JP2005240956A - Sealing device - Google Patents

Sealing device Download PDF

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JP2005240956A
JP2005240956A JP2004054363A JP2004054363A JP2005240956A JP 2005240956 A JP2005240956 A JP 2005240956A JP 2004054363 A JP2004054363 A JP 2004054363A JP 2004054363 A JP2004054363 A JP 2004054363A JP 2005240956 A JP2005240956 A JP 2005240956A
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expanded graphite
sealing device
peripheral side
mounting groove
gasket
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JP4689177B2 (en
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Shuji Sugawa
修司 須川
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Nippon Valqua Industries Ltd
Nihon Valqua Kogyo KK
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Nippon Valqua Industries Ltd
Nihon Valqua Kogyo KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sealing device capable of maintaining stable sealability for a long term even under a working temperature above 700 °C in the presence of oxygen. <P>SOLUTION: In this sealing device 10, attachment grooves 60, 70 for shield materials 62, 72 are formed at least on either of an inner periphery side or an outer periphery side of an attachment groove 50 of an expanded graphite gasket 52 as an expanded graphite seal member formed between a flange coupling 20 as a first member and a flange coupling 30 as a second member. The shield materials 62, 72 which are softened or melted corresponding to high temperature conditions at the time of use are disposed in the attachment grooves, and the flange coupling 20 as the first member and the flange coupling 30 as the second member are mutually fastened. Preferably, the attachment grooves for the shield materials are formed so as to cross over the flange coupling as the first member and the flange coupling as the second member. The shield material is preferably either of a metal (i) of which the melting point is in a range of 200 to 650 °C or metal (ii) of which the annealing temperature is in a range of 300 to 700 °C, with the boiling point in a range above 700 °C in the both (i), (ii). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、機械器具、圧力容器、配管などで高温の蒸気、ガス、油、水等の流体の漏れを防ぐために使用される密封装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a sealing device used to prevent leakage of fluids such as high-temperature steam, gas, oil, water, etc. in machinery and equipment, pressure vessels, piping, and the like.

近年、ガスケット等のシール材形成用材料として、耐熱性が高く、可撓性と弾発力を有する膨脹黒鉛が多く使用されており、応力緩和性、耐薬品性等の面で、従来の石綿を材料としたものに比べて優れた性能を発揮している。   In recent years, expanded graphite having high heat resistance, flexibility and elasticity has been widely used as a material for forming sealing materials such as gaskets, and in terms of stress relaxation and chemical resistance, conventional asbestos is used. Excellent performance compared to materials made of

上記ガスケットの形状には、シート状、渦巻形などがあるが、シート状のガスケットとしては、膨張黒鉛粉末をホッパー等から一対または数対の連続して配置された圧延ロール間に供給し圧延することにより得られた膨張黒鉛シートをガスケット形状に打ち抜くか、必要に応じて該膨張黒鉛シートの片面又は両面にさらに金属箔等を接着したのち、ガスケット形状に打ち抜いたものが広く使用されている。   The gasket has a sheet shape, a spiral shape, and the like. As the sheet gasket, the expanded graphite powder is supplied from a hopper or the like between a pair or several pairs of continuously arranged rolling rolls and rolled. The expanded graphite sheet thus obtained is punched into a gasket shape, or if necessary, a metal foil or the like is further bonded to one or both sides of the expanded graphite sheet and then punched into a gasket shape is widely used.

渦巻形ガスケットとしては、予め断面が略Ｖ字形に成形されたテープ状の金属製薄帯板（フープ材）と、膨張黒鉛シートを細長く切り裂いてスリット状にされたフィラー材とを、互いに重ね合わせて渦巻状に巻回し、その巻き初めと終わりとをスポット溶接で固定し、必要に応じて金属製リングにてその内側や外側あるいは両方をさらに補強したものが広く知られている。   As a spiral-shaped gasket, a tape-shaped metal ribbon (hoop material) whose cross section has been formed in a substantially V-shape in advance and a filler material that is slit into a slit by expanding an expanded graphite sheet are stacked on top of each other. It is widely known that the coil is wound in a spiral shape, the start and end of the winding are fixed by spot welding, and the inner side, the outer side, or both are further reinforced by a metal ring as required.

このような膨張黒鉛を用いたガスケットは、不活性雰囲気中においては、７００℃を越える高温下でも使用可能であるが、酸素存在下においては、酸素により酸化（燃焼）されるため、使用温度範囲が限定される。例えば空気中においては４００℃以下に、また水蒸気中においては６５０℃以下に限定される。   Such a gasket using expanded graphite can be used in an inert atmosphere even at a high temperature exceeding 700 ° C., but in the presence of oxygen, it is oxidized (combusted) by oxygen, so the operating temperature range Is limited. For example, it is limited to 400 ° C. or lower in air and 650 ° C. or lower in water vapor.

したがって、膨張黒鉛製の密封材の使用温度範囲を広くするためには、膨張黒鉛の酸化を抑制・防止する必要がある。   Therefore, in order to widen the operating temperature range of the expanded graphite sealing material, it is necessary to suppress and prevent oxidation of the expanded graphite.

膨張黒鉛自体の耐酸化性を向上させる技術として、特開平０１−０８３９７４号公報（特許文献１）には、膨張黒鉛の表面をβ型炭化珪素に転化する技術が開示され、特開平１０−１３０６２５号公報（特許文献２）には、膨張黒鉛にリン系、ホウ素系または酸化鉄系の難燃剤を含有させる技術が開示され、特開平０９−３１７８９４号公報（特許文献３）には、膨張黒鉛にリン酸塩、亜鉛粉、アルミ粉、窒化硼素粉などの酸化抑制剤を含有させる技術が開示され、特開平１０−３１０７６２号公報（特許文献４）や特開平１０−２２６５７３号公報（特許文献５）には、黒鉛を燐酸処理する技術が開示され、また、特開昭５８−１８１７１３号公報（特許文献６）には、膨張黒鉛粒子に金属、金属酸化物等を蒸着する技術が開示されている。   As a technique for improving the oxidation resistance of expanded graphite itself, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 01-089744 (Patent Document 1) discloses a technique for converting the surface of expanded graphite to β-type silicon carbide. No. (Patent Document 2) discloses a technique for adding expanded, boron-based, or iron oxide-based flame retardant to expanded graphite, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-317894 (Patent Document 3) discloses expanded graphite. Disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-310762 (Patent Document 4) and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-226573 (Patent Document). 5) discloses a technique for treating graphite with phosphoric acid, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-181713 (Patent Document 6) discloses a technique for depositing a metal, a metal oxide or the like on expanded graphite particles. ing

これらの技術を用いることにより、膨張黒鉛の酸化は多少抑制されるが使用温度範囲を７００℃にまで広げることは困難である。   By using these techniques, the oxidation of expanded graphite is somewhat suppressed, but it is difficult to extend the operating temperature range to 700 ° C.

また、膨張黒鉛を、酸素から遮断することにより膨張黒鉛を用いたガスケットの酸化を防止する技術も数多く開示されている。   Many techniques for preventing oxidation of a gasket using expanded graphite by blocking the expanded graphite from oxygen are also disclosed.

シート状ガスケットについては、特開昭５７−００９３５８号公報（特許文献７）に膨張黒鉛シートの縁を金属板でグロメット加工して酸素を遮断する技術が開示され、特開平
０５−０４２６２６号公報（特許文献８）には、膨脹黒鉛に炭素繊維製シ−トを積層し表面をニツケルなどで被覆することにより酸素を遮断する技術が開示されている。 Regarding a sheet-like gasket, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-009358 (Patent Document 7) discloses a technique for cutting off oxygen by grommeting the edge of an expanded graphite sheet with a metal plate, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 05-042626 ( Patent Document 8) discloses a technique for blocking oxygen by laminating a carbon fiber sheet on expanded graphite and covering the surface with nickel or the like.

渦巻形ガスケットについては、特開平０１−２２４５７１号公報（特許文献９）や特開平１１−３５１３９９号公報（特許文献１０）に、断面波形状の金属帯板でフィラーを渦巻き形に保持してなる渦巻き形ガスケットにおいて、アスベストを除く無機質材（例：有機物含量５％以下のマイカテープ）からなるフィラー材を内・外周側に複合させることにより、膨張黒鉛製フィラーを酸素から遮断する技術が開示され、特開平１１−０１３８８８（特許文献１１）には、膨張黒鉛フイラ−材を金属箔で被覆することにより酸素を遮断する技術が開示されている。   About a spiral-shaped gasket, Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 01-224571 (patent document 9) and Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 11-351399 (patent document 10) hold | maintain a filler in a spiral shape with a metal strip with a cross-sectional wave shape. Disclosed is a technology for shielding expanded graphite fillers from oxygen by combining filler materials made of inorganic materials excluding asbestos (eg, mica tape with an organic content of 5% or less) inside and outside the spiral gasket. JP-A-11-013888 (Patent Document 11) discloses a technique for blocking oxygen by coating an expanded graphite filler material with a metal foil.

また、ガスケットではないがグランドパッキンについて、特開平０５−０６０２４５号公報（特許文献１２）には、膨張黒鉛テープの両端部に金属箔等でグロメット加工を施し、渦巻き状に巻き重ねてパッキンをリング状に成形することにより酸素を遮断する技術が開示され、特開２００１−３４９４３９（特許文献１３）には、膨張黒鉛パッキンの両端面に、金属箔テ−プを加圧成形したパッキンを配設することにより酸素と膨張黒鉛との接触を遮断する技術が開示されている。   In addition, regarding gland packing that is not a gasket, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 05-060245 (Patent Document 12) describes that grommet processing is applied to both ends of an expanded graphite tape with metal foil or the like and wound in a spiral shape to ring the packing. Is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-349439 (Patent Document 13), on both end surfaces of an expanded graphite packing, a metal foil tape is formed by pressure molding. Thus, a technique for blocking contact between oxygen and expanded graphite is disclosed.

これらの技術を用いた場合に、もし確実に酸素を遮断することができれば、７００℃を超える高温下でも長期間にわたりグランドパッキン等のシール材を使用可能であるが、酸素を遮断するための金属や無機質材料自体のシール性能が十分ではないため、長期間にわたる使用には耐えられないという問題点がある。また、膨張黒鉛自体の耐酸化性を向上させる上記技術と、酸素から遮断する上記技術とを組み合わせても、高温下でのシール性はそれほど飛躍的には改善されない。
特開平０１−０８３９７４号公報 特開平１０−１３０６２５号公報 特開平０９−３１７８９４号公報 特開平１０−３１０７６２号公報 特開平１０−２２６５７３号公報 特開昭５８−１８１７１３号公報 特開昭５７−００９３５８号公報 特開平０５−０４２６２６号公報 特開平０１−２２４５７１号公報 特開平１１−３５１３９９号公報 特開平１１−０１３８８８号公報 特開平０５−０６０２４５号公報 特開２００１−３４９４３９号公報 When these techniques are used, if oxygen can be reliably shut off, a sealing material such as a gland packing can be used for a long time even at a high temperature exceeding 700 ° C. In addition, since the sealing performance of the inorganic material itself is not sufficient, there is a problem that it cannot be used for a long period of time. Further, even when the above-described technique for improving the oxidation resistance of the expanded graphite itself and the above-described technique for shielding from expanded oxygen are combined, the sealing performance at a high temperature is not significantly improved.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 01-083974 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-130625 JP 09-317894 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-310762 JP-A-10-226573 Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 58-181713 JP-A-57-009358 JP 05-042626 A JP-A-01-224571 JP-A-11-351399 JP-A-11-013888 JP 05-060245 A JP 2001-349439 A

本発明は、上記のような従来技術に伴う問題点を解決しようとするものであって、酸素存在下で７００℃を超える使用温度下においても、長期間にわたり安定したシール性能を維持できる密封装置を提供することを目的としている。   The present invention is intended to solve the problems associated with the prior art as described above, and is a sealing device capable of maintaining stable sealing performance over a long period of time even at a use temperature exceeding 700 ° C. in the presence of oxygen. The purpose is to provide.

本発明に係る密封装置は、第１の部材と第２の部材間に形成された膨張黒鉛製シール部材の装着溝の内周側または外周側の少なくとも何れか一方に、遮断材用の装着溝を形成し、この装着溝内に使用時の高温状態に応じて軟化または溶融する遮断材を配設して、前記第１の部材と第２の部材とを相互に締結したことを特徴としている。   The sealing device according to the present invention includes a mounting groove for a blocking material on at least one of the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the mounting groove of the expanded graphite sealing member formed between the first member and the second member. In the mounting groove, a blocking material that softens or melts according to a high temperature state during use is disposed, and the first member and the second member are fastened to each other. .

本発明においては、前記遮断材用の装着溝は、第１の部材と第２の部材間にまたがって形成されていることが好ましい。   In the present invention, it is preferable that the mounting groove for the blocking material is formed across the first member and the second member.

本発明においては、前記第１の部材と第２の部材とは、フランジ継手であり、前記膨張黒鉛製シール部材は、膨張黒鉛製ガスケットであることが好ましい。   In the present invention, it is preferable that the first member and the second member are flange joints, and the expanded graphite sealing member is an expanded graphite gasket.

本発明においては、前記遮断材は、融点が２００〜６５０℃の範囲にある金属(i)であ
るか、または焼き鈍し温度が３００〜７００℃の範囲にある金属(ii)であることが好ましい。 In the present invention, the blocking material is preferably a metal (i) having a melting point in the range of 200 to 650 ° C. or a metal (ii) having an annealing temperature in the range of 300 to 700 ° C.

本発明によれば、例えば、酸素存在下で７００℃を超える使用温度下においても、長期間にわたり安定したシール性能を維持できる密封装置が提供される。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the sealing device which can maintain the stable sealing performance over a long period of time, for example under the use temperature exceeding 700 degreeC in oxygen presence is provided.

以下、本発明に係る密封装置について、図面を参照しつつ具体的に説明する。   Hereinafter, a sealing device according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

図１は、本発明の第１の好ましい態様に係る密封装置(第１の密封装置)を示し、第1の
部材としての第１のフランジ継手と、第２の部材としての第２のフランジ継手間に形成された膨張黒鉛製シール部材としての膨張黒鉛製ガスケットの装着溝の内周側と外周側に、遮断材用の装着溝を形成し、この装着溝内に使用時の高温状態に応じて軟化または溶融する遮断材を配設した態様を示している。 FIG. 1 shows a sealing device (first sealing device) according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which a first flange joint as a first member and a second flange joint as a second member are shown. A mounting groove for a blocking material is formed on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the mounting groove of an expanded graphite gasket as an expanded graphite sealing member formed therebetween, and in accordance with the high temperature state during use in this mounting groove In this embodiment, a blocking material that softens or melts is disposed.

また、図２は、本発明の第２の好ましい態様に係る密封装置(第２の密封装置)を示し、膨張黒鉛製シール部材としての上記膨張黒鉛製ガスケットの装着溝の内周側にのみ、遮断材用の装着溝を形成し、この装着溝内に上記遮断材を配設した態様を示している。   FIG. 2 shows a sealing device (second sealing device) according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, and only on the inner peripheral side of the mounting groove of the expanded graphite gasket as the expanded graphite sealing member, An embodiment is shown in which a mounting groove for a blocking material is formed and the blocking material is disposed in the mounting groove.

また、図３は、本発明の第３の好ましい態様に係る密封装置(第３の密封装置)を示し、膨張黒鉛製シール部材としての上記膨張黒鉛製ガスケットの装着溝の外周側にのみ、遮断材用の装着溝を形成し、この装着溝内に上記遮断材を配設した態様を示している。   FIG. 3 shows a sealing device (third sealing device) according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is cut off only on the outer peripheral side of the mounting groove of the expanded graphite gasket as the expanded graphite sealing member. An embodiment is shown in which a mounting groove for the material is formed and the blocking material is disposed in the mounting groove.

図１〜図３において、同一部材には、同一符号を付している。   1-3, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same member.

なお、これら図１〜図３においては、第１のフランジ継手と第２のフランジ継手間に、説明の都合上、大きな隙間（空隙）９０（９０Ａ，９０Ｂ，９０Ｃ，９０Ｄ）が存在するかのように図示されているが、使用状態においては、第１のフランジ継手２０と第２のフランジ継手３０は、ボルト等の締結具１１０にて強固に締め付けられており、実際は、視認し得ない程度の極微小の空隙が存在するに過ぎない。
［第１の密封装置］
初めに、図１に示す第１の密封装置について説明すると、第１の密封装置１０では、管体１の第１のフランジ継手２０と第２のフランジ継手３０間に形成された膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の装着溝５０の内周側に、遮断材６２用の装着溝(内周側装着溝)６０を形成すると共に、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の装着溝５０の外周側にも、遮断材７２用の装着溝(外周側装着溝)７０を形成している。 1 to 3, there is a large gap (gap) 90 (90A, 90B, 90C, 90D) between the first flange joint and the second flange joint for convenience of explanation. In the state of use, the first flange joint 20 and the second flange joint 30 are firmly tightened by a fastener 110 such as a bolt, and in actuality, cannot be visually recognized. There are only very small voids.
[First sealing device]
First, the first sealing device shown in FIG. 1 will be described. In the first sealing device 10, an expanded graphite gasket formed between the first flange joint 20 and the second flange joint 30 of the pipe body 1. A mounting groove (inner peripheral side mounting groove) 60 for the blocking material 62 is formed on the inner peripheral side of the mounting groove 50 of 52, and also for the blocking material 72 on the outer peripheral side of the mounting groove 50 of the expanded graphite gasket 52. Mounting grooves (outer peripheral mounting grooves) 70 are formed.

そして、図１では、これらの装着溝６０、７０内に使用時の高温状態に応じて軟化または溶融する遮断材６２、７２を配設した態様を示している。   FIG. 1 shows a state in which blocking members 62 and 72 that are softened or melted according to a high temperature state during use are disposed in the mounting grooves 60 and 70.

これらの遮断材６２、７２のうちで、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の装着溝５０の内周側に位置する遮断材(内周側遮断材)６２は、管体１の内部８０を正圧下に流通する高温の内
部流体１００の熱により軟化または溶融して、内部流体１００が直接膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２に接触するのを阻止し、これにより、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の酸化劣化を防止している。 Among these blocking materials 62 and 72, the blocking material (inner peripheral blocking material) 62 located on the inner peripheral side of the mounting groove 50 of the expanded graphite gasket 52 flows through the inside 80 of the tubular body 1 under a positive pressure. The internal fluid 100 is softened or melted by the heat of the high-temperature internal fluid 100 to prevent the internal fluid 100 from directly contacting the expanded graphite gasket 52, thereby preventing oxidative deterioration of the expanded graphite gasket 52.

また、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の装着溝５０の外周側に位置する遮断材(外周側遮断
材)７２は、管体１の内部８０を正圧下（加圧下）に流通する高温の内部流体１００の熱
が金属製フランジを介して速やかに伝達されることにより軟化または溶融して外周側空隙部９０Ｂを閉塞・封止し、外部流体が直接膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２に接触するのを阻止し、これにより、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の酸化劣化を防止している。 Further, a blocking material (outer peripheral blocking material) 72 positioned on the outer peripheral side of the mounting groove 50 of the expanded graphite gasket 52 is a high-temperature internal fluid 100 that circulates under the positive pressure (pressurization) inside the tube body 1. Heat is quickly transmitted through the metal flange to soften or melt, thereby closing and sealing the outer peripheral side gap 90B, and preventing external fluid from directly contacting the expanded graphite gasket 52. Thus, the oxidative deterioration of the expanded graphite gasket 52 is prevented.

このような構成の密封装置１０の使用状態においては、例えば、７００℃を超える高温（例：８００℃）で、加圧下に、内部流体１００である水蒸気が紙面に向かって上から下へあるいはその逆方向に管体1内を任意の速度で流れる。この時、内周側遮断材６２は、
この内部流体１００の熱により加熱されて軟化あるいは溶融しており、内部流体１００の正の圧力（加圧）を受けて自由に変形、移動等するが、固形のシール材である膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２が内部流体１００側から見てバックアップするようにその後方に存在するため、内周側遮断材６２の内周側に位置する内部流体１００あるいは空隙９０Ｄと、内周側遮断材６２の外周側に位置する空隙９０Ｃとの間は、圧力差が実質上ない均衡状態でほぼ内周側装着溝６０およびその近傍に貯留して空隙９０を閉塞し、内部流体１００と膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２との直接接触を阻止している。なお、内部流体の熱により軟化されるだけの金属（ii）にて内周側遮断材６２が形成されている場合には、内部流体１００が空隙９０Ｃ内に流入して圧力差がなくなる。しかし流入する流体１００の量は極微量であるため、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２を酸化消失させるには至らない。 In a use state of the sealing device 10 having such a configuration, for example, water vapor, which is the internal fluid 100, moves from top to bottom toward the paper surface or under pressure at a high temperature exceeding 700 ° C. (eg, 800 ° C.). It flows in the pipe body 1 at an arbitrary speed in the reverse direction. At this time, the inner peripheral side blocking material 62 is
An expanded graphite gasket that is heated and softened or melted by the heat of the internal fluid 100 and deforms and moves freely under the positive pressure (pressurization) of the internal fluid 100, but is a solid sealing material 52 exists behind it so as to back up when viewed from the internal fluid 100 side, so that the internal fluid 100 or the gap 90D located on the inner peripheral side of the inner peripheral blocking member 62 and the outer peripheral side of the inner peripheral blocking member 62 Between the internal fluid 100 and the expanded graphite gasket 52. The air gap 90C is stored in the inner peripheral side mounting groove 60 and in the vicinity thereof in an equilibrium state with substantially no pressure difference between the internal fluid 100 and the expanded graphite gasket 52. Direct contact is blocked. When the inner peripheral blocking material 62 is formed of the metal (ii) that is only softened by the heat of the internal fluid, the internal fluid 100 flows into the gap 90C and the pressure difference is eliminated. However, since the amount of the fluid 100 that flows in is extremely small, the expanded graphite gasket 52 cannot be oxidized and lost.

なお、内周側遮断材６２は、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２表面、特に内周側表面あるいは外周側表面を被覆するように、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２と緊密に接触していてもよい。   The inner peripheral blocking material 62 may be in intimate contact with the expanded graphite gasket 52 so as to cover the surface of the expanded graphite gasket 52, particularly the inner peripheral surface or the outer peripheral surface.

また、上記管体１は、例えば、高温の蒸気、ガス、油、水等の流体、特に高圧、高温流体が内部に収容されあるいは流通するものであれば、機械器具の配管、圧力容器と該容器から種々の機械器具まで延びる配管等に限定されない。   In addition, the pipe body 1 is, for example, a pipe of a mechanical instrument, a pressure vessel, and the like as long as fluid such as high-temperature steam, gas, oil, water, etc., particularly high-pressure, high-temperature fluid is contained or circulated therein. It is not limited to piping etc. which extend from a container to various machine tools.

また、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２用の装着溝５０、遮断材６２用の内周側装着溝６０および遮断材７２用の外周側装着溝７０の断面形状は、何れも特に限定されず、図１に示すように断面矩形であってもよく、断面Ｖ字型、Ｕ字型などであってもよい。またそれらの寸法も特に限定されない。   Also, the cross-sectional shapes of the mounting groove 50 for the expanded graphite gasket 52, the inner peripheral mounting groove 60 for the blocking material 62, and the outer peripheral mounting groove 70 for the blocking material 72 are not particularly limited. As shown, the cross section may be rectangular, and the cross section may be V-shaped, U-shaped, or the like. Also, their dimensions are not particularly limited.

また、これらの内周側装着溝６０および外周側装着溝７０は、フランジ加工の容易性、管体１製造コストの低減などの観点から第１のフランジ継手２０と第２のフランジ継手３０のうちの何れか一方にのみ形成されていてもよい（図示せず）。   In addition, the inner peripheral mounting groove 60 and the outer peripheral mounting groove 70 are the first flange joint 20 and the second flange joint 30 from the viewpoint of easiness of flange processing and reduction of the manufacturing cost of the tube body 1. It may be formed only on either one (not shown).

図１に示すような態様では、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２は、酸化、劣化しないから、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の内周側空隙部９０Ｃと、外周側空隙部９０Ｂに圧力差が生じても実質上変形、崩壊等せず、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の内周側と外周側で圧力差のある流体（内部流体１００および/または外部流体）を長期間、強固にシール（遮断）可能と
なっている。 In the embodiment as shown in FIG. 1, the expanded graphite gasket 52 is not oxidized or deteriorated. Therefore, even if a pressure difference occurs between the inner peripheral side gap portion 90C and the outer peripheral side gap portion 90B of the expanded graphite gasket 52, the expanded graphite gasket 52 is substantially free. Fluid (internal fluid 100 and / or external fluid) having a pressure difference between the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the expanded graphite gasket 52 can be tightly sealed (blocked) for a long period of time without being deformed or collapsed. .

このような構成の密封装置１０は、管体１の内部を流通する正圧下の流体１００の温度が、４００〜８００℃というような高温であり、しかも酸素などの酸化剤成分が内部流体１００中に含まれているような場合には、内周側遮断材６２が内部流体１００の熱を受けて軟化、溶融し、空隙９０Ｃ内に流延して該空隙を閉塞させ、内部流体１００と膨張黒鉛
製ガスケット５２との直接接触を遮断するため、内周側遮断材６２より外方にある膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２は不活性雰囲気中に保持され、その結果、７００℃を越える高温下でも膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２は酸化劣化せず、係る高温下で良好に使用可能である。 In the sealing device 10 having such a configuration, the temperature of the fluid 100 under a positive pressure flowing through the inside of the tube body 1 is as high as 400 to 800 ° C., and an oxidant component such as oxygen is contained in the internal fluid 100. The inner peripheral side blocking material 62 softens and melts by receiving the heat of the internal fluid 100, and casts into the gap 90C to close the gap, thereby expanding with the internal fluid 100. In order to block direct contact with the graphite gasket 52, the expanded graphite gasket 52 located outside the inner peripheral side blocking material 62 is held in an inert atmosphere, and as a result, expanded graphite even at a high temperature exceeding 700 ° C. The gasket 52 is not oxidized and can be used satisfactorily at such high temperatures.

この際に、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２には、内部流体１００の７００℃を超えるような高熱がフランジ２０、３０を介して直接伝達されるが、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２は酸素などと直接接触しない不活性雰囲気下に置かれているので、酸化劣化は促進されない。   At this time, high heat exceeding 700 ° C. of the internal fluid 100 is directly transmitted to the expanded graphite gasket 52 through the flanges 20 and 30, but the expanded graphite gasket 52 is not in direct contact with oxygen or the like. Oxidation degradation is not promoted because it is placed in an active atmosphere.

また、この密封装置１０では、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の外周側にも、外周側遮断材７２が配設されているが、このような密封装置１０では、管体１の外部８２を酸素が含まれた外部流体例えば、空気などの外部流体(図示せず)が流通していても、多くの場合、フランジ部を含む配管の外周面は図示せぬ保温材（断熱材）によりシールされており、また内部流体１００より高温の外部流体を流すということも殆どない。多くの場合は、内部流体１００の高熱がフランジ２０、３０を介して直接放熱される熱により、外部流体も外気温より高温になるが、上記したように通常、配管部は保温材で被覆シールされているのでフランジの温度よりも外部流体が高温になるということはない。
外周側遮断材７２がその熱により軟化または溶融して、外部流体が直接膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２に直接接触するのを阻止し、これにより、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の酸化劣化を防止している。 Further, in this sealing device 10, an outer peripheral side blocking material 72 is also disposed on the outer peripheral side of the expanded graphite gasket 52, but in such a sealing device 10, the outside 82 of the tubular body 1 contains oxygen. Even if an external fluid (not shown) such as air is circulated, the outer peripheral surface of the pipe including the flange portion is often sealed with a heat insulating material (heat insulating material) not shown. Also, it is rare that an external fluid having a temperature higher than that of the internal fluid 100 is allowed to flow. In many cases, the high temperature of the internal fluid 100 is directly radiated through the flanges 20 and 30, and the external fluid also becomes hotter than the outside air temperature. Therefore, the external fluid does not become hotter than the flange temperature.
The outer peripheral side blocking material 72 is softened or melted by the heat to prevent the external fluid from directly contacting the expanded graphite gasket 52, thereby preventing the oxidative deterioration of the expanded graphite gasket 52.

また、この際用いられる内周側遮断材６２と外周側遮断材７２の材質、寸法、形状などは、内部流体１００や外部流体の温度や種類、流速、管体１の断面形状などに応じて適宜選択され、内周側遮断材６２と外周側遮断材７２とは、同一部材でも、異種部材であってもよい。また、遮断材６２、７２の平面形状は、円形リング状、楕円形リング状、矩形リング状などの何れもでもよい。   Further, the materials, dimensions, shapes, etc. of the inner peripheral side blocking material 62 and the outer peripheral side blocking material 72 used at this time depend on the temperature and type of the internal fluid 100 and the external fluid, the flow velocity, the cross-sectional shape of the tube body 1 and the like. The inner peripheral side blocking material 62 and the outer peripheral side blocking material 72 may be the same member or different members. Further, the planar shape of the blocking members 62 and 72 may be any of a circular ring shape, an elliptical ring shape, a rectangular ring shape, and the like.

このような構成の密封装置１０によれば、酸素存在下においても、酸素により膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の酸化（燃焼）が阻止されるため、使用温度範囲が４００〜８００℃に拡大され、７００℃を超えることができる。例えば内部流体１００が４００〜８００℃という高温の空気や、６００〜８００℃という高温の水蒸気であっても、本発明の密封装置１０は、長期間継続して使用でき、優れたシール性を発揮できる。   According to the sealing device 10 having such a configuration, even in the presence of oxygen, since the oxidation (combustion) of the expanded graphite gasket 52 is blocked by oxygen, the operating temperature range is expanded to 400 to 800 ° C., and 700 ° C. Can be exceeded. For example, even if the internal fluid 100 is a high-temperature air of 400 to 800 ° C. or a high-temperature water vapor of 600 to 800 ° C., the sealing device 10 of the present invention can be used continuously for a long time and exhibits excellent sealing properties. it can.

ところで、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２と内周側遮断材６２との距離ｒ１（径方向距離）や、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２と外周側遮断材７２との距離ｒ２が大きいほど、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２寸法のマージンが広がるため、締め付け作業性が良好となる。しかしながら、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の耐酸化性向上の観点から、これらマージンｒ１、ｒ２が少ないほど内周側遮断材６２、外周側遮断材７２は軟化、溶融して確実に空隙９０間を埋め尽くすことができ、その結果、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２が良好に内部流体１００や外部流体から遮断されるため好ましい。   By the way, the larger the distance r1 (diameter direction distance) between the expanded graphite gasket 52 and the inner peripheral blocking material 62 and the distance r2 between the expanded graphite gasket 52 and the outer peripheral blocking material 72, the larger the dimensions of the expanded graphite gasket 52. Since the margin is increased, tightening workability is improved. However, from the viewpoint of improving the oxidation resistance of the expanded graphite gasket 52, the smaller the margins r1 and r2, the softer and molten the inner peripheral blocking member 62 and outer peripheral blocking member 72 are, so that the gaps 90 are completely filled. As a result, the expanded graphite gasket 52 is preferably isolated from the internal fluid 100 and the external fluid.

内周側遮断材６２と膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２との距離ｒ１（径方向距離）や外周側遮断材７２と膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２との距離ｒ２は、少ないほど好ましく、例えば、ｒ１、ｒ２は何れも、２〜５ｍｍ程度であることが望ましい。
＜遮断材６２、７２＞
上記遮断材６２、７２としては、管体１内を正圧下に流通する内部流体１００や管体１の外部を正圧（加圧）下に流通する外部流体の種類や温度に応じて適宜選択されるが、
従来困難とされてきた、４００〜８００℃という高温の空気条件下、６００〜８００℃という高温の水蒸気条件下での使用を前提に考えると、融点が２００〜６５０℃の範囲にある金属(i)であるか、または、焼き鈍し温度が３００〜７００℃の範囲にある金属(ii)で
ある金属の何れかであることが望ましい。 The smaller the distance r1 (diameter direction distance) between the inner peripheral side blocking material 62 and the expanded graphite gasket 52 and the distance r2 between the outer peripheral side blocking material 72 and the expanded graphite gasket 52, the more preferable. Is preferably about 2 to 5 mm.
<Blocking material 62, 72>
The blocking members 62 and 72 are appropriately selected according to the type and temperature of the internal fluid 100 that flows through the tube 1 under positive pressure and the external fluid that flows outside the tube 1 under positive pressure (pressurization). But
Considering the use under high-temperature air conditions of 400 to 800 ° C. and high-temperature steam conditions of 600 to 800 ° C., which has been considered difficult in the past, a metal having a melting point in the range of 200 to 650 ° C. (i ) Or a metal that is a metal (ii) having an annealing temperature in the range of 300 to 700 ° C.

なお、本発明で金属には、上記特性、機能を有する限り、上記例示に明らかなように、合金を含むことは勿論である。   In addition, as long as it has the said characteristic and function in a metal in this invention, it is needless to say that an alloy is included as evident in the said illustration.

なお「焼き鈍し」は、冷間加工で硬化した金属を再結晶化温度以上の温度で加熱することであり、接触する内部流体１００や外部流体の温度がこの焼き鈍し温度（再結晶化温度）以上であれば、金属は軟化していると考えられる。その結果、高温、高圧の内部流体１００や外部流体と、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２との直接的接触を阻止でき、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の酸化（燃焼）劣化を阻止できる。   Note that “annealing” is to heat a metal hardened by cold working at a temperature equal to or higher than the recrystallization temperature, and the temperature of the internal fluid 100 or the external fluid in contact is higher than the annealing temperature (recrystallization temperature). If so, the metal is considered softened. As a result, direct contact between the high temperature and high pressure internal fluid 100 or external fluid and the expanded graphite gasket 52 can be prevented, and oxidation (combustion) deterioration of the expanded graphite gasket 52 can be prevented.

本発明においては、前記融点が２００〜６５０℃の範囲にある金属(i)としては、
銅系アルミニウム合金（アルミ（Ａｌ）・銅（Ｃｕ）・マグネシウム（Ｍｇ）系合金、２０００番系）であるジュラルミン［融点：約６５０℃］、
Ａｌ−Ｓｉ−Ｃｕ−Ｍｇ系のＹ合金［融点：５５０〜６４０℃］、
シルミン（例：Ａｌ−Ｓｉ系の１３合金）［融点：５７５〜５８５℃］、
ホワイトメタル（合金組成が、例えば、鉛−アンチモン−銅系、またはスズ−アンチモン−銅系の第１種〜第１０種のホワイトメタル［融点：約２４０〜３５５℃］、
Ａｓ入り鉛バビット［融点：２４７〜３５３℃］、
ハンダ例えば、Ｐｂ−Ｓｎ系ハンダ［融点：１８３〜３０１℃］、ｓｎ-Ｂｉ-Ｐｂ系ハンダ（商品名：Ｂｉ１３０ハンダ）［融点：９９〜１３９℃］、Ｐｂフリーのスズ-銀-銅系ハンダ（商品名：Ｓｎ９７Ｃ）［融点：２１８〜２１９℃］などが挙げられる。
前記焼き鈍し温度が３００〜７００℃の範囲にある金属(ii)としては、四六黄銅［融点：９０５℃、焼き鈍し温度：４２５〜６００℃］、三七黄銅［融点：９５０℃、焼き鈍し温度：４２５〜７００℃］、（洋白、青銅）などが挙げられる。洋白その他の銅合金も、上記黄銅などとほぼ同程度の焼き鈍し温度を有している。
これらの金属（ii）のうちでは、その融点あるいは軟化点が低いほど望ましい。 In the present invention, the metal (i) having a melting point in the range of 200 to 650 ° C.
Duralumin [melting point: about 650 ° C.] which is a copper-based aluminum alloy (aluminum (Al) / copper (Cu) / magnesium (Mg) -based alloy, No. 2000 series),
Al—Si—Cu—Mg based Y alloy [melting point: 550 to 640 ° C.],
Silmine (example: Al-Si 13 alloy) [melting point: 575-585 ° C],
White metal (alloy composition is, for example, lead-antimony-copper type or tin-antimony-copper type 1 to 10 type white metal [melting point: about 240 to 355 ° C.],
As-containing lead baby bit [melting point: 247-353 ° C.],
Solder For example, Pb—Sn solder (melting point: 183 to 301 ° C.), sn—Bi—Pb solder (trade name: Bi130 solder) [melting point: 99 to 139 ° C.], Pb-free tin-silver-copper solder (Trade name: Sn97C) [melting point: 218 to 219 ° C.] and the like.
Examples of the metal (ii) having an annealing temperature in the range of 300 to 700 ° C. include fourty-six brass [melting point: 905 ° C., annealing temperature: 425 to 600 ° C.], three-seven brass [melting point: 950 ° C., annealing temperature: 425. ˜700 ° C.], (white, bronze) and the like. Western white and other copper alloys also have an annealing temperature substantially the same as that of the brass.
Of these metals (ii), the lower the melting point or softening point, the better.

本発明では、どのような融点や焼き鈍し温度の金属（合金）を用いると、どのような温度のどのような内部流体のシール性が良好となるのかという観点では、金属(合金)としては、下記のような条件を満たすものを選択することが望ましい。
１）金属としては、内部流体の使用温度下で溶融していれば良い。
２）金属としては、使用温度下で溶融してなくても軟化していれば良い。
３）相対的には金属としては、使用温度下で１）の溶融状態であるものの方が２）の軟化状態であるものより良い。（溶融状態の方が理論的に流体を完全に遮断できるので良い。）
４）例えば内部流体１００が上述したような高温、例えば４００℃あるいはそれ以上の温度の空気である場合は、少なくとも４００℃では、金属は、溶融または軟化する必要がある。なお、４００℃未満で金属が溶融または軟化しても問題はない。
５）例えば、内部流体１００が上述したような高温、例えば、６００℃あるいはそれ以上の温度の蒸気である場合は、少なくとも約６００℃で、金属は、溶融または軟化する必要がある。なお、約６００℃未満で溶融または軟化しても問題はない。
６）以上の点を総合的に考慮すると、６００℃以上の特定の温度（６００℃＋αの温度、α＞０℃）が、金属の融点または焼き鈍し温度の上限となる。
７）断熱材に用いられる金属は、使用温度範囲の領域（〜８００℃付近まで）に沸点を持たない材料であることはいうまでもない。通常の金属であればこの条件は満たされるから、実質的にみて、断熱材として用いる金属の備えるべき条件としては、融点・焼き鈍し温度が低ければ低いほど良いということである。低ければ、それだけ低温領域にまで発明の効果が及ぶからである。したがって金属の融点・焼き鈍し温度の下限値は特に制限されない。なお、「（現実に存在する金属の最も低い融点・焼き鈍し温度）−α（α＞０℃）」をその下限値とすることも可能であるが技術的な意義は特にない。 In the present invention, from the viewpoint of what kind of melting point and annealing temperature of the metal (alloy), what kind of temperature and what kind of internal fluid has good sealing properties, the metal (alloy) is as follows. It is desirable to select one that satisfies the following conditions.
1) The metal only needs to be melted at the use temperature of the internal fluid.
2) As a metal, what is necessary is just to soften even if it does not melt | dissolve under use temperature.
3) As a metal, the metal 1) in the molten state is better than the metal 2) in the softened state at the use temperature. (The molten state can theoretically completely shut off the fluid.)
4) For example, if the internal fluid 100 is air as described above, such as air at a high temperature, such as 400 ° C. or higher, at least 400 ° C., the metal needs to melt or soften. It should be noted that there is no problem even if the metal melts or softens below 400 ° C.
5) For example, if the internal fluid 100 is a high temperature vapor as described above, eg, 600 ° C. or higher, the metal must melt or soften at least about 600 ° C. It should be noted that there is no problem if it is melted or softened below about 600 ° C.
6) Considering the above points comprehensively, a specific temperature of 600 ° C. or higher (temperature of 600 ° C. + α, α> 0 ° C.) is the upper limit of the melting point or annealing temperature of the metal.
7) It goes without saying that the metal used for the heat insulating material is a material having no boiling point in the operating temperature range (up to about 800 ° C.). Since this condition is satisfied for ordinary metals, in practice, the condition to be provided for the metal used as the heat insulating material is that the lower the melting point / annealing temperature, the better. This is because the effect of the invention extends to a low temperature region as much as it is low. Therefore, the lower limit of the melting point / annealing temperature of the metal is not particularly limited. Note that “(the lowest melting point / annealing temperature of an actual metal) −α (α> 0 ° C.)” can be set as the lower limit, but there is no particular technical significance.

本発明においては、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２と上記遮断材６２、７２とを組合わせて用いているので、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の高温、高圧下でのシール性がさらに向上し、酸素存在下で７００℃を超える使用温度下においても、長期間にわたり安定したシール性能を維持できる密封装置が提供される。
＜内部流体１００、外部流体＞
なお、内部流体１００、外部流体の種類、状態としては、上記したように酸素、空気、水蒸気、熱水など、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２に対して酸化剤として機能するような液体、ガスなどの流動性のものが挙げられるが、流動性を有する限りこれらに限定されない。 In the present invention, since the expanded graphite gasket 52 and the blocking materials 62 and 72 are used in combination, the sealing performance of the expanded graphite gasket 52 under high temperature and high pressure is further improved, and in the presence of oxygen. There is provided a sealing device capable of maintaining a stable sealing performance over a long period of time even at a use temperature exceeding 700 ° C.
<Internal fluid 100, external fluid>
Note that the types and states of the internal fluid 100 and the external fluid include oxygen, air, water vapor, hot water, and the like, as described above, such as a liquid or gas that functions as an oxidizing agent for the expanded graphite gasket 52. However, it is not limited to these as long as it has fluidity.

これら内部流体１００、外部流体は、何れも「正圧（加圧）状態」で管体１内あるいは管体１外を流通していることが必要である。
もし「負圧（減圧）状態」で高温流体１００が管体１の内部を流通すると、その熱で軟化、溶融した遮断材６２は、フランジ２０、３０間の空隙部９０Ｄを経由して管体１内に流入し、内部流体１００と混在し、内部流体１００を汚染等する恐れが生じてくると共に、内周側遮断材６２の流失により内部流体１００の熱、酸化雰囲気下に膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２が直接さらされるようになる結果、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２は酸化劣化が促進され、シール性が損なわれてしまう。 Both the internal fluid 100 and the external fluid need to circulate in the tube 1 or outside the tube 1 in a “positive pressure (pressurized) state”.
If the high-temperature fluid 100 flows through the inside of the tube body 1 in the “negative pressure (depressurized) state”, the shielding material 62 softened and melted by the heat passes through the gap portion 90D between the flanges 20 and 30 to the tube body. 1 flows into the internal fluid 100 and mixes with the internal fluid 100 to cause contamination of the internal fluid 100, and the gasket made of expanded graphite under the heat and oxidizing atmosphere of the internal fluid 100 due to the loss of the inner peripheral side blocking material 62. As a result of direct exposure of 52, the expanded graphite gasket 52 is promoted to be oxidized and deteriorated in sealing performance.

これと同様に高温の外部流体が「負圧状態」で管体１の外部に存在すると、その熱で軟化、溶融した遮断材７２は、フランジ２０、３０間の空隙部９０（９０Ａ）を経由して管体１外に流出し、外部流体と混在し、外部流体を汚染等する恐れが生じてくると共に、外部流体の熱、酸化雰囲気下に膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２が直接さらされるようになる結果、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２は酸化劣化し、シール性が損なわれてしまう。   Similarly, when a high-temperature external fluid exists in the “negative pressure state” outside the tube body 1, the shielding material 72 softened and melted by the heat passes through the gap portion 90 (90 </ b> A) between the flanges 20 and 30. As a result, it flows out of the tube 1 and mixes with the external fluid, which may contaminate the external fluid, and the expanded graphite gasket 52 is directly exposed to the heat and oxidizing atmosphere of the external fluid. As a result, the expanded graphite gasket 52 is oxidized and deteriorated, and the sealing performance is impaired.

また、内部流体１００、あるいは外部流体の温度は、通常、常温〜７００℃を超え、８００℃までの範囲であってもよい。本発明の密封装置１０では、内周側遮断材６２および外周側遮断材７２が介在することにより、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２は不活性雰囲気中において使用されるため、この密封装置１０は、７００℃を越える高温下でも使用可能である。例えば、内部流体１００、外部流体中に酸素が存在するような条件下においても、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２は酸素により酸化（燃焼）されないため、使用温度範囲が限定されず、例えば内部流体１００、外部流体が空気であっても、この空気中において４００℃以上の温度、例えば、４００〜８００℃の温度で使用でき、また水蒸気中においても６５０℃以上の温度、例えば、６５０〜８００℃の温度で使用できる。
［第２の密封装置］
次に、図２に示す第２の密封装置について説明すると、第２の密封装置１０Ａでは、管体１の第1の部材としての第１のフランジ継手２０と第２の部材としての第２のフランジ
継手３０間に形成された膨張黒鉛製シール部材としての膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の装着溝５０の内周側にのみ、遮断材６２用の装着溝(内周側装着溝)６０を形成している点以外は、前記図１に示す第１の密封装置１０の場合と同様である。言い換えれば、この密封装置１０Ａでは、第１の密封装置１０と比して、膨張黒鉛製シール部材としての膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の装着溝５０の外周側には、遮断材７２用の装着溝(外周側装着溝)７０を設けず、遮断材７２も配設しない点以外は、密封装置１０の場合と同様である。
このような密封装置１０Ａは、内部流体１００が第１の密封装置１０の場合と同様であり、外部流体が酸素などを含まない非酸化性の高温（例：４００〜７００℃）の加圧流体である場合や、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の酸化劣化が生じないような４００℃以下の温度の空気などである場合に好適に使用される。
［第３の密封装置］
次に、図３に示す第３の密封装置について説明すると、第３の密封装置１０Ｂでは、管体１の第1の部材としての第１のフランジ継手２０と第２の部材としての第２のフランジ
継手３０間に形成された膨張黒鉛製シール部材としての膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の装着溝５０の外周側にのみ、遮断材７２用の装着溝(内周側装着溝)７０を形成している点以外は、前記図１に示す第１の密封装置１０の場合と同様である。言い換えれば、この密封装置１０Ｂでは、第１の密封装置１０と比して、膨張黒鉛製シール部材としての膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の装着溝５０の内周側には、遮断材６２用の装着溝(外周側装着溝)６０を設けず、遮断材６２も配設しない点以外は、密封装置１０の場合と同様である。
このような密封装置１０Ａは、第２の密封装置１０Ａにおける内部流体１００と外部流体とが入れ替わったような状態の場合に好適使用でき、外部流体が第１の密封装置１０の場合と同様であり、内部流体１００が酸素などを含まない非酸化性の高温加圧流体、あるいは膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の酸化劣化が生じないような４００℃以下の温度の空気などである場合に好適に使用される。
［密封装置の製造］
このような密封装置１０、１０Ａ、１０Ｂは、何れも従来より公知の方法を適宜組合わせることにより容易に製造可能である。すなわち、フランジ部に配設されている膨張黒鉛製ガスケットの内周側および/または外周側に、上記内周側装着溝６０および/または外周側装着溝７０を形成し、そこに内周側遮断材６２および/または外周側遮断材７２を装着
した状態で、第１のフランジ継手２０と第２のフランジ継手３０とをボルト・ナットなどの締結具１１０にて堅固に締結すればよい。 Moreover, the temperature of the internal fluid 100 or the external fluid is usually in a range from room temperature to over 700 ° C. up to 800 ° C. In the sealing device 10 of the present invention, the expanded graphite gasket 52 is used in an inert atmosphere due to the inner peripheral side blocking material 62 and the outer peripheral side blocking material 72 being interposed. It can be used even at high temperatures exceeding. For example, even under conditions where oxygen is present in the internal fluid 100 and the external fluid, the expanded graphite gasket 52 is not oxidized (combusted) by oxygen, so the operating temperature range is not limited. Even if the fluid is air, it can be used in this air at a temperature of 400 ° C. or higher, for example, 400 to 800 ° C., and also in water vapor at a temperature of 650 ° C. or higher, for example, 650 to 800 ° C. Can be used.
[Second sealing device]
Next, the second sealing device shown in FIG. 2 will be described. In the second sealing device 10A, the first flange joint 20 as the first member of the tube body 1 and the second flange as the second member. A mounting groove (inner peripheral side mounting groove) 60 for the blocking material 62 is formed only on the inner peripheral side of the mounting groove 50 of the expanded graphite gasket 52 as an expanded graphite sealing member formed between the flange joints 30. Except for the point, it is the same as that of the case of the 1st sealing device 10 shown in the said FIG. In other words, in this sealing device 10 </ b> A, compared to the first sealing device 10, the mounting groove for the blocking material 72 (on the outer peripheral side of the mounting groove 50 of the expanded graphite gasket 52 as the expanded graphite sealing member ( The outer peripheral side mounting groove) 70 is not provided, and the blocking member 72 is not provided.
Such a sealing device 10A is similar to the case where the internal fluid 100 is the first sealing device 10, and the external fluid is a non-oxidizing high-temperature (eg, 400 to 700 ° C.) pressurized fluid that does not contain oxygen or the like. Or when the expanded graphite gasket 52 is air having a temperature of 400 ° C. or lower so as not to cause oxidative deterioration.
[Third sealing device]
Next, the third sealing device shown in FIG. 3 will be described. In the third sealing device 10B, the first flange joint 20 as the first member of the pipe body 1 and the second flange as the second member. A mounting groove (inner peripheral side mounting groove) 70 for the blocking material 72 is formed only on the outer peripheral side of the mounting groove 50 of the expanded graphite gasket 52 as the expanded graphite sealing member formed between the flange joints 30. Except for this point, the second sealing device 10 is the same as the first sealing device 10 shown in FIG. In other words, in this sealing device 10B, compared to the first sealing device 10, the mounting groove for the blocking material 62 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the mounting groove 50 of the expanded graphite gasket 52 as the expanded graphite sealing member. (Outer peripheral side mounting groove) 60 is the same as that of the sealing device 10 except that the blocking member 62 is not provided.
Such a sealing device 10 </ b> A can be suitably used when the internal fluid 100 and the external fluid in the second sealing device 10 </ b> A are interchanged, and is similar to the case where the external fluid is the first sealing device 10. It is preferably used when the internal fluid 100 is a non-oxidizing high-temperature pressurized fluid that does not contain oxygen or the like, or air at a temperature of 400 ° C. or less that does not cause oxidative deterioration of the expanded graphite gasket 52. .
[Manufacture of sealing devices]
Such sealing devices 10, 10 </ b> A, and 10 </ b> B can be easily manufactured by appropriately combining conventionally known methods. That is, the inner peripheral side mounting groove 60 and / or the outer peripheral side mounting groove 70 are formed on the inner peripheral side and / or outer peripheral side of the expanded graphite gasket disposed in the flange portion, and the inner peripheral side blocking is formed there. The first flange joint 20 and the second flange joint 30 may be firmly fastened by the fasteners 110 such as bolts and nuts in a state where the material 62 and / or the outer peripheral side blocking material 72 are mounted.

この内周側装着溝６０および外周側装着溝７０は、第１のフランジ継手２０と第２のフランジ継手３０間にまたがって形成されていることが、内周側遮断材６２、外周側遮断材７２をこれら装着溝６０、７０に多量に貯留、存在させることができ、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２との接触を確実に阻止できるなどの点から望ましい。   The inner peripheral side mounting groove 60 and the outer peripheral side mounting groove 70 are formed between the first flange joint 20 and the second flange joint 30 so that the inner peripheral side blocking member 62 and the outer peripheral side blocking member 70 are formed. It is desirable from the standpoint that 72 can be stored and present in a large amount in the mounting grooves 60 and 70 and contact with the expanded graphite gasket 52 can be reliably prevented.

また、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２と内周側遮断材６２との距離ｒ１（径方向距離）や、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２と外周側遮断材７２との距離ｒ２が大きく、例えば、ｒ１、ｒ２が５〜１０ｍｍ程度である場合は、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２締め付け時のマージンが広く採れるため、フランジ締結作業性が良好となる。しかしながら、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２の耐酸化性向上の観点から、これらマージンｒ１、ｒ２が少ないほど内周側遮断材６２、外周側遮断材７２は軟化、溶融して確実に空隙９０間を埋め尽くすことができ、その結果、膨張黒鉛製ガスケット５２が良好に内部流体１００や外部流体から遮断されるため、これらマージンｒ１、ｒ２が少ないほど好ましく、例えば、ｒ１、ｒ２は何れも、２〜５ｍｍ程度に設定することが望ましい。   Also, the distance r1 (distance in the radial direction) between the expanded graphite gasket 52 and the inner peripheral blocking material 62 and the distance r2 between the expanded graphite gasket 52 and the outer peripheral blocking material 72 are large. For example, r1 and r2 are 5 When the thickness is about -10 mm, a wide margin can be taken when tightening the expanded graphite gasket 52, and the flange fastening workability is improved. However, from the viewpoint of improving the oxidation resistance of the expanded graphite gasket 52, the smaller the margins r1 and r2, the softer and molten the inner peripheral blocking member 62 and outer peripheral blocking member 72 are, so that the gaps 90 are completely filled. As a result, since the expanded graphite gasket 52 is well shielded from the internal fluid 100 and the external fluid, the margins r1 and r2 are preferably as small as possible. For example, each of r1 and r2 is about 2 to 5 mm. It is desirable to set to.

なお、上記説明においては、第１の部材と第２の部材とがフランジ継手であり、前記膨張黒鉛製シール部材が、膨張黒鉛製ガスケットである態様を例に挙げて説明したが、本発明は係る態様に限定されない。例えば、タンク本体とその上部に位置する蓋体とからなるタンクであって、タンクの外方より締結具にてこれらが互いに接合されており、第１の部材としてのタンク本体の開口縁部と、第２の部材としての蓋体の開口縁部とが、何れもフランジ部を有しない構造のものなどが挙げられる(図示せず)。   In the above description, the first member and the second member are flange joints, and the expanded graphite sealing member is an expanded graphite gasket as an example. It is not limited to the aspect which concerns. For example, a tank composed of a tank body and a lid positioned on the tank body, which are joined to each other by a fastener from the outside of the tank, and an opening edge of the tank body as a first member; In addition, a structure in which the opening edge portion of the lid body as the second member does not have a flange portion is included (not shown).

［発明の効果］
本発明によれば、酸素が存在する内部流体と、膨張黒鉛製シール材としての膨張黒鉛製ガスケットとの間、あるいは酸素が存在する外部流体と膨張黒鉛製シール材としての膨張黒鉛製ガスケットとの間に、上記特定の遮断材を介在させているので、酸素存在下で７００℃を超える使用温度下においても、長期間にわたり安定したシール性能を維持できる密封装置が提供される。 [The invention's effect]
According to the present invention, between the internal fluid in which oxygen is present and the expanded graphite gasket as the expanded graphite sealing material, or between the external fluid in which oxygen is present and the expanded graphite gasket as the expanded graphite sealing material. Since the specific barrier material is interposed therebetween, a sealing device is provided that can maintain a stable sealing performance over a long period of time even at a use temperature exceeding 700 ° C. in the presence of oxygen.

以上詳述したように、本発明に係る密封装置は、酸素存在下で７００℃を超える使用温
度下においても、長期間にわたり安定したシール性能を維持できるので、機械器具、圧力容器、配管などのフランジ部などで高温の蒸気、ガス、油、水等の流体の漏れを防ぐために使用される密封装置などとして好適に用いられる。 As described above in detail, the sealing device according to the present invention can maintain a stable sealing performance over a long period of time even at a use temperature exceeding 700 ° C. in the presence of oxygen. It is preferably used as a sealing device or the like used to prevent leakage of fluid such as high-temperature steam, gas, oil, water, etc. at the flange portion.

図１は、本発明の好ましい態様に係る第１の密封装置の部分切欠き断面図である。FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway sectional view of a first sealing device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 図２は、本発明の好ましい態様に係る第２の密封装置の部分切欠き断面図である。FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional view of a second sealing device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 図３は、本発明の好ましい態様に係る第３の密封装置の部分切欠き断面図である。FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional view of a third sealing device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１・・・・・管体、
１０・・・・・第１の密封装置、
１０Ａ・・・・・第２の密封装置、
１０Ｂ・・・・・第３の密封装置、
２０・・・・・第１のフランジ継手、
３０・・・・・第２のフランジ継手、
５０・・・・・膨張黒鉛製ガスケットの装着溝、
５２・・・・・膨張黒鉛製ガスケット、
６０・・・・・遮断材６２用の装着溝(内周側装着溝)、
６２・・・・・遮断材（内周側遮断材）、
７０・・・・・遮断材用の装着溝(外周側装着溝)、
７２・・・・・遮断材（外周側遮断材）、
８０・・・・・管体の内部（内部流体通路）、
８２・・・・・管体の外部の流体、
９０・・・・・フランジ間の空隙部、
９０Ａ・・・・・外周側遮断材の外周側空隙部、
９０Ｂ・・・・・膨張黒鉛製ガスケットと外周側遮断材との間に位置するフランジ間の空隙部、
９０Ｃ・・・・・膨張黒鉛製ガスケットと内周側遮断材との間に位置するフランジ間の空隙部、
９０Ｄ・・・・・内周側遮断材の内周側に位置するフランジ間の空隙、
９０Ｄ’・・・・・膨張黒鉛製ガスケットの内周側に位置し、内部流体の流路に通じるフランジ間の空隙、
１００・・・・・内部流体、
１１０・・・・・ボルト・ナットなどの締結具、
ｒ１・・・・・膨張黒鉛製ガスケットと内周側遮断材との間の距離、
ｒ２・・・・・膨張黒鉛製ガスケットと外周側遮断材との間の距離。 1 ... Tube,
10... First sealing device,
10A: Second sealing device,
10B: Third sealing device,
20... First flange joint,
30 ... the second flange joint,
50... Mounting groove for expanded graphite gasket,
52... Expanded graphite gasket,
60... Mounting groove (inner circumferential side mounting groove) for the blocking material 62,
62 ..blocking material (inner peripheral side blocking material),
70... Mounting groove for the shielding material (outer peripheral mounting groove)
72 .. blocking material (outer peripheral side blocking material),
80... Inside of tube (internal fluid passage),
82... Fluid outside the tube,
90 ... the gap between the flanges,
90A: the outer peripheral side gap of the outer peripheral side blocking material,
90B... A gap between flanges located between the expanded graphite gasket and the outer peripheral side blocking material,
90C: a gap between the flanges located between the expanded graphite gasket and the inner peripheral side blocking material,
90D: a gap between flanges located on the inner peripheral side of the inner peripheral blocking material,
90D '... the gap between the flanges located on the inner peripheral side of the expanded graphite gasket and leading to the flow path of the internal fluid,
100: Internal fluid,
110... Fasteners such as bolts and nuts
r1... Distance between the expanded graphite gasket and the inner peripheral blocking material,
r2: Distance between the expanded graphite gasket and the outer peripheral blocking material.

Claims (3)

第１の部材と第２の部材間に形成された膨張黒鉛製シール部材の装着溝の内周側または外周側の少なくとも何れか一方に、遮断材用の装着溝を形成し、この装着溝内に使用時の高温状態に応じて軟化または溶融する遮断材を配設して、前記第１の部材と第２の部材とを相互に締結したことを特徴とする密封装置。   A mounting groove for a blocking material is formed on at least one of the inner circumferential side and the outer circumferential side of the mounting groove of the expanded graphite sealing member formed between the first member and the second member, and the inside of the mounting groove A sealing device characterized in that the first member and the second member are fastened to each other by disposing a blocking material that softens or melts in accordance with a high temperature state during use. 前記遮断材用の装着溝は、第１の部材と第２の部材間にまたがって形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の密封装置。   The sealing device according to claim 1, wherein the mounting groove for the blocking material is formed across the first member and the second member. 前記第１の部材と第２の部材とは、フランジ継手であり、前記膨張黒鉛製シール部材は、膨張黒鉛製ガスケットである請求項１〜２の何れかに記載の密封装置。   The sealing device according to claim 1, wherein the first member and the second member are flange joints, and the expanded graphite sealing member is an expanded graphite gasket.
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CN103438306A (en) * 2013-08-23 2013-12-11 中国航天科技集团公司第六研究院第十一研究所 Sealing device of electric heat transfer test pipe fitting
JP2015140901A (en) * 2014-01-30 2015-08-03 千代田化工建設株式会社 Seal structure and seal method
JP7462545B2 (en) 2020-12-14 2024-04-05 日立Ｇｅニュークリア・エナジー株式会社 Flange connection structure and flange connection method

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