JP2005222877A - Separator for polyelectrolyte fuel cell of flat type and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Separator for polyelectrolyte fuel cell of flat type and its manufacturing method Download PDF

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JP2005222877A
JP2005222877A JP2004031693A JP2004031693A JP2005222877A JP 2005222877 A JP2005222877 A JP 2005222877A JP 2004031693 A JP2004031693 A JP 2004031693A JP 2004031693 A JP2004031693 A JP 2004031693A JP 2005222877 A JP2005222877 A JP 2005222877A
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separator
fuel cell
gas diffusion
polymer electrolyte
diffusion layer
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JP4445280B2 (en
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Yasuhiro Uchida
泰弘 内田
Yutaka Yagi
裕 八木
Toru Serizawa
徹 芹澤
Takanori Maeda
高徳 前田
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Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a separator capable of realizing a thin polyelectrolyte fuel cell having a very small contact resistance and a high effective area ratio of unit cell, and to provide a manufacturing method of this separator. <P>SOLUTION: As the separator for a flat type polyelectrolyte fuel cell, a separator member in which unit conductive substrates having a plurality of through holes are arranged two or more pieces flatly through a gap portion is clipped by a pair of frame members in which a plurality of partition frame members are bridged between the peripheral frame members so that two or more apertures may be formed corresponding to the arrangement positions of the above unit conductive substrates. A gas diffusion layer for covering the unit conductive substrates is provided in the aperture of one frame member and furthermore, a catalyst layer for covering the gas diffusion layer is provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、燃料電池用のセパレータに関し、特に、平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータと、このセパレータの製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a separator for a fuel cell, and more particularly to a separator for a planar type polymer electrolyte fuel cell and a method for producing the separator.

燃料電池は、簡単には、外部より燃料(還元剤)と酸素または空気(酸化剤)を連続的に供給し、電気化学的に反応させて電気エネルギーを取り出す装置で、その作動温度、使用燃料の種類、用途などで分類される。また、最近では、主に使用される電解質の種類によって、大きく、固体酸化物型燃料電池、溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池、りん酸型燃料電池、高分子電解質型燃料電池、アルカリ水溶液型燃料電池の5種類に分類させるのがー般的である。   A fuel cell is simply a device that continuously supplies fuel (reducing agent) and oxygen or air (oxidant) from the outside, and reacts electrochemically to extract electrical energy. It is classified by type, use, etc. In recent years, depending on the type of electrolyte used, it is largely divided into solid oxide fuel cells, molten carbonate fuel cells, phosphoric acid fuel cells, polymer electrolyte fuel cells, and alkaline aqueous fuel cells. Generally, it is classified into 5 types.

これらの燃料電池は、メタン等から生成された水素ガスを燃料とするものであるが、最近では、燃料としてメタノール水溶液をダイレクトに用いるダイレクトメタノール型燃料電池(以下、DMFCとも言う)も知られている。
なかでも、固体高分子膜を2種類の電極で挟み込み、更に、これらの部材をセパレータで挟んだ構成の固体高分子型燃料電池(以下、PEFCとも言う)が注目されている。
このPEFCにおいては、固体高分子膜の両側に、それぞれ、電極を配置した単位セルを複数個積層し、その起電力を目的に応じて大きくした、スタック構造のものが一般的である。単位セル間に配設されるセパレータは、一般に、そのー方の側面に、隣接するー方の単位セルに燃料ガスを供給するための燃料ガス供給用溝が形成されている。このようなセパレータでは、セパレータ面に沿って、燃料ガス、酸化剤ガスが供給される。
These fuel cells use hydrogen gas generated from methane or the like as a fuel. Recently, a direct methanol fuel cell (hereinafter also referred to as DMFC) that directly uses an aqueous methanol solution as a fuel is also known. Yes.
In particular, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (hereinafter also referred to as PEFC) having a structure in which a solid polymer membrane is sandwiched between two kinds of electrodes and these members are sandwiched between separators has attracted attention.
In this PEFC, a stack structure is generally used in which a plurality of unit cells each having an electrode are stacked on both sides of a solid polymer film, and the electromotive force is increased according to the purpose. In general, the separator disposed between the unit cells is provided with a fuel gas supply groove for supplying fuel gas to the adjacent unit cell on the side surface. In such a separator, fuel gas and oxidant gas are supplied along the separator surface.

PEFCのセパレータとしては、グラファイト板を削り出して溝加工を施したセパレータ、樹脂にカーボンを練り込んだカーボンコンパウンドのモールド性セパレータ、エッチングなどで溝加工を施した金属製セパレータ、金属材料の表面部を耐食性の樹脂で覆ったセパレータ等が知られている。これらのセパレータは、いずれも必要に応じて、燃料ガス供給用溝、及び/または、酸化剤ガス供給用溝が形成されている。
このスタック構造の燃料電池の他に、例えば、携帯端末用の燃料電池等のように、起電力をそれほど必要としないで、平面型で、できるだけ薄い事が要求される場合もある。しかし、平面状に単位セルを複数配列させ、これらを電気的に直列に接続する平面型の場合には、燃料及び酸素の供給が場所により不均一となるという問題もあった。
PEFC separators include a graphite plate cut and grooved, a carbon compound mold separator made of carbon kneaded into resin, a metal separator grooved by etching, etc. A separator or the like in which is covered with a corrosion-resistant resin is known. Each of these separators is provided with a groove for supplying fuel gas and / or a groove for supplying oxidant gas as required.
In addition to this stack structure fuel cell, there is a case where it is required to be as thin as possible with a flat type without requiring an electromotive force as much as a fuel cell for a portable terminal, for example. However, in the case of a planar type in which a plurality of unit cells are arranged in a plane and these are electrically connected in series, there is a problem that the supply of fuel and oxygen becomes uneven depending on the location.

そこで、この燃料供給の不均一性を改善するために、膜電極複合体(MEA)に接しているセパレータの面に対して、垂直方向に多数の貫通孔を形成し、この貫通孔から燃料及び酸素を供給する構造のセパレータが考えられている(特許文献1)。
尚、ここでは、燃料電池の燃料供給側セパレータと酸素供給側のセパレータとの間に位置する電極部を含む複合体、例えば、順に、ガス拡散層、触媒層からなる燃料極、高分子電解質膜、触媒層からなる酸素極、ガス拡散層が積層されてなる膜等のような複合体を、膜電極複合体(MEA)と言う。
特開2003−203647号公報
Therefore, in order to improve the non-uniformity of the fuel supply, a large number of through holes are formed in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the separator in contact with the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). A separator having a structure for supplying oxygen has been considered (Patent Document 1).
Here, a composite including an electrode portion positioned between a fuel supply side separator and an oxygen supply side separator of a fuel cell, for example, a fuel electrode comprising a gas diffusion layer and a catalyst layer, a polymer electrolyte membrane in this order A complex such as an oxygen electrode composed of a catalyst layer and a film formed by laminating a gas diffusion layer is called a membrane electrode complex (MEA).
JP 2003-203647 A

しかしながら、上記のようなMEAを備えた平面型のPEFCは、燃料供給側セパレータと酸素供給側のセパレータとの間に、MEAを構成するガス拡散層、触媒層、高分子電解質膜、触媒層、ガス拡散層の各層を積層し一体化して製造されるため、製造時に各層の接触が不充分な場合、接触抵抗が大きくなってしまうという問題があった。これを防止するために、燃料供給側セパレータと酸素供給側のセパレータをそれぞれ補強部材で保持されたものとし、MEAの両側に位置する補強部材をボルトで締め付けることにより、各層の接触を確実にすることが考えられる。しかし、平面状に複数配列された単位セル間に存在する補強部材に、上記の締め付け作用に必要な幅を設けると、単位セルの有効面積が減少するという問題があった。
また、MEAを構成する複数の層の精密な位置合せが必要であり、工程管理が煩雑で、製造効率の向上に限界があるという問題があった。
However, the planar PEFC provided with the MEA as described above includes a gas diffusion layer, a catalyst layer, a polymer electrolyte membrane, a catalyst layer, which constitutes the MEA, between the fuel supply side separator and the oxygen supply side separator. Since the respective layers of the gas diffusion layer are laminated and integrated, there is a problem that the contact resistance increases when the contact of each layer is insufficient during the manufacturing. In order to prevent this, it is assumed that the fuel supply side separator and the oxygen supply side separator are respectively held by the reinforcing members, and the reinforcing members located on both sides of the MEA are tightened with bolts to ensure contact between the layers. It is possible. However, if a reinforcing member existing between a plurality of unit cells arranged in a plane is provided with a width necessary for the tightening action, the effective area of the unit cell is reduced.
In addition, precise alignment of a plurality of layers constituting the MEA is necessary, process management is complicated, and production efficiency is limited.

本発明は、上記のような実情に鑑みてなされたものであり、接触抵抗が極めて小さく、単位セルの有効面積率が高い薄型の高分子電解質型燃料電池を可能とするセパレータと、このセパレータの製造方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, a separator that enables a thin polymer electrolyte fuel cell with a very low contact resistance and a high effective area ratio of unit cells, and a separator of the separator. An object is to provide a manufacturing method.

このような目的を達成するために、本発明は、単位セルを平面的に配列した平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータにおいて、複数の貫通孔を有する単位導電性基板が空隙部を介して平面的に2個以上配列されたセパレータ部材と、周縁枠部材と、前記単位導電性基板の配列位置に対応して2個以上の開口部を形成するように前記周縁枠部材間に架け渡された複数の仕切り枠部材と、を有し、前記セパレータ部材を挟持するように一体化された一対の枠部材と、一方の枠部材の前記開口部内に位置し、前記単位導電性基板を被覆するガス拡散層と、を備えたような構成とした。
本発明の他の態様として、前記ガス拡散層は、前記開口部内に触媒層を配設可能な深さで前記枠部材に対して段差を有するような構成とした。
In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides a separator for a planar type polymer electrolyte fuel cell in which unit cells are arranged in a plane, wherein the unit conductive substrate having a plurality of through holes has voids. And two or more separator members arranged in a plane, a peripheral frame member, and two or more openings are formed between the peripheral frame members so as to correspond to the arrangement positions of the unit conductive substrates. A plurality of passed partition frame members, a pair of frame members integrated so as to sandwich the separator member, and the unit conductive substrate disposed in the opening of one frame member. And a gas diffusion layer to be coated.
As another aspect of the present invention, the gas diffusion layer is configured to have a step with respect to the frame member at a depth at which the catalyst layer can be disposed in the opening.

本発明は、単位セルを平面的に配列した平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータにおいて、複数の貫通孔を有する単位導電性基板が空隙部を介して平面的に2個以上配列されたセパレータ部材と、周縁枠部材と、前記単位導電性基板の配列位置に対応して2個以上の開口部を形成するように前記周縁枠部材間に架け渡された複数の仕切り枠部材と、を有し、前記セパレータ部材を挟持するように一体化された一対の枠部材と、一方の枠部材の前記開口部内に位置し、前記単位導電性基板を被覆するガス拡散層、および、該ガス拡散層を被覆する触媒層と、を備え、該触媒層と前記枠部材とは略同一面をなすような構成とした。
本発明の他の態様として、前記セパレータ部材を挟持するように一体化された一対の枠部材は、締め付け部材挿入用の挿入穴を複数備えるような構成とし、また、前記開口部間に位置する仕切り枠部材は前記挿入穴を備えるとともに、仕切り枠部材の幅は前記挿入穴の近傍部位を除いて、周縁枠部材の幅よりも小さいような構成とした。
The present invention relates to a separator for a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell in which unit cells are arranged in a plane, and two or more unit conductive substrates having a plurality of through holes are arranged in a plane through a gap. Separator members, peripheral frame members, and a plurality of partition frame members spanned between the peripheral frame members so as to form two or more openings corresponding to the arrangement positions of the unit conductive substrates, A pair of frame members integrated so as to sandwich the separator member, a gas diffusion layer located in the opening of one frame member and covering the unit conductive substrate, and the gas A catalyst layer covering the diffusion layer, and the catalyst layer and the frame member are configured to be substantially flush with each other.
As another aspect of the present invention, the pair of frame members integrated so as to sandwich the separator member are configured to have a plurality of insertion holes for inserting fastening members, and are positioned between the openings. The partition frame member is provided with the insertion hole, and the width of the partition frame member is configured to be smaller than the width of the peripheral frame member except for the vicinity of the insertion hole.

本発明は、単位セルを平面的に配列した平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータの製造方法において、複数の貫通孔を有する単位導電性基板が空隙部を介して平面的に2個以上配列されたセパレータ部材を、前記単位導電性基板の配列位置に対応して2個以上の開口部を有する一対の枠部材で挟持一体化する工程と、前記開口部の形状、位置と対応するようにガス拡散層が基材上に剥離可能に形成された転写部材を用いて、一方の枠部材の前記開口部内に前記単位導電性基板と当接するようにガス拡散層を転写形成する工程と、を有するような構成とした。   The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a separator for a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell in which unit cells are arranged in a plane, and two unit conductive substrates having a plurality of through holes are arranged in a plane through a gap. The separator members arranged as described above are sandwiched and integrated with a pair of frame members having two or more openings corresponding to the arrangement positions of the unit conductive substrates, and the shapes and positions of the openings correspond to each other. And a step of transferring and forming the gas diffusion layer so as to contact the unit conductive substrate in the opening of one of the frame members using a transfer member in which the gas diffusion layer is formed to be peelable on the base material. It was set as the structure which has.

本発明の他の態様として、前記転写部材は、スクリーン印刷により前記基材上に剥離可能にガス拡散層を形成したものであるような構成とした。
本発明の他の態様として、さらに、前記開口部の形状、位置と対応するように触媒層が基材上に剥離可能に形成された転写部材を用いて、前記ガス拡散層と当接するように触媒層を転写形成する工程を有するような構成とした。
本発明の他の態様として、前記転写部材は、スクリーン印刷により前記基材上に剥離可能にガス拡散層または触媒層を形成したものであるような構成とした。
As another aspect of the present invention, the transfer member has a structure in which a gas diffusion layer is formed on the substrate by screen printing so as to be peeled off.
As another aspect of the present invention, a transfer member in which a catalyst layer is detachably formed on a substrate so as to correspond to the shape and position of the opening is used so as to come into contact with the gas diffusion layer. The structure has a step of transferring and forming the catalyst layer.
As another aspect of the present invention, the transfer member is configured such that a gas diffusion layer or a catalyst layer is formed on the base material by screen printing so as to be peeled off.

本発明のセパレータによれば、1組の本発明のセパレータで高分子電解質膜と触媒層を挟持一体化すること、あるいは、高分子電解質膜のみを挟持一体化することにより平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池の製造が可能となり、従来の煩雑な複数層の位置合せが不要となる。また、セパレータを構成する単位導電性基板とガス拡散層との接触、あるいは、単位導電性基板とガス拡散層と触媒層(燃料極あるいは酸素極)との接触が確実になされているため、製造される平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池は、接触抵抗の極めて少ないものとなる。
また、本発明のセパレータの製造方法では、開口部内へのガス拡散層の形成、触媒層の形成における位置合せが、枠部材の開口部位置と転写部材のガス拡散層との1:1の位置合せ、あるいは、枠部材の開口部位置と転写部材の触媒層との1:1の位置合せであり、複数の層の同時位置合せが不要であるため工程管理が容易となる。また、枠部材の開口部の形状の変更に対応して、転写部材を構成するガス拡散層や触媒層の形状を変更して、開口部内へのガス拡散層の形成、触媒層の形成が行なえるので、セパレータの単位セルの設計変更が容易で、最適な設計が可能である。
According to the separator of the present invention, the polymer electrolyte membrane and the catalyst layer are sandwiched and integrated with one set of the separator of the present invention, or only the polymer electrolyte membrane is sandwiched and integrated to form a planar polymer electrolyte. Type fuel cells can be manufactured, and the conventional complicated multi-layer alignment becomes unnecessary. In addition, since the contact between the unit conductive substrate constituting the separator and the gas diffusion layer, or the contact between the unit conductive substrate, the gas diffusion layer, and the catalyst layer (fuel electrode or oxygen electrode) is ensured, The flat polymer electrolyte fuel cell thus produced has extremely low contact resistance.
Further, in the separator manufacturing method of the present invention, the alignment of the formation of the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst layer in the opening is performed at a 1: 1 position between the opening of the frame member and the gas diffusion layer of the transfer member. Or the opening position of the frame member and the catalyst layer of the transfer member are 1: 1, and it is not necessary to simultaneously align a plurality of layers, thereby facilitating process management. Further, in response to the change in the shape of the opening of the frame member, the shape of the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst layer constituting the transfer member can be changed to form the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst layer in the opening. Therefore, it is easy to change the design of the unit cell of the separator, and an optimum design is possible.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。
[セパレータ]
(第1の実施態様)
図1は本発明の平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータの一実施形態と、このセパレータを構成するセパレータ部材、ガス拡散層、触媒層を離間させた状態で示す斜視図である。また、図2は図1に示されるセパレータのI−I線における矢視断面図である。図1〜図2において、本発明のセパレータ1は、複数の貫通孔4aを有する長方形状の単位導電性基板4A,4B,4Cが空隙部8を介して平面的に3個配列されたセパレータ部材4と、このセパレータ部材4を挟持するように一体化された一対の枠部材2,3とを備えている。枠部材2,3は、それぞれ周縁枠部材2A,3Aと、3箇所の開口部2a,3aを形成するように周縁枠部材2A,3Aにそれぞれ架け渡された2本の仕切り枠部材2B,3Bを有するものである。そして、各開口部2a,3aには、一対の枠部材2,3で挟持されたセパレータ部材4(単位導電性基板4A,4B,4C)が露出している。また、セパレータ部材4を挟持するように一体化された一対の枠部材2,3には、ボルト等の締め付け部材挿入用の挿入穴7が設けられている。図示例では、周縁枠部材2A,3Aに10個の挿入穴7が設けられ、2本の仕切り枠部材2B,3Bにはそれぞれ1個の挿入穴7が設けられている。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[Separator]
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a separator for a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to the present invention and a separator member, a gas diffusion layer, and a catalyst layer constituting the separator in a separated state. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of the separator shown in FIG. 1 to 2, the separator 1 of the present invention is a separator member in which three rectangular unit conductive substrates 4A, 4B, 4C having a plurality of through holes 4a are arranged in a plane via a gap 8. 4 and a pair of frame members 2 and 3 integrated so as to sandwich the separator member 4. The frame members 2 and 3 include two partition frame members 2B and 3B that are respectively spanned around the peripheral frame members 2A and 3A so as to form the peripheral frame members 2A and 3A and three openings 2a and 3a, respectively. It is what has. The separator members 4 (unit conductive substrates 4A, 4B, 4C) sandwiched between the pair of frame members 2, 3 are exposed in the openings 2a, 3a. The pair of frame members 2 and 3 integrated so as to sandwich the separator member 4 are provided with insertion holes 7 for inserting fastening members such as bolts. In the illustrated example, ten insertion holes 7 are provided in the peripheral frame members 2A and 3A, and one insertion hole 7 is provided in each of the two partition frame members 2B and 3B.

また、セパレータ1は、一方の枠部材3の各開口部3a内に位置し、単位導電性基板4A,4B,4Cを被覆するガス拡散層5と、これらのガス拡散層5を被覆する触媒層6とを、密着した状態で備えている。そして、触媒層6と枠部材3とは略同一面をなしている。
セパレータ1を構成する一対の枠部材2,3の材質としては、絶縁性で、加工性が良く、軽く、機械的強度が大きいものが好ましい。このような材料としては、プリント配線基板用の基板材料等が用いられ、例えば、ガラスエポキシ、ポリイミド等が挙げられる。所望の形状を有する枠部材2,3の形成は、機械加工、レーザ加工等により行なうことができる。枠部材2と枠部材3の厚みは同等であってもよく、異なるものでもよい。枠部材3の厚みは、開口部3a内に配設されるガス拡散層5と触媒層6の厚みを考慮して設定することができる。
The separator 1 is located in each opening 3 a of the one frame member 3, and includes a gas diffusion layer 5 that covers the unit conductive substrates 4 A, 4 B, and 4 C, and a catalyst layer that covers these gas diffusion layers 5. 6 are in close contact with each other. The catalyst layer 6 and the frame member 3 are substantially in the same plane.
The material of the pair of frame members 2 and 3 constituting the separator 1 is preferably a material that is insulating, has good workability, is light, and has high mechanical strength. As such a material, a substrate material for a printed wiring board is used, and examples thereof include glass epoxy and polyimide. The frame members 2 and 3 having a desired shape can be formed by machining, laser processing, or the like. The thickness of the frame member 2 and the frame member 3 may be the same or different. The thickness of the frame member 3 can be set in consideration of the thicknesses of the gas diffusion layer 5 and the catalyst layer 6 disposed in the opening 3a.

セパレータ1を構成するセパレータ部材4(単位導電性基板4A,4B,4C)に使用する導電性の材料としては、電気導電性が良く、所定の強度が得られ、加工性の良いものが好ましく、ステンレス、冷間圧延鋼板、アルミニウム等が挙げられる。
また、単位導電性基板は、少なくともガス拡散層5で被覆される面に耐食性(耐酸性)、電気導電性の樹脂層からなる保護層を備えていてもよい。このような保護層の形成方法としては、樹脂にカーボン粒子、耐食性の金属等の導電材を混ぜた材料を用いて電着により膜を形成し、加熱硬化する方法、あるいは、導電性高分子からなる樹脂に導電性を高めるドーパントを含んだ状態の膜を電解重合により形成する方法等が挙げられる。
As the conductive material used for the separator member 4 (unit conductive substrates 4A, 4B, 4C) constituting the separator 1, a material having good electrical conductivity, a predetermined strength, and good workability is preferable. Stainless steel, cold rolled steel sheet, aluminum and the like can be mentioned.
The unit conductive substrate may include a protective layer made of a corrosion-resistant (acid-resistant) and electrically conductive resin layer on at least the surface covered with the gas diffusion layer 5. As a method for forming such a protective layer, a method of forming a film by electrodeposition using a material in which a conductive material such as carbon particles and corrosion-resistant metal is mixed in a resin and then heat-curing, or a conductive polymer is used. The method of forming the film | membrane of the state which contained the dopant which improves electroconductivity in the resin to be formed by electrolytic polymerization etc. is mentioned.

また、単位導電性基板の表面に金めっき等のめっき処理を施して、導電性を損なうことなく、耐食性金属層を設けてもよい。さらに、このような耐食性金属層上に、耐酸性かつ電気導電性を有する保護層を配設してもよい。
各単位導電性基板4A,4B,4Cは、機械加工、フォトリソグラフィー技術を用いたエッチング加工により、所定の形状に加工したものであり、燃料供給用ないし酸素供給用の貫通孔4aを、これらの方法により形成したものである。尚、図示例では、各単位導電性基板に9個の貫通孔4aが形成されているが、形成個数、形成位置等には特に制限はない。
Further, the surface of the unit conductive substrate may be subjected to a plating process such as gold plating, and the corrosion resistant metal layer may be provided without impairing the conductivity. Furthermore, a protective layer having acid resistance and electrical conductivity may be disposed on such a corrosion-resistant metal layer.
Each of the unit conductive substrates 4A, 4B, and 4C is processed into a predetermined shape by machining and etching using a photolithography technique. The through holes 4a for fuel supply or oxygen supply are formed in these holes. It is formed by the method. In the illustrated example, nine through-holes 4a are formed in each unit conductive substrate, but there are no particular restrictions on the number, position, and the like of formation.

セパレータ1を構成するガス拡散層5は、多孔質の集電材からなるものであり、例えば、カーボン繊維、アルミナ等を使用することができる。ガス拡散層5の厚みは、例えば、20〜300μm程度の範囲で適宜設定することができる。
また、セパレータ1を構成する触媒層6は、セパレータ1が燃料供給側セパレータとして使用される場合には燃料極となり、酸素供給側セパレータとして使用される場合には酸素極となる。このような触媒層6の材質としては、白金、金、パラジウム、ルテニウム、銅、白金酸化物、タングステン酸化物、鉄、ニッケル、ロジウム等を挙げることができ、これらを単独で、あるいは、2種以上組み合わせて使用することができる。また、触媒層6の厚みは、例えば、10〜50μm程度の範囲で適宜設定することができる。
The gas diffusion layer 5 constituting the separator 1 is made of a porous current collector, and for example, carbon fiber, alumina or the like can be used. The thickness of the gas diffusion layer 5 can be appropriately set within a range of about 20 to 300 μm, for example.
The catalyst layer 6 constituting the separator 1 serves as a fuel electrode when the separator 1 is used as a fuel supply side separator, and serves as an oxygen electrode when used as an oxygen supply side separator. Examples of the material of the catalyst layer 6 include platinum, gold, palladium, ruthenium, copper, platinum oxide, tungsten oxide, iron, nickel, rhodium, and the like. These can be used in combination. Moreover, the thickness of the catalyst layer 6 can be suitably set, for example in the range of about 10-50 micrometers.

上述のような本発明のセパレータ1は、燃料供給側セパレータおよび酸素供給側セパレータとして使用できるものである。そして、1組のセパレータ1を燃料供給側セパレータおよび酸素供給側セパレータとし、高分子電解質膜を挟持一体化することにより平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池を製造することができ、従来のセパレータと異なり、高分子電解質型燃料電池の製造時におけるガス拡散層および触媒層(燃料極あるいは酸素極)との複数層の位置合せが不要であり、製造が極めて簡便なものとなる。製造された平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池を構成する単位導電性基板とガス拡散層と触媒層(燃料極あるいは酸素極)との接触は、本発明のセパレータ1において既に確実になされているため、接触抵抗の極めて少ない平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池が可能となる。また、挿入穴7にボルト等を挿入して締め付けが可能な本発明のセパレータの実施形態では、更に高度の接触抵抗の低減が可能となる。   The separator 1 of the present invention as described above can be used as a fuel supply side separator and an oxygen supply side separator. A pair of separators 1 can be used as a fuel supply side separator and an oxygen supply side separator, and a polymer electrolyte membrane can be sandwiched and integrated to manufacture a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell. In contrast, it is not necessary to align a plurality of layers with the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst layer (fuel electrode or oxygen electrode) during the production of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell, which makes the production extremely simple. Contact between the unit conductive substrate, the gas diffusion layer, and the catalyst layer (fuel electrode or oxygen electrode) constituting the manufactured planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell is already ensured in the separator 1 of the present invention. Therefore, a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell with extremely low contact resistance is possible. In the embodiment of the separator of the present invention in which a bolt or the like is inserted into the insertion hole 7 and can be tightened, the contact resistance can be further reduced.

(第2の実施態様)
図3は本発明の平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータの他の実施形態を示す図2相当の断面図である。
(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing another embodiment of a separator for a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell of the present invention.

図3において、本発明のセパレータ11の構成は、触媒層を備えていない他は、上述のセパレータ1と基本的に同じである。すなわち、セパレータ11は、複数の貫通孔14aを有する長方形状の単位導電性基板14A,14B,14Cが空隙部18を介して平面的に3個配列されたセパレータ部材14と、このセパレータ部材14を挟持するように一体化された一対の枠部材12,13とを備えている。枠部材12,13は、それぞれ周縁枠部材12A,13Aと、3箇所の開口部12a,13aを形成するように周縁枠部材12A,13Aにそれぞれ架け渡された2本の仕切り枠部材12B,13Bを有するものである。そして、各開口部12a,13aには、一対の枠部材12,13で挟持されたセパレータ部材14(単位導電性基板14A,14B,14C)が露出している。また、セパレータ部材14を挟持するように一体化された一対の枠部材12,13には、ボルト等の締め付け部材挿入用の挿入穴17が設けられている。   In FIG. 3, the configuration of the separator 11 of the present invention is basically the same as that of the above-described separator 1 except that the catalyst layer is not provided. That is, the separator 11 includes a separator member 14 in which three rectangular unit conductive substrates 14A, 14B, and 14C having a plurality of through holes 14a are arranged in a plane via a gap portion 18; A pair of frame members 12 and 13 are provided so as to be sandwiched. The frame members 12 and 13 include two partition frame members 12B and 13B that are respectively spanned over the peripheral frame members 12A and 13A so as to form the peripheral frame members 12A and 13A and three openings 12a and 13a, respectively. It is what has. The separator members 14 (unit conductive substrates 14A, 14B, 14C) sandwiched between the pair of frame members 12, 13 are exposed at the openings 12a, 13a. The pair of frame members 12 and 13 integrated so as to sandwich the separator member 14 are provided with insertion holes 17 for inserting fastening members such as bolts.

このセパレータ11は、一方の枠部材13の各開口部13a内に位置し、単位導電性基板14A,14B,14Cを被覆するガス拡散層15を密着した状態で備えている。そして、ガス拡散層15は、開口部13a内に触媒層を配設可能な深さで枠部材13に対して段差を有している。
このようなセパレータ11を構成する枠部材12,13、各単位導電性基板14A,14B,14C、ガス拡散層15は、上述の実施形態であるセパレータ1の枠部材2,3、各単位導電性基板4A,4B,4C、ガス拡散層5と同様とすることができ、ここでの説明は省略する。
The separator 11 is located in each opening 13a of one frame member 13 and includes a gas diffusion layer 15 that covers the unit conductive substrates 14A, 14B, and 14C. And the gas diffusion layer 15 has a level | step difference with respect to the frame member 13 by the depth which can arrange | position a catalyst layer in the opening part 13a.
The frame members 12, 13, the unit conductive substrates 14 A, 14 B, 14 C, and the gas diffusion layer 15 constituting the separator 11 are the same as the frame members 2, 3 of the separator 1 according to the above embodiment. The substrate 4A, 4B, 4C and the gas diffusion layer 5 can be the same, and the description thereof is omitted here.

上記の本発明のセパレータ11は、燃料供給側セパレータおよび酸素供給側セパレータとして使用できるものである。そして、1組のセパレータ11を燃料供給側セパレータおよび酸素供給側セパレータとし、両セパレータの各開口部13aと触媒層(燃料極あるいは酸素極)とを位置合せし、これらの触媒層で高分子電解質膜を挟持するように全体を一体化することにより平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池を製造することがでる。したがって、ガス拡散層と触媒層(燃料極あるいは酸素極)の多層の位置合せが不要であり、製造が極めて簡便なものとなる。また、製造された平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池を構成する単位導電性基板とガス拡散層との接触は、本発明のセパレータ11において既に確実になされているため、従来の多層を位置合せして積層した構造の燃料電池に比べて、接触抵抗の極めて少ない平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池が可能となる。また、挿入穴7にボルト等を挿入して締め付けが可能な本発明のセパレータの実施形態では、更に高度の接触抵抗の低減が可能となる。   The separator 11 of the present invention can be used as a fuel supply side separator and an oxygen supply side separator. A set of separators 11 is used as a fuel supply side separator and an oxygen supply side separator, and the openings 13a and catalyst layers (fuel electrode or oxygen electrode) of both separators are aligned, and these catalyst layers are used as a polymer electrolyte. A flat polymer electrolyte fuel cell can be manufactured by integrating the whole so as to sandwich the membrane. Therefore, the alignment of the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst layer (fuel electrode or oxygen electrode) is not necessary, and the production becomes very simple. In addition, since the unit conductive substrate constituting the manufactured planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell and the gas diffusion layer are already in contact with each other in the separator 11 of the present invention, the conventional multilayer is aligned. Thus, a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell with extremely low contact resistance can be obtained as compared with a fuel cell having a laminated structure. In the embodiment of the separator of the present invention in which a bolt or the like is inserted into the insertion hole 7 and can be tightened, the contact resistance can be further reduced.

尚、本発明のセパレータ11は、上述のセパレータ1に比べて、平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池の製造時に触媒層の位置合わせが必要となるが、セパレータの使用目的に応じて触媒層の選択が可能となる。したがって、本発明のセパレータ1とセパレータ11は、高分子電解質型燃料電池の製造ロット数、品種数等に応じて適宜使い分けることができる。   Note that the separator 11 of the present invention requires alignment of the catalyst layer during the production of a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell as compared with the separator 1 described above, but depending on the purpose of use of the separator, Selection becomes possible. Therefore, the separator 1 and the separator 11 of the present invention can be properly used according to the number of production lots, types, etc. of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell.

(第3の実施態様)
図4は本発明の平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータの他の実施形態と、このセパレータを構成するセパレータ部材、ガス拡散層、触媒層を離間させた状態で示す斜視図である。また、図5は図4に示されるセパレータのII−II線における矢視断面図であり、図6は図4に示されるセパレータのIII−III線における矢視断面図である。
(Third embodiment)
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the separator for a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to the present invention and a separator member, a gas diffusion layer, and a catalyst layer constituting the separator in a separated state. . 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of the separator shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of the separator shown in FIG.

図4〜図6において、本発明のセパレータ21は、枠部材を構成する2本の仕切り枠部材の形状、および、枠部材の開口部に配設されたガス拡散層と触媒層の形状が上述のセパレータ1と異なる他は、上述のセパレータ1と基本的な構成が同じである。すなわち、セパレータ21は、複数の貫通孔24aを有する長方形状の単位導電性基板24A,24B,24Cが空隙部28を介して平面的に3個配列されたセパレータ部材24と、このセパレータ部材24を挟持するように一体化された一対の枠部材22,23とを備えている。枠部材22,23は、それぞれ周縁枠部材22A,23Aと、3箇所の開口部22a,23aを形成するように周縁枠部材22A,23Aに架け渡された2本の仕切り枠部材22B,23Bを有するものである。そして、各開口部22a,23aには、一対の枠部材22,23で挟持されたセパレータ部材24(単位導電性基板24A,24B,24C)が露出している。これらの単位導電性基板24A,24B,24Cを被覆するように、一方の枠部材23の各開口部23a内に、ガス拡散層25A,25B,25Cと、触媒層26A,26B,26Cが密着した状態で積層され、触媒層26A,26B,26Cと枠部材23とは略同一面をなしている。   4 to 6, the separator 21 of the present invention has the above-described shapes of the two partition frame members constituting the frame member, and the shapes of the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst layer disposed in the opening of the frame member. The basic configuration is the same as that of the separator 1 except that the separator 1 is different. That is, the separator 21 includes a separator member 24 in which three rectangular unit conductive substrates 24A, 24B, and 24C having a plurality of through-holes 24a are arranged in a plane via the gap portion 28, and the separator member 24. A pair of frame members 22 and 23 are provided so as to be sandwiched. The frame members 22 and 23 include two peripheral frame members 22B and 23B spanned between the peripheral frame members 22A and 23A so as to form the peripheral frame members 22A and 23A and three openings 22a and 23a, respectively. It is what you have. In each opening 22a, 23a, a separator member 24 (unit conductive substrates 24A, 24B, 24C) sandwiched between the pair of frame members 22, 23 is exposed. The gas diffusion layers 25A, 25B, and 25C and the catalyst layers 26A, 26B, and 26C are in close contact with each other in the openings 23a of the one frame member 23 so as to cover these unit conductive substrates 24A, 24B, and 24C. The catalyst layers 26A, 26B, 26C and the frame member 23 are substantially flush with each other.

このようなセパレータ21では、セパレータ部材24を挟持するように一体化された一対の枠部材22,23に、ボルト等の締め付け部材挿入用の挿入穴27が設けられている。図示例では、周縁枠部材22A,23Aに10個の挿入穴27が設けられ、2本の仕切り枠部材22B,23Bにはそれぞれ1個の挿入穴27が設けられている。そして、枠部材22,23を構成する2本の仕切り枠部材22B,23Bは、挿入穴27を有する略円形状の締め付け部22C,23Cを略中央に備えており、挿入穴27の近傍部位である締め付け部22C,23Cを除いて、周縁枠部材22A,23Aよりも細いものとなっている。これに対応して、単位導電性基板24A,24B,24Cは、仕切り枠部材22B,23Bで挟持される端辺に略半円形状の切欠き部24bを有している。また、各ガス拡散層25A,25B,25Cは、仕切り枠部材22B,23Bに当接する端辺に略半円形状の切欠き部25aを有し、また、触媒層26A,26B,26Cも、仕切り枠部材22B,23Bに当接する端辺に略半円形状の切欠き部26aを有している。これにより、仕切り枠部材22B,23Bに挿入穴27を設けても、各単位導電性基板24A,24B,24Cに相当する単位セルの有効面積を充分に確保できる。   In such a separator 21, an insertion hole 27 for inserting a fastening member such as a bolt is provided in a pair of frame members 22, 23 integrated so as to sandwich the separator member 24. In the illustrated example, ten insertion holes 27 are provided in the peripheral frame members 22A and 23A, and one insertion hole 27 is provided in each of the two partition frame members 22B and 23B. The two partition frame members 22B and 23B constituting the frame members 22 and 23 are provided with substantially circular tightening portions 22C and 23C having an insertion hole 27 at a substantially central portion. Except for certain tightening portions 22C and 23C, they are thinner than the peripheral frame members 22A and 23A. Correspondingly, the unit conductive substrates 24A, 24B, and 24C have substantially semicircular cutout portions 24b on the end sides sandwiched between the partition frame members 22B and 23B. Further, each gas diffusion layer 25A, 25B, 25C has a substantially semicircular cutout portion 25a at the end abutting against the partition frame members 22B, 23B, and the catalyst layers 26A, 26B, 26C are also partitioned. A substantially semi-circular cutout portion 26a is provided on an end side in contact with the frame members 22B and 23B. Thereby, even if the insertion hole 27 is provided in the partition frame members 22B and 23B, the effective area of the unit cell corresponding to each unit conductive substrate 24A, 24B, and 24C can be sufficiently secured.

ここで、仕切り枠部材22B,23Bにおける締め付け部22C,23Cは、締め付け部材を用いた締め付け作用に必要な部位であり、仕切り枠部材22B,23Bの材質、厚み等を考慮して設定することができ、例えば、図示のように、挿入穴27と同心のリング状をなし、挿入穴27の開口径と同程度の径を有するもの、あるいは、リング状の幅が2mm以上であるものとすることができる。尚、本発明では、締め付け部22C,23Cを含めて、2本の仕切り枠部材22B,23B全体が、周縁枠部材22A,23Aよりも細いものであってもよく、また、1本の仕切り枠部材に2以上の締め付け部を有するものであってもよい。   Here, the tightening portions 22C and 23C in the partition frame members 22B and 23B are portions necessary for the tightening operation using the tightening member, and can be set in consideration of the material, thickness, and the like of the partition frame members 22B and 23B. For example, as shown in the figure, it has a ring shape concentric with the insertion hole 27 and has the same diameter as the opening diameter of the insertion hole 27, or the ring width is 2 mm or more. Can do. In the present invention, the entire two partition frame members 22B and 23B including the tightening portions 22C and 23C may be thinner than the peripheral frame members 22A and 23A, or one partition frame. The member may have two or more tightening portions.

このようなセパレータ21を構成する枠部材22,23、各単位導電性基板24A,24B,24C、ガス拡散層25A,25B,25C、触媒層26A,26B,26Cは、枠部材を構成する2本の仕切り枠部材の形状、および、枠部材の開口部内に配設されたガス拡散層と触媒層の形状を除いて、上述の実施形態であるセパレータ1の枠部材2,3、各単位導電性基板4A,4B,4C、ガス拡散層5、触媒層6と同様とすることができ、ここでの説明は省略する。   The frame members 22 and 23 constituting the separator 21, the unit conductive substrates 24A, 24B and 24C, the gas diffusion layers 25A, 25B and 25C, and the catalyst layers 26A, 26B and 26C are two pieces constituting the frame member. Except for the shape of the partition frame member and the shape of the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst layer disposed in the opening of the frame member, the frame members 2 and 3 of the separator 1 according to the above-described embodiment, each unit conductivity The substrates 4A, 4B, and 4C, the gas diffusion layer 5, and the catalyst layer 6 can be the same, and description thereof is omitted here.

上述のような本発明のセパレータ21は、燃料供給側セパレータおよび酸素供給側セパレータとして使用できるものである。そして、1組のセパレータ21を燃料供給側セパレータおよび酸素供給側セパレータとし、高分子電解質膜を挟持一体化することにより平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池を製造することができ、ガス拡散層および触媒層(燃料極あるいは酸素極)の複数の層との位置合せが不要であり、製造が極めて簡便なものとなる。製造された平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池を構成する単位導電性基板とガス拡散層と触媒層(燃料極あるいは酸素極)との接触は、本発明のセパレータ21において既に確実になされているため、接触抵抗の極めて少ない平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池が可能となる。また、挿入穴27にボルト等を挿入して締め付けが可能であり、更に高度の接触抵抗の低減が可能となる。   The separator 21 of the present invention as described above can be used as a fuel supply side separator and an oxygen supply side separator. A set of separators 21 is used as a fuel supply side separator and an oxygen supply side separator, and a polymer electrolyte membrane is sandwiched and integrated to manufacture a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell. Positioning with a plurality of layers of the catalyst layer (fuel electrode or oxygen electrode) is unnecessary, and the production becomes extremely simple. Contact between the unit conductive substrate, the gas diffusion layer, and the catalyst layer (fuel electrode or oxygen electrode) constituting the manufactured planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell has already been ensured in the separator 21 of the present invention. Therefore, a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell with extremely low contact resistance is possible. Further, a bolt or the like can be inserted into the insertion hole 27 and tightened, and a further reduction in contact resistance can be achieved.

本発明では、上記のセパレータ21において、触媒層26A,26B,26Cを備えていない態様とすることもできる。
尚、図1〜図6に示す本発明のセパレータは、単位導電性基板を3個配列したセパレータ(単位セル数が3個)であるが、2個、あるいは4個以上の単位導電性基板を備えたものも同様である。
また、本発明のセパレータの各単位導電性基板間に存在する空隙部8,18,28には、絶縁性材料、例えば、エポキシ樹脂、フッ素系樹脂などの接着剤が充填され存在するものであってもよい。
In the present invention, the separator 21 may not include the catalyst layers 26A, 26B, and 26C.
The separator of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 is a separator in which three unit conductive substrates are arranged (the number of unit cells is three), but two or four or more unit conductive substrates are used. The same is true for those provided.
Further, the gaps 8, 18, and 28 existing between the unit conductive substrates of the separator of the present invention are filled with an insulating material, for example, an adhesive such as an epoxy resin or a fluorine resin. May be.

次に、本発明のセパレータを用いた平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池の一例を説明する。図7は1組の本発明のセパレータを燃料供給側セパレータおよび酸素供給側セパレータとした平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池の例を示す断面図である。図7に示されるように、高分子電解質型燃料電池41は、ガス拡散層5と触媒層6(燃料極あるいは酸素極)を備えている面(枠部材3側)が高分子電解質膜42に当接するようにして1組のセパレータ1で高分子電解質膜42を挟持一体化したものである。したがって、ガス拡散層およぼ触媒層(燃料極あるいは酸素極)との位置合せを行う必要がなく、高分子電解質膜42を介して1組のセパレータ1を対向させ一体化するだけで平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池を製造することができる。   Next, an example of a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell using the separator of the present invention will be described. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a planar type polymer electrolyte fuel cell in which a pair of separators of the present invention is a fuel supply side separator and an oxygen supply side separator. As shown in FIG. 7, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell 41 has a surface (the frame member 3 side) provided with the gas diffusion layer 5 and the catalyst layer 6 (fuel electrode or oxygen electrode) on the polymer electrolyte membrane 42. The polymer electrolyte membrane 42 is sandwiched and integrated by a pair of separators 1 so as to be in contact with each other. Therefore, it is not necessary to align the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst layer (fuel electrode or oxygen electrode), and the planar separator can be formed by simply facing and integrating a pair of separators 1 through the polymer electrolyte membrane 42. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell can be manufactured.

尚、図7では、セパレータ1の挿入穴7に挿入する締め付け部材は示していないが、締め付け部材は、セパレータ1の単体状態で締め付け部材を挿入して締め付けがなされている。また、セパレータ1の単体状態での締め付けをせずに、図7に示されるように、1組のセパレータを燃料供給側セパレータおよび酸素供給側セパレータとして平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池を構成した段階で、高分子電解質膜42にも挿入穴を設けて、燃料電池全体を締め付けるように挿入穴7に締め付け部材を挿入してもよい。   In FIG. 7, a fastening member to be inserted into the insertion hole 7 of the separator 1 is not shown, but the fastening member is tightened by inserting the fastening member in a single state of the separator 1. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the flat polymer electrolyte fuel cell was configured by using one set of separators as a fuel supply side separator and an oxygen supply side separator without tightening the separator 1 in a single state. In the stage, the polymer electrolyte membrane 42 may be provided with an insertion hole, and a fastening member may be inserted into the insertion hole 7 so as to tighten the entire fuel cell.

図7に示される高分子電解質型燃料電池41では、3個の単位セルが平面的に配列されており、単位セル間のセパレータ部材4の電気的接続は特に制限されない。例えば、高分子電解質型燃料電池41の側面において、ワイヤ等の導電性部材を用いて隣接する単位セルのセパレータ部材を電気的に接続することができる。また、セパレータ1(燃料供給側セパレータおよび酸素供給側セパレータ)の枠部材の単位セル領域外に、高分子電解質型燃料電池41を貫通する穴部、および、セパレータ部材4が露出するような接続用の穴部を形成し、これらの穴部を用いて導電性ペースト等により隣接する単位セルのセパレータ部材を電気的に接続してもよい。   In the polymer electrolyte fuel cell 41 shown in FIG. 7, the three unit cells are arranged in a plane, and the electrical connection of the separator member 4 between the unit cells is not particularly limited. For example, on the side surface of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell 41, separator members of adjacent unit cells can be electrically connected using a conductive member such as a wire. In addition, a hole that penetrates the polymer electrolyte fuel cell 41 and a connection member that exposes the separator member 4 outside the unit cell region of the frame member of the separator 1 (fuel supply side separator and oxygen supply side separator). These hole portions may be formed, and the separator members of the adjacent unit cells may be electrically connected using a conductive paste or the like using these hole portions.

[セパレータの製造方法]
次に、本発明のセパレータの製造方法を図1、図2に示されるセパレータ1を例として図8を参照しながら説明する。
まず、個別に作製されたセパレータ部材4と枠部材2,3とを固着して一体化する。すなわち、複数の貫通孔4aを有する単位導電性基板4A,4B,4Cが空隙部8を介して平面的に3個配列されたセパレータ部材4を、単位導電性基板4A,4B,4Cの配列位置に対応してそれぞれ3個の開口部2a,3aを有する一対の枠部材2,3で挟持一体化する(図8(A))。この工程では、例えば、複数の貫通孔4aを有する3個の単位導電性基板4A,4B,4Cが所定の空隙部8を介して平面的に配列した状態で、複数のリブを介して枠体(図示せず)に支持された部材を作製し、この部材を挟持するように枠部材2,3を位置合せしながら固着し、その後、リブを切断して枠体を除去することができる。
[Manufacturing method of separator]
Next, the separator manufacturing method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 8 taking the separator 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 as an example.
First, the separately produced separator member 4 and the frame members 2 and 3 are fixed and integrated. That is, the separator member 4 in which three unit conductive substrates 4A, 4B, and 4C having a plurality of through-holes 4a are arranged in a plane via the gap 8 is arranged at the arrangement position of the unit conductive substrates 4A, 4B, and 4C. And a pair of frame members 2 and 3 each having three openings 2a and 3a (FIG. 8A). In this step, for example, in a state where three unit conductive substrates 4A, 4B, 4C having a plurality of through holes 4a are arranged in a plane via predetermined gaps 8, a frame body is provided via a plurality of ribs. A member supported by (not shown) is manufactured, and the frame members 2 and 3 are fixed while being positioned so as to sandwich the member, and then the rib can be cut to remove the frame.

上記の枠部材2,3とセパレータ部材4との固着は、例えば、エポキシ樹脂などの接着剤を塗布し、各部材を重ね合わせた状態で、接着剤を硬化させ固定する方法等がある。この場合に用いられる接着剤は、その製造のプロセスにおいて他の部材に影響を及ぼさず、かつ、燃料電池に使用された際、その動作条件に対する耐性が優れたものであれば、特に限定はされない。また、接着剤ではなく、プリント基板で用いられるようなプリプレグのような半硬化状態の樹脂シートを挟み込んで枠部材2,3とセパレータ部材4を重ね合わせ、熱圧着して固着してもよい。   The fixing of the frame members 2 and 3 and the separator member 4 includes, for example, a method in which an adhesive such as an epoxy resin is applied and the adhesive is cured and fixed in a state where the members are overlapped. The adhesive used in this case is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect other members in the manufacturing process and has excellent resistance to operating conditions when used in a fuel cell. . Further, instead of the adhesive, a semi-cured resin sheet such as a prepreg used in a printed circuit board may be sandwiched so that the frame members 2 and 3 and the separator member 4 are overlapped and fixed by thermocompression bonding.

次に、上記の枠部材3の3個の開口部3aの形状、位置に対応するように3個のガス拡散層5が基材52上に剥離可能に形成された転写部材51を準備し、3個のガス拡散層5を3個の開口部3a内の単位導電性基板4A,4B,4Cに固着し、基材52を剥離することにより、ガス拡散層5を各単位導電性基板4A,4B,4C上に転写形成する(図8(B))。転写部材51を構成する基材52としては、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム、アルミナ箔、銅箔、テフロン(登録商標)シート等を用いることができる。また、基材52上に剥離可能に形成されるガス拡散層5は、例えば、カーボン繊維、アルミナ等を、酢酸メチル、2−プロパノール、ブタノール等によりペースト化したガス拡散層用塗布液を使用し、例えば、スクリーン印刷法により印刷、乾燥することにより形成することができる。   Next, the transfer member 51 in which the three gas diffusion layers 5 are formed on the base material 52 so as to be peelable so as to correspond to the shape and position of the three openings 3a of the frame member 3 is prepared. The three gas diffusion layers 5 are fixed to the unit conductive substrates 4A, 4B, 4C in the three openings 3a, and the base material 52 is peeled off, whereby the gas diffusion layer 5 is attached to each unit conductive substrate 4A, Transfer formation is performed on 4B and 4C (FIG. 8B). As the base material 52 constituting the transfer member 51, a polyethylene terephthalate film, an alumina foil, a copper foil, a Teflon (registered trademark) sheet, or the like can be used. The gas diffusion layer 5 formed on the substrate 52 in a peelable manner uses, for example, a coating solution for gas diffusion layer obtained by pasting carbon fiber, alumina or the like with methyl acetate, 2-propanol, butanol or the like. For example, it can be formed by printing and drying by a screen printing method.

次いで、上記の枠部材3の3個の開口部3aの形状、位置に対応するように3個の触媒層6が基材62上に剥離可能に形成された転写部材61を準備し、3個の触媒層6を3個の開口部3a内のガス拡散層5に固着し、基材62を剥離することにより、触媒層6をガス拡散層5上に転写形成する(図8(C)、(D))。転写部材61を構成する基材62は、上記の基材52と同様とすることができる。また、基材62上に剥離可能に形成される触媒層6は、例えば、白金、金、パラジウム、ルテニウム、ロジウム、鉄、ニッケル、銅、白金酸化物、タングステン酸化物等の金属粉体をメタノール、エタノール、ブタノール、酢酸メチル等の有機溶媒とバインダーで混練した触媒層用塗布液を使用し、例えば、スクリーン印刷法により印刷、乾燥することにより形成することができる。このようにガス拡散層5上に触媒層6を転写形成した状態で、触媒層6と枠部材3とが図示にように略同一面をなすようにすることが好ましい。尚、バインダーとして高分子電解質を使用してもよい。   Next, a transfer member 61 in which three catalyst layers 6 are formed on the base material 62 so as to be peelable so as to correspond to the shape and position of the three openings 3a of the frame member 3 is prepared. The catalyst layer 6 is fixed to the gas diffusion layer 5 in the three openings 3a, and the base material 62 is peeled off to transfer and form the catalyst layer 6 on the gas diffusion layer 5 (FIG. 8C). (D)). The base material 62 constituting the transfer member 61 can be the same as the base material 52 described above. Further, the catalyst layer 6 formed on the base material 62 so as to be peelable is made of, for example, a metal powder such as platinum, gold, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, iron, nickel, copper, platinum oxide, tungsten oxide or the like in methanol. It can be formed by using a coating solution for a catalyst layer kneaded with an organic solvent such as ethanol, butanol or methyl acetate and a binder, for example, by printing and drying by a screen printing method. In the state where the catalyst layer 6 is transferred and formed on the gas diffusion layer 5 in this manner, it is preferable that the catalyst layer 6 and the frame member 3 are substantially flush with each other as shown. A polymer electrolyte may be used as the binder.

上記のように、スクリーン印刷法によりガス拡散層5、触媒層6を剥離可能に基材上に形成する場合、例えば、上述の第3の実施形態のセパレータ21のように、仕切り枠部材22B,23Bの形状が複雑で、ガス拡散層5、触媒層6の端辺が直線ではないような設計であっても、容易に対応することができる。
また、開口部3a内へのガス拡散層5の転写形成、触媒層6の転写形成における位置合せが、枠部材3の開口部3aの位置と転写部材51のガス拡散層5との1:1の位置合せ、および、枠部材3の開口部3aの位置と転写部材61の触媒層6との1:1の位置合せとなる。このため、複数の層の同時位置合せが不要であり、工程管理が容易なものとなる。
As described above, when the gas diffusion layer 5 and the catalyst layer 6 are formed on the substrate so as to be peelable by the screen printing method, for example, as in the separator 21 of the above-described third embodiment, the partition frame member 22B, Even if the shape of 23B is complicated and the ends of the gas diffusion layer 5 and the catalyst layer 6 are not straight, it can be easily handled.
Further, the positioning in the transfer formation of the gas diffusion layer 5 into the opening 3a and the transfer formation of the catalyst layer 6 is 1: 1 between the position of the opening 3a of the frame member 3 and the gas diffusion layer 5 of the transfer member 51. And the 1: 1 alignment between the position of the opening 3 a of the frame member 3 and the catalyst layer 6 of the transfer member 61. For this reason, simultaneous alignment of a plurality of layers is unnecessary, and process management becomes easy.

また、上述の第2の実施形態のセパレータ11のように、ガス拡散層15を備えるが、触媒層は備えないようなセパレータの製造方法も、上述のセパレータ1の製造方法と同様に、ガス拡散層の転写形成により行うことができる。但し、ガス拡散層を形成した状態で、触媒層を配設可能な深さで、ガス拡散層が枠部材に対して段差を有するようにすることが好ましい。   Further, as in the separator 11 of the second embodiment described above, the separator manufacturing method that includes the gas diffusion layer 15 but does not include the catalyst layer is the same as the separator 1 manufacturing method described above. This can be done by transferring the layer. However, it is preferable that the gas diffusion layer has a step with respect to the frame member at a depth at which the catalyst layer can be disposed with the gas diffusion layer formed.

本発明は平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池の製造に適用することができる。   The present invention can be applied to the manufacture of a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell.

本発明の平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータの一実施形態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows one Embodiment of the separator for planar type polymer electrolyte fuel cells of this invention. 図1に示されるセパレータのI−I線における矢視断面図である。It is arrow sectional drawing in the II line | wire of the separator shown by FIG. 本発明の平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータの他の実施形態を示す図2相当の断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing another embodiment of a separator for a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell of the present invention. 本発明の平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータの他の実施形態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows other embodiment of the separator for planar type polymer electrolyte fuel cells of this invention. 図4に示されるセパレータのII−II線における矢視断面図である。It is arrow sectional drawing in the II-II line of the separator shown by FIG. 図4に示されるセパレータのIII−III線における矢視断面図である。It is arrow sectional drawing in the III-III line of the separator shown by FIG. 本発明のセパレータを用いた平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池の一例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the planar type polymer electrolyte fuel cell using the separator of this invention. 本発明のセパレータの製造方法を説明するための工程図である。It is process drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the separator of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1,11,21…セパレータ
2,3,12,13,22,23…枠部材
2a,3a,12a,13a,22a,23a…開口部
2A,3A,12A,13A,22A,23A…周縁枠部材
2B,3B,12B,13B,22B,23B…仕切り枠部材
4,14,24…セパレータ部材
4A,4B,4C,14A,14B,14C,24A,24B,24C…単位導電性基板
4a,14a,24a…貫通孔
5,15,25A,25B,25C…ガス拡散層
6,16,26A,26B,26C…触媒層
7,17,27…締め付け部材挿入用の挿入穴
22C,23C…締め付け部
41…高分子電解質型燃料電池
42…高分子電解質膜
51,61…転写部材
52,62…基材
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,11,21 ... Separator 2,3,12,13,22,23 ... Frame member 2a, 3a, 12a, 13a, 22a, 23a ... Opening part 2A, 3A, 12A, 13A, 22A, 23A ... Peripheral frame member 2B, 3B, 12B, 13B, 22B, 23B ... partition frame members 4, 14, 24 ... separator members 4A, 4B, 4C, 14A, 14B, 14C, 24A, 24B, 24C ... unit conductive substrates 4a, 14a, 24a ... Through holes 5,15,25A, 25B, 25C ... Gas diffusion layers 6,16,26A, 26B, 26C ... Catalyst layers 7,17,27 ... Insertion holes for inserting fastening members 22C, 23C ... Tightening parts 41 ... High Molecular electrolyte type fuel cell 42 ... Polymer electrolyte membrane 51,61 ... Transfer member 52,62 ... Base material

Claims (9)

単位セルを平面的に配列した平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータにおいて、
複数の貫通孔を有する単位導電性基板が空隙部を介して平面的に2個以上配列されたセパレータ部材と、
周縁枠部材と、前記単位導電性基板の配列位置に対応して2個以上の開口部を形成するように前記周縁枠部材間に架け渡された複数の仕切り枠部材と、を有し、前記セパレータ部材を挟持するように一体化された一対の枠部材と、
一方の枠部材の前記開口部内に位置し、前記単位導電性基板を被覆するガス拡散層と、
を備えたことを特徴とする平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータ。
In a separator for a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell in which unit cells are arranged in a plane,
A separator member in which two or more unit conductive substrates having a plurality of through-holes are arranged in a plane via a gap;
A peripheral frame member, and a plurality of partition frame members spanned between the peripheral frame members so as to form two or more openings corresponding to the arrangement positions of the unit conductive substrates, A pair of frame members integrated to sandwich the separator member;
A gas diffusion layer located in the opening of one frame member and covering the unit conductive substrate;
A separator for a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell, comprising:
前記ガス拡散層は、前記開口部内に触媒層を配設可能な深さで前記枠部材に対して段差を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータ。   2. The planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the gas diffusion layer has a step with respect to the frame member at a depth that allows the catalyst layer to be disposed in the opening. Separator. 単位セルを平面的に配列した平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータにおいて、
複数の貫通孔を有する単位導電性基板が空隙部を介して平面的に2個以上配列されたセパレータ部材と、
周縁枠部材と、前記単位導電性基板の配列位置に対応して2個以上の開口部を形成するように前記周縁枠部材間に架け渡された複数の仕切り枠部材と、を有し、前記セパレータ部材を挟持するように一体化された一対の枠部材と、
一方の枠部材の前記開口部内に位置し、前記単位導電性基板を被覆するガス拡散層、および、該ガス拡散層を被覆する触媒層と、
を備え、該触媒層と前記枠部材とは略同一面をなすことを特徴とする平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータ。
In a separator for a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell in which unit cells are arranged in a plane,
A separator member in which two or more unit conductive substrates having a plurality of through-holes are arranged in a plane via a gap;
A peripheral frame member, and a plurality of partition frame members spanned between the peripheral frame members so as to form two or more openings corresponding to the arrangement positions of the unit conductive substrates, A pair of frame members integrated to sandwich the separator member;
A gas diffusion layer located in the opening of one frame member and covering the unit conductive substrate, and a catalyst layer covering the gas diffusion layer;
A separator for a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell, characterized in that the catalyst layer and the frame member are substantially flush with each other.
前記セパレータ部材を挟持するように一体化された一対の枠部材は、締め付け部材挿入用の挿入穴を複数備えることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれかに記載の平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータ。   4. The flat type height according to claim 1, wherein the pair of frame members integrated so as to sandwich the separator member includes a plurality of insertion holes for inserting fastening members. 5. Separator for molecular electrolyte fuel cell. 前記開口部間に位置する仕切り枠部材は前記挿入穴を備えるとともに、仕切り枠部材の幅は前記挿入穴の近傍部位を除いて、周縁枠部材の幅よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータ。   5. The partition frame member positioned between the openings includes the insertion hole, and the width of the partition frame member is smaller than the width of the peripheral frame member except for the vicinity of the insertion hole. A separator for a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell as described in 1 above. 単位セルを平面的に配列した平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータの製造方法において、
複数の貫通孔を有する単位導電性基板が空隙部を介して平面的に2個以上配列されたセパレータ部材を、前記単位導電性基板の配列位置に対応して2個以上の開口部を有する一対の枠部材で挟持一体化する工程と、
前記開口部の形状、位置と対応するようにガス拡散層が基材上に剥離可能に形成された転写部材を用いて、一方の枠部材の前記開口部内に前記単位導電性基板と当接するようにガス拡散層を転写形成する工程と、
を有することを特徴とする平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータの製造方法。
In a method for producing a separator for a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell in which unit cells are planarly arranged,
A pair of separator members in which two or more unit conductive substrates having a plurality of through-holes are arranged in a plane via gaps are provided with two or more openings corresponding to the arrangement positions of the unit conductive substrates. A step of sandwiching and integrating with the frame member,
Using a transfer member in which a gas diffusion layer is formed on a base material so as to be peelable so as to correspond to the shape and position of the opening, the unit conductive substrate is brought into contact with the opening of one frame member. A step of transferring and forming a gas diffusion layer;
A method for producing a separator for a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell, comprising:
前記転写部材は、スクリーン印刷により前記基材上に剥離可能にガス拡散層を形成したものであることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータの製造方法。   7. The separator for a flat polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the transfer member is formed by forming a gas diffusion layer on the substrate so as to be peelable by screen printing. Method. さらに、前記開口部の形状、位置と対応するように触媒層が基材上に剥離可能に形成された転写部材を用いて、前記ガス拡散層と当接するように触媒層を転写形成する工程を有することを特徴とする請求項6または請求項7に記載の平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータの製造方法。   And a step of transferring and forming the catalyst layer in contact with the gas diffusion layer using a transfer member formed on the substrate so that the catalyst layer can be peeled off so as to correspond to the shape and position of the opening. A method for producing a separator for a planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by comprising: 前記転写部材は、スクリーン印刷により前記基材上に剥離可能にガス拡散層または触媒層を形成したものであることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の平面型の高分子電解質型燃料電池用のセパレータの製造方法。   9. The planar polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 8, wherein the transfer member has a gas diffusion layer or a catalyst layer formed on the base material by screen printing so as to be peelable. Separator manufacturing method.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006038701A1 (en) * 2004-10-05 2006-04-13 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Flat type polyelectrolytic fuel cell-use separators
JP2007080746A (en) * 2005-09-15 2007-03-29 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd Separator pair for flat polymer electrolyte fuel cell and flat polymer electrolyte fuel cell
JP2007280636A (en) * 2006-04-03 2007-10-25 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd Separator for polymer electrolyte fuel cell and its manufacturing method
US8697300B2 (en) 2008-03-31 2014-04-15 Rohm Co., Ltd. Fuel cell, and method for manufacturing the same

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006038701A1 (en) * 2004-10-05 2006-04-13 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Flat type polyelectrolytic fuel cell-use separators
US8039168B2 (en) 2004-10-05 2011-10-18 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Separator for flat-type polymer electrolyte fuel cells
JP2007080746A (en) * 2005-09-15 2007-03-29 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd Separator pair for flat polymer electrolyte fuel cell and flat polymer electrolyte fuel cell
JP2007280636A (en) * 2006-04-03 2007-10-25 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd Separator for polymer electrolyte fuel cell and its manufacturing method
US8697300B2 (en) 2008-03-31 2014-04-15 Rohm Co., Ltd. Fuel cell, and method for manufacturing the same

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