JP2005345518A - Surface leakage light optical waveguide and photocatalytic module - Google Patents

Surface leakage light optical waveguide and photocatalytic module Download PDF

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JP2005345518A
JP2005345518A JP2004161719A JP2004161719A JP2005345518A JP 2005345518 A JP2005345518 A JP 2005345518A JP 2004161719 A JP2004161719 A JP 2004161719A JP 2004161719 A JP2004161719 A JP 2004161719A JP 2005345518 A JP2005345518 A JP 2005345518A
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optical waveguide
light
photocatalyst
clad
scatterer
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JP4319090B2 (en
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Karai Ga
嘉磊 賀
Mitsuru Uekatano
充 上片野
Yoshihiro Terada
佳弘 寺田
Kuniharu Himeno
邦治 姫野
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Fujikura Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a surface leakage light optical waveguide capable of reducing useless leakage from a lead part and, at the same time, satisfying demand for short and large-quantity leakage light, and to provide a photocatalytic module using the same. <P>SOLUTION: The surface leakage light optical waveguide is characterized in that it is provided with a core part 1 and a clad part 2 which is made of a material with a lower refractive index than that of the core part and which is installed in a manner surrounding the core part. Also, at least in the boundary between the core part and the clad part, the waveguide has a defect in which light propagated in the core part is scattered or radiated so as to make it leak from the surface of the clad part, wherein the density of the defect is different longitudinally. The photocatalytic module is characterized in that it is equipped with a photocatalyst carrying waveguide by which photocatalyst is carried on all or part of the outside of the clad part in the surface leakage light optical waveguide, a light source by which excitation light is made incident to the core part of the photo-catalyst carrying waveguide, and the main body of the device which has a processor for bringing a fluid to be processed in contact with the photocatalyst carrying waveguide. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、入射した光を所望部分のみから均一に漏光させる機能を持つ表面漏光光導波路とそれを用いた光触媒モジュールに関する。   The present invention relates to a surface leakage optical waveguide having a function of uniformly leaking incident light from only a desired portion, and a photocatalyst module using the same.

近年、光触媒反応による有機物、汚染物の分解に関する研究・応用が積極的に行われている。従来の光触媒を使用した光触媒モジュールは、担持体の表面に光触媒を担持し、外部の光源からの励起光の直接照射により光触媒反応を生じさせている。しかし、このような従来の光触媒モジュールは、光触媒の表面が、埃、その他の有機物・無機物などの汚染物に覆われると、光源からの光が光触媒層の表面に十分に到達することができなくなり、光触媒反応を起こすことができず、あるいは反応力不足を生じるなど、実用上問題がある。さらに、外部からの光照射の場合、光源から光触媒層の間に距離があって、出射した光量は乱射、散乱及び吸収などにより損失し、全部の出射光量を光触媒反応に利用することができず、効率が悪い問題がある。   In recent years, research and application on the decomposition of organic substances and pollutants by photocatalytic reactions have been actively conducted. In a conventional photocatalyst module using a photocatalyst, a photocatalyst is carried on the surface of a carrier, and a photocatalytic reaction is caused by direct irradiation of excitation light from an external light source. However, in such a conventional photocatalyst module, when the surface of the photocatalyst is covered with contaminants such as dust and other organic / inorganic substances, the light from the light source cannot sufficiently reach the surface of the photocatalyst layer. However, there are practical problems such as inability to cause a photocatalytic reaction or insufficient reactivity. Furthermore, in the case of external light irradiation, there is a distance between the light source and the photocatalyst layer, and the emitted light amount is lost due to scattering, scattering, absorption, etc., and the entire emitted light amount cannot be used for the photocatalytic reaction. There is a problem with inefficiency.

この問題を解決するため、漏光機能を持つ光ファイバなどの導波路に光触媒を担持した構造により、光を直接光触媒に照射することができる光触媒フィルタやモジュールが提案されている。例えば、光ファイバのコア部とクラッド部の界面に、クラッド部の材料の屈折率と異なる屈折率を持つ粒子を添加することによって、従来の光導波路の全反射伝搬条件を一部し、コア部の光を伝搬しながら、前記の添加物（以下「散乱体」と記す。）によって散乱や放射することとなり、光を徐々に導波路表面に散乱させることが可能な光導波路が提案されている。（特願２００４−１３６７６）   In order to solve this problem, a photocatalyst filter and a module capable of directly irradiating the photocatalyst with a structure in which the photocatalyst is supported on a waveguide such as an optical fiber having a light leakage function have been proposed. For example, by adding particles having a refractive index different from the refractive index of the material of the cladding part to the interface between the core part and the cladding part of the optical fiber, a part of the total reflection propagation condition of the conventional optical waveguide is obtained. An optical waveguide has been proposed that can scatter and radiate light onto the surface of the waveguide while being propagated and radiated by the above-mentioned additive (hereinafter referred to as “scatterer”). . (Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-13676)

図１は、クラッド部内の散乱体の濃度による光ファイバの長手方向の漏れ特性を示すグラフである。図１において、横軸は導波路（本例では光ファイバ）の長さ、縦軸は一定の入射光に対する漏光の割合である。図１に示したように、光ファイバの長手方向に、散乱体の濃度に従って必要長さで所望光量を漏らすように設計することができる。
図４は、光導波路の屈折率分布を示すグラフであり、この例示では屈折率の高いコア部１を囲んで屈折率の低いクラッド部２が設けられ、ステップ型の屈折率分布を有するコア部１内を光が伝搬するようになっている。
図５は、クラッド部２に一様な密度で散乱体３を添加した表面漏光光導波路の構造を示す図である。この従来の表面漏光光導波路は、コア部１と、それより屈折率の低い材料からなり、コア部１を囲むように設けられたクラッド部２と、クラッド部２に一様な濃度で添加された散乱体３とからなっている。コア部１に入射された光は、コア部１とクラッド部２との境界部にある散乱体３によってコア部１から散乱又は放射され、クラッド部２表面から漏光するようになっている。 FIG. 1 is a graph showing leakage characteristics in the longitudinal direction of an optical fiber depending on the concentration of scatterers in the cladding. In FIG. 1, the horizontal axis represents the length of the waveguide (in this example, an optical fiber), and the vertical axis represents the ratio of light leakage to constant incident light. As shown in FIG. 1, it can be designed to leak a desired amount of light at a required length according to the concentration of the scatterer in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the refractive index distribution of an optical waveguide. In this example, a core portion having a step-type refractive index distribution is provided with a cladding portion 2 having a low refractive index surrounding a core portion 1 having a high refractive index. The light propagates through the inside.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the structure of a surface leakage optical waveguide in which the scatterers 3 are added to the cladding portion 2 at a uniform density. This conventional surface light leakage optical waveguide is made of a core portion 1 and a material having a lower refractive index than the core portion 1. The clad portion 2 is provided so as to surround the core portion 1 and is added to the clad portion 2 at a uniform concentration. And scatterer 3. The light incident on the core part 1 is scattered or emitted from the core part 1 by the scatterer 3 at the boundary between the core part 1 and the cladding part 2 and leaks from the surface of the cladding part 2.

しかし、前述した光触媒モジュールを使用する場合、前記光導波路は、光源から光触媒反応を起こしたい場所まで距離があるときには、例えば水処理の場合では、光源が直接に水処理容器内、すなわち水の流路上に取り付けられないため、光源から容器までに導入部分（以下「リード部分」と記す。）が必要となり、その部分の漏光が無駄となり、効率が悪い。
光触媒モジュールが短尺で大光量の漏光が要求される場合には、図１より散乱体の濃度を高くすれば、この要求を満たすことができるが、リード部分が必要な場合には、高濃度の散乱体を添加した光導波路は、最初の部分（リード部分）にて入射光の殆どを漏光させてしまい（以下「無駄漏れ」と記す。）、光触媒機能を果たすことができなくなる。また、リード部分の漏れを少なくするためには、散乱体濃度を低くすれば良いが、短尺モジュールの場合には、漏光が少なく殆ど透過することになり、入射光を十分に利用することができない。すなわち、従来の光触媒モジュールは、光導波路のクラッド部分の散乱体濃度が一様な分布であるため、リード部分からの無駄漏れを減少することと、短尺・大光量漏光の要求を同時に満たすことが困難である。 However, when the above-described photocatalytic module is used, when the optical waveguide has a distance from the light source to a place where the photocatalytic reaction is desired to occur, for example, in the case of water treatment, the light source is directly in the water treatment container, that is, the flow of water. Since it cannot be mounted on the road, an introduction portion (hereinafter referred to as a “lead portion”) is required from the light source to the container, and light leakage at that portion is wasted, resulting in poor efficiency.
When the photocatalyst module is short and a large amount of light leakage is required, this requirement can be satisfied by increasing the concentration of the scatterer from FIG. 1, but when the lead portion is required, a high concentration is required. The optical waveguide to which the scatterer is added leaks most of the incident light at the first portion (lead portion) (hereinafter referred to as “waste leakage”), and cannot perform the photocatalytic function. Further, in order to reduce the leakage of the lead portion, the scatterer concentration may be lowered. However, in the case of a short module, there is little light leakage and almost all the light is transmitted, and the incident light cannot be sufficiently utilized. . That is, the conventional photocatalyst module has a uniform distribution of the scatterer concentration in the cladding portion of the optical waveguide, so that it is possible to reduce waste leakage from the lead portion and simultaneously meet the requirements for short length and large light leakage. Have difficulty.

また、図１から分かるように、前記散乱体を一様に分布した構造の光導波路の漏れ特性は、近似的に指数関数となっているため、図２に示すように、単位長さあたりの減衰率が均一であるが、漏光量においては、図３に示すように導波路の長手方向に従って徐々に減少している。図３において、縦軸は光導波路（本例では光ファイバ）の単位長あたりの、一定入射光に対する漏光の割合であって、本明細書中ではそれを「漏光線密度」と定義する。図３に示したように、光触媒を担持した導波路の前部は大量漏光しているのに対して、後部の漏光が少なく、全長に渡って反応能力が不均一である。   Further, as can be seen from FIG. 1, since the leakage characteristics of the optical waveguide having the structure in which the scatterers are uniformly distributed are approximately exponential functions, as shown in FIG. Although the attenuation factor is uniform, the amount of leakage light gradually decreases along the longitudinal direction of the waveguide as shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, the vertical axis represents the ratio of light leakage per unit length of the optical waveguide (optical fiber in this example) with respect to constant incident light, which is defined as “leakage light density” in this specification. As shown in FIG. 3, the front part of the waveguide carrying the photocatalyst leaks a large amount of light, whereas the light leakage at the rear part is small and the reaction capacity is not uniform over the entire length.

本発明は前記事情に鑑みてなされ、リード部分からの無駄漏れを減少することと、短尺・大光量漏光の要求を同時に満たすことができる表面漏光光導波路とそれを用いた光触媒モジュールの提供を目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a surface leakage light waveguide capable of reducing waste leakage from a lead portion and simultaneously satisfying the requirements of short length and large light leakage and a photocatalyst module using the same. And

前記目的を達成するため、本発明は、コア部と、該コア部よりも屈折率の低い材料からなり、該コア部を囲むように設けられたクラッド部とを備え、且つ少なくとも前記コア部とクラッド部との境界部に、コア部内を伝搬する光を散乱又は放射させてクラッド部の表面から漏光させる欠陥を備えてなり、前記欠陥の密度が長手方向に沿って異なっていることを特徴とする表面漏光光導波路を提供する。
本発明の表面漏光光導波路において、前記欠陥は、前記コア部とクラッド部との界面のクラッド部側に添加された、クラッド部をなす材料の屈折率と異なる屈折率を持つ粒子状の散乱体であることが好ましい。
本発明の表面漏光光導波路において、前記表面漏光光導波路がファイバ状、リボン状又はシート状であることが好ましい。
本発明の表面漏光光導波路において、前記散乱体は、クラッド部となる材料中に散乱体を分散させた被覆材料でコア部表面を被覆し、クラッド部の形成と同時に該クラッド部に添加されることが好ましい。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a core part and a clad part made of a material having a lower refractive index than the core part and provided to surround the core part, and at least the core part. It is characterized by comprising a defect that scatters or emits light propagating in the core part and leaks light from the surface of the cladding part at the boundary part with the cladding part, and the density of the defects is different along the longitudinal direction. A surface leakage optical waveguide is provided.
In the surface light leakage optical waveguide of the present invention, the defect is a particulate scatterer having a refractive index different from the refractive index of the material forming the cladding portion, which is added to the cladding portion side of the interface between the core portion and the cladding portion. It is preferable that
In the surface light leakage optical waveguide according to the present invention, it is preferable that the surface light leakage optical waveguide has a fiber shape, a ribbon shape, or a sheet shape.
In the surface light leakage optical waveguide of the present invention, the scatterer is coated on the surface of the core part with a coating material in which the scatterer is dispersed in the material to be the clad part, and added to the clad part simultaneously with the formation of the clad part. It is preferable.

また本発明は、前述した本発明に係る表面漏光光導波路のクラッド部外側の全面又は一部に光触媒が担持されてなる光触媒担持導波路と、該光触媒担持導波路のコア部に励起光を入射する光源と、被処理流体を前記光触媒担持導波路と接触させる処理部を有する装置本体とを備えたことを特徴とする光触媒モジュールを提供する。   The present invention also includes a photocatalyst-supported waveguide in which a photocatalyst is supported on the entire surface or a part of the outer surface of the cladding portion of the surface leakage optical waveguide according to the present invention, and excitation light is incident on the core portion of the photocatalyst-supported waveguide. There is provided a photocatalyst module comprising: a light source that performs processing; and an apparatus main body that includes a processing unit that brings a fluid to be processed into contact with the photocatalyst carrying waveguide.

本発明の表面漏光光導波路は、コア部内を伝搬する光を散乱又は放射させてクラッド部の表面から漏光させる欠陥の密度を長手方向に沿って変化させた構成としたので、前記欠陥の密度を光導波路の長手方向に従って、段階的に増大させることにより、無駄漏れがなるなり、コア部に入射した光を導波しながら徐々に、且つ均一にクラッド表面から漏光させることができる。
また本発明の光触媒モジュールは、前述した本発明に係る表面漏光光導波路のクラッド部外側の全面又は一部に光触媒が担持されてなる光触媒担持導波路を用いたものなので、無駄漏れがなく、光源からコア部に入射した光を損失なく直接光触媒層に照射でき、有機物など汚染物を効率よく分解できる。 The surface light leakage optical waveguide according to the present invention has a configuration in which the density of defects that cause light leakage from the surface of the clad portion by scattering or radiating light propagating in the core portion is changed along the longitudinal direction. By increasing in steps along the longitudinal direction of the optical waveguide, waste leakage occurs, and light incident on the core portion can be gradually and uniformly leaked from the cladding surface while being guided.
Further, the photocatalyst module of the present invention uses a photocatalyst-supported waveguide in which the photocatalyst is supported on the entire surface or part of the outer surface of the cladding portion of the surface leakage light waveguide according to the present invention, so that there is no wasteful leakage and the light source Thus, light incident on the core portion can be directly irradiated onto the photocatalyst layer without loss, and contaminants such as organic matter can be efficiently decomposed.

以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態を説明する。
図６及び図７は、本発明の表面漏光光導波路の一実施形態を示す図である。これらの図中、符号１はコア部、２はクラッド部、３は欠陥となる粒子である散乱体、４は表面漏光光導波路である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
6 and 7 are views showing an embodiment of the surface light leakage optical waveguide of the present invention. In these drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a core portion, 2 denotes a cladding portion, 3 denotes a scatterer which is a particle that becomes a defect, and 4 denotes a surface light-fusing optical waveguide.

本実施形態の表面漏光光導波路４は、コア部１と、コア部１よりも屈折率の低い材料からなり、コア部１を囲むように設けられたクラッド部２とを備え、且つ少なくともコア部１とクラッド部２との境界部に、コア部１内を伝搬する光を散乱又は放射させてクラッド部２の表面から漏光させる欠陥となる粒子状の散乱体３を備えてなり、前記散乱体３の密度が長手方向に沿って異なっていることを特徴としている。   The surface light leakage optical waveguide 4 of the present embodiment includes a core portion 1 and a clad portion 2 made of a material having a refractive index lower than that of the core portion 1 and provided so as to surround the core portion 1, and at least the core portion. 1 is provided with a particle-like scatterer 3 that becomes a defect that scatters or emits light propagating in the core part 1 and leaks light from the surface of the clad part 2 at the boundary part between the clad part 2 and the scatterer. The density of 3 is different along the longitudinal direction.

前記散乱体３は、表面漏光光導波路４の入射側から漏光させたい場所までのリード部分のクラッド部２には添加せず、このリード部分（散乱体濃度０質量％の部分）は漏光機能を持たない通常の光導波路と同様な構造である。そして、リード部分より後方側の光触媒反応させたい部分にだけ、クラッド部２となる材料中に散乱体３となる粒子を添加・分散し、コア部１を囲むようにしてクラッド部２を形成することにより、コア部１とクラッド部２との界面のクラッド部２側に散乱体３を添加する。   The scatterer 3 is not added to the cladding portion 2 of the lead portion from the incident side of the surface light leakage optical waveguide 4 to the place where light leakage is desired, and this lead portion (portion having a scatterer concentration of 0 mass%) has a light leakage function. It has the same structure as a normal optical waveguide that does not have. Then, by adding and dispersing particles that become the scatterer 3 in the material that becomes the cladding portion 2 only in the portion that is to be subjected to the photocatalytic reaction on the rear side from the lead portion, the cladding portion 2 is formed so as to surround the core portion 1. The scatterer 3 is added to the clad part 2 side of the interface between the core part 1 and the clad part 2.

本実施形態の表面漏光光導波路４は、散乱体３の密度（クラッド部中の散乱体の濃度）を長手方向に沿って変化させ、リード部分では漏光させず、リード部分の後方側の光触媒を反応させたい部分において、比較的均一に漏光させるため、光導波路の長手方向に散乱体３の濃度を段階的に増大させている。図６及び図７の例示では、リード部分（散乱体濃度０質量％）のすぐ後方側では、散乱体３を比較的低い濃度でクラッド部２に添加した領域（散乱体濃度ａ質量％）とし、その後方側にａよりも高い濃度ｂなる濃度で散乱体３をクラッド部２に添加した領域（散乱体濃度ａ質量％；ただし、ａ＜ｂ）を形成している。なお、本発明は、係る例示に限定されず、導波路の長手方向に沿って散乱体３の濃度を３段階以上で変化させることもできる。   The surface light leakage optical waveguide 4 of the present embodiment changes the density of the scatterers 3 (the concentration of the scatterers in the clad portion) along the longitudinal direction, does not leak light in the lead portion, and allows the photocatalyst on the rear side of the lead portion to The concentration of the scatterer 3 is increased stepwise in the longitudinal direction of the optical waveguide in order to cause light to leak relatively uniformly at the part to be reacted. In the illustration of FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, a region (scatterer concentration a mass%) in which the scatterer 3 is added to the cladding portion 2 at a relatively low concentration is provided immediately behind the lead portion (scatterer concentration 0 mass%). A region where the scatterer 3 is added to the clad portion 2 at a concentration b higher than a is formed on the rear side (scatterer concentration a mass%; where a <b). In addition, this invention is not limited to the illustration which concerns, The density | concentration of the scatterer 3 can also be changed in 3 steps or more along the longitudinal direction of a waveguide.

本実施形態の表面漏光光導波路４の形状は限定されず、ファイバ形状はもちろん、リボン状、シート状でも同様な漏光特性を持たせることができる。   The shape of the surface light leakage optical waveguide 4 of the present embodiment is not limited, and the same light leakage characteristic can be imparted not only in the fiber shape but also in the ribbon shape and the sheet shape.

次に、本実施形態の表面漏光光導波路４の特徴について詳細を説明する。
（１）前述したように、長手方向に散乱体３が一様に分布した光導波路を用いた光触媒モジュールは、リード部分が必要な時には、無駄漏れ問題が生じる。しかし、本発明で用いる表面漏光光導波路４は、光導波路の入射側から反応させたい場所までのクラッド部には散乱体の添加がなく、従来の導波路と同様な構造である。すなわち、リード部分はコア部１と、該コア部１よりも屈折率の低い材料からなり、該コア部１を囲むようにしてクラッド部２を備えた光導波路である。従って、本光導波路４を用いる光触媒モジュールは、入射光源から、光触媒反応をさせたい場所までの部分は、光漏れることがなく、入射光のほぼ１００％を伝搬させることができ、無駄漏れを避けることができる。 Next, details of the features of the surface light leakage optical waveguide 4 of the present embodiment will be described.
(1) As described above, the photocatalyst module using the optical waveguide in which the scatterers 3 are uniformly distributed in the longitudinal direction has a waste leakage problem when a lead portion is necessary. However, the surface light leakage optical waveguide 4 used in the present invention has a structure similar to that of a conventional waveguide without adding a scatterer to the clad portion from the incident side of the optical waveguide to the place where reaction is desired. That is, the lead portion is an optical waveguide made of a core portion 1 and a material having a refractive index lower than that of the core portion 1 and including the cladding portion 2 so as to surround the core portion 1. Therefore, the photocatalyst module using the present optical waveguide 4 can propagate almost 100% of incident light without leaking light from the incident light source to the place where the photocatalytic reaction is desired, and avoid wasteful leakage. be able to.

前記コア部１をなす材料としては、コア部内を伝搬する光の波長域に吸収を持たない材料が望ましく、例えば、石英ガラスや、ポリメチルメタクリレート、フッ素系樹脂などの合成樹脂などが用いられる。
上記クラッド部をなす材料としては、上記のコア部をなす材料の屈折率より低く、且つ漏れ光の波長域に吸収を持たない材料が望ましく、例えば、ポリメチルメタクリレート、フッ素系樹脂などの合成樹脂などが用いられる。また、クラッド部をなす材料は溶液状態であれば、コア部の外側にコートすることだけで簡単に導波路を作製できるため、前記の材料の中でも、有機溶媒に溶解できる合成フッ素系樹脂がより望ましい。 The material forming the core portion 1 is preferably a material that does not absorb light in the wavelength range of light propagating in the core portion. For example, quartz glass, synthetic resin such as polymethyl methacrylate, fluorine resin, or the like is used.
The material forming the cladding is preferably a material having a refractive index lower than that of the material forming the core and having no absorption in the wavelength range of leakage light. For example, a synthetic resin such as polymethyl methacrylate or fluorine resin. Etc. are used. In addition, if the material forming the clad portion is in a solution state, a waveguide can be easily produced simply by coating the outside of the core portion. Among these materials, synthetic fluorine-based resins that can be dissolved in an organic solvent are more suitable. desirable.

（２）リード部分より後方側の、光触媒反応させたい部分では、前記光導波路のコア部１とクラッド部２との界面に散乱体３を添加することにより、光を導波しながら徐々に、且つ均一に外側に漏光させる。 (2) In a portion on the rear side of the lead portion where the photocatalytic reaction is desired, by adding a scatterer 3 to the interface between the core portion 1 and the clad portion 2 of the optical waveguide, while gradually guiding light, In addition, the light is uniformly leaked to the outside.

まず、散乱体３による漏光のメカニズムを以下に説明する。
通常の光導波路、例えば屈折率の高いコア部１と屈折率の低いクラッド部２からなる光ファイバの場合には、図４に示したように、光はコア部１内に閉じ込められ、全反射しながら伝搬（導波）され、光導波路の前方に進む。しかし、光導波路のコア部１とクラッド部２の界面に散乱体３を添加することにより、光導波路の全反射条件が一部破壊され、そのため光を伝搬しながら、散乱や放射させることにより、光を徐々にクラッド表面から漏光させることができる（図５、図６参照。）。 First, the mechanism of light leakage by the scatterer 3 will be described below.
In the case of an ordinary optical waveguide, for example, an optical fiber comprising a core portion 1 having a high refractive index and a cladding portion 2 having a low refractive index, the light is confined in the core portion 1 and totally reflected as shown in FIG. While propagating (waveguide), it proceeds to the front of the optical waveguide. However, by adding the scatterer 3 to the interface between the core portion 1 and the clad portion 2 of the optical waveguide, the total reflection condition of the optical waveguide is partially broken, so that light can be scattered and radiated while propagating, Light can be gradually leaked from the cladding surface (see FIGS. 5 and 6).

前記光導波路を光触媒モジュールとして使用する場合、前記散乱体３としては、励起光として用いる紫外帯域の光を吸収しないもの（たとえばＳｉＯ２、シリコン樹脂、アクリル樹脂）はもちろん、場合によって、実際の漏光させたい波長帯すなわち光触媒反応発生波長帯にて吸収がないものであれば良い。例えば、可視光型光触媒を使用すれば、紫外領域に吸収があっても、可視光を透過できれば良い。 When the optical waveguide is used as a photocatalyst module, the scatterer 3 may not be one that absorbs light in the ultraviolet band used as excitation light (for example, SiO 2 , silicon resin, acrylic resin), but may actually leak light depending on the case. Any material that does not absorb in the desired wavelength band, that is, the photocatalytic reaction generation wavelength band may be used. For example, if a visible light type photocatalyst is used, it is only necessary that visible light can be transmitted even if there is absorption in the ultraviolet region.

前記散乱体３の添加方法としては、コア部１の屈折率より低い屈折率を持ったクラッド部２となる樹脂材料を用意し、この樹脂材料を有機溶媒に溶解した後、欠陥となる散乱体３を所定濃度でその溶液中に添加し、分散する。その後、コア部１の外側に溶液を被覆・コートすれば良い。   As a method of adding the scatterer 3, a resin material that becomes the cladding portion 2 having a refractive index lower than that of the core portion 1 is prepared, and after the resin material is dissolved in an organic solvent, a scatterer that becomes a defect. 3 is added to the solution at a predetermined concentration and dispersed. Thereafter, the solution may be coated and coated on the outside of the core portion 1.

（３）前記の散乱体３の濃度を一様に分布させた表面漏光光導波路における長手方向の漏光量が不均一となる問題を解消するため、本発明は、漏光させたい部分において、光導波路の長手方向に、クラッド部２中に添加する散乱体３の濃度を段階的に増大させている。これにより、前記表面漏光光導波路４の長手方向に従って漏光率が増大し、漏光量が長手方向に沿って比較的均一になる。図７は本発明の表面漏光光導波路４の構造を示し、一例として、図８中のＣに本発明の表面漏光光導波路４の導波路の漏れ特性を示す。図８中のＣのグラフに一例を示す通り、本発明の表面漏光光導波路４では、リード部分における漏光は殆ど無く、リード部分より後方側では比較的均一な漏光が得られる。 (3) In order to solve the problem that the amount of light leakage in the longitudinal direction is not uniform in the surface light leakage optical waveguide in which the concentration of the scatterers 3 is uniformly distributed, the present invention In the longitudinal direction, the concentration of the scatterer 3 added to the cladding portion 2 is increased stepwise. Thereby, the light leakage rate increases along the longitudinal direction of the surface light leakage optical waveguide 4, and the amount of light leakage becomes relatively uniform along the longitudinal direction. FIG. 7 shows the structure of the surface light leakage optical waveguide 4 of the present invention. As an example, FIG. 8C shows the leakage characteristics of the waveguide of the surface light leakage optical waveguide 4 of the present invention. As shown in the graph of C in FIG. 8, in the surface light leakage optical waveguide 4 of the present invention, there is almost no light leakage at the lead portion, and relatively uniform light leakage is obtained on the rear side of the lead portion.

図８中のＣの光導波路はファイバ形状である。そのファイバの製造方法の一例を以下に述べる。
まず、紫外透過型のフッ素系樹脂（屈折率１．３７）を有機溶媒（アセトン）で溶解した後、その溶液を３等分した。その後、これらの樹脂溶液の２つに対し、紫外透過型のアクリル系散乱体（平均粒径３μｍ、屈折率約１．４６）を所定濃度（ａ、ｂ質量％、ａ＜ｂ）で添加し、撹拌して分散させた。その後、市販のアクリルロッド（φ２ｍｍ、長さ１．５ｍ）をコアとし、ディップコート法でｂ質量％（片側から０〜５０ｃｍ）、ａ質量％（前記片側から０〜１００ｃｍ）、０質量％（全長０〜１５０ｃｍ）の溶液を順番に塗布し、乾燥させてクラッド部を形成した。 The optical waveguide C in FIG. 8 has a fiber shape. An example of the fiber manufacturing method will be described below.
First, an ultraviolet transmitting fluororesin (refractive index: 1.37) was dissolved in an organic solvent (acetone), and the solution was divided into three equal parts. Thereafter, an ultraviolet transmission acrylic scatterer (average particle size of 3 μm, refractive index of about 1.46) is added to two of these resin solutions at a predetermined concentration (a, b mass%, a <b). , Stirred to disperse. Thereafter, a commercially available acrylic rod (φ2 mm, length 1.5 m) is used as a core, and b mass% (0 to 50 cm from one side), a mass% (0 to 100 cm from the one side), 0 mass% (by the dip coating method) A solution having a total length of 0 to 150 cm) was applied in order and dried to form a clad portion.

得られたファイバのリード部分（散乱体０質量％）を入射側として、紫外光源（水銀−キセノンランプ）から励起光をコア部に入射し、長手方向の伝送損失をカットバック法で測定した。前記ファイバの入射側から０〜５０ｃｍの部分は散乱体を添加していないリード部分であるため、通常の漏光機能を持たないファイバと同様に、入射光が殆ど損失無く伝搬されている。   With the lead portion of the obtained fiber (scattering body 0 mass%) as the incident side, excitation light was incident on the core from an ultraviolet light source (mercury-xenon lamp), and the transmission loss in the longitudinal direction was measured by the cutback method. Since the portion of 0 to 50 cm from the incident side of the fiber is a lead portion to which no scatterer is added, the incident light propagates almost without loss as in the case of a fiber having no normal light leakage function.

一方、入射側から５０〜１００ｃｍのリード部分より後方側は、コア部１とクラッド部２の界面に、ａ質量％の散乱体３を添加しているため、光が伝搬されながら散乱体３による欠陥で一部の光が散乱または放射され、クラッド部２表面に漏れてくる。その時、前記ａ質量％の散乱体３を含有するクラッド部２の外側にさらに１層の散乱体を含まない（散乱体０質量％）クラッド部を設けているが、前記散乱体による漏光のメカニズムで説明した通り、この表面漏光光導波路４はコア部１とクラッド部２の界面の散乱体３によってのみ漏光機能を有し、前記の外側の散乱体０質量％のクラッド部は実質的に機能しない。   On the other hand, since a mass% of the scatterer 3 is added to the interface between the core part 1 and the clad part 2 on the rear side from the lead part of 50 to 100 cm from the incident side, the light is propagated by the scatterer 3. A part of the light is scattered or emitted by the defect and leaks to the surface of the cladding part 2. At that time, a clad portion not including one layer of scatterer (0% by weight of scatterer) is further provided outside the clad portion 2 containing the scatterer 3 of a mass%. The mechanism of light leakage by the scatterer is provided. As described above, the surface light leakage optical waveguide 4 has a light leakage function only by the scatterer 3 at the interface between the core part 1 and the clad part 2, and the outer scatterer 0 mass% clad part substantially functions. do not do.

同様に、入射側から１００〜１５０ｃｍの部分は、コア部１とクラッド部１の界面には、ｂ質量％（ａ＜ｂ）の散乱体を添加したクラッド部が形成されており、その外側にはさらに散乱体ａ質量％のクラッド部と散乱体を含まないクラッド部があるが、これら２層のクラッド部は光導波路の漏光特性には影響しない。   Similarly, in the portion of 100 to 150 cm from the incident side, a clad portion to which a scatterer of b mass% (a <b) is added is formed at the interface between the core portion 1 and the clad portion 1, and on the outer side thereof. Further, there are a clad portion of scatterer a mass% and a clad portion not containing a scatterer, but these two clad portions do not affect the light leakage characteristics of the optical waveguide.

図８において、横軸は導波路（本例では光ファイバ）の長さ、縦軸は一定の入射光に対する漏光の割合である。本例示（図８中のＣ）の表面漏光光導波路は、最初のリード部分には散乱体が添加されていないため漏れがなく、光が伝搬されている。その後、漏光させたい場所での漏光特性は近似直線的となり、比較的均一に漏光されていることが分かる。   In FIG. 8, the horizontal axis represents the length of the waveguide (in this example, an optical fiber), and the vertical axis represents the ratio of light leakage to constant incident light. In the surface leakage optical waveguide of the present example (C in FIG. 8), no light is leaked and light is propagated because no scatterer is added to the first lead portion. Thereafter, the light leakage characteristic at the place where light leakage is desired becomes approximately linear, and it can be seen that light is leaked relatively uniformly.

（４）前記表面漏光光導波路をファイバ形状、リボン状又はシート状とすることにより、光触媒を担持して反応させたい場所や、形状に応じて、光導波路の大きさ及び形状を変えることができる。
前記表面漏光光導波路をファイバ形状とし、コア部１を石英ガラスで作製する場合には、通常ＶＡＤ法で得られた石英ガラス母材を用い、通常の紡糸装置、通常の紡糸工程を用いて作製できる。まず、石英ガラス母材を焼結炉で溶融状態とし、下端から線引きして紡糸のパスラインを通して、ボビンまで巻き取る。その間に、被覆装置があり、従来、そこで保護用樹脂を被覆するが、この漏光ファイバを作製するために、被覆装置内に、有機溶媒に溶解した紫外透過型のフッ素系樹脂（屈折率約１．３７）を入れ、線引きしながらコア部の外周にクラッド部を被覆する。その後、架橋筒を通し、加熱、乾燥させれば、従来の導波路と同じ構造を持つ漏光しない光ファイバが得られる。そのファイバに漏光機能を寄与するためには、以下の処理を行う。
前記ファイバを一定の長さで切断し、漏光させたい部分だけ有機溶媒に浸漬して紡糸時コートされたクラッド部を再度溶解し、裸線化にする。その後、裸線化された部分を所望漏光量に応じて、前記紡糸時に使用したフッ素系樹脂溶液中に一定濃度で散乱体を分散した溶液中に入れ、ディップコート法によって再度散乱体が添加されているクラッド部を形成（リコート）すれば良い。 (4) By making the surface leaking optical waveguide into a fiber shape, ribbon shape or sheet shape, the size and shape of the optical waveguide can be changed according to the place and shape where the photocatalyst is supported and reacted. .
When the surface light leakage optical waveguide is made into a fiber shape and the core portion 1 is made of quartz glass, a quartz glass base material usually obtained by the VAD method is used, and it is made using a normal spinning device and a normal spinning process. it can. First, a quartz glass base material is melted in a sintering furnace, drawn from the lower end, and wound up to a bobbin through a spinning pass line. In the meantime, there is a coating apparatus, and conventionally, a protective resin is coated there. In order to produce this light leakage fiber, an ultraviolet transmission type fluorine resin (refractive index of about 1) dissolved in an organic solvent is provided in the coating apparatus. 37) and covering the outer periphery of the core while drawing the wire. Then, if it passes through a bridge tube and is heated and dried, an optical fiber having the same structure as a conventional waveguide and having no light leakage can be obtained. In order to contribute the light leakage function to the fiber, the following processing is performed.
The fiber is cut to a certain length, and only the portion where light is to be leaked is immersed in an organic solvent, and the clad portion coated at the time of spinning is dissolved again to make a bare wire. Then, in accordance with the desired amount of light leakage, the bare part is put into a solution in which the scatterer is dispersed at a constant concentration in the fluororesin solution used at the time of spinning, and the scatterer is added again by the dip coating method. It is only necessary to form (recoat) the clad portion.

また、コア部をアクリルリボンとし、リボン状またはシート状の表面漏光光導波路を製造する場合には、市販の紫外透過型のアクリルリボンを用意し、また、所定濃度で散乱体を分散させたフッ素系樹脂溶液中で、前記のアクリルロッドと同様に、ディップコート法でクラッド部を形成すれば良い。
また、シート状の表面漏光光導波路を製造する場合にも、リボンと同様方法で製造できる。 In addition, when manufacturing a ribbon-shaped or sheet-shaped surface leakage optical waveguide with an acrylic ribbon as the core, a commercially available ultraviolet transmission type acrylic ribbon is prepared, and fluorine with dispersed scatterers at a predetermined concentration is prepared. The clad portion may be formed by dip coating in the resin resin solution in the same manner as the acrylic rod.
Moreover, when manufacturing a sheet-like surface light leakage optical waveguide, it can be manufactured by the same method as the ribbon.

本実施形態の表面漏光光導波路４は、コア部１内を伝搬する光を散乱又は放射させてクラッド部２の表面から漏光させる散乱体３の密度を長手方向に沿って変化させた構成としたので、前記散乱体３の密度を光導波路の長手方向に従って、段階的に増大させることにより、コア部１に入射した光を導波しながら徐々に、且つ均一にクラッド表面２から漏光させることができる。   The surface light leakage optical waveguide 4 of the present embodiment has a configuration in which the density of the scatterer 3 that scatters or radiates light propagating in the core portion 1 and leaks light from the surface of the cladding portion 2 is changed along the longitudinal direction. Therefore, by gradually increasing the density of the scatterers 3 in the longitudinal direction of the optical waveguide, light incident on the core portion 1 can be gradually and uniformly leaked from the cladding surface 2 while being guided. it can.

次に、本発明に係る光触媒モジュールの実施形態を説明する。
図１２は、本発明の光触媒モジュールの一実施形態を示す図であり、図１２（ａ）は光触媒モジュールの側面断面図、（ｂ）は処理部であるパイプ部分の断面図である。図１２中、符号１０は光触媒モジュール、１１は光触媒担持ファイバ、１２はＵＶ光源、１３はファイババンドル、１４は可撓性外管、１５はメッシュ、１６は電源、１７は入口側キャップ、１８は入口、１９はパイプ、２０は出口側キャップ、２１は出口、２２は被処理液である。 Next, an embodiment of the photocatalyst module according to the present invention will be described.
FIG. 12 is a view showing an embodiment of the photocatalyst module of the present invention, FIG. 12 (a) is a side cross-sectional view of the photocatalyst module, and FIG. 12 (b) is a cross-sectional view of a pipe portion that is a processing section. In FIG. 12, 10 is a photocatalyst module, 11 is a photocatalyst carrying fiber, 12 is a UV light source, 13 is a fiber bundle, 14 is a flexible outer tube, 15 is a mesh, 16 is a power source, 17 is an inlet side cap, and 18 is An inlet, 19 is a pipe, 20 is an outlet side cap, 21 is an outlet, and 22 is a liquid to be treated.

この光触媒モジュール１０は、前述した表面漏光光導波路のクラッド部外側の全面又は一部に光触媒が担持されてなる光触媒担持ファイバ１１と、該光触媒担持ファイバ１１のコア部に励起光を入射するＵＶ光源１２と、被処理流体２２を光触媒担持ファイバ１１と接触させる処理部となるパイプ１９を有する装置本体とを備えた構成になっている。   This photocatalyst module 10 includes a photocatalyst carrying fiber 11 in which a photocatalyst is carried on the entire surface or a part of the outer surface of the surface leakage optical waveguide, and a UV light source that makes excitation light incident on the core of the photocatalyst carrying fiber 11. 12 and an apparatus main body having a pipe 19 serving as a processing section for bringing the fluid 22 to be treated into contact with the photocatalyst-supporting fiber 11.

この光触媒担持ファイバ１１に担持する光触媒としては、酸化チタン（ＴｉＯ２）、酸化タンタル、酸化スズ、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化ニオブ、酸化バナジウム、チタン酸バリウム（ＢａＴｉ４Ｏ９）、チタン酸ストロンチウム（ＳｒＴｉＯ３）、チタン酸ナトリウム（Ｎａ２Ｔｉ６Ｏ１３）、二酸化ジルコニウム、硫化カドミウム、α−Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、酸化亜鉛（ＺｎＯ）などが挙げられ、この中でも酸化チタンが好ましい。酸化チタンからなる光触媒を塗布する場合、酸化チタン微粒子を含む市販の光触媒コーティング液を用いることができ、膜厚やコーティング回数などは所定の条件にしたがって形成すればよい。 Examples of the photocatalyst carried on the photocatalyst carrying fiber 11 include titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), tantalum oxide, tin oxide, zirconium oxide, niobium oxide, vanadium oxide, barium titanate (BaTi 4 O 9 ), strontium titanate (SrTiO 3). ), Sodium titanate (Na 2 Ti 6 O 13 ), zirconium dioxide, cadmium sulfide, α-Fe 2 O 3 , zinc oxide (ZnO), and the like. Among these, titanium oxide is preferable. In the case of applying a photocatalyst made of titanium oxide, a commercially available photocatalyst coating liquid containing titanium oxide fine particles can be used, and the film thickness, the number of coatings, and the like may be formed in accordance with predetermined conditions.

前記ＵＶ光源１２としては、前記光触媒を励起可能な光を出力できればよく、特に限定されない。光触媒が紫外線（ＵＶ）励起の場合には、水銀−キセノンランプなどのＵＶ光源が用いられる。このＵＶ光源１２には電源１６が接続されている。
多数本の光触媒担持ファイバ１１のリード部分は、束ねてファイババンドル１３とし、可撓性外管１４内に収容してある。
多数本の光触媒担持ファイバ１１のリード部分よりも後方側は、一定間隔毎にメッシュ１５に固定し、該メッシュ１５を巻回し、処理部となるパイプ１９内に収容されている。メッシュ１５の一端側には、巻回を容易にするための芯材を設けることが好ましい。 The UV light source 12 is not particularly limited as long as it can output light capable of exciting the photocatalyst. When the photocatalyst is excited by ultraviolet rays (UV), a UV light source such as a mercury-xenon lamp is used. A power source 16 is connected to the UV light source 12.
The lead portions of a large number of photocatalyst-carrying fibers 11 are bundled into a fiber bundle 13 and accommodated in a flexible outer tube 14.
The rear side of the lead portions of the multiple photocatalyst-carrying fibers 11 is fixed to the mesh 15 at regular intervals, wound around the mesh 15, and accommodated in a pipe 19 serving as a processing unit. It is preferable to provide a core material for facilitating winding on one end side of the mesh 15.

前記装置本体は、多数本の光触媒担持ファイバ１１を一定間隔毎にメッシュ１５に固定し、該メッシュ１５を巻回した処理部を収納するパイプ１９と、その一端に取り付けられた被処理流体２２の入口１８を有する入口側キャップ１７と、パイプ１９の他端に取り付けられた流体の出口２１を有する出口側キャップ２０とを備えている。また装置本体には、図示しないが、被処理流体２２を入口１８からパイプ１９内に導入し、出口２１から排出するポンプ等の流体搬送手段を設けることもできる。   The apparatus main body has a large number of photocatalyst-supporting fibers 11 fixed to a mesh 15 at regular intervals, a pipe 19 that houses a processing unit wound with the mesh 15, and a fluid 22 to be processed attached to one end thereof. An inlet-side cap 17 having an inlet 18 and an outlet-side cap 20 having a fluid outlet 21 attached to the other end of the pipe 19 are provided. Although not shown, the apparatus main body may be provided with fluid conveying means such as a pump for introducing the fluid 22 to be processed into the pipe 19 from the inlet 18 and discharging it from the outlet 21.

この光触媒モジュール１０は、ＵＶ光源１２から出力した光を多数本の光触媒担持ファイバ１１に入射し、入口１８から液体や気体の被処理流体２２をパイプ１９内に導入することによって、被処理流体２２が入口２８から出口２１に向けて流れる間に、光触媒担持ファイバ１１表面に担持された光触媒と接触し、被処理流体２２に含まれる汚染物などが分解される。   In this photocatalyst module 10, the light output from the UV light source 12 is incident on a large number of photocatalyst-supporting fibers 11, and a liquid or gas to-be-processed fluid 22 is introduced into the pipe 19 from the inlet 18, whereby While flowing from the inlet 28 toward the outlet 21, it comes into contact with the photocatalyst carried on the surface of the photocatalyst carrying fiber 11, and the contaminants contained in the fluid to be treated 22 are decomposed.

本実施形態の光触媒モジュール１０は、前述した表面漏光光導波路４のクラッド部２外側の全面又は一部に光触媒が担持されてなる光触媒担持ファイバ１１を用いたものなので、ＵＶ光源１２からコア部１に入射した光を損失なく直接光触媒層に照射でき、有機物など汚染物を効率よく分解できる。   The photocatalyst module 10 of the present embodiment uses the photocatalyst carrying fiber 11 in which the photocatalyst is carried on the entire surface or a part of the outer surface of the cladding part 2 of the surface light leakage optical waveguide 4 described above. It is possible to directly irradiate the photocatalyst layer with no light incident on the photocatalyst and to efficiently decompose contaminants such as organic matter.

［実施例１］
本実施例の光導波路は、ファイバ形状であって、リード部分は５０ｃｍ、漏光させたい部分１ｍ、入射光の約７０％を漏光させるように設計した。
純粋石英ガラスをコア材とし、紡糸線引き装置を用い、コア石英母材を焼結炉で溶融状態とし、下端から線引きして紡糸のパスラインを通して、ボビンで巻き取った。焼結炉とパスラインの間に設けられた被覆装置内に、紫外透過型のフッ素系樹脂（屈折率約１．３７）を有機溶媒に溶かしたフッ素系樹脂溶液を入れ、線引きしながらコア部の外周にクラッド部を被覆した。その後、架橋筒を通して、加熱、乾燥させ、コア径２００μｍ、クラッド径２５０μｍのファイバを得た。
得られたファイバから１．５ｍの条長で２本を切断し、下記の作製方法でサンプルＡとサンプルＢを作製した。 [Example 1]
The optical waveguide of this example was fiber-shaped, the lead portion was 50 cm, the portion 1 m to be leaked, and about 70% of incident light were designed to leak.
Pure quartz glass was used as a core material, and a spinning wire drawing device was used. The core quartz base material was melted in a sintering furnace, drawn from the lower end, and wound on a bobbin through a spinning pass line. In a coating apparatus provided between the sintering furnace and the pass line, a fluororesin solution in which an ultraviolet transmission type fluororesin (refractive index of about 1.37) is dissolved in an organic solvent is placed, and the core portion is drawn while drawing. The clad part was covered on the outer periphery. Thereafter, the fiber was heated and dried through a bridging cylinder to obtain a fiber having a core diameter of 200 μm and a cladding diameter of 250 μm.
Two pieces were cut from the obtained fiber with a length of 1.5 m, and Sample A and Sample B were produced by the following production method.

（サンプルＡ）：１．５ｍのファイバの片側１ｍをアセトン中に３０分浸漬し、紡糸時被覆されたフッ素系樹脂を溶解させ、その部分を裸にした。次に、裸線の先端から５０ｃｍまでを、前記フッ素系樹脂溶液に散乱体を均一に分散させた溶液（散乱体はフッ素系樹脂に対し５質量％）に浸漬し、ディップコート法でクラッドをリコートした。次に、最初に裸線にした全長１ｍの部分を、前記フッ素系樹脂溶液に散乱体を均一に分散させた溶液（散乱体はフッ素系樹脂に対し２質量％）に浸漬し、ディップコート法でクラッドをリコートした。散乱体としては、平均粒径３μｍ、屈折率１．４６のアクリル樹脂粒子であり、以下の実施例も同じものを用いた。 (Sample A): 1 m of one side of a 1.5 m fiber was immersed in acetone for 30 minutes to dissolve the fluorine-based resin coated during spinning, and the portion was bare. Next, 50 cm from the tip of the bare wire is immersed in a solution in which a scatterer is uniformly dispersed in the fluororesin solution (the scatterer is 5% by mass with respect to the fluororesin), and the cladding is coated by a dip coating method. Recoated. Next, the portion of the total length of 1 m that was initially bare was dipped in a solution in which the scatterer was uniformly dispersed in the fluororesin solution (the scatterer was 2% by mass with respect to the fluororesin), and was subjected to dip coating. The clad was recoated. As the scatterer, acrylic resin particles having an average particle diameter of 3 μm and a refractive index of 1.46 were used, and the same examples were used in the following examples.

（サンプルＢ）：１．５ｍのファイバ全長をアセトン中に３０分浸漬し、紡糸時被覆されたフッ素系樹脂を溶解させ、全長を裸にした。次に、前記フッ素系樹脂溶液に（散乱体はフッ素系樹脂に対し５質量％）浸漬し、ディップコート法で、全長にクラッドをリコートした。 (Sample B): The entire length of 1.5 m fiber was immersed in acetone for 30 minutes to dissolve the fluorine-based resin coated during spinning, and the entire length was made bare. Next, it was immersed in the fluororesin solution (scatterer was 5% by mass with respect to the fluororesin), and the clad was recoated on the entire length by dip coating.

得られたサンプルＡ，Ｂにそれぞれ紫外光源（水銀−キセノンランプ）から紫外光を入射し、伝送損失をカットバック法で測定した。測定結果を図８に示す（図８中、Ａ，Ｂのグラフ参照）。同様に１．５ｍの長さで、５０ｃｍをリード部分として使用し、残りの１ｍを漏光部分とした時、入射側に散乱体が無く、且つ長手方向に段階的に散乱体の濃度を増大したサンプルは、リード部に無駄漏れがなく、漏光させたい部分で入射光の約７０％を漏光することができ、しかも漏光の殆どが利用され、効率的であった。それに対して、散乱体が一様に分布しているサンプルは、１．５ｍの全長で入射光の約９０％を漏光できるが、最初の５０ｃｍで入射光の約５０％以上を漏光させてしまい、結果的に入射光量の約半分しか利用されていないことが分かる。   The obtained samples A and B were each irradiated with ultraviolet light from an ultraviolet light source (mercury-xenon lamp), and the transmission loss was measured by a cut-back method. The measurement results are shown in FIG. 8 (see the graphs A and B in FIG. 8). Similarly, when the length is 1.5 m, 50 cm is used as the lead portion, and the remaining 1 m is used as the light leakage portion, there is no scatterer on the incident side, and the concentration of the scatterer is increased stepwise in the longitudinal direction. The sample has no wasteful leakage at the lead portion, and can leak about 70% of incident light at the portion where light leakage is desired, and most of the light leakage is utilized and is efficient. On the other hand, a sample with uniformly distributed scatterers can leak about 90% of incident light over the entire length of 1.5 m, but leaks about 50% or more of incident light in the first 50 cm. As a result, it is understood that only about half of the incident light amount is used.

また、図８に示したように、サンプルＡ，Ｂの漏光部分の漏光は、散乱体を一様に分布させたサンプルＢよりも長手方向に散乱体濃度を変えたＡの方が直線性が良くなり、長手方向の漏光線密度の差が小さく、長手方向に沿って比較的均一であることがわかる。前記光導波路Ａ，Ｂの長手方向の漏光線密度（＝単位長さで、一定入射光量に対する漏光の割合）の比較を図９に示す。   Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the light leakage of the light leakage portions of the samples A and B is more linear in the case of A in which the scatterer concentration is changed in the longitudinal direction than in the sample B in which the scatterers are uniformly distributed. It can be seen that the difference in the leakage light density in the longitudinal direction is small and relatively uniform along the longitudinal direction. FIG. 9 shows a comparison of the leakage light density in the longitudinal direction of the optical waveguides A and B (= percentage of leakage light with respect to a constant incident light amount in unit length).

［実施例２］
本実施例の光導波路は、プラスチックファイバであって、リード部分は５０ｃｍ、漏光させたい部分１ｍとなるように設計した。
市販の紫外透過型のアクリルロッド（φ２ｍｍ、長さ１．５ｍ、屈折率１．４９）を２本用意し、下記の作製方法でサンプルＣとサンプルＤを作製した。 [Example 2]
The optical waveguide of this example was a plastic fiber, and the lead portion was designed to be 50 cm and the portion to be leaked 1 m.
Two commercially available ultraviolet transmissive acrylic rods (φ2 mm, length 1.5 m, refractive index 1.49) were prepared, and Sample C and Sample D were manufactured by the following manufacturing method.

（サンプルＣ）：長さ１．５ｍアクリルロッドの片側の５０ｃｍを、前記フッ素系樹脂溶液に散乱体を均一に分散させた溶液（散乱体はフッ素系樹脂に対し５質量％）に浸漬し、ディップコート法でクラッドを形成した。さらに、その上の５０ｃｍ部分もあわせて全長１ｍを、前記フッ素系樹脂溶液に散乱体を均一に分散させた溶液（散乱体はフッ素系樹脂に対し２質量％）に浸漬し、ディップコート法でクラッドを形成した。その後、全長１．５ｍを散乱体を添加していない前記フッ素系樹脂溶液に浸漬し、ディップコート法でクラッドを形成した。 (Sample C): 50 cm on one side of a 1.5-m long acrylic rod was immersed in a solution in which a scatterer was uniformly dispersed in the fluororesin solution (the scatterer was 5% by mass with respect to the fluororesin). A clad was formed by dip coating. Furthermore, the total length of 1 cm including the 50 cm portion above is immersed in a solution in which the scatterer is uniformly dispersed in the fluororesin solution (the scatterer is 2% by mass with respect to the fluororesin), and the dip coating method is used. A clad was formed. Thereafter, a total length of 1.5 m was dipped in the fluororesin solution to which no scatterer was added, and a clad was formed by a dip coating method.

（サンプルＤ）：アクリルロッドの１．５ｍ全長を、前記フッ素系樹脂溶液に散乱体を均一に分散させた溶液（散乱体はフッ素系樹脂に対し５質量％）に浸漬し、ディップコート法でクラッドを形成した。 (Sample D): An acrylic rod having a total length of 1.5 m was immersed in a solution in which a scatterer was uniformly dispersed in the fluororesin solution (the scatterer was 5% by mass with respect to the fluororesin), and dip coating was used. A clad was formed.

得られたサンプルＣ，Ｄにそれぞれ紫外光源（水銀−キセノンランプ）から紫外光を入射し、伝送損失をカットバック法で測定した。測定結果を図８及び図９に示す（図中、Ｃ，Ｄのグラフ参照）。実施例１と同様に、入射側に散乱体を設けず、且つ長手方向に段階的に散乱体の濃度を増大したサンプルは、散乱体が一様に分布しているサンプルよりも漏光を効率的に利用できることが分かる。   The obtained samples C and D were each irradiated with ultraviolet light from an ultraviolet light source (mercury-xenon lamp), and the transmission loss was measured by the cutback method. The measurement results are shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 (see the graphs C and D in the figure). Similar to Example 1, a sample in which no scatterer is provided on the incident side and the concentration of the scatterer is increased stepwise in the longitudinal direction is more efficient in leaking light than a sample in which the scatterers are uniformly distributed. You can see that it can be used.

［実施例３］
本実施例の光導波路は、プラスチックシートであって、リード部分は２０ｃｍ、漏光させたい部分３０ｃｍとなるように設計した。
市販の紫外透過型のアクリルシート（厚み２ｍｍ、横幅１０ｍｍ、長さ５０ｃｍ、屈折率１．４９）を２枚用意し、下記の作製方法でサンプルＥとサンプルＦを作製した。 [Example 3]
The optical waveguide of this example was a plastic sheet, and the lead portion was designed to be 20 cm and the portion to be leaked 30 cm.
Two commercially available ultraviolet transmissive acrylic sheets (thickness 2 mm, width 10 mm, length 50 cm, refractive index 1.49) were prepared, and Sample E and Sample F were prepared by the following manufacturing method.

（サンプルＥ）：全長５０ｃｍのシートの片側１５ｃｍを、前記フッ素系樹脂溶液に散乱体を均一に分散させた溶液（散乱体はフッ素系樹脂に対し１５質量％）に浸漬し、ディップコート法でクラッドを形成した。次に、その上の１５ｃｍもあわせた３０ｃｍ部分を、前記フッ素系樹脂溶液に散乱体を均一に分散させた溶液（散乱体はフッ素系樹脂に対し１０質量％）に浸漬し、ディップコート法でクラッドを形成した。その後、全長５０ｃｍを、散乱体を添加していない前記フッ素系樹脂溶液に浸漬し、ディップコート法でクラッドを形成した。 (Sample E): 15 cm on one side of a sheet having a total length of 50 cm is immersed in a solution in which a scatterer is uniformly dispersed in the fluororesin solution (the scatterer is 15% by mass with respect to the fluororesin). A clad was formed. Next, the 30 cm portion including 15 cm above is immersed in a solution in which a scatterer is uniformly dispersed in the fluororesin solution (the scatterer is 10% by mass with respect to the fluororesin), and dip coating is used. A clad was formed. Thereafter, a total length of 50 cm was immersed in the fluororesin solution to which no scatterer was added, and a clad was formed by a dip coating method.

（サンプルＦ）：５０ｃｍのシート全長を、前記フッ素系樹脂溶液に散乱体を均一に分散させた溶液（散乱体はフッ素系樹脂に対し１５質量％）に浸漬し、ディップコート法でクラッドを形成した。 (Sample F): The entire sheet length of 50 cm is immersed in a solution in which a scatterer is uniformly dispersed in the fluororesin solution (the scatterer is 15% by mass with respect to the fluororesin), and a clad is formed by a dip coating method. did.

得られたサンプルＥ，Ｆを端面研磨し、それぞれ紫外光源（水銀−キセノンランプ）から紫外光を入射し、紫外照度計でシートの側面（平らの面）に当てて伝送損失を測定した。測定結果を図１０及び図１１に示す。実施例１，２と同様に、入射側に散乱体を設けず、且つ長手方向に段階的に散乱体の濃度を増大したサンプルは、散乱体が一様に分布しているサンプルよりも漏光を効率的に利用できることが分かる。   The obtained samples E and F were end-polished, each was irradiated with ultraviolet light from an ultraviolet light source (mercury-xenon lamp), and applied to the side surface (flat surface) of the sheet with an ultraviolet illuminometer to measure transmission loss. The measurement results are shown in FIGS. Similar to Examples 1 and 2, a sample in which no scatterer is provided on the incident side and the concentration of the scatterer is increased stepwise in the longitudinal direction causes more light leakage than a sample in which the scatterers are uniformly distributed. It can be seen that it can be used efficiently.

［実施例４］
（分解効果）
実施例１で作製したサンプルＡとＢ（それぞれ全長１．５ｍ）を１００本ずつ準備した。前記サンプルＡとＢのそれぞれの入射側から５０ｃｍ〜１５０ｃｍの表面に、市販の光触媒アンダーコート材（保護層）を塗布し、さらにその上に光触媒機能を有する酸化チタンコーティング溶液を塗布、乾燥し、ファイバ外周面が光触媒活性を有する酸化チタン膜で被覆された光触媒担持ファイバを作製した。得られた酸化チタン膜の厚みは約１μｍであった。 [Example 4]
(Disassembly effect)
100 samples A and B (each with a total length of 1.5 m) prepared in Example 1 were prepared. Apply a commercially available photocatalyst undercoat material (protective layer) to the surface of 50 cm to 150 cm from the incident side of each of the samples A and B, and further apply a titanium oxide coating solution having a photocatalytic function thereon, and then dry, A photocatalyst-supporting fiber was produced in which the outer peripheral surface of the fiber was coated with a titanium oxide film having photocatalytic activity. The thickness of the obtained titanium oxide film was about 1 μm.

得られたサンプルＡとＢを１００本ずつ片側（Ａは散乱体添加されていない側）を収束し、この部分を接着剤で接着した後、端面研磨してバンドル化した。その後、得られたバンドルを用い、図１２に示すパイプ型の光触媒モジュールを作製した（Ｌ＝１ｍ）。
この２つのモジュールを用いて、図１２に示すように密閉且つ完全遮光の状態とし、メチレンブルー分解実験を行った。 100 pieces of each of the obtained samples A and B were converged on one side (A is a side to which no scatterer was added), and this part was bonded with an adhesive, and then end-face polished to be bundled. Thereafter, a pipe-type photocatalyst module shown in FIG. 12 was produced using the obtained bundle (L = 1 m).
Using these two modules, a methylene blue decomposition experiment was conducted in a hermetically sealed state as shown in FIG.

メチレンブルーの初期濃度は１０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ程度に調整した。このメチレンブルー溶液１Ｌをパイプ内に注入した。紫外光源としては、水銀キセノンランプ（照度２０００ｍｗ／ｃｍ２）を用いた。一定時間経過毎にパイプ内のメチレンブルー溶液を分光透光度で測定した。この方法では分光透過率が高いほど溶液中のメチレンブルー濃度が低く、分解が進行していることがわかる。実験結果を図１３に示す。 The initial concentration of methylene blue was adjusted to about 10 μmol / L. 1 L of this methylene blue solution was injected into the pipe. As the ultraviolet light source, a mercury xenon lamp (illuminance 2000 mw / cm 2 ) was used. The methylene blue solution in the pipe was measured by spectroscopic transmissivity every certain time. In this method, it can be seen that the higher the spectral transmittance, the lower the methylene blue concentration in the solution, and the more the decomposition proceeds. The experimental results are shown in FIG.

図１３に示すように、サンプルＡはサンプルＢに比べて分解の進行速度がより速いことが確認された。   As shown in FIG. 13, it was confirmed that Sample A had a faster decomposition rate than Sample B.

散乱体濃度と漏光量の関係を表すグラフである。It is a graph showing the relationship between a scatterer density | concentration and leakage light quantity. 散乱体濃度と漏光量の関係を表すグラフである。It is a graph showing the relationship between a scatterer density | concentration and leakage light quantity. 散乱体濃度と長手方向の漏光線密度の関係を表すグラフである。It is a graph showing the relationship between a scatterer density | concentration and the leakage light beam density of a longitudinal direction. 光ファイバの屈折率分布を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the refractive index distribution of an optical fiber. 表面漏光光導波路の参考例を表す側面断面図である。It is side surface sectional drawing showing the reference example of a surface light leakage optical waveguide. 本発明の表面漏光光導波路の一実施形態を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows one Embodiment of the surface light leakage optical waveguide of this invention. 本発明の表面漏光光導波路の一実施形態を示す側面断面図である。It is side surface sectional drawing which shows one Embodiment of the surface light leakage optical waveguide of this invention. リコートと一様分布の漏光特性を比較するグラフである。It is a graph which compares the light leakage characteristic of recoat and uniform distribution. リコートと一様分布の漏光特性を比較するグラフである。It is a graph which compares the light leakage characteristic of recoat and uniform distribution. リコートと一様分布の漏光特性を比較するグラフである。It is a graph which compares the light leakage characteristic of recoat and uniform distribution. リコートと一様分布の漏光特性を比較するグラフである。It is a graph which compares the light leakage characteristic of recoat and uniform distribution. 本発明の光触媒モジュールの一実施形態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows one Embodiment of the photocatalyst module of this invention. 実施例で作製した光触媒モジュールの分解実験の結果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the result of the decomposition experiment of the photocatalyst module produced in the Example.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１…コア部、２…クラッド部、３…散乱体、４…表面漏光光導波路、１０…光触媒モジュール、１１…光触媒担持ファイバ（光触媒担持導波路）、１２…ＵＶ光源、１３…ファイババンドル、１４…可撓性外管、１５…メッシュ、１６…電源、１７…入口側キャップ、１８…入口、１９…パイプ（処理部）、２０…出口側キャップ、２１…出口、２２…被処理液。
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Core part, 2 ... Cladding part, 3 ... Scattering body, 4 ... Surface light leakage optical waveguide, 10 ... Photocatalyst module, 11 ... Photocatalyst carrying fiber (photocatalyst carrying waveguide), 12 ... UV light source, 13 ... Fiber bundle, 14 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Flexible outer tube, 15 ... Mesh, 16 ... Power supply, 17 ... Inlet side cap, 18 ... Inlet, 19 ... Pipe (processing part), 20 ... Outlet side cap, 21 ... Outlet, 22 ... To-be-processed liquid.

Claims (5)

コア部と、該コア部よりも屈折率の低い材料からなり、該コア部を囲むように設けられたクラッド部とを備え、且つ少なくとも前記コア部とクラッド部との境界部に、コア部内を伝搬する光を散乱又は放射させてクラッド部の表面から漏光させる欠陥を備えてなり、前記欠陥の密度が長手方向に沿って異なっていることを特徴とする表面漏光光導波路。   A core portion and a clad portion made of a material having a lower refractive index than that of the core portion and provided so as to surround the core portion, and at least a boundary portion between the core portion and the clad portion, A surface light leakage optical waveguide comprising a defect that scatters or emits propagating light and causes light to leak from the surface of a clad portion, and the density of the defects varies along the longitudinal direction. 前記欠陥は、前記コア部とクラッド部との界面のクラッド部側に添加された、クラッド部をなす材料の屈折率と異なる屈折率を持つ粒子状の散乱体であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の表面漏光光導波路。   The defect is a particulate scatterer having a refractive index different from a refractive index of a material forming the clad portion added to the clad portion side of the interface between the core portion and the clad portion. 2. The surface light leakage optical waveguide according to 1. 前記表面漏光光導波路がファイバ状、リボン状又はシート状であることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の表面漏光光導波路。   3. The surface light leakage optical waveguide according to claim 1, wherein the surface light leakage optical waveguide has a fiber shape, a ribbon shape, or a sheet shape. 前記散乱体は、クラッド部となる材料中に散乱体を分散させた被覆材料でコア部表面を被覆し、クラッド部の形成と同時に該クラッド部に添加されることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の表面漏光光導波路。   The scatterer covers a core part surface with a coating material in which a scatterer is dispersed in a material to be a clad part, and is added to the clad part simultaneously with the formation of the clad part. 4. The surface light leakage optical waveguide according to any one of 3 above. 請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載の表面漏光光導波路のクラッド部外側の全面又は一部に光触媒が担持されてなる光触媒担持導波路と、該光触媒担持導波路のコア部に励起光を入射する光源と、被処理流体を前記光触媒担持導波路と接触させる処理部を有する装置本体とを備えたことを特徴とする光触媒モジュール。
5. A photocatalyst-carrying waveguide in which a photocatalyst is carried over the entire surface or part of the outer surface of the cladding part of the surface light leakage optical waveguide according to claim 1, and excitation light is incident on a core part of the photocatalyst-carrying waveguide A photocatalyst module comprising: a light source that performs processing; and an apparatus main body that includes a processing unit that brings a fluid to be processed into contact with the photocatalyst-supporting waveguide.
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