JP2005331193A - Ventilator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a total heat exchanger capable of performing defrosting operation efficiently in a short time when frost is generated in an air flow passage at a low outside air temperature such as in winter. <P>SOLUTION: The total heat exchanger 1 is provided with a heat exchanging element 5 at a crossing part of a first partitioning plate 3 and a second partitioning plate 4 for partitioning an inside of a casing 2. An outdoor side air supply duct 9 and an indoor side exhaust duct 7 are extended on one side of the casing 2, and an outdoor side exhaust duct 8 and an indoor side air supply duct 10 are extended on the other side. A damper 11 pivotally supported so as to freely rotate is provided on the partitioning plate 3. At defrosting operation, the damper 11 rotates and an exhaust path and an air supply path are communicated. Thereby, warm air in a room is flown from the exhaust path to the air supply path through the indoor side exhaust duct 7, and the defrosting operation is performed so that the attached frost can be eliminated in a short time. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、換気装置としての全熱交換器に関わり、より詳細には除霜運転の効率を向上させる構成に関する。   The present invention relates to a total heat exchanger as a ventilation device, and more particularly to a configuration for improving the efficiency of a defrosting operation.

従来の全熱交換器は、図４で示すように、方形状の筐体２内を区画板３及び４で区画するとともに、中央部に熱交換エレメント５を設け、前記筐体２の一側に屋外側給気ダクト９と屋内側排出ダクト７とを延出する一方、他側に、屋外側排出ダクト８と屋内側給気ダクト１０とを延出している。又、前記屋外側排出ダクト８と前記屋内側給気ダクト１０とに臨んで前記筐体２の側部に、ファンモータ６ａにより駆動される送風ファン６を夫々設けている（例えば特許文献１参照）。   As shown in FIG. 4, the conventional total heat exchanger divides the inside of the rectangular housing 2 by partition plates 3 and 4, and is provided with a heat exchange element 5 at the center, and one side of the housing 2. The outdoor side air supply duct 9 and the indoor side exhaust duct 7 are extended to the other side, while the outdoor side exhaust duct 8 and the indoor side air supply duct 10 are extended to the other side. Further, a blower fan 6 driven by a fan motor 6a is provided on each side of the housing 2 facing the outdoor-side exhaust duct 8 and the indoor-side air supply duct 10 (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ).

前記屋外側給気ダクト９と前記熱交換エレメント５と前記屋内側給気ダクト１０とを結ぶ経路には、給気流路が形成され、前記屋内側排出ダクト７と前記熱交換エレメント５と前記屋外側排出ダクト８とを結ぶ経路には排気流路が形成されており、前記給気流路を通る空気と、前記排気流路を通る空気とは前記熱交換エレメント５で熱交換を行いながら屋内と屋外との換気運転を行うようになっている。   An air supply passage is formed in a path connecting the outdoor side air supply duct 9, the heat exchange element 5, and the indoor side air supply duct 10, and the indoor side exhaust duct 7, the heat exchange element 5, the house An exhaust passage is formed in a path connecting the outer discharge duct 8, and the air passing through the air supply passage and the air passing through the exhaust passage are indoors while exchanging heat with the heat exchange element 5. Ventilation with the outdoors is to be performed.

冬場等の低外気温時あるいは寒冷地で上記したような換気運転を行うと、前記熱交換エレメント内あるいは前記給気流路内に着霜が生じ、除霜運転が必要となる、除霜運転は給気流路に設けられた送風ファンを停止し、排気流路に設けられた送風ファンを高速で回転させ、屋内の暖気を前記排気流路に流すようにして行われるが、着霜量が多いのは給気流路である場合が多いため、除霜運転の効率が低いという問題を抱えていた。   When the ventilation operation as described above is performed at a low outside temperature such as in winter or in a cold region, frost formation occurs in the heat exchange element or the air supply flow path, and a defrost operation is required. Although the blower fan provided in the air supply passage is stopped, the blower fan provided in the exhaust passage is rotated at high speed, and the indoor warm air flows through the exhaust passage, the amount of frost formation is large. In many cases, the air supply flow path has a problem that the efficiency of the defrosting operation is low.

特開昭６１−１０７０２０号JP 61-107020 A

本発明は、上記問題点に鑑み、冬場等の低外気温時に空気流路内に着霜が生じた場合、効率的に除霜運転を行える全熱交換器を提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a total heat exchanger that can efficiently perform a defrosting operation when frost forms in the air flow path at a low outdoor temperature such as in winter.

本発明は、上記課題を解決するため、筐体内を区画板により区画して給気経路と排気経路とを設け、これらの交差部に給気と排気との熱交換を行う熱交換エレメントを設ける一方、前記給気経路と前記排気経路とに送風ファンを設けて屋内及び屋外に連通させてなる換気装置において、前記熱交換エレメントの上流側となる区画板に開口部を設け、同開口部に、前記給気経路と前記排気経路とを連通させる開度調整可能なダンパを設けた構成となっている。又、前記ダンパは、前記排気経路と前記給気経路とをほぼ連通させる全開状態か、あるいは前記排気経路と前記給気経路とを流れる空気を混合させる半開状態かに設定されてなる構成となっている。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a supply passage and an exhaust passage by partitioning the inside of the housing with a partition plate, and a heat exchange element for performing heat exchange between the supply air and the exhaust at these intersections. On the other hand, in a ventilation device in which a ventilation fan is provided in the air supply path and the exhaust path and communicates indoors and outdoors, an opening is provided in the partition plate on the upstream side of the heat exchange element, and the opening In addition, a damper with an adjustable opening that connects the air supply path and the exhaust path is provided. Further, the damper is configured to be set in a fully open state in which the exhaust path and the air supply path are substantially communicated or in a half open state in which the air flowing through the exhaust path and the air supply path is mixed. ing.

本発明によると、方形状の筐体内を、第一区画板と、第二区画板とにより仕切り、これらの交差部に熱交換エレメントを設け、前記筐体の一側に、屋外側給気ダクトと、屋内側排出ダクトとを相対向するようにＬ字状に延出して夫々設け、他側に、屋外側排出ダクトと、屋内側給気ダクトとを相対向するようにＬ字状に延出して夫々設け、前記筐体内の側部に、前記屋外側排出ダクトと、前記屋内側給気ダクトとに臨むように、ファンモータと、同ファンモータに駆動される送風ファンとを設け、前記熱交換エレメントの上流側となる前記第一区画板の部位に、回動自在に軸支されたダンパを設けて全熱交換器を構成することにより、冬場等の低外気温時あるいは寒冷地での換気運転の際、給気経路あるいは前記熱交換エレメントに着霜が発生した場合には、前記第一区画板に設けられた前記ダンパを回動させて排気経路と給気経路とを連通させることにより、屋内側排出口から吸込まれた室内の暖気が排気経路から給気経路へと流入し、更に前記熱交換エレメントを通過して除霜運転を行うことにより、付着した霜が短時間で除去することができ、換気運転に早期に復帰することができるようになっている。   According to the present invention, a rectangular housing is partitioned by a first partition plate and a second partition plate, a heat exchange element is provided at an intersection of these, and an outdoor air supply duct is provided on one side of the housing. And an indoor exhaust duct extending in an L shape so as to face each other, and an outdoor exhaust duct and an indoor air supply duct extending in an L shape so as to face each other. And a fan motor and a blower fan driven by the fan motor so as to face the outdoor-side exhaust duct and the indoor-side air supply duct, respectively, on the side part in the housing. In the part of the first partition plate upstream of the heat exchange element, a damper that is pivotally supported is provided to constitute a total heat exchanger, so that it can be used at low outside temperatures such as in winter or in cold regions. During ventilation operation, frost formation occurs on the air supply path or the heat exchange element. In this case, by rotating the damper provided on the first partition plate to connect the exhaust path and the air supply path, the warm air in the room sucked from the indoor outlet is supplied from the exhaust path. By flowing into the air path and further passing through the heat exchange element to perform the defrosting operation, the attached frost can be removed in a short time and can be returned to the ventilation operation at an early stage. ing.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を、添付図面に基づいた実施例として詳細に説明する。   DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail as examples based on the attached drawings.

図１は本発明による全熱交換器を示す断面図であり、図２は熱交換エレメントを示す斜視図である。又、図３は除霜運転時の状態を示す断面図である。   FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a total heat exchanger according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a heat exchange element. Moreover, FIG. 3 is sectional drawing which shows the state at the time of a defrost operation.

本発明による全熱交換器１は、図１で示すように、屋外壁５０と、屋内壁６０との間に設けられ、新鮮な屋外の空気を屋内に給気するとともに、屋内の空気を屋外に排出し、又、これら給気と排気とを熱交換して、屋内の温度変動を最小限に抑えるようにしている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the total heat exchanger 1 according to the present invention is provided between an outdoor wall 50 and an indoor wall 60, and supplies fresh outdoor air indoors. In addition, heat exchange is performed between the supply air and the exhaust air so as to minimize indoor temperature fluctuations.

前記全熱交換器１は、従来例と同様に、方形状の筐体２と、同筐体２内を長手方向に沿って区画する第一区画板３と、短手方向に沿って区画する区画する第二区画板４とにより仕切り、これら第一区画板３と第二区画板４との交差部に熱交換エレメント５を設けている。又、前記筐体２の一側には、屋外壁５０に屋外側給気口９ａを開口した屋外側給気ダクト９と、屋内壁６０に屋内側排出口７ａを開口した屋内側排出ダクト７とが相対向するようにＬ字状に延出されて夫々設けられており、前記筐体２の他側には、屋外壁に屋外側排出口８ａを開口した屋外側排出ダクト８と、屋内壁６０に屋内側給気口１０ａを開口した屋内側給気ダクト１０とが相対向するようにＬ字状に延出されて夫々設けられている。   Like the conventional example, the total heat exchanger 1 is partitioned along a rectangular shape 2, a first partition plate 3 that partitions the inside of the housing 2 along the longitudinal direction, and a lateral direction. It partitions with the 2nd partition plate 4 to partition, and the heat exchange element 5 is provided in the cross | intersection part of these 1st partition plates 3 and the 2nd partition plate 4. FIG. Further, on one side of the housing 2, an outdoor air supply duct 9 having an outdoor air supply port 9 a opened on the outdoor wall 50, and an indoor side exhaust duct 7 having an indoor side discharge port 7 a opened on the indoor wall 60. Are provided in an L-shape so as to face each other, and on the other side of the housing 2, an outdoor-side discharge duct 8 having an outdoor-side discharge port 8 a opened on the outdoor wall, and an indoor The indoor side air supply duct 10 having the indoor side air supply opening 10a opened on the wall 60 is extended in an L shape so as to face each other.

又、前記筐体内の側部には、前記屋外側排出ダクト８と、前記屋内側給気ダクト１０とに臨むように、ファンモータ６ａと、同ファンモータ６ａとに駆動される送風ファン６とが設けられている。同送風ファン６は円筒状のカバーと、同カバー内に回動自在に軸支された円筒状のブレードファンとからなるシロッコファンからなり、前記熱交換エレメント５を通過してきた空気を前記屋外側排出ダクト８を介して屋外に排出する一方、前記屋内側給気ダクト１０を介して屋外からの空気を屋内に供給するようになっている。   Also, on the side of the housing, a fan motor 6a and a blower fan 6 driven by the fan motor 6a so as to face the outdoor discharge duct 8 and the indoor supply duct 10 are provided. Is provided. The blower fan 6 is composed of a sirocco fan comprising a cylindrical cover and a cylindrical blade fan rotatably supported in the cover, and the air passing through the heat exchange element 5 is transferred to the outdoor side. While discharging to the outdoors via the discharge duct 8, air from the outdoors is supplied indoors via the indoor air supply duct 10.

前記熱交換エレメント５は、図２で示すように、複数枚の仕切板５ａと、鋸歯状に形成された通気板５ｂ及び５ｃとを多段に積層して形成されており、前記仕切板５ａは伝熱性と透湿性とを有する素材により平板状に形成され、前記通気板５ｂと前記通気板５ｃとは一段枚に直交するように設けられている。前記通気板５ｂを通過する空気は矢印で示す給気通路４０を形成する一方、これに直交する前記通気板５ｃを通過する空気は矢印で示す排気通路４１を形成するようになっており、例えば給気通路４０を通過する空気が冷気であり、排気通路４１を通過する空気が暖気であるとすると、前記仕切板５ａを介して暖気の熱が冷気に伝熱され、給気通路４０を通過する空気が加温されるとともに、湿度も上がるようになっている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the heat exchange element 5 is formed by laminating a plurality of partition plates 5 a and saw-shaped vent plates 5 b and 5 c in multiple stages, and the partition plate 5 a The ventilation plate 5b and the ventilation plate 5c are provided so as to be orthogonal to each other in a flat plate shape by a material having heat conductivity and moisture permeability. The air passing through the ventilation plate 5b forms an air supply passage 40 indicated by an arrow, while the air passing through the ventilation plate 5c perpendicular to the air passage forms an exhaust passage 41 indicated by an arrow. If the air passing through the air supply passage 40 is cold air and the air passing through the exhaust passage 41 is warm air, the heat of the warm air is transferred to the cold air through the partition plate 5a and passes through the air supply passage 40. As the air is heated, the humidity increases.

又、前記屋外側給気ダクト９と、前記屋内側排出ダクト７に臨み、前記熱交換エレメント５の上流側となる前記区画板３には開口部が設けられ、同開口部には、図１で示すように、軸１１ａにより回動自在に軸支され、これを開閉する開度調整可能なダンパ１１が設けられている。   Further, an opening is provided in the partition plate 3 that faces the outdoor air supply duct 9 and the indoor exhaust duct 7 and is upstream of the heat exchange element 5. As shown in FIG. 1, a damper 11 that is pivotally supported by a shaft 11a and that can be opened and closed to open and close the shaft 11a is provided.

次に、動作について説明する。前記送風ファン６が起動されると、図１の矢印で示すように、前記屋外側給気口９ａから屋外の空気が給気として吸込まれ、前記屋外側給気ダクト９を介して前記熱交換エレメント５に流入する。前記屋内側排出口７ａから吸込まれた屋内の空気は排気として前記屋内側排出口ダクト７を介して前記熱交換エレメント５に流入し、同熱交換エレメント５の前記通気板５ｂを給気が、前記通気板５ｃを排気が直交するように交差して通過することにより、これら給気と排気とは前記仕切板５ａを介して熱交換と湿気の交換を行い、給気は前記屋内側給気ダクト１０を介して前記屋内側給気口１０ａから屋内に吹出され、排気は前記屋外側排出ダクト８を介して前記屋外側排出口８ａから外部に放出されるようになっている。   Next, the operation will be described. When the blower fan 6 is activated, as shown by an arrow in FIG. 1, outdoor air is sucked as air supply from the outdoor air supply port 9 a, and the heat exchange is performed via the outdoor air supply duct 9. Flows into element 5. The indoor air sucked from the indoor side exhaust port 7a flows into the heat exchange element 5 through the indoor side exhaust port duct 7 as exhaust, and the air is supplied to the ventilation plate 5b of the heat exchange element 5; By passing through the ventilation plate 5c so that the exhaust gas intersects perpendicularly, the supply air and the exhaust gas exchange heat and moisture through the partition plate 5a, and the supply air is supplied to the indoor air supply. The air is blown indoors from the indoor air supply port 10 a through the duct 10, and the exhaust is discharged to the outside from the outdoor air discharge port 8 a through the outdoor air discharge duct 8.

冬場等の低外気温時あるいは寒冷地で上記した換気運転を行うと、前記屋外側給気口９ａから冷却された空気が吸込まれ、給気経路あるいは前記熱交換エレメント５に着霜が発生する。着霜が発生すると、前記熱交換エレメント５での給気と排気との熱交換に支障を生じるので除霜運転が行われる。   When the above-described ventilation operation is performed at a low outside temperature such as in winter or in a cold region, the cooled air is sucked from the outdoor air supply port 9a, and frost formation occurs in the air supply path or the heat exchange element 5. . If frost formation occurs, the heat exchange between the air supply and the exhaust in the heat exchange element 5 will be hindered, so the defrosting operation is performed.

除霜運転時、前記第一区画板３に設けられた前記ダンパ１１が、図３で示すように、前記軸１１ａを中心として前記給気経路側に回動し、同開口部を開放して排気経路と給気経路とを連通させるとともに、給気経路を閉鎖するようになっている。これにより前記屋内側排出口７ａから吸込まれた室内の暖気が前記屋内側排出ダクト７を介して排気経路から給気経路へと流入し、更に前記熱交換エレメント５を通過するようになっており、又、前記屋外側給気ダクト９を介して流入してきた外気を遮蔽するようになっている。着霜を生じた給気経路及び前記熱交換エレメント５を室内から送出された暖気が通過することにより除霜運転が効率的に行われ、付着した霜が短時間で除去することができるようになっている。除霜運転が終了すると前記ダンパ１１が再び回動し、元の状態に復帰することにより換気運転が再開されるようになっている。   During the defrosting operation, as shown in FIG. 3, the damper 11 provided on the first partition plate 3 rotates around the shaft 11a toward the air supply path to open the opening. The exhaust path and the air supply path are communicated with each other, and the air supply path is closed. As a result, the indoor warm air sucked from the indoor side discharge port 7a flows into the air supply path from the exhaust path via the indoor side discharge duct 7, and further passes through the heat exchange element 5. In addition, the outside air flowing in through the outdoor side air supply duct 9 is shielded. The defrosting operation is efficiently performed by passing warm air sent from the room through the air supply path in which frost formation has occurred and the heat exchange element 5 so that the attached frost can be removed in a short time. It has become. When the defrosting operation is completed, the damper 11 is rotated again, and the ventilation operation is resumed by returning to the original state.

又、除霜運転の際、他の実施例として前記ダンパ１１を、図３の破線で示すように、半開きの状態に設定してもよい。これにより、排出経路の暖気と給気経路との冷気とが混合して前記熱交換エレメント５を通過し、換気運転を中断することなく除霜運転を行えるようになっている。   Further, during the defrosting operation, as another embodiment, the damper 11 may be set in a half-open state as indicated by a broken line in FIG. As a result, warm air in the discharge path and cool air in the supply path are mixed and passed through the heat exchange element 5 so that the defrosting operation can be performed without interrupting the ventilation operation.

本発明による全熱交換器を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the total heat exchanger by this invention. 熱交換エレメントを示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows a heat exchange element. 除霜運転時の状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the state at the time of a defrost operation. 従来の全熱交換器を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional total heat exchanger.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 全熱交換器
２ 筐体
３ 第一区画板
４ 第二区画板
５ 熱交換エレメント
５ａ 仕切板
５ｂ、５ｃ 通気板
６ 送風ファン
６ａ ファンモータ
７ 屋内側排出ダクト
７ａ 屋内側排出口
８ 屋外側排出ダクト
８ａ 屋外側排出口
９ 屋外側給気ダクト
９ａ 屋外側給気口
１０ 屋内側給気ダクト
１０ａ 屋内側給気口
１１ ダンパ
１１ａ 軸
４０ 給気通路
４１ 排気通路
５０ 屋外壁
６０ 屋内壁
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Total heat exchanger 2 Housing | casing 3 1st partition plate 4 2nd partition plate 5 Heat exchange element 5a Partition plate 5b, 5c Ventilation plate 6 Blower fan 6a Fan motor 7 Indoor side discharge duct 7a Indoor side discharge port 8 Outdoor side discharge Duct 8a Outdoor side discharge port 9 Outdoor side air supply duct 9a Outdoor side air supply port 10 Indoor side air supply duct 10a Indoor side air supply port 11 Damper 11a Shaft 40 Air supply passage 41 Exhaust passage 50 Outdoor wall 60 Indoor wall

Claims (2)

筐体内を区画板により区画して給気経路と排気経路とを設け、これらの交差部に給気と排気との熱交換を行う熱交換エレメントを設ける一方、前記給気経路と前記排気経路とに送風ファンを設けて屋内及び屋外に連通させてなる換気装置において、
前記熱交換エレメントの上流側となる区画板に開口部を設け、同開口部に、前記給気経路と前記排気経路とを連通させる開度調整可能なダンパを設けてなることを特徴とする換気装置。 The inside of the housing is partitioned by a partition plate to provide an air supply path and an exhaust path, and a heat exchange element for exchanging heat between the air supply and the exhaust is provided at the intersection between the air supply path and the exhaust path. In the ventilation device that is provided with a blower fan and communicates indoors and outdoors,
Ventilation characterized in that an opening is provided in a partition plate on the upstream side of the heat exchange element, and a damper whose opening degree is adjustable is provided in the opening so as to allow communication between the air supply path and the exhaust path. apparatus. 前記ダンパは、前記排気経路と前記給気経路とをほぼ連通させる全開状態か、あるいは前記排気経路と前記給気経路とを流れる空気を混合させる半開状態かに設定されてなることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の換気装置。   The damper is set to a fully open state in which the exhaust path and the air supply path are substantially communicated with each other, or a half open state in which air flowing through the exhaust path and the air supply path is mixed. The ventilation apparatus according to claim 1.

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