JP2006064296A - Heat conductive plate formed of expanded graphite and production method therefor - Google Patents

Heat conductive plate formed of expanded graphite and production method therefor Download PDF

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JP2006064296A
JP2006064296A JP2004247719A JP2004247719A JP2006064296A JP 2006064296 A JP2006064296 A JP 2006064296A JP 2004247719 A JP2004247719 A JP 2004247719A JP 2004247719 A JP2004247719 A JP 2004247719A JP 2006064296 A JP2006064296 A JP 2006064296A
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plate
heat
sheet
board
plate according
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Werner Guckert
グッケルト ヴェルナー
Richard Neuert
ノイエルト リヒァルト
Wolfgang Kienberger
キーンベルガー ヴォルフガング
Christian Kipfelsberger
キップフェルスベルガー クリスチアン
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SGL Carbon SE
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SGL Carbon SE
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat conductive plate formed of a compressed graphite expansion body, having excellent thermal conductivity parallel to a plate face, and to provide a production method therefor. <P>SOLUTION: In this heat conductive plate, the thermal conductivity parallel to the plate surface is set to be higher than thermal conductivity perpendicular to the plate surface by at least 50%. The heat conductive plate is especially used for transfer of heat of an air conditioner or a heating device planarly disposed in a floor, a wall, a ceiling or the like, and is also used for heat transfer and heat radiation in a building, an automobile, a mechanical facility or a tank. Shape of the heat conductive plate is stabilized without addition of a binder or an additional material, and the heat conductive plate can be produced by a continuous method. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、膨張黒鉛から成り板面に対し平行方向に優れた熱伝導率を有する、結合剤なしの熱伝導板とその製造方法に関する。本発明に基づく熱伝導板は、特に床や壁や天井等に平面的に配置された暖房装置や空調器において熱を伝達するために適用される。本発明に基づく熱伝導板は、建築工業分野以外にも、自動車、機械設備および、例えば食料品貯蔵用の温度調節タンクにおいて、熱伝達および放熱のために適用できる。   The present invention relates to a thermal conductive plate without a binder, which is made of expanded graphite and has an excellent thermal conductivity in a direction parallel to the plate surface, and a method for producing the same. The heat conductive plate based on this invention is applied in order to transmit heat in the heating apparatus and air conditioner which were especially arrange | positioned planarly on a floor, a wall, a ceiling, etc. The heat conducting plate according to the present invention can be applied for heat transfer and heat dissipation in automobiles, machinery and equipment, for example, temperature control tanks for storing foodstuffs, in addition to the construction industry field.

床暖房、壁暖房および天井暖房に関連して、快適な室内温度を得るために、特別な熱伝導加熱層が利用されている。熱伝導性を改善すべく、黒鉛から成る添加物を含む熱伝導性の上塗り材や漆喰等の加熱層が、特許文献１〜５で知られている。   In connection with floor heating, wall heating and ceiling heating, special heat conduction heating layers are used to obtain a comfortable room temperature. In order to improve thermal conductivity, heating layers such as thermal conductive top coat materials and plaster containing additives made of graphite are known in Patent Documents 1 to 5.

特許文献６〜８は、床暖房等の暖房設備の構造と消音装置および電磁遮蔽への膨張黒鉛から成る成形体の利用を提案している。該成形体は以下の方法で製造される。即ち
・ 膨張性黒鉛が、流動床において或いは既に最終成形型内で、適切な熱の供給のもとで不完全膨張され、続いて、成形型内において、高温にされて膨張が終わらされる。
・ 適切な熱の供給のもとで不完全に膨張された膨張性黒鉛が、成形型内で半製品の形に圧縮され、続いて、成形型内において、高温にされて膨張が終わらされる。
・ 成形形内における膨張性黒鉛の湿り処理が、熱の供給下において黒鉛を膨張させる。 Patent Documents 6 to 8 propose the use of a molded body made of expanded graphite for the structure of a heating facility such as floor heating, a silencer, and electromagnetic shielding. The molded body is produced by the following method. That is, the expandable graphite is incompletely expanded in the fluidized bed or already in the final mold under the supply of appropriate heat, and then the temperature is raised in the mold to terminate the expansion.
• Expandable graphite that has been incompletely expanded under the appropriate supply of heat is compressed into a semi-finished product in the mold and subsequently heated to terminate expansion in the mold .
-Wet treatment of expandable graphite in the mold will cause the graphite to expand under the supply of heat.

即ち、いずれの場合にも、膨張の最終段階は、最終成形型内で行われ、膨張完了後、圧縮は行なわれない。その成形型は、一方では、材料が所望形状となるようにするために、成形型が十分に閉じられ、他方では、空気が抜けるように、設計されねばならない。この方法で得られる成形体は、形状が安定し、均質な密度を有していなければならない。上述の方法の有利な形態において、膨張性黒鉛に、種々の追加材および補助材、特に結合剤が添加される。上述した製造方法では、成形型内に一様に分布された膨張性黒鉛の膨張が、全空間方向に向かって生ずるので、成形体における黒鉛の層平面は、際立った優先方向を有していない。従って、この成形体の熱伝導率は方向に無関係である。しかし、例えば壁暖房、天井暖房或いは床暖房のような平面的に配置された暖房装置要素と関係して利用するために、平面にわたる迅速且つ一様な熱分配を達成するために、平面内における優れた熱伝導が望まれる。上述した従来技術における別の欠点は、製造方法が不連続的であり、空気抜き可能な成形型の製造費が非常に高いことにある。
独国特許出願公開第１９６２２７８８号明細書 独国特許出願公開第１００４９２３０号明細書 独国特許出願公開第１９８０２２３０号明細書 独国特許出願公開第１９５３８６８６号明細書 独国特許出願公開第１９６００２２８号明細書 独国特許出願公開第４１１７０７７号明細書 独国特許出願公開第４０１６７１０号明細書 米国特許第３４０４０６１号明細書 That is, in any case, the final stage of expansion is performed in the final mold, and compression is not performed after completion of expansion. The mold must on the one hand be designed so that the mold is sufficiently closed and, on the other hand, air can escape, so that the material has the desired shape. The molded body obtained by this method must be stable in shape and have a uniform density. In an advantageous form of the method described above, various additional materials and auxiliary materials, in particular binders, are added to the expandable graphite. In the above-described manufacturing method, the expansion of the expandable graphite uniformly distributed in the mold occurs in the entire space direction, so the graphite layer plane in the molded body does not have a distinct priority direction. . Therefore, the thermal conductivity of this compact is independent of direction. However, in order to achieve rapid and uniform heat distribution across the plane, for use in connection with planarly arranged heating elements such as wall heating, ceiling heating or floor heating, for example, Excellent heat conduction is desired. Another drawback of the prior art described above is that the manufacturing method is discontinuous and the cost of manufacturing a mold that can be evacuated is very high.
German Patent Application Publication No. 19622788 German Patent Application No. 10049230 German Patent Application Publication No. 19802230 German Patent Application Publication No. 195386686 German Patent Application No. 19600228 German Patent Application Publication No. 4117077 German Patent Application No. 4016710 U.S. Pat. No. 3,404,061

本発明の課題は、上述の欠点が除去され、安価に連続的に製造できる膨張黒鉛から成る熱伝導板とその製造方法を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide a heat conductive plate made of expanded graphite which can eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and can be continuously manufactured at low cost, and a method for manufacturing the same.

この熱伝導板についての課題は、請求項１に記載の特徴によって解決され、その製造方法についての課題は、請求項２３に記載の特徴によって解決される。本発明の有利な実施態様はそれぞれの従属請求項に記載されている。   The problem with the heat conducting plate is solved by the features of claim 1, and the problem with the manufacturing method is solved by the features of claim 23. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the respective dependent claims.

本発明によれば、圧縮された黒鉛膨張体（Graphitexpandat）を含み、熱伝導が特に板表面に沿って行われる熱伝導板が得られる。この本発明に基づく熱伝導板は、結合剤および追加材の添加なしに、形状が安定している。本発明は更に、膨張黒鉛から成るそのような熱伝導板を連続して製造する方法を提供する。   According to the present invention, a heat conducting plate is obtained which contains a compressed graphite expansion body (Graphitexpandat) and in which heat conduction takes place in particular along the plate surface. The heat conductive plate according to the present invention is stable in shape without the addition of a binder and additional material. The present invention further provides a method for continuously producing such a heat conducting plate made of expanded graphite.

膨張黒鉛（黒鉛膨張体）の製造は、特に特許文献８（米国特許第３４０４０６１号明細書）で知られている。膨張黒鉛の製造のために、黒鉛填入化合物から黒鉛塩例えば硫化水素黒鉛或いは窒化黒鉛が、衝撃的に加熱される。その際、黒鉛粒子の体積は２００〜４００倍膨張し、総密度（ばら積材密度）が２〜２０ｇ／ｌに低下する。そのようにして得られたいわゆる黒鉛膨張体は、芋虫状或いはアコーデオン状凝集体から成っている。   The production of expanded graphite (graphite expanded body) is particularly known from US Pat. No. 3,404,061. For the production of expanded graphite, a graphite salt such as hydrogen sulfide graphite or graphite nitride is shockedly heated from the graphite filling compound. At that time, the volume of the graphite particles expands 200 to 400 times, and the total density (bulk material density) decreases to 2 to 20 g / l. The so-called graphite expanded body thus obtained consists of worm-like or accordion-like aggregates.

完全膨張された黒鉛が方向を整えた圧力作用下で圧縮されると、黒鉛の層表面は、圧力の作用方向に対して垂直に優先して配列し、その際、個々の凝集体は相互に引っ掛かり合う。これによって、結合剤の添加なしに、自己支持形の平面形状物、例えばシート板或いは板が製造される。本発明に基づく熱伝導板の製造および機能は、この作用効果に基づいている。なおその作用効果は、平形パッキン製造用の半製品として用いる厚さ０．１５〜３ｍｍの黒鉛フィルムの製造で知られている。本発明による熱伝導板は、黒鉛膨張体の圧縮中の、方向を整えた圧力作用に基づき、組織的に異方性を有し、そのため、本発明に基づく熱伝導板は、所定の特性の有利な異方性を伴っている。本発明に基づく熱伝導板において、板平面に対し平行な黒鉛層平面の優先方向づけのため、平面に対し平行な（即ち横方向における）熱伝導は、板平面に対し垂直な熱伝導に比べ優れている。従って、本発明に基づく熱伝導板は、黒鉛フィルムで公知の熱伝導率の異方性と、例えば軽量、高い温度安定性、電磁遮蔽性、火炎遮断作用、耐食性および隣接表面への良好な適合性のような膨張黒鉛の所定の用途にとって有利な他の特性とを兼ね備えている。   When fully expanded graphite is compressed under a directional pressure action, the graphite layer surface is preferentially aligned perpendicular to the pressure action direction, with the individual agglomerates being mutually Get caught. This produces a self-supporting planar shape, such as a sheet or plate, without the addition of a binder. The manufacture and function of the heat conducting plate according to the present invention is based on this effect. In addition, the effect is known by manufacture of the 0.15-3mm-thick graphite film used as a semi-finished product for flat packing manufacture. The heat conductive plate according to the present invention is systematically anisotropic based on the pressure action in which the direction of the expanded graphite body is compressed. Therefore, the heat conductive plate according to the present invention has a predetermined characteristic. With an advantageous anisotropy. In the heat conduction plate according to the present invention, the heat conduction parallel to the plane (that is, in the transverse direction) is superior to the heat conduction perpendicular to the plate plane because of the preferential orientation of the graphite layer plane parallel to the plate plane. ing. Therefore, the heat conducting plate according to the present invention has a known thermal conductivity anisotropy with a graphite film and a good fit to, for example, light weight, high temperature stability, electromagnetic shielding, flame shielding, corrosion resistance and adjacent surfaces. Combined with other properties advantageous for certain applications of expanded graphite.

本発明の他の詳細、特徴および利点を、以下、図および実施例を参照して説明する。   Other details, features and advantages of the invention will now be described with reference to the figures and examples.

本発明に従う熱伝導板は、代表的に８〜５０ｍｍの厚さを持つ。該板は、特に好適には２０〜４０ｍｍの厚さを有する。建築工業に採用される壁、床および天井要素の代表的な寸法は、１００×６０ｃｍ〜３００×１００ｃｍである。しかし本発明に基づく熱伝導板はそれら寸法に限定されない。その長さと幅は、その製造方法が狭い制限をつけない故、意図する用途の目的に応じ選択できる。本発明による熱伝導板での膨張黒鉛の密度は、０．０１〜０．５ｇ／ｃｍ3、好適には０．０１〜０．４ｇ／ｃｍ3、特に０．０５〜０．２５ｇ／ｃｍ3である。従って本発明に基づく熱伝導板は、建築工業での用途に対し、軽量構造板における要件に合っている（総密度＜４００ｋｇ／ｍ3）。 The heat conducting plate according to the present invention typically has a thickness of 8 to 50 mm. The plate particularly preferably has a thickness of 20 to 40 mm. Typical dimensions for wall, floor and ceiling elements employed in the building industry are between 100x60 cm and 300x100 cm. However, the heat conducting plate according to the present invention is not limited to these dimensions. The length and width can be selected according to the purpose of the intended use because the manufacturing method does not impose a narrow limit. The density of the expanded graphite in the heat conducting plate according to the invention is 0.01-0.5 g / cm 3 , preferably 0.01-0.4 g / cm 3 , in particular 0.05-0.25 g / cm 3. It is. Thus, the heat conducting plate according to the present invention meets the requirements for a lightweight structural plate for use in the building industry (total density <400 kg / m 3 ).

本発明に基づく熱伝導板の熱伝導率は、板平面に対し平行方向において少なくとも５．５Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋであり、板平面に対して垂直方向において３．６Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋである。即ち平面に対し平行な熱伝導率は、平面に対し垂直な熱伝導率より少なくとも５０％大きい。板平面に対し平行な熱伝導率と、垂直な熱伝導率との比率は、膨張黒鉛の圧縮が強ければ強い程、即ち熱伝導板の密度が大きければ大きい程、大きくなる。本発明に基づく熱伝導板は、例えば流体熱媒体を利用する暖房装置や電気式暖房装置に採用される。流体熱媒体、例えば水を搬送すべく、例えば銅等の金属、プラスチック、例えばポリプロピレンや網状結合ポリウレタンから成る管が利用される。金属管は熱伝達性が良いので有利である。管２は熱伝導板１に、例えば管２が板表面と面一になるように埋設され（図１ａ参照）、又は部分的に埋設される。即ち管２の外周面の一部が熱伝導板１の表面から浮き彫り状に突出するよう埋設される（図１ｂ参照）。板表面から突出した管の周囲空間３は、適当な材料で充填され、例えばセメントフロア上に、上塗り材や粉砕黒鉛が塗られる。また、電気式暖房装置の電熱線が、板表面上に敷かれるか、板表面に圧入される。   The thermal conductivity of the heat conducting plate according to the invention is at least 5.5 W / m · K in the direction parallel to the plate plane and 3.6 W / m · K in the direction perpendicular to the plate plane. That is, the thermal conductivity parallel to the plane is at least 50% greater than the thermal conductivity perpendicular to the plane. The ratio between the thermal conductivity parallel to the plate plane and the vertical thermal conductivity increases as the compression of the expanded graphite becomes stronger, that is, as the density of the heat conduction plate increases. The heat conductive plate based on this invention is employ | adopted for the heating apparatus and electric heating apparatus which utilize a fluid thermal medium, for example. In order to carry a fluid heating medium, for example water, a tube made of a metal such as copper, a plastic such as polypropylene or a net-bonded polyurethane is used. A metal tube is advantageous because of its good heat transfer. The tube 2 is embedded in the heat conducting plate 1, for example, so that the tube 2 is flush with the plate surface (see FIG. 1 a) or partially embedded. That is, a part of the outer peripheral surface of the tube 2 is embedded so as to protrude in a relief shape from the surface of the heat conducting plate 1 (see FIG. 1b). The surrounding space 3 of the tube protruding from the plate surface is filled with an appropriate material, and, for example, a top coating material or pulverized graphite is applied on a cement floor. Moreover, the heating wire of the electric heating device is laid on the plate surface or press-fitted into the plate surface.

管２又は加熱要素を２枚の熱伝導板１、１′間に置き、両熱伝導板１、１′を互いに押し合わせてもよい（図１ｃ参照）。膨張黒鉛から成る２枚の熱伝導板を互いに押し合わせて構成したこの複合板は、非常に形状が安定し、板の境界面で再び緩むことはない。この形態で、埋設管の直径をほんの僅かしか超過しない厚さの複合板を得るべく、薄い板を利用するとよい。本発明による熱伝導板では、板平面に対し垂直な熱伝導率が、平行な熱伝導率より小さい故、板表面と板内に埋設された加熱要素や加熱管との大きな間隔は不利である。管や電熱線は、板表面にわたり熱を一様に分布させるべく、例えば蛇行状又はスパイラル状に配置される。電気式暖房装置の電熱線は、同じ理由から、格子状や蛇行状に配置するとよい。しかし、本発明に基づく熱伝導板の高い熱伝導率のため、加熱管や電熱線は一様な熱分布を得べく、被加熱面上に、従来通常の壁暖房装置や天井暖房装置や床暖房装置において必要な、密な網目模様を形成するように配置する必要がない。即ち格子の目、蛇行のループ又はスパイラルのターン（巻回）を密集させる必要がなく、単位面積毎の少ない格子目、蛇行ループ或いはスパイラルターンで済ませ得る。この結果、管や電熱線の長さを短縮できる。かくして本発明の熱伝導板によれば、管材料や電熱線の必要量は、熱伝導板なしの壁暖房、天井暖房又は床暖房に比べ５０％迄減少する。本発明による熱伝導板への管や電熱線の埋設は、建築現場で直接行うか、又は本発明による熱伝導板と電熱線や加熱管とで予め製作した建材要素を採用する。   A tube 2 or a heating element may be placed between the two heat conducting plates 1, 1 ′ and the two heat conducting plates 1, 1 ′ may be pressed together (see FIG. 1 c). This composite plate constructed by pressing two heat conductive plates made of expanded graphite together is very stable in shape and will not loosen again at the interface between the plates. In this configuration, a thin plate may be used to obtain a composite plate having a thickness that only slightly exceeds the diameter of the buried tube. In the heat conduction plate according to the present invention, since the thermal conductivity perpendicular to the plate plane is smaller than the parallel heat conductivity, a large distance between the plate surface and the heating element or heating tube embedded in the plate is disadvantageous. . The tubes and heating wires are arranged, for example, in a serpentine shape or a spiral shape so as to distribute heat uniformly over the plate surface. For the same reason, the heating wire of the electric heating device may be arranged in a lattice shape or a meandering shape. However, because of the high thermal conductivity of the heat conducting plate according to the present invention, the heating tube and heating wire have a conventional wall heating device, ceiling heating device and floor on the surface to be heated in order to obtain a uniform heat distribution. It is not necessary to arrange so as to form a dense mesh pattern required in the heating device. That is, it is not necessary to close the grids, meandering loops or spiral turns (windings), and only a small number of grids, meandering loops or spiral turns per unit area can be used. As a result, the length of the tube or heating wire can be shortened. Thus, according to the heat conduction plate of the present invention, the required amount of pipe material and heating wire is reduced by 50% compared to wall heating, ceiling heating or floor heating without the heat conduction plate. The pipe or heating wire is embedded in the heat conduction plate according to the present invention directly at a construction site, or a building material element manufactured in advance with the heat conduction plate according to the present invention and the heating wire or heating pipe is employed.

最も単純な実施態様では、本発明に基づく熱伝導板は、全部が膨張黒鉛から成る。本発明による熱伝導板の機能と形状安定のために、追加材および補助材、特に結合剤は不要である。しかし、母材である黒鉛膨張体に金属繊維および／又は炭素繊維を加えることで、本発明に基づく板の熱伝導率と機械強度が高まる。好適には、それらの繊維の長さは０．２〜５ｍｍである。それらの繊維の質量按分量は、好適には５〜４０％である。   In the simplest embodiment, the heat conducting plate according to the invention consists entirely of expanded graphite. For the function and shape stabilization of the heat conducting plate according to the present invention, no additional materials and auxiliary materials, especially binders, are required. However, by adding metal fibers and / or carbon fibers to the graphite expanded body as a base material, the thermal conductivity and mechanical strength of the plate according to the present invention are increased. Preferably, the length of the fibers is 0.2-5 mm. The mass apportionment amount of these fibers is preferably 5 to 40%.

本発明に基づく熱伝導板の他の実施態様では、熱伝導板を、機械的作用および別の環境的作用に対する強度並びに気密性を高めるべく、全面的或いは部分的に、プラスチック、例えば樹脂、即ち熱可塑性樹脂で含浸する。その代わりに、或いはそれに加えて、熱伝導板の１つ又は複数の表面に、部分的に或いは全面的に、特に熱伝導板の見栄えの改善と取扱いの容易化、防火、水蒸気バリヤとしての作用、断熱性と消音性の改善、衝撃感度の低下等の所定の機能を満足する塗料、被膜或いは被覆を設け得る。   In another embodiment of the heat-conducting plate according to the invention, the heat-conducting plate is wholly or partly made of plastic, for example a resin, i.e. in order to increase the strength and hermeticity against mechanical and other environmental effects. Impregnated with thermoplastic resin. Instead, or in addition, it can act on one or more surfaces of the heat transfer plate, either partially or completely, in particular to improve the appearance and ease of handling of the heat transfer plate, to act as a fire barrier or water vapor barrier. Further, a paint, film or coating satisfying predetermined functions such as improvement of heat insulation and sound deadening and reduction of impact sensitivity can be provided.

熱伝導板上の被膜、例えばワニスやプラスチック層は、見栄えおよび取扱い性を改善するだけでなく、建築物の物理機能をも引き受けるか支援する。例えば金属含有ワニス層により電磁遮蔽性を改善できる。反射ワニス層は、隣接空間への熱放射を改善する。この機能は金属、例えばアルミ箔の被覆でも満される。断熱被膜は、例えば膨張ポリスチロール、ポリウレタン、ガラスウール又はミネラルウールから成る。これらは、熱損失を防止すべく、熱伝導板の被暖房室と反対側の表面に設けるとよい。   Coatings on the heat-conducting plates, such as varnishes and plastic layers, not only improve the appearance and handling, but also take on or support the physical functions of the building. For example, electromagnetic shielding properties can be improved by a metal-containing varnish layer. The reflective varnish layer improves the heat radiation to the adjacent space. This function is also fulfilled with a coating of metal, for example aluminum foil. The thermal barrier coating is made of, for example, expanded polystyrene, polyurethane, glass wool or mineral wool. These may be provided on the surface of the heat conducting plate opposite to the heated room in order to prevent heat loss.

本発明による熱伝導板を他の機能を持つ層で被覆するのに適した材料は、フリース、紙、ベニヤ板、平面繊維材料（織物、カーペット、ニット、編物等）、孔開き鋼板およびプラスチックフィルムや金属箔である。これら層状複合体は、熱伝導の他に補助的に建築物の物理機能を満し（上述参照）、且つ熱伝導板の機械的安定性を強化する故、特に有利である。熱伝導板の端面は、例えば見栄えを改善し衝撃感度を減少するのに適した材料、例えばベニヤ板、プラスチックシート板或いは金属シート板で被覆するとよい。本発明による熱伝導板の他の建築工業用途に対し、少なくとも１つの表面に、部分的又は全面的に、他の建築材料への結合を可能にする被覆を設けるとよい。それに適した被覆材料は、パテ、漆喰、上塗り材、モルタルおよびコンクリートである。   Suitable materials for coating the heat conducting plate according to the present invention with layers having other functions include fleece, paper, plywood, flat fiber materials (woven fabric, carpet, knit, knitted fabric, etc.), perforated steel plates and plastic films, Metal foil. These layered composites are particularly advantageous because they supplement the physical function of the building in addition to heat conduction (see above) and enhance the mechanical stability of the heat conducting plate. The end face of the heat conducting plate may be coated with a material suitable for improving the appearance and reducing the impact sensitivity, for example, a veneer plate, a plastic sheet plate or a metal sheet plate. For other building industry applications of the heat-conducting plate according to the invention, at least one surface may be provided with a coating that allows partial or complete bonding to other building materials. Suitable coating materials are putty, plaster, topcoat, mortar and concrete.

本発明に基づく膨張黒鉛製の熱伝導板は、単純な平面板形状に限定されない。本発明による熱伝導板は、窪み、溝或いはビード、刻み目、よりひも（Kordel）或いは粗面、継目および貫通部および別の特別な成形部を有し得る。更に、本発明に基づく熱伝導板に、ピン、山形材、ドリフトピン、フック、アンカ或いは他の接続要素を差し込める。これら要素は、板表面或いは板端面から突出し、隣接する熱伝導板或いは他の建材要素とのかみ合い結合および／又は摩擦結合を生ずる。   The heat conductive plate made of expanded graphite according to the present invention is not limited to a simple flat plate shape. The heat-conducting plate according to the invention can have indentations, grooves or beads, notches, Kordel or rough surfaces, seams and penetrations and other special shaped parts. Furthermore, pins, chevrons, drift pins, hooks, anchors or other connecting elements can be inserted into the heat conducting plate according to the invention. These elements protrude from the plate surface or plate end face and produce an intermeshing and / or frictional connection with adjacent heat conducting plates or other building material elements.

本発明の熱伝導板を通常の建築材料と組み合わせて、完全な建材要素、例えば軽量建材要素を作れる。該要素は、本発明に基づく少なくとも１つの熱伝導板と、少なくとももう１つの建材要素、例えば木板、石膏厚紙板、レンガ、軽石、耐火レンガ、石灰砂岩、タイル、多孔性のコンクリートブロック、コンクリート板又はクリンカータイルからなる。   The heat conducting plate of the present invention can be combined with ordinary building materials to make a complete building material element, for example a lightweight building material element. The element comprises at least one heat-conducting plate according to the invention and at least another building material element such as wood board, gypsum cardboard, brick, pumice, refractory brick, lime sandstone, tile, porous concrete block, concrete board Or it consists of clinker tiles.

膨張黒鉛製の熱伝導板と、上述の層状物質或いは建築材料とから成る上述の複合体を製造するために、熱伝導板および／又は複合体の別の構成部品を、各々他方の材料と接続すべき表面に、接着剤或いは複合相手の粘着を生じさせる媒体、例えばパテ、漆喰、モルタル或いは別の結合剤を着ける。しかし、個々の複合部品間を、例えばキー継手或いは例えば弾性フックのようなスナップ継手でかみ合い結合してもよい。   In order to produce the above-mentioned composite comprising a heat conductive plate made of expanded graphite and the above-mentioned layered substance or building material, each of the other components of the heat conductive plate and / or composite is connected to the other material. On the surface to be applied, an adhesive or a medium that causes a composite partner to stick is put on, for example putty, plaster, mortar or another binder. However, the individual composite parts may be engaged with each other by, for example, a key joint or a snap joint such as an elastic hook.

本発明に基づく熱伝導板の製造は、次の（ｉ）、（ｉｉ）の基本工程を含む連続法で行える。即ち、工程（ｉ）において、黒鉛膨張体を、選択的な追加圧縮を伴って、所望の密度と厚さを持つシート板の形に圧縮する。場合によっては、次に工程（ｉｉ）で、被覆、形状形成および材料複合体を製造すべく、追加加工する。その加工は、シート板に対し連続的に行のがよい。但し、シート板からの板の切り出しは、必然的に不連続的に行う。   The production of the heat conducting plate according to the present invention can be performed by a continuous method including the following basic steps (i) and (ii). That is, in step (i), the expanded graphite is compressed into a sheet plate having a desired density and thickness with selective additional compression. In some cases, step (ii) is then further processed to produce a coating, shape formation and material composite. The processing is preferably performed continuously on the sheet plate. However, the cutting of the plate from the sheet plate is necessarily performed discontinuously.

公知の黒鉛フィルム製造方法の場合、膨張した黒鉛粒子を、圧縮機およびロール対、通常は２組のロール対を経て導き、その際黒鉛膨張体を圧縮機に連続して供給する。ロール対間に、材料を加熱する加熱領域を配置する。この領域の温度は約６００℃であり、緻密化時に材料から空気を排除するために用いる。圧縮機並びにロール対で、黒鉛膨張体に方向を整えて圧力を加え、その圧力で黒鉛粒子に層平面の平行な方向づけを生じさせる。この方法で、非常に薄い（厚さ０．１５〜３ｍｍの）フィルムが得られる。本発明に基づく熱伝導板に対し、そのような薄さは不要である。総密度が２．５〜５ｇ／リットルの範囲にある黒鉛膨張体から、織物ベルト間の圧縮により既に、即ちロール対での更なる圧縮なしに、黒鉛を際立って方向づけしたシート板が得られることが明らかとなっている。   In the case of a known graphite film production method, expanded graphite particles are guided through a compressor and a roll pair, usually two pairs of rolls, and the graphite expanded body is continuously supplied to the compressor. A heating region for heating the material is disposed between the pair of rolls. The temperature in this region is about 600 ° C. and is used to exclude air from the material during densification. With a compressor and a roll pair, the graphite expanded body is oriented and pressure is applied, and the pressure causes the graphite particles to be oriented parallel to the layer plane. In this way very thin films (thickness 0.15-3 mm) are obtained. Such a thinness is not necessary for the heat conducting plate according to the present invention. From a graphite expanded body with a total density in the range of 2.5 to 5 g / l, sheet sheets are obtained in which the graphite is markedly oriented by compression between the woven belts, ie without further compression in roll pairs. Is clear.

圧縮機から出た直後に、シート板に別の処理、例えば含浸処理を施し、或いは他の材料で被覆する。場合によっては、母材として使用する黒鉛膨張体を圧縮機に入れる前に、炭素繊維や金属繊維を添加する。しかし、僅か１０〜１５ｍｍの板厚さおよび／又は高い材料密度（０．５ｇ／ｃｍ3）が必要な際、圧縮機から連続して到来する黒鉛シート板を、１組および／又は２組のロール対を通して導くことが重要であり、その際、ロール対間において加熱することもできる。この圧縮工程は、目的に適って、例えばフリースおよび紙、平面繊維材料（織物、カーペット、ニット、編物等）、プラスチックフィルム並びに金属箔のような他の平面材料から成る覆い層の設置と組み合わされる。 Immediately after leaving the compressor, the sheet plate is subjected to another treatment, for example an impregnation treatment, or coated with another material. In some cases, carbon fiber or metal fiber is added before the graphite expanded body used as a base material is put into the compressor. However, when a plate thickness of only 10-15 mm and / or a high material density (0.5 g / cm 3 ) is required, one and / or two sets of graphite sheet plates coming continuously from the compressor It is important to guide through the roll pairs, in which case heating can also take place between the roll pairs. This compression process is suitable for the purpose and combined with the installation of a covering layer made of other flat materials such as fleece and paper, flat fiber materials (woven fabrics, carpets, knits, knitted fabrics, etc.), plastic films and metal foils. .

それに連続的に或いは不連続的に続く次の工程で、選択的な追加圧縮を伴う連続圧縮過程で得た黒鉛シート板又は該シート板から切り出すか打抜いた板を、所望の使用形状にする。以下で全般的に追加加工と呼ぶこの工程は、含浸、被覆、冷間プレス法での板／シート板の部分変形および／又は圧縮、角形形成、例えばシート板／板の機械加工による形状成形、加熱管或いは電熱線の埋設、並びに本発明に基づく熱伝導板と通常の建材要素とから成る複合建材要素の製造のような多種多様の加工過程を含む。   In the next step, which continues continuously or discontinuously, the graphite sheet plate obtained in the continuous compression process with selective additional compression or the plate cut or punched from the sheet plate is made into a desired shape. . This process, generally referred to as additional processing below, includes impregnation, coating, partial deformation and / or compression of the plate / sheet plate in the cold pressing method, forming a square, eg shaping the sheet plate / plate by machining, It includes a wide variety of processing processes, such as the embedment of heating tubes or heating wires, and the manufacture of composite building material elements consisting of heat conducting plates and ordinary building material elements according to the present invention.

含浸および表面被覆処理に対し、従来からの多種多様な方法が利用できる。含浸処理は例えば浸漬法、吹付け法或いは加圧法、真空法又は真空法と加圧法との組合せ並びに流動床でも行える。ここで被覆とは、本発明に基づく板の表面を他の材料から成る層で覆うあらゆる処理を意味する。その材料は、液体に溶解或いは分散され、又は粉末状並びに平面層材料として存在する。かかる被覆は、例えば塗装法、ワニス塗り法、吹付け法、積層法或いは巻付け法で形成され、これら方法では、含浸法と異なり、本発明に基づく板の内部の完全浸透は生じない。本発明の特別な実施態様では、建材部品を溶融樹脂で被覆する。これは例えば温度調整流動床で行うか、押出し法で行うか或いは板の大きさから許されるなら、射出成形法で行える。本発明による熱伝導板と、シート板紙、フィルム、鋼板、ベニヤ板、フリース又は平面状繊維織物、或いはポリスチロール板やポリウレタン板等の建材半製品、ガラス繊維板、ミネラルウール板、木板、石膏厚紙板、耐火レンガ、レンガ、石灰砂岩、軽石、タイル、多孔性のコンクリートブロック或いはコンクリート板、リアポール石のような別の層材料との複合が、互いに接続すべき片側面又は両側面における接着剤、結合剤、パテ、モルタルおよび漆喰の利用、或いは材料間のかみ合い結合継手、例えばキー継手や弾性フック等のスナップ継手の形成によって行える。   A wide variety of conventional methods are available for impregnation and surface coating treatments. The impregnation treatment can be performed by, for example, an immersion method, a spraying method or a pressure method, a vacuum method or a combination of a vacuum method and a pressure method, and a fluidized bed. Covering here means any treatment in which the surface of the plate according to the invention is covered with a layer made of another material. The material is dissolved or dispersed in a liquid, or exists as a powder as well as a planar layer material. Such a coating is formed, for example, by a coating method, a varnishing method, a spraying method, a laminating method or a winding method, and in these methods, unlike the impregnation method, complete penetration of the inside of the plate according to the present invention does not occur. In a special embodiment of the invention, the building material part is coated with molten resin. This can be done, for example, in a temperature controlled fluidized bed, by extrusion, or by injection molding if allowed by the size of the plate. Heat conductive plate according to the present invention, sheet paperboard, film, steel plate, plywood, fleece or flat fiber fabric, or semi-finished building materials such as polystyrene plate and polyurethane plate, glass fiber board, mineral wool board, wood board, gypsum cardboard board Adhesives, bonds on one or both sides to be connected to each other, composites with refractory bricks, bricks, lime sandstone, pumice, tiles, porous concrete blocks or concrete plates, rear pole stones, etc. It is possible to use agents, putty, mortar, and plaster, or to form interlock joints between materials, for example, snap joints such as key joints and elastic hooks.

黒鉛シート板をもう一度、冷間圧縮法で、ロール対で又はプレスにより不連続的に、全面的又は部分的に変形させ、圧縮する。圧縮と同時に、例えば溝やビード、刻み目、かがり溝又は粗面を形成すべく、エンボス加工ロールで形状成形を行う。これは、覆い層の設置前と設置後に行える。溝、接合部又は貫通部を製造するのに適した方法は、例えば切削加工、打抜き加工、エンボス加工、フライス加工、旋盤加工および形削り加工である。その機械加工の特に優れた方式は、噴射水切削法である。或いはその加工のため、摩耗粒子ビーム（サンドブラスト、凍結ＣＯ2小球）又はレーザビームが利用できる。 The graphite sheet plate is once again deformed and compressed, either in a cold compression manner, discontinuously, in pairs with a roll or with a press, either completely or partially. Simultaneously with the compression, the shape is formed with an embossing roll so as to form, for example, a groove, a bead, a notch, a grooved groove or a rough surface. This can be done before and after the covering layer is installed. Suitable methods for producing grooves, joints or penetrations are, for example, cutting, stamping, embossing, milling, turning and shaping. A particularly excellent method of machining is a spray water cutting method. Alternatively, a wear particle beam (sand blast, frozen CO 2 globules) or a laser beam can be used for the processing.

追加加工の段階で、場合によっては、熱媒体分配用管や電熱線のような機能構成要素の設置も行う。或いは、これを建築現場で直接行ってもよい。その追加加工は、特にロール製品として利用できず、例えば鋼板或いはボール紙、石膏および木材から成る板製品としてしか利用できない材料から被膜や複合体を製造する際、不連続的に行う。圧縮直後に得られたシート板にはまだ存在せず、シート板を板の形に切り出した際に初めて生ずる板端面のような面を被覆し、或いは他の方法で加工せねばならない際にも、不連続方法が必要である。更に、不連続的な追加加工は、作業工程の空間的、時間的分離を可能とする。   In the stage of additional processing, in some cases, functional components such as heat medium distribution pipes and heating wires are also installed. Alternatively, this may be done directly at the construction site. The additional processing is not performed as a roll product in particular, but is performed discontinuously when a film or a composite is manufactured from a material that can only be used as a plate product made of, for example, a steel plate or cardboard, gypsum and wood. Even when the sheet plate obtained immediately after compression does not exist yet, it must be processed by other methods such as coating the end face of the plate that occurs only when the sheet plate is cut into a plate shape. A discontinuous method is needed. Furthermore, the discontinuous additional processing enables spatial and temporal separation of work processes.

２枚の織物ベルト間で粉末状黒鉛膨張体を連続して圧縮することで、厚さ２５ｍｍのシート板を製造した。この板から、長さ３０ｃｍ、幅３０ｃｍのサンプルを切り出し、その密度を測定した。その結果、０．０２７ｇ／ｃｍ3の値を得た。更に、ｘ、ｙおよびｚ方向における比熱伝導率と比電気抵抗を測定した。その結果を、次の表１にまとめて示す。 A sheet-like plate having a thickness of 25 mm was produced by continuously compressing a powdery graphite expanded body between two woven belts. A sample having a length of 30 cm and a width of 30 cm was cut out from the plate, and the density was measured. As a result, a value of 0.027 g / cm 3 was obtained. Furthermore, the specific heat conductivity and specific resistance in the x, y and z directions were measured. The results are summarized in Table 1 below.

Figure 2006064296
Figure 2006064296

電気伝導率並びに熱伝導率は際立った異方性を示す。熱および電流の伝達は、板表面に対し平行に、即ち、黒鉛層平面に沿って生ずる。   Electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity show significant anisotropy. Heat and current transfer occurs parallel to the plate surface, ie along the graphite layer plane.

３０×７０ｃｍの面積を持つ層複合建材部品を製造した。それを図２に示す。この複合体は、厚さ１８ｍｍの硬質繊維板４と、圧縮された黒鉛膨張体から成る厚さ９ｍｍの熱伝導板１と、厚さ１ｍｍの孔開き鋼板５とから成る。熱伝導板の背面の硬質繊維板４は断熱のため、正面の孔開き鋼板５は見栄えの改善のために用いる。硬質繊維板と熱伝導板は互いに貼着してある。孔開き鋼板は、層複合体をその長手側面で取り囲み、硬質繊維板４に存在する長手溝６、６′に固定保持されている。この層複合体は、例えば空調天井を構成するのに適する。熱伝導板１の硬質繊維板４と反対側の表面に、アルキメデス状スパイラル７の形に巻回した直径６ｍｍのプラスチック管（以下で加熱スパイラルと呼ぶ）を、これが板表面と面一になるように埋設した。スパイラルの最外側ターンの直径は２１ｃｍとした。スパイラル７を板１のほぼ中央に配置した。即ち、スパイラル７の最外側ターンと板右側縁との距離を、板左側縁との距離とほぼ同じにし、最外側ターンと板上縁との距離を、板下縁との距離とほぼ同じにした。   A layer composite building material part having an area of 30 × 70 cm was produced. This is shown in FIG. This composite is composed of a hard fiber plate 4 having a thickness of 18 mm, a heat conductive plate 1 having a thickness of 9 mm made of a compressed graphite expanded body, and a perforated steel plate 5 having a thickness of 1 mm. The hard fiber plate 4 on the back side of the heat conductive plate is used for heat insulation, and the front perforated steel plate 5 is used for improving the appearance. The hard fiber board and the heat conductive board are adhered to each other. The perforated steel sheet surrounds the layer composite on its longitudinal side surface and is fixedly held in the longitudinal grooves 6 and 6 ′ existing in the hard fiber board 4. This layer composite is suitable, for example, for constituting an air-conditioned ceiling. A 6 mm diameter plastic tube (hereinafter referred to as a heating spiral) wound in the form of an Archimedean spiral 7 on the surface of the heat conducting plate 1 opposite to the hard fiber plate 4 is flush with the plate surface. Buried in. The diameter of the outermost turn of the spiral was 21 cm. A spiral 7 was placed in the approximate center of the plate 1. That is, the distance between the outermost turn of the spiral 7 and the right edge of the plate is made substantially the same as the distance with the left edge of the plate, and the distance between the outermost turn and the upper edge of the plate is made almost the same as the distance with the lower edge of the plate. did.

図３は、加熱スパイラル７を埋設した熱伝導板１を平面図で示す。比較対照のため、同じ寸法の層複合体を製造した。該層複合体は、本発明に基づく熱伝導板の代わりに、黒鉛板に埋設した加熱スパイラルと同じ大きさの３つの加熱スパイラルを互いに並べて埋設した石膏厚紙板を含む。これら両被試験体の加熱スパイラルに５０℃の温水を貫流させた。両板の表面の、温水の貫流時間に応じた温度分布の変化を、赤外線サーモグラフィで追跡して検出した。試験の開始時、両側表面は２５℃の温度を有し、表面にわたる温度勾配は認められなかった。板のスパイラルで包囲された領域とその周辺の温度の時間的経過を、表２に示す。   FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the heat conductive plate 1 in which the heating spiral 7 is embedded. For comparison purposes, a layer composite of the same dimensions was produced. The layer composite includes, instead of the heat conductive plate according to the present invention, a gypsum cardboard board in which three heating spirals having the same size as the heating spiral embedded in the graphite plate are embedded side by side. Hot water of 50 ° C. was allowed to flow through the heating spirals of both the test objects. Changes in the temperature distribution on the surfaces of both plates according to the hot water flow-through time were tracked and detected by infrared thermography. At the start of the test, both surfaces had a temperature of 25 ° C. and no temperature gradient across the surface was observed. Table 2 shows the time course of the temperature surrounded by the spiral region of the plate and the surrounding temperature.

Figure 2006064296
Figure 2006064296

本発明による熱伝導板を備えた被試験体では、膨張黒鉛の高い横方向熱伝導率のため、通常の石膏板と３つの加熱スパイラルを備える被試験体に比べて、唯一の加熱スパイラルで、極めて急速な加熱および一様な温度分布が得られた。   In the test object provided with the heat conductive plate according to the present invention, due to the high lateral thermal conductivity of the expanded graphite, it is the only heating spiral compared to the test sample provided with a normal gypsum plate and three heating spirals. Very rapid heating and uniform temperature distribution was obtained.

ａからｃは熱媒体を分配する管を備えた本発明に基づく熱伝導板の断面図。a to c are cross-sectional views of a heat conducting plate according to the present invention provided with tubes for distributing a heat medium. 本発明に基づく熱伝導板を備えた空調天井用の建材要素の断面図。Sectional drawing of the building material element for an air-conditioning ceiling provided with the heat conductive board based on this invention. 加熱スパイラルが埋設された本発明に基づく熱伝導板の平面図。The top view of the heat conductive board based on this invention with which the heating spiral was embed | buried.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１、１′ 熱伝導板、２ 流体熱媒体媒体貫流用の管、３ 塗料又は破砕黒鉛材で充填された空間、４ 硬質繊維板、５ 孔開き鋼板、６、６′ 長手溝、７ 加熱スパイラル 1, 1 'heat conduction plate, 2 pipe for fluid heat medium flow, 3 space filled with paint or crushed graphite material, 4 hard fiber plate, 5 perforated steel plate, 6, 6' longitudinal groove, 7 heating spiral

Claims (32)

接着剤なしの圧縮された膨張黒鉛から成る軽量構造熱伝導板であって、板表面に対し平行な熱伝導率が、垂直な熱伝導率より少なくとも５０％高いことを特徴とする板。   A lightweight structural heat conductive plate made of compressed expanded graphite without adhesive, characterized in that the thermal conductivity parallel to the plate surface is at least 50% higher than the vertical thermal conductivity. 板表面に対し平行な熱伝導率が、少なくとも５．５Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋであることを特徴とする請求項１記載の板。   2. The plate according to claim 1, wherein the thermal conductivity parallel to the plate surface is at least 5.5 W / m · K. 厚さが８〜５０ｍｍであり、板材料の密度が０．０１〜０．５ｇ／ｃｍ3であることを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の板。 The plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness is 8 to 50 mm, and the density of the plate material is 0.01 to 0.5 g / cm 3 . 厚さが１５〜４０ｍｍであることを特徴とする請求項１から３の１つに記載の板。   The plate according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the thickness is 15 to 40 mm. 板材料の密度が０．０５〜０．２５ｇ／ｃｍ3であることを特徴とする請求項１から４の１つに記載の板。 5. The plate according to claim 1, wherein the density of the plate material is 0.05 to 0.25 g / cm < 3 >. 含浸剤を含有することを特徴とする請求項１から５の１つに記載の板。   6. A plate according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it contains an impregnating agent. 少なくとも１つの表面が、全面的に又は部分的に、塗料或いはプラスチックで被覆されたことを特徴とする請求項１から６の１つに記載の板。   7. A plate according to claim 1, wherein at least one surface is entirely or partially coated with paint or plastic. 少なくとも１つの表面が、全面的に又は部分的に、金属箔、プラスチックフィルム、孔開き鋼板、繊維平面形状物、ベニヤ板、フリース或いは紙で被覆されたことを特徴とする請求項１から７の１つに記載の板。   8. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least one surface is entirely or partially covered with a metal foil, a plastic film, a perforated steel sheet, a flat fiber shaped article, a plywood board, a fleece or paper. The board described in one. 少なくとも１つの表面が、全面的又は部分的に、断熱材料で被覆されたことを特徴とする請求項１から８の１つに記載の板。   9. A plate according to claim 1, wherein at least one surface is entirely or partly coated with a heat insulating material. 断熱層が、膨張されたポリスチロール、ポリウレタン、ガラスウール或いはミネラルウールを含むことを特徴とする請求項９記載の板。   The board according to claim 9, wherein the heat insulating layer contains expanded polystyrene, polyurethane, glass wool or mineral wool. 少なくとも１つの表面が、全面的或いは部分的に、パテ、漆喰、上塗り材、モルタル或いはコンクリートで被覆されたことを特徴とする請求項１から１０の１つに記載の板。   11. The plate according to claim 1, wherein at least one surface is entirely or partially covered with putty, plaster, topcoat, mortar or concrete. 窪み、溝、ビード、刻み目、よりひも、粗面、継目又は貫通部を有することを特徴とする請求項１から１１の１つに記載の板。   A plate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a recess, a groove, a bead, a score, a string, a rough surface, a seam or a penetration. 他の軽量構造熱伝導板或いは別の構成要素との摩擦継手或いはかみ合い継手を形成するために、ピン、山形材、ドリフトピン、フック、アンカ或いは他の装置を有することを特徴とする請求項１から１２の１つに記載の板。   2. A pin, chevron, drift pin, hook, anchor, or other device for forming a friction or mating joint with another lightweight structural heat conducting plate or another component. A plate according to one of 12 to 12. 軽量構造熱伝導板が、流体熱媒体媒体を分配するための管或いは電気加熱用導線を含むことを特徴とする請求項１から１３の１つに記載の板。   14. A plate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lightweight structural heat conducting plate comprises a tube for distributing the fluid heat transfer medium or an electrical heating conductor. 管の管壁が板表面と面一になるよう、板表面に埋設されたことを特徴とする請求項１４記載の板。   The plate according to claim 14, wherein the plate wall is embedded in the plate surface so that the tube wall is flush with the plate surface. 管が、その管外周面の一部が浮き彫り状に板表面から突出するように、板表面に埋設されたことを特徴とする請求項１４記載の板。   15. The plate according to claim 14, wherein the tube is embedded in the plate surface so that a part of the outer peripheral surface of the tube protrudes from the plate surface in a relief shape. 請求項１から１３の１つに記載の軽量構造熱伝導板を２枚重ね合わせて構成された軽量構造熱伝導板複合体において、流体熱媒体媒体を分配するための管或いは電気加熱用導線が、２枚の板間に埋設されたことを特徴とする複合体。   14. A lightweight structural heat conducting plate composite comprising two lightweight structural heat conducting plates according to claim 1, wherein a tube or electric heating conductor for distributing a fluid heat medium is provided. A composite characterized in that it is embedded between two plates. 電熱線が板表面に埋設されたことを特徴とする請求項１４記載の軽量構造熱伝導板。   15. The lightweight structure heat conduction plate according to claim 14, wherein the heating wire is embedded in the plate surface. 電熱線が板表面に敷かれたことを特徴とする請求項１４記載の軽量構造熱伝導板。   15. The lightweight structure heat conduction plate according to claim 14, wherein a heating wire is laid on the surface of the plate. 請求項１から１３の１つに記載の少なくとも１つの軽量構造熱伝導板と、木板、石膏厚紙板、耐火レンガ、タイル、多孔性のコンクリートブロック或いはコンクリート板、レンガ、石灰砂岩、軽石、リアポール石或いはクリンカータイルの群からの少なくとも１つの別の構成要素とを含むことを特徴とする建築工業における用途の複合建材要素。   14. At least one lightweight structural heat-conducting plate according to one of claims 1 to 13, wood board, gypsum cardboard board, refractory brick, tile, porous concrete block or concrete board, brick, lime sandstone, pumice stone, rear pole stone Or a composite building material element for use in the building industry, characterized in that it comprises at least one other component from the group of clinker tiles. 複合建材要素が、接着剤、付着仲介剤或いは結合剤によって互いに結合されたことを特徴とする請求項２０記載の複合建材要素。   21. The composite building material element according to claim 20, wherein the composite building material elements are bonded to each other by an adhesive, an adhesion mediator, or a binder. 建材が互いにかみ合い結合されたことを特徴とする請求項２０記載の複合建材要素。   21. The composite building material element according to claim 20, wherein the building materials are meshed with each other. 請求項１から２２の１つに記載の軽量構造熱伝導板或いは複合建材要素を、床暖房、天井暖房或いは天井空調に利用する以外に、建屋、自動車、機械設備および容器において熱伝達および放熱のために利用することを特徴とする利用方法。   In addition to using the lightweight structural heat conducting plate or composite building material element according to one of claims 1 to 22 for floor heating, ceiling heating or ceiling air conditioning, heat transfer and heat dissipation in buildings, automobiles, mechanical equipment and containers The utilization method characterized by using for the purpose. 請求項１から５の１つに記載の軽量構造熱伝導板の製造方法において、連続供給される黒鉛膨張体を、圧縮機の織物ベルト間でシート板の形に圧縮し、該シート板から所望の大きさの板を切り出すことを特徴とする方法。   In the manufacturing method of the lightweight structure heat conductive board as described in any one of Claim 1 to 5, the graphite expansion body supplied continuously is compressed in the shape of a sheet board between the fabric belts of a compressor, and desired from this sheet board A method characterized by cutting a board of a size. シート板の厚さが８〜５０ｍｍであり、シート板の密度が０．０１〜０．５ｇ／ｃｍ3であることを特徴とする請求項２４記載の方法。 25. The method according to claim 24, wherein the thickness of the sheet plate is 8 to 50 mm and the density of the sheet plate is 0.01 to 0.5 g / cm < 3 >. 圧縮機で得たシート板を、続いてロール対間で追加圧縮し、その圧縮および追加圧縮を連続プロセスで実施することを特徴とする請求項２４記載の方法。   25. A method according to claim 24, characterized in that the sheet plate obtained in the compressor is subsequently additionally compressed between the roll pairs, and the compression and the additional compression are carried out in a continuous process. ロール対間での追加圧縮過程を、被覆の設置と組み合わせて実施することを特徴とする請求項２６記載の方法。   27. The method according to claim 26, wherein the additional compression process between the roll pairs is carried out in combination with the installation of the coating. 圧縮し、場合により追加圧縮したシート板を含浸および／又は被覆し、それらの圧縮、場合による追加圧縮、含浸および／又は被覆の工程を、連続プロセスで実施することを特徴とする請求項２４から２７の１つに記載の方法。   The compressed and optionally additionally compressed sheet plates are impregnated and / or coated, and the compression, optionally additional compression, impregnation and / or coating steps are carried out in a continuous process. 28. The method according to one of 27. シート板又はそこから切り出した板を、噴射水、レーザビーム又は研摩粒子ビームでテクスチュア加工することを特徴とする請求項２４から２８の１つに記載の方法。   29. The method according to claim 24, wherein the sheet plate or the plate cut therefrom is textured with jet water, a laser beam or an abrasive particle beam. シート板或いはそこから切り出した板を、エンボス加工ロールで成形することを特徴とする請求項２４から２９の１つに記載の方法。   30. The method according to claim 24, wherein the sheet plate or a plate cut out therefrom is formed with an embossing roll. シート板又はそこから切り出した板を、冷間プレスで成形し、圧縮することを特徴とする請求項２４から３０の１つに記載の方法。   31. A method according to one of claims 24 to 30, characterized in that the sheet plate or the plate cut out therefrom is molded and compressed with a cold press. シート板或いはそこから切り出した板の表面に、流体熱媒体媒体を分配するための管を埋設することを特徴とする請求項２４から３１の１つに記載の方法。   32. The method according to claim 24, wherein a pipe for distributing the fluid heat transfer medium is embedded in the surface of the sheet plate or a plate cut out therefrom.
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