキュムレータ１１Ｂが接続され、吐出管２１Ｂにオイルセパレータ１２Ｂを介して四方弁１３Ｂが接続され、さらに、四方弁１３Ｂに接続された室外冷媒配管１８Ｂに、室外熱交換器１４Ｂ、室外膨張弁１５Ｂ及びレシーバタンク１６Ｂが順次接続される。また、室外ユニット１Ｂは、吐出管２１Ｂとレシーバタンク１６Ｂの上部とを接続するバイパス管２２Ｂを備え、このバイパス管２２Ｂには制御弁２５Ｂが設けられる。この制御弁２５Ｂは、例えば、常閉型の電磁弁が適用される。室外熱交換器１４Ｂには、この室外熱交換器１４Ｂへ送風する室外ファン１７Ｂが隣接して配置されている。   In the outdoor unit 1B, an accumulator 11B is connected to a suction pipe 20B of a constant capacity type compressor (AC compressor) C, a four-way valve 13B is connected to a discharge pipe 21B via an oil separator 12B, and a four-way valve 13B. The outdoor heat exchanger 14B, the outdoor expansion valve 15B, and the receiver tank 16B are sequentially connected to the outdoor refrigerant pipe 18B connected to. The outdoor unit 1B includes a bypass pipe 22B that connects the discharge pipe 21B and the upper part of the receiver tank 16B, and a control valve 25B is provided in the bypass pipe 22B. For example, a normally closed electromagnetic valve is applied to the control valve 25B. An outdoor fan 17B that blows air to the outdoor heat exchanger 14B is disposed adjacent to the outdoor heat exchanger 14B.

室内ユニット３Ａは、室内冷媒配管３９Ａに室内膨張弁３８Ａ及び室内熱交換器３４Ａが順次接続され、この室内冷媒配管３９Ａの一端がガス管５に、他端が室内熱交換器３４Ａ、室内膨張弁３８Ａを介して液管７にそれぞれ接続される。室内熱交換器３４Ａには、この室内熱交換器３４Ａへ送風する室内ファン３７Ａが隣接して配置される。室内機３Ｂは、室内機３Ａと同一の構成であるので、説明を省略する。   In the indoor unit 3A, an indoor expansion valve 38A and an indoor heat exchanger 34A are sequentially connected to the indoor refrigerant pipe 39A. One end of the indoor refrigerant pipe 39A is connected to the gas pipe 5, and the other end is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 34A and the indoor expansion valve. Each is connected to the liquid pipe 7 via 38A. An indoor fan 37A for sending air to the indoor heat exchanger 34A is disposed adjacent to the indoor heat exchanger 34A. Since the indoor unit 3B has the same configuration as the indoor unit 3A, description thereof is omitted.

圧縮機Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃは、図２に示すように、圧縮機Ａが４馬力（ｐｓ）の能力一定定格圧縮機であり、圧縮機Ｂが空調負荷に応じて能力（回転数）を可変に制御できる６馬力の能力可変インバータ圧縮機であり、圧縮機Ｃが１０馬力の能力一定定格圧縮機である。従って、室外ユニット１Ａは１０馬力の能力可変型の室外ユニットとなり、室外ユニット１Ｂは１０馬力の能力一定型（定格）の室外ユニットとなっている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the compressors A, B, and C are compressors with a constant capacity of 4 horsepower (ps), and the compressor B has variable capacity (number of rotations) according to the air conditioning load. A 6-horsepower variable-variable inverter compressor that can be controlled at a constant speed, and the compressor C is a 10-horsepower constant-capacity rated compressor. Accordingly, the outdoor unit 1A is a 10 horsepower variable capacity outdoor unit, and the outdoor unit 1B is a 10 horsepower constant capacity (rated) outdoor unit.

一方、室内ユニット３Ａ、３Ｂは図１では２つしか示されていないものの、実際は多数の室内ユニットが設けられている。そしてこれらの室内ユニットの馬力の合計が２０馬力となるようにしている。例えば、室内ユニット３Ａは５馬力、室内ユニット３Ｂは４馬力、図示しない室内ユニットの合計馬力は１１馬力とされる。   On the other hand, although only two indoor units 3A and 3B are shown in FIG. 1, a large number of indoor units are actually provided. The total horsepower of these indoor units is set to 20 horsepower. For example, the indoor unit 3A has 5 horsepower, the indoor unit 3B has 4 horsepower, and the total horsepower of an indoor unit (not shown) is 11 horsepower.

この空気調和装置１において、冷房運転時には、図１に示すように、四方弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂが点線の位置（冷房運転時の位置）に切り替えられる。圧縮機Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃから吐出された冷媒は、点線矢印で示すように、オイルセパレータ１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、四方弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂを経た後、室外熱交換器１４Ａ、１４Ｂに入り、ここで凝縮した後、室外膨張弁１５Ａ、１５Ｂ及びレシーバタンク１６Ａ、１６Ｂを経て、液管７を流れ、室内ユニット３Ａ、３Ｂに流入する。
室内ユニット３Ａ、３Ｂに流入した冷媒は、室内膨張弁３８Ａ、３８Ｂ、室内熱交換器３４Ａ、３４Ｂに入り、ここで蒸発した後、ガス管５を流れ、各室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂに分流する。そして、その分流した冷媒は、四方弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂ、アキュムレータ１１Ａ、１１Ｂを経て、圧縮機Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃに戻される。 In the air conditioner 1, during the cooling operation, as shown in FIG. 1, the four-way valves 13A and 13B are switched to the dotted line positions (positions during the cooling operation). The refrigerant discharged from the compressors A, B, and C passes through the oil separators 12A and 12B and the four-way valves 13A and 13B, and then enters the outdoor heat exchangers 14A and 14B, where they are condensed. Then, the liquid flows through the outdoor expansion valves 15A and 15B and the receiver tanks 16A and 16B, and flows into the indoor units 3A and 3B.
The refrigerant that has flowed into the indoor units 3A and 3B enters the indoor expansion valves 38A and 38B and the indoor heat exchangers 34A and 34B, evaporates here, and then flows through the gas pipe 5 to be divided into the outdoor units 1A and 1B. Then, the divided refrigerant is returned to the compressors A, B, and C through the four-way valves 13A and 13B and the accumulators 11A and 11B.

暖房運転時には、四方弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂが実線の位置（暖房運転時の位置）に切り替えられる。圧縮機Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃから吐出された冷媒は、実線矢印で示すように、オイルセパレータ１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、四方弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂを経た後、ガス管５を流れ、各室内ユニット３Ａ、３Ｂに流入する。
各室内ユニット３Ａ、３Ｂに流入した冷媒は、室内熱交換器３４Ａ、３４Ｂに入り、ここで凝縮した後、室内膨張弁３８Ａ、３８Ｂを経て、液管７を流れ、各室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂに分流する。そして、その分流した冷媒は、レシーバタンク１６Ａ、１６Ｂ及び室外膨張弁１５Ａ、１５Ｂを経て、室外熱交換器１４Ａ、１４Ｂに入り、ここで蒸発した後、四方弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂ、アキュムレータ１１Ａ、１１Ｂを経て、圧縮機Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃに戻される。 During the heating operation, the four-way valves 13A and 13B are switched to the solid line positions (positions during the heating operation). The refrigerant discharged from the compressors A, B, and C passes through the oil separators 12A and 12B and the four-way valves 13A and 13B, then flows through the gas pipe 5 and flows into the indoor units 3A and 3B, as indicated by solid arrows. To do.
The refrigerant that has flowed into the indoor units 3A and 3B enters the indoor heat exchangers 34A and 34B, condenses, and then flows through the liquid pipe 7 through the indoor expansion valves 38A and 38B, and enters the outdoor units 1A and 1B. Divide. Then, the divided refrigerant passes through the receiver tanks 16A and 16B and the outdoor expansion valves 15A and 15B, enters the outdoor heat exchangers 14A and 14B, evaporates here, and then passes through the four-way valves 13A and 13B and the accumulators 11A and 11B. Then, it returns to the compressors A, B, and C.

空気調和装置１は、室内ユニット３Ａ、３Ｂが配置された室内の温度（室内ユニット３Ａ、３Ｂの吸込空気の温度）を測定する温度センサ４０Ａ、４０Ｂと、室外温度（室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂの吸込空気の温度）を測定する温度センサ４１Ａ、４１Ｂと、室内ユニット３Ａ、３Ｂの吹出空気の温度を測定する温度センサ４２Ａ、４２Ｂ等を備え、これらセンサの信号はコントローラ１００に出力される。   The air conditioner 1 includes temperature sensors 40A and 40B that measure the temperature of the room in which the indoor units 3A and 3B are disposed (the temperature of the intake air of the indoor units 3A and 3B), and the outdoor temperature (the suction of the outdoor units 1A and 1B). Temperature sensors 41A and 41B for measuring the temperature of the air), temperature sensors 42A and 42B for measuring the temperature of the air blown from the indoor units 3A and 3B, and the like. The signals of these sensors are output to the controller 100.

コントローラ（制御手段）１００は、上記センサからの信号等に基づいて室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂ及び室内ユニット３Ａ、３Ｂの運転制御を行う。具体的には、コントローラ１００は、室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂの合計出力を１〜６ｐｓの範囲で制御するには、図２を参照して、室外ユニット１Ａの能力可変圧縮機Ｂを運転して、その可変範囲内で制御する。
また、コントローラ１００は、合計出力を７〜１０ｐｓの範囲で制御するには、室外ユニット１Ａの能力一定圧縮機Ａ（４ｐｓ）を運転しっ放しにして、残りの３〜６ｐｓを能力可変圧縮機Ｂの運転により制御する。
また、コントローラ１００は、合計出力を１１〜１６ｐｓの範囲で制御するには、室外ユニット１Ｂの能力一定圧縮機Ｃ（１０ｐｓ）を運転しっ放しにして、残りの１〜６ｐｓを室外ユニット１Ａの能力可変圧縮機Ｂの運転により制御する。
さらに、コントローラ１００は、合計出力を１７〜２０ｐｓの範囲で制御するには、室外ユニット１Ｂの能力一定圧縮機Ｃ（１０ｐｓ）、及び室外ユニット１Ａの能力一定圧縮機Ａ（４ｐｓ）を運転しっ放しにして、残りの３〜６ｐｓを室外ユニット１Ａの能力可変圧縮機Ｂの運転により制御する。 The controller (control means) 100 controls the operation of the outdoor units 1A and 1B and the indoor units 3A and 3B based on signals from the sensors. Specifically, in order to control the total output of the outdoor units 1A and 1B in the range of 1 to 6 ps, the controller 100 operates the variable capacity compressor B of the outdoor unit 1A with reference to FIG. Control within that variable range.
In order to control the total output within the range of 7 to 10 ps, the controller 100 allows the constant capacity compressor A (4 ps) of the outdoor unit 1A to be operated and the remaining 3 to 6 ps to be a variable capacity compressor. Control by operation of B.
In order to control the total output in the range of 11 to 16 ps, the controller 100 allows the compressor C (10 ps) having a constant capacity of the outdoor unit 1B to be operated and the remaining 1 to 6 ps of the outdoor unit 1A. It is controlled by operating the variable capacity compressor B.
Further, the controller 100 operates the constant capacity compressor C (10 ps) of the outdoor unit 1B and the constant capacity compressor A (4 ps) of the outdoor unit 1A in order to control the total output in the range of 17 to 20 ps. The remaining 3 to 6 ps is controlled by operating the variable capacity compressor B of the outdoor unit 1A.

また、コントローラ１００は、室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂを同時運転している場合、室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂ内の圧縮機Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃの能力の違い等に起因して室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂ内の循環冷媒量に偏りが生じ、ガス欠運転になるおそれがあるため、ガス欠運転を回避する運転時ガス欠回避制御を行う。
すなわち、コントローラ１００は、温度センサ４２Ａ、４２Ｂにより測定される室内ユニット３Ａ、３Ｂの吹出空気の温度を監視し、いずれか一方の温度がガス欠の可能性がある予め定めた温度範囲（十分に冷房或いは暖房できない温度範囲）内になったことを検知すると、室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂ内の制御弁２５Ａ、２５Ｂを閉状態に制御し、圧縮機Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃの吐出冷媒の一部をバイパス管２２Ａ、２２Ｂを介してレシーバタンク１６Ａ、１６Ｂ内に送り込む。この吐出冷媒の送り込みによって、レシーバタンク１６Ａ、１６Ｂに溜められた液冷媒が液管７又は室外冷媒配管１８Ａ、１８Ｂに追い出され、運転時の冷媒循環量が増えてガス欠運転が回避される。 In addition, when the controller 100 is operating the outdoor units 1A and 1B simultaneously, the controller 100 circulates in the outdoor units 1A and 1B due to the difference in the capacities of the compressors A, B, and C in the outdoor units 1A and 1B. Since there is a risk that the refrigerant amount will be biased and the gas shortage operation may occur, the operation gas shortage avoidance control for avoiding the gas shortage operation is performed.
That is, the controller 100 monitors the temperature of the air blown from the indoor units 3A and 3B measured by the temperature sensors 42A and 42B, and either one of the temperatures may be out of a predetermined temperature range (sufficiently When it is detected that the temperature is within the cooling or heating range, the control valves 25A and 25B in the outdoor units 1A and 1B are controlled to be closed, and a part of the refrigerant discharged from the compressors A, B and C is bypassed. It feeds into the receiver tanks 16A and 16B through the pipes 22A and 22B. By feeding the discharged refrigerant, the liquid refrigerant stored in the receiver tanks 16A and 16B is expelled to the liquid pipe 7 or the outdoor refrigerant pipes 18A and 18B, and the amount of refrigerant circulation during operation is increased, thereby avoiding the lack of gas operation.

ところで、本構成では、冷房運転時に運転停止中の室外ユニットが存在した場合、例えば、室外ユニット１Ａの能力可変圧縮機Ｂだけが運転し、室外ユニット１Ｂが運転停止されている場合、室外ユニット１Ａから液管７に供給された液冷媒が室外ユニット１Ｂ内のレシーバタンク１６Ｂ内に流れ込み、運転時の冷媒循環量が低下してガス欠運転を招くおそれがある。
この場合、本実施形態では、運転時ガス欠回避制御に使用された制御弁２５Ｂを用いて、混在運転時ガス欠回避制御が行われる。この制御は、図３のフローチャートに示すように、運転停止中の室外ユニット１Ｂのレシーバタンク１６Ｂ内への液冷媒の寝込みを防止することにより、ガス欠が回避される。 By the way, in this configuration, when there is an outdoor unit whose operation is stopped during the cooling operation, for example, when only the variable capacity compressor B of the outdoor unit 1A is operated and the outdoor unit 1B is stopped, the outdoor unit 1A The liquid refrigerant supplied from the liquid pipe 7 to the liquid pipe 7 flows into the receiver tank 16B in the outdoor unit 1B, and there is a possibility that the refrigerant circulation amount at the time of operation decreases and a gas shortage operation is caused.
In this case, in the present embodiment, the mixed operation gas shortage avoidance control is performed using the control valve 25B used for the operation gas shortage avoidance control. As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3, this control prevents the outflow of liquid refrigerant by preventing the liquid refrigerant from stagnating in the receiver tank 16 </ b> B of the outdoor unit 1 </ b> B during operation stop.

図３は、混在運転時ガス欠回避制御を示すフローチャートである。
まず、コントローラ１００は、室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂがコンデンサ状態か否か（冷房運転中か否か）を判定する（ステップＳ１）。このステップＳ１の判定が否定結果の場合（ステップＳ１：NO）、コントローラ１００は、この制御を一旦終了し、所定の割り込み周期でこの制御を繰り返し実行する。 FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the gas shortage avoidance control during mixed operation.
First, the controller 100 determines whether or not the outdoor units 1A and 1B are in the condenser state (whether or not the cooling operation is being performed) (step S1). When the determination in step S1 is negative (step S1: NO), the controller 100 once ends this control and repeatedly executes this control at a predetermined interrupt cycle.

一方、ステップＳ１の判定が肯定結果の場合（ステップＳ１：YES）、コントローラ１００は、温度センサ４１Ａ、４１Ｂにより、室外温度を取得し、室外温度が低いか否か（例えば、５℃以下か否か）を判定する（ステップＳ２）。具体的には、コントローラ１００は、温度センサ４１Ａ、４１Ｂにより測定される温度のうち、低い方の温度が５℃以下か否かを判定する。   On the other hand, if the determination in step S1 is affirmative (step S1: YES), the controller 100 acquires the outdoor temperature using the temperature sensors 41A and 41B, and determines whether or not the outdoor temperature is low (for example, 5 ° C. or less). Is determined (step S2). Specifically, the controller 100 determines whether or not the lower temperature among the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors 41A and 41B is 5 ° C. or less.

室外温度が５℃より高い場合（ステップ２：NO）、液冷媒のガス化が促され、レシーバタンク１６Ｂへの液冷媒の流れ込みによる冷媒循環量不足の可能性が低いため、コントローラ１００は、この制御を一旦終了する。一方、室外温度が５度以下の場合（ステップ２：YES）、コントローラ１００は、制御対象の室外ユニット１Ｂが停止中か否かを判定し（ステップ３）、運転中であればこの制御を一旦終了し、停止中であれば、室外ユニット１Ｂの制御弁２５Ｂを開状態に制御すると共に（ステップ４）、室外ユニット１Ｂの圧縮機Ｃの運転を開始する（ステップ５）。
この場合、コントローラ１００は、圧縮機Ｃを所定時間間隔で運転と運転停止とを繰り返す間欠運転させ、この圧縮機Ｃの吐出冷媒を、バイパス管２２Ｂを介してレシーバタンク１６Ｂ内に間欠的に送り込み、レシーバタンク１６Ｂ内に溜まっている液冷媒を液管７に追い出すと共に、レシーバタンク１６Ｂ内への液冷媒の流入を防止させる。
このように、ガス欠運転を招くおそれがある状況（冷房運転時に外気温度が５℃以下）になると、運転停止中の室外ユニット１Ｂのレシーバタンク１６Ｂ内の液冷媒の追い出し及び液冷媒の流入防止を行うので、運転時の冷媒循環量を増やし、ガス欠運転を事前に回避することができる。 When the outdoor temperature is higher than 5 ° C. (step 2: NO), gasification of the liquid refrigerant is promoted, and the possibility that the refrigerant circulation amount is insufficient due to the liquid refrigerant flowing into the receiver tank 16B is low. End control once. On the other hand, when the outdoor temperature is 5 degrees or less (step 2: YES), the controller 100 determines whether or not the outdoor unit 1B to be controlled is stopped (step 3). If it is finished and stopped, the control valve 25B of the outdoor unit 1B is controlled to be in an open state (step 4), and the operation of the compressor C of the outdoor unit 1B is started (step 5).
In this case, the controller 100 causes the compressor C to intermittently operate repeatedly at intervals of a predetermined time, and intermittently sends the refrigerant discharged from the compressor C into the receiver tank 16B via the bypass pipe 22B. The liquid refrigerant accumulated in the receiver tank 16B is expelled to the liquid pipe 7, and the liquid refrigerant is prevented from flowing into the receiver tank 16B.
In this way, when there is a possibility of causing a gas shortage operation (the outside air temperature is 5 ° C. or less during the cooling operation), the liquid refrigerant is expelled and the liquid refrigerant is prevented from flowing into the receiver tank 16B of the outdoor unit 1B when the operation is stopped. Therefore, it is possible to increase the refrigerant circulation amount during operation and to avoid the gas shortage operation in advance.

次に、コントローラ１００は、室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂが非コンデンサ状態になったか、若しくは、外気温度が高くなったか否か（例えば５℃より高くなったか否か）、または、室外ユニット１Ｂの運転を開始したか否かを判定し（ステップ６）、いずれかの条件が満たされるまで、上記運転状態（制御弁２５Ｂを開状態にし、圧縮機Ｃを間欠運転した状態）を継続し、いずれかの条件が満たされると、室外ユニット１Ｂの制御弁２５Ｂを閉状態に制御すると共に、室外ユニット１Ｂの圧縮機Ｃの間欠運転を停止する（ステップ７）。
このため、冷房運転停止、暖房運転への切り替え、室外温度が高くなる、或いは、冷房負荷が増大して室外ユニット１Ｂの運転を開始するといったいずれかの事態が生じるまでは、上記運転状態が継続し、上記事態が生じると、上記運転状態が中止される。なお、混在運転時ガス欠回避制御を、室外ユニット１Ｂに対して行う場合を例に説明したが、室外ユニット１Ａに対して行う場合も同様である。ここで、室外ユニット１Ａの圧縮機Ａ、Ｂを間欠運転する場合は、圧縮機Ａ、Ｂのいずれか一方或いは両方を間欠運転すればよい。 Next, the controller 100 determines whether or not the outdoor units 1A and 1B are in a non-condenser state, whether or not the outdoor air temperature is high (for example, whether or not the outdoor unit is higher than 5 ° C.), or the operation of the outdoor unit 1B. It is determined whether or not it has started (step 6), and the above operation state (the state in which the control valve 25B is opened and the compressor C is intermittently operated) is continued until one of the conditions is satisfied. When the condition is satisfied, the control valve 25B of the outdoor unit 1B is controlled to be closed, and the intermittent operation of the compressor C of the outdoor unit 1B is stopped (step 7).
For this reason, the above-mentioned operation state is continued until any one of the cases where the cooling operation is stopped, the switching to the heating operation, the outdoor temperature becomes high, or the cooling load increases to start the operation of the outdoor unit 1B. And when the said situation arises, the said driving | running state is stopped. In addition, although the case where the gas shortage avoidance control during mixed operation is performed on the outdoor unit 1B has been described as an example, the same applies to the case where it is performed on the outdoor unit 1A. Here, when the compressors A and B of the outdoor unit 1A are intermittently operated, either one or both of the compressors A and B may be intermittently operated.

このように本実施形態では、運転時ガス欠回避制御に使用された制御弁２５Ｂを用いて、冷房運転時に外気温度が低くなると、運転停止中の室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂの制御弁２５Ａ、２５Ｂを開状態に制御すると共に、この室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂの圧縮機Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃを間欠運転するため、各室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂのレシーバタンク１６Ａ、１６Ｂと液管７との間に遮断弁を設けることなく、レシーバタンク１６Ａ、１６Ｂ内への液冷媒の寝込みを防止することができる。また、上記遮断弁といった、レシーバタンク１６Ａ、１６Ｂ内への液冷媒の寝込みだけを防止する部品を配置する必要がないため、部品点数を低減することができる。   As described above, in the present embodiment, when the outside air temperature is lowered during the cooling operation using the control valve 25B used for the gas shortage avoidance control during operation, the control valves 25A and 25B of the outdoor units 1A and 1B being stopped are turned on. In addition to controlling the compressors A, B, and C of the outdoor units 1A, 1B intermittently while controlling the open state, a shut-off valve is provided between the receiver tanks 16A, 16B of the outdoor units 1A, 1B and the liquid pipe 7. Without providing the liquid refrigerant in the receiver tanks 16A and 16B, the stagnation of the liquid refrigerant can be prevented. Moreover, since it is not necessary to arrange components such as the shut-off valve that prevent only the liquid refrigerant from falling into the receiver tanks 16A and 16B, the number of components can be reduced.

以上、本発明の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。例えば、上記実施形態では、温度センサ４１Ａ、４１Ｂにより測定した室外温度が所定温度以下の場合に、運転停止中の室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂの制御弁２５Ａ、２５Ｂを開状態に制御すると共に、運転停止中の室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂの圧縮機を運転する場合について例示したが、本発明はこれに限らない。   Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, in the above-described embodiment, when the outdoor temperature measured by the temperature sensors 41A and 41B is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, the control valves 25A and 25B of the outdoor units 1A and 1B that are stopped are controlled to be opened and the operation is stopped. Although illustrated about the case where the compressor of inside outdoor unit 1A, 1B is drive | operated, this invention is not limited to this.

具体的には、図４に他の混在運転時ガス欠回避制御を示すように、コントローラ１００は、室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂがコンデンサ状態であって（ステップ１：YES）、かつ、制御対象の室外ユニット（例えば室外ユニット１Ｂ）が停止中（ステップＳ２Ａ：YES）の場合に、ガス欠（ガス欠のおそれが高い状態を含む）か否かを判定し（ステップ３Ａ）、ガス欠の場合に、図３に示すステップＳ４〜Ｓ７の処理を順次実行するように構成してもよい。
このガス欠か否かの判定は、例えば、温度センサ４２Ａ、４２Ｂにより取得した室内ユニット３Ａ、３Ｂの吹出空気の温度のいずれかが、ガス欠の可能性がある予め定めた温度範囲（十分に冷房或いは暖房できない温度範囲）内か否かを判定することによって行えばよい。すなわち、室外温度を取得する方法に代えて、室外温度が低いことが原因で生じるガス欠を検知する方法によっても、運転停止中の室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂのレシーバタンク１６Ａ、１６Ｂ内への液冷媒の寝込みを防止することが可能である。 Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4 showing other mixed operation gas shortage avoidance control, the controller 100 has the outdoor units 1A and 1B in the condenser state (step 1: YES), and the control target outdoor When the unit (for example, the outdoor unit 1B) is stopped (step S2A: YES), it is determined whether or not there is a gas shortage (including a state where there is a high risk of gas shortage) (step 3A). You may comprise so that the process of step S4-S7 shown in FIG. 3 may be performed sequentially.
The determination of whether or not there is a gas shortage is made, for example, by determining whether one of the temperatures of the air blown from the indoor units 3A and 3B acquired by the temperature sensors 42A and 42B is a predetermined temperature range (sufficient cooling). Alternatively, it may be performed by determining whether or not it is within a temperature range in which heating is not possible. That is, instead of the method of acquiring the outdoor temperature, the liquid refrigerant into the receiver tanks 16A and 16B of the outdoor units 1A and 1B that are not in operation can also be detected by a method of detecting a lack of gas caused by a low outdoor temperature. It is possible to prevent sleep.

また、上記実施形態では、停止中の室外ユニット１Ａ、１Ｂの圧縮機Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃを間欠運転する場合を例示したが、運転停止中の室外ユニット内の圧縮機が能力可変型の圧縮機である場合は、能力可変型圧縮機（例えば、圧縮機Ｂ）を低能力（例えば、２０Ｈｚ）で運転するようにしてもよい。また、上記実施形態で示した配管構成や室外ユニット及び室内ユニットの台数はこれに限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更が可能である。   Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the case where the compressor A, B, C of the outdoor unit 1A, 1B in a stop was intermittently operated was illustrated, the compressor in the outdoor unit in a stopped operation is a variable capacity type compressor. In this case, the variable capacity compressor (for example, the compressor B) may be operated at a low capacity (for example, 20 Hz). In addition, the piping configuration and the number of outdoor units and indoor units shown in the above embodiment are not limited to this, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.

本発明の実施形態に係る空気調和装置の回路図である。It is a circuit diagram of an air harmony device concerning an embodiment of the present invention. 圧縮機の運転の説明に供する図である。It is a figure where it uses for description of a driving | operation of a compressor. 混在運転時ガス欠回避制御を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows gas shortage avoidance control at the time of mixed operation. 他の混在運転時ガス欠回避制御を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows other gas shortage avoidance control at the time of mixed operation.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 空気調和装置
１Ａ、１Ｂ 室外ユニット
３Ａ、３Ｂ 室内ユニット
５ ガス管
７ 液管
１１Ａ、１１Ｂ アキュムレータ
１２Ａ、１２Ｂ オイルセパレータ
１３Ａ、１３Ｂ 四方弁
１４Ａ、１４Ｂ 室外熱交換器
１５Ａ、１５Ｂ 室外膨張弁
１６Ａ、１６Ｂ レシーバタンク
２０Ａ、２０Ｂ 吸込管
２１Ａ、２１Ｂ 吐出管
２２Ａ、２２Ｂ バイパス管
２５Ａ、２５Ｂ 制御弁
Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ 圧縮機 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air conditioning apparatus 1A, 1B Outdoor unit 3A, 3B Indoor unit 5 Gas pipe 7 Liquid pipe 11A, 11B Accumulator 12A, 12B Oil separator 13A, 13B Four-way valve 14A, 14B Outdoor heat exchanger 15A, 15B Outdoor expansion valve 16A, 16B Receiver tank 20A, 20B Suction pipe 21A, 21B Discharge pipe 22A, 22B Bypass pipe 25A, 25B Control valve A, B, C Compressor

Claims (4)

圧縮機、室外熱交換器及びレシーバタンクを収納する複数台の室外ユニットと、室内熱交換器を収納する一又は複数台の室内ユニットとをガス管及び液管で接続した空気調和装置において、
前記室外ユニットに、前記圧縮機の吐出管と前記レシーバタンクとの間を制御弁を介して接続するバイパス管を設け、
冷房運転時に外気温度が低い場合、運転停止中の停止室外ユニット内の前記制御弁を開状態に制御して、前記停止室外ユニット内の圧縮機を間欠運転或いは低能力で運転し、前記停止室外ユニット内の圧縮機の吐出冷媒を、前記バイパス管を介して前記レシーバタンク内に送り込み、前記レシーバタンク内への液冷媒の寝込みを防止する制御手段を備えることを特徴とする空気調和装置。 In an air conditioner in which a plurality of outdoor units that store a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a receiver tank, and one or a plurality of indoor units that store an indoor heat exchanger are connected by a gas pipe and a liquid pipe.
The outdoor unit is provided with a bypass pipe that connects a discharge pipe of the compressor and the receiver tank via a control valve,
When the outside air temperature is low during cooling operation, the control valve in the stop outdoor unit during operation stop is controlled to open, and the compressor in the stop outdoor unit is operated intermittently or with low capacity, and the outside of the stop room An air conditioner comprising control means for feeding refrigerant discharged from a compressor in a unit into the receiver tank via the bypass pipe and preventing liquid refrigerant from stagnating in the receiver tank. 圧縮機、室外熱交換器及びレシーバタンクを収納する複数台の室外ユニットと、室内熱交換器を収納する一又は複数台の室内ユニットとをガス管及び液管で接続した空気調和装置において、
前記室外ユニットに、前記圧縮機の吐出管と前記レシーバタンクとの間を制御弁を介して接続するバイパス管を設け、
冷房運転時に当該運転時の循環冷媒のガス欠を検知した場合、運転停止中の停止室外ユニット内の前記制御弁を開状態に制御して、前記停止室外ユニット内の圧縮機を間欠運転或いは低能力で運転し、前記停止室外ユニット内の圧縮機の吐出冷媒を、前記バイパス管を介して前記レシーバタンク内に送り込み、前記レシーバタンク内への液冷媒の寝込みを防止する制御手段を備えることを特徴とする空気調和装置。 In an air conditioner in which a plurality of outdoor units that store a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a receiver tank, and one or a plurality of indoor units that store an indoor heat exchanger are connected by a gas pipe and a liquid pipe.
The outdoor unit is provided with a bypass pipe that connects a discharge pipe of the compressor and the receiver tank via a control valve,
When the lack of circulating refrigerant during the cooling operation is detected during the cooling operation, the control valve in the stop outdoor unit during operation stop is controlled to open, and the compressor in the stop outdoor unit is operated intermittently or low. A controller that operates with the capacity and sends the refrigerant discharged from the compressor in the stop outdoor unit into the receiver tank via the bypass pipe, and prevents the liquid refrigerant from stagnating in the receiver tank. An air conditioner characterized. 前記制御手段は、前記室内ユニットの吹出空気の温度を測定するセンサを備え、このセンサの測定結果に基づいて運転時の循環冷媒のガス欠を検知することを特徴とする請求項２記載の空気調和装置。   The air according to claim 2, wherein the control means includes a sensor for measuring a temperature of the air blown from the indoor unit, and detects a lack of circulating refrigerant during operation based on a measurement result of the sensor. Harmony device. 前記制御弁は、運転時の循環冷媒のガス欠が検知された場合に開状態に制御され、運転中の室外ユニット内の圧縮機の吐出冷媒を、前記バイパス管を介して前記レシーバタンク内に送り込み、前記レシーバタンク内の液冷媒を液管側に追い出すことを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれかに記載の空気調和装置。   The control valve is controlled to be open when a lack of circulating refrigerant is detected during operation, and discharges refrigerant discharged from the compressor in the outdoor unit during operation into the receiver tank via the bypass pipe. The air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the air conditioner is fed in to expel liquid refrigerant in the receiver tank to the liquid pipe side.
JP2004310799A 2004-10-26 2004-10-26 Air conditioner Expired - Fee Related JP4675083B2 (en)

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JP2009228978A (en) * 2008-03-24 2009-10-08 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Refrigerating device
JP2014122769A (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-07-03 Daikin Ind Ltd Refrigeration apparatus
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JP2017044419A (en) * 2015-08-27 2017-03-02 アイシン精機株式会社 Engine driving type air conditioner
WO2019146023A1 (en) * 2018-01-24 2019-08-01 東芝キヤリア株式会社 Refrigeration cycle device
JPWO2019146023A1 (en) * 2018-01-24 2020-10-22 東芝キヤリア株式会社 Refrigeration cycle equipment

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