JP2006051550A - Position teaching device and position teaching method to mover - Google Patents

Position teaching device and position teaching method to mover Download PDF

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JP2006051550A
JP2006051550A JP2004232852A JP2004232852A JP2006051550A JP 2006051550 A JP2006051550 A JP 2006051550A JP 2004232852 A JP2004232852 A JP 2004232852A JP 2004232852 A JP2004232852 A JP 2004232852A JP 2006051550 A JP2006051550 A JP 2006051550A
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teaching
teacher
image
moving body
target location
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Koshu Goto
孝周 後藤
Takashi Anezaki
隆 姉崎
Tamao Okamoto
球夫 岡本
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily teach a teaching object to a mover regardless of the raw material and shape of the teaching object even if the teaching object resides in a position remote from a teacher. <P>SOLUTION: This position teaching device includes: a visual line direction measuring device 24 for measuring the visual line direction 23 of the teacher 21 visually observing a teaching object part 26; a visual line destination information obtaining device 28 for obtaining an image of a visual line destination of the teacher 21 according to the visual line direction 23; and a teaching position specifying device 30 for specifying the teaching object part 26 visually observed by the teacher 21 according to the visual line direction 23 and the image of the visual line destination. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、移動体への位置教示装置および位置教示方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a position teaching apparatus and a position teaching method for a moving body.

移動ロボットなどの移動体への位置教示装置および位置教示方法、として、例えば特許文献1に記載されているものがある。
特許文献1には、図10に示すように、教示者1が把持している教示具2の先端に指示指標3が設けられており、移動体4には画像処理装置5が設けられており、教示者1が教示具2の先端に設けられている指示指標3を教示対象物6の表面に当て、移動体4がその画像処理装置5により指示指標3を3次元的に計測することで、移動体4に教示対象物6を認識させることが記載されている。
As a position teaching apparatus and position teaching method for a moving body such as a mobile robot, there is one described in Patent Document 1, for example.
In Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 10, an instruction index 3 is provided at the tip of a teaching tool 2 held by a teacher 1, and an image processing device 5 is provided on a moving body 4. When the teacher 1 applies the instruction index 3 provided at the tip of the teaching tool 2 to the surface of the teaching object 6, the moving body 4 measures the instruction index 3 three-dimensionally by the image processing device 5. It is described that the moving object 4 recognizes the teaching object 6.

また、特許文献1とは異なる装置および方法として、例えば、特許文献2に記載されているものがある。
特許文献2には、図11に示すように、教示対象箇所に光照射を行って光の目印7をつける光照射装置8と、その光の目印7の位置を3次元的に計測する画像処理装置9を有する移動体10とが配置され、光照射装置8により教示対象箇所に光を照射して光の目印7をつけ、この光の目印7の位置を移動体10の画像処理装置9により計測することで、移動体10に教示対象箇所を教示できることが記載されている。
特公平7−32994号公報 特開平8−1563号公報
Further, as an apparatus and method different from Patent Document 1, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 2.
In Patent Document 2, as shown in FIG. 11, a light irradiation device 8 that irradiates a teaching target portion with light and attaches a light mark 7, and image processing that three-dimensionally measures the position of the light mark 7. A moving body 10 having a device 9 is arranged, and a light irradiation device 8 irradiates light to a teaching target portion to give a light mark 7, and the position of the light mark 7 is moved by an image processing device 9 of the moving body 10. It is described that the teaching object location can be taught to the moving body 10 by measuring.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-32994 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-1563

しかしながら、図10および図11を用いて説明した技術では、教示具2の先端の指示指標3や光の目印7を教示位置に当てる必要がある。このため、図10に示した教示具2を用いる場合であれば、教示具2の届かない場所を教示することができず、したがって、遠くにある教示対象物を教示する際には、教示者1が教示対象物まで移動する必要がある。また、図11に示したように光の目印7を用いる場合であれば、教示対象箇所の素材や形状によってはマーキングすなわち光の目印7を付与できないことがあるとともに、一定の距離を越える遠方には教示できないという課題がある。   However, in the technique described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11, it is necessary to apply the indication index 3 or the light mark 7 at the tip of the teaching tool 2 to the teaching position. For this reason, if the teaching tool 2 shown in FIG. 10 is used, it is not possible to teach a place where the teaching tool 2 does not reach. 1 needs to move to the teaching object. In addition, when the light mark 7 is used as shown in FIG. 11, depending on the material and shape of the teaching target portion, the marking, that is, the light mark 7 may not be provided, and the distance 7 exceeds a certain distance. There is a problem that cannot be taught.

そこで本発明は、教示対象の素材や形状にかかわらず、また教示対象が教示者から遠い位置に存在しても、教示対象を移動体に容易に教示することを目的とする。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to easily teach a moving object to the teaching object regardless of the material and shape of the teaching object and even when the teaching object exists at a position far from the instructor.

上記課題を解決するために請求項1記載の発明は、教示対象箇所を目視している教示者の視線方向を計測する視線方向計測装置と、前記計測した視線方向に基づいて前記教示者の目視先の画像を取得する目視先情報取得装置と、前記視線方向と前記目視先の画像とに基づいて前記教示者が目視している前記教示対象箇所を特定する教示位置特定装置とを有するものである。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention described in claim 1 is directed to a gaze direction measuring device that measures the gaze direction of a teacher who is viewing the teaching target portion, and the gaze direction of the teacher based on the measured gaze direction. A visual point information acquisition device for acquiring a previous image, and a teaching position specifying device for specifying the teaching target portion that the teacher is viewing based on the line-of-sight direction and the image of the visual point is there.

このような構成によれば、視線方向計測装置により、教示者の視線方向を計測し、目視先情報取得装置により、前記視線方向に基づいて前記教示者の目視先の画像を取得することで、教示位置特定装置により、前記視線方向と前記目視先の画像とに基づいて前記教示者が目視している教示対象箇所を特定することができる。したがって、教示対象箇所を移動体に教示する際に、例えば、教示対象箇所に目印を設ける必要が無く、これにより、教示対象箇所の素材や形状にかかわらず、また、教示対象箇所が教示者から遠い位置に存在しても、教示対象箇所を移動体に容易に教示することができる。   According to such a configuration, by measuring the gaze direction of the teacher by the gaze direction measurement device, and acquiring the image of the gaze point of the teacher based on the gaze direction by the gaze information acquisition device, With the teaching position specifying device, it is possible to specify the teaching target portion that is being viewed by the teacher based on the line-of-sight direction and the image of the viewing destination. Therefore, when teaching the teaching target location to the moving body, for example, it is not necessary to provide a mark on the teaching target location, so that the teaching target location can be determined from the instructor regardless of the material or shape of the teaching target location. Even if it exists in a distant position, the teaching object location can be easily taught to the moving body.

請求項2記載の発明は、請求項1記載の移動体への位置教示装置において、視線方向計測装置は、教示者の眼球を撮像する眼球撮像手段を有し、前記眼球撮像手段によって撮像した画像から前記教示者の眼球の向きを検知して前記教示者の視線方向を決定することが可能であるものである。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the apparatus for teaching a position to a moving body according to the first aspect, the gaze direction measuring device has an eyeball imaging unit that images the eyeball of the teacher, and an image captured by the eyeball imaging unit. Thus, it is possible to detect the direction of the eye of the teacher and determine the direction of the eye of the teacher.

このような構成によれば、眼球撮像手段によって撮像した教示者の眼球の画像から前記教示者の眼球の向きを検知して前記教示者の視線方向を決定することができるので、視線方向をより正確に決定することができる。   According to such a configuration, since the direction of the teacher's eyeball can be detected from the image of the eyeball of the teacher taken by the eyeball imaging means, the eye direction of the teacher can be determined. Can be determined accurately.

請求項3記載の発明は、請求項2記載の移動体への位置教示装置において、眼球撮像手段により撮像した画像から視線方向計測装置により教示者の位置を計測するとともに、計測した前記教示者の位置に基づいて移動することで、前記教示者と所定の位置関係を保つことが可能とされているものである。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the position teaching device for the moving body according to the second aspect, the position of the teacher is measured by the gaze direction measuring device from the image captured by the eyeball imaging means, and the measured by the teacher By moving based on the position, it is possible to maintain a predetermined positional relationship with the teacher.

このような構成によれば、眼球撮像手段により撮像した画像から視線方向計測装置により教示者の位置を計測するとともに、計測した前記教示者の位置に基づいて移動することで、前記教示者と所定の位置関係を保つことができる。   According to such a configuration, the gaze direction measuring device measures the position of the teacher from the image captured by the eyeball imaging means, and moves based on the measured position of the teacher, so that The positional relationship can be maintained.

請求項4記載の発明は、請求項1から3の何れか1項記載の移動体への位置教示装置において、教示位置特定装置が特定する教示対象箇所を表示する表示手段と、前記表示手段により表示された前記教示対象箇所の位置を修正可能な修正手段とを有するものである。   According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the position teaching device for a moving body according to any one of the first to third aspects, the display means for displaying the teaching target portion specified by the teaching position specifying device, and the display means Correction means capable of correcting the position of the displayed teaching target portion.

このような構成によれば、教示位置特定装置が特定する教示対象箇所を表示する表示手段と、前記表示手段により表示された前記教示対象箇所の位置を修正可能な修正手段とを有することで、教示対象箇所を移動体に確実に教示することができる。   According to such a configuration, by having a display unit that displays the teaching target portion specified by the teaching position specifying device, and a correction unit that can correct the position of the teaching target portion displayed by the display unit, The teaching target location can be reliably taught to the moving body.

請求項5記載の発明は、教示対象箇所を目視している教示者の視線方向を計測し、前記視線方向に基づいて前記教示者の目視先の画像を取得し、前記視線方向と前記目視先の画像とに基づいて前記教示者が目視している前記教示対象箇所を特定するものである。   According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the gaze direction of a teacher who is viewing the teaching target portion is measured, an image of the gaze point of the teacher is acquired based on the gaze direction, and the gaze direction and the gaze direction are obtained. The teaching target portion that is being visually observed by the teacher is identified based on the image.

このような構成によれば、教示対象箇所を目視している教示者の視線方向を計測し、前記視線方向に基づいて前記教示者の目視先の画像を取得し、前記視線方向と前記目視先の画像とに基づいて前記教示者が目視している前記教示対象箇所を特定することができる。したがって、教示対象箇所を移動体に教示する際に、例えば、教示対象箇所に目印を設ける必要が無く、これにより、教示対象箇所の素材や形状にかかわらず、また、教示対象箇所が教示者から遠い位置に存在しても、教示対象箇所を移動体に容易に教示することができる。   According to such a configuration, the gaze direction of the teacher who is viewing the teaching target location is measured, and an image of the gaze point of the teacher is acquired based on the gaze direction, and the gaze direction and the gaze direction are obtained. The teaching target location that the instructor is viewing can be identified based on the image. Therefore, when teaching the teaching target location to the moving body, for example, it is not necessary to provide a mark on the teaching target location, so that the teaching target location can be determined from the instructor regardless of the material or shape of the teaching target location. Even if it exists in a distant position, the teaching object location can be easily taught to the moving body.

請求項6記載の発明は、請求項5記載の移動体への位置教示方法において、視線方向と目視先の画像とから、前記視線方向と、教示者の視線方向にある物体との交点を教示対象箇所として算出するものである。   According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the position teaching method to the moving body according to the fifth aspect, the intersection point between the line-of-sight direction and an object in the line-of-sight direction of the teacher is taught from the line-of-sight direction and the image at the viewing destination. It is calculated as a target location.

このようにすると、視線方向と目視先の画像とから、前記視線方向と、教示者の視線方向にある物体との交点を教示対象箇所として算出することができる。
請求項7記載の発明は、請求項5または6記載の移動体への位置教示方法において、複数の教示対象箇所を特定し、前記複数の教示対象箇所を補間することで、移動体の経路を作成するものである。
If it does in this way, the intersection of the said gaze direction and the object in a gaze direction of a teacher can be calculated from a gaze direction and the image of the point of view as a teaching target location.
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the position teaching method to the moving body according to the fifth or sixth aspect, a plurality of teaching target portions are specified, and the plurality of teaching target portions are interpolated to thereby determine the path of the moving body. To create.

このようにすると、複数の教示対象箇所を特定し、前記複数の教示対象箇所を補間することで、移動体の経路を作成することができる。
請求項8記載の発明は、請求項5から7の何れか1項記載の移動体への位置教示方法において、教示対象箇所を目視している教示者の視線方向を計測する際に、前記教示者の眼球の画像を取得し、前記画像に基づいて前記教示者との位置関係を測定し、前記測定結果に基づいて前記教示者と所定の位置関係を保つものである。
If it does in this way, the path | route of a mobile body can be created by pinpointing a several teaching target location and interpolating the said several teaching target location.
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the position teaching method to the moving body according to any one of the fifth to seventh aspects, the teaching direction is measured when measuring the line-of-sight direction of the teacher who is viewing the teaching target portion. An image of a person's eyeball is acquired, a positional relationship with the teacher is measured based on the image, and a predetermined positional relationship with the teacher is maintained based on the measurement result.

このようにすると、教示対象箇所を目視している教示者の視線方向を計測する際に、前記教示者の眼球の画像を取得し、前記画像に基づいて前記教示者との位置関係を測定することで、前記測定結果に基づいて前記教示者と所定の位置関係を保つことができる。   In this way, when measuring the gaze direction of the teacher who is viewing the teaching target location, the image of the eyeball of the teacher is acquired, and the positional relationship with the teacher is measured based on the image. Thus, it is possible to maintain a predetermined positional relationship with the teacher based on the measurement result.

以上のように本発明によると、視線方向計測装置により、教示者の視線方向を計測し、目視先情報取得装置により、前記視線方向に基づいて前記教示者の目視先の画像を取得することで、教示位置特定装置により、前記視線方向と前記目視先の画像とに基づいて前記教示者が目視している教示対象箇所を特定することができる。したがって、教示対象箇所を移動体に教示する際に、例えば、教示対象箇所に目印を設ける必要が無く、これにより、教示対象箇所の素材や形状にかかわらず、また、教示対象箇所が教示者から遠い位置に存在しても、教示対象箇所を移動体に容易に教示することができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, the gaze direction measuring device measures the gaze direction of the teacher, and the gaze direction information acquisition device acquires the image of the gaze point of the teacher based on the gaze direction. The teaching position specifying device can specify the teaching target location that the teacher is viewing based on the line-of-sight direction and the image of the viewing destination. Therefore, when teaching the teaching target location to the moving body, for example, it is not necessary to provide a mark on the teaching target location, so that the teaching target location can be determined from the instructor regardless of the material or shape of the teaching target location. Even if it exists in a distant position, the teaching object location can be easily taught to the moving body.

また、眼球撮像手段によって撮像した教示者の眼球の画像から前記教示者の眼球の向きを検知して前記教示者の視線方向を決定することができるので、視線方向をより正確に決定することができる。   Further, since the direction of the teacher's eyeball can be detected from the image of the teacher's eyeball imaged by the eyeball imaging means, the gaze direction of the teacher can be determined, so that the gaze direction can be determined more accurately. it can.

また、眼球撮像手段により撮像した画像から視線方向計測装置により教示者の位置を計測するとともに、計測した前記教示者の位置に基づいて移動することで、前記教示者と所定の位置関係を保つことができる。   Further, the position of the teacher is measured by the gaze direction measuring device from the image captured by the eyeball imaging means, and the predetermined position relation with the teacher is maintained by moving based on the measured position of the teacher. Can do.

また、教示位置特定装置が特定する教示対象箇所を表示する表示手段と、前記表示手段により表示された前記教示対象箇所の位置を修正可能な修正手段とを有することで、教示対象箇所を移動体に確実に教示することができる。   In addition, the teaching position specifying device includes a display means for displaying the teaching target position specified by the teaching position specifying device, and a correction means capable of correcting the position of the teaching target position displayed by the display means. Can be taught reliably.

また、教示対象箇所を目視している教示者の視線方向を計測し、前記視線方向に基づいて前記教示者の目視先の画像を取得し、前記視線方向と前記目視先の画像とに基づいて前記教示者が目視している前記教示対象箇所を特定することができる。したがって、教示対象箇所を移動体に教示する際に、例えば、教示対象箇所に目印を設ける必要が無く、これにより、教示対象箇所の素材や形状にかかわらず、また、教示対象箇所が教示者から遠い位置に存在しても、教示対象箇所を移動体に容易に教示することができる。   Further, the line-of-sight direction of the teacher who is viewing the teaching target portion is measured, an image of the teacher's visual point is acquired based on the line-of-sight direction, and the image of the visual point of the teacher is obtained based on the line-of-sight direction and the image of the visual point It is possible to specify the teaching target portion that the teacher is viewing. Therefore, when teaching the teaching target location to the moving body, for example, it is not necessary to provide a mark on the teaching target location, so that the teaching target location can be determined from the instructor regardless of the material or shape of the teaching target location. Even if it exists in a distant position, the teaching object location can be easily taught to the moving body.

また、視線方向と目視先の画像とから、前記視線方向と、教示者の視線方向にある物体との交点を教示対象箇所として算出することができる。
また、複数の教示対象箇所を特定し、前記複数の教示対象箇所を補間することで、移動体の経路を作成することができる。
Further, an intersection point between the line-of-sight direction and an object in the line-of-sight direction of the teacher can be calculated as a teaching target location from the line-of-sight direction and the image at the viewing destination.
In addition, it is possible to create a route of the moving body by specifying a plurality of teaching target portions and interpolating the plurality of teaching target portions.

さらに、教示対象箇所を目視している教示者の視線方向を計測する際に、前記教示者の眼球の画像を取得し、前記画像に基づいて前記教示者との位置関係を測定することで、前記測定結果に基づいて前記教示者と所定の位置関係を保つことができる。   Furthermore, when measuring the gaze direction of the teacher who is viewing the teaching target location, by acquiring an image of the eyeball of the teacher, and measuring the positional relationship with the teacher based on the image, Based on the measurement result, a predetermined positional relationship with the teacher can be maintained.

以下に、本発明の移動体への位置教示装置および位置教示方法の実施の形態を、図1〜図9を参照しながら説明する。
図1は、本発明の実施の形態の位置教示装置20の概略構成を示し、図2は、位置教示装置20における教示対象箇所の特定方法の一例を示し、図3は、位置教示方法の概略を示し、図4は、位置教示装置20が教示対象箇所を特定するアルゴリズムを示している。また、図5〜図9は、本発明の実施の形態の位置教示装置の具体例を示している。
Embodiments of a position teaching apparatus and position teaching method for a moving body according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
1 shows a schematic configuration of a position teaching apparatus 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 shows an example of a method for specifying a teaching target portion in the position teaching apparatus 20, and FIG. 3 shows an outline of the position teaching method. FIG. 4 shows an algorithm by which the position teaching device 20 identifies a teaching target portion. 5 to 9 show specific examples of the position teaching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

図1に示すように、位置教示装置20は、教示者21の眼球を眼球撮像手段としてのカメラ22で撮像して教示者20の視線方向23を計測する視線方向計測装置24と、視線方向計測装置24から入力される視線方向23についての視線方向データ25から、視線方向23の先(以下、目視先と記す)を目視先撮像手段としてのカメラ27により撮像し、目視先の画像データ(以下、目視先データと記す)を取得する目視先情報取得装置28と、目視先情報取得装置28から入力される視線方向データ25および目視先データ29に基づいて、教示者21が教示している教示対象箇所26を特定する教示位置特定装置30と、教示位置特定装置30から入力される教示対象箇所26についての教示位置データ31を記憶する記憶装置32とを備えている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the position teaching device 20 includes a gaze direction measuring device 24 that images the eyeball of the teacher 21 with a camera 22 as an eyeball imaging unit and measures the gaze direction 23 of the teacher 20, and gaze direction measurement. From the line-of-sight direction data 25 for the line-of-sight direction 23 input from the device 24, the tip of the line-of-sight direction 23 (hereinafter referred to as a visual point) is imaged by the camera 27 as the visual point imaging means, and image data of the visual point (hereinafter referred to as the visual point) The visual point information acquisition device 28 for acquiring the visual point data), and the teaching taught by the teacher 21 based on the gaze direction data 25 and the visual point data 29 input from the visual point information acquisition device 28. A teaching position specifying device 30 for specifying the target location 26, and a storage device 32 for storing teaching position data 31 for the teaching target location 26 inputted from the teaching location specifying device 30 It is provided.

視線方向計測装置24におけるカメラ22は、例えば、近赤外線カメラであり、視線方向計測装置24は、カメラ22が撮像した教示者21の眼球の画像データから教示者21の眼球がどの方向に向いているのかを網膜反射により検知し、教示者21の視線方向23を決定する。   The camera 22 in the gaze direction measuring device 24 is, for example, a near-infrared camera, and the gaze direction measuring device 24 is in which direction the eyeball of the teacher 21 is directed from the image data of the eyeball of the teacher 21 captured by the camera 22. Is detected by retinal reflection, and the line-of-sight direction 23 of the teacher 21 is determined.

また、教示位置特定装置30は、図2に示すように、目視先データ29から目視先に存在する物体、すなわち、床や壁面などの環境平面33を認識し、この環境平面33と、視線方向データ25に基づく視線方向ベクトル34との交点を算出し、これを教示対象箇所26としている。   Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the teaching position specifying device 30 recognizes an object existing at the viewing tip from the viewing tip data 29, that is, an environment plane 33 such as a floor or a wall surface, and the environment plane 33 and the line-of-sight direction data. The intersection point with the line-of-sight direction vector 34 based on 25 is calculated, and this is used as the teaching target portion 26.

このような構成において、教示者21により、位置教示装置20に教示対象箇所26の教示を行う方法を図3に基づいて説明する。
まず、図3に示すように、ステップ1として、教示者21が、教示対象箇所26を目視し、ステップ2として、位置教示装置20の視線方向計測装置24におけるカメラ22により、教示者21の眼球を撮像し、教示者21の眼球の画像データから、教示者21の視線方向23を計測する。
A method for teaching the teaching target location 26 to the position teaching device 20 by the teacher 21 in such a configuration will be described with reference to FIG.
First, as shown in FIG. 3, in step 1, the teacher 21 visually observes the teaching target portion 26, and in step 2, the eyeball of the teacher 21 is detected by the camera 22 in the gaze direction measuring device 24 of the position teaching device 20. And the line-of-sight direction 23 of the teacher 21 is measured from the image data of the eyeball of the teacher 21.

次に、ステップ3として、視線方向計測装置24から入力される視線方向データ25に基づいて、目視先情報取得装置28におけるカメラ27により、目視先の画像データを取得する。   Next, as step 3, based on the line-of-sight direction data 25 input from the line-of-sight direction measuring device 24, the image data of the visual tip is acquired by the camera 27 in the visual tip information acquisition device 28.

次に、ステップ4として、目視先情報取得装置28から入力される視線方向データ25および目視先データ29に基づいて、教示位置特定装置30により、教示対象箇所26を特定し、ステップ5として、教示位置特定装置30から入力される教示対象箇所26についての教示位置データ31を記憶装置32に記憶させる。   Next, as step 4, the teaching target location 26 is specified by the teaching position specifying device 30 based on the line-of-sight direction data 25 and the visual tip data 29 input from the visual tip information acquisition device 28. Teaching position data 31 for the teaching target portion 26 input from the position specifying device 30 is stored in the storage device 32.

上記のような、ステップ1〜5の工程で、位置教示装置20に教示対象箇所26を教示させるが、位置教示装置20が上記のステップ1〜5の動作を行うときのアルゴリズムを、図4を用いて説明する。   In the steps 1 to 5 as described above, the position teaching device 20 is instructed to teach the teaching target portion 26. An algorithm when the position teaching device 20 performs the operations of steps 1 to 5 is shown in FIG. It explains using.

図4に示すように、教示者21により、位置教示装置20に対して教示対象箇所26の教示が開始されると、位置教示装置20は、ステップaとして教示者21を確認し、ステップbとして、教示者21の視線方向23を計測する。   As shown in FIG. 4, when the teacher 21 starts teaching the teaching target location 26 to the position teaching device 20, the position teaching device 20 confirms the teacher 21 as step a, and as step b. The gaze direction 23 of the teacher 21 is measured.

そして、ステップcとして、目視先の画像データを取得し、目視先データ29から、目視先に床や壁などの物体があるのか否かを判断する。ここで、前記物体が無いと判断した場合、すなわち、教示されているもの(以下、教示目的と記す)が認識できない場合には、ステップdに進み、教示目的の確認を行う。ステップdにおいて、教示目的を確認できたならばステップeに進み、教示目的を確認できなかった場合には、ステップbに戻る。また、ステップcにおいて、床や壁などの物体があると判断した場合には、ステップeに進む。   In step c, the image data of the viewing tip is acquired, and it is determined from the viewing tip data 29 whether or not there is an object such as a floor or a wall at the viewing tip. Here, if it is determined that there is no object, that is, if what is taught (hereinafter referred to as a teaching purpose) cannot be recognized, the process proceeds to step d to check the teaching purpose. In step d, if the teaching purpose can be confirmed, the process proceeds to step e. If the teaching purpose cannot be confirmed, the process returns to step b. If it is determined in step c that there is an object such as a floor or a wall, the process proceeds to step e.

ステップeにおいて、図2に示したようにして、視線方向データ25に基づく視線方向ベクトル34と、床や壁面などの物体の環境平面33との交点である教示対象箇所26を算出する。このとき、教示対象箇所26を特定できれば、ステップfに進み、必要に応じて、教示対象箇所26まで移動可能かどうかを判断して移動先を決定し、教示位置データ31を記憶装置32に記憶させる。また、教示対象箇所26を特定できなければ、ステップbに戻る。   In step e, as shown in FIG. 2, the teaching target location 26 that is the intersection of the gaze direction vector 34 based on the gaze direction data 25 and the environmental plane 33 of an object such as a floor or a wall surface is calculated. At this time, if the teaching target location 26 can be specified, the process proceeds to step f. If necessary, it is determined whether or not the teaching target location 26 can be moved, the destination is determined, and the teaching position data 31 is stored in the storage device 32. Let If the teaching target location 26 cannot be specified, the process returns to step b.

ここで、上記のような移動体への位置教示装置の具体例を、図5〜図8に基づいて説明する。なお、図1を用いて説明した箇所と同様の部分には、同じ符号を付すことで、その詳細な説明を省略する。   Here, a specific example of the position teaching apparatus for the moving body as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. The same parts as those described with reference to FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

図5に示す位置教示装置40は、本体部41と、位置教示装置40を移動させる移動手段としての車輪42と、本体部41内に設けられて、位置教示装置40の周囲の地図などのデータを有する地図データベース43と、図示しない視線方向計測装置および目視先情報取得装置と、それらが有するカメラ22、27と、教示位置特定装置30と、記憶装置32と、教示位置特定装置30が特定した教示対象箇所26を表示する表示手段としてのモニタおよび前記モニタに表示された教示対象箇所26に対して修正を施す修正手段としてのキーボードからなる教示情報表示入力装置44とを備えている。   A position teaching device 40 shown in FIG. 5 includes a main body 41, wheels 42 as moving means for moving the position teaching device 40, and data such as a map around the position teaching device 40 provided in the main body 41. The map database 43, the gaze direction measuring device and the visual destination information acquisition device (not shown), the cameras 22 and 27, the teaching position specifying device 30, the storage device 32, and the teaching position specifying device 30 specified by them. A teaching information display input device 44 including a monitor as a display means for displaying the teaching target location 26 and a keyboard as a correcting means for correcting the teaching target location 26 displayed on the monitor is provided.

このような構成において、上記と同様の手順により、教示者21が位置教示装置40に教示対象箇所26(26a)を教示する。すなわち、教示者21が教示対象箇所26(26a)を見ると、位置教示装置40におけるカメラ22で、教示者21の眼球を撮像し、視線方向計測装置24により教示者20の視線方向23を計測する。そして、視線方向データ24に基づいて目視先情報取得装置28におけるカメラ27により、教示者21の目視先の画像データを取得する。   In such a configuration, the teacher 21 teaches the teaching target location 26 (26a) to the position teaching device 40 by the same procedure as described above. That is, when the teacher 21 looks at the teaching target location 26 (26 a), the camera 22 in the position teaching device 40 images the eyeball of the teacher 21 and the gaze direction measuring device 24 measures the gaze direction 23 of the teacher 20. To do. Then, based on the line-of-sight direction data 24, the image data of the visual point of the teacher 21 is acquired by the camera 27 in the visual point information acquisition device 28.

そして、視線方向データ25および目視先データ29に基づいて、教示位置特定装置30により、教示者21が教示している教示対象箇所26を特定する。そして、記憶装置32に、教示位置特定装置30から入力される教示位置についての教示位置データ31を記憶する。このようにすると、位置教示装置40に教示対象箇所26(26a)の位置を教示することができ、教示対象箇所26(26a)の素材や形状にかかわらず、また教示対象箇所26(26a)が教示者21から遠い位置に存在しても、教示対象箇所26を位置教示装置40に容易に教示することができる。   Based on the line-of-sight direction data 25 and the visual destination data 29, the teaching position specifying device 30 specifies the teaching target location 26 taught by the teacher 21. Then, teaching position data 31 for the teaching position input from the teaching position specifying device 30 is stored in the storage device 32. In this way, the position teaching device 40 can be taught the position of the teaching target location 26 (26a), and the teaching target location 26 (26a) can be used regardless of the material and shape of the teaching target location 26 (26a). Even if it exists at a position far from the teacher 21, the teaching target location 26 can be easily taught to the position teaching device 40.

なお、上記において、教示対象箇所26(26a)の画像もしくは情報を、教示情報表示入力装置44に表示して、教示者21に、位置教示装置40が判断した教示対象箇所26についての情報を通知し、その確認を行う。このとき、場合によっては、位置教示装置40が判断した教示対象箇所26(26a)の修正等を行ってもよい。このようにすると、位置教示装置40に教示対象箇所26を確実に教示することができる。   In the above, the image or information of the teaching target location 26 (26a) is displayed on the teaching information display input device 44, and the information about the teaching target location 26 determined by the position teaching device 40 is notified to the teacher 21. And confirm it. At this time, in some cases, the teaching target portion 26 (26a) determined by the position teaching device 40 may be corrected. In this way, the teaching target location 26 can be reliably taught to the position teaching device 40.

また、教示対象箇所26a、26b、26cといったように複数の教示対象箇所26を記憶装置32に同時に記憶させるとともに、これらの教示対象箇所26a、26b、26cの位置を補間することにより、これらの教示対象箇所26a、26b、26cを経由する教示経路45を形成して、これを、記憶装置32に記憶させることもできる。   Further, a plurality of teaching target locations 26 such as teaching target locations 26a, 26b, and 26c are simultaneously stored in the storage device 32, and these teaching target locations 26a, 26b, and 26c are interpolated to interpolate these teaching target locations 26a, 26b, and 26c. It is also possible to form the teaching path 45 that passes through the target locations 26 a, 26 b, and 26 c and store the teaching path 45 in the storage device 32.

また、目視先データ29の取得時に、目視先情報取得装置28によって、ランドマーク46の形状や色などの特徴を合わせて取得し、これを記憶装置32にて記憶して、位置教示装置40の動作時におけるランドマーク情報とすることもできる。これにより、位置教示装置40が教示対象箇所26をより正確に判断することができる。   In addition, when the visual tip data 29 is acquired, the visual tip information acquisition device 28 acquires the features such as the shape and color of the landmark 46 together, stores them in the storage device 32, and stores them in the position teaching device 40. It can also be landmark information during operation. Thereby, the position teaching device 40 can determine the teaching target portion 26 more accurately.

また、位置教示装置40が有する地図データベース43によって、位置教示装置40の周囲の地図などの環境の情報が手に入る場合は、その地図データベース43から情報を取得して、教示対象箇所26までの経路を判断しても良い。   Further, when the map database 43 of the position teaching device 40 can obtain environment information such as a map around the position teaching device 40, the information is acquired from the map database 43 and the information up to the teaching target location 26 is obtained. The route may be determined.

また、特定の身振りや音声の合図によって、教示者21が位置教示装置40に対して教示対象箇所26の教示を開始するということを、あらかじめ位置教示装置40に設定しておき、この合図によって、位置教示装置40を作動させることができる。   In addition, it is set in advance in the position teaching device 40 that the teacher 21 starts teaching the teaching target location 26 to the position teaching device 40 by a specific gesture or voice signal. The position teaching device 40 can be activated.

また、図5に示した位置教示装置40とは異なる具体例を図6に示す。図6に示す位置教示装置50においては、図5に示した位置教示装置40における視線方向計測装置24におけるカメラ22と、目視先情報取得装置28におけるカメラ27とを兼用可能なカメラ51を用いている。この場合、まずは、教示者21の視線方向23を計測するために、カメラ51により教示者21の眼球を撮像し、視線方向計測装置24により、視線方向データ25を計測する。次に、視線方向データ25にしたがってカメラ51を教示対象箇所26側に向けて、教示対象箇所26およびその周辺を撮像する。なお、図6に示した位置教示装置50は、その他の箇所の構成において、図5に示した位置教示装置40と同様であるので、その箇所の図示は省略している。   A specific example different from the position teaching device 40 shown in FIG. 5 is shown in FIG. In the position teaching apparatus 50 shown in FIG. 6, a camera 51 that can be used as both the camera 22 in the line-of-sight direction measuring device 24 in the position teaching apparatus 40 shown in FIG. 5 and the camera 27 in the visual tip information acquisition apparatus 28 is used. Yes. In this case, first, in order to measure the gaze direction 23 of the teacher 21, the eyeball of the teacher 21 is imaged by the camera 51, and the gaze direction data 25 is measured by the gaze direction measurement device 24. Next, according to the line-of-sight direction data 25, the camera 51 is directed toward the teaching target location 26, and the teaching target location 26 and its surroundings are imaged. The position teaching device 50 shown in FIG. 6 is the same as the position teaching device 40 shown in FIG. 5 in the configuration of other portions, and therefore the illustration of the portions is omitted.

また、図5および図6に示した位置教示装置40、50とは異なる具体例を図7に示す。図7の位置教示装置60は、例えば、図6に示した位置教示装置50にすべての機能を持たせずに、その機能を、車輪42を有する移動部61と、教示経路生成装置62とに分けている。そして、教示経路生成装置62に設けられている無線などの適宜の通信手段63により、移動部61と教示経路生成装置62との間で種々のデータを通信することができる。   A specific example different from the position teaching devices 40 and 50 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is shown in FIG. The position teaching device 60 in FIG. 7 does not have all the functions of the position teaching device 50 shown in FIG. 6, for example, and the functions are transferred to the moving unit 61 having the wheels 42 and the teaching path generation device 62. It is divided. Various data can be communicated between the moving unit 61 and the teaching path generation device 62 by appropriate communication means 63 such as wireless provided in the teaching path generation device 62.

また、図5〜図7に示した位置教示装置とは異なる具体例を図8に示す。図8に示す位置教示装置70は、位置教示装置70自身が、視線方向データ25と目視先データ29に基づいて目視先に移動し、視線方向計測装置24のカメラ22によって、教示者21の視線方向23とカメラ22との位置のずれを検知する。そして、このずれを無くして両者が向かい合うように位置教示装置70が移動し、その移動情報から、教示経路の作成を行う。   A specific example different from the position teaching apparatus shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 is shown in FIG. In the position teaching device 70 shown in FIG. 8, the position teaching device 70 itself moves to the point of view based on the line-of-sight direction data 25 and the point-of-sight data 29, and the line of sight of the instructor 21 is detected by the camera 22 of the line-of-sight direction measuring device 24. A positional shift between the direction 23 and the camera 22 is detected. Then, the position teaching device 70 moves so as to eliminate the deviation and face each other, and a teaching route is created from the movement information.

さらに、図5〜図8に示した位置教示装置とは異なる具体例を図9に示す。図9の位置教示装置80では、位置教示装置80自身が、視線方向計測装置24によって得られた視線方向データ25に基づいて、教示者21の前方に移動し、視線方向計測装置24のカメラ22によって、教示者21との位置関係81を測定しつつ、教示者21の移動82に応じてその距離を一定に保つように移動83を行う。そして、得られた移動情報から教示経路を作成する。このとき、教示者21との位置関係81の測定は、ステレオカメラや超音波センサなどの測距センサでもよい。なお、この位置教示装置80が教示者21の進行方向を判断する方法の例として、教示者21が、移動中では、前記教示者21の視線方向23はかなり変動するため、視線方向23を平均化することにより前記教示者21の進行方向を判断している。また、カメラ22などは、教示者21の顔における目、鼻、耳、口など位置関係より、前記顔部が位置教示装置80などに対してどのくらい傾いているのかの情報として、角度位置を検出する。   Furthermore, a specific example different from the position teaching apparatus shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 is shown in FIG. In the position teaching device 80 of FIG. 9, the position teaching device 80 itself moves forward of the teacher 21 based on the line-of-sight direction data 25 obtained by the line-of-sight direction measuring device 24, and the camera 22 of the line-of-sight direction measuring device 24. Thus, while measuring the positional relationship 81 with the teacher 21, the movement 83 is performed so as to keep the distance constant according to the movement 82 of the teacher 21. Then, a teaching route is created from the obtained movement information. At this time, the measurement of the positional relationship 81 with the teacher 21 may be a distance measuring sensor such as a stereo camera or an ultrasonic sensor. As an example of a method for determining the traveling direction of the teacher 21 by the position teaching device 80, the gaze direction 23 of the teacher 21 changes considerably while the teacher 21 is moving. Thus, the direction of travel of the teacher 21 is determined. Further, the camera 22 or the like detects an angular position as information on how much the face portion is inclined with respect to the position teaching device 80 or the like based on the positional relationship such as eyes, nose, ears and mouth in the face of the teacher 21. To do.

以上のことから、視線方向計測装置24により、教示者21の視線方向23を計測し、目視先情報取得装置28により、視線方向23に基づいて教示者21の目視先の画像を取得することで、教示位置特定装置30により、視線方向23と目視先データ29とに基づいて教示者21が目視している教示対象箇所26を特定することができる。したがって、教示対象箇所を移動ロボットなどの移動体に教示する際に、例えば、教示対象箇所に目印を設ける必要が無く、これにより、教示対象箇所の素材や形状にかかわらず、また、教示対象箇所が教示者から遠い位置に存在しても、教示対象箇所を移動体に容易に教示することができる。   From the above, the gaze direction measuring device 24 measures the gaze direction 23 of the teacher 21, and the visual tip information acquisition device 28 acquires an image of the visual tip of the teacher 21 based on the gaze direction 23. The teaching position specifying device 30 can specify the teaching target location 26 that the teacher 21 is viewing based on the line-of-sight direction 23 and the visual destination data 29. Accordingly, when teaching a teaching target location to a moving body such as a mobile robot, for example, there is no need to provide a mark on the teaching target location, so that the teaching target location can be used regardless of the material or shape of the teaching target location. Can be easily taught to the moving object even if the object is located far from the teacher.

本発明の移動体への位置教示装置および位置教示方法によれば、視線により移動体の目標位置および経路の教示を容易に行うことができるので、教示位置に目印を設けることなしに、移動体の目標位置および経路の教示を容易に行うことができる。   According to the position teaching apparatus and position teaching method for the moving body of the present invention, it is possible to easily teach the target position and route of the moving body from the line of sight, so that the moving body can be provided without providing a mark at the teaching position. The target position and route can be easily taught.

本発明の実施の形態の位置教示装置の概略構成を示す図。The figure which shows schematic structure of the position teaching apparatus of embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態の位置教示装置における教示対象箇所の特定方法の一例を示す図。The figure which shows an example of the specification method of the teaching object location in the position teaching apparatus of embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態の位置教示方法の概略を示す図。The figure which shows the outline of the position teaching method of embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態の位置教示装置が教示対象箇所を特定するアルゴリズムを示す図。The figure which shows the algorithm which the position teaching device of embodiment of this invention specifies a teaching object location. 本発明の実施の形態の位置教示装置の具体例を示す図。The figure which shows the specific example of the position teaching apparatus of embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態の位置教示装置の他の具体例を示す図。The figure which shows the other specific example of the position teaching apparatus of embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態の位置教示装置の他の具体例を示す図。The figure which shows the other specific example of the position teaching apparatus of embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態の位置教示装置の他の具体例を示す図。The figure which shows the other specific example of the position teaching apparatus of embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態の位置教示装置の他の具体例を示す図。The figure which shows the other specific example of the position teaching apparatus of embodiment of this invention. 従来の移動体への位置教示方法の一例を示す図。The figure which shows an example of the position teaching method to the conventional mobile body. 従来の移動体への位置教示方法の他の例を示す図。The figure which shows the other example of the position teaching method to the conventional mobile body.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

20 位置教示装置
21 教示者
23 視線方向
24 視線方向計測装置
26 教示対象箇所
28 目視先情報取得装置
30 教示位置特定装置
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 Position teaching device 21 Teacher 23 Gaze direction 24 Gaze direction measuring device 26 Teaching object location 28 Visual destination information acquisition device 30 Teaching position specifying device

Claims (8)

教示対象箇所を目視している教示者の視線方向を計測する視線方向計測装置と、前記計測した視線方向に基づいて前記教示者の目視先の画像を取得する目視先情報取得装置と、前記視線方向と前記目視先の画像とに基づいて前記教示者が目視している前記教示対象箇所を特定する教示位置特定装置とを有することを特徴とする移動体への位置教示装置。   A gaze direction measuring device that measures the gaze direction of the teacher who is viewing the teaching target location, a gaze information acquisition device that obtains an image of the gaze point of the teacher based on the measured gaze direction, and the gaze A position teaching device for a moving body, comprising: a teaching position specifying device that specifies the teaching target portion being visually observed by the teacher based on a direction and an image of the viewing destination. 視線方向計測装置は、教示者の眼球を撮像する眼球撮像手段を有し、前記眼球撮像手段によって撮像した画像から前記教示者の眼球の向きを検知して前記教示者の視線方向を決定することが可能であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の移動体への位置教示装置。   The gaze direction measuring device has eyeball imaging means for imaging the teacher's eyeball, and detects the direction of the teacher's eyeball from the image captured by the eyeball imaging means to determine the gaze direction of the teacher. The position teaching device for a moving body according to claim 1, wherein: 眼球撮像手段により撮像した画像から視線方向計測装置により教示者の位置を計測するとともに、計測した前記教示者の位置に基づいて移動することで、前記教示者と所定の位置関係を保つことが可能とされていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の移動体への位置教示装置。   It is possible to maintain a predetermined positional relationship with the teacher by measuring the position of the teacher by the gaze direction measuring device from the image captured by the eyeball imaging means and moving based on the measured position of the teacher. The position teaching apparatus for a moving body according to claim 2, wherein the position teaching apparatus is a moving body. 教示位置特定装置が特定する教示対象箇所を表示する表示手段と、前記表示手段により表示された前記教示対象箇所の位置を修正可能な修正手段とを有することを特徴とする請求項1から3の何れか1項記載の移動体への位置教示装置。   4. The display device according to claim 1, further comprising: a display unit that displays a teaching target location specified by the teaching position specifying device; and a correction unit that can correct the position of the teaching target location displayed by the display unit. A position teaching apparatus for a moving body according to any one of the preceding claims. 教示対象箇所を目視している教示者の視線方向を計測し、前記視線方向に基づいて前記教示者の目視先の画像を取得し、前記視線方向と前記目視先の画像とに基づいて前記教示者が目視している前記教示対象箇所を特定することを特徴とする移動体への位置教示方法。   The gaze direction of the teacher who is viewing the teaching target portion is measured, the image of the teacher's viewing point is acquired based on the line-of-sight direction, and the teaching is based on the line-of-sight direction and the image of the viewing point. A method for teaching a position to a moving body, wherein the teaching target part that a person is viewing is specified. 視線方向と目視先の画像とから、前記視線方向と、教示者の視線方向にある物体との交点を教示対象箇所として算出することを特徴とする請求項5記載の移動体への位置教示方法。   6. The method for teaching a position to a moving body according to claim 5, wherein an intersection point between the line-of-sight direction and an object in the line-of-sight direction of the teacher is calculated as a teaching target location from the line-of-sight direction and the image of the viewing destination. . 複数の教示対象箇所を特定し、前記複数の教示対象箇所を補間することで、移動体の経路を作成することを特徴とする請求項5または6記載の移動体への位置教示方法。   The method for teaching a position to a moving body according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a plurality of teaching target portions are specified, and a route of the moving body is created by interpolating the plurality of teaching target portions. 教示対象箇所を目視している教示者の視線方向を計測する際に、前記教示者の眼球の画像を取得し、前記画像に基づいて前記教示者との位置関係を測定し、前記測定結果に基づいて前記教示者と所定の位置関係を保つことを特徴とする請求項5から7の何れか1項記載の移動体への位置教示方法。   When measuring the gaze direction of the teacher who is viewing the teaching target location, the image of the eyeball of the teacher is acquired, the positional relationship with the teacher is measured based on the image, and the measurement result is The position teaching method for a moving body according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein a predetermined positional relationship with the teacher is maintained based on the position.
JP2004232852A 2004-08-10 2004-08-10 Position teaching device and position teaching method to mover Pending JP2006051550A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010194687A (en) * 2009-02-26 2010-09-09 Yaskawa Electric Corp Transmission type sight-line detection device and mobile robot system
CN111515946A (en) * 2018-10-31 2020-08-11 杭州程天科技发展有限公司 Control method and device for human body auxiliary robot
CN114372906A (en) * 2022-01-13 2022-04-19 北京正在关怀科技有限公司 Autism and other developmental disorder child teaching environment feedback obtaining method and device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010194687A (en) * 2009-02-26 2010-09-09 Yaskawa Electric Corp Transmission type sight-line detection device and mobile robot system
CN111515946A (en) * 2018-10-31 2020-08-11 杭州程天科技发展有限公司 Control method and device for human body auxiliary robot
CN111515946B (en) * 2018-10-31 2021-07-20 杭州程天科技发展有限公司 Control method and device for human body auxiliary robot
CN114372906A (en) * 2022-01-13 2022-04-19 北京正在关怀科技有限公司 Autism and other developmental disorder child teaching environment feedback obtaining method and device

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