JP2006044985A - Agricultural spraying agent - Google Patents
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- JP2006044985A JP2006044985A JP2004228196A JP2004228196A JP2006044985A JP 2006044985 A JP2006044985 A JP 2006044985A JP 2004228196 A JP2004228196 A JP 2004228196A JP 2004228196 A JP2004228196 A JP 2004228196A JP 2006044985 A JP2006044985 A JP 2006044985A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、例えば葉面散布で施用される農用散布剤の技術分野に属する。 The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural spraying agents applied by foliar spraying, for example.
果樹等の栽培に際して、例えばカルシウム肥料として、或いは他の目的(例えば薬害軽減や果面保護等)でカルシウム化合物の水溶液を葉面等に散布することが行われている(例えば特開2001−206803号公報)。
カルシウム化合物(例えば蟻酸カルシウム)を水溶液として散布した場合、散布時の温度、湿度によって一律ではないものの、乾燥するまでに時間がかかる(例えば1時間以上も湿った状態にある)場合があった。葉面や果面がいつまでも湿ったままであると、空気中を浮遊していたカビ等の菌が付着して増殖するおそれがあり、またリンゴ等では、湿りが原因で果面にサビが発生することがあった。こうしたことから、水溶液として葉面等に散布する農用散布剤において、その乾燥速度を速くすることが望まれていた。 When a calcium compound (for example, calcium formate) is sprayed as an aqueous solution, although it is not uniform depending on the temperature and humidity at the time of spraying, it may take a long time to dry (for example, it is in a wet state for 1 hour or more). If the leaves and fruits remain wet forever, fungi such as mold that have floated in the air may attach and multiply, and apples and other fruits may rust on the fruits due to moisture. There was a thing. For these reasons, it has been desired to increase the drying speed of the agricultural spraying agent sprayed on the leaf surface or the like as an aqueous solution.
請求項1記載の農用散布剤は、水溶性高分子化合物と、水溶性のカルシウム化合物(但し、前記水溶性高分子化合物を除く)とを必須成分とし、前記水溶性高分子化合物:前記水溶性のカルシウム化合物の配合比(質量基準)が1:9〜9:1であることを特徴とする。 The agricultural spray according to claim 1 comprises a water-soluble polymer compound and a water-soluble calcium compound (excluding the water-soluble polymer compound) as essential components, and the water-soluble polymer compound: the water-soluble compound. The compounding ratio (mass basis) of the calcium compound is from 1: 9 to 9: 1.
本発明の農用散布剤は、水溶液として散布される。その際の希釈倍率は散布対象(植物種類)、散布目的、散布時期等に応じて適宜とされればよいが、一般的には100倍〜10000倍、好ましくは500倍〜1000倍である。 The agricultural spraying agent of the present invention is sprayed as an aqueous solution. Although the dilution rate in that case should just be suitably set according to a spraying object (plant kind), a spraying purpose, a spraying time, etc., it is generally 100 times -10000 times, Preferably it is 500 times -1000 times.
本発明の農用散布剤は、散布後に例えば葉面から吸収されてカルシウム肥料となる。また、果面に散布して乾燥すると析出した結晶が果面を被覆するので果面保護剤として機能する。なお、本発明の農用散布剤の用途はこれらの例に限定されるわけではない。 The agricultural spraying agent of the present invention is absorbed from, for example, the leaf surface after spraying and becomes calcium fertilizer. Further, when sprayed on the fruit surface and dried, the precipitated crystals cover the fruit surface and thus function as a fruit surface protecting agent. In addition, the use of the agricultural spraying agent of this invention is not necessarily limited to these examples.
水溶性高分子化合物としては、請求項3記載のリグニンスルホン酸塩(リグニンスルホン酸カルシウム、リグニンスルホン酸マグネシウム、リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム及びこれらの混合塩)、請求項4記載のカルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム又はカルボキシメチルセルロースカルシウム、請求項5記載の天然多糖類が例示される。これらを単独で用いてもよいし複数種類を混用してもよい。 Examples of the water-soluble polymer compound include lignin sulfonate (calcium lignin sulfonate, magnesium lignin sulfonate, sodium lignin sulfonate, and mixed salts thereof) according to claim 3, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or carboxymethyl cellulose according to claim 4. The natural polysaccharide according to claim 5 is exemplified by calcium. These may be used alone or a plurality of types may be mixed.
カルシウム化合物(例えば蟻酸カルシウム)の水溶液を散布した場合、その乾燥速度は水とほとんど同じであるが、水溶性高分子化合物を農用散布剤の組成に含み、水溶性高分子化合物:水溶性のカルシウム化合物の配合比を1:9〜9:1にすると、散布された水溶液の乾燥速度が速まる。 When an aqueous solution of a calcium compound (for example, calcium formate) is sprayed, the drying speed is almost the same as that of water, but a water-soluble polymer compound is included in the composition of the agricultural spray agent, and the water-soluble polymer compound: water-soluble calcium When the compounding ratio of the compounds is 1: 9 to 9: 1, the drying rate of the sprayed aqueous solution is increased.
散布後の乾燥速度が速い(葉面や果面が速やかに乾燥する)ので、空気中を浮遊していたカビ等の菌が付着して増殖する危険性が低下する。またリンゴ等でのサビ発生も防止できる。 Since the drying speed after spraying is fast (the leaf surface and fruit surface dry quickly), the risk that fungi such as mold that have floated in the air will adhere and multiply will decrease. In addition, rusting in apples can be prevented.
水溶性高分子化合物と水溶性のカルシウム化合物の配合比は1:9〜9:1の範囲で適宜に選択すればよい。
但し、散布対象(植物種類)、散布目的、散布時期等で配合比を変化させるのも煩わしいから、適度な配合比のものを2、3種類用意しておいて使い分けるとよい。その場合、水溶性高分子化合物と水溶性のカルシウム化合物の配合比を2:8〜5:5の範囲にすれば、ある程度の汎用性が得られる。つまり、請求項2に記載の2:8〜5:5の範囲が好適である。
What is necessary is just to select suitably the compounding ratio of a water-soluble high molecular compound and a water-soluble calcium compound in the range of 1: 9-9: 1.
However, since it is troublesome to change the mixing ratio depending on the object to be sprayed (plant type), the purpose of spraying, the timing of spraying, etc., it is good to prepare two or three types with appropriate mixing ratios. In that case, if the compounding ratio of the water-soluble polymer compound and the water-soluble calcium compound is set in the range of 2: 8 to 5: 5, a certain degree of versatility can be obtained. That is, the range of 2: 8 to 5: 5 described in claim 2 is preferable.
なお、配合比が上述の範囲をわずかに外れたからといって、ただちに本発明による各効果が失われるわけではない。
ところで、請求項3記載のリグニンスルホン酸塩(リグニンスルホン酸カルシウム、リグニンスルホン酸マグネシウム、リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム及びこれらの混合塩)は、分散性、粘着性、濡れ性に優れているので、農業分野では肥料や除草剤のための造粒剤、水和剤用の分散剤、展着剤等に使用されている。
Note that just because the blending ratio slightly deviates from the above range does not immediately lose the effects of the present invention.
By the way, the lignin sulfonate (calcium lignin sulfonate, magnesium lignin sulfonate, sodium lignin sulfonate, and mixed salts thereof) according to claim 3 is excellent in dispersibility, tackiness, and wettability. Is used as a granulating agent for fertilizers and herbicides, a dispersant for wettable powders, and a spreading agent.
一般に、展着剤として使用する際のリグニンスルホン酸塩の配合比は、主剤に比べてきわめて微量であり、そうした使用量では乾燥速度を速める効果は期待できない。本発明の農用散布剤は、リグニンスルホン酸塩を展着剤または類似の目的で使用する場合とは大きな違いがある。但し、リグニンスルホン酸塩の濡れ性、展着性は、本発明の農用散布剤を葉面や果面全体に均等に展着させるために利用できる。 In general, the blending ratio of lignin sulfonate when used as a spreading agent is extremely small compared to the main agent, and such a use amount cannot be expected to increase the drying rate. The agricultural spray of the present invention is significantly different from the case where lignin sulfonate is used as a spreading agent or similar purpose. However, the wettability and spreadability of lignin sulfonate can be used to spread the agricultural spraying agent of the present invention evenly on the entire leaf surface or fruit surface.
水溶性高分子化合物の多くは(請求項3のリグニンスルホン酸塩、請求項4のカルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム又はカルボキシメチルセルロースカルシウム、請求項5の天然多糖類は)、乾燥したときに(結晶)は透明になる。このため、果皮や葉面に付着してもまったく目立たないし、光を透過させるから葉面に付着しても光合成を阻害しない。水溶性のカルシウム化合物も同様に果皮や葉面に付着してもまったく目立たないし、葉面に付着しても光合成を阻害しない。すなわち、本発明の農用散布剤は果面や葉面に残留して見栄えを悪くする(商品価値を低下させる)ことはなく、光合成を阻害することもない。 Many water-soluble polymer compounds (the lignin sulfonate of claim 3, sodium carboxymethylcellulose or carboxymethylcellulose calcium of claim 4, and the natural polysaccharide of claim 5) are transparent when dried (crystals). Become. For this reason, even if it adheres to the skin or the leaf surface, it does not stand out at all, and it does not inhibit photosynthesis even if it adheres to the leaf surface because it transmits light. Similarly, water-soluble calcium compounds are not noticeable even if they adhere to the skin or leaf surface, and do not inhibit photosynthesis even if they adhere to the leaf surface. That is, the agricultural spraying agent of the present invention does not remain on the fruit surface or leaf surface and deteriorate the appearance (decrease the commercial value), and does not inhibit photosynthesis.
水溶性高分子化合物の中でも、リグニンスルホン酸カルシウムやカルボキシメチルセルロースカルシウムのようなカルシウム化合物は、葉面等に付着して植物に吸収されるのでカルシウム肥料としての効果も高い。従って、本発明の農用散布剤をカルシウム肥料として使用する場合には、リグニンスルホン酸カルシウムやカルボキシメチルセルロースカルシウムを使用するのが好ましい。 Among water-soluble polymer compounds, calcium compounds such as calcium lignin sulfonate and carboxymethyl cellulose calcium adhere to leaf surfaces and are absorbed by plants, so that they are highly effective as calcium fertilizers. Therefore, when the agricultural spray of the present invention is used as a calcium fertilizer, it is preferable to use calcium lignin sulfonate or carboxymethyl cellulose calcium.
また、本発明の農用散布剤は、上述の通り果面等を保護する効能もあり、リグニンスルホン酸カルシウムやカルボキシメチルセルロースカルシウムなら、果面保護の効能も期待できる。リグニンスルホン酸カルシウム又はカルボキシメチルセルロースカルシウムの使用はこの点からも好ましい。 Moreover, the agricultural spraying agent of this invention has the effect which protects a fruit surface etc. as above-mentioned, and if it is calcium lignin sulfonate or carboxymethylcellulose calcium, the effect of face protection can also be anticipated. The use of calcium lignin sulfonate or carboxymethyl cellulose calcium is also preferable from this point.
もう一方の必須成分である水溶性のカルシウム化合物(水溶性高分子化合物以外のカルシウム化合物)は、カルシウム肥料、果面保護など、カルシウム剤としての機能成分である。 The other essential component, a water-soluble calcium compound (a calcium compound other than the water-soluble polymer compound), is a functional component as a calcium agent, such as calcium fertilizer and fruit surface protection.
水溶性のカルシウム化合物の具体例として、塩化カルシウム、硝酸カルシウムなどの無機酸カルシウム、蟻酸カルシウム、酢酸カルシウム、プロピオン酸カルシウムなどの有機酸カルシウムが例示される。水溶性のカルシウム化合物は1種類を用いても複数種類を併用してもよい。 Specific examples of the water-soluble calcium compound include inorganic acid calcium such as calcium chloride and calcium nitrate, and organic acid calcium such as calcium formate, calcium acetate, and calcium propionate. One type of water-soluble calcium compound may be used, or a plurality of types may be used in combination.
水溶性の有機酸カルシウムの多くは結晶が透明(透光性)であるから、葉面に付着しても光合成を阻害しないので、本発明に適している。また、無機酸カルシウムでもこの条件に適合するものならば、同様に適している。 Many water-soluble calcium organic acids are suitable for the present invention because the crystals are transparent (translucent) and do not inhibit photosynthesis even if they adhere to the leaf surface. Also, inorganic acid calcium is also suitable if it meets this condition.
但し、水溶液にしたときのpHが中性〜弱酸性であることが植物にとって好ましいので、この条件を考慮すると有機酸カルシウムが優れている。そうした有機酸カルシウムの中でもカルボン酸カルシウムが好ましく、特に蟻酸カルシウムは水溶液(10%溶液)のpH値がほぼ7で、例えば500〜1000倍程度に希釈して用いるれば事実上中性と言えるのできわめて好適である。 However, since it is preferable for plants that the pH of the aqueous solution is neutral to weakly acidic, the organic acid calcium is excellent in consideration of this condition. Among such organic acid calciums, calcium carboxylate is preferable. Particularly, calcium formate has a pH value of about 7 in an aqueous solution (10% solution), and can be said to be practically neutral when used after being diluted, for example, about 500 to 1000 times. Very suitable.
本発明の農用散布剤は水溶性高分子化合物と水溶性カルシウム化合物とを必須とするが、上述したとおりこれら必須成分以外の添加を要さないから、必須成分のみで構成されればよい。但し、施用に当たって(施用者の判断で)、他の成分を添加したり、他の薬剤等と混用することを否定するものではない。 The agricultural spraying agent of the present invention requires a water-soluble polymer compound and a water-soluble calcium compound as essential, but as described above, since addition of these essential components is not required, it may be composed of only essential components. However, it does not deny that other components are added or mixed with other drugs or the like in application (at the judgment of the user).
次に、本発明の実施例により発明の実施の形態をより具体的に説明する。なお、本発明は下記の実施例等に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲でさまざまに実施できることは言うまでもない。
[実施例1]
リグニンスルホン酸カルシウムと蟻酸カルシウムとを2:8(質量基準)で配合し、撹拌によって混合して農用散布剤を得た。
[実施例2]
リグニンスルホン酸カルシウムと蟻酸カルシウムとを5:5(質量基準)で配合し、撹拌によって混合して農用散布剤を得た。
[散布実験]
実施例1、2の農用散布剤を水に溶解させて水溶液とし、それぞれ500倍と1000倍の希釈液としてリンゴ樹に散布した。乾燥後に葉面及び果面を肉眼で観察したところ、粉末と認められる程の付着物は無く、葉面及び果面の外見は散布前と同様であった。農用散布剤の成分(リグニンスルホン酸カルシウム、蟻酸カルシウム)の結晶が析出しているはずであるが、肉眼レベルではまったく問題にならないことが確認できた。すなわち、果面に残留して果実の見栄え(商品価値)を低下させることはなく、葉面に付着したものが光合成を阻害することもない。
[果面保護]
上記農用散布剤を散布したリンゴ樹から収穫したリンゴ果(100果)の表面の状態を観察較したところ、葉による擦過傷やサビなどの果皮障害は認められず、果面保護効果を確認できた。
[乾燥実験]
実施例1の農用散布剤(下記の表中ではA)を100倍、500倍及び1000倍に調製した水溶液をハンドスプレーで果実全体に吹きかけ、その後放置して乾燥状態を観察して完全に乾燥するまでの時間を測定した。なお、水及び炭酸カルシウム100倍水和液を対照とした。
実験条件:品種 ふじ、気温21℃、室内、無風、展着剤無添加
Next, the embodiments of the present invention will be described more specifically by examples of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the following examples and the like, and it goes without saying that the present invention can be implemented in various ways without departing from the gist of the present invention.
[Example 1]
Calcium lignin sulfonate and calcium formate were blended at 2: 8 (mass basis) and mixed by stirring to obtain an agricultural spray.
[Example 2]
Calcium lignin sulfonate and calcium formate were blended at 5: 5 (mass basis) and mixed by stirring to obtain an agricultural spray.
[Spraying experiment]
The agricultural spraying agents of Examples 1 and 2 were dissolved in water to form an aqueous solution, which was sprayed on apple trees as 500-fold and 1000-fold dilutions, respectively. When the leaf surface and fruit surface were observed with the naked eye after drying, there was no adhering matter to be recognized as powder, and the appearance of the leaf surface and fruit surface was the same as before spraying. Although crystals of agricultural spraying agents (calcium lignin sulfonate, calcium formate) should be precipitated, it was confirmed that there was no problem at the naked eye level. That is, it does not deteriorate the appearance (commercial value) of the fruit remaining on the fruit surface, and the material attached to the leaf surface does not inhibit photosynthesis.
[Face protection]
When the state of the surface of apple fruits (100 fruits) harvested from the apple tree sprayed with the above agricultural spray was observed, no flaws such as scratches caused by leaves or skin damage such as rust were observed, and the fruit surface protective effect was confirmed. .
[Drying experiment]
An aqueous solution prepared with 100 times, 500 times and 1000 times of the agricultural spraying agent of Example 1 (A in the table below) was sprayed on the whole fruit with a hand spray, and then allowed to stand to observe the dry state to completely dry. The time to do was measured. In addition, water and calcium carbonate 100 times hydration liquid were used as controls.
Experimental conditions: Variety Fuji, temperature 21 ° C, indoor, no wind, no spreading agent added
このように散布後の乾燥速度が速く、葉面や果面が速やかに乾燥するから、空気中を浮遊していたカビ等の菌が付着して増殖するおそれはないし、サビの発生も防止できる。
なお、対照とした炭酸カルシウムは、果面保護の効能はあるものの水溶性でなくて植物に吸収されないからカルシウム肥料にはならない。また、炭酸カルシウムは白色粉末であるため、これが果面に残留した場合には見栄えを悪化(商品価値を低下)させ、葉面に付着した場合は光合成を阻害する。
[その他]
リグニンスルホン酸カルシウムと蟻酸カルシウムとを2:8、5:5の配合例を実施例としたが、これらの中間の配合比でも実施例と同様の効果を得られる。
Thus, since the drying speed after spraying is fast and the leaf surface and fruit surface dries quickly, there is no fear that mold such as mold that has floated in the air will adhere and grow, and the occurrence of rust can also be prevented .
In addition, although the calcium carbonate used as a control has the effect of protecting the face, it is not water-soluble and is not absorbed by plants, so it does not become a calcium fertilizer. In addition, since calcium carbonate is a white powder, when it remains on the fruit surface, the appearance deteriorates (decreases the commercial value), and when it adheres to the leaf surface, photosynthesis is inhibited.
[Others]
The example of blending calcium lignin sulfonate and calcium formate in 2: 8, 5: 5 was taken as an example, but the same effects as in the example can be obtained even at an intermediate blending ratio.
本発明の農用散布剤は水溶液として散布するのに適しており、それ故に水溶性高分子化合物と同じく水溶性のカルシウム化合物とを必須成分としているが、用途によっては水で溶かずに粉末のままで散布しても構わない。 The agricultural spraying agent of the present invention is suitable for spraying as an aqueous solution, and therefore contains a water-soluble calcium compound as well as a water-soluble polymer compound as an essential component. You can spray with.
Claims (9)
前記水溶性高分子化合物:前記水溶性のカルシウム化合物の配合比(質量基準)が1:9〜9:1である
ことを特徴とする農用散布剤。 A water-soluble polymer compound and a water-soluble calcium compound (excluding the water-soluble polymer compound) as essential components,
An agricultural spraying agent, wherein a mixing ratio (mass basis) of the water-soluble polymer compound to the water-soluble calcium compound is 1: 9 to 9: 1.
前記水溶性高分子化合物:前記水溶性のカルシウム化合物の配合比(質量基準)が2:8〜5:5である
ことを特徴とする農用散布剤。 In the agricultural spraying agent according to claim 1,
An agricultural spraying agent, wherein a mixing ratio (mass basis) of the water-soluble polymer compound: the water-soluble calcium compound is 2: 8 to 5: 5.
前記水溶性高分子化合物はリグニンスルホン酸塩である
ことを特徴とする農用散布剤。 In the agricultural spraying agent according to claim 1 or 2,
The agricultural spraying agent, wherein the water-soluble polymer compound is lignin sulfonate.
前記水溶性高分子化合物はカルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム又はカルボキシメチルセルロースカルシウムである
ことを特徴とする農用散布剤。 In the agricultural spraying agent according to claim 1 or 2,
The water-soluble polymer compound is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or carboxymethyl cellulose calcium.
前記水溶性高分子化合物は天然多糖類である
ことを特徴とする農用散布剤。 In the agricultural spraying agent according to claim 1 or 2,
The agricultural spray agent, wherein the water-soluble polymer compound is a natural polysaccharide.
前記水溶性のカルシウム化合物は無機酸カルシウムである
ことを特徴とする農用散布剤。 In the agricultural spraying agent of any one of Claim 1 to 5,
The agricultural spraying agent, wherein the water-soluble calcium compound is calcium inorganic acid.
前記水溶性のカルシウム化合物は有機酸カルシウムである
ことを特徴とする農用散布剤。 In the agricultural spraying agent of any one of Claim 1 to 5,
The agricultural spraying agent, wherein the water-soluble calcium compound is organic acid calcium.
前記有機酸カルシウムはカルボン酸カルシウムである
ことを特徴とする農用散布剤。 In the agricultural spraying agent according to claim 7,
The organic spraying agent according to claim 1, wherein the organic acid calcium is calcium carboxylate.
前記カルボン酸カルシウムは蟻酸カルシウムである
ことを特徴とする農用散布剤。 In the agricultural spraying agent according to claim 8,
The agricultural spraying agent, wherein the calcium carboxylate is calcium formate.
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JP2004228196A JP2006044985A (en) | 2004-08-04 | 2004-08-04 | Agricultural spraying agent |
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JP2004228196A JP2006044985A (en) | 2004-08-04 | 2004-08-04 | Agricultural spraying agent |
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JP2014223059A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2014-12-04 | 晃栄化学工業株式会社 | Foliar spray agent |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2014223059A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2014-12-04 | 晃栄化学工業株式会社 | Foliar spray agent |
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