JP2005229710A - Sold power/purchased power zero control power receiving/generating system and method in interconnection system with reverse power flow - Google Patents

Sold power/purchased power zero control power receiving/generating system and method in interconnection system with reverse power flow Download PDF

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JP2005229710A
JP2005229710A JP2004035377A JP2004035377A JP2005229710A JP 2005229710 A JP2005229710 A JP 2005229710A JP 2004035377 A JP2004035377 A JP 2004035377A JP 2004035377 A JP2004035377 A JP 2004035377A JP 2005229710 A JP2005229710 A JP 2005229710A
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power
switch
power generation
power supply
generator
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Hiroyuki Hanzawa
弘行 半澤
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NIPPON GALAXY ENGINEERING KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To attain effect of energy saving, economy, and safety in a power supply system, having "reverse power flow" function. <P>SOLUTION: The power supply system comprises a first switch for turning the commercial power supply line to a load on/off, a second switch for turning the output line from a generator to the load on/off, a means of measuring consumed electric power and a single operation detector. The generator is brought into operating state, when a first set value of consumed electric power is measured; AC voltage, frequency and phase are synchronized between the commercial power supply line and the generator output line, the second switch is turned on, when they are synchronized; and then received power/purchased power zero control is performed thus bringing received power and purchased power of the commercial power supply to zero. Interruption of commercial power supply is detected by the single operation detector, and the first switch is turned off, and uninterruptible power supply from the generator is set. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、電力会社からの商用電源の電力を受電するとともに、自家発電装置を備え、省エネルギー化と安全性を図った受電及び発電機能を有する電力供給装置及び方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a power supply apparatus and method that receive electric power from a commercial power source from an electric power company, have a private power generation apparatus, and have power reception and power generation functions for energy saving and safety.

電力供給システムにおいて、電力会社からの商用電源の電力を受電するとともに、発電装置を備え自家発電により電力をまかなうものが開発されている。この種の電力供給システムで、特別高圧配電線路からの電力を使用する工場及びごみ焼却場では、「逆潮流あり」機能を持つ自家発電装置を備える場合がある。つまり、自家発電装置で発電した電力を電力会社に販売する機能をもつのである。   A power supply system has been developed that receives power from a commercial power source from an electric power company, and that includes a power generation device to supply power by private power generation. In this type of power supply system, factories and waste incinerators that use power from special high-voltage distribution lines may be equipped with private power generators that have a “reverse power flow” function. In other words, it has a function of selling the power generated by the private power generator to an electric power company.

しかしこの「逆潮流あり」機能を持つシステムは、大規模なシステムに限られており、高圧一般配電線に接続されるシステムでは、存在しない。高圧一般配電線に接続されるシステムでは、通常は、「逆潮流なし」機能を持つ電力供給システムが採用されている。この「逆潮流なし」機能を持つ電力供給システムでは、自家発電装置の発電容量は、構内総負荷の1/2〜1/3程度の容量に設計するのが通常である。これは、発電容量が大きすぎると、逆電力継電器（ＲＰＲ）による不要停止（停電）が生じるために、このような停止を防止するためである。   However, the system having this “with reverse power flow” function is limited to a large-scale system, and does not exist in a system connected to a high-voltage general distribution line. In a system connected to a high-voltage general distribution line, a power supply system having a “no reverse power flow” function is usually employed. In the power supply system having the “no reverse power flow” function, the power generation capacity of the private power generator is usually designed to be about 1/2 to 1/3 of the total load on the premises. This is because, if the power generation capacity is too large, an unnecessary stop (power failure) occurs due to the reverse power relay (RPR), and thus such a stop is prevented.

上記したように、高圧一般配電線に接続されるシステムでは、「逆潮流なし」機能を持つ電力供給システムが採用されている。そして、自家発電装置の発電容量は、構内総負荷の1/2〜1/3程度の容量に設計されている。   As described above, in a system connected to a high-voltage general distribution line, a power supply system having a “no reverse flow” function is employed. And the power generation capacity of the private power generator is designed to be about 1/2 to 1/3 of the total load on the premises.

しかし構内総負荷の1/2〜1/3程度の容量であると、受電電力の容量が多くなり、経済的な効果が得られないのが現状である。一方最近では、「逆潮流あり」機能を持つ電力供給システムの研究開発も検討されている。   However, if the capacity is about 1/2 to 1/3 of the total load on the premises, the capacity of the received power increases and the economic effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, recently, research and development of a power supply system having a function of “with reverse power flow” is also being considered.

そこでこの発明は、「逆潮流あり」機能を持つ電力供給システムを前提として、省エネルギー性、経済性、安全性の効果を発揮できるようにした受電及び発電機能を有する電力供給装置及び方法を提供することを目的とする。   Accordingly, the present invention provides a power supply apparatus and method having power reception and power generation functions that can exhibit the effects of energy saving, economy, and safety on the premise of a power supply system having a function of “with reverse power flow”. For the purpose.

この発明の一実施の形態は、商用電源用ラインと負荷との間をオンオフする第１のスイッチと、発電装置の発電出力ラインと前記負荷との間をオンオフする第２のスイッチと、タイマーと、前記負荷の消費電力量を計測する消費電力量計測手段と、前記タイマーの出力が予め設定した第1の時間になったとき又は前記消費電力量計測手段が消費電力量が増大する方向で、第１の設定値を計測したとき、前記発電装置をオンする手段と、前記発電装置がオンしているときに、前記商用電源ラインと前記発電出力ラインとの間の交流電圧・周波数・位相の同期を合わせるように前記発電装置を制御する同期制御手段と、前記交流電圧・周波数・位相の同期合わせが実現したときに、前記第２のスイッチをオンし、次に商用電源受電量と自家発電発電量の配分を制御し商用電源受電量・売電量をゼロとする制御手段とを備える。   One embodiment of the present invention includes a first switch for turning on and off between a commercial power supply line and a load, a second switch for turning on and off between a power generation output line of the power generator and the load, a timer, The power consumption measuring means for measuring the power consumption of the load, and when the output of the timer reaches a preset first time or in the direction that the power consumption measuring means increases, When the first set value is measured, the means for turning on the power generation device, and when the power generation device is on, the AC voltage, frequency, and phase between the commercial power supply line and the power generation output line When the synchronization control means for controlling the power generation device so as to synchronize and the synchronization of the AC voltage, frequency, and phase are realized, the second switch is turned on, and then the amount of commercial power received and private power generation Power generation And control means for controlling the distribution of the amount so that the amount of commercial power received and sold is zero.

本発明によれば、装置の省エネルギー化、価格低減化、維持費用低減並びに安全確保を得ることができる。逆電力継電器（ＲＰＲ）を設ける必要がない。このために、逆電力継電器（ＲＰＲ）による不要停止（停電）が生じるという問題が解決できる。また、逆潮流あり、且つ受電ゼロ・売電ゼロの運転方式とすることで、コージェネレーションシステムは、最大限の発電を行うことができ、その結果稼動率が向上する。更に負荷率も上がるために発電効率も向上する。よって省エネルギー性、経済性がよくなる。   According to the present invention, energy saving, price reduction, maintenance cost reduction and safety assurance of the apparatus can be obtained. There is no need to provide a reverse power relay (RPR). For this reason, the problem that the unnecessary stop (power failure) by a reverse power relay (RPR) arises can be solved. In addition, the cogeneration system can generate the maximum amount of power by adopting an operation method with reverse power flow and zero power reception and power sale, and as a result, the operation rate is improved. Furthermore, since the load factor increases, the power generation efficiency is also improved. Therefore, energy saving and economy are improved.

以下この発明の実施の形態を図面を参照して説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

図１において、１０１は、電力会社であり、電力会社１０１からの電力線は、スイッチＳＷ１を介して変圧装置１０２に接続されている。変圧装置１０２からの商用電源ラインは、負荷３００に接続されている。負荷３００は、工場、ホテル、病院などの負荷施設である。   In FIG. 1, 101 is an electric power company, and the power line from the electric power company 101 is connected to the transformer 102 via the switch SW1. A commercial power line from the transformer 102 is connected to the load 300. The load 300 is a load facility such as a factory, a hotel, or a hospital.

この施設には、自家発電装置２０１が装備されている。発電装置２０１の自家発電出力ラインは、スイッチＳＷ２を介して商用電源ラインに接続されている。商用電源ライン及び自家発電出力ラインには、それぞれピックアップセンサ１０３、２０２が取り付けられている。このセンサ１０３、２０２は、交流信号の電圧・周波数・位相を検出するもので、検出信号は、統合制御部４００に入力されている。   This facility is equipped with a private power generator 201. The private power generation output line of the power generation apparatus 201 is connected to the commercial power supply line via the switch SW2. Pickup sensors 103 and 202 are attached to the commercial power supply line and the private power generation output line, respectively. The sensors 103 and 202 detect the voltage, frequency, and phase of the AC signal, and the detection signal is input to the integrated control unit 400.

ところで負荷３００の消費電力量は、電力消費量計測装置４０１により計測されており、その計測データは、統合制御部４００に入力されている。統合制御部４００は、電力消費量に応じて、発電装置２０１の起動を行う。また発電装置２０１が起動されているとき、所定の条件のもとで、スイッチＳＷ１，ＳＷ２のオンオフ制御を行う。また、統合制御部４００には、単独運転検出装置からの制御信号及びタイマー４５０からの時刻情報も与えられている。さらにまた、各種の設定を行う場合、その設定情報を与えるための操作部４５１の出力も統合制御部４００に与えられている。   Incidentally, the power consumption amount of the load 300 is measured by the power consumption measurement device 401, and the measurement data is input to the integrated control unit 400. The integrated control unit 400 activates the power generation apparatus 201 according to the power consumption. Further, when the power generation apparatus 201 is activated, on / off control of the switches SW1 and SW2 is performed under a predetermined condition. The integrated control unit 400 is also given a control signal from the isolated operation detection device and time information from the timer 450. Furthermore, when performing various settings, the output of the operation unit 451 for giving the setting information is also given to the integrated control unit 400.

図２には、上記の装置の動作例を示すタイミングチャートを示している。今、スイッチＳＷ１がオン、スイッチＳＷ２がオフであり、負荷３００は商用電源からの電力を使用しているものとする。次にタイマー４５０の出力が予め設定した第1の時間（例えばＡＭ８時）になったとき、統合制御部４００は、発電装置２０１を動作状態にする。統合制御部４００には、ピックアップセンサ１０３、２０２からの検出信号が入力されている。そこで統合制御装置４００は、前記商用電源ラインと発電出力ラインとの間の交流電圧・周波数・位相を合わせるように前記発電装置２０１を制御する、交流電圧・周波数・位相の同期合わせが実現したときに第2のスイッチＳＷ２をオンし、次に前記発電出力を上げて行き、統合制御部４００の電力配分制御部の制御のもとで商用電力の受電量及び売電量を常に零にする制御を行う。即ち、受電・売電零の運転方式を実現している。   FIG. 2 shows a timing chart showing an operation example of the above apparatus. Now, it is assumed that the switch SW1 is on, the switch SW2 is off, and the load 300 uses power from a commercial power source. Next, when the output of the timer 450 reaches a preset first time (for example, at 8:00 AM), the integrated control unit 400 puts the power generator 201 into an operating state. Detection signals from the pickup sensors 103 and 202 are input to the integrated control unit 400. Therefore, the integrated control device 400 controls the power generation device 201 so as to match the AC voltage, frequency, and phase between the commercial power supply line and the power generation output line. Next, the second switch SW2 is turned on, and then the power generation output is increased to control the amount of received commercial power and the amount of power sold to zero under the control of the power distribution control unit of the integrated control unit 400. Do. That is, an operation method of zero power reception / selling is realized.

このため、コージェネレーションシステムは、最大限の発電を行うことができ、その結果稼動率が向上する。更に負荷率も上がるために発電効率も向上する。よって省エネルギー性、経済性がよくなる。   For this reason, a cogeneration system can perform maximum electric power generation, and as a result, an operation rate improves. Furthermore, since the load factor increases, the power generation efficiency is also improved. Therefore, energy saving and economy are improved.

統合制御部４００は、また電力消費量に応じて発電装置２０１のガバナ制御を行い、負荷に対して安定した電力供給を行う。   The integrated control unit 400 also performs governor control of the power generation apparatus 201 according to the power consumption, and stably supplies power to the load.

タイマー４５０の設定時間帯以外の時間帯（ＰＭ１０：００〜ＡＭ８：００）の場合を説明する。今時点ｔ１にて電力消費量がＷ１を上回ったとする。この状態では直ぐに発電装置の起動は行わない。一定時間Ｔ１、電力消費量の監視が行われる。一定時間Ｔ１経過したとき（時点ｔ２）電力消費量がＷ１以上であれば統合制御部４００は、発電装置２０１を起動し、ピックアップセンサ１０３、２０２の検出信号により前記商用電源ラインと前記発電出力ラインとの間の交流電圧・周波数・位相あわせ制御（同期状態への引き込み）を行い、同期が取れた状態で第2のスイッチＳＷ２をオンし、電力配分制御部により前記商用電源受電量がＷ１を越えないように発電出力を制御する。   A case of a time zone other than the set time zone of the timer 450 (PM 10: 00 to AM 8:00) will be described. It is assumed that the power consumption exceeds W1 at this time t1. In this state, the power generator is not started immediately. The power consumption is monitored for a certain time T1. If the power consumption is greater than or equal to W1 when a certain time T1 has elapsed (time t2), the integrated control unit 400 activates the power generation apparatus 201, and the commercial power supply line and the power generation output line are detected by detection signals from the pickup sensors 103 and 202. AC voltage, frequency, and phase matching control (withdrawn to a synchronized state) with the second switch SW2 turned on in a synchronized state, and the power distribution control unit sets the commercial power supply amount to W1. The power generation output is controlled so as not to exceed.

今、時点ｔ７にて電力消費量がＷ１を下回ったとする。この状態では、直ぐにスイッチＳＷ２の制御は行われない。一定時間Ｔ４、電力消費量の監視が行われる。一定時間Ｔ４経過したとき（時点ｔ８）電力消費量がＷ１より低い状態であれば、スイッチＳＷ２の状態が制御される。つまり、スイッチＳＷ２がオフされる。さらに、一定時間の経過の後、発電装置２０１がオフされる。   Now, assume that the power consumption is less than W1 at time t7. In this state, the switch SW2 is not immediately controlled. The power consumption is monitored for a certain time T4. If the power consumption is lower than W1 when the predetermined time T4 has elapsed (time t8), the state of the switch SW2 is controlled. That is, the switch SW2 is turned off. Furthermore, after a lapse of a certain time, the power generator 201 is turned off.

図３には、上記の装置の動作を制御する統合制御部４００の働きを示すフローチャートである。   FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the integrated control unit 400 that controls the operation of the apparatus.

この発明の一実施の形態を示す構成説明図。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Structure explanatory drawing which shows one Embodiment of this invention. 図１の装置の動作例を説明するために示した動作説明図。The operation explanatory view shown in order to explain the operation example of the device of FIG. 図１の装置の動作例を説明するために示したフローチャート。The flowchart shown in order to demonstrate the operation example of the apparatus of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

ＳＷ１，ＳＷ２…スイッチ、１０１…電力会社、１０２…変圧装置、１０３、２０２…ピックアップセンサ、２０１…発電装置、３００…負荷、４００…統合制御部、４０１…消費電力計測装置、４５１…制御部、４５２…単独運転検出装置。   SW1, SW2 ... Switch, 101 ... Power company, 102 ... Transformer, 103, 202 ... Pickup sensor, 201 ... Power generation device, 300 ... Load, 400 ... Integrated control unit, 401 ... Power consumption measuring device, 451 ... Control unit, 452 ... Single operation detection device.

Claims (5)

商用電源用ラインと負荷との間をオンオフする第１のスイッチと、
発電装置の発電出力ラインと前記負荷との間をオンオフする第２のスイッチと、
タイマーと、
前記負荷の消費電力量を計測する消費電力量計測手段と、
前記タイマー出力が予め設定した第1の時間になったとき、又は、前記消費電力量計測手段が消費電力量が増大する方向で、第１の設定値を計測したときに、前記発電装置を動作状態にする手段と、
前記発電装置がオンしているときに、前記商用電源ラインと前記発電出力ラインとの間の交流電圧・周波数・位相の同期を合わせるように前記発電装置を制御する位相制御手段と、
前記交流電圧・周波数・位相の同期合わせが実現したときに、前記第２のスイッチをオンし、
次に自家発電装置の発電量と商用電源の受電量の配分を制御し、商用電源受電量をゼロにし、売電量もゼロにする制御と商用電源が停電となっても前記発電装置から電力を供給する無停電システム制御とを行う手段と、
を具備した受電及び発電機能を有する電力供給装置。 A first switch for turning on and off between the commercial power line and the load;
A second switch for turning on and off between the power generation output line of the power generation device and the load;
Timer,
Power consumption measuring means for measuring the power consumption of the load;
When the timer output reaches a preset first time, or when the power consumption measuring means measures the first set value in a direction in which the power consumption increases, the power generator is operated. Means to put in a state,
Phase control means for controlling the power generator so as to synchronize AC voltage, frequency, and phase between the commercial power line and the power generation output line when the power generator is on;
When the synchronization of the AC voltage, frequency, and phase is realized, the second switch is turned on,
Next, control the distribution of the amount of power generated by the private power generator and the amount of power received from the commercial power source, and control to reduce the amount of commercial power received to zero and the amount of power sold to zero. Means for performing uninterruptible system control to be supplied;
A power supply device having a power reception and power generation function. 商用電源用ラインと負荷との間をオンオフする第１のスイッチと、発電装置の発電出力ラインと前記負荷との間をオンオフする第２のスイッチと、タイマーと、前記負荷の消費電力量を計測する消費電力量計測手段とを有し、
前記タイマーの出力が予め設定した第1の時間になったとき又は前記消費電力量計測手段が消費電力量が増大する方向で、第１の設定値を計測したときに、前記発電装置を動作状態にし、
前記発電装置がオンしているときに、前記商用電源ラインと前記発電出力ラインとの間の交流電圧・周波数・位相の同期を合わせるように前記発電装置を制御し、
前記交流電圧・周波数・位相の同期合わせが実現したときに、前記第２のスイッチをオンし、次に発電出力を上げ商用電源受電量と売電量を、タイマー設定時間帯は、ゼロにする
ことを特徴とする受電及び発電機能を有する電力供給方法。 A first switch for turning on / off between the line for commercial power supply and the load, a second switch for turning on / off between the power generation output line of the power generator and the load, a timer, and measuring power consumption of the load Power consumption measuring means to
When the output of the timer reaches a preset first time or when the power consumption measuring means measures the first set value in a direction in which the power consumption increases, the power generator is in an operating state. West,
When the power generation device is on, the power generation device is controlled to synchronize the AC voltage, frequency, and phase between the commercial power line and the power generation output line,
When synchronization of the AC voltage, frequency, and phase is achieved, turn on the second switch, then increase the power generation output to reduce the amount of commercial power received and sold, and set the timer setting time zone to zero. A power supply method having a power reception and power generation function. 前記タイマー設定時間帯以外の時間帯において、消費電力量が前記第１の設定値を上回り、一定期間後の消費電力量も前記第１の設定値以上であれば、前記発電装置をオンし、
前記商用電源ラインと前記発電出力との同期をとり第２のスイッチをオンし、電力配分制御により商用電源受電量を前記第1の設定値未満に制御することを特徴とする請求項２記載の受電及び発電機能を有する電力供給方法。 In a time zone other than the timer set time zone, if the power consumption exceeds the first set value and the power consumption after a certain period is also equal to or greater than the first set value, the power generator is turned on
3. The commercial power supply line and the power generation output are synchronized, the second switch is turned on, and the amount of commercial power received is controlled to be less than the first set value by power distribution control. A power supply method having power reception and power generation functions. 前記タイマー設定時間帯以外の時間帯において、前記発電装置が動作状態で、消費電力量が前記第１の設定値を下回り、一定期間後の消費電力量も前記第１の設定値を下回っていれば、前記第２のスイッチをオフに制御することを特徴とする請求項２記載の受電及び発電機能を有する電力供給方法。   In a time zone other than the timer set time zone, the power generation device is in an operating state, the power consumption is less than the first set value, and the power consumption after a certain period is also less than the first set value. 3. The power supply method having a power reception and power generation function according to claim 2, wherein the second switch is controlled to be turned off. 前記発電装置が動作状態で、電力会社からの供給電力が停電となった場合、単独運転検出装置が作動し、第1のスイッチをオフ制御し、前記発電装置を連系運転から単独運転にし、この制御により、無停電にて電力を前記負荷に供給し、前記電力会社からの供給電力が復電した場合、電力供給ライン上のピックアップと発電出力供給ライン上のピックアップとの検出出力を利用して、前記発電装置を制御し、発電出力の電圧・周波数・位相を制御して同期を取り、次に第1のスイッチをオンし、連系運転とし、次に商用電源受電量と売電量をゼロにすべきゼロ運転制御に戻る制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項２記載の受電及び発電機能を有する電力供給方法。   When the power generator is in an operating state and the power supplied from the power company is a power failure, the single operation detection device is activated, the first switch is turned off, and the power generation device is switched from the grid operation to the single operation, With this control, when power is supplied to the load without power failure and the power supplied from the power company is restored, the detection output of the pickup on the power supply line and the pickup on the power generation output supply line is used. The power generator is controlled, and the voltage, frequency, and phase of the power generation output are controlled to synchronize, then the first switch is turned on, and the interconnection operation is performed. The power supply method having a power receiving and power generation function according to claim 2, wherein control is performed to return to zero operation control to be zero.
JP2004035377A 2004-02-12 2004-02-12 Sold power/purchased power zero control power receiving/generating system and method in interconnection system with reverse power flow Pending JP2005229710A (en)

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WO2019078059A1 (en) * 2017-10-16 2019-04-25 川崎重工業株式会社 Power generation system

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CN103229061A (en) * 2010-11-30 2013-07-31 欧姆龙株式会社 Detection device and method, and program
CN103229061B (en) * 2010-11-30 2015-05-06 欧姆龙株式会社 Detection device and method
US9482701B2 (en) 2010-11-30 2016-11-01 Omron Corporation Detection device and method, and program
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CN106154900B (en) * 2014-11-05 2018-07-10 硕天科技股份有限公司 Method for automatically improving energy-saving and electricity-using safety
WO2019078059A1 (en) * 2017-10-16 2019-04-25 川崎重工業株式会社 Power generation system
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