JP2006050025A - Crystal oscillator - Google Patents

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JP2006050025A
JP2006050025A JP2004224928A JP2004224928A JP2006050025A JP 2006050025 A JP2006050025 A JP 2006050025A JP 2004224928 A JP2004224928 A JP 2004224928A JP 2004224928 A JP2004224928 A JP 2004224928A JP 2006050025 A JP2006050025 A JP 2006050025A
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frequency
crystal oscillator
oscillator
crystal
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JP4353868B2 (en
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Hideo Outsuka
日出夫 鶯塚
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Kyocera Crystal Device Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem of the conventional crystal oscillator that the frequency is adjusted while preparing a measurement facility and measuring the frequency by the measurement facility since periodic re-measurement is required and zero adjustment is needed when a crystal oscillation element is deteriorated with time change and the frequency is changed. <P>SOLUTION: No power is applied to a second oscillator in two oscillators to avoid deterioration in the second oscillator, the first oscillator is always activated, the second oscillator is activated periodically or at an optional interval, the frequency deviation of the first oscillator is corrected relative to the oscillated frequency of the second oscillator, and a stable frequency can be obtained in the crystal oscillator. Further, even when the second crystal oscillator is not in operation, a control circuit calculates a correction amount per time on the basis of past data to adjust the frequency. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、高安定な周波数を得る水晶発振装置に関する。       The present invention relates to a crystal oscillation device that obtains a highly stable frequency.

水晶発振器の中で恒温槽を用いて、周波数安定度を得る発振器が、クロック源、信号源として広く利用されている。高い安定度を求める水晶発振器では恒温槽を用いて温度特性を維持している。さらにＡＴカットよりはＳＣカットの水晶振動子が用いられ、温度の高いポイントを用いるようになり、水晶振動子の熱的劣化が加速されている。また振動による劣化により、周波数の変化の原因となっている。       2. Description of the Related Art Oscillators that obtain frequency stability using a thermostatic chamber among crystal oscillators are widely used as clock sources and signal sources. A crystal oscillator that requires high stability maintains temperature characteristics using a thermostatic chamber. Furthermore, an SC-cut crystal resonator is used rather than an AT-cut, and a point having a higher temperature is used, and thermal deterioration of the crystal resonator is accelerated. In addition, deterioration due to vibration causes a change in frequency.

しかし恒温槽は、常温よりは温度を高くされており、常に高温にさらされるため水晶振動子や周辺発振回路の部品が劣化をしていくため、周波数変動として時間とともに変化していく。       However, the temperature of the thermostatic chamber is higher than that of room temperature, and since it is constantly exposed to high temperatures, the components of the crystal resonator and the peripheral oscillation circuit deteriorate, so that the frequency changes with time.

そこで経時変化量を測定し、自動的に周波数を補正することの出来ないか検討し、第一水晶発振器と第二水晶発振器を備え、第二水晶発振器の周波数を基準として、第一水晶発振器の周波数校正を行っている。       Therefore, the amount of change over time is measured, and it is examined whether the frequency can be automatically corrected, and the first crystal oscillator and the second crystal oscillator are provided. Frequency calibration is performed.

特開平09-214336号公報JP 09-214336 A

なお出願人は前記した先行技術文献情報で特定される先行技術文献以外には、本発明に関連する先行技術文献を、本件出願時までに発見するに至らなかった。       In addition to the prior art documents specified by the prior art document information described above, the applicant has not found any prior art documents related to the present invention by the time of filing of the present application.

本発明が解決しようとする問題点は、高温にさらされる水晶振動子や発振回路の劣化による、周波数変動をどのように検出し、なにを基準に調整することにある。       The problem to be solved by the present invention lies in how to detect a frequency fluctuation due to deterioration of a crystal resonator and an oscillation circuit exposed to a high temperature, and to adjust based on what.

特許文献１では、二つの発振器の差の成分を検出し分周して電圧制御発振器を制御する回路が示されている。しかし特許文献１ではどちらの発振器も常時発振させている点で本発明と異なった構成である。       Patent Document 1 discloses a circuit that controls a voltage-controlled oscillator by detecting and dividing a difference component between two oscillators. However, Patent Document 1 is different from the present invention in that both oscillators are always oscillated.

本発明では、第一水晶発振器と第二水晶発振器があり、第一水晶発振器は常に動作させ、第二水晶発振器は一定期間動作させ、さらに第二水晶発振器が停止している間の補完として、第二水晶発振器の温度対周波数のデータを記憶回路で記憶しており、制御回路から第一水晶発振器の周波数制御を行っている。また一定の時間間隔で第二水晶発振器の動作時に計測される周波数と第二発振器の周波数とを制御回路で計算し、周波数調整回路でアナログ信号として第一水晶発振器を調整している。       In the present invention, there are a first crystal oscillator and a second crystal oscillator, the first crystal oscillator is always operated, the second crystal oscillator is operated for a certain period, and further, as a complement while the second crystal oscillator is stopped, The temperature vs. frequency data of the second crystal oscillator is stored in the memory circuit, and the frequency control of the first crystal oscillator is performed from the control circuit. Further, the frequency measured during operation of the second crystal oscillator and the frequency of the second oscillator are calculated by a control circuit at regular time intervals, and the first crystal oscillator is adjusted as an analog signal by the frequency adjustment circuit.

本発明によって、一定時間間隔で第二水晶発振器を動作させ、第一水晶発振器との周波数ずれを調節して安定な周波数を維持する発振装置を提供することが出来た。そしてその一定時間の間に時間あたりの周波数変化量を制御回路で計算し、周波数調整回路により調整して安定な周波数を得ることが出来た。       According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an oscillation device that maintains a stable frequency by operating the second crystal oscillator at regular time intervals and adjusting the frequency deviation from the first crystal oscillator. Then, during the fixed time, the amount of change in frequency per hour was calculated by the control circuit and adjusted by the frequency adjustment circuit to obtain a stable frequency.

本発明は、第一水晶発振器と第二水晶発振器とを備え、該第一水晶発振器の出力周波数と、計時回路により一定間隔で該第二水晶発振器を起動させた時の第二水晶発振器の周波数を基準として出力周波数とを周波数比較回路で比較し、得られた周波数差と前回の測定から時間あたりの周波数変化量を算出して該第一水晶発振器の周波数を調整する周波数調整回路を備えた水晶発振装置において、
該第二水晶発振器が動作していない期間は、該第二水晶発振器の温度特性データを記憶した記憶回路と、該第二水晶発振器が動作時の周波数比較回路での比較データを利用して、周波数調整回路で調整されることを特徴とする水晶発振装置である。 The present invention comprises a first crystal oscillator and a second crystal oscillator, the output frequency of the first crystal oscillator, and the frequency of the second crystal oscillator when the second crystal oscillator is activated at regular intervals by a time measuring circuit A frequency adjustment circuit that compares the output frequency with a frequency comparison circuit with reference to the obtained frequency difference and calculates the amount of frequency change per time from the previous measurement and adjusts the frequency of the first crystal oscillator is provided. In crystal oscillators,
During the period when the second crystal oscillator is not operating, the storage circuit storing the temperature characteristic data of the second crystal oscillator and the comparison data in the frequency comparison circuit when the second crystal oscillator is operating, The crystal oscillation device is adjusted by a frequency adjustment circuit.

以下、図面を参照しながら実施例を説明する。
図１は、本発明の構成を示すブロック図である。
第一水晶発振器１は、この実施例では少なくとも水晶振動子が恒温槽入りの水晶発振器でこの発振装置の出力周波数となる発振器である。第二水晶発振器２は、ここでは恒温槽型ではない水晶発振器が使用されている。第二水晶発振器２は、恒温槽型ではないので、熱的な劣化がなく、また普段非動作状態であるので、振動による劣化もないので、経時変化のない水晶発振器である。そして第二水晶発振器は、計時回路７からの信号により制御回路５を通じて電源制御回路６を、一定時間間隔で動作させる。その時に第二水晶発振器２の周波数を基準として周波数比較回路３でそれぞれの水晶発振器の周波数差を計測する。周波数比較回路４はカウンタである。
第一水晶発振器１と第二水晶発振器２の周波数差を制御回路５に入力し、デジタルデータで前回との差を計算して、周波数ずれ分だけデータを変更し、周波数調整回路に調整量のデータを送り、デジタル／アナログ変換され、可変容量ダイオードなどで第一水晶発振器１の周波数を制御する。
本発明では、第二水晶発振器２の水晶振動子の近傍に温度センサを配置し、第二水晶発振器２が動作している期間に水晶振動子近傍の温度を計り、温度測定回路でデジタル信号に変えて制御回路を通じて、記憶回路には広範囲の温度範囲の第二発振器の周波数温度特性が記憶させており、その時の温度に対応した周波数温度特性データを読み出すことが出来る。
第二水晶発振器２が動作している時に、まず第一水晶発振器１の周波数と周波数比較回路４で比較する。その時の第二水晶発振器の周波数と温度情報を制御回路に入れ、第一水晶発振器の周波数が変動しているかどうかを判断し、もし周波数ずれが生じていれば、周波数調整回路で調整する。
第二水晶発振器が動作していないときは、図２に示す動作で周波数を調整することが出来る。 Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the first crystal oscillator 1 is an oscillator which is a crystal oscillator in which at least a crystal resonator is contained in a thermostatic chamber and has an output frequency of the oscillation device. As the second crystal oscillator 2, a crystal oscillator that is not a thermostatic chamber type is used here. Since the second crystal oscillator 2 is not a thermostatic bath type, there is no thermal deterioration, and since it is normally in a non-operating state, there is no deterioration due to vibration. Then, the second crystal oscillator operates the power supply control circuit 6 at regular time intervals through the control circuit 5 in accordance with a signal from the timer circuit 7. At that time, the frequency difference of each crystal oscillator is measured by the frequency comparison circuit 3 with the frequency of the second crystal oscillator 2 as a reference. The frequency comparison circuit 4 is a counter.
The frequency difference between the first crystal oscillator 1 and the second crystal oscillator 2 is input to the control circuit 5, the difference from the previous time is calculated with digital data, the data is changed by the frequency deviation, and the adjustment amount is input to the frequency adjustment circuit. Data is sent, digital / analog converted, and the frequency of the first crystal oscillator 1 is controlled by a variable capacitance diode or the like.
In the present invention, a temperature sensor is disposed in the vicinity of the crystal resonator of the second crystal oscillator 2, the temperature in the vicinity of the crystal resonator is measured during the period in which the second crystal oscillator 2 is operating, and a digital signal is obtained by the temperature measurement circuit. Instead, the frequency temperature characteristic of the second oscillator in a wide temperature range is stored in the memory circuit through the control circuit, and the frequency temperature characteristic data corresponding to the temperature at that time can be read out.
When the second crystal oscillator 2 is operating, the frequency of the first crystal oscillator 1 is first compared with the frequency comparison circuit 4. The frequency and temperature information of the second crystal oscillator at that time are input to the control circuit to determine whether or not the frequency of the first crystal oscillator is fluctuating. If there is a frequency shift, the frequency adjustment circuit adjusts.
When the second crystal oscillator is not operating, the frequency can be adjusted by the operation shown in FIG.

図２は周波数調整のタイミングを示すチャート図で、時間間隔Ｔ１の間に２回第二水晶発振器を動作させ、周波数調整を行っているが、その間のΔｔ１間で前回の周波数変化量を計算し、その間に変化する量を補完して調整を行っている。よってチャート図で時間Ｔ１の間に４回の周波数調整を行い、時間間隔Ｔ１の間に１回しか調整しない場合には、点線のように周波数補正量がΔＦの何倍にもなってしまう。
チャート図の下には第二水晶発振器の電源のオン・オフを示すチャートを示している。
本発明の特徴は、第二水晶発振器の動作していない間にも制御回路のデータに基づき周波数調整を行っていることである。 FIG. 2 is a chart showing the timing of frequency adjustment. The frequency is adjusted by operating the second crystal oscillator twice during the time interval T1, and the previous frequency change amount is calculated during Δt1. , And make adjustments to complement the amount that changes in the meantime. Therefore, when the frequency adjustment is performed four times during the time T1 in the chart and only once during the time interval T1, the frequency correction amount becomes many times ΔF as shown by the dotted line.
Below the chart is a chart showing the power on / off of the second crystal oscillator.
The feature of the present invention is that the frequency adjustment is performed based on the data of the control circuit even when the second crystal oscillator is not operating.

第二水晶発振器は、第一水晶発振器と比べ普段電源が入っていないため、熱的な劣化がなく、また機械的な劣化もないため、電源を入れたときには経時変化がない周波数を得ることが出来る。また第二水晶発振器の周波数温度特性が記憶回路で記憶されているため、第二水晶発振器は比較的簡易な発振器でよく、温度特性の記録があるので、正確な基準となっている。       Since the second crystal oscillator is not normally turned on compared to the first crystal oscillator, there is no thermal degradation and no mechanical degradation, so when the power is turned on, a frequency that does not change with time can be obtained. I can do it. Further, since the frequency temperature characteristic of the second crystal oscillator is stored in the memory circuit, the second crystal oscillator may be a relatively simple oscillator and has a record of the temperature characteristic, which is an accurate reference.

本発明は、高安定水晶発振器として放送局、無線局の基地局や測定器等の基準周波数信号発生器として利用できる。       The present invention can be used as a reference frequency signal generator for a broadcasting station, a base station of a radio station, a measuring instrument, etc. as a highly stable crystal oscillator.

図1は、本発明を説明するブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the present invention. 図２は、周波数の経時変化と調整量を示す。FIG. 2 shows changes in frequency with time and adjustment amounts.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 第一水晶発振器
２ 第二水晶発振器
３ 周波数調整回路
４ 周波数比較回路
５ 制御回路
６ 電源制御回路
７ 計時回路
８ 温度測定回路
９ 記憶回路 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st crystal oscillator 2 2nd crystal oscillator 3 Frequency adjustment circuit 4 Frequency comparison circuit 5 Control circuit 6 Power supply control circuit 7 Timekeeping circuit 8 Temperature measurement circuit 9 Memory circuit

Claims (3)

第一水晶発振器と第二水晶発振器とを備え、該第一水晶発振器の出力周波数と、計時回路により一定間隔で該第二水晶発振器を起動させた時の第二水晶発振器の周波数を基準として出力周波数とを周波数比較回路で比較し、得られた周波数差と前回の測定から時間あたりの周波数変化量を算出して該第一水晶発振器の周波数を調整する周波数調整回路を備えた水晶発振装置において、
該第二水晶発振器が動作していない期間は、該第二水晶発振器の温度特性データを記憶した記憶回路と、該第二水晶発振器が動作時の周波数比較回路での比較データを利用して、周波数調整回路で調整されることを特徴とする水晶発振装置。 Provided with a first crystal oscillator and a second crystal oscillator, and output based on the output frequency of the first crystal oscillator and the frequency of the second crystal oscillator when the second crystal oscillator is started at a constant interval by a timing circuit In a crystal oscillation device provided with a frequency adjustment circuit that compares the frequency with a frequency comparison circuit, calculates a frequency change amount per time from the obtained frequency difference and the previous measurement, and adjusts the frequency of the first crystal oscillator ,
During the period when the second crystal oscillator is not operating, the storage circuit storing the temperature characteristic data of the second crystal oscillator and the comparison data in the frequency comparison circuit when the second crystal oscillator is operating, A crystal oscillation device that is adjusted by a frequency adjustment circuit. 請求項１において、該第二水晶発振器を動作させるための電源制御回路を備えていることを特徴とする水晶発振装置。 2. The crystal oscillation device according to claim 1, further comprising a power supply control circuit for operating the second crystal oscillator. 請求項１において、該第一水晶発振器は、非恒温槽水晶発振器で該第二水晶発振器は恒温槽水晶発振器であることを特徴とする水晶発振装置。 2. The crystal oscillation device according to claim 1, wherein the first crystal oscillator is a non-constant temperature crystal oscillator and the second crystal oscillator is a thermostat crystal oscillator.
JP2004224928A 2004-07-30 2004-07-30 Crystal oscillator Expired - Fee Related JP4353868B2 (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009100009A (en) * 2007-10-12 2009-05-07 Seiko Instruments Inc Oscillator, and oscillating device having the same
JP2013162358A (en) * 2012-02-06 2013-08-19 Seiko Epson Corp Oscillator circuit, semiconductor integrated circuit element, electronic equipment, and output control method of semiconductor integrated circuit element
JP2014158234A (en) * 2013-02-18 2014-08-28 Renesas Electronics Corp Integrated circuit device
US9007139B2 (en) 2012-06-13 2015-04-14 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Oscillation frequency adjusting circuit

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009100009A (en) * 2007-10-12 2009-05-07 Seiko Instruments Inc Oscillator, and oscillating device having the same
JP2013162358A (en) * 2012-02-06 2013-08-19 Seiko Epson Corp Oscillator circuit, semiconductor integrated circuit element, electronic equipment, and output control method of semiconductor integrated circuit element
US9007139B2 (en) 2012-06-13 2015-04-14 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Oscillation frequency adjusting circuit
JP2014158234A (en) * 2013-02-18 2014-08-28 Renesas Electronics Corp Integrated circuit device

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