JP2005205496A - Tool for friction stir welding, backing plate for friction stir welding and friction stir welding method - Google Patents

Tool for friction stir welding, backing plate for friction stir welding and friction stir welding method Download PDF

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JP2005205496A
JP2005205496A JP2004365134A JP2004365134A JP2005205496A JP 2005205496 A JP2005205496 A JP 2005205496A JP 2004365134 A JP2004365134 A JP 2004365134A JP 2004365134 A JP2004365134 A JP 2004365134A JP 2005205496 A JP2005205496 A JP 2005205496A
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friction stir
stir welding
joined
tool
curved surface
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JP4450728B2 (en
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Noritaka Eguchi
法孝 江口
Yoshihaya Imamura
美速 今村
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tool for friction stir welding, which leaves no trace of welding, causes no excessive weight increase, joins a surface in beautiful condition, and avoids joining cost increase, even when materials to be welded have curved surfaces and must be joined together at the curved surfaces with friction stir welding, and to provide a backing plate for friction stir welding and a friction stir welding method. <P>SOLUTION: The tool for friction-stir welding comprises a main unit 1 which is cylindrical and supported by a rotary drive device, a shoulder part 4 provided at the tip of the main unit 1, and a pin 2 provided in the center of the shoulder part 4. The shoulder part 4 has a hemispherical convex surface which is curved. The convex surface is curved, coordinating to the inward curved surfaces of the materials to be joined. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、曲面部を有するアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金材（以下、総称してアルミニウムという）の摩擦撹拌接合に使用する摩擦撹拌接合用ツール、摩擦撹拌接合用裏当て及び摩擦撹拌接合方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a friction stir welding tool, a friction stir welding backing, and a friction stir welding method used for friction stir welding of aluminum or an aluminum alloy material (hereinafter collectively referred to as aluminum) having a curved surface.

車両、自動車、二輪車、架装材等の輸送機に使用される構造材には、軽量化を目的としてアルミニウム材の使用が進んでいる。アルミニウム材を使用してこれらの構造材を製造する場合、アルミニウム材同士を接合する際に、従来はミグ及びティグ等のアーク溶接、レーザー溶接、及びリベット等の機械的接合方法が使用されていた。一方、床材及び屋根材等の構造材並びに内外装材等は、その表面の剛性を向上させるために、又は意匠性を具備させるために、曲面を有するアルミニウム板が使用されている。このアルミニウム板と、骨格部材との接合においては、溶接及びリベット接合等、種々の方法が適用可能であるが、表面の美観性、人が触れたときの感触の良さ、又は空気抵抗が少ないこと等が要求される場合には、表面に接合痕を残さない接合方法を採用することが必要である。   For structural materials used in transportation equipment such as vehicles, automobiles, two-wheeled vehicles, and bodywork materials, aluminum materials are being used for the purpose of weight reduction. When manufacturing these structural materials using aluminum materials, when joining the aluminum materials, conventionally, arc welding such as MIG and TIG, laser welding, and mechanical joining methods such as rivets have been used. . On the other hand, structural materials such as floor materials and roof materials, and interior / exterior materials, etc., use an aluminum plate having a curved surface in order to improve the rigidity of the surface or to provide design properties. Various methods such as welding and riveting can be applied to join the aluminum plate to the skeleton member, but the surface aesthetics, good touch when touched, or low air resistance. Etc. are required, it is necessary to adopt a joining method that does not leave a joining mark on the surface.

近年、新たな接合方法として、摩擦撹拌接合が開発されているが、これは特許第２７９２２３３号（特許文献１）に示されるように、ツールを被接合材に挿入して固相状態で撹拌することによって接合する技術であり、接合部周辺の熱影響が少ないという利点がある。この摩擦撹拌接合は、施工条件によっては裏面に接合痕が残らないため、アーク及びリベットによる接合方法よりも優れている。図４は従来の摩擦撹拌ツールを示す正面図である。円柱状の本体部１が摩擦撹拌接合装置に支持され、回転駆動される。この本体部１のショルダー部３の表面の中央には、ピン２が設けられており、本体部１を回転駆動し、回転するピン２を被接合部材に挿入することによりピン２と被接合部材との間で発生する摩擦熱により、被接合部材を接合する。このとき、ショルダー部３は、被接合部材を押圧する必要があり、このショルダー部３の面は、ピン２を中心とした円錐状に凹んだものとなっている。   In recent years, friction stir welding has been developed as a new joining method. As shown in Japanese Patent No. 2792233 (Patent Document 1), a tool is inserted into a material to be joined and stirred in a solid state. Therefore, there is an advantage that there is little thermal influence around the joint. This friction stir welding is superior to the welding method using arc and rivet because there is no bonding mark on the back surface depending on the construction conditions. FIG. 4 is a front view showing a conventional friction stirring tool. A cylindrical main body 1 is supported by a friction stir welding apparatus and is driven to rotate. A pin 2 is provided at the center of the surface of the shoulder portion 3 of the main body 1, and the pin 2 and the member to be joined are driven by rotating the main body 1 and inserting the rotating pin 2 into the member to be joined. The members to be joined are joined by the frictional heat generated between them. At this time, the shoulder portion 3 needs to press the member to be joined, and the surface of the shoulder portion 3 is recessed in a conical shape with the pin 2 as the center.

而して、曲面を有する被接合部材の外面を美麗に仕上げるために、内部から摩擦撹拌接合を行う技術として、特開平１１―２６７８５８号公報（特許文献２）に記載されたものがある。この文献に記載された摩擦撹拌接合方法においては、図４に示す摩擦撹拌接合ツールを使用し、凹湾曲した内面の接合部位を、局部的に平坦に成形することにより、図４に示すショルダー部３が平面のツールの使用を可能にしている。   Thus, as a technique for performing friction stir welding from the inside in order to beautifully finish the outer surface of the member to be joined having a curved surface, there is one described in JP-A-11-267858 (Patent Document 2). In the friction stir welding method described in this document, by using the friction stir welding tool shown in FIG. 4, the joint portion of the concavely curved inner surface is locally flattened to form the shoulder portion shown in FIG. 4. 3 allows the use of planar tools.

しかし、摩擦撹拌接合は、被接合材に高い押圧力でツールを挿入するため、ツールのショルダー部による接合痕が残る。接合痕は、鋭い凹凸が刻まれた状態であるため、接合後の部材を輸送機構造材に使用した場合は、使用時の振動などにより接合部に繰返し応力がかかった場合、接合痕の鋭い凹凸から亀裂が発生し、疲労強度が低くなってしまう虞がある。   However, in the friction stir welding, the tool is inserted into the material to be joined with a high pressing force, so that a joining mark due to the shoulder portion of the tool remains. Since the joint marks are in a state where sharp irregularities are carved, when the joined member is used for a transport aircraft structural material, if the joint is repeatedly stressed by vibration during use, the joint mark is sharp. Cracks may occur from the unevenness, and the fatigue strength may be lowered.

これを防止するため、被接合材の端部に予め厚肉部を設けておき、厚肉部にツールを挿入して摩擦撹拌接合した後に厚肉部表面を削除する技術が知られている（特許文献３：特開平１０−２１６９６４）。   In order to prevent this, a technique is known in which a thick part is provided in advance at the end of the material to be joined, and after the tool is inserted into the thick part and friction stir welding is performed, the surface of the thick part is deleted ( Patent Document 3: JP-A-10-216964).

特許第２７９２２３３号Japanese Patent No. 2792233 特開平１１―２６７８５８号公報JP-A-11-267858 特開平１０−２１６９６４号公報JP-A-10-216964

しかしながら、この特許文献２に記載の従来方法においては、水平部を設けるため、接合部材の重量が重くなる。特に、曲率半径が比較的小さな部材を接合する場合には、被接合部材の単重が低いために、この水平部を設けることによる被接合部材における重量増の割合（影響）が大きくなってしまう。更に、被接合部材の内面に、部分的に平面を設ける場合、押出形材のように、部分的な材料厚さを自在に設計できるような素材を使用する必要があり、安価な板材を使用することができない。   However, in the conventional method described in Patent Document 2, since the horizontal portion is provided, the weight of the joining member becomes heavy. In particular, when a member having a relatively small radius of curvature is joined, the unit weight of the member to be joined is low, so that the proportion (influence) of weight increase in the member to be joined by providing the horizontal portion increases. . Furthermore, when a flat surface is partially provided on the inner surface of the member to be joined, it is necessary to use a material that can be freely designed with a partial material thickness, such as an extruded profile, and an inexpensive plate is used. Can not do it.

また、特許文献３に記載の従来方法のように、被接合材の端部に予め厚肉部を設けておき、厚肉部にツールを挿入して摩擦撹拌接合した後に厚肉部の表面を削除する方法では、工程が増えるため、接合コストが高くなるという問題点がある。   Further, as in the conventional method described in Patent Document 3, a thick portion is provided in advance at the end of the material to be joined, and after inserting a tool into the thick portion and performing friction stir welding, the surface of the thick portion is In the method of deleting, there is a problem that the number of steps increases and the joining cost becomes high.

本発明はかかる問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、被溶接材が曲面を有し、この曲面で相互に摩擦撹拌接合する必要がある場合、被接合材に接合跡が残らず、余分な重量増をもたらさず、表面が美麗な状態で接合可能であると共に、接合コストの上昇を回避できる摩擦撹拌接合用ツール、摩擦撹拌接合用裏当て及び摩擦撹拌接合方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and when the materials to be welded have curved surfaces, and these surfaces need to be friction stir welded to each other, there is no bonding trace left on the materials to be joined, An object of the present invention is to provide a friction stir welding tool, a friction stir welding backing, and a friction stir welding method that can be joined with a beautiful surface without causing a significant increase in weight and avoiding an increase in joining cost. To do.

本発明に係る摩擦撹拌接合用ツールは、凹曲面を有する被接合部材同士を摩擦撹拌接合する摩擦撹拌ツールにおいて、回転する本体部と、この本体部の被接合部材側に設けられたショルダー部と、このショルダー部の中心に設けられたピンとを有し、前記ショルダー部の表面は凸曲面であることを特徴とする。   The friction stir welding tool according to the present invention is a friction stir tool for friction stir welding members to be joined having concave curved surfaces, a rotating main body portion, and a shoulder portion provided on the to-be-joined member side of the main body portion. And a pin provided at the center of the shoulder portion, and the surface of the shoulder portion is a convex curved surface.

この摩擦撹拌ツールにおいて、前記ショルダー部の表面は、前記被接合部材の前記凹曲面に整合して湾曲した凸曲面であることが好ましい。この凸曲面が凹曲面に整合するとは、被接合部材の凹曲面の曲率半径とほぼ等しい曲率半径で凸形状に湾曲していることを意味する。   In this friction stir tool, the surface of the shoulder portion is preferably a convex curved surface that is curved in alignment with the concave curved surface of the member to be joined. The matching of the convex curved surface with the concave curved surface means that the convex curved surface has a curvature radius substantially equal to the curvature radius of the concave curved surface of the member to be joined.

本発明に係る摩擦撹拌接合方法は、凹曲面を有する被接合部材同士を突き合わせ又は重ねた後、回転する本体部と、この本体部の被接合部材側に設けられ表面が凸曲面であるショルダー部と、このショルダー部の中心に設けられたピンとを有する摩擦撹拌ツールを、前記被接合部材の前記凹曲面の内面側に配置し、前記本体部を回転させて前記ピンを前記被接合部材に挿入することにより前記被接合部材同士を接合することを特徴とする。   The friction stir welding method according to the present invention includes a main body portion that rotates after abutting or overlapping bonded members having concave curved surfaces, and a shoulder portion that has a convex curved surface provided on the bonded member side of the main body portion. And a friction stir tool having a pin provided at the center of the shoulder portion is arranged on the inner surface side of the concave curved surface of the member to be joined, and the body portion is rotated to insert the pin into the member to be joined. By doing so, the members to be joined are joined together.

この摩擦撹拌接合方法において、前記被接合部材の外面側にこの外面に整合する凹曲面を有する裏当材を配置することが好ましい。   In this friction stir welding method, it is preferable that a backing material having a concave curved surface matching the outer surface is disposed on the outer surface side of the member to be bonded.

また、本発明に係る他の摩擦撹拌接合用ツールは、被接合部材を突き合わせて摩擦撹拌接合により凹曲面接合に仕上げるための摩擦撹拌接合用ツールにおいて、回転する本体部と、この本体部の被接合部材側に設けられたショルダー部と、このショルダー部の中心に設けられたピンとを有し、前記ショルダー部の表面は凸曲面であることを特徴とする。   Further, another friction stir welding tool according to the present invention is a friction stir welding tool for abutting members to be joined and finishing them into a concave curved surface joint by friction stir welding. It has a shoulder portion provided on the joining member side and a pin provided in the center of the shoulder portion, and the surface of the shoulder portion is a convex curved surface.

更に、本発明に係る摩擦撹拌接合用裏当ては、上記摩擦撹拌接合用ツールを使用して前記被接合部材を突き合わせ接合する際に、前記被接合部材の突き合わせ部の裏面に配置される裏当てにおいて、前記摩擦撹拌接合用ツールの前記ショルダー部の凸曲面に整合する凹曲面を有し、前記凹曲面とその隣接する面がなだらかに連続していることを特徴とする。なお、この裏当ての凹曲面がツールのショルダー部の凸曲面に整合するということは、裏当ての凹曲面がショルダー部の凸曲面の曲率半径とほぼ等しい曲率半径で凹形状に湾曲していることを意味する。   Furthermore, the backing for friction stir welding according to the present invention is a backing disposed on the back surface of the butt portion of the member to be joined when the member to be joined is butt joined using the friction stir welding tool. And a concave curved surface that matches the convex curved surface of the shoulder portion of the tool for friction stir welding, and the concave curved surface and its adjacent surface are gently continuous. The fact that the concave curved surface of the backing matches the convex curved surface of the shoulder portion of the tool means that the concave curved surface of the backing is curved into a concave shape with a radius of curvature substantially equal to the radius of curvature of the convex curved surface of the shoulder portion. Means that.

更に、本発明に係る摩擦撹拌接合方法は、上記摩擦撹拌接合用ツールを使用し、前記被接合部材の突き合わせ部の裏面に上記摩擦撹拌接合用裏当てを配置し、前記本体部を回転させて前記ピンを前記被接合部材に挿入し、前記ショルダー部の凸曲面で前記被接合部材同士を接合し、摩擦撹拌接合した部分とその周囲の部分とがなだらかに連続するように接合することを特徴とする。なお、このなだらかに連続するようにとは、ツールのショルダー部による鋭い凹凸が無く、かつ、断面において矩形上の段差が生じていないことを意味する。   Further, in the friction stir welding method according to the present invention, the friction stir welding tool is used, the friction stir welding backing is disposed on the back surface of the butt portion of the member to be joined, and the main body is rotated. The pins are inserted into the members to be joined, the members to be joined are joined by the convex curved surface of the shoulder portion, and the friction stir welded portion and the surrounding portion are joined so as to be smoothly continuous. And It should be noted that the smooth continuous means that there is no sharp unevenness due to the shoulder portion of the tool, and no rectangular step is generated in the cross section.

本発明によれば、ツールのショルダー部を被接合部材の内面側曲面形状に適合させることにより、摩擦力を効率よく発生させることができ、必要最低限の押し付け力で接合が可能となる。これにより、特許文献１に記載のような特段の厚肉部を設けなくても、薄肉部材の接合が可能となる。従って、板材同士の突合せ接合はもちろん、板材同士の重ね接合、板材と押出形材の突合せ接合、又は重ね接合などに、本発明を適用することができる。このため、表面側の表面仕上げが要求される箇所に、摩擦撹拌接合による種々の継手を適用することができる。   According to the present invention, by adapting the shoulder portion of the tool to the curved shape on the inner surface side of the member to be joined, a frictional force can be efficiently generated, and joining can be performed with a minimum necessary pressing force. Thereby, even if it does not provide the special thick part as described in patent document 1, a thin member can be joined. Therefore, the present invention can be applied not only to butt joining of plate materials but also to lap joining of plate materials, butt joining of plate materials and extruded shape members, or lap joining. For this reason, various joints by friction stir welding can be applied to locations where surface side surface finishing is required.

また、内面側曲面形状に適合させることにより、撹拌部分が最適化され、ツールと接合素材の不必要な接触が低減されるため、従来のツールで内周曲面を摩擦撹拌接合した場合に起こるバリの発生及び工作物の熱変形も抑制することができる。これにより、高品質の接合物を得ることができる。更に、工作物と工具との間の空間から生じる押し付け圧力の低下を防ぎ、これに起因した接合欠陥の抑制も可能である。   Also, by adapting to the curved shape on the inner surface side, the agitation part is optimized, and unnecessary contact between the tool and the joining material is reduced. Generation and thermal deformation of the workpiece can also be suppressed. Thereby, a high quality bonded product can be obtained. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the pressing pressure generated from the space between the workpiece and the tool, and to suppress bonding defects caused by this.

更に、本発明によれば、ツールのショルダー部に凸曲面が設けられていることにより、摩擦撹拌接合後の被接合材には表面の段差がなく、これを輸送機等に使用した場合にも亀裂発生などが起こりにくくなる。従って、板材同士の突合せ接合はもちろん、板材同士の重ね接合、板材と押出形材の突合せ接合、又は重ね接合などに、本発明を適用することができる。このため、輸送機構造部材など、使用時に振動が付加され、高い疲労強度が要求される箇所に、摩擦撹拌接合による種々の継手を適用することができる。   Furthermore, according to the present invention, since a convex curved surface is provided in the shoulder portion of the tool, there is no surface level difference in the material to be joined after friction stir welding, and even when this is used for a transportation machine or the like. Cracks are less likely to occur. Therefore, the present invention can be applied not only to butt joining of plate materials but also to lap joining of plate materials, butt joining of plate materials and extruded shape members, or lap joining. For this reason, various joints by friction stir welding can be applied to places where vibration is applied during use and high fatigue strength is required, such as a transport structural member.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について、添付の図面を参照して具体的に説明する。図１は本発明の第１実施形態に係る摩擦撹拌接合ツールを示す正面図である。回転駆動装置に支持された本体部１は円柱状をなし、この本体部１の先端にショルダー部４が設けられ、このショルダー部４の中心にピン２が設けられている。本実施形態においては、ショルダー部４はその表面が湾曲した半球状の曲面を有している。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing a friction stir welding tool according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The main body 1 supported by the rotary drive device has a cylindrical shape, a shoulder 4 is provided at the tip of the main body 1, and a pin 2 is provided at the center of the shoulder 4. In the present embodiment, the shoulder portion 4 has a hemispherical curved surface with a curved surface.

次に、この摩擦撹拌ツールを使用して重ね接合を行う方法について説明する。図２はこの重ね接合方法を示す断面図である。本実施形態は、骨格部材１０に対して、板材１２を接合する場合のものであり、いずれもアルミニウム合金材である。この骨格部材１０は例えば押出により成形される。この骨格部材１０の上端には外側に湾曲する湾曲部１１が形成されており、この湾曲部１１の外面に板材１２の先端の湾曲部を重ね、更に、板材１２の裏面に裏当金１４を配置して、湾曲部１１の内側から、図１に示す摩擦撹拌ツールを使用して、骨格部材１０と板材１２とを摩擦撹拌接合する。   Next, a method for performing lap joining using this friction stir tool will be described. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing this lap joining method. In the present embodiment, the plate member 12 is bonded to the skeleton member 10, and both are aluminum alloy materials. The skeleton member 10 is formed by extrusion, for example. A curved portion 11 that curves outward is formed at the upper end of the skeleton member 10, the curved portion at the tip of the plate material 12 is overlapped on the outer surface of the curved portion 11, and a backing metal 14 is placed on the back surface of the plate material 12. Arrangement and friction stir welding of the skeleton member 10 and the plate material 12 from the inside of the curved portion 11 using the friction stir tool shown in FIG.

この場合に、先ず、ツールを回転駆動し、先端のピン２を骨格部材１０の湾曲部１１に挿入し、更に板材１２まで挿入する。これにより、ツールと被接合部材との間の摩擦熱により、ピン２が挿入された部位を中心として、骨格部材１０と板材１２とが接合する。そして、ショルダー部４で湾曲部１１を板材１２に向けて押圧しつつ、ツールを骨格部材１０の長手方向（押出方向）に移動させ、この長手方向に沿って骨格部材１０と板材１２とを摩擦撹拌接合する。   In this case, first, the tool is rotationally driven, and the pin 2 at the tip is inserted into the curved portion 11 of the skeleton member 10 and further inserted to the plate material 12. As a result, the skeleton member 10 and the plate member 12 are joined to each other around the portion where the pin 2 is inserted due to frictional heat between the tool and the member to be joined. The tool is moved in the longitudinal direction (extrusion direction) of the skeleton member 10 while pressing the curved portion 11 toward the plate member 12 with the shoulder portion 4, and the skeleton member 10 and the plate member 12 are rubbed along the longitudinal direction. Stir and join.

本実施形態においては、ツールのショルダー部４の表面が凸曲面であり、被接合部材の湾曲部１１の凹曲面に重ねたときに、この凹曲面に接触又は密着させることができ、湾曲部１１に格別の平面部を成形することなく、湾曲した接合部材を容易に接合することができる。これにより、被接合部材の外表面に接合痕を残すことなく、接合することができる。   In the present embodiment, the surface of the shoulder portion 4 of the tool is a convex curved surface, and can be brought into contact with or in close contact with the concave curved surface of the curved portion 11 of the member to be joined. In addition, it is possible to easily join the curved joining member without forming a special flat portion. Thereby, it can join, without leaving a joining trace on the outer surface of a to-be-joined member.

本発明は、ショルダー部の表面を凸曲面にすることを特徴とするが、このショルダー部４の表面の凸曲面は、被接合部材の凹曲面の曲率半径とほぼ等しい曲率半径で凸形状に湾曲していることが望ましい。即ち、ショルダー部４の表面の凸曲面は、被接合部材の凹曲面と整合した形状で凸状に湾曲していることが望ましい。このように、ツールのショルダー部４の表面形状を、被接合部材（湾曲部１１及び板材１２）の内面側曲面形状に適合させることにより、撹拌部分が最適化され、ツールと接合素材の不必要な接触が低減されるため、従来のツールで内周曲面を摩擦撹拌接合した場合に起こるバリの発生及び工作物の熱変形も抑制することができる。これにより、高品質の接合物を得ることができる。更に、工作物と工具との間の空間から生じる押し付け圧力の低下を防ぎ、これに起因した接合欠陥も抑制することができる。なお、ショルダー部４の表面の凸曲面における被接合部材の凹曲面の曲率半径とほぼ等しい曲率半径で湾曲する部分は、ショルダー部４の全面である必要はない。摩擦撹拌接合に寄与する領域において、このように被接合部材の内面側曲面形状に適合させることにより、上述の効果を得ることができる。   The present invention is characterized in that the surface of the shoulder portion has a convex curved surface, and the convex curved surface of the surface of the shoulder portion 4 is curved into a convex shape with a radius of curvature substantially equal to the radius of curvature of the concave curved surface of the member to be joined. It is desirable that That is, it is desirable that the convex curved surface on the surface of the shoulder portion 4 be curved in a convex shape with a shape matched with the concave curved surface of the member to be joined. In this way, by adjusting the surface shape of the shoulder portion 4 of the tool to the curved surface shape on the inner surface side of the members to be joined (the curved portion 11 and the plate material 12), the stirring portion is optimized, and the tool and the joining material are unnecessary. Therefore, the occurrence of burrs and thermal deformation of the workpiece that occur when the inner circumferential curved surface is friction stir welded with a conventional tool can be suppressed. Thereby, a high quality bonded article can be obtained. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the pressing pressure generated from the space between the workpiece and the tool, and to suppress joint defects caused by this. Note that the portion of the convex curved surface on the surface of the shoulder portion 4 that is curved with a curvature radius substantially equal to the curvature radius of the concave curved surface of the member to be joined does not have to be the entire surface of the shoulder portion 4. In the region contributing to the friction stir welding, the above-described effect can be obtained by adapting to the curved surface shape of the inner surface side of the member to be joined in this way.

次に、突き合わせ接合に本発明を適用した本発明の第２実施形態について図３を参照して説明する。図３の断面図に示すように、断面形状が接合部で１／４円弧状に湾曲した被接合部材の板材１３を突き合わせ、その湾曲外側に裏当金１４を配置し、湾曲内側に本実施形態のツールを配置し、このツールを回転駆動しつつ、ピン２を板材１３の接合部に挿入する。そして、このツールにより板材１３を裏当金１４に押圧しつつ、ツールを突き合わせ端面に沿って移動させる。   Next, a second embodiment of the present invention in which the present invention is applied to the butt joint will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, the plate member 13 of the member to be joined whose cross-sectional shape is curved in a ¼ arc shape at the joint portion is abutted, and a backing metal 14 is arranged on the curved outer side, and this implementation is performed on the curved inner side The tool of the form is arranged, and the pin 2 is inserted into the joint portion of the plate member 13 while rotating the tool. Then, the tool is moved along the abutting end surface while pressing the plate 13 against the backing metal 14 with this tool.

本実施形態においては、板材１３の湾曲外面の湾曲面と同一形状に湾曲する裏当金１４を板材１３の湾曲外面に当て、板材１３の湾曲内面にツールのショルダー部４を当てて、ツールと裏当金１４との間で挟持しつつ板材１３同士を突き合わせ接合するので、接合後の形状、特に板材１３の外表面の接合部の表面形状が極めて美麗なものとなる。   In the present embodiment, the backing metal 14 that curves in the same shape as the curved surface of the curved outer surface of the plate material 13 is applied to the curved outer surface of the plate material 13, the tool shoulder portion 4 is applied to the curved inner surface of the plate material 13, and the tool Since the plate members 13 are abutted and bonded to each other while being sandwiched between the backing metal 14, the shape after bonding, particularly the surface shape of the bonded portion of the outer surface of the plate member 13 becomes very beautiful.

次に、本発明の第３実施形態について図４及び図５を参照して説明する。使用する摩擦撹拌接合ツールは、図１に示すものと同様である。図４は、本発明の実施形態に係る摩擦撹拌接合用裏当て２０を示す断面図である。裏当て２０の表面の中央部には、摩擦撹拌ツールのショルダー部４の凸曲面に整合する凹曲面２１が形成されており、その周囲の表面２２は平面であり、凹曲面２１と表面２２とが、段差無くなだらかに連続している。   Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The friction stir welding tool used is the same as that shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the friction stir welding backing 20 according to the embodiment of the present invention. A concave curved surface 21 that matches the convex curved surface of the shoulder 4 of the friction stir tool is formed at the center of the surface of the backing 20, and the surrounding surface 22 is a flat surface. However, it continues smoothly without any steps.

次に、この摩擦撹拌ツール及び裏当てを使用して突合せ接合を行う方法について説明する。図５はこの突合せ接合方法を示す断面図である。本実施形態は、被接合部材としての板材２３を突き合わせ、裏当て２０の凹曲面２１と板材２３の凸曲面とを重ねるようにして、突き合わせ部の裏面に裏当て２０を配置する。そして、突き合わせ部の表面側に摩擦撹拌接合用ツールを配置し、このツールを回転駆動しつつ、ピン２を板材２３の接合部に挿入する。そして、このツールにより板材２３を裏当て２０に押圧しつつ、ツールを突き合わせ端面に沿って移動させる。これにより、板材２３同士が、摩擦撹拌接合される。   Next, a method for performing butt joining using this friction stir tool and backing will be described. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing this butt joining method. In the present embodiment, the backing material 20 is disposed on the back surface of the abutting portion such that the plate material 23 as a member to be joined is abutted and the concave curved surface 21 of the backing 20 and the convex curved surface of the plate material 23 are overlapped. Then, a friction stir welding tool is disposed on the surface side of the abutting portion, and the pin 2 is inserted into the joint portion of the plate member 23 while rotating the tool. Then, the tool is moved along the butt end face while pressing the plate member 23 against the backing 20 with this tool. As a result, the plate members 23 are joined by friction stir welding.

本実施形態においては、ツールのショルダー部４の表面（凸曲面）及びこのショルダー部４の表面に整合した凹曲面２１を有する裏当て２０との間で板材２３を挟持しつつ、板材２３同士を突き合わせ接合するので、接合後の形状、特に板材２３の接合部裏面の表面形状が美麗となり、更にこの接合部裏面に段差が生じないため、接合した部材は繰返し応力を受けても亀裂が発生せず、疲労強度に優れるものとなる。   In the present embodiment, the plate members 23 are sandwiched between the surface (convex curved surface) of the shoulder portion 4 of the tool and the backing 20 having the concave curved surface 21 aligned with the surface of the shoulder portion 4. Since butt joining is performed, the shape after joining, in particular, the surface shape of the back surface of the joint portion of the plate member 23 is beautiful, and further, no step is generated on the back surface of the joint portion. Therefore, it is excellent in fatigue strength.

本発明は、湾曲した被接合部材の摩擦撹拌接合に極めて有益である。   The present invention is extremely useful for friction stir welding of curved members to be joined.

本発明の実施形態に係る摩擦撹拌ツールを示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the friction stirring tool which concerns on embodiment of this invention. このツールを使用した本発明の第１実施形態の重ね接合方法を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the lap | joining method of 1st Embodiment of this invention using this tool. このツールを使用した本発明の第２実施形態の突き合わせ接合方法を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the butt joining method of 2nd Embodiment of this invention using this tool. 本発明の第３実施形態の摩擦撹拌接合用裏当てを示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the backing for friction stir welding of 3rd Embodiment of this invention. このツールを使用した本発明の第３実施形態の突き合わせ接合方法を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the butt-joining method of 3rd Embodiment of this invention using this tool. 従来の摩擦撹拌ツールを示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the conventional friction stirring tool.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１：本体部
２：ピン
３：ショルダー部（平面）
４：ショルダー部（湾曲）
１０：骨格部材
１２、１３，２３：板材
１４：裏当金
２０：裏当て
２１：凹曲面
２２：表面
1: Body part 2: Pin 3: Shoulder part (plane)
4: Shoulder (curved)
10: skeleton member 12, 13, 23: plate material 14: backing metal 20: backing 21: concave curved surface 22: surface

Claims (7)

凹曲面を有する被接合部材同士を摩擦撹拌接合する摩擦撹拌ツールにおいて、回転する本体部と、この本体部の被接合部材側に設けられたショルダー部と、このショルダー部の中心に設けられたピンとを有し、前記ショルダー部の表面は凸曲面であることを特徴とする摩擦撹拌接合用ツール。 In a friction stir tool for friction stir welding members to be joined having concave curved surfaces, a rotating main body, a shoulder provided on the joined member side of the main body, and a pin provided at the center of the shoulder And the surface of the shoulder portion is a convex curved surface. 前記ショルダー部の表面は、前記被接合部材の前記凹曲面に整合して湾曲した凸曲面であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の摩擦撹拌接合用ツール。 2. The friction stir welding tool according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the shoulder portion is a convex curved surface that is curved in alignment with the concave curved surface of the member to be joined. 凹曲面を有する被接合部材同士を突き合わせ又は重ねた後、回転する本体部と、この本体部の被接合部材側に設けられ表面が凸曲面であるショルダー部と、このショルダー部の中心に設けられたピンとを有する摩擦撹拌ツールを、前記被接合部材の前記凹曲面の内面側に配置し、前記本体部を回転させて前記ピンを前記被接合部材に挿入することにより前記被接合部材同士を接合することを特徴とする摩擦撹拌接合方法。 After abutting or overlapping the members to be joined having concave curved surfaces, the main body portion that rotates, a shoulder portion that is provided on the member to be joined side of the main body portion and has a convex curved surface, and provided at the center of the shoulder portion. A friction stir tool having a pin is disposed on the inner surface side of the concave curved surface of the member to be joined, and the body member is rotated to insert the pin into the member to be joined. And a friction stir welding method. 前記被接合部材の外面側にこの外面に整合する凹曲面を有する裏当材を配置することを特徴とする請求項３に記載の摩擦撹拌接合方法。 4. The friction stir welding method according to claim 3, wherein a backing material having a concave curved surface matching the outer surface is disposed on the outer surface side of the member to be bonded. 被接合部材を突き合わせて摩擦撹拌接合により凹曲面接合に仕上げるための摩擦撹拌接合用ツールにおいて、回転する本体部と、この本体部の被接合部材側に設けられたショルダー部と、このショルダー部の中心に設けられたピンとを有し、前記ショルダー部の表面は凸曲面であることを特徴とする摩擦撹拌接合用ツール。 In a friction stir welding tool for abutting a member to be joined and finishing to a concave curved surface joint by friction stir welding, a rotating main body part, a shoulder part provided on the to-be-joined member side of the main body part, and the shoulder part A tool for friction stir welding, comprising: a pin provided in the center; and a surface of the shoulder portion being a convex curved surface. 請求項５に記載の摩擦撹拌接合用ツールを使用して前記被接合部材を突き合わせ接合する際に、前記被接合部材の突き合わせ部の裏面に配置される裏当てにおいて、前記摩擦撹拌接合用ツールの前記ショルダー部の凸曲面に整合する凹曲面を有し、前記凹曲面とその隣接する面がなだらかに連続していることを特徴とする摩擦撹拌接合用裏当て。 When the friction stir welding tool according to claim 5 is used to butt-join the members to be joined, in a backing disposed on the back surface of the butt portion of the members to be joined, the friction stir welding tool A backing for friction stir welding, having a concave curved surface that matches the convex curved surface of the shoulder portion, wherein the concave curved surface and its adjacent surface are smoothly continuous. 請求項５に記載の摩擦撹拌接合用ツールを使用し、前記被接合部材の突き合わせ部の裏面に請求項６に記載の摩擦撹拌接合用裏当てを配置し、前記本体部を回転させて前記ピンを前記被接合部材に挿入し、前記ショルダー部の凸曲面で前記被接合部材同士を接合し、摩擦撹拌接合した部分とその周囲の部分とがなだらかに連続するように接合することを特徴とする摩擦撹拌接合方法。 The friction stir welding tool according to claim 5 is used, the friction stir welding backing according to claim 6 is disposed on the back surface of the butted portion of the member to be joined, and the main body is rotated to form the pin Is inserted into the member to be joined, the members to be joined are joined by the convex curved surface of the shoulder portion, and the friction stir welded portion and the surrounding portion are joined so as to be smoothly continuous. Friction stir welding method.
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007068456A1 (en) * 2005-12-14 2007-06-21 Airbus Sas Friction-stir tool with form-adaptable shoulder
JP2007290036A (en) * 2006-03-29 2007-11-08 Osaka Industrial Promotion Organization Backing jig for friction stir processing, and method for manufacturing product using the same
JP2011524255A (en) * 2008-06-16 2011-09-01 エンブラエル ソシエダージ アノーニマ Friction stir welding (FSW) method and system and friction stir welding parts produced thereby
JP2012086267A (en) * 2010-09-24 2012-05-10 Furukawa-Sky Aluminum Corp Rotary joint tool for friction stir welding and method for friction stir welding using the same
WO2012173034A1 (en) * 2011-06-14 2012-12-20 株式会社日立製作所 Friction stir method, stirring implement and welding member
JP2013000761A (en) * 2011-06-15 2013-01-07 Furukawa-Sky Aluminum Corp Rotary joining tool for friction stir joining and friction stir joining method using the same
US8998064B2 (en) 2006-05-15 2015-04-07 The Welding Institute Friction stir method and a pair of workpieces joined by such method
KR101694332B1 (en) * 2015-11-06 2017-01-10 한국생산기술연구원 Curved Friction Stir Welding Apparatus
US11396060B2 (en) * 2017-09-08 2022-07-26 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Holding jig and holding jig set for double-acting friction stir spot welding, double-acting friction stir spot welding device, and double-acting friction stir spot welding method

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007068456A1 (en) * 2005-12-14 2007-06-21 Airbus Sas Friction-stir tool with form-adaptable shoulder
US7909225B2 (en) 2005-12-14 2011-03-22 Airbus Friction-stir tool with form-adaptable shoulder
CN101340998B (en) * 2005-12-14 2011-08-10 空中客车公司 Friction-stir tool with form-adaptable shoulder
JP2007290036A (en) * 2006-03-29 2007-11-08 Osaka Industrial Promotion Organization Backing jig for friction stir processing, and method for manufacturing product using the same
JP4650903B2 (en) * 2006-03-29 2011-03-16 財団法人大阪産業振興機構 Friction stir processing backing jig and method of manufacturing a workpiece using the same
US8998064B2 (en) 2006-05-15 2015-04-07 The Welding Institute Friction stir method and a pair of workpieces joined by such method
EP2300190A4 (en) * 2008-06-16 2015-03-11 Embraer Aeronautica Sa Friction stir welding (fsw) methods and systems and friction stir welded components made thereby
JP2011524255A (en) * 2008-06-16 2011-09-01 エンブラエル ソシエダージ アノーニマ Friction stir welding (FSW) method and system and friction stir welding parts produced thereby
JP2012086267A (en) * 2010-09-24 2012-05-10 Furukawa-Sky Aluminum Corp Rotary joint tool for friction stir welding and method for friction stir welding using the same
WO2012173034A1 (en) * 2011-06-14 2012-12-20 株式会社日立製作所 Friction stir method, stirring implement and welding member
JP2013000761A (en) * 2011-06-15 2013-01-07 Furukawa-Sky Aluminum Corp Rotary joining tool for friction stir joining and friction stir joining method using the same
KR101694332B1 (en) * 2015-11-06 2017-01-10 한국생산기술연구원 Curved Friction Stir Welding Apparatus
US11396060B2 (en) * 2017-09-08 2022-07-26 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Holding jig and holding jig set for double-acting friction stir spot welding, double-acting friction stir spot welding device, and double-acting friction stir spot welding method

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