JP2005165129A - Image display device and display method - Google Patents

Image display device and display method Download PDF

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JP2005165129A
JP2005165129A JP2003406201A JP2003406201A JP2005165129A JP 2005165129 A JP2005165129 A JP 2005165129A JP 2003406201 A JP2003406201 A JP 2003406201A JP 2003406201 A JP2003406201 A JP 2003406201A JP 2005165129 A JP2005165129 A JP 2005165129A
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display
electronic paper
display device
display surface
image
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Masahito Yamazaki
雅仁 山崎
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Canon Inc
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Canon Inc
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image display device which allows image or information display to be suppressed and controlled in an area invisible for a main user with respect to image display on an electronic paper. <P>SOLUTION: The image display device comprises an electronic paper display device 1100 provided with a flexible display surface and a display control device 1000 for displaying images on the electronic paper display device. The electronic paper display device 1100 has a distortion detection means arranged along the periphery of the display surface, and the display control device 1000has a distortion estimation means 1007 for estimating a bending state on the basis of detection information from the distortion detection means and a display control means 1006 for selectively displaying images in a desired area of the display surface of the electronic paper display device 1100. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、電子ペーパーを用いた画像表示装置及び表示方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an image display device and display method using electronic paper.

近年、紙に代わる表示媒体として電子ペーパーがある（例えば特許文献１）。電子ペーパーには、表示層と制御薄膜層が一体化した柔軟性を持つ薄膜ディスプレー装置をさし、表示層の方式として、マイクロカプセル電気泳動方式やツイストボール方式などがある。その特徴として、電子写真現像方式を用いた印刷装置に匹敵する高解像度と、表示層でのメモリ性、折り曲げも可能な柔軟性が挙げられる。   In recent years, there is electronic paper as a display medium replacing paper (for example, Patent Document 1). Electronic paper refers to a flexible thin film display device in which a display layer and a control thin film layer are integrated. Examples of the display layer include a microcapsule electrophoresis method and a twist ball method. Its features include high resolution comparable to a printing apparatus using an electrophotographic developing method, memory property in the display layer, and flexibility that enables bending.

かかる電子ペーパーの柔軟性を生かせば、想定される使用状況ごとに複数の大きさの電子ペーパーを用意する必要はなく、その可撓性により大判の電子ペーパー１枚を自由に折り曲げて所望の大きさで表示、閲覧をすることが可能である。   By taking advantage of the flexibility of such electronic paper, it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of sizes of electronic paper for each expected use situation. Now it is possible to display and browse.

特開平１０−１７１６２０号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-171620

電子ペーパーを折り曲げた状態で、文書やデータの表示を行う場合、ユーザーの視野に入らない領域（裏側へ折れ曲がった部分等）に表示を行うことは、実質的に無駄な処理になってしまう。またこの場合、公衆の場で閲覧を行う際には、裏面の情報はセキュリティあるいはプライバシー等の観点から非表示であるべきである。しかしながら、従来の電子ペーパーではユーザーから見て裏側へ折れ曲がった部分（不可視領域）でも画像もしくは情報が表示されてしまうのが実情であった。   When displaying a document or data in a state in which the electronic paper is folded, displaying in a region that does not enter the user's field of view (such as a portion bent to the back side) is a substantially wasteful process. In this case, when browsing in a public place, the information on the back surface should be hidden from the viewpoint of security or privacy. However, in the conventional electronic paper, an image or information is displayed even in a portion (invisible region) that is bent to the back side as viewed from the user.

本発明は上述の問題点に鑑み、電子ペーパーによる表示において特に主たるユーザーからの不可視領域に対して画像もしくは情報表示を抑制制御可能な画像表示装置を提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above-described problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an image display device capable of suppressing and controlling an image or information display particularly in an invisible region from a main user in display using electronic paper.

本発明の画像表示装置は、可撓性を有する表示面を備えた電子ペーパー表示装置とこの電子ペーパー表示装置に対して画像表示を行う表示コントロール装置とによって構成される画像表示装置であって、前記電子ペーパー表示装置は、前記表示面の周辺に沿って配設された歪み検出手段を有し、前記表示コントロール装置は、前記歪み検出手段からの検出情報に基き、前記電子ペーパー表示装置の折り曲げ状態を推定する歪み量推定手段と、前記電子ペーパー表示装置の表示面の所望領域に選択的に表示を行わせる表示コントロール手段とを有することを特徴とする。   An image display device of the present invention is an image display device constituted by an electronic paper display device having a flexible display surface and a display control device for displaying an image on the electronic paper display device, The electronic paper display device has distortion detection means arranged along the periphery of the display surface, and the display control device is configured to bend the electronic paper display device based on detection information from the distortion detection means. Distortion amount estimation means for estimating the state, and display control means for selectively performing display on a desired area of the display surface of the electronic paper display device.

また、本発明の画像表示装置において、前記歪み検出手段は、前記表示面の周辺に沿って並設された複数の歪みゲージにより構成される歪みセンサアレーからなり、各歪みゲージの抵抗値変化量が検出されるようにしたことを特徴とする。   Further, in the image display device of the present invention, the strain detection means comprises a strain sensor array composed of a plurality of strain gauges arranged in parallel along the periphery of the display surface, and the resistance value change amount of each strain gauge. Is detected.

また、本発明の画像表示装置において、前記電子ペーパー表示装置はさらに、前記表示面の周辺に沿って配設された可視領域指定手段を有し、この可視領域指定手段に対する正対方向を基準にして、前記表示面におけるユーザー視野に入る領域を特定するようにしたことを特徴とする。
また、可撓性を有する表示面を備えた電子ペーパー表示装置に表示を行わせるための表示方法であって、前記表示面の折り曲げ状態を判別する判別工程と、前記判別工程において判別された折り曲げ状態に基づく前記表示面領域に、表示を行わせる表示制御工程と、を有することを特徴とする。 In the image display device of the present invention, the electronic paper display device further includes a visible area designating unit disposed along the periphery of the display surface, and the directing direction with respect to the visible area designating unit is used as a reference. Thus, an area that falls within the user field of view on the display surface is specified.
A display method for causing an electronic paper display device provided with a flexible display surface to perform display, a determination step of determining a bent state of the display surface, and a bending determined in the determination step And a display control step for displaying on the display surface area based on the state.

本発明の画像表示装置において、電子ペーパー表示装置の歪み検出手段からの検出情報に基き、歪み量推定手段が電子ペーパーパネルの折り曲げ状態を推定するようになっている。そして、電子ペーパーパネルの折り曲げ状態に応じて表示面の所望領域に選択的に表示を行わせる。たとえば、裏側に折れ曲がった領域については画像表示しないように制御することができる。
また、不可視領域となる角度の描画領域の画像を消去することで、折り曲げられた状態で裏面に位置する表示面に対して表示を行わないようにできる。
また、ユーザにより可視領域を指定できるので、どの面がユーザに正対するかを判別することができる。 In the image display apparatus of the present invention, the distortion amount estimation means estimates the bent state of the electronic paper panel based on detection information from the distortion detection means of the electronic paper display apparatus. Then, a desired display area is selectively displayed according to the bent state of the electronic paper panel. For example, it is possible to control not to display an image for a region bent to the back side.
Further, by erasing the image of the drawing area at an angle that becomes an invisible area, it is possible to prevent display from being performed on the display surface located on the back surface in a folded state.
In addition, since the visible region can be designated by the user, it is possible to determine which surface faces the user.

本発明によれば、無駄な画像表示をなくし効率的な画象表示を実現する。また、セキュリティ等についても万全性を確保することが可能になる。   According to the present invention, useless image display is eliminated and efficient image display is realized. It is also possible to ensure completeness with respect to security and the like.

以下、添付図面を参照しながら本発明による好適な実施形態を説明する。
（第１の実施形態）
図１は、本発明を適用可能な電子ペーパー表示装置およびその表示コントロール装置を含む画像表示装置の構成を示すブロック図である。図１において、1000は電子ペーパー表示装置の表示コントロール装置を示し、1100は電子ペーパー表示装置を示す。なお、電子ペーパー表示装置1100の基本構成は、前述したように表示層と制御薄膜層が一体化した柔軟性を持つ薄膜ディスプレー装置となっている。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an image display apparatus including an electronic paper display apparatus to which the present invention can be applied and a display control apparatus thereof. In FIG. 1, 1000 indicates a display control device of an electronic paper display device, and 1100 indicates an electronic paper display device. The basic configuration of the electronic paper display device 1100 is a flexible thin film display device in which the display layer and the control thin film layer are integrated as described above.

表示コントロール装置1000は、CPU 1001を備え、ROM 1002 に記憶された制御ソフトウェアを実行し、システムバス1004に接続される各装置もしくは手段を統括的に制御する。ROM 1002に記憶されたプログラムにより、本発明の表示方式の各処理が実行される。
1003は RAM であり、CPU 1001の主メモリ、ワークエリア等として機能する。
1005は操作パネルコントロール手段であり、操作パネル1101 からの入力を制御する。
1006は表示コントロール手段であり、電子ペーパー表示装置1100の表示部1102 の画面表示を制御する。
1007は歪み量推定装置であり、電子ペーパー表示装置1100上の歪みセンサアレー1103の抵抗値の変化を検知し、電子ペーパー表示装置1100の折り曲げ状態を推定する。
1008はネットワークインタフェースであり、必要に応じて接続されLAN 1200に、他のネットワーク機器と双方向のデータのやり取りを行う。 The display control apparatus 1000 includes a CPU 1001 and executes control software stored in the ROM 1002 to centrally control each apparatus or means connected to the system bus 1004. Each process of the display method of the present invention is executed by a program stored in the ROM 1002.
Reference numeral 1003 denotes RAM, which functions as the main memory, work area, and the like of the CPU 1001.
Reference numeral 1005 denotes an operation panel control means that controls input from the operation panel 1101.
Reference numeral 1006 denotes display control means for controlling the screen display of the display unit 1102 of the electronic paper display device 1100.
Reference numeral 1007 denotes a distortion amount estimation device that detects a change in the resistance value of the strain sensor array 1103 on the electronic paper display device 1100 and estimates the bent state of the electronic paper display device 1100.
Reference numeral 1008 denotes a network interface which is connected as necessary to exchange data bidirectionally with other network devices via the LAN 1200.

図２は、歪みセンサアレー1103 の正面図および平断面図である。図２において、2000 は電子ペーパーパネル本体である。
2001は歪みゲージ単体であり、抵抗体薄膜からなる。歪みゲージ単体2001は複数個が並べられて歪みセンサアレー1103を構成し、歪みセンサアレー1103は電子ペーパーパネル本体2000の表面および裏面に貼り付けられる。
2002は電子ペーパーパネル本体2000と歪みゲージ単体2001とを接合する接着剤層であり、絶縁体となっている。
2003は歪みゲージ単体2001を保護するための保護フィルム層であり、絶縁体からなる柔軟な樹脂フィルムからなっている。 FIG. 2 is a front view and a plan sectional view of the strain sensor array 1103. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 2000 denotes an electronic paper panel body.
2001 is a single strain gauge, which consists of a resistor thin film. A plurality of strain gauges 2001 are arranged to form a strain sensor array 1103, and the strain sensor array 1103 is attached to the front and back surfaces of the electronic paper panel main body 2000.
2002 is an adhesive layer that joins the electronic paper panel main body 2000 and the strain gauge simple substance 2001, and is an insulator.
2003 is a protective film layer for protecting the strain gauge simple substance 2001, and is made of a flexible resin film made of an insulator.

図３は、歪みセンサアレー1103により電子ペーパーパネルの折り曲げ状態を推定する方法を模式的に示している。図３において、曲率半径の小さい内側の歪みゲージ単体2001（歪みセンサ）の歪みをε1 とし、外側をε2 とする。また、電子ペーパーパネル本体2000の厚みをd 、歪みゲージ単体2001のゲージ長をLとし、図示のように折り曲げられた角度をθとすると、次の関係式が得られる。
ε1 = −dθ/2L
ε2 = dθ/2L
θ= (ε2 − ε1 )L/d FIG. 3 schematically shows a method of estimating the bent state of the electronic paper panel by the strain sensor array 1103. In FIG. 3, the strain of the inner strain gauge unit 2001 (strain sensor) having a small radius of curvature is denoted by ε 1 and the outer side is denoted by ε 2 . Further, when the thickness of the electronic paper panel main body 2000 is d, the gauge length of the strain gauge unit 2001 is L, and the angle bent as shown is θ, the following relational expression is obtained.
ε 1 = −dθ / 2L
ε 2 = dθ / 2L
θ = (ε 2 − ε 1 ) L / d

よって、求めるべき歪εは、下記式で表される。
ε＝ΔＬ／Ｌ＝（ΔＲ/Ｒ）／Ｋ
なお、Ｒは歪みセンサのゲージ抵抗値、ΔＲは歪みを受けたときの抵抗値変化量、Ｋ
は歪みセンサのゲージ率である。さらに、内側の歪みセンサの抵抗値変化量をΔＲ1
、外側の歪みセンサの抵抗値変化量をΔＲ2とすると、電子ペーパーパネルの折り曲
げ角度θは、下記式のように推定される。
θ＝（ΔＲ2−ΔＲ1）Ｌ／Ｋｄｒ
この場合、歪みセンサは複数並べられてアレー状となっているため、任意のセンサ位置での折り曲げ角度は、各センサの折り曲げ角度を積算することで求めることができる。 Therefore, the strain ε to be obtained is expressed by the following equation.
ε = ΔL / L = (ΔR / R) / K
R is the gauge resistance value of the strain sensor, ΔR is the amount of change in resistance value when strain is applied, and K
Is the gauge factor of the strain sensor. Further, the amount of change in resistance value of the inner strain sensor is expressed as ΔR 1
If the resistance value change amount of the outer strain sensor is ΔR 2 , the bending angle θ of the electronic paper panel is estimated as the following equation.
θ = (ΔR 2 −ΔR 1 ) L / Kdr
In this case, since a plurality of strain sensors are arranged in an array, the bending angle at any sensor position can be obtained by integrating the bending angles of the sensors.

図４は、本発明の電子ペーパー表示装置1100の外観を示す模式図である。図４において、4001は図１中の操作パネル1101に相当する。操作パネル1101上には電源スイッチやカーソルキーが配置され、図示されない電子ペーパー表示面上に表示されるメニューの操作や、画面スクロールなどの際に使用される。
4002は図1中の歪みセンサアレー1103に相当する。
4003は電子ペーパー表示面である。なお、この電子ペーパー表示面4003は、論理的には図示するように歪みセンサアレー1103の各歪みセンサの幅で区切られており、描画および消去は、センサの幅で区切られる領域を単位として実行される。 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the appearance of the electronic paper display device 1100 of the present invention. In FIG. 4, 4001 corresponds to the operation panel 1101 in FIG. A power switch and cursor keys are arranged on the operation panel 1101 and are used for menu operations displayed on an electronic paper display surface (not shown) and screen scrolling.
Reference numeral 4002 corresponds to the strain sensor array 1103 in FIG.
Reference numeral 4003 denotes an electronic paper display surface. The electronic paper display surface 4003 is logically divided by the width of each strain sensor of the strain sensor array 1103 as shown in the figure, and drawing and erasing are executed in units of areas divided by the sensor width. Is done.

図５は、本発明の電子ペーパー表示装置1100においてユーザー可視面の描画およびユーザー不可視面の消去処理を示すフローチャートである。つぎに、この処理について説明する。
ステップS501にて、歪み量推定装置1007は、歪みセンサアレー1103の一番端(始端) の歪みセンサに対して、前述した抵抗値の検出を行う。この抵抗値よりステップS502 にて、１歪みセンサの幅における折り曲げ角度θを推定する。この折り曲げ角度θが、定められた一定の角度（−90<θ< 90） の範囲にあるかどうかをステップS503 にて判断し、もし範囲外の角度であったなら、ステップS505 にて、該歪みセンサと同じ幅に相当する電子ペーパー表示面4003上の表示領域に対して消去処理を行う。また、折り曲げ角度θが定められた範囲内であった場合は、ステップS504にて描画処理を行う。描画される画像は、電子ペーパー表示コントローラ1006においてレンダリングされた文書などのビットマップデータである。 FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing drawing processing of the user visible surface and erasing processing of the user invisible surface in the electronic paper display device 1100 of the present invention. Next, this process will be described.
In step S501, the strain amount estimation apparatus 1007 detects the aforementioned resistance value for the strain sensor at the extreme end (starting end) of the strain sensor array 1103. In step S502, the bending angle θ in the width of one strain sensor is estimated from this resistance value. In step S503, it is determined whether or not the bending angle θ is within a predetermined range (−90 <θ <90). If the angle is out of the range, the step S505 An erasing process is performed on the display area on the electronic paper display surface 4003 corresponding to the same width as the strain sensor. If the bending angle θ is within the determined range, the drawing process is performed in step S504. The rendered image is bitmap data such as a document rendered by the electronic paper display controller 1006.

その後、ステップS506にて、歪みセンサアレー1103上の隣の歪みセンサに対して、抵抗値の検出を行う。以後、ステップS502では、前回測定した折り曲げ角度θに、今回計測した歪みセンサの折り曲げ角度を積算することにより、絶対的な折り曲げ角度を求めていく。このような処理を繰り返すことにより、電子ペーパー表示装置1100の始端から終端までをスキャンし、折り曲げ角度が一定値以上の描画領域に対しては、表示を行わないことが可能になる。なお、スキャンが終端まで終了した際には、また始端にもどって処理を繰り返す。   Thereafter, in step S506, the resistance value is detected for the adjacent strain sensor on the strain sensor array 1103. Thereafter, in step S502, the absolute bending angle is obtained by adding the bending angle of the strain sensor measured this time to the bending angle θ measured last time. By repeating such processing, it is possible to scan from the start end to the end of the electronic paper display device 1100 and display is not performed for a drawing region whose bending angle is a certain value or more. When the scan is completed to the end, the process is repeated by returning to the start end.

（第２の実施形態）
図６は、本発明の第2の実施形態を示す外観図である。
第２の実施形態では第１の実施形態の電子ペーパー表示装置1100に加えて、複数のタッチセンサ素子5001が装備されている。タッチセンサ素子5001は、歪みセンサアレー1103のなかの歪みゲージの片面の個数と同等の個数が装備され、歪み量推定装置1007に電気的に接続されている。それぞれのタッチセンサ素子5001は、ユーザーに対して正対する面の方向を検知するために設置されており、ユーザーはタッチセンサ素子5001のひとつに触れることによって、現在のユーザーの正対方向を電子ペーパー表示コントローラ1006に対して指示することができる。 (Second Embodiment)
FIG. 6 is an external view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
In the second embodiment, in addition to the electronic paper display device 1100 of the first embodiment, a plurality of touch sensor elements 5001 are provided. The number of touch sensor elements 5001 is equal to the number of one side of the strain gauge in the strain sensor array 1103 and is electrically connected to the strain amount estimation apparatus 1007. Each touch sensor element 5001 is installed to detect the direction of the surface facing the user, and the user touches one of the touch sensor elements 5001 to indicate the current user's facing direction to the electronic paper. An instruction can be given to the display controller 1006.

第２の実施形態の構成の場合、タッチセンサ素子5001の位置における折り曲げ角度がφであったとすると、図５に示されるステップS502 における可視角度の推定の際、定められた一定の角度（−90＋φ<θ< 90φ） の範囲にあるかどうかをステップS503 にて判断する。この場合、もし範囲外の角度であったなら、ステップS505 にて、該歪みセンサと同じ幅に相当する電子ペーパー表示面4003上の表示領域に対して、消去処理を行うことになる。   In the case of the configuration of the second embodiment, assuming that the bending angle at the position of the touch sensor element 5001 is φ, when the visible angle is estimated in step S502 shown in FIG. In step S503, it is determined whether or not <θ <90φ). In this case, if the angle is out of the range, in step S505, an erasing process is performed on the display area on the electronic paper display surface 4003 corresponding to the same width as the distortion sensor.

本発明の第１の実施形態における画像表示装置の構成を示すブロック図である。1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an image display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第１の実施形態における歪みセンサアレーの正面図および平断面図である。It is the front view and plane sectional view of a distortion sensor array in a 1st embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第１の実施形態における電子ペーパーパネルの折り曲げ状態を推定する方法を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the method of estimating the bending state of the electronic paper panel in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１の実施形態における電子ペーパー表示装置の外観を示す斜視図である。1 is a perspective view showing an external appearance of an electronic paper display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第１の実施形態におけるユーザー可視面の描画およびユーザー不可視面の消去処理を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the drawing process of the user visible surface in the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and the deletion process of a user invisible surface. 本発明の第２の実施形態における外観を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1000 表示コントロール装置
1001 CPU
1002 ROM
1003 RAM
1004 システムバス
1005 操作パネルコントロール手段
1006 表示コントロール手段
1007 歪み量推定装置
1008 ネットワークインタフェース
1100 電子ペーパー表示装置
1101 操作パネル
1102 電子ペーパー表示部
1103 歪みセンサアレー
2000 電子ペーパーパネル本体
2001 歪みゲージ単体
2002 接着剤層
2003 保護フィルム層 1000 Display control device
1001 CPU
1002 ROM
1003 RAM
1004 System bus
1005 Control panel control means
1006 Display control means
1007 Distortion estimation device
1008 Network interface
1100 Electronic paper display
1101 Operation panel
1102 Electronic paper display
1103 Strain sensor array
2000 Electronic paper panel body
2001 Strain gauge unit
2002 Adhesive layer
2003 Protective film layer

Claims (4)

可撓性を有する表示面を備えた電子ペーパー表示装置とこの電子ペーパー表示装置に対して画像表示を行う表示コントロール装置とによって構成される画像表示装置であって、
前記電子ペーパー表示装置は、前記表示面の周辺に沿って配設された歪み検出手段を有し、
前記表示コントロール装置は、前記歪み検出手段からの検出情報に基き、前記電子ペーパー表示装置の折り曲げ状態を推定する歪み量推定手段と、前記電子ペーパー表示装置の表示面の所望領域に選択的に表示を行わせる表示コントロール手段とを有することを特徴とする画像表示装置。 An image display device comprising an electronic paper display device having a flexible display surface and a display control device for displaying an image on the electronic paper display device,
The electronic paper display device has strain detection means disposed along the periphery of the display surface,
The display control device selectively displays in a desired area on the display surface of the electronic paper display device, and a distortion amount estimation unit that estimates a bent state of the electronic paper display device based on detection information from the distortion detection unit. An image display device comprising: display control means for performing 前記歪み検出手段は、前記表示面の周辺に沿って並設された複数の歪みゲージにより構成される歪みセンサアレーからなり、各歪みゲージの抵抗値変化量が検出されるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の画像表示装置。   The strain detection means comprises a strain sensor array composed of a plurality of strain gauges arranged in parallel along the periphery of the display surface, and a resistance value change amount of each strain gauge is detected. The image display device according to claim 1. 前記電子ペーパー表示装置はさらに、前記表示面の周辺に沿って配設された可視領域指定手段を有し、この可視領域指定手段に対する正対方向を基準にして、前記表示面におけるユーザー視野に入る領域を特定するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の画像表示装置。   The electronic paper display device further includes a visible area designating unit disposed along the periphery of the display surface, and enters the user field of view on the display surface with reference to a facing direction with respect to the visible area designating unit. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein an area is specified. 可撓性を有する表示面を備えた電子ペーパー表示装置に表示を行わせるための表示方法であって、
前記表示面の折り曲げ状態を判別する判別工程と、
前記判別工程において判別された折り曲げ状態に基づく前記表示面領域に、表示を行わせる表示制御工程と、を有することを特徴とする表示方法。 A display method for causing an electronic paper display device provided with a flexible display surface to perform display,
A discriminating step for discriminating the bent state of the display surface;
A display control step of causing the display surface region based on the bent state determined in the determination step to display.
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