JP2005353722A - Electric double layer capacitor - Google Patents

Electric double layer capacitor Download PDF

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JP2005353722A
JP2005353722A JP2004170897A JP2004170897A JP2005353722A JP 2005353722 A JP2005353722 A JP 2005353722A JP 2004170897 A JP2004170897 A JP 2004170897A JP 2004170897 A JP2004170897 A JP 2004170897A JP 2005353722 A JP2005353722 A JP 2005353722A
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electrode
electric double
double layer
layer capacitor
cells
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Tomonori Moriwaki
智紀 森脇
Toshiyuki Kubo
利行 久保
Yoko Ishii
陽子 石井
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/13Energy storage using capacitors

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  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric double layer capacitor using electrolyte providing a high voltage and output, easy to fabricate, and reducing the cost of parts and the number of man-hours necessary for assembling them. <P>SOLUTION: For the formation of this electric double layer capacitor, positive poles are formed by winding polarizable electrodes on a charge collector and negative poles are formed again by winding polarizable electrodes on the charge collector, with separators in between them. These are housed in a cylindrical metal case, and an electrolytic liquid is injected. The capacitor has a plurality of cells, wherein the positive poles and negative poles are alternately arranged in the direction of axis and are wound with separators in between them for the positive poles and negative poles to face each other, and has sealing members which are arranged in between the positive poles and negative poles alternately arranged in the direction of axis and establish insulation between the cells. The cells are housed in a metal case, and an electrolytic liquid is injected into each of the cells. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、電気二重層キャパシタに関し、特に、電気自動車や各種電気機器に使用される電気二重層キャパシタに関するものである。   The present invention relates to an electric double layer capacitor, and more particularly to an electric double layer capacitor used in an electric vehicle and various electric devices.

従来の電気二重層キャパシタには、高電圧・高出力を得るために、筒状の単セルを複数並列配置してバスバーなどの接続部材を介してそれらの複数の単セルを直列接続したモジュール構造をしたものがある(例えば、特許文献1参照)。また、電気的に直列接続された集合電池には、イオン導電性フィルムの一方の面に正極剤と負極剤を間隔を空けて交互に配置し、他方の面上には前記一方の面上に配置された正極剤または負極剤とイオン導電性フィルムを間に介して異なる極性の極剤が対向して、一枚のイオン導電性フィルムに複数個の発電要素が電気的に直列接続された固体電解質集合電池がある(例えば、特許文献2参照)。   A conventional electric double layer capacitor has a module structure in which a plurality of cylindrical single cells are arranged in parallel and connected in series via a connecting member such as a bus bar in order to obtain high voltage and high output. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). In addition, in the battery assembly electrically connected in series, the positive electrode agent and the negative electrode agent are alternately arranged on one surface of the ion conductive film with an interval, and the other surface is on the one surface. A solid in which a plurality of power generating elements are electrically connected in series to a single ion conductive film, with the positive electrode agent or negative electrode agent and the polar agent having different polarities facing each other across the ion conductive film. There is an electrolyte battery assembly (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

特許文献1に開示される電気二重層キャパシタは、並列配置される複数の筒状のセルを、接続部材を介して直列接続したセルモジュール構造である。セルの一端には、互いに極性の異なる外側端子と内側端子とが同軸的に配設されている。接続部材は、セルの外側端子が係合されてセルを保持するホルダと、セルの内側端子に対応する内側バスバーと、セルの外側端子に対応し、かつ、隣接するセルの内側バスバーに接続される外側バスバーとを備えている。外側端子が接続部材のホルダに係合されるに伴い、外側端子が外側バスバーに接触するとともに内側端子が内側バスバーに接触して1つのセルに接続部材が装着され、隣接する各セルに装着された接続部材の外側バスバーと内側バスバーとが接続されることにより、それらセルが直列接続されている。   The electric double layer capacitor disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a cell module structure in which a plurality of cylindrical cells arranged in parallel are connected in series via a connecting member. An outer terminal and an inner terminal having different polarities are coaxially disposed at one end of the cell. The connection member is connected to the holder that holds the cell by engaging the outer terminal of the cell, the inner bus bar corresponding to the inner terminal of the cell, and the inner bus bar of the adjacent cell corresponding to the outer terminal of the cell. And an outer bus bar. As the outer terminal is engaged with the holder of the connecting member, the outer terminal comes into contact with the outer bus bar and the inner terminal comes into contact with the inner bus bar, so that the connecting member is attached to one cell and attached to each adjacent cell. By connecting the outer bus bar and the inner bus bar of the connecting member, the cells are connected in series.

上記のような技術を用いた場合、単一キャパシタ素子をそれぞれ金属ケースに収納し、それらを並列配置してバスバーにより直列接続するため、各素子の金属ケースやバスバーのような接続部材など、部品点数も増加する。また、キャパシタ素子を個別に金属ケースに収納する工程、個別封口の工程、端子溶接の工程などが必要となり、工数も増大してしまうという問題があった。また、バスバーを用いることにより、モジュール接続抵抗が大きくなってしまうという問題があった。   When using the technology as described above, each single capacitor element is housed in a metal case, and they are arranged in parallel and connected in series by a bus bar. The score also increases. In addition, a process of individually storing capacitor elements in a metal case, a process of individual sealing, a process of terminal welding, and the like are required, and there is a problem that man-hours increase. In addition, there is a problem that the module connection resistance is increased by using the bus bar.

そこで、特許文献2のように一つの容器に複数の発電要素を収容する技術が考えられる。しかしながら、上記従来の技術では、液体の電解質(電解液)を用いた場合、電解液が発電要素ごとに区切られておらず共通になってしまい、発電要素それぞれにかかる電圧が均一でなくなり、高電圧の部分と低電圧の部分ができてしまい、高電圧の部分の負荷が高くなり、性能劣化が激しく、耐久性に欠けるものになる。また、電解液を用いた場合、イオン導電性フィルムがすべての発電要素で共通になっているので、電解液を含んだイオン導電性フィルムにより短絡を引き起こしてしまうという問題が発生する。
特開2002−190289号公報 特許第2522410号公報
Then, the technique of accommodating a several electric power generation element in one container like patent document 2 can be considered. However, in the above conventional technique, when a liquid electrolyte (electrolytic solution) is used, the electrolytic solution is not divided for each power generation element and becomes common, and the voltage applied to each power generation element is not uniform. The voltage portion and the low voltage portion are formed, the load of the high voltage portion becomes high, the performance is severely deteriorated, and the durability is insufficient. Further, when the electrolytic solution is used, the ionic conductive film is common to all the power generation elements, so that there is a problem that the ionic conductive film containing the electrolytic solution causes a short circuit.
JP 2002-190289 A Japanese Patent No. 2522410

本発明の課題は、高電圧・高出力を得るための電気二重層キャパシタの構造で、単一キャパシタ素子をそれぞれ金属ケースに収納し、それらを並列配置してバスバーにより直列接続するときには、各素子の金属ケースやバスバーのような接続部材など、部品点数も増加してしまうという問題を解消することである。また、キャパシタ素子を個別に金属ケースに収納する工程、個別封口の工程、端子溶接の工程などが必要となり、工数も増大してしまうという問題や、また、バスバーを用いることにより、モジュール接続抵抗が大きくなってしまうという問題を解消することも本発明の課題である。さらに、本発明の課題は、液体の電解質(電解液)を用いた場合、電解液が発電要素ごとに区切られておらず共通になってしまい、発電要素それぞれにかかる電圧が均一でなくなり、高電圧の部分と低電圧の部分ができてしまい、高電圧の部分の負荷が高くなり、性能劣化が激しく、耐久性に欠けるものになるという問題を解消し、また、電解液を用いた場合、イオン導電性フィルムがすべての発電要素で共通になっているので、電解液を含んだイオン導電性フィルムにより短絡を引き起こしてしまうという問題を解消することにある。   An object of the present invention is a structure of an electric double layer capacitor for obtaining a high voltage and a high output. When a single capacitor element is housed in a metal case and arranged in parallel and connected in series by a bus bar, each element is This is to solve the problem that the number of parts such as a metal case and a connecting member such as a bus bar increases. In addition, a process of individually storing capacitor elements in a metal case, a process of individual sealing, a process of terminal welding, etc. are required, and the problem that the number of man-hours increases, and the module connection resistance is reduced by using a bus bar. It is also an object of the present invention to eliminate the problem of increasing the size. Furthermore, the problem of the present invention is that when a liquid electrolyte (electrolytic solution) is used, the electrolytic solution is not divided for each power generation element and becomes common, and the voltage applied to each of the power generation elements is not uniform. When the voltage part and the low voltage part are made, the load of the high voltage part becomes high, the performance deterioration is severe, the problem of lack of durability is solved, and when using an electrolyte, Since the ion conductive film is common to all the power generation elements, the problem of causing a short circuit due to the ion conductive film containing the electrolytic solution is to be solved.

本発明の目的は、上記の課題を鑑み、高電圧・高出力が得られ、容易に組み立てることができ、部品コスト削減、部品組み立て工数削減を実現することのできる電解液を用いた電気二重層キャパシタを提供することにある。   In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an electric double layer using an electrolytic solution that can achieve high voltage and high output, can be easily assembled, and can realize component cost reduction and component assembly man-hour reduction. It is to provide a capacitor.

本発明に係る電気二重層キャパシタは、上記の目的を達成するために、次のように構成される。   In order to achieve the above object, an electric double layer capacitor according to the present invention is configured as follows.

第1の電気二重層キャパシタ(請求項1に対応)は、シート状集電体に分極性電極を形成してなる正極とシート状集電体に分極性電極を形成してなる負極とをセパレータを介して巻回し、円筒状の金属ケースに収容し、電解液を注入することにより形成された電気二重層キャパシタにおいて、軸方向に交互に配置された正極および負極と、正極および負極とを対向するようにそれぞれの電極に対してセパレータを介して配置された負極および正極とを巻回することにより形成される複数のセルと、軸方向に交互に配置された正極および負極の間に配置され、セル間を絶縁するシール部材とを備え、複数のセルを金属ケースに収容し、それぞれのセルに電解液を注入したことで特徴づけられる。   The first electric double layer capacitor (corresponding to claim 1) is a separator comprising a positive electrode formed by forming a polarizable electrode on a sheet-shaped current collector and a negative electrode formed by forming a polarizable electrode on a sheet-shaped current collector. In an electric double-layer capacitor formed by winding through a metal case and accommodating in a cylindrical metal case and injecting an electrolyte, the positive and negative electrodes alternately arranged in the axial direction are opposed to the positive and negative electrodes To be arranged between a plurality of cells formed by winding a negative electrode and a positive electrode arranged via a separator with respect to each electrode, and a positive electrode and a negative electrode arranged alternately in the axial direction. And a sealing member that insulates the cells, and a plurality of cells are housed in a metal case, and an electrolyte is injected into each cell.

第2の電気二重層キャパシタ(請求項2に対応)は、上記の構成において、好ましくは一枚のシート状集電体の面上に分極性電極の正極ならびに負極が形成されたバイポーラ電極を複数備え、バイポーラ電極が他のバイポーラ電極とセパレータを介して互いに極性の異なる分極性電極が対向するように配置されていることで特徴づけられる。   In the second electric double layer capacitor (corresponding to claim 2), a plurality of bipolar electrodes in which the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the polarizable electrode are preferably formed on the surface of one sheet-like current collector are provided. The bipolar electrode is characterized by being arranged so that polarizable electrodes having different polarities face each other through another bipolar electrode and a separator.

本発明によれば、複数個分のキャパシタ素子を同時に巻回し、一つの金属ケースに収容するので、容易に組み立てることができ、部品コストおよび組み立て工数を削減することができる。また、キャパシタ素子ごとにシール材で区切られているので、隣り合うキャパシタ素子で短絡を起こすことなく、また、電解液の液落を起こすこともないので、高電圧・高出力を得ることができる。   According to the present invention, since a plurality of capacitor elements are simultaneously wound and accommodated in one metal case, they can be easily assembled, and the parts cost and the number of assembly steps can be reduced. In addition, since each capacitor element is separated by a sealing material, no short circuit occurs between adjacent capacitor elements, and no electrolyte drops occur, so that high voltage and high output can be obtained. .

以下、本発明の好適な実施形態(実施例)を添付図面に基づいて説明する。   DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments (examples) of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図1は、本発明の第1の実施形態に係る電気二重層キャパシタの断面図である。電気二重層キャパシタ10は、1つの円筒体ケースなどの容器11に、4つ分が1体となったキャパシタ素子12を入れ、電解液を封入したものである。電解液のキャパシタ素子12の4区分間での流動を妨げるためのシール部材13が設けられている。   FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electric double layer capacitor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The electric double layer capacitor 10 is a container 11 such as one cylindrical case in which a capacitor element 12 of four is put in one body and an electrolytic solution is enclosed. A seal member 13 is provided to prevent the electrolytic solution from flowing between the four sections of the capacitor element 12.

容器11は、例えば、円筒体ケースであり、円筒体ケースは、4つのセルが1体となったキャパシタ素子12を挿入するためのセル挿入口14とセル挿入口14を封止した封口体15,16と、を有する。封口体15,16の中央には、キャパシタ素子12の両端に接続される電極端子18,20が設けられている。また、容器11には、4区分に電解液を注液するための注液口17を設けている。さらに、容器11の内面は、ポリイミド系コーティング材で絶縁状態に塗装されている。   The container 11 is, for example, a cylindrical case, and the cylindrical case includes a cell insertion port 14 for inserting the capacitor element 12 including four cells, and a sealing body 15 that seals the cell insertion port 14. , 16. In the center of the sealing bodies 15 and 16, electrode terminals 18 and 20 connected to both ends of the capacitor element 12 are provided. In addition, the container 11 is provided with a liquid injection port 17 for injecting an electrolyte into four sections. Furthermore, the inner surface of the container 11 is painted in an insulating state with a polyimide coating material.

容器(金属ケース)11のセル挿入口14付近では、封口体15,16を係止するために、容器11に横絞り溝14aが形成され、封口体15,16の周りに密封するための密封部材14bを取り付け、その密封部材14bと一体となった封口体15,16をその横絞り溝14a上に載置した後、容器11の開口端縁11aを内側にカールさせることにより封口体15,16が固定される。   In the vicinity of the cell insertion opening 14 of the container (metal case) 11, in order to lock the sealing bodies 15, 16, a lateral throttle groove 14 a is formed in the container 11, and sealing for sealing around the sealing bodies 15, 16. After the member 14b is attached and the sealing bodies 15 and 16 integrated with the sealing member 14b are placed on the lateral throttle groove 14a, the opening edge 11a of the container 11 is curled inward to close the sealing body 15, 16 is fixed.

図2は、キャパシタ素子12の一部分を巻き解いた状態で示す図である。キャパシタ素子12は、通常電極21,22とバイポーラ電極23,24,25とを、それらの間にセパレータ26を介在させて4区分にする境界にシール部材27を設けて巻回してなる。   FIG. 2 is a view showing a part of the capacitor element 12 unrolled. Capacitor element 12 is formed by winding normal electrodes 21 and 22 and bipolar electrodes 23, 24, and 25 with a seal member 27 provided at a boundary that is divided into four sections with a separator 26 interposed therebetween.

図3は、通常電極21,22の断面図である。通常電極21,22はアルミニウム箔からなるテープ状の集電体28の両面に、分極性電極29を形成したものからなる。分極性電極29は例えば活性炭、カーボンおよびバインダーとしてポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)を混練してシート状としたものである。なお、集電体28は、箔のほか、金属の板状体もしくは網目状体であってもよい。   FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the normal electrodes 21 and 22. The normal electrodes 21 and 22 are formed by forming polarizable electrodes 29 on both surfaces of a tape-like current collector 28 made of an aluminum foil. For example, the polarizable electrode 29 is formed into a sheet by kneading activated carbon, carbon, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a binder. The current collector 28 may be a metal plate-like body or a mesh-like body in addition to the foil.

集電体28は分極性電極29より幅が広く、集電体28の片側縁部側には分極性電極29よりはみ出ている、はみ出しリード部30が形成されている。   The current collector 28 is wider than the polarizable electrode 29, and a protruding lead portion 30 that protrudes from the polarizable electrode 29 is formed on one side edge of the current collector 28.

図4は、バイポーラ電極23,24,25の断面図である。バイポーラ電極23,24,25はアルミニウム箔からなるテープ状の集電体31の両面ともに、片面に正極用の分極性電極32と負極用の分極性電極33を隙間34を設けて形成している。分極性電極32,33は例えば活性炭、カーボンおよびバインダーとしてのポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)を混練してシート状としたものである。なお、集電体31は、箔のほか金属の板状体もしくは網目状体であってもよい。   FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the bipolar electrodes 23, 24 and 25. The bipolar electrodes 23, 24, and 25 are formed by forming a positive electrode polarizable electrode 32 and a negative electrode polarizable electrode 33 with a gap 34 on both sides of a tape-like current collector 31 made of an aluminum foil. . For example, the polarizable electrodes 32 and 33 are formed into a sheet by kneading activated carbon, carbon, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a binder. Note that the current collector 31 may be a metal plate or network in addition to foil.

セパレータ26はポリプロピレン製やマニラ麻製、和紙製などのシートからなる。   The separator 26 is made of a sheet made of polypropylene, Manila hemp or Japanese paper.

通常電極21,22とバイポーラ電極23,24,25の間には、セパレータ26がそれぞれ配置される。その際、通常電極21,22のはみ出しリード部30はセパレータ26の縁部から出るように配置される。上記のはみ出しリード部が内側にそれぞれ倒し込まれ、リード面が形成される。   Separators 26 are respectively disposed between the normal electrodes 21 and 22 and the bipolar electrodes 23, 24 and 25. At that time, the protruding lead portions 30 of the normal electrodes 21 and 22 are arranged so as to protrude from the edge of the separator 26. The above protruding lead portions are respectively brought down inside to form a lead surface.

その後、通常電極21,22とバイポーラ電極23,24,25を巻芯35に巻回して外側をテープで止めてキャパシタ素子12とされる。   Thereafter, the normal electrodes 21 and 22 and the bipolar electrodes 23, 24, and 25 are wound around the core 35, and the outside is fixed with tape to form the capacitor element 12.

図5は、本発明の第2の実施形態に係る電気二重層キャパシタの断面図である。電気二重層キャパシタ40は、1つの円筒体ケースなどの容器41に、2つのセルを一体にしたキャパシタ素子42を入れ、電解液43を封入したものである。電解液43のキャパシタ素子42を上素子44、下素子45の2つに区分する間での流動を妨げるためのシール部材46が設けられている。   FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an electric double layer capacitor according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the electric double layer capacitor 40, a capacitor element 42 in which two cells are integrated is placed in a container 41 such as one cylindrical body case, and an electrolytic solution 43 is enclosed. A seal member 46 is provided for preventing the flow of the electrolytic solution 43 while the capacitor element 42 is divided into an upper element 44 and a lower element 45.

容器41は、円筒体ケースであり、円筒体ケースは、2つのセルが一体となったキャパシタ素子42を挿入するためのセル挿入口47とセル挿入口47を封止した封口体48と、を有する。また、容器41の底は、防爆弁49が設けられている。さらに、容器41の内面は、ポリイミド系コーティング材で絶縁状態に塗装されている。   The container 41 is a cylindrical case, and the cylindrical case includes a cell insertion port 47 for inserting a capacitor element 42 in which two cells are integrated, and a sealing body 48 that seals the cell insertion port 47. Have. An explosion-proof valve 49 is provided at the bottom of the container 41. Furthermore, the inner surface of the container 41 is painted in an insulating state with a polyimide coating material.

容器(金属ケース)41のセル挿入口47には、周囲に負極端子50、中央に正極端子51が同軸的に設けられ、負極端子50と正極端子51の間には、絶縁体52が設けられている。   The cell insertion port 47 of the container (metal case) 41 is provided with a negative electrode terminal 50 at the periphery and a positive electrode terminal 51 coaxially at the center, and an insulator 52 is provided between the negative electrode terminal 50 and the positive electrode terminal 51. ing.

図6は、キャパシタ素子42の一部分を巻き解いた状態で示す図である。また、図7は、キャパシタ素子42の断面図である。キャパシタ素子42は、図3で示した構造と同様の構造の通常電極53,54と図4で示した構造と同様の構造のバイポーラ電極55とを、液絡防止用のシール部材57を設け、それらの間にセパレータ56を介在させて巻芯58に巻回してなる。   FIG. 6 is a view showing a part of the capacitor element 42 unrolled. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the capacitor element 42. Capacitor element 42 is provided with normal electrodes 53 and 54 having the same structure as that shown in FIG. 3, bipolar electrode 55 having the same structure as that shown in FIG. 4, and seal member 57 for preventing liquid junction, It is wound around a core 58 with a separator 56 interposed therebetween.

通常電極53はアルミニウム箔からなるテープ状の集電体59の両面に、シート状の分極性電極60を形成したものからなる。分極性電極60は例えば活性炭、カーボンおよびバインダーとしてポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)を混練してシート状としたものである。なお、集電体59は、箔のほか、金属の板状体もしくは網目状体であってもよい。そして、この電極が上素子正極となる。   The normal electrode 53 is formed by forming sheet-like polarizable electrodes 60 on both surfaces of a tape-like current collector 59 made of an aluminum foil. For example, the polarizable electrode 60 is a sheet formed by kneading activated carbon, carbon, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a binder. The current collector 59 may be a metal plate-like body or a mesh-like body in addition to the foil. This electrode becomes the upper element positive electrode.

集電体59は分極性電極60より幅が広く、分極性電極60は集電体59の下側縁部側に沿って配置されて、したがって、集電体59の上側縁部側には分極性電極60よりはみ出ている、はみ出しリード部61が形成されている。   The current collector 59 is wider than the polarizable electrode 60, and the polarizable electrode 60 is arranged along the lower edge side of the current collector 59. Therefore, the current collector 59 is separated from the upper edge side of the current collector 59. A protruding lead portion 61 that protrudes from the polar electrode 60 is formed.

一方、通常電極54はアルミニウム箔からなるテープ状の集電体62の両面にシート状の分極性電極63を形成したものからなる。分極性電極63は例えば活性炭、カーボンおよびバインダーとしてのポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)を混練してシート状としたものである。なお集電体62は、箔のほか金属の板状体もしくは網目状体であってもよい。そして、この電極が下素子負極となる。   On the other hand, the normal electrode 54 is formed by forming sheet-like polarizable electrodes 63 on both surfaces of a tape-like current collector 62 made of an aluminum foil. For example, the polarizable electrode 63 is formed into a sheet by kneading activated carbon, carbon, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a binder. Note that the current collector 62 may be a metal plate or network in addition to the foil. This electrode becomes the lower element negative electrode.

集電体62は分極性電極63より幅が広く、分極性電極63は集電体62の上側縁部側に沿って配置されて、したがって集電体62の下側縁部側には分極性電極63よりはみ出している、はみ出しリード部64が形成されている。   The current collector 62 is wider than the polarizable electrode 63, and the polarizable electrode 63 is disposed along the upper edge side of the current collector 62, and therefore polarizable on the lower edge side of the current collector 62. A protruding lead portion 64 that protrudes from the electrode 63 is formed.

バイポーラ電極55はアルミニウム箔からなるテープ状の集電体65の両面ともに、片面に正極用の分極性電極66と負極用の分極性電極67を隙間68を設けて形成している。分極性電極66,67は例えば活性炭、カーボンおよびバインダーとしてのポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)を混練してシート状としたものである。なお集電体65は、箔のほか金属の板状体もしくは網目状体であってもよい。   The bipolar electrode 55 includes a positive electrode polarizable electrode 66 and a negative electrode polarizable electrode 67 provided on both sides of a tape-like current collector 65 made of an aluminum foil with a gap 68 formed therebetween. For example, the polarizable electrodes 66 and 67 are formed into a sheet by kneading activated carbon, carbon, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a binder. The current collector 65 may be a metal plate or network in addition to the foil.

セパレータ56はポリプロピレン製やマニラ麻製、和紙製などのシートからなる。   The separator 56 is made of a sheet made of polypropylene, Manila hemp or Japanese paper.

通常電極53,54とバイポーラ電極55の間には、セパレータ56がそれぞれ配置される。その際、通常電極54のはみ出しリード部64はセパレータ56の下側縁部より下に、また通常電極53のはみ出しリード部61はセパレータ56の上側縁部より上に出るように配置される。上記の上下のはみ出しリード部が内側にそれぞれ倒し込まれ、上面および下面にリード面が形成される。   Separators 56 are respectively disposed between the normal electrodes 53 and 54 and the bipolar electrode 55. At this time, the protruding lead portion 64 of the normal electrode 54 is disposed below the lower edge portion of the separator 56, and the protruding lead portion 61 of the normal electrode 53 is disposed above the upper edge portion of the separator 56. The upper and lower protruding lead portions are respectively brought down inside, and lead surfaces are formed on the upper surface and the lower surface.

その後、通常電極53,54とバイポーラ電極55を巻芯58に巻回して外側をテープで止めてキャパシタ素子42とされる。   Thereafter, the normal electrodes 53 and 54 and the bipolar electrode 55 are wound around the core 58 and the outside is fixed with a tape to form the capacitor element 42.

このように、複数個分のキャパシタ素子を同時に巻回し、一つの金属ケースに収容するので、容易に組み立てることができ、部品コストおよび組み立て工数を削減することができる。また、キャパシタ素子ごとにシール材で区切られているので、隣り合うキャパシタ素子で短絡を起こすことなく、また、電解液の液落を起こすこともないので、高電圧・高出力を得ることができる。   As described above, since a plurality of capacitor elements are simultaneously wound and accommodated in one metal case, it can be easily assembled, and the parts cost and the number of assembling steps can be reduced. In addition, since each capacitor element is separated by a sealing material, no short circuit occurs between adjacent capacitor elements, and no electrolyte drops occur, so that high voltage and high output can be obtained. .

次に、本発明の電気二重層キャパシタの製造方法を図1〜図4を用いて説明する。   Next, the manufacturing method of the electric double layer capacitor of this invention is demonstrated using FIGS.

キャパシタ素子12はアルミニウム箔からなる集電体31に正極および負極の両分極性電極32,33が塗布された3枚のバイポーラ電極23,24,25と、一枚のアルミニウム箔からなる集電体28に一つの分極性電極29が形成された2枚の通常電極21,22とを用いて形成する。3枚のバイポーラ電極23,24,25はそれぞれ正極と負極の間34に、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンのシール部材27を配置する。   Capacitor element 12 includes three bipolar electrodes 23, 24, 25 in which positive and negative polarizable electrodes 32, 33 are applied to a current collector 31 made of aluminum foil, and a current collector made of one aluminum foil. 28, two normal electrodes 21 and 22 each having one polarizable electrode 29 formed thereon. The three bipolar electrodes 23, 24, and 25 each have a polytetrafluoroethylene sealing member 27 disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode 34, respectively.

集電体28,31に分極性電極29,32,33を形成する方法として、スラリー状の電極材料を集電体28,31に塗工し乾燥してもよいし、予め形成しておいた電極シートを集電体28,31に接着してもよい。   As a method of forming the polarizable electrodes 29, 32, 33 on the current collectors 28, 31, a slurry-like electrode material may be applied to the current collectors 28, 31 and dried, or previously formed. The electrode sheet may be bonded to the current collectors 28 and 31.

例えば、4つのキャパシタ素子を直列に接続したものに相当するよう形成された本発明の電気二重層キャパシタ10について説明する。図2に示すように、負極と正極が交互に配置されるようにバイポーラ電極23,24,25と通常電極21,22を配置する。図2においては、内側となるシートでは、通常電極(負極)21、バイポーラ電極(正極、負極)24、通常電極(正極)22と配置する。各電極に対して異なる極性をもつ電極を、セパレータ26を挟んで配置する。このとき、隣り合う電極とは逆方向の集電体(はみ出しリード部)30がセパレータ26より露出するように配置される。また、内側のシートに対してセパレータ26を挟んで、バイポーラ電極(正極、負極)23、バイポーラ電極(正極、負極)25を順に配置する。このとき、内側となるシートとは逆方向の集電体(はみ出しリード部)30が露出するように配置する。バイポーラ電極23,24,25の正極および負極の間にはポリテトラフルオロエチレンで帯状に形成されたシール部材27を配置する。   For example, the electric double layer capacitor 10 of the present invention formed so as to correspond to one in which four capacitor elements are connected in series will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, bipolar electrodes 23, 24, 25 and normal electrodes 21, 22 are arranged so that negative electrodes and positive electrodes are alternately arranged. In FIG. 2, a normal electrode (negative electrode) 21, a bipolar electrode (positive electrode, negative electrode) 24, and a normal electrode (positive electrode) 22 are arranged on the inner sheet. Electrodes having different polarities with respect to the respective electrodes are arranged with the separator 26 interposed therebetween. At this time, it arrange | positions so that the collector (excessive lead part) 30 of a reverse direction with an adjacent electrode may be exposed from the separator 26. FIG. Further, a bipolar electrode (positive electrode, negative electrode) 23 and a bipolar electrode (positive electrode, negative electrode) 25 are arranged in this order with the separator 26 sandwiched between the inner sheet. At this time, it arrange | positions so that the electrical power collector (excessive lead part) 30 of the reverse direction to the sheet | seat used as an inner side may be exposed. Between the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes of the bipolar electrodes 23, 24, 25, a seal member 27 made of polytetrafluoroethylene in a band shape is disposed.

そのシール部材27は、集電体31に塗布された分極性電極33の2倍程度の厚さをもつ。これにより隣り合う電極が確実に絶縁される。さらに外側に位置するそれぞれの電極の最外層にセパレータ26を配設する。   The seal member 27 has a thickness about twice that of the polarizable electrode 33 applied to the current collector 31. This ensures that adjacent electrodes are insulated. Further, a separator 26 is disposed on the outermost layer of each electrode located on the outer side.

以上のように配置されたキャパシタ素子材料を一度に(同時に)巻き上げる。これにより、セパレータ26を介して負極と正極の端面が互いに逆方向に露出するようにして巻回されたキャパシタ素子12が4つ直列接続したものに相当する電気二重層キャパシタを一度の巻回作業で形成することができる。   The capacitor element material arranged as described above is wound up at the same time (simultaneously). As a result, the electric double layer capacitor corresponding to the four capacitor elements 12 wound in series with the end faces of the negative electrode and the positive electrode exposed in the opposite directions through the separator 26 is wound once. Can be formed.

また、キャパシタ素子材料を巻回した際にそれぞれのシール部材27が余分に一周するように形成する。この巻回物を一つの円筒ケースに挿入し、円筒ケース11の両端を電極端子18,20を備えた集電板と封口体15,16により封口する。さらに、円筒体のキャパシタ素子のセルの区画ごとに開口された注液口17より電解液を注入する。このとき、電極と同時に巻き上げたシール部材27がケースに密着し、シール効果を発揮するため、各キャパシタ素子のセル間で電解液が区切られ、液落が防止される。電解液が液落してしまうと、キャパシタ素子のそれぞれのセルにかかる電圧が均一でなくなり、高電圧の部分と低電圧の部分ができてしまい、高電圧の部分の負荷が高くなり、性能劣化が激しく、耐久性に欠けるものになる。   Further, each of the sealing members 27 is formed to make an extra round when the capacitor element material is wound. This wound product is inserted into one cylindrical case, and both ends of the cylindrical case 11 are sealed with current collector plates provided with electrode terminals 18 and 20 and sealing bodies 15 and 16. Further, an electrolytic solution is injected from a liquid injection port 17 opened for each cell section of the cylindrical capacitor element. At this time, the seal member 27 rolled up at the same time as the electrode is brought into close contact with the case and exhibits a sealing effect, so that the electrolytic solution is partitioned between the cells of each capacitor element, and liquid drop is prevented. If the electrolyte drops, the voltage applied to each cell of the capacitor element will not be uniform, creating a high-voltage part and a low-voltage part, increasing the load on the high-voltage part and degrading performance. It is intense and lacks durability.

以上により複数のキャパシタ素子を直列接続したものと同等の電気二重層キャパシタを簡易な工程と少ない部品点数で成形することができる。   As described above, an electric double layer capacitor equivalent to one in which a plurality of capacitor elements are connected in series can be formed with a simple process and a small number of parts.

本発明は、高電圧・高出力の電気二重層キャパシタとして利用することができる。   The present invention can be used as a high voltage / high output electric double layer capacitor.

本発明の第1の実施形態に係る電気二重層キャパシタの断面図である。1 is a cross-sectional view of an electric double layer capacitor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. キャパシタ素子の一部分を巻き解いた状態で示す図である。It is a figure shown in the state which unrolled a part of capacitor element. 通常電極の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of a normal electrode. バイポーラ電極の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of a bipolar electrode. 本発明の第2の実施形態に係る電気二重層キャパシタの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the electric double layer capacitor which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. キャパシタ素子の一部分を巻き解いた状態で示す図である。It is a figure shown in the state which unrolled a part of capacitor element. キャパシタ素子の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of a capacitor element.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

10 電気二重層キャパシタ
11 容器
12 キャパシタ素子
13 シール部材
14 セル挿入口
15 封口体
16 封口体
17 注液口
18 電極端子
20 電極端子
21 通常電極
22 通常電極
23 バイポーラ電極
24 バイポーラ電極
25 バイポーラ電極
26 セパレータ
27 シール部材
28 集電体
29 分極性電極
30 はみ出しリード部
31 集電体
32 正極用分極性電極
33 負極用分極性電極
34 隙間
35 巻芯
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Electric double layer capacitor 11 Container 12 Capacitor element 13 Seal member 14 Cell insertion port 15 Sealing body 16 Sealing body 17 Injection port 18 Electrode terminal 20 Electrode terminal 21 Normal electrode 22 Normal electrode 23 Bipolar electrode 24 Bipolar electrode 25 Bipolar electrode 26 Separator 27 Seal member 28 Current collector 29 Polarized electrode 30 Protruding lead portion 31 Current collector 32 Polarizing electrode for positive electrode 33 Polarizing electrode for negative electrode 34 Gap 35 Winding core

Claims (2)

シート状集電体に分極性電極を形成してなる正極とシート状集電体に分極性電極を形成してなる負極とをセパレータを介して巻回し、円筒状の金属ケースに収容し、電解液を注入することにより形成された電気二重層キャパシタにおいて、
軸方向に交互に配置された前記正極および前記負極と、前記正極および前記負極とを対向するようにそれぞれの電極に対して前記セパレータを介して配置された負極および正極とを巻回することにより形成される複数のセルと、
軸方向に交互に配置された前記正極および前記負極の間に配置され、前記セル間を絶縁するシール部材とを備え、
前記複数のセルを金属ケースに収容し、それぞれのセルに電解液を注入したことを特徴とする電気二重層キャパシタ。
A positive electrode formed by forming a polarizable electrode on a sheet-shaped current collector and a negative electrode formed by forming a polarizable electrode on a sheet-shaped current collector are wound through a separator, accommodated in a cylindrical metal case, and electrolyzed. In an electric double layer capacitor formed by injecting a liquid,
By winding the positive electrode and the negative electrode alternately arranged in the axial direction, and the negative electrode and the positive electrode arranged via the separator so that the positive electrode and the negative electrode face each other. A plurality of cells formed;
A seal member that is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode that are alternately disposed in the axial direction, and that insulates the cells;
An electric double layer capacitor, wherein the plurality of cells are housed in a metal case, and an electrolytic solution is injected into each cell.
一枚のシート状集電体の面上に前記分極性電極の前記正極ならびに前記負極が形成されたバイポーラ電極を複数備え、
前記バイポーラ電極が他の前記バイポーラ電極と前記セパレータを介して互いに極性の異なる前記分極性電極が対向するように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の電気二重層キャパシタ。
A plurality of bipolar electrodes in which the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the polarizable electrode are formed on the surface of a sheet-shaped current collector,
2. The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the bipolar electrode is disposed so that the polarizable electrodes having different polarities face each other through the other bipolar electrode and the separator.
JP2004170897A 2004-06-09 2004-06-09 Electric double layer capacitor Pending JP2005353722A (en)

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US11217399B2 (en) 2018-07-10 2022-01-04 Lg Chem, Ltd. Electrochemical capacitor and method of manufacturing the same
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