JP2005239820A - Circulating type fluidized bed gasification system - Google Patents

Circulating type fluidized bed gasification system Download PDF

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JP2005239820A
JP2005239820A JP2004049689A JP2004049689A JP2005239820A JP 2005239820 A JP2005239820 A JP 2005239820A JP 2004049689 A JP2004049689 A JP 2004049689A JP 2004049689 A JP2004049689 A JP 2004049689A JP 2005239820 A JP2005239820 A JP 2005239820A
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gasification
bed
furnace
fluidized bed
fuel
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JP4413646B2 (en
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Masami Ashizawa
正美 芦澤
Shiro Kajitani
史朗 梶谷
Hiroaki Watanabe
裕章 渡邊
Shigeru Kusama
滋 草間
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Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry
IHI Corp
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IHI Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a circulating type fluidized bed gasification system which can easily control the circulation of a bed material. <P>SOLUTION: The circulating type fluidized bed gasification system has a cylindrical gasification furnace 2 which extends from the upper part of a combustion furnace 1 for the introduction of a fuel and a bed material to the bottom 8 of the combustion furnace 1 and is open at the lower end; an air supply diffusion tube 15 which is provided at the middle stage of the combustion furnace 1 and fluidizes the introduced fuel and bed material to form a fluidized bed 14; and a steam supply injection nozzle 20 which is provided at the bottom 8 of the combustion furnace 1 and allows the bed material and unburnt fuel flowing drown from the fluidized bed 14 to move to the opening 6 of the gasification furnace 2 to move upward in the gasification furnace 2 and gasifies, during that time, the unburnt fuel or, if necessary, the fuel introduced into the gasification furnace 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、固体燃料のガス化を行う循環型流動層ガス化システムに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a circulating fluidized bed gasification system that gasifies solid fuel.

従来、固体燃料のガス化は、燃料を燃焼し、その熱を用いて水蒸気の存在下で燃料を熱分解（還元反応）して、水素、一酸化炭素などのガス化ガスを生成することで行われる。このガス化過程において、燃料を空気で燃焼させると同時に、ガス化反応を行うと、ガス化ガス中に大量の窒素が含まれてしまう。そのため、このガス化ガスをガスエンジン、ガスタービンもしくは燃料電池などに供給して発電に用いる場合には、十分な熱量を得ることができず、発電効率が悪化する。そこで、特許文献１に示されるように、燃料を空気で流動化、燃焼させる燃焼部と、燃料を熱分解するガス化部とを分離して形成し、未燃燃料と燃焼部で加熱されたベット材とをガス化部に導入し、この加熱されたベット材をガス化部の熱源として用い、かつガス化部に水蒸気を供給し流動化させることで、ガス化反応を行うことが提案されている。   Conventionally, gasification of solid fuels involves burning fuel and using the heat to pyrolyze (reduction reaction) the fuel in the presence of water vapor to produce gasified gases such as hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Done. In this gasification process, if the fuel is burned with air and a gasification reaction is performed at the same time, a large amount of nitrogen is contained in the gasification gas. Therefore, when this gasified gas is supplied to a gas engine, a gas turbine, a fuel cell, or the like and used for power generation, a sufficient amount of heat cannot be obtained and power generation efficiency deteriorates. Therefore, as shown in Patent Document 1, a combustion part that fluidizes and burns fuel with air and a gasification part that thermally decomposes fuel are formed separately, and heated by unburned fuel and the combustion part. It has been proposed to perform a gasification reaction by introducing a bed material into the gasification section, using the heated bed material as a heat source for the gasification section, and supplying water vapor to the gasification section to cause fluidization. ing.

この特許文献１に記載されたガス発生装置においては、燃焼部とガス化部とが分離しているため、窒素を含まない濃度の高いガス化ガスを得ることができる。   In the gas generator described in this patent document 1, since the combustion part and the gasification part have isolate | separated, the gasification gas with a high density | concentration which does not contain nitrogen can be obtained.

特開２００３−１７１６７３号公報JP 2003-171673 A

しかしながら、特許文献１に記載されたガス発生装置では、空気の流入を防止するために、ベット材が燃焼部からガス化部へ移動する際の経路が複雑に構成されており、ベット材を燃焼部からガス化部へと容易に移動させることができず、ベット材の循環量制御が困難であり、効率が低い。また、燃焼部とガス化部とを横に並べて配置するため、広い設置面積を必要とする。   However, in the gas generator described in Patent Document 1, in order to prevent the inflow of air, a path when the bed material moves from the combustion section to the gasification section is configured in a complicated manner, and the bed material is burned. It is not possible to easily move from the head portion to the gasification portion, and it is difficult to control the circulation amount of the bed material, and the efficiency is low. Moreover, since a combustion part and a gasification part are arranged side by side, a large installation area is required.

そこで、特願２００３−２０１８２６号（発明の名称；流動層ガス化システム）に示すような外部循環型流動層ガス化システムが提案されている。この外部循環型流動層ガス化システムでは、燃焼部を高速流動層として、ガス化部と別体で構成し、燃焼部でベット材を燃料とともに上昇させかつ燃焼部から排出し、燃焼部下流側に設けたサイクロンにより回収し、ベット材をガス化部に落下させて移動させることが示されている。この外部循環型流動層ガス化システムでは、ベット材をサイクロンで回収するため、ベット材を排ガスから分離し、燃焼部からガス化部へと重力にて確実に移動可能であり、ベット材の循環制御量が容易である。しかしながら、燃焼部が高速流動層であるため、燃焼によりベット材へ十分な熱量を与えるためには、燃焼部の高さを十分高く取らなければならず装置が大型化し、小規模な施設には適さない。また、ベット材が燃焼部からサイクロンを経てガス化部へと移動する際に、熱ロスが生じ効率が低下する懸念がある。   Then, an external circulation type fluidized bed gasification system as shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-201826 (Title of Invention: Fluidized Bed Gasification System) has been proposed. In this external circulation type fluidized bed gasification system, the combustion section is a high-speed fluidized bed, and is configured separately from the gasification section. In the combustion section, the bed material is raised together with the fuel and discharged from the combustion section. It is shown that the bed material is dropped and moved to the gasification section by collecting with the cyclone provided in the above. In this external circulation fluidized bed gasification system, the bed material is recovered by the cyclone, so the bed material can be separated from the exhaust gas and reliably moved by gravity from the combustion section to the gasification section. Control amount is easy. However, since the combustion section is a high-speed fluidized bed, in order to give a sufficient amount of heat to the bed material by combustion, the height of the combustion section has to be taken high enough, and the apparatus becomes large, and for small facilities Not suitable. Further, when the bed material moves from the combustion section through the cyclone to the gasification section, there is a concern that heat loss occurs and efficiency is lowered.

そこで、本発明の目的は、上記課題を解決し、ベット材の循環制御を容易に行うことができ、かつ高効率で小型化可能なガス化システムを提供することにある。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a gasification system that solves the above-described problems, can easily control the circulation of the bed material, and can be miniaturized with high efficiency.

上記目的を達成するための請求項１に係る本発明は、燃料とベット材とが投入される燃焼炉の上部より、上記燃焼炉の底部にかけて延び、かつ下端が開口した筒状のガス化炉を設け、上記燃焼炉の中段に、投入された燃料とベット材とを流動化させて流動層を形成するための空気供給用散気管を設け、上記燃焼炉の底部に、上記流動層から流下し、上記ガス化炉の開口部に移動した上記ベット材と未燃燃料とを、上記ガス化炉内で上昇移動させその間に上記未燃燃料あるいは必要に応じて上記ガス化炉内に投入される燃料のガス化を行う水蒸気供給用噴射ノズルを設けたものである。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention according to claim 1 is a cylindrical gasification furnace extending from an upper part of a combustion furnace into which fuel and a bed material are charged to a bottom part of the combustion furnace and having an open lower end. An air supply air diffuser for fluidizing the injected fuel and the bed material to form a fluidized bed is provided in the middle stage of the combustion furnace, and flows down from the fluidized bed at the bottom of the combustion furnace. Then, the bed material and unburned fuel moved to the opening of the gasification furnace are moved up in the gasification furnace, and the unburned fuel or, if necessary, charged into the gasification furnace. A water vapor supply injection nozzle for gasifying the fuel is provided.

上記目的を達成するための請求項２に係る本発明は、上記ガス化炉の下流側には、生成したガス化ガスとベット材とを分離するベット材分離用サイクロンが接続され、上記分離されたベット材が上記燃焼炉に投入されるものである。   According to a second aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, a cyclone for separating a bed material for separating a generated gasification gas and a bed material is connected to the downstream side of the gasification furnace, and the separation is performed. The bed material is put into the combustion furnace.

上記目的を達成するための請求項３に係る本発明は、上記空気供給用散気管は、その上方で上記燃料と上記ベット材の上記流動層を形成し、その下方から上記燃焼炉の底部にかけて、上記未燃燃料とベット材との移動層を形成すると共に、その移動層により上記空気供給用散気管から供給される空気が上記ガス化炉へ、上記ガス化炉で生成したガス化ガスが上記燃焼炉へ流れないようにマテリアルシールが形成されるものである。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the air supply air diffuser tube forms the fluidized bed of the fuel and the bed material above the air diffusion pipe and extends from below to the bottom of the combustion furnace. In addition to forming a moving bed of the unburned fuel and the bed material, the gas supplied from the air supply air diffuser by the moving bed to the gasifier, and the gasified gas generated in the gasifier is A material seal is formed so as not to flow to the combustion furnace.

上記目的を達成するための請求項４に係る本発明は、上記水蒸気供給用噴射ノズルから供給される水蒸気は、上記燃焼炉などから抽気された排ガスからの熱回収により製造されるものである。   The present invention according to claim 4 for achieving the above object is that the steam supplied from the steam supply injection nozzle is produced by heat recovery from the exhaust gas extracted from the combustion furnace or the like.

本発明によれば、以下のような優れた効果を発揮するものである。     According to the present invention, the following excellent effects are exhibited.

（１）ベット材の加熱を行う流動層より下方にガス化炉の開口部を設けることで、ベット材を重力により自然に移動させることができる。   (1) By providing the opening of the gasification furnace below the fluidized bed that heats the bed material, the bed material can be naturally moved by gravity.

（２）流動層よりベット材を流下させることで、流動層とガス化炉開口部との間にマテリアルシールが形成され、燃焼炉とガス化炉との間のガスの流れを遮断することができる。   (2) By letting the bed material flow down from the fluidized bed, a material seal is formed between the fluidized bed and the gasifier opening, and the gas flow between the combustion furnace and the gasifier is blocked. it can.

（３）ガス化炉への排気ガスなどの流入を遮断することで、窒素濃度が低く、発熱量が高い生成ガスを得ることができ、生成ガス用途先において利用効率を高められる。   (3) By blocking the inflow of exhaust gas or the like into the gasification furnace, a product gas having a low nitrogen concentration and a high calorific value can be obtained, and utilization efficiency can be enhanced at the product gas application destination.

以下、本発明の好適な一実施形態を添付図面に基づいて詳述する。   Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図１は、実施形態の循環型流動層ガス化システムの構成図を示す。   Drawing 1 shows the lineblock diagram of the circulation type fluidized-bed gasification system of an embodiment.

本実施形態の循環型流動層ガス化システムは、コーヒーかすなどのバイオマス、石炭などを燃料として用い、燃料の燃焼を行う燃焼炉１と燃料のガス化を行うガス化炉２とを各々分離して形成される。また、燃焼炉１の熱をガス化炉２へ伝える媒体として硅砂などのベット材を用い、これを循環させるように構成されたものである。   The circulating fluidized bed gasification system of this embodiment uses biomass such as coffee grounds, coal, and the like as fuel, and separates a combustion furnace 1 that burns fuel and a gasification furnace 2 that gasifies fuel. Formed. Further, a bed material such as dredged sand is used as a medium for transferring the heat of the combustion furnace 1 to the gasification furnace 2 and is circulated.

図１に示すように、本実施形態の循環型流動層ガス化システムは、燃焼炉１と、ガス化炉２とを備える。   As shown in FIG. 1, the circulating fluidized bed gasification system of the present embodiment includes a combustion furnace 1 and a gasification furnace 2.

燃焼炉１は、断面が略正方形の胴部４と、この胴部４の下方に形成された下向きに狭まる収集部５とからなっている。   The combustion furnace 1 includes a body portion 4 having a substantially square cross section, and a collecting portion 5 that is formed below the body portion 4 and narrows downward.

ガス化炉２は、下端において下向きに広がる開口部６を有する筒状に形成され、燃焼炉１内へ配置される。   The gasification furnace 2 is formed in a cylindrical shape having an opening 6 that extends downward at the lower end, and is disposed in the combustion furnace 1.

ガス化炉２下端の開口部６は、燃焼炉１の底部８と対向するように配置され、上部は、燃焼炉１の頂部を越えて延出するように設けられる。   The opening 6 at the lower end of the gasification furnace 2 is disposed so as to face the bottom 8 of the combustion furnace 1, and the upper part is provided so as to extend beyond the top of the combustion furnace 1.

燃焼炉１の頂部には、燃料を投入するための燃焼用燃料供給ライン９が設けられると共に燃焼排ガスを排出するための排気路１０が接続される。排気路１０には、排ガスよりチャー（固形分）を分離した後、そのチャーを再び燃焼炉１へと戻すためのチャー分離用サイクロン１１が接続され、そのチャー分離用サイクロン１１には、排ガスより微粉（灰）を分離するための微粉分離サイクロン１２が接続される。   A combustion fuel supply line 9 for supplying fuel is provided at the top of the combustion furnace 1 and an exhaust passage 10 for discharging combustion exhaust gas is connected. A char separation cyclone 11 is connected to the exhaust passage 10 for separating char (solid content) from the exhaust gas and then returning the char to the combustion furnace 1 again. A fine powder separation cyclone 12 for separating fine powder (ash) is connected.

燃焼炉１の中段には、投入された燃料とベット材とを流動化させて流動層１４（燃焼部）を形成するための空気供給用散気管１５が設けられる。空気供給用散気管１５は、外部の空気供給用装置（図示せず）に接続された、燃焼炉１の壁面を貫通する空気供給パイプ１６と、この空気供給パイプ１６に接続され、燃焼炉１の水平断面にくまなく配置された散気パイプ１８と、この散気パイプ１８の上部に接続され、複数の微小な空気供給口（図示せず）が形成された複数のノズル１９とから構成される。   The middle stage of the combustion furnace 1 is provided with an air supply air diffuser 15 for fluidizing the injected fuel and the bed material to form a fluidized bed 14 (combustion part). The air supply diffusing pipe 15 is connected to an external air supply device (not shown) and penetrates the wall surface of the combustion furnace 1, and is connected to the air supply pipe 16. The diffuser pipe 18 is disposed throughout the horizontal cross section of the gas diffuser, and a plurality of nozzles 19 connected to the upper portion of the diffuser pipe 18 and formed with a plurality of minute air supply ports (not shown). The

燃焼炉１の底部８の中心には、ガス化炉２の開口部６に位置し、そのガス化炉２内へ水蒸気を上向きに噴出する水蒸気供給用噴射ノズル２０が設けられ、その水蒸気供給用噴射ノズル２０の周辺には、水蒸気供給用散気管２１が設けられる。水蒸気供給用散気管２１は、外部の水蒸気供給用装置（図示せず）に接続された水蒸気供給パイプ２２と、この水蒸気供給パイプ２２の上部に接続された、環状の水蒸気散気パイプ２４と、水蒸気散気パイプ２４に接続された複数のノズル２５とから構成される。   At the center of the bottom 8 of the combustion furnace 1, there is provided a water vapor supply injection nozzle 20 that is located in the opening 6 of the gasification furnace 2 and injects water vapor upward into the gasification furnace 2. A water vapor supply air diffuser 21 is provided around the injection nozzle 20. The steam supply diffuser pipe 21 includes a steam supply pipe 22 connected to an external steam supply device (not shown), an annular steam diffuser pipe 24 connected to the upper portion of the steam supply pipe 22, The plurality of nozzles 25 are connected to the water vapor diffusion pipe 24.

水蒸気供給用噴射ノズル２０から噴射される水蒸気は、燃料とベット材とを高速流動化させつつ、ガス化炉２内を上昇させることができるように供給され、また水蒸気供給用散気管２１から供給される水蒸気は、ベット材と燃料とを浮遊化させてガス化炉２の開口部６に導くことができるように供給される。   The water vapor injected from the water vapor supply injection nozzle 20 is supplied so that the inside of the gasification furnace 2 can be raised while fluidizing the fuel and the bed material at high speed, and is supplied from the air supply pipe 21 for supplying water vapor. The steam to be supplied is supplied so that the bed material and the fuel can be floated and guided to the opening 6 of the gasification furnace 2.

ガス化炉２の中段には、ガス化炉２に燃料を必要に応じて投下するためのガス化用燃料供給路３０が設けられる。   A gasification fuel supply path 30 for dropping fuel into the gasification furnace 2 as necessary is provided in the middle stage of the gasification furnace 2.

ガス化炉２の下流端には、生成されたガス化ガスよりベット材を分離するためのベット材分離用サイクロン３１が接続される。このベット材分離用サイクロン３１には、燃焼炉１上部と連通するベット材戻し路３２と、ベット材が分離されたガス化ガスよりさらに、微粉（灰）を分離するための微粉分離用サイクロン３４が接続される。   Connected to the downstream end of the gasification furnace 2 is a bed material separation cyclone 31 for separating the bed material from the generated gasification gas. The bed material separation cyclone 31 includes a bed material return path 32 communicating with the upper portion of the combustion furnace 1 and a fine powder separation cyclone 34 for separating fine powder (ash) from the gasified gas from which the bed material is separated. Is connected.

次に、本実施形態に係る循環型流動層ガス化システムの作用を説明する。   Next, the operation of the circulating fluidized bed gasification system according to this embodiment will be described.

燃焼炉１には予め空気供給用散気管１５の上方までベット材が充填され、その後燃焼炉１の上部の燃焼用燃料供給路９より、バイオマスなどの燃料が投入される。燃料とベット材とは、空気供給用散気管１５より供給される空気により流動化されて、流動層１４が形成され、燃料が燃焼される。燃焼排ガスは、排気路１０より排出され、チャー分離用サイクロン１１で排ガスに含まれる固形分（チャー）が分離され、燃焼炉１へ戻され、固形分が分離された燃焼排ガスは、後段の微粉分離サイクロン１２で微粉（灰）が分離されて排出される。   The combustion furnace 1 is preliminarily filled with the bed material above the air supply diffuser tube 15, and then fuel such as biomass is introduced from the combustion fuel supply passage 9 at the top of the combustion furnace 1. The fuel and the bed material are fluidized by the air supplied from the air supply air diffusion pipe 15 to form the fluidized bed 14 and the fuel is combusted. The combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust passage 10, the solid content (char) contained in the exhaust gas is separated by the char separation cyclone 11, returned to the combustion furnace 1, and the combustion exhaust gas from which the solid content is separated is a fine powder in the latter stage Fine powder (ash) is separated and discharged by the separation cyclone 12.

流動層１４では、燃料が約８００℃で燃焼されると共にベット材が加熱される。このベット材と未燃燃料とは、空気供給用散気管１５の下方に流下し、燃焼炉１の収集部５、底部８にかけて、移動層３５を形成する。   In the fluidized bed 14, the fuel is combusted at about 800 ° C. and the bed material is heated. The bed material and unburned fuel flow down below the air supply diffuser 15 and form a moving bed 35 over the collection unit 5 and the bottom 8 of the combustion furnace 1.

底部８に収集されたベット材と未燃燃料とは、水蒸気供給用散気管２１により浮遊化され、水蒸気供給用噴射ノズル２０から噴出する水蒸気（約４００℃）のジェットによりガス化炉２へ導かれる。   The bed material and unburned fuel collected at the bottom 8 are floated by the steam supply diffuser pipe 21 and introduced to the gasification furnace 2 by the steam (about 400 ° C.) jetted from the steam supply injection nozzle 20. It is burned.

ガス化炉２内に導かれたベット材と未燃燃料とに加え、ガス化炉２へガス化用燃料供給路３０よりさらに燃料が投入される。これら燃料とベット材とは、水蒸気供給用噴射ノズル２０より噴出される水蒸気のジェットにより、ガス化炉２内にて高速流動化されながら上昇し、その間に、熱分解（還元）反応（約８００℃）および水蒸気ガス化（還元）（約８００℃）が行われる。これらの反応により、燃料から水素、一酸化炭素、メタンなどの水性ガスからなるガス化ガス（可燃性ガス）が生成される。この熱分解反応と水蒸気ガス化反応（水性ガス反応）は、吸熱反応であり、ガス化炉２内に導入されたベット材の熱量で反応が行われると共に、ガス化炉２を取り巻く流動層１４、移動層３５から伝わる熱量でも反応が行われる。   In addition to the bed material and unburned fuel introduced into the gasification furnace 2, fuel is further fed into the gasification furnace 2 from the gasification fuel supply path 30. The fuel and the bed material rise while being fluidized at a high speed in the gasification furnace 2 by a steam jet ejected from the steam supply injection nozzle 20, and during that time, a thermal decomposition (reduction) reaction (about 800). ° C) and steam gasification (reduction) (about 800 ° C). By these reactions, gasified gas (combustible gas) composed of water, such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane is generated from the fuel. The pyrolysis reaction and the steam gasification reaction (water gas reaction) are endothermic reactions, and the reaction is performed by the amount of heat of the bed material introduced into the gasification furnace 2 and the fluidized bed 14 surrounding the gasification furnace 2. The reaction is also performed with the amount of heat transmitted from the moving bed 35.

熱分解反応および水蒸気ガス化反応により生成されたガス化ガスは、ベット材分離用サイクロン３１へ流入して、ベット材が分離され、微粉分離用サイクロン３４で微粉（灰）が取り除かれ、さらに図示していないが、水蒸気分が取り除かれた後、ガスタービンなどに供給され発電利用される他、有効成分（一酸化炭素、水素、メタン）が抽出され合成ガス利用される。   The gasified gas generated by the pyrolysis reaction and the steam gasification reaction flows into the bed material separation cyclone 31 to separate the bed material, and the fine powder (ash) is removed by the fine powder separation cyclone 34. Although not shown, after the water vapor content is removed, it is supplied to a gas turbine and used for power generation, and the active components (carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane) are extracted and used as synthesis gas.

ベット材分離用サイクロン３１で分離されたベット材は、ベット材戻し路３２を通り、再び燃焼炉１へと戻される。   The bed material separated by the bed material separation cyclone 31 passes through the bed material return path 32 and is returned to the combustion furnace 1 again.

このように、燃焼炉１内にガス化炉２を設け、燃焼炉１の中段の上方に流動層１４を形成し、その下方にベット材（一部未燃燃料を含む）からなる移動層３５を形成することで、流動層１５で熱せられたベット材を、重力の力のみで移動層３５からガス化炉２へ自然に導入できるので、熱の移動が確実に行えると共にその移動循環量を容易に制御することができる。さらに、ベット材を流動層１５から直接的にガス化炉２へ流入させることができるので、熱ロスが少なく高効率である。また、移動層３５はマテリアルシールとなるため、燃焼炉１の排ガスのガス化炉２への流入を遮断できると共にガス化炉２で生成したガス化ガスや水蒸気が流動層１４側へ移動することを抑制できる。
従って、ガス化炉２内への空気の流入が遮断されることで、窒素濃度が低く発熱量やカロリーの高いガス化ガスを得ることができ、ガス化炉２の冷ガス効率の向上と発電利用や合成ガス利用などの生成ガス用途においての利用効率の向上とを図ることができるという効果がある。 As described above, the gasification furnace 2 is provided in the combustion furnace 1, the fluidized bed 14 is formed above the middle stage of the combustion furnace 1, and the moving bed 35 made of a bed material (including partially unburned fuel) is provided below the fluidized bed 14. Since the bed material heated in the fluidized bed 15 can be naturally introduced from the moving bed 35 to the gasification furnace 2 only by the force of gravity, the heat can be reliably transferred and the moving circulation amount can be reduced. It can be controlled easily. Further, since the bed material can be directly flowed into the gasification furnace 2 from the fluidized bed 15, the heat loss is small and the efficiency is high. Moreover, since the moving bed 35 serves as a material seal, the inflow of the exhaust gas from the combustion furnace 1 to the gasification furnace 2 can be blocked, and the gasification gas and water vapor generated in the gasification furnace 2 can move to the fluidized bed 14 side. Can be suppressed.
Therefore, by shutting off the inflow of air into the gasification furnace 2, a gasification gas having a low nitrogen concentration and a high calorific value and high calorie can be obtained, improving the cold gas efficiency of the gasification furnace 2 and generating electricity. There is an effect that it is possible to improve the utilization efficiency in the use of generated gas such as utilization and synthesis gas.

加えて、ガス化炉２を燃焼炉１内に配置することで、ガス化炉２を効率よく冷却できるという効果と、設置面積が小さくなるという効果がある。   In addition, by arranging the gasification furnace 2 in the combustion furnace 1, there is an effect that the gasification furnace 2 can be efficiently cooled and an installation area is reduced.

なお、水蒸気供給用噴射ノズル２０および水蒸気供給用散気管２１から供給されるガス化のための水蒸気を、燃焼炉１などから抽気した排ガスの熱回収により製造してもよく、そうすれば、循環型流動層ガス化システムの熱効率をより高めることができる。   The steam for gasification supplied from the steam supply injection nozzle 20 and the steam supply diffuser pipe 21 may be produced by heat recovery of the exhaust gas extracted from the combustion furnace 1 or the like, and then circulates. The thermal efficiency of the mold fluidized bed gasification system can be further increased.

本発明の循環型流動層ガス化システムの構成図を示す。The block diagram of the circulation type fluidized-bed gasification system of this invention is shown.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 燃焼炉
２ ガス化炉
６ 開口部
１４ 流動層
１５ 空気供給用散気管
２０ 水蒸気供給用噴射ノズル
３１ ベット材分離用サイクロン
３５ 移動層
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustion furnace 2 Gasification furnace 6 Opening part 14 Fluidized bed 15 Air supply diffuser pipe 20 Steam supply spray nozzle 31 Bed material separation cyclone 35 Moving bed

Claims (4)

燃料とベット材とが投入される燃焼炉の上部より、上記燃焼炉の底部にかけて延び、かつ下端が開口した筒状のガス化炉を設け、上記燃焼炉の中段に、投入された燃料とベット材とを流動化させて流動層を形成するための空気供給用散気管を設け、上記燃焼炉の底部に、上記流動層から流下し、上記ガス化炉の開口部に移動した上記ベット材と未燃燃料とを、上記ガス化炉内で上昇移動させその間に上記未燃燃料あるいは必要に応じて上記ガス化炉内に投入される燃料のガス化を行う水蒸気供給用噴射ノズルを設けたことを特徴とする循環型流動層ガス化システム。   A cylindrical gasification furnace is provided that extends from the top of the combustion furnace where the fuel and the bed material are charged to the bottom of the combustion furnace and has an open lower end. An air supply diffuser pipe for fluidizing the material to form a fluidized bed, and the bed material moved down from the fluidized bed and moved to the opening of the gasifier at the bottom of the combustion furnace; Provided with a water vapor supply injection nozzle for moving the unburned fuel up and down in the gasifier while gasifying the unburned fuel or the fuel to be put into the gasifier as needed. A circulating fluidized bed gasification system characterized by 上記ガス化炉の下流側には、生成したガス化ガスとベット材とを分離するベット材分離用サイクロンが接続され、上記分離されたベット材が上記燃焼炉に投入される請求項１記載の循環型流動層ガス化システム。   The bed material separating cyclone for separating the generated gasified gas and the bed material is connected to the downstream side of the gasification furnace, and the separated bed material is charged into the combustion furnace. Circulating fluidized bed gasification system. 上記空気供給用散気管は、その上方で上記燃料と上記ベット材の上記流動層を形成し、その下方から上記燃焼炉の底部にかけて、上記未燃燃料とベット材との移動層を形成すると共に、その移動層により上記空気供給用散気管から供給される空気が上記ガス化炉へ、上記ガス化炉で生成したガス化ガスが上記燃焼炉へ流れないようにマテリアルシールが形成される請求項１または２記載の循環型流動層ガス化システム。   The air supply air diffusion pipe forms the fluidized bed of the fuel and the bed material above the air supply pipe, and forms a moving layer of the unburned fuel and the bed material from below to the bottom of the combustion furnace. The material seal is formed so that the air supplied from the air supply diffuser pipe by the moving bed does not flow to the gasification furnace and the gasification gas generated in the gasification furnace does not flow to the combustion furnace. The circulating fluidized bed gasification system according to 1 or 2. 上記水蒸気供給用噴射ノズルから供給される水蒸気は、上記燃焼炉などから抽気された排ガスからの熱回収により製造される請求項１〜３いずれかに記載の循環型流動層ガス化システム。
The circulating fluidized bed gasification system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the steam supplied from the steam supply injection nozzle is produced by heat recovery from exhaust gas extracted from the combustion furnace or the like.
JP2004049689A 2004-02-25 2004-02-25 Circulating fluidized bed gasification system Expired - Lifetime JP4413646B2 (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010520353A (en) * 2007-03-05 2010-06-10 シュティヒティン・エネルギーオンデルツォイク・セントラム・ネーデルランド Devices for producing product gas from fuels such as biomass
JP2010209192A (en) * 2009-03-10 2010-09-24 Ihi Corp Method and apparatus for controlling gasification in circulating fluidized-bed gasification plant
JP2011094151A (en) * 2010-12-13 2011-05-12 Ihi Corp Method and apparatus for controlling gasification in circulating fluidized-bed gasification system
CN102352267A (en) * 2011-09-05 2012-02-15 张一波 Carbon decomposition water type fuel generator and fuel production process
CN106010665A (en) * 2016-07-21 2016-10-12 新奥科技发展有限公司 Device and method for coal gasification of fluidized bed

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010520353A (en) * 2007-03-05 2010-06-10 シュティヒティン・エネルギーオンデルツォイク・セントラム・ネーデルランド Devices for producing product gas from fuels such as biomass
JP2010209192A (en) * 2009-03-10 2010-09-24 Ihi Corp Method and apparatus for controlling gasification in circulating fluidized-bed gasification plant
JP2011094151A (en) * 2010-12-13 2011-05-12 Ihi Corp Method and apparatus for controlling gasification in circulating fluidized-bed gasification system
CN102352267A (en) * 2011-09-05 2012-02-15 张一波 Carbon decomposition water type fuel generator and fuel production process
CN106010665A (en) * 2016-07-21 2016-10-12 新奥科技发展有限公司 Device and method for coal gasification of fluidized bed
CN106010665B (en) * 2016-07-21 2019-04-05 新奥科技发展有限公司 A kind of fluidized bed coal gasification device and method

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