JP2006057082A - Method for producing carbon-containing molded product and method for melting treatment of waste using the carbon-containing molded product - Google Patents

Method for producing carbon-containing molded product and method for melting treatment of waste using the carbon-containing molded product Download PDF

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JP2006057082A
JP2006057082A JP2005209611A JP2005209611A JP2006057082A JP 2006057082 A JP2006057082 A JP 2006057082A JP 2005209611 A JP2005209611 A JP 2005209611A JP 2005209611 A JP2005209611 A JP 2005209611A JP 2006057082 A JP2006057082 A JP 2006057082A
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carbon
molded product
crushing strength
binder
producing
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Takeshi Nishi
猛 西
Kosuke Hoshisawa
康介 星沢
Hideji Shibaike
秀治 芝池
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Nippon Steel Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing an inexpensive carbon-containing molded product which can be used in place of coke and molded coke, and a method for treating a waste using the carbon-containing molded product thus produced. <P>SOLUTION: The method for producing the carbon-containing molded product comprises adding a binder to a powder coke to mix and mold, thereby to provide a molded product having a collapsing strength of 50 kg or more, wherein the powder coke to be used is harder than coal and has an average particle size of 40-1,000 μm. The molded product is further carbonized, allowing the binder to melt or coke, thereby to increase binding force of the particles and to improve the collapsing strength of the molded product. The carbon-containing molded product thus produced is employed as a heat source for treating a waste. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、炭素分を含有する炭素分含有成形物の製造方法及び炭素分含有成形物を利用した廃棄物溶融処理方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for producing a carbon-containing molded product containing carbon and a waste melting treatment method using the carbon-containing molded product.

一般廃棄物、産業廃棄物等の廃棄物の溶融処理には熱源及び炉下部での火格子形成のためにコークスが使用されている。   Coke is used for melting of waste such as general waste and industrial waste to form a grate at the heat source and the lower part of the furnace.

図８は従来の廃棄物溶融処理設備の説明図で、シャフト炉型の廃棄物溶融炉１には、廃棄物が、副資材であるコークス、石灰石とともに、炉上部から２重シール弁機構の装入装置２を介して装入され、炉内で乾燥、熱分解、燃焼、溶融の過程を経て出滓口３からスラグが排出される。廃棄物溶融炉１の炉上部から装入されたコークスは、炉下部に取り付けた下段羽口４から吹き込まれる酸素富化空気により燃焼して熱源となり、さらに炉下部で高温の火格子を形成する。廃棄物中の灰分は溶融し火格子の間を滴下してスラグ化される。廃棄物中の可燃物は、一部が乾留されてガスとなって排出され、また一部は炉下部で羽口から吹き込まれた空気及び酸素によって燃焼するが、残りの可燃物は可燃性ダストとなって廃棄物溶融炉１の炉頂から排出される。廃棄物溶融炉１から排出された可燃性ガスと可燃性ダストは、燃焼室５で燃焼され、ボイラー６で熱回収が行われ、発生した蒸気は蒸気タービン・発電装置７へ送られる。ボイラー６の排ガスは、集じん装置８で固気分離され、ブロワ９により煙突１０から排出される。   FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a conventional waste melting treatment facility. In the shaft furnace type waste melting furnace 1, the waste is loaded with auxiliary materials such as coke and limestone, and a double seal valve mechanism is installed from the top of the furnace. The slag is charged through the charging device 2 and discharged from the tap 3 through the drying, pyrolysis, combustion and melting processes in the furnace. The coke charged from the upper part of the waste melting furnace 1 is burned by the oxygen-enriched air blown from the lower tuyere 4 attached to the lower part of the furnace and becomes a heat source, and further forms a high-temperature grate at the lower part of the furnace. . The ash content in the waste is melted and dripped between the grate to form slag. Some of the combustibles in the waste are carbonized and discharged as gas, and some are combusted by air and oxygen blown from the tuyeres at the bottom of the furnace, while the remaining combustibles are combustible dust. And discharged from the top of the waste melting furnace 1. The combustible gas and combustible dust discharged from the waste melting furnace 1 are combusted in the combustion chamber 5, heat is recovered in the boiler 6, and the generated steam is sent to the steam turbine / power generation device 7. The exhaust gas from the boiler 6 is separated into solid and gas by the dust collector 8 and discharged from the chimney 10 by the blower 9.

上述のとおり、廃棄物溶融処理において、コークスは廃棄物溶融炉の熱源及び火格子の形成に不可欠の資材であり、コークスの他に成形炭から製造した成形コークスも使用可能である。   As described above, in waste melting treatment, coke is an indispensable material for forming a heat source and a grate for a waste melting furnace, and in addition to coke, formed coke manufactured from formed coal can also be used.

成形コークスの原料となる成形炭の製造技術としては、原料の石炭にバインダを混合し、成形し、成形炭とする方法が知られている（例えば、特許文献１、２参照）。図９は従来の成形炭製造法を示す概略図で、石炭はミキサ１２でバインダと混練され、成形機１３で成形物に成形され、その後、成形物はコークス炉で乾留されて成形コークスが製造される。
特開昭５７−１０５４８９号公報 特開昭６２−３４９８３号公報 As a technique for producing a forming coal that is a raw material for forming coke, a method is known in which a raw material coal is mixed with a binder, formed, and formed into a forming coal (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2). FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional method for producing coal, in which coal is kneaded with a binder by a mixer 12, formed into a molded product by a molding machine 13, and then the molded product is dry-distilled in a coke oven to produce molded coke. Is done.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 57-105489 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-34983

廃棄物溶融処理に使用するコークス及び成形コークスは、原料として高価な石炭を使用するため、製造コストが高くなり、それにともなって処理コストが高くなるという欠点があり、処理コストを低減させるために各種の方法が模索されており、熱源についても、コークス及び成形コークスに代わる熱源が求められている。   Coke and molded coke used for waste melting treatment use expensive coal as a raw material, which increases manufacturing costs and accordingly increases processing costs. As a heat source, a heat source that replaces coke and formed coke is also required.

そこで、本発明は、コークス及び成形コークスに代わる安価な炭素分含有成形物の製造方法及び得られた炭素分含有成形物を利用した廃棄物処理方法を提供するものである。   Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for producing an inexpensive carbon-containing molded product in place of coke and molded coke, and a waste treatment method using the obtained carbon-containing molded product.

本発明は、粉コークスにバインダを添加し、混合、成形することにより、圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の炭素分含有成形物を得る。この時、石炭と比較して硬い粉コークスを原料とし、粉コークスの平均粒径を４０〜１０００μｍとすることにより、圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の炭素分含有成形物を製造できる。粉コークスは、例えばＣＤＱ（コークス乾式消火設備）のダストキャッチャで捕集した４０〜１０００μｍのものを利用する。圧潰強度は、従来の成形炭より製造した成形コークスは高炉の高所から装入するために圧潰強度が６００ｋｇ以上必要であるが、本発明による燃料用成形物は廃棄物溶融炉で使用するので、圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上あれば火格子を形成することができる。   In the present invention, a carbon-containing molded product having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more is obtained by adding a binder to powder coke, mixing, and molding. At this time, a carbon-containing molded product having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more can be produced by using hard powder coke as a raw material compared with coal and setting the average particle size of the powder coke to 40 to 1000 μm. For example, 40 to 1000 μm of powder coke collected by a dust catcher of CDQ (coke dry fire extinguishing equipment) is used. The crushing strength of the molded coke produced from conventional coking coal requires a crushing strength of 600 kg or more in order to be charged from the height of the blast furnace, but the molded product for fuel according to the present invention is used in a waste melting furnace. If the crushing strength is 50 kg or more, a grate can be formed.

また、成形した炭素分含有成形物をさらに乾留することで、バインダが溶融もしくはコークス化し、各粒子の結合力がさらに上昇し、炭素分含有成形物の圧潰強度が向上する。粉コークスの粒径を調整することで、圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の炭素含有成形物を製造することが可能である。   Further, by further dry distillation of the molded carbon-containing molded product, the binder is melted or coke, the bonding strength of each particle is further increased, and the crushing strength of the carbon-containing molded product is improved. By adjusting the particle size of the powder coke, a carbon-containing molded product having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more can be produced.

前記の粉コークスは、固定炭素を多く含む粉状物であるが、同様の成分、粒径をもつ粉状物でも粉コークスの場合と同様の炭素分含有成形物を製造することが可能である。ただし、木をはじめとするバイオマスについては、粉砕し、バインダとともに混合し成形することで、成形物化することは可能であるが、圧潰強度が低下する。これを乾留しても、バイオマスは揮発分が多いため、乾留後の回収率が低下する上、圧潰強度が弱くなる。そこで、本発明は、一旦乾留したバイオマス炭化物とバインダを混合し成形することで、粉コークス成形物と同様の圧潰強度を達成できる。ここで、バイオマス炭化物はバインダとの混合前に粉砕し粒径１０〜３０００μｍに調整する。一方、バイオマスを炭化しない場合は、事前に乾燥することで、バイオマスに多く含まれる水分を除去可能であるため、その成形物は粉コークスと同様の圧潰強度を達成できる。このときの乾燥温度は、５０〜３５０℃程度あれば十分であり、これ以上の温度では乾燥機の中でバイオマスが燃焼してしまう。バイオマスはバインダとの混合前に粉砕し粒径１０〜３０００μｍに調整する。乾燥と粉砕の順序は、バイオマスの性状に応じて適宜選択すればよい。また、バイオマスの性状によっては乾燥が不要な場合もある。   The powdered coke is a powdery product containing a large amount of fixed carbon, but it is possible to produce a carbon-containing molded product similar to that of powdered coke even with a powdery product having the same components and particle size. . However, biomass such as wood can be formed into a molded product by pulverizing, mixing with a binder, and molding, but the crushing strength is reduced. Even if this is dry-distilled, since biomass has much volatile content, the recovery rate after dry-distillation will fall, and also crushing strength will become weak. Therefore, the present invention can achieve the same crushing strength as that of the powder coke molding by mixing and carbonizing the biomass carbide once carbonized and the binder. Here, the biomass carbide is pulverized before mixing with the binder to adjust the particle size to 10 to 3000 μm. On the other hand, when the biomass is not carbonized, moisture contained in the biomass can be removed by drying in advance, so that the molded product can achieve the same crushing strength as that of the powder coke. The drying temperature at this time is sufficient if it is about 50 to 350 ° C., and the biomass is burned in the dryer at a temperature higher than this. The biomass is pulverized before mixing with the binder and adjusted to a particle size of 10 to 3000 μm. What is necessary is just to select the order of drying and grinding | pulverization suitably according to the property of biomass. Moreover, drying may be unnecessary depending on the property of biomass.

また、本発明の原料としては、炭素分を持つものであればよいので、廃棄物を原料とすることも可能である。しかし、その場合、例えば一般家庭から排出される都市ごみでは、高水分かつ高揮発分であるため、圧潰強度を高くするには、乾燥及び乾留した後、その乾留残渣をバインダと混合成形し、さらに乾留することで圧潰強度の高い炭素分含有成形物を製造することができる。なお、乾留残渣は廃棄物の形状に影響され、その粒径も様々である上に、金属や瓦礫などが含まれているので、乾留残渣から金属類や瓦礫を取り除き、粒径１０〜３０００μｍに粒度調整することで、高品質の成形物が製造可能となる。   Moreover, since the raw material of this invention should just have a carbon content, it is also possible to use a waste material as a raw material. However, in that case, for example, municipal waste discharged from ordinary households has high moisture and high volatility, so in order to increase the crushing strength, after drying and dry distillation, the dry distillation residue is mixed with a binder, Furthermore, a carbon-containing molded product having high crushing strength can be produced by dry distillation. The dry distillation residue is affected by the shape of the waste, and its particle size varies. In addition, metal and rubble are included, so the metal and rubble are removed from the dry distillation residue to a particle size of 10 to 3000 μm. By adjusting the particle size, a high-quality molded product can be produced.

また、廃棄物を乾留して発生したチャーにバインダを添加して成形した後５００℃〜１４００℃の範囲にて乾留して、圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物を製造することができる。廃棄物を乾留したチャーは、固定炭素を多く含み、粉コークスと性状が同様であるため、粉コークス成形物と同様の強度が達成できる。   In addition, a carbon-containing molded product having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more is manufactured by adding a binder to a char generated by carbonizing waste and molding and then carbonizing in a range of 500 ° C. to 1400 ° C. Can do. The char obtained by dry distillation of waste contains a large amount of fixed carbon and has the same properties as the powdered coke, so that the same strength as the powdered coke molded product can be achieved.

また、製紙スラッジは再生紙を製造する工程で発生し、繊維質を多く含む。現状では製紙スラッジは焼却後埋め立てされているが、この製紙スラッジを乾燥しバインダを添加して成形後に乾留することにより、木炭と同様の成形物が得られる。   Papermaking sludge is generated in the process of producing recycled paper and contains a large amount of fiber. At present, papermaking sludge is landfilled after incineration, but by drying this papermaking sludge, adding a binder and dry distillation after molding, a molded product similar to charcoal can be obtained.

また、木材にはリグニンが含まれ、成形後に乾留することでリグニンがコークス化し、各木材粉の結合力が増す。それを応用したものとしてオガ炭が知られているが、建設廃棄物など廃木材の場合は、リグニンの含有量にばらつきがあるため、オガ炭のような強度を持つ成形物は製造できない。そこで、バインダを添加することでリグニン含有量のばらつきを補完し、強度の高い炭素分含有成形物を製造することが可能である。   In addition, lignin is contained in the wood, and the lignin is coke by dry distillation after molding, and the binding power of each wood powder increases. Oga charcoal is known as an application of it, but in the case of waste wood such as construction waste, the lignin content varies, so it is not possible to produce a molded product having the strength of oga charcoal. Therefore, by adding a binder, it is possible to compensate for the variation in the lignin content and to produce a carbon-containing molded product having a high strength.

また、今後有効活用すべき資源として期待されている家畜糞には、飼料に由来する植物系繊維質が含まれ、また、敷き藁にはオガクズ、ワラなどにリグニンが含まれる。それを成形し乾留することで、強度の高い炭素分含有成形物が製造できる。   In addition, livestock excrement, which is expected as a resource that should be used effectively in the future, contains plant-based fiber derived from feed, and the litter contains lignin in sawdust, straw and the like. By molding and carbonizing it, a carbon-containing molded product with high strength can be produced.

これら成形物を製造する際に使用するバインダは、有機系バインダ、水ガラス、セメントなど種々のものが知られている。しかし、炭素分含有成形物を燃料として使用する場合、タールピッチ、プラスチック、リグニン、デンプン、セルロース等の有機系バインダが好ましい。有機系バインダは、乾留無しでも所定の強度を持つ成形物を製造することが可能であるが、それを乾留することで、各粒子の結合力が増し、さらなる強度を達成できる。有機系バインダは、質量比で混合率２％未満では各粒子間にバインダが十分に行き渡らず、強度が低下する。また、４０％を超える混合率では、成形機内での付着などの問題が発生する。また、特に、成形後に乾留する場合に有機系バインダを使用すれば、バインダが軟化溶融して各粒子間の隅々に行き渡り、さらに、コークス化することで各粒子間の結合力を増加させる。有機系バインダは、常温では粘度が高く、混合が不十分となるが、バインダの種類にあわせて適宜温度を調整して加熱することでバインダの粘性が低下し、十分な混合が可能となる。またバインダを混合する際に被混合物を５０〜３５０℃に加熱してもよい。   Various binders such as organic binders, water glass, and cement are known for use in producing these molded articles. However, when a carbon-containing molded product is used as a fuel, an organic binder such as tar pitch, plastic, lignin, starch, and cellulose is preferable. An organic binder can produce a molded product having a predetermined strength without dry distillation, but by subjecting it to dry distillation, the binding force of each particle is increased and further strength can be achieved. If the organic binder has a mass ratio of less than 2%, the binder does not spread sufficiently between the particles, and the strength decreases. Further, when the mixing ratio exceeds 40%, problems such as adhesion in the molding machine occur. In particular, when an organic binder is used in the case of dry distillation after molding, the binder is softened and melted to reach every corner between the particles, and further, the cohesion increases the bonding force between the particles. The organic binder has a high viscosity at room temperature and is insufficiently mixed. However, by adjusting the temperature appropriately according to the type of the binder and heating it, the viscosity of the binder is lowered and sufficient mixing is possible. Further, the mixture may be heated to 50 to 350 ° C. when the binder is mixed.

乾留は、公知の乾留炉で実現可能であり、例えばコークス炉、ロータリキルン炉、竪型シャフト炉、流動層炉、バッチ式炭化炉などを用いることができる。   The dry distillation can be realized by a known dry distillation furnace, and for example, a coke furnace, a rotary kiln furnace, a vertical shaft furnace, a fluidized bed furnace, a batch type carbonization furnace or the like can be used.

また、本発明で使用する成形機は、各種成形機が使用可能であるが、特に、ダブルロール型成形機が、生産性に優れることから好ましい。この方式は、２つのロールを押し付ける力を調整することで成形圧力を調整可能な構造となっているが、１ｔ／ｃｍ程度の圧力で十分な圧潰強度を達成できる。   Various molding machines can be used as the molding machine used in the present invention, and a double roll type molding machine is particularly preferable because of its excellent productivity. This method has a structure in which the molding pressure can be adjusted by adjusting the force pressing the two rolls, but a sufficient crushing strength can be achieved with a pressure of about 1 t / cm.

図６（ａ）はマセック型成形物の平面図、（ｂ）は同正面図、図７（ａ）は印籠型成形物の平面図、（ｂ）は同正面図である。成形物は、特に、図６に示す１辺３０〜８０ｍｍかつ厚さ１５〜５０ｍｍのマセック型もしくは図７に示す印籠型とすることにより圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物が得られる。   6A is a plan view of the Macek mold, FIG. 6B is a front view thereof, FIG. 7A is a plan view of the stamped mold mold, and FIG. 6B is a front view thereof. In particular, the molding is a Macek mold having a side of 30 to 80 mm and a thickness of 15 to 50 mm shown in FIG. 6 or a stamping mold shown in FIG. It is done.

また、本発明に開示した方法で作成した炭素分含有成形物は、５０ｋｇ以上の圧潰強度を持つ塊状炭化物であることから、廃棄物溶融炉における、コークス代替としての使用が可能であり、廃棄物溶融炉の炉上部から、コークスの替わりに装入することにより、炉下部で高温の火格子を形成し、コークスと完全に置き換えることができる。この発明により、廃棄物溶融炉のランニングコスト低減、さらには、従来処分している廃棄物を溶融熱源として有効に活用することが可能となる。当然、従来使用していた高炉用コークスと混合して装入することも可能である。装入した炭素分含有成形物は、コークスと同じ機能を達成するため、その使用量は、通常のコークスと同程度すなわち、ごみ質により、質量比０．５〜１０％の使用量となる。   Moreover, since the carbon-containing molded product prepared by the method disclosed in the present invention is a massive carbide having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more, it can be used as a substitute for coke in a waste melting furnace. By charging from the upper part of the melting furnace instead of coke, a high-temperature grate can be formed at the lower part of the furnace and completely replaced with coke. According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the running cost of the waste melting furnace and to effectively utilize the waste that has been disposed of as a melting heat source. Of course, it is also possible to mix and charge with blast furnace coke which has been used conventionally. Since the inserted carbon-containing molded product achieves the same function as coke, the amount used is the same as that of normal coke, that is, the amount used is 0.5 to 10% depending on the waste quality.

本発明により、粉コークス、バイオマス、廃棄物、製紙スラッジ、廃木材、家畜糞などを利用することにより、コークス及び成形コークスに代わる安価な炭素分含有成形物を得ることができる。   According to the present invention, by using powdered coke, biomass, waste, paper sludge, waste wood, livestock excrement, etc., an inexpensive carbon-containing molded product can be obtained in place of coke and molded coke.

また、廃棄物溶融処理において、本発明の炭素分含有成形物を使用することにより従来のコークスを使用する場合に比べて処理コストを低減させることができる。また、バイオマスなどを使用する場合には、化石燃料に起因するＣＯ２の発生を抑えて環境負荷の低い燃料を得ることができる。 Further, in the waste melting treatment, the treatment cost can be reduced by using the carbon-containing molded product of the present invention as compared with the case of using the conventional coke. Also, when using such biomass, it is possible to suppress the generation of CO 2 due to fossil fuels obtain a low environmental impact fuels.

本発明の実施例について図を参照して説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１は本発明による、粉コークスを成形物にする例を示す工程図である。図１において、ＣＤＱ（コークス乾式消火設備）１１から排出された粉コークスのうち、平均粒径１５０μｍのダストキャッチャ粉にバインダを添加し、ミキサ１２で混合した後、成形機１３で成形する。ここでは、バインダとしてＳＯＰ（軟ピッチ）１５質量％を使用し、ミキサ１２をヒーター１４で８０℃に加熱して混合した。さらに成形機１３としてダブルロール成形機を用い、成形圧力を１．５ｔ／ｃｍに設定した。また、同様に平均粒径４０μｍバグフィルタ粉を用いて炭素分含有成形物を製造した。   FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing an example in which powder coke is formed into a molded product according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, among powder coke discharged from a CDQ (coke dry fire extinguishing equipment) 11, a binder is added to dust catcher powder having an average particle size of 150 μm, mixed by a mixer 12, and then molded by a molding machine 13. Here, SOP (soft pitch) 15% by mass was used as the binder, and the mixer 12 was heated to 80 ° C. with the heater 14 and mixed. Further, a double roll molding machine was used as the molding machine 13 and the molding pressure was set to 1.5 t / cm. Similarly, a carbon-containing molded product was produced using bag filter powder having an average particle size of 40 μm.

表１の実施例１，２に示すように、ダストキャッチャ粉、バグフィルタ粉共に圧潰強度８０ｋｇ以上を達成したが、粒径１５０μｍのダストキャッチャ粉の方がより強度があり、好ましい。このように粉コークスの粒径を調整することで、圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の炭素分含有成形物を製造することが可能である。

Figure 2006057082
As shown in Examples 1 and 2 in Table 1, both the dust catcher powder and the bag filter powder achieved a crushing strength of 80 kg or more. However, the dust catcher powder having a particle size of 150 μm has higher strength and is preferable. By adjusting the particle size of the powder coke as described above, it is possible to produce a carbon-containing molded product having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more.
Figure 2006057082

図２は本発明による別実施例の成形物製造法を示す工程図である。実施例１にしたがって、ＣＤＱで集塵した粉コークスを成形した後、コークス炉１５で乾留温度１０００℃にて乾留したものである。表１の実施例３に示すように、乾留により、圧潰強度が乾留しない実施例１に比べてさらに向上した。   FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing a molded product manufacturing method according to another embodiment of the present invention. According to Example 1, powdered coke collected with CDQ was molded, and then subjected to dry distillation in a coke oven 15 at a dry distillation temperature of 1000 ° C. As shown in Example 3 of Table 1, the crushing strength was further improved by dry distillation compared to Example 1 in which dry distillation was not performed.

図３は本発明による別実施例の成形物製造法を示す工程図である。本実施例では、表１の実施例４に示すように、藁を炭化炉１６で炭化してバイオマス炭化物とし、成形した後、さらに炭化炉１６で１０００℃にて乾留したものである。藁は事前に炭化することにより、固定炭素を多く含む粉体となるため、これを成形し乾留することで、粉コークスの例と同じように、圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の炭素分含有成形物を製造することが可能となる。ここで、炭化炉１６については、成形前に炭化する炭化炉と成形後に乾留する炭化炉は、同一の炉を用いてもよいし、異なる炉を用いてもよく、その方式も含めて、特に限定するものではない。   FIG. 3 is a process diagram showing a molded product manufacturing method according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this example, as shown in Example 4 of Table 1, the soot was carbonized in the carbonization furnace 16 to form biomass carbide, and then molded, and then carbonized in the carbonization furnace 16 at 1000 ° C. Since the cocoon is carbonized in advance, it becomes a powder containing a lot of fixed carbon. By molding this and dry distillation, a carbon-containing molded product with a crushing strength of 50 kg or more is produced in the same manner as the powder coke example. It becomes possible to do. Here, with respect to the carbonization furnace 16, the carbonization furnace to be carbonized before molding and the carbonization furnace to be carbonized after molding may use the same furnace, or may use different furnaces. It is not limited.

図４は本発明による別実施例の成形物製造法を示す工程である。本実施例では、表１の実施例５、６に示すように、成形前に炭化する替わりに乾燥する例を示す。実施例５では、原木のまま乾燥するにはエネルギーを浪費するので、先に粉砕してから、乾燥を実施した後、成形及び乾留することにより、バイオマス中の水分を蒸発させ、圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の炭素分含有成形物を製造することが可能となる。また、実施例６のように、下水汚泥のような最初からある程度粒径が小さいバイオマスについては、先に乾燥することで、粒径が小さくなるため、その後粉砕することで、粉砕動力の削減にもつながる。乾燥と粉砕の順序については、原料の性状により適宜選択すればよい。   FIG. 4 is a process showing a molded product manufacturing method according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this example, as shown in Examples 5 and 6 in Table 1, an example of drying instead of carbonizing before molding is shown. In Example 5, energy is wasted to dry the raw wood, so after pulverizing and drying, the water in the biomass is evaporated by molding and carbonization, and the crushing strength is 50 kg or more. It becomes possible to produce a carbon-containing molded article. In addition, as in Example 6, the biomass having a small particle size from the beginning, such as sewage sludge, is reduced in particle size by drying first, so that the pulverization power can be reduced by subsequent pulverization. Is also connected. The order of drying and pulverization may be appropriately selected depending on the properties of the raw materials.

図５は本発明の方法で製造した炭素分含有成形物を廃棄物溶融炉で使用する例を示す図で、図８に示す同一構成には同一符号を付してその説明は省略する。本実施例では、図８に示す従来例では成形コークスを炉上部から装入していたが、その成形コークスと本発明の炭素分含有成形物を１００％置き換えて、装入量を廃棄物の重量に対して４％使用した。その場合でも、炉下部で従来の成形コークスと同様の高温火格子が形成され出滓口からスラグが出湯され、従来と同様の操業が可能であった。   FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example in which the carbon-containing molded product produced by the method of the present invention is used in a waste melting furnace. The same components shown in FIG. In this example, in the conventional example shown in FIG. 8, the formed coke was charged from the top of the furnace, but the formed coke and the carbon-containing formed product of the present invention were replaced by 100%, and the charged amount was changed to the amount of waste. Used 4% by weight. Even in that case, the same high-temperature grate as that of the conventional molded coke was formed in the lower part of the furnace, and the slag was discharged from the taphole.

本発明による、粉コークスを炭素分含有成形物にする例を示す工程図である。It is process drawing which shows the example which makes powdery coke into a carbon-containing molded product by this invention. 本発明による別実施例の炭素分含有成形物製造法を示す工程図である。It is process drawing which shows the carbon content containing molding manufacturing method of another Example by this invention. 本発明による別実施例の炭素分含有成形物製造法を示す工程図である。It is process drawing which shows the carbon content containing molding manufacturing method of another Example by this invention. 本発明による別実施例の炭素分含有成形物製造法を示す工程図である。It is process drawing which shows the carbon content containing molding manufacturing method of another Example by this invention. 本発明の廃棄物処理法を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the waste-treatment method of this invention. （ａ）はマセック型成形物の平面図、（ｂ）は同正面図である。(A) is a top view of a Macek type molded article, (b) is the same front view. （ａ）は印籠型成形物の平面図、（ｂ）は同正面図である。(A) is a top view of a stamping type molded object, (b) is the same front view. 従来の廃棄物溶融処理設備の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the conventional waste fusion processing equipment. 従来の成形物製造法を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the conventional molding manufacturing method.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 廃棄物溶融炉
２ 装入装置
３ 出滓口
４ 下段羽口
５ 燃焼室
６ ボイラー
７ 蒸気タービン・発電装置
８ 集じん装置
９ ブロワ
１０ 煙突
１１ ＣＤＱ
１２ ミキサ
１３ 成形機
１４ ヒーター
１５ コークス炉
１６ 炭化炉
１７ 粉砕機
１８ 乾燥機 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste melting furnace 2 Charging device 3 Outlet 4 Lower tuyere 5 Combustion chamber 6 Boiler 7 Steam turbine / power generation device 8 Dust collector 9 Blower 10 Chimney 11 CDQ
12 Mixer
13 Molding Machine 14 Heater 15 Coke Oven 16 Carbonization Furnace 17 Crusher 18 Dryer

Claims (21)

平均粒径４０〜１０００μｍの範囲の粉コークスにバインダを添加して成形することを特徴とする圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の製造方法。   A method for producing a carbon-containing molded product having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more, characterized by adding a binder to powder coke having an average particle size of 40 to 1000 µm. 平均粒径４０〜１０００μｍの範囲の粉コークスにバインダを添加し成形した後に乾留することを特徴とする圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の製造方法。   A method for producing a carbon-containing molded product having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more, wherein a binder is added to a powder coke having an average particle size of 40 to 1000 µm, and the resultant is subjected to dry distillation. バイオマス炭化物を粉砕して粒径１０〜３０００μｍに調整した後にバインダを添加して成形し、次いで５００〜１４００℃の範囲にて乾留することを特徴とする圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の製造方法。   Containing carbon content with a crushing strength of 50 kg or more, characterized by pulverizing biomass carbide and adjusting to a particle size of 10 to 3000 μm, adding a binder and then shaping, followed by dry distillation in the range of 500 to 1400 ° C. Manufacturing method of a molded product. バイオマスを粉砕して粒径１０〜３０００μｍに調整した後にバインダを添加して成形し、次いで５００〜１４００℃の範囲にて乾留することを特徴とする圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の製造方法。   A carbon-containing molding having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more, characterized in that the biomass is pulverized and adjusted to a particle size of 10 to 3000 μm, and then a binder is added and molded, followed by dry distillation in the range of 500 to 1400 ° C. Manufacturing method. バイオマスを粉砕して粒径１０〜３０００μｍに調整後乾燥させ、さらにバインダを添加して成形し、次いで５００〜１４００℃の範囲にて乾留することを特徴とする圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の製造方法。   Carbon having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more, characterized in that the biomass is pulverized and dried after adjusting to a particle size of 10 to 3000 μm, further formed by adding a binder, and then carbonized in the range of 500 to 1400 ° C. Method for producing a minute-containing molded product. バイオマスを乾燥後粉砕して粒径１０〜３０００μｍに調整し、さらにバインダを添加して成形し、次いで５００〜１４００℃の範囲にて乾留することを特徴とする圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の製造方法。   Carbon having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more, characterized in that the biomass is dried and pulverized, adjusted to a particle size of 10 to 3000 μm, further shaped by adding a binder, and then carbonized in the range of 500 to 1400 ° C. Method for producing a minute-containing molded product. 廃棄物を乾留して発生したチャーにバインダを添加して成形した後に５００℃〜１４００℃の範囲にて乾留することを特徴とする圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の製造方法。   A method for producing a carbon-containing molded article having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more, characterized in that a char is generated by dry distillation of a waste and a binder is added to the molded char, followed by dry distillation in a range of 500 ° C to 1400 ° C. . 廃棄物を乾留して発生した乾留残渣から金属類及び瓦礫を選別除去後粒径１０〜３０００μｍに調整し、さらにバインダを添加して成形した後に５００℃〜１４００℃の範囲にて乾留することを特徴とする圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の製造方法。   Metals and rubble are selectively removed from the carbonization residue generated by carbonization of the waste, adjusted to a particle size of 10 to 3000 μm, and further molded by adding a binder, followed by carbonization in the range of 500 ° C. to 1400 ° C. A method for producing a carbon-containing molded product having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more. 乾燥した製紙スラッジもしくは製紙スラッジの炭化物にバインダを添加して成形した後に５００℃〜１４００℃の範囲にて乾留することを特徴とする圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の製造方法。   A method for producing a carbon-containing molded product having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more, characterized in that dry papermaking sludge or carbide of papermaking sludge is molded by adding a binder and then carbonized in the range of 500 ° C to 1400 ° C. . 廃木材の炭化物から金属類を除去後粒径１０〜３０００μｍに調整し、さらにバインダを添加して成形した後に５００℃〜１４００℃の範囲にて乾留することを特徴とする圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の製造方法。   Crushing strength of 50 kg or more characterized by removing metal from waste wood carbide, adjusting the particle size to 10-3000 μm, further adding a binder and shaping, and then dry distillation in the range of 500 ° C. to 1400 ° C. A method for producing a carbon-containing molded product having 乾燥した家畜糞並びに乾燥した敷き藁及びオガクズ、家畜糞の炭化物、あるいは敷き藁及びオガクズの炭化物の少なくとも１種または２種以上の混合物の粒径を１０〜３０００μｍに調整し、さらにバインダを添加して成形した後に５００℃〜１４００℃の範囲にて乾留することを特徴とする圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の製造方法。   Adjust the particle size of dried livestock dung and dry litter and sawdust, charcoal of livestock dung, or mixture of litter and sawdust to 10 to 3000 μm, and add a binder. A method for producing a carbon-containing molded product having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more, characterized by dry distillation in a range of 500 ° C. to 1400 ° C. after molding. バインダをタールピッチ系バインダ、プラスチック、リグニン、デンプン、セルロース、のいずれかもしくはその混合物とすることを特徴とする請求項１〜１１のいずれかに記載の圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の製造方法。   Carbon content containing a crushing strength of 50 kg or more according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the binder is a tar pitch binder, plastic, lignin, starch, cellulose, or a mixture thereof. Manufacturing method of a molded product. バインダの混合率を質量比２〜４０％とすることを特徴とする請求項１２に記載の圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の製造方法。   The method for producing a carbon-containing molded product having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more according to claim 12, wherein a mixing ratio of the binder is 2 to 40%. バインダを混合する際に被混合物を５０〜３５０℃に加熱することを特徴とする請求項１２または１３記載の圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の製造方法。   The method for producing a carbon-containing molded article having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the mixture is heated to 50 to 350 ° C when the binder is mixed. 成形にダブルロール型成形機を用い、圧力１ｔ／ｃｍ以上とすることを特徴とする請求項１〜１４のいずれかに記載の圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の製造方法。   The method for producing a carbon-containing molded product having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein a double roll type molding machine is used for molding and the pressure is 1 t / cm or more. 成形物が１辺３０〜８０ｍｍかつ厚さ１５〜５０ｍｍのマセック型もしくは印籠型であることを特徴とする請求項１〜１５のいずれかに記載の圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の製造方法。   The carbon-containing molding having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the molded product is a Macek type or an imprint type having a side of 30 to 80 mm and a thickness of 15 to 50 mm. Manufacturing method. 乾留にコークス炉、ロータリキルン炉、竪型シャフト炉、流動層炉又はバッチ式炭化炉を用いることを特徴とする請求項２〜１６のいずれかに記載の圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の製造方法。   A carbon content having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more according to any one of claims 2 to 16, wherein a coke oven, a rotary kiln oven, a vertical shaft oven, a fluidized bed oven or a batch type carbonization oven is used for carbonization. Manufacturing method of containing molded product. 請求項１〜１７のいずれかに記載の炭素分含有成形物の製造方法で製造した圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物のうち１種類を廃棄物溶融炉で使用することを特徴とする廃棄物溶融処理方法。   A type of carbon-containing molded product having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more produced by the method for producing a carbon-containing molded product according to any one of claims 1 to 17 is used in a waste melting furnace. Waste melting treatment method. 請求項１〜１７のいずれかに記載の炭素分含有成形物の製造方法で製造した圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物のうち２種類以上を混合して廃棄物溶融炉で使用することを特徴とする廃棄物溶融処理方法。   Two or more types of carbon-containing moldings having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more produced by the method for producing a carbon-containing molding according to any one of claims 1 to 17 are mixed and used in a waste melting furnace. And a waste melting method. 請求項１〜１７のいずれかに記載の炭素分含有成形物の製造方法で製造した圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物のうち少なくとも１種類と高炉用コークスを混合して廃棄物溶融炉で使用することを特徴とする廃棄物溶融処理方法。   A waste produced by mixing at least one of the carbon-containing moldings having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more produced by the method for producing a carbon-containing molding according to any one of claims 1 to 17 and blast furnace coke. A waste melting method for use in a melting furnace. 圧潰強度５０ｋｇ以上の強度を持つ炭素分含有成形物の廃棄物溶融炉への投入量が廃棄物に対して質量比０．５〜１０％であることを特徴とする請求項１８〜２０のいずれかに記載の廃棄物溶融処理方法。   21. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the amount of the carbon-containing molded product having a crushing strength of 50 kg or more to the waste melting furnace is 0.5 to 10% by mass with respect to the waste. The waste melting method of crab.
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CN111453727A (en) * 2020-05-26 2020-07-28 上海化工研究院有限公司 Preparation method of sludge-straw composite biomass activated carbon
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