JP2005279595A - 光化学反応装置および光化学反応方法 - Google Patents
光化学反応装置および光化学反応方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】 反応分子を含む液体を流通させる微細な反応流路21を有し、光透過性材料より形成された反応器11と、前記反応流路21に光を照射する光照射装置23と、を備えており、反応流路21の流路径が10〜2000μmに構成されている。この光化学反応装置101では、反応分子を効率的に反応させることができるとともに、反応流路21に光をくまなく照射して高い効率の下で光化学反応を進行させることができる。
【選択図】図7
Description
本発明に係る光化学反応装置は、光分解反応、光合成反応、光酸化反応、光還元反応などの光化学反応全般に用いることができ、特に、光分解反応を利用してダイオキシン類等の有害物質で汚染された排水、地下水などの液体を処理して無害化する排水処理装置などとして有効である。処理対象となる液体は制限されるものではないが、例えば河川水や地下水、工業排水などの汚染水を主な対象とすることができる。また、ダイオキシン類等の有害物質によって汚染された土壌や灰などから、該有害物質を液相に抽出した液体を対象とすることもできる。
反応分子は、光化学反応に係わるものであれば制限されるものではなく、例えば各種の有機化合物を挙げることができる。有機化合物の例としては、脂肪族炭化水素、芳香族炭化水素、カルボニル化合物、共役不飽和カルボニル化合物、カルボン酸、有機ハロゲン化合物、カルボニル、アルコール類、エーテル類、窒素含有有機物、硫黄含有有機物、リン含有有機物、ケイ素含有有機物、複素芳香族化合物、有機金属錯体、有機系色素などが挙げられる。
反応器は光を透過する材料から構成されており、光透過性材料としては、例えば石英ガラス、ソーダ石灰ガラス、ホウケイ酸ガラス、フッ化物ガラス等のガラスや、アクリル等のプラスティックなどを挙げることができ、このうち幅広い波長領域の光を透過させることができることから石英ガラスが好ましい。光透過性材料は、照射光を遮断することがないように、照射する光の波長に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば光が紫外光である場合には石英ガラスが好ましい。
図1は反応流路21を1個設けた最も簡単な反応器11であり、図2は同一直線上(横並び)に複数(ここでは3個)の反応流路21を設けた反応器12であり、図3は横方向に5個、縦方向に4個の反応流路21を重ねて設けた反応器13であり、図4は位置関係を交互にずらして反応流路21を設けた反応器14であり、図5は横方向に長い(長辺の長さ/短辺の長さの比が大きい)反応流路21を1個設けた反応器15であり、図6は横方向に長い(長辺の長さ/短辺の長さの比が大きい)反応流路21を縦方向に複数個(ここでは4個)積層した反応器16である。なお、符号27は反応器の基部を示すものであり、光透過性材料より構成されている。
光照射装置には、人工光源のほか、自然光を集光もしくは採光する装置が含まれる。すなわち、本発明において「光照射」の語は、集光や採光を含む広義に用いられる。集光設備としては例えば反射板などが挙げられ、採光設備としては例えば太陽光を非選択的にあるいは特定の波長領域のみを選択的に透過させる光透過板などを挙げることができる。
次に、図面に基づき本発明の光化学反応装置について説明する。
図7は本発明の第1実施形態に係る光化学反応装置を示す図面である。この光化学反応装置は、反応分子を含む液体を流通させ、光触媒を設けてない微細な反応流路を有し、光透過性材料より形成された反応器と、前記反応流路に光を照射する光照射装置とを備えている。この光化学反応装置101における反応器は、図1に示した、反応流路21に光触媒を設けていない反応器11であり、この反応器11が直列に3個連結して配置された構成となっている。また、各反応器11の反応流路21に光を照射する光照射装置としての光源23が反応器11の上方に配置された構成となっている。本実施形態においては光源23として、反応分子を光励起させ得る波長を含むものを使用する。
図8に示す構成の光化学反応装置を用いてビスフェノールA水溶液の分解を行った。なお、反応器には、石英ガラスで構成され、長辺長さ(幅)500μm、短辺長さ(高さ)300μm、流路長60mmである断面四角形状の中空状の微細な反応流路を有し、この反応流路に光触媒である二酸化チタンがチタニアゾル法によって薄膜コーティングされたものを使用した。また、光源には、紫外線ランプ(波長:254nm、出力:10W)を用いた。
石英ガラスで構成され、長辺長さ(幅)500μm、短辺長さ(高さ)300μm、流路長80mmである断面四角形状の中空状の微細な反応流路を有する反応器と、紫外線ランプ〔波長:365nm、強度:2000mW/cm2、照射距離(反応流路のうち光が照射される長さ):8mm〕とから光化学反応装置を構成した。
21 反応流路
23、24 光源
25 光触媒
27 基部
51 排水ポンプ
52 バルブ
59 ホストコンピュータ
61 薬剤ポンプ
62 バルブ
64 センサ
100、101、102、103 光化学反応装置
200 光化学反応システム
Claims (5)
- 反応分子を含む液体を流通させる微細な反応流路を有し、光透過性材料より形成された反応器と、前記反応流路に光を照射する光照射装置とを備えており、前記反応流路の流路径が10〜2000μmに構成されていることを特徴とする、光化学反応装置。
- 請求項1において、前記反応流路に光触媒が設けられていることを特徴とする、光化学反応装置。
- 請求項1または請求項2において、前記反応器が複数個直列配置されていることを特徴とする、光化学反応装置。
- 請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項において、前記反応器が複数個並列配置されていることを特徴とする、光化学反応装置。
- 請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の光化学反応装置を用いて反応を行うことを特徴とする、光化学反応方法。
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008086993A (ja) * | 2006-09-08 | 2008-04-17 | Tokyo Institute Of Technology | 光触媒系マイクロ反応装置 |
JP2010099625A (ja) * | 2008-10-27 | 2010-05-06 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | 難分解性有機化合物の還元,無害化用のマイクロリアクター |
JP2011162489A (ja) * | 2010-02-10 | 2011-08-25 | Tokyo Institute Of Technology | 芳香族アルデヒド化合物の製造方法 |
JP2014217823A (ja) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-11-20 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | マイクロチャネルリアクタ |
JP2014223598A (ja) * | 2013-05-17 | 2014-12-04 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | マイクロチャネルリアクタ |
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2004
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008086993A (ja) * | 2006-09-08 | 2008-04-17 | Tokyo Institute Of Technology | 光触媒系マイクロ反応装置 |
JP2010099625A (ja) * | 2008-10-27 | 2010-05-06 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | 難分解性有機化合物の還元,無害化用のマイクロリアクター |
JP2011162489A (ja) * | 2010-02-10 | 2011-08-25 | Tokyo Institute Of Technology | 芳香族アルデヒド化合物の製造方法 |
JP2014217823A (ja) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-11-20 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | マイクロチャネルリアクタ |
JP2014223598A (ja) * | 2013-05-17 | 2014-12-04 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | マイクロチャネルリアクタ |
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