JP2005192050A - Antenna - Google Patents

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JP2005192050A
JP2005192050A JP2003432994A JP2003432994A JP2005192050A JP 2005192050 A JP2005192050 A JP 2005192050A JP 2003432994 A JP2003432994 A JP 2003432994A JP 2003432994 A JP2003432994 A JP 2003432994A JP 2005192050 A JP2005192050 A JP 2005192050A
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radiating element
conductor
antenna
conductor plate
coaxial cable
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JP4608209B2 (en
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Akio Kuramoto
晶夫 倉本
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Anten Corp
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Anten Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an omnidirectional broadband antenna configured small in size and two-dimensional that can be built in desktop personal computers and AV apparatuses such as video players and television receivers. <P>SOLUTION: The antenna is configured to include: a first radiation element 1 configured with a triangle conductor plate; a second radiation element 2 similarly configured with a triangle conductor plate; and a coaxial cable 3. Then the antenna is structured such that one side 1a of the first radiation element 1 and one side 2a of the second radiation element 2 are arranged in a way of being opposed to each other nearly in parallel at a prescribed interval, the one side 1a of the first radiation element 1 is connected to a center conductor 4 of the coaxial cable 3, and further, the one side 2a of the second radiation element 2 is connected to an outer conductor 5 of the coaxial cable 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、アンテナに関し、さらに詳しくは、導体板により構成されたり、或いはプリント基板にエッチングにより形成したプリントパターンにより構成された広帯域のアンテナに関するものである。   The present invention relates to an antenna, and more particularly to a broadband antenna configured by a conductive pattern or a printed pattern formed on a printed board by etching.

近年、無線ＬＡＮの普及により、大規模なオフィスやホットスポットサービス、学校、会社、家庭内といろいろな場所で無線ＬＡＮが使用され始めている。そのため、デスクトップ（据置き型）パソコンやコピー機、プロジェクタ、プリンタ、テレビ、ビデオなどＡＶ機器にも無線ＬＡＮの機能が内蔵される傾向がある。しかし、最近では高画質の画像データなど、より大量のデータを高速に無線伝送する技術としてウルトラワイドバンド（以下、ＵＷＢと記す）の技術が強く要望されている。このＵＷＢでは２００３年１２月現在、３．１ＧＨｚ〜１０．６ＧＨｚの周波数が用いられることになっており、非常に広帯域のアンテナが必要になる。
さらに、このＵＷＢの無線伝送技術は、前述したデスクトップ（据置き型）パソコンやコピー機、プロジェクタ、プリンタ、テレビ、ビデオなどに搭載される場合、それに用いられるアンテナはコンパクトであることが必須条件である。また、機器への内蔵等を考えると、立体的でなく平面型であるほうが収納しやすいと言える。また指向性についても、対応する機器の置き場所が不特定であるために、方位方向に無指向性の特性を有するアンテナが有利となる。
しかし従来の技術において広帯域、コンパクト、平面型状、無指向性のアンテナはなかなか存在しなかった。例えば、図５に示すようなディスコーンアンテナは、広帯域で無指向性のアンテナとして有名である。このディスコーンアンテナは、導体より構成される円板導体１０１と、導体より構成される円錐導体１０２と、同軸ケーブル１０３より構成される。そして給電は同軸ケーブル１０３の中心導体１０４を円板導体１０１の中心に接続し、同軸ケーブル１０３の外部導体１０５を円錐導体１０２の上部に接続して行われる。なお、ディスコーンアンテナの解説は、アンテナ工学ハンドブック（編者：電子情報通信学会、発行：オーム社、平成３年９月３０日第１版第６刷発行）の１２８ページに記載されている。
アンテナ工学ハンドブック（編者：電子情報通信学会、発行：オーム社、平成３年９月３０日第１版第６刷発行）１２８ページ In recent years, with the widespread use of wireless LAN, wireless LAN has begun to be used in various places such as large-scale offices, hot spot services, schools, companies, and homes. For this reason, wireless LAN functions tend to be built into AV devices such as desktop (stationary) personal computers, copiers, projectors, printers, televisions, and videos. However, recently, an ultra-wide band (hereinafter referred to as UWB) technique is strongly demanded as a technique for wirelessly transmitting a larger amount of data such as high-quality image data at high speed. In UWB, as of December 2003, a frequency of 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz is used, and a very wide band antenna is required.
Furthermore, this UWB wireless transmission technology requires that the antenna used for the above-described desktop (stationary) personal computer, copy machine, projector, printer, television, video, etc. be compact. is there. Also, considering the built-in in the device, it can be said that it is easier to store the flat type rather than the three-dimensional. As for directivity, an antenna having non-directional characteristics in the azimuth direction is advantageous because the location of the corresponding device is unspecified.
However, in the prior art, there are few wideband, compact, planar, and omnidirectional antennas. For example, a discone antenna as shown in FIG. 5 is well known as a wideband omnidirectional antenna. This discone antenna includes a disc conductor 101 made of a conductor, a conical conductor 102 made of a conductor, and a coaxial cable 103. Power feeding is performed by connecting the center conductor 104 of the coaxial cable 103 to the center of the disk conductor 101 and connecting the outer conductor 105 of the coaxial cable 103 to the upper part of the conical conductor 102. The description of the discone antenna is described on page 128 of the antenna engineering handbook (editor: IEICE, published by Ohmsha, published on September 30, 1991, first edition, sixth edition).
Antenna Engineering Handbook (Editor: The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, published by Ohmsha, September 30, 1991, 1st edition, 6th edition) 128 pages

しかし、非特許文献１に記載のディスコーンアンテナは広帯域であるが、図５のように立体的であるため、パソコンやＡＶ機器への内蔵には適さないといった問題がある。
本発明は、かかる課題に鑑み、小型にかつ平面的に構成することにより、デスクトップパソコンやビデオやテレビ等のＡＶ機器に内蔵することが可能な、広帯域アンテナを提供することを目的とする。 However, although the discone antenna described in Non-Patent Document 1 has a wide band, since it is three-dimensional as shown in FIG. 5, there is a problem that it is not suitable for incorporation into a personal computer or AV equipment.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wideband antenna that can be built into an AV device such as a desktop personal computer, a video, or a television by being compact and planar.

本発明はかかる課題を解決するために、請求項１は、三角形の導体板からなる第１の放射素子と、三角形の導体板からなる第２の放射素子と、同軸ケーブル又は平衡２線式ケーブルと、を備えたアンテナであって、前記第１の放射素子の三角形の一辺と前記第２の放射素子の三角形の一辺が平行に、且つ所定の距離を隔てて配置され、前記各放射素子の前記各一辺に前記同軸ケーブルの中心導体と外部導体を接続するか、又は前記各放射素子の前記各一辺に前記平衡２線式ケーブルの信号線を接続することを特徴とする。
本発明のアンテナは導体で構成されており、第１の放射素子と第２の放射素子と同軸ケーブル又は平衡２線式ケーブルから構成されている。即ち、三角形の板状の第１の放射素子と第２の放射素子の三角形の一辺を平行に、且つ所定の間隔を隔てて配置する。そして夫々の三角形の一辺に同軸ケーブルの中心導体と外部導体を接続する。また平衡２線式ケーブルの場合は、夫々の三角形の一辺にケーブルを接続する。
かかる発明によれば、三角形の板状の第１の放射素子と第２の放射素子の三角形の一辺を平行に、且つ所定の間隔を隔てて配置して同軸ケーブル又は平衡２線式ケーブルに接続することで、最低使用周波数の４倍以上の周波数帯域がとれ、小型で薄型の平板状であるため機器の内蔵用に適している。また、同一形状の板金で簡単に構成できるため安価である。更に、放射指向性がほぼ無指向性である。 In order to solve this problem, the present invention provides a first radiating element made of a triangular conductor plate, a second radiating element made of a triangular conductor plate, and a coaxial cable or a balanced two-wire cable. Each of the triangles of the first radiating element and the triangle of the second radiating element are arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance. A central conductor and an outer conductor of the coaxial cable are connected to the one side, or a signal line of the balanced two-wire cable is connected to the one side of each radiating element.
The antenna of the present invention is composed of a conductor, and is composed of a first radiating element, a second radiating element, and a coaxial cable or a balanced two-wire cable. That is, one side of the triangular plate-shaped first radiating element and the second radiating element are arranged in parallel and at a predetermined interval. Then, the central conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable are connected to one side of each triangle. In the case of a balanced two-wire cable, the cable is connected to one side of each triangle.
According to this invention, one side of the triangle of the triangular plate-like first radiating element and the second radiating element is arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval and connected to the coaxial cable or the balanced two-wire cable. By doing so, a frequency band of four times or more of the lowest usable frequency can be obtained, and since it is a small and thin flat plate shape, it is suitable for incorporation of equipment. Moreover, since it can be easily configured with sheet metal having the same shape, it is inexpensive. Furthermore, the radiation directivity is almost omnidirectional.

請求項２は、前記第１の放射素子及び第２の放射素子の導体板の形状が正三角形であることを特徴とする。
三角形の形状が正三角形の場合、各辺の長さが等しいため、組立時に同軸ケーブル又は平衡２線式ケーブルを接続する辺を意識して組み立てる必要が無くなり組立性が向上する。
かかる発明によれば、第１の放射素子及び第２の放射素子の導体板の形状が正三角形であるので、組立性が向上し、組立コストを安くすることができる。
請求項３は、平板状の導体板からなる第１の放射素子と、平板状の導体板からなる第２の放射素子と、同軸ケーブル又は平衡２線式ケーブルと、を備えたアンテナであって、前記第１の放射素子の導体板の一辺と前記第２の放射素子の導体板の一辺が平行に、且つ所定の距離を隔てて配置され、前記各放射素子の前記各一辺に前記同軸ケーブルの中心導体と外部導体を接続するか、又は前記各放射素子の前記各一辺に前記平衡２線式ケーブルの信号線を接続することを特徴とする。
請求項１では第１の放射素子と第２の放射素子の形状を三角形の導体板としているが、第１と第２の放射素子の形状を平板状の導体板としても略同じ特性のアンテナを構成することができる。
かかる発明によれば、第１と第２の放射素子の形状を平板状の導体板とするので、形状に幅を持たせることができ、内蔵する機器に合わせて形状を決定することができる。
請求項４は、前記第１の放射素子及び第２の放射素子は、三角形、少なくとも二つの辺が平行な多角形、又は打ち抜き部を備えた三角形の環状導体板であることを特徴とする。
第１の放射素子及び第２の放射素子の形状は、三角形、多角形又は三角形の環状導体板でも構わない。そして多角形の場合は１箇所は平行な部分を有する物であれば良い。
かかる発明によれば、第１の放射素子及び第２の放射素子の形状は三角形、少なくとも１箇所は平行な部分を有する多角形、又は打ち抜き部を備えた三角形の環状導体板であるので、１枚の板金をくり抜くことで第１の放射素子と第２の放射素子を同時に、または簡単に製造することができ、製造コストを安価にすることができる。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, the shape of the conductive plates of the first radiating element and the second radiating element is an equilateral triangle.
When the shape of the triangle is a regular triangle, the lengths of the sides are equal, so that it is not necessary to assemble while considering the side where the coaxial cable or the balanced two-wire cable is connected, and the assemblability is improved.
According to this invention, since the shape of the conductor plate of the first radiating element and the second radiating element is an equilateral triangle, the assembling property can be improved and the assembling cost can be reduced.
Claim 3 is an antenna including a first radiating element made of a flat conductor plate, a second radiating element made of a flat conductor plate, and a coaxial cable or a balanced two-wire cable. The one side of the conductor plate of the first radiating element and the side of the conductor plate of the second radiating element are arranged in parallel and at a predetermined distance, and the coaxial cable is disposed on each side of the radiating element. Or a signal line of the balanced two-wire cable is connected to each side of each radiating element.
In claim 1, the shape of the first radiating element and the second radiating element is a triangular conductor plate, but an antenna having substantially the same characteristics can be obtained even if the shape of the first and second radiating elements is a flat conductor plate. Can be configured.
According to this invention, since the shape of the first and second radiating elements is a flat conductor plate, the shape can be widened, and the shape can be determined according to the built-in equipment.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the first radiating element and the second radiating element are triangular conductor plates having a triangle, a polygon having at least two sides parallel to each other, or a punched portion.
The shape of the first radiating element and the second radiating element may be a triangular, polygonal or triangular annular conductor plate. And in the case of a polygon, one place should just be a thing which has a parallel part.
According to this invention, since the shape of the first radiating element and the second radiating element is a triangle, a polygon having at least one parallel portion, or a triangular annular conductor plate having a punched portion, By punching out the sheet metal, the first radiating element and the second radiating element can be manufactured simultaneously or simply, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

請求項５は、板状の導体板からなる第１の放射素子と、板状の導体板からなる第２の放射素子と、マイクロストリップ線路と、誘電体基板とを備えたアンテナであって、前記第１の放射素子、第２の放射素子及びマイクロストリップ線路が前記誘電体基板上にプリントパターンとして形成され、前記第１の放射素子と第２の放射素子は、夫々を構成する導体板の各一辺同士が平行となるように前記誘電体基板の表裏に配置され、当該導体板の一辺に前記マイクロストリップ線路を接続し、当該導体板の他の一辺に前記マイクロストリップ線路のグランド導体を接続したことを特徴とする。
導体部品を組合わせて本発明のアンテナを構成しても良いが、最も小型に薄く構成するにはプリント基板上にパターン化してアンテナを構成するのが良い。本発明はこの発想からプリント基板の表裏面に各放射素子を設け、同軸ケーブルの代わりにマイクロストリップ線路を形成して給電を行うものである。
かかる発明によれば、プリント基板の表裏面に各放射素子を設け、同軸ケーブルの代わりにマイクロストリップ線路を形成して給電を行うので、アンテナを小型に且つ薄く構成することができ、各放射素子の位置関係を固定化することができる。
請求項６は、前記第１の放射素子と第２の放射素子の形状は三角形、少なくとも１箇所は平行な部分を有する多角形、又は打ち抜き部を備えた三角形の環状導体板であることを特徴とする。
第１の放射素子と第２の放射素子の形状は、三角形、多角形又は三角形の環状導体板でも構わない。そして多角形の場合は１箇所は平行な部分を有する物であれば良い。
かかる発明によれば、第１の放射素子と第２の放射素子の形状は三角形、少なくとも１箇所は平行な部分を有する多角形、又は打ち抜き部を備えた三角形の環状導体板であるので、パターン設計を容易とすることができる。 Claim 5 is an antenna comprising a first radiating element made of a plate-like conductor plate, a second radiating element made of a plate-like conductor plate, a microstrip line, and a dielectric substrate, The first radiating element, the second radiating element, and the microstrip line are formed as a printed pattern on the dielectric substrate, and the first radiating element and the second radiating element are conductor plates constituting each of them. Arranged on the front and back of the dielectric substrate so that each side is parallel, the microstrip line is connected to one side of the conductor plate, and the ground conductor of the microstrip line is connected to the other side of the conductor plate It is characterized by that.
Although the antenna of the present invention may be configured by combining conductor parts, the antenna may be configured by patterning on a printed circuit board in order to make it the smallest and thin. In the present invention, power is supplied by providing each radiating element on the front and back surfaces of a printed circuit board from this idea and forming a microstrip line instead of a coaxial cable.
According to this invention, since each radiating element is provided on the front and back surfaces of the printed circuit board and a microstrip line is formed instead of the coaxial cable to perform power feeding, the antenna can be made small and thin, and each radiating element Can be fixed.
The shape of each of the first radiating element and the second radiating element is a triangle, a polygon having at least one parallel portion, or a triangular annular conductor plate having a punched portion. And
The shapes of the first radiating element and the second radiating element may be triangular, polygonal or triangular annular conductor plates. And in the case of a polygon, one place should just be a thing which has a parallel part.
According to this invention, the shape of the first radiating element and the second radiating element is a triangle, a polygon having at least one parallel portion, or a triangular annular conductor plate having a punched portion. Design can be facilitated.

請求項１の発明によれば、三角形の板状の第１の放射素子と第２の放射素子の三角形の一辺を平行に、且つ所定の間隔を隔てて配置して同軸ケーブル又は平衡２線式ケーブルに接続することで、最低使用周波数の４倍以上の周波数帯域がとれ、小型で薄型の平板状であるため機器の内蔵用に適している。また、同一形状の板金で簡単に構成できるため安価である。
また請求項２では、第１の放射素子及び第２の放射素子の導体板の形状が正三角形であるので、組立性が向上し、組立コストを安くすることができる。
また請求項３では、第１と第２の放射素子の形状を平板状の導体板とするので、形状に幅を持たせることができ、内蔵する機器に合わせて形状を決定することができる。
また請求項４では、第１の放射素子及び第２の放射素子の形状は三角形、少なくとも１箇所は平行な部分を有する多角形、又は打ち抜き部を備えた三角形の環状導体板であるので、１枚の板金をくり抜くことで第１の放射素子と第２の放射素子を同時に、または簡単に製造することができ、製造コストを安価にすることができる。
また請求項５では、プリント基板の表裏面に各放射素子を設け、同軸ケーブルの代わりにマイクロストリップ線路を形成して給電を行うので、アンテナを小型に且つ薄く構成することができ、各放射素子の位置関係を固定化することができる。
また請求項６では、第１の放射素子と第２の放射素子の形状は三角形、少なくとも１箇所は平行な部分を有する多角形、又は打ち抜き部を備えた三角形の環状導体板であるので、パターン設計を容易とすることができる。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, one side of the triangle of the triangular plate-like first radiating element and the second radiating element is arranged in parallel and at a predetermined interval, so that the coaxial cable or the balanced two-wire system is used. By connecting to a cable, it is possible to obtain a frequency band that is at least four times the minimum operating frequency, and because it is a small and thin flat plate, it is suitable for incorporation in equipment. Moreover, since it can be easily configured with sheet metal having the same shape, it is inexpensive.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the shape of the conductive plate of the first radiating element and the second radiating element is an equilateral triangle, the assembling property can be improved and the assembling cost can be reduced.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the first and second radiating elements are flat conductor plates, the shape can be widened and the shape can be determined in accordance with the built-in equipment.
Further, in claim 4, since the shape of the first radiating element and the second radiating element is a triangle, a polygon having at least one parallel portion, or a triangular annular conductor plate having a punched portion, By punching out the sheet metal, the first radiating element and the second radiating element can be manufactured simultaneously or simply, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
Further, in claim 5, since each radiating element is provided on the front and back surfaces of the printed circuit board and a microstrip line is formed in place of the coaxial cable to perform power feeding, the antenna can be made small and thin. Can be fixed.
Further, in claim 6, since the shape of the first radiating element and the second radiating element is a triangle, a polygon having at least one parallel portion, or a triangular annular conductor plate having a punched portion, Design can be facilitated.

以下、本発明を図に示した実施形態を用いて詳細に説明する。但し、この実施形態に記載される構成要素、種類、組み合わせ、形状、その相対配置などは特定的な記載がない限り、この発明の範囲をそれのみに限定する主旨ではなく単なる説明例に過ぎない。
図１は、本発明の第１の実施例によるアンテナの斜視図である。このアンテナは、正三角形の導体板から構成される第１の放射素子１と、同じく正三角形の導体板から構成される第２の放射素子２と、同軸ケーブル３とを備えて構成される。そして第１の放射素子１の一辺１ａと第２の放射素子２の一辺２ａは略平行に対向するように配置され、且つ所定の距離を隔てて配置される。そして第１の放射素子１の一辺１ａが同軸ケーブル３の中心導体４に接続されている。また第２の放射素子２の一辺２ａが同軸ケーブル３の外部導体５に接続された構造となっている。
通常は、第１の放射素子１と第２の放射素子２は線対称の関係になっているが、電気的な整合の特性上の都合から、大きさや形状が異なり、線対称とならない場合もある。また第１の放射素子１及び第２の放射素子２は、通常、薄い導体の板で構成される。具体的には、厚さ０．１〜２ｍｍ程度の銅板、真鍮板やアルミ板などが用いられる。これらの金属板には防錆のために、メッキや塗装が施される。尚、図の例では第１の放射素子１の一辺１ａが同軸ケーブル３の中心導体４に接続され、第２の放射素子２の一辺２ａが同軸ケーブル３の外部導体５に接続されているが、逆でも構わない。また、同軸ケーブル３の代わりに平衡２線式ケーブル（図示せず）を使用しても良い。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the components, types, combinations, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like described in this embodiment are merely illustrative examples and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only unless otherwise specified. .
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The antenna includes a first radiating element 1 composed of a regular triangular conductor plate, a second radiating element 2 composed of a regular triangular conductor plate, and a coaxial cable 3. The one side 1a of the first radiating element 1 and the one side 2a of the second radiating element 2 are arranged so as to face each other substantially in parallel, and are arranged at a predetermined distance. One side 1 a of the first radiating element 1 is connected to the central conductor 4 of the coaxial cable 3. Further, one side 2 a of the second radiating element 2 is connected to the outer conductor 5 of the coaxial cable 3.
Normally, the first radiating element 1 and the second radiating element 2 are in a line-symmetric relationship, but due to the characteristics of electrical matching, the size and shape may be different and the line may not be line-symmetric. is there. The first radiating element 1 and the second radiating element 2 are usually composed of thin conductive plates. Specifically, a copper plate, brass plate, aluminum plate or the like having a thickness of about 0.1 to 2 mm is used. These metal plates are plated or painted for rust prevention. In the illustrated example, one side 1 a of the first radiating element 1 is connected to the central conductor 4 of the coaxial cable 3, and one side 2 a of the second radiating element 2 is connected to the outer conductor 5 of the coaxial cable 3. The reverse is also acceptable. Further, a balanced two-wire cable (not shown) may be used instead of the coaxial cable 3.

図２は、本発明の第１の実施例のアンテナの寸法関係を示す説明図である。図２において、第１の放射素子１の高さｈの寸法は、最低使用周波数の波長λＬの０．２５倍程度に選ばれる。またｈの寸法は、三角形の形状にもより、０．２〜０．３倍程度の幅で最適な整合点が得られやすい。同様に、横幅Ｓ１についても、λＬの０．２〜０．２５倍程度に選ばれることが多い。さらに、残り２辺の寸法Ｓ２及びＳ３についても、λＬの０．２〜０．２５倍程度に選ばれることが多い。また第２の放射素子２の寸法も前述したように、概ね、第１の放射素子１と同程度の寸法に選ばれることが多い。また、第１の放射素子１と第２の放射素子２の給電点６の位置は、中心線７からｄの位置で表現すると、ｄがＳ１の１／６程度に選ばれることが多い。さらに、第１の放射素子１と第２の放射素子２の間隔Ｓ４は、λＬの０．０３倍程度に選ばれることが多い。またＳ４も本発明のアンテナの整合状態の影響が大きく、０．０２〜０．０５倍程度の範囲で調整されることが多い。
図３は、本発明によるアンテナの第１の放射素子１と第２の放射素子２の形状のバリエーションを示したものである。図では右側を第１の放射素子、左側を第２の放射素子とする。（ａ）は、それぞれの放射素子の三角形の一部ａ１、ａ２を一箇所だけ切り欠いた形状である。（ｂ）は、それぞれの放射素子の三角形の一部ｂ１、ｂ３及びｂ２、ｂ４を二箇所切り欠いた形状である。（ｃ）は、横長の二等辺三角形を用いた場合である。（ｄ）は、縦長の二等辺三角形を用いた場合である。（ｅ）は、直角三角形を用いた場合である。（ｆ）は、鈍角三角形を用いた場合である。（ｇ）は、それぞれの放射素子の三角形の内側を一箇所だけ三角形ｇ１、ｇ２の打ち抜き部を有する形状である。（ｈ）は、三角形の内側を一箇所だけ楕円形ｈ１、ｈ２の打ち抜き部を有する形状である。尚、（ａ）の辺ａ３、ａ４と、（ｂ）の辺ｂ５、ｂ６はそれぞれ平行になるように配置される。 FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the dimensional relationship of the antenna of the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the dimension of the height h of the first radiating element 1 is selected to be about 0.25 times the wavelength λ L of the lowest usable frequency. Moreover, the dimension of h is easy to obtain an optimal matching point with a width of about 0.2 to 0.3 times depending on the triangular shape. Similarly, the lateral width S1 also selected often in 0.2-0.25 times the lambda L. Furthermore, for the dimensions S2 and S3 of the remaining two sides, it selected often in 0.2-0.25 times the lambda L. In addition, as described above, the size of the second radiating element 2 is generally selected to be approximately the same as that of the first radiating element 1. In addition, when the position of the feeding point 6 of the first radiating element 1 and the second radiating element 2 is expressed by a position d from the center line 7, d is often selected to be about 1/6 of S1. Furthermore, the first radiating element 1 and the second spacing S4 in the radiating element 2 is often chosen to 0.03 times the lambda L. S4 is also greatly affected by the matching state of the antenna of the present invention, and is often adjusted within a range of about 0.02 to 0.05 times.
FIG. 3 shows variations in the shapes of the first radiating element 1 and the second radiating element 2 of the antenna according to the present invention. In the figure, the right side is the first radiating element and the left side is the second radiating element. (A) is a shape in which a part of the triangles a1 and a2 of each radiating element are cut out at only one place. (B) is the shape which cut off two parts b1, b3 and b2, b4 of the triangle of each radiation element. (C) is a case where a horizontally long isosceles triangle is used. (D) is a case where a vertically long isosceles triangle is used. (E) is a case where a right triangle is used. (F) is a case where an obtuse triangle is used. (G) is the shape which has the punching part of the triangles g1 and g2 only in one place inside the triangle of each radiation | emission element. (H) is a shape having an oval-shaped h1, h2 punched out part at one location inside the triangle. The sides a3 and a4 in (a) and the sides b5 and b6 in (b) are arranged so as to be parallel to each other.

図４は、本発明によるアンテナの第２の実施形態を示す斜視図である。原理的には、図１のアンテナをプリント基板を用いて構成したものであり、同軸ケーブルの代わりにマイクロストリップ線路を用いた構造となっている。プリント基板４０の表面には、外形が三角形の導体から構成される第１の放射素子４１が配置されている。第１の放射素子４１は給電部４３より、導体から構成されるマイクロストリップライン４５に接続されている。またプリント基板４０の裏面には、外形が三角形の導体から構成される第２の放射素子４２が配置されている。第２の放射素子４２は給電部４４より、導体から構成されるマイクロストリップライン４６に接続されている。
さらにマイクロストリップライン４５と４６は、その軸方向の中心線がほぼ一致している関係となっており、マイクロストリップの平衡２線伝送線路を構成している。なお、一般には平衡２線伝送線路では給電の都合上不便であるため、不平衡の同軸ケーブルで給電できるようにテーパ４７を設けて、不平衡なマイクロストリップ伝送線路に変換している。尚、平衡２線伝送線路で給電する方が都合がよい場合は、テーパ４７は不要である。
以上、説明したように、第１の放射素子４１および第２の放射素子４２を三角形または少なくても１箇所は平行な部分を有する多角形の導体板で構成し、第１の放射素子４１と第２の放射素子４２とを線対称に配置した構造とすることにより、非常に広帯域な特性のアンテナを実現することができる。この場合、ＶＳＷＲが３以下であれば、最低使用周波数の４倍以上の周波数帯域がとることが可能である。 FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the antenna according to the present invention. In principle, the antenna of FIG. 1 is configured using a printed circuit board, and has a structure using a microstrip line instead of a coaxial cable. On the surface of the printed circuit board 40, a first radiating element 41 having a triangular outer shape is disposed. The first radiating element 41 is connected to a microstrip line 45 made of a conductor from a power feeding unit 43. On the back surface of the printed circuit board 40, a second radiating element 42 having a triangular outer shape is disposed. The second radiating element 42 is connected to a microstrip line 46 composed of a conductor from a power feeding unit 44.
Furthermore, the microstrip lines 45 and 46 have a relationship in which the center lines in the axial direction substantially coincide with each other, and constitute a balanced two-wire transmission line of microstrip. In general, a balanced two-wire transmission line is inconvenient for power feeding, and therefore a taper 47 is provided so that power can be fed by an unbalanced coaxial cable, and converted to an unbalanced microstrip transmission line. Note that the taper 47 is not necessary when it is more convenient to supply power with a balanced two-wire transmission line.
As described above, the first radiating element 41 and the second radiating element 42 are formed of a triangular conductor plate or a polygonal conductive plate having at least one parallel portion, and the first radiating element 41 and By adopting a structure in which the second radiating element 42 is arranged in line symmetry, an antenna having a very wide band characteristic can be realized. In this case, if VSWR is 3 or less, it is possible to take a frequency band that is four times or more of the lowest usable frequency.

本発明によるアンテナの第１の実施形態を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows 1st Embodiment of the antenna by this invention. 本発明によるアンテナの第１の実施形態の説明図。Explanatory drawing of 1st Embodiment of the antenna by this invention. 本発明によるアンテナの放射素子の形状の説明図。Explanatory drawing of the shape of the radiation element of the antenna by this invention. 本発明によるアンテナの第２の実施形態を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows 2nd Embodiment of the antenna by this invention. 従来技術のアンテナの一例を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows an example of the antenna of a prior art.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 第１の放射素子、２ 第２の放射素子、３ 同軸ケーブル、４ 同軸ケーブルの中心導体、５ 同軸ケーブルの外部導体、６ 給電部、７ 中心線、４０ プリント基板、４１ 第１の放射素子、４２ 第２の放射素子、４３ 給電部、４４ 給電部、４５ マイクリストリップライン、４６ マイクロストリップライン、４７ テーパ、１０１ 円板、１０２ 円錐、１０３ 同軸ケーブル、１０４ 同軸ケーブルの中心導体、１０５ 同軸ケーブルの外部導体 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st radiating element, 2nd 2nd radiating element, 3 coaxial cable, 4 central conductor of coaxial cable, 5 outer conductor of coaxial cable, 6 feeding part, 7 center line, 40 printed circuit board, 41 1st radiating element , 42 2nd radiating element, 43 feeding section, 44 feeding section, 45 microstrip line, 46 microstrip line, 47 taper, 101 disc, 102 cone, 103 coaxial cable, 104 coaxial cable central conductor, 105 coaxial Cable outer conductor

Claims (6)

三角形の導体板からなる第１の放射素子と、三角形の導体板からなる第２の放射素子と、同軸ケーブル又は平衡２線式ケーブルと、を備えたアンテナであって、
前記第１の放射素子の三角形の一辺と前記第２の放射素子の三角形の一辺が平行に、且つ所定の距離を隔てて配置され、前記各放射素子の前記各一辺に前記同軸ケーブルの中心導体と外部導体を接続するか、又は前記各放射素子の前記各一辺に前記平衡２線式ケーブルの信号線を接続することを特徴とするアンテナ。 An antenna comprising a first radiating element made of a triangular conductor plate, a second radiating element made of a triangular conductor plate, and a coaxial cable or a balanced two-wire cable,
One side of the triangle of the first radiating element and one side of the triangle of the second radiating element are arranged in parallel and at a predetermined distance, and a central conductor of the coaxial cable is arranged on each side of the radiating element. And an external conductor, or a signal line of the balanced two-wire cable is connected to each side of each radiating element. 前記第１の放射素子及び第２の放射素子の導体板の形状が正三角形であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のアンテナ。   2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the conductive plates of the first and second radiating elements is an equilateral triangle. 平板状の導体板からなる第１の放射素子と、平板状の導体板からなる第２の放射素子と、同軸ケーブル又は平衡２線式ケーブルと、を備えたアンテナであって、
前記第１の放射素子の導体板の一辺と前記第２の放射素子の導体板の一辺が平行に、且つ所定の距離を隔てて配置され、前記各放射素子の前記各一辺に前記同軸ケーブルの中心導体と外部導体を接続するか、又は前記各放射素子の前記各一辺に前記平衡２線式ケーブルの信号線を接続することを特徴とするアンテナ。 An antenna including a first radiating element made of a flat conductor plate, a second radiating element made of a flat conductor plate, and a coaxial cable or a balanced two-wire cable,
One side of the conductor plate of the first radiating element and one side of the conductor plate of the second radiating element are arranged in parallel and at a predetermined distance, and the coaxial cable is disposed on each side of the radiating element. A center conductor and an external conductor are connected, or a signal line of the balanced two-wire cable is connected to each side of each radiating element. 前記第１の放射素子及び第２の放射素子は、三角形、少なくとも二つの辺が平行な多角形、又は打ち抜き部を備えた三角形の環状導体板であることを特徴とする請求項３に記載のアンテナ。   The said 1st radiating element and 2nd radiating element are a triangular annular conductor board provided with the triangle, the polygon in which at least two sides are parallel, or the punching part. antenna. 板状の導体板からなる第１の放射素子と、板状の導体板からなる第２の放射素子と、マイクロストリップ線路と、誘電体基板とを備えたアンテナであって、
前記第１の放射素子、第２の放射素子及びマイクロストリップ線路が前記誘電体基板上にプリントパターンとして形成され、前記第１の放射素子と第２の放射素子は、夫々を構成する導体板の各一辺同士が平行となるように前記誘電体基板の表裏に配置され、当該導体板の一辺に前記マイクロストリップ線路を接続し、当該導体板の他の一辺に前記マイクロストリップ線路のグランド導体を接続したことを特徴とするアンテナ。 An antenna comprising a first radiating element made of a plate-like conductor plate, a second radiating element made of a plate-like conductor plate, a microstrip line, and a dielectric substrate,
The first radiating element, the second radiating element, and the microstrip line are formed as a printed pattern on the dielectric substrate, and the first radiating element and the second radiating element are conductor plates constituting each of them. Arranged on the front and back of the dielectric substrate so that each side is parallel, the microstrip line is connected to one side of the conductor plate, and the ground conductor of the microstrip line is connected to the other side of the conductor plate An antenna characterized by. 前記第１の放射素子と第２の放射素子の形状は三角形、少なくとも１箇所は平行な部分を有する多角形、又は打ち抜き部を備えた三角形の環状導体板であることを特徴とする請求項５に記載のアンテナ。
6. The shape of each of the first radiating element and the second radiating element is a triangle, a polygon having at least one parallel portion, or a triangular annular conductor plate having a punched portion. Antenna described in.
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US7948445B2 (en) 2008-02-18 2011-05-24 Nec Corporation Wideband antenna and clothing and articles using the same
JP2012521128A (en) * 2009-03-17 2012-09-10 アンスティテュ テレコム−テレコム ブルターニュ Dual fin antenna
US8344888B2 (en) 2006-08-31 2013-01-01 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Semiconductor device
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US8344888B2 (en) 2006-08-31 2013-01-01 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Semiconductor device
JP2008113336A (en) * 2006-10-31 2008-05-15 Nec Corp Wide-band omnidirectional antenna
JP4682965B2 (en) * 2006-10-31 2011-05-11 日本電気株式会社 Broadband omnidirectional antenna
WO2008136414A1 (en) * 2007-04-27 2008-11-13 Nec Corporation Wideband antenna
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CN103594783A (en) * 2012-12-28 2014-02-19 中国科学院电子学研究所 Ultra wide band triangle plane resistive film antenna

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