JP2005160438A

JP2005160438A - Method and apparatus for treating food residue

Info

Publication number: JP2005160438A
Application number: JP2003406662A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Hisanori Onishi; 久則大西
Original assignee: Daitsu Kk; Daitsu KK
Current assignee: Daitsu Kk; Daitsu KK
Priority date: 2003-12-05
Filing date: 2003-12-05
Publication date: 2005-06-23

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an energy-saving type treating apparatus compact and reasonable in equipment cost for utilizing residual waste such as bony parts of fish. <P>SOLUTION: This food residue treating apparatus is composed of a food residue tank storing food residue, a fixed quantity feeder cutting out the fixed quantity of food residue, a fixed quantity feeder supplying additive at a set weight ratio to the cut food residue, a roasting machine roasting the cut additive, a crushing/mixing machine crushing and mixing the additive discharged from the roasting machine with the food residue supplied from the fixed quantity feeder, a pressurizing extruding type molding machine molding the product from the crushing/mixing machine to a cylindrical pellet shape, a drying/mingling tool drying and also mingling the molded cylindrical pellets by hot air, and a cooler air-cooling the product discharged from the drying/mingling tool. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、魚類、食品などの残渣廃棄物の活用技術に関し、魚の粗（あら）、魚腸骨、厨芥残渣等（以下、食品残渣と称す）に焙煎した添加物を混合して予備処理し、成型、乾燥などの段階を経て養殖魚類飼料、家畜飼料などを得る食品残渣の処理方法及び処理装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a technology for utilizing waste waste from fish, foods, etc., and pre-treatment by mixing roasted additives with coarse fish, fish iliac bones, salmon residues (hereinafter referred to as food residues), etc. In addition, the present invention relates to a food residue processing method and a processing apparatus for obtaining cultured fish feed, livestock feed and the like through stages such as molding and drying.

市民生活において食生活の位置づけは益々嗜好が高度化、多様化の方向を辿り、食品残渣の処理が良好な環境維持、資源の再利用、廃棄処理経費の圧縮などの観点から重要な社会関心事となってきた。最近では２００１年４月に施行された食品リサイクル法の実施も加味して、食品製造及び消費過程で発生する食品残渣の量を抑制するとともに飼料や肥料等に再利用する合理的なシステムの開発が求められる状況となってきた。 The positioning of eating habits in civic life is becoming an increasingly important social concern from the perspectives of increasing sophistication and diversification, maintaining a good environment for processing food residues, reusing resources, and reducing disposal costs. It has become. In recent years, taking into account the implementation of the Food Recycling Law, which took effect in April 2001, the development of a rational system for reducing the amount of food residues generated during the production and consumption of food and reusing it for feed, fertilizer, etc. Has come to be required.

欧米では、相当以前から小型魚類の飼料、肥料などへの活用が体系的に進められ、魚介類などの食品残渣のリサイクルが行われてきたが、処理に伴う残余廃棄物の発生や食品残渣の腐敗に伴う悪臭公害の発生、取り扱い性などの問題が提起され課題となっていた。 In Europe and the United States, the use of small fish for feed, fertilizer, etc. has been systematically promoted for a long time, and food residues such as seafood have been recycled. Problems such as the occurrence of foul odor pollution caused by corruption and handling were raised.

この傾向は、本邦においても今後食品リサイクル法が徹底され、リサイクル率が向上するに伴って加速される問題であり、食品残渣の体系的、合理的な処理方法及び処理装置の確立が求められている。従来は埋め立て廃棄、焼却等によって処理されていたが、処理コストや処理スペースの問題、更には環境への負荷増等の点からも大きな社会問題が生じており、これに代わる各種解決方法が検討されてきた。食品残渣の処理方法の一例として、これをそのまま家畜等の飼料として利用することも広く行われている。しかしながら、残渣の形態のままでは多量の水分を含み、形態や臭い等の問題があり、保存、流通、保管にも不適であることから、飼料や肥料として再利用が図られてきたが、量的な限度があるのが現状である。 This trend is a problem that will be accelerated as food recycling laws are thoroughly enforced in Japan and the recycling rate is improved in the future, and the establishment of systematic and rational processing methods and processing equipment for food residues is required. Yes. Conventionally, it has been disposed of by landfill disposal, incineration, etc., but there are significant social problems in terms of processing costs and processing space, as well as an increase in environmental burden, and various alternative solutions are being considered. It has been. As an example of a method for treating food residues, it is also widely used as it is as feed for livestock and the like. However, the residue form contains a large amount of water, has problems such as form and odor, and is unsuitable for storage, distribution, and storage, so it has been reused as feed and fertilizer. There are current limitations.

一方、上記の問題点を解決すべく、食品残渣を発酵や乾燥させ、必要に応じて流通に適するような形態に飼料化することも提案されている。例えば、特開２００２−３３５７８１号公報によれば、食品残渣と食品残渣の含水率を調節するための副資材及び発酵菌を混合して発酵槽内で混合物の温度が７０〜８０℃で、１３〜２０時間発酵、熟成した後、乾燥・粉砕して粉状飼料とする方法が開示されている。
特開２００２−３３５７８１号公報（第５〜７頁、第１図） On the other hand, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, it has been proposed to ferment or dry food residues and convert them into a form suitable for distribution if necessary. For example, according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-335781, a food residue and a secondary material for adjusting the moisture content of the food residue and a fermenting bacterium are mixed, and the temperature of the mixture is 70 to 80 ° C. in the fermenter. A method is disclosed in which after -20 hours of fermentation and ripening, the powdered feed is dried and ground.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-335781 (pages 5-7, FIG. 1)

この方法は、家畜に対する嗜好性を富化した高品質の飼料を得る点では評価できるが、この方法を実施するには、装置が複雑で、多種類の機器を必要とし、また、処理も複雑で、かつ、長い発酵処理時間を要し、また、得られる飼料も粉状であることで取り扱い上注意を要するなど不具合な点もある。これに対し本発明は、魚の粗（あら）、魚腸骨、厨芥残渣等の食品残渣から取り扱い容易なペレット状飼料を得ることを目的としたものであって、魚の粗（あら）等の装置壁面への粘着・付着による問題、即ち、食品残渣の長時間に亘る装置壁面への粘着・付着は装置内腐敗や付着成長による詰りのトラブルの発生、また、外熱式乾燥装置では熱伝達の阻害や過熱・焦げの発生による異臭発生等のこれら問題を解消することを重点にした、単純で、処理時間も長時間を要しない食品残渣の処理方法を、また、複雑でなく、コンパクトで設備コストも合理的で、省エネルギ型である処理装置を提供するものである。 Although this method can be evaluated in terms of obtaining a high-quality feed enriched with palatability for livestock, the implementation of this method requires complex equipment, requires many types of equipment, and processing is also complicated. In addition, it takes a long fermentation treatment time, and the feed obtained is also in the form of powder, so that there are problems such as requiring care in handling. On the other hand, the present invention aims to obtain a pellet-shaped feed that is easy to handle from food residues such as fish coarse, fish iliac, and salmon residue, and is a device for rough fish. Problems due to adhesion / adhesion to the wall surface, that is, sticking / adhesion of food residues to the apparatus wall for a long time may cause clogging troubles due to internal rot or adhesion growth, and heat transfer with an external heating dryer A simple and compact, non-complex and compact facility that focuses on solving these problems such as obstruction, overheating, and the generation of a strange odor due to the occurrence of scorching. The present invention provides a processing apparatus that is reasonable in cost and energy saving.

上記の目的を達成するための本発明の請求項１に係る食品残渣の処理方法は、食品残渣を回収する工程と、添加物の焙煎工程を有し、該焙煎添加物を加えて予備乾燥、破砕、混合する予備処理工程と、飼料用製品形状に成型する成型工程と、前記成型品を乾燥かつ混和する乾燥混和工程と、乾燥成型品を冷却し、次いで包装する冷却製品工程とから成ることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, a method for treating a food residue according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a step of recovering a food residue and a roasting step of the additive. From a pretreatment process for drying, crushing and mixing, a molding process for molding into a feed product shape, a dry blending process for drying and blending the molded product, and a cooling product process for cooling and then packaging the dried molded product It is characterized by comprising.

この方法によれば、添加物を焙煎して食品残渣に破砕・混合することにより水分の多い、かつ、臭気発生の源である食品残渣を破砕するとともに食品残渣の表面に添加物が付着することにより食品残渣の表面水分を減じ、かつ、臭気発生の元になる食品残渣が添加物で被覆されることにより、以降の工程における臭気発生を抑制するものである。また、ペレット状に成型することにより食品残渣と添加物の混合物を緻密にして重量当りの表面積を減少させることで機器表面への粘着・付着が防止できるとともに、表面からの臭気発生も抑制でき、かつ、輸送などの取り扱いも容易となる。また、乾燥・混和工程においても、成型品を処理するから粘着・付着も無く、乾燥・混和作業が熱効率よく順調に実施でき、しかも水分が少なくて品質が維持でき、かつ、運搬容易な成型飼料製品を得ることができる。 According to this method, the additive is roasted and crushed and mixed into the food residue to crush the food residue that is rich in moisture and the source of odor generation, and the additive adheres to the surface of the food residue. Thus, the surface moisture of the food residue is reduced, and the food residue that causes odor generation is coated with the additive, thereby suppressing odor generation in the subsequent steps. In addition, by compacting the mixture of food residues and additives by molding into pellets and reducing the surface area per weight, it is possible to prevent adhesion and adhesion to the equipment surface, and to suppress odor generation from the surface, In addition, handling such as transportation becomes easy. Also, in the drying / mixing process, the molded product is processed, so there is no sticking / adhering, the drying / mixing operation can be carried out smoothly and efficiently, the moisture content is low, the quality is maintained, and the molded feed is easy to transport. You can get a product.

また、請求項２に係る食品残渣の処理方法は、前記予備処理工程が、食品残渣に対して重量比１０〜１５０％の混合比率でもって添加物を８０〜１５０℃に達するように焙煎した後、食品残渣に添加して予備乾燥、破砕、混合を行う工程であることを特徴とするものである。 Further, in the food residue treatment method according to claim 2, in the pretreatment step, the additive is roasted so as to reach 80 to 150 ° C. with a mixing ratio of 10 to 150% by weight with respect to the food residue. Then, it is a process of adding to a food residue and performing preliminary drying, crushing, and mixing.

この方法により、食品残渣の含有水分、特に表面水分が、焙煎した添加物と均一に混じり合うことによる一部蒸発及び吸着されて減少し、しかも、これにより添加物によって食品残渣の表面が被覆されることで処理装置に対する食品残渣の固着、閉塞を防止できる。同時に食品残渣からの臭気の発生を抑制できる。また、この混合物の水分、粒度、粘性等の性状が成型工程に適したものに予備処理することが可能となる。 By this method, the moisture content of the food residue, especially the surface moisture, is reduced by partial evaporation and adsorption due to uniform mixing with the roasted additive, and the surface of the food residue is thereby covered by the additive. As a result, it is possible to prevent the food residue from sticking to and blocking the processing apparatus. At the same time, the generation of odor from food residues can be suppressed. Moreover, it becomes possible to pre-process the mixture with properties such as moisture, particle size and viscosity suitable for the molding process.

また、請求項３に係る食品残渣の処理方法は、前記成型工程が、前記予備処理工程を経た食品残渣と添加物との混合物を押し出し加工又は転造して円筒形又は粒型ペレットに成型を行う工程であることを特徴とするものである。 Further, in the food residue treatment method according to claim 3, in the molding step, the mixture of the food residue and the additive subjected to the preliminary treatment step is extruded or rolled into a cylindrical or granulated pellet. It is a process to be performed.

この方法により、最終製品である飼料の使用に適した粒度、例えば３〜１０ｍｍの大きさ、及び形状を任意に、容易、かつ、安定して成型することができる。また、次工程での乾燥・混和工程で、運搬も含め乾燥、混和等における処理し易い形状であり、しかも、それらの機器表面への粘着、付着を防止することができる。また、成型品であるから腐敗も抑制される。 By this method, the particle size suitable for use of the feed as the final product, for example, the size and shape of 3 to 10 mm can be arbitrarily and easily and stably molded. Further, in the drying / mixing step in the next step, the shape is easy to process in drying, mixing, etc. including transportation, and adhesion and adhesion to the equipment surface can be prevented. Moreover, since it is a molded article, corruption is also suppressed.

また、請求項４に係る食品残渣の処理方法は、前記添加物が、ぬか、大豆粕、ふすま等の植物性飼料添加物であることを特徴とするものである。これらの植物性飼料添加物は粉状であり、又は粉状にすることで、８０〜１５０℃の温度に達する焙煎が可能で、かつ、食品残渣に確実に付着して水分を吸着し、これにより粘着・付着の防止が行える材料であり、しかも、焙煎しても品質的に飼料に十分適した飼料添加物である。 The food residue treatment method according to claim 4 is characterized in that the additive is a vegetable feed additive such as bran, soybean meal, or bran. These vegetable feed additives are in powder form, or can be roasted to reach a temperature of 80 to 150 ° C. by making it into powder form, and adhere to food residues and adsorb moisture, This is a material that can prevent adhesion and adhesion, and is a feed additive that is adequately suitable for feed even in roasting.

また、請求項５に係る食品残渣の処理方法は、前記乾燥混和工程が、円筒形ペレットの成型品を少なくとも三段以上の多段階で熱風と向流接触させることにより乾燥および混和を行う工程であることを特徴とするものである。 The food residue treatment method according to claim 5 is a process in which the drying and mixing step is a step of drying and mixing by bringing a cylindrical pellet molded product into countercurrent contact with hot air in at least three stages or more. It is characterized by being.

この方法により、成型ペレットを少なくとも三段階以上の多段階で、熱風と順次分散した状態で向流接触させることで熱効率の良い乾燥が図られ、かつ、混和することにより製品の均質化も図られる。この結果、飼料ペレットの腐敗防止、破壊防止を含めた輸送の観点から水分５〜１５％前後を目標にして、塊状に団塊すること無く、均一に乾燥したバラ製品を得ることができる。 By this method, heat pellets can be dried with good thermal efficiency by contacting the formed pellets in multiple stages of at least three stages in a counter-current contact with hot air in a sequentially dispersed state, and the product can be homogenized by mixing. . As a result, it is possible to obtain a uniformly dried rose product without agglomeration with a target of about 5 to 15% moisture from the viewpoint of transportation including prevention of corruption and destruction of feed pellets.

また、請求項６に係る食品残渣の処理装置は、食品残渣を貯蔵する食品残渣槽と、食品残渣を定量切り出せる定量供給機と、前記切り出された食品残渣に対し設定重量比率で以って添加物を供給する定量供給機と、前記切り出された添加物を焙煎する焙煎機と、該焙煎機から排出された添加物と前記定量供給機から供給された食品残渣とを破砕し、かつ、混合する破砕・混合機と、該破砕・混合機からの成品を円筒ペレット形状に成型する加圧押出式成型機と、前記成型された円筒形ペレットを熱風により乾燥すると共に混和する乾燥・混和器と、該乾燥・混和器から排出された円筒形ペレットからなる製品を空冷する冷却器と、冷却器からの製品を包装、梱包する包装機とから構成されることを特徴とする。 Moreover, the food residue processing apparatus according to claim 6 comprises a food residue tank for storing food residues, a quantitative feeder for quantitatively cutting food residues, and a set weight ratio with respect to the cut food residues. Crushing a quantitative feeder for supplying an additive, a roasting machine for roasting the cut additive, an additive discharged from the roaster and a food residue supplied from the quantitative feeder In addition, a crushing / mixing machine to be mixed, a pressure extrusion molding machine for molding a product from the crushing / mixing machine into a cylindrical pellet shape, and drying by mixing the molded cylindrical pellet with hot air and mixing it A blender, a cooler that air-cools a product made of cylindrical pellets discharged from the dry / mixer, and a packaging machine that packages and packs the product from the cooler.

また、請求項７に係る食品残渣の処理装置は、前記乾燥・混和器が、器内上部から多段状に、処理する食品残渣の安息角以上の角度の傘状の勾配面を有し、かつ、該勾配面が熱風通過スリットを有するペレット分散板と、該ペレット分散板の下方にペレット分散板と逆勾配で、かつ、該勾配面が熱風通過スリットを有し、かつ、中央にペレット排出口を有するペレット反転板との組合せを少なくとも一段以上設置されると共に、最下段に傘状の勾配面を有し、かつ、該勾配面が熱風通過スリットを有する熱風分散板とが設置され、また、器上部にはペレット投入孔と排ガス出口管とが、器下部にはペレット排出孔と熱風入口管とが接続設置された構成を有することを特徴とするものである。この構成により、成型ペレットを均一に分散して熱風と向流接触させて均一乾燥することを多段階に亘って実施できるので、熱効率が良く、かつ、均一な品質の乾燥飼料ペレットを得ることができる。 The food residue treatment apparatus according to claim 7 is characterized in that the drying / mixing device has an umbrella-shaped slope surface having an angle greater than an angle of repose of the food residue to be treated in a multistage shape from the upper part of the vessel, and A pellet dispersion plate having a hot air passage slit on the gradient surface, and a gradient opposite to the pellet dispersion plate below the pellet dispersion plate, the gradient surface having a hot air passage slit, and a pellet discharge port in the center. At least one or more combinations with the pellet reversal plate having, and a hot air dispersion plate having an umbrella-shaped gradient surface at the bottom and the gradient surface having a hot air passage slit, and The upper part of the vessel has a structure in which a pellet inlet hole and an exhaust gas outlet pipe are connected, and the lower part of the vessel is connected to a pellet discharge hole and a hot air inlet pipe. With this configuration, it is possible to carry out the multistage drying of the molded pellets uniformly dispersed and brought into countercurrent contact with hot air, so that it is possible to obtain dry feed pellets with good thermal efficiency and uniform quality. it can.

また、請求項８に係る食品残渣の処理装置は、前記乾燥混和器が、循環ブロア又は／及び排ガスブロアと、熱風発生加熱器と、脱臭器と、各連結ダクトとからなる排ガス循環加熱装置を有することを特徴とするものである。この構成により、乾燥の熱効率が上昇できて、かつ、装置からの臭気を若干含んだ排気量も適切に減少できる。
また、請求項９に係る食品残渣の処理装置は、前記破砕・混合機の排気を、前記乾燥・混和器から前記脱臭器に到る排気ダクトに接続したことを特徴とする。
また、請求項１０に係る食品残渣の処理装置は、前記食品残渣定量供給機から破砕・混合機に到る間に該食品残渣の水分を減少する調湿機を設置することを特徴とするものである。この構成により過剰水分（８０重量％）を有する食品残渣の水分を減じて、容易に運搬でき、破砕・混合機においても順調に処理できることになる。 The food residue treatment apparatus according to claim 8 is characterized in that the dry blender comprises an exhaust gas circulation heating device comprising a circulation blower or / and an exhaust gas blower, a hot air generating heater, a deodorizer, and each connecting duct. It is characterized by having. With this configuration, the thermal efficiency of drying can be increased, and the amount of exhaust gas containing a little odor from the apparatus can be appropriately reduced.
Further, the food residue treatment apparatus according to claim 9 is characterized in that the exhaust of the crushing / mixing machine is connected to an exhaust duct from the drying / mixing unit to the deodorizing unit.
The food residue treatment apparatus according to claim 10 is characterized in that a humidity controller is provided to reduce the moisture content of the food residue from the food residue quantitative supply device to the crushing / mixing device. It is. With this configuration, the moisture of the food residue having excess moisture (80% by weight) is reduced and can be easily transported, and can be smoothly processed even in a crushing / mixing machine.

本発明に係る食品残渣の処理方法（請求項１〜５）によれば、焙煎した植物性飼料添加物の混合による食品残渣の予備処理により、食品残渣の粘着・付着成長による装置内での詰りや、それに伴う伝熱阻害、また混合物の腐敗等による異臭発生などを防止することで所定の効果が発揮できた。また、ペレット状に成型することで乾燥、混和の工程においても粘着・付着及び異臭発生を防止して順調に操業が実施できるとともに、良好な品質（粉化し難い、腐敗し難い等）のペレット状飼料が製造できる。また、食品残渣の処理装置（請求項６〜１０）によれば、前述の食品残渣に植物性飼料添加物を破砕・混合し、次いで成型し、次いで乾燥・混和して飼料ペレット製品を製造するに当たって、設備、装置が単純で、複雑で無く、設備コストの安い、また、環境にも配慮した、省エネルギタイプの設備を提供することができる。 According to the food residue treatment method according to the present invention (Claims 1 to 5), the pretreatment of the food residue by mixing the roasted vegetable feed additive enables the food residue to be adhered and adhered in the apparatus due to adhesion growth. By preventing clogging, the accompanying heat transfer inhibition, and the generation of a strange odor due to the decay of the mixture, a predetermined effect could be exhibited. In addition, by molding into pellets, it can be smoothly operated by preventing sticking / adhesion and off-flavor generation in the drying and blending processes, and also in pellets of good quality (difficult to pulverize and not easily rot). Feed can be produced. Moreover, according to the food residue processing apparatus (Claims 6 to 10), the vegetable feed additive is crushed and mixed with the aforementioned food residue, then molded, then dried and mixed to produce a feed pellet product. In this case, it is possible to provide an energy-saving type facility that is simple and not complicated, has low equipment costs, and is environmentally friendly.

以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図１は、本発明に係る食品残渣の処理装置のフロー図である。図２は、本発明に係る乾燥混和器の模式斜視断面図である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a food residue processing apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective sectional view of a dry blender according to the present invention.

図１のフロシートに基いて、主として処理装置を説明すると、１は集荷された食品残渣であり、これが装入されて貯留する食品残渣槽がある。２は粗大な固形物や鉄片、ガラス片等を除去する粗目篩を有する粗選別機で、必要に応じて設置又は使用が選択される。３は食品残渣の過剰水分を減ずる調湿機で、電熱、蒸気、燃焼ガスのいずれかを熱源として直接又は間接加熱方式の回転ドラム型の乾燥機が選択される。９はぬか、大豆粕、ふすま等の植物性飼料添加物の貯槽であって下部から所定の方法により定量切り出しを行い、焙煎機１０に装入されて焙煎する。焙煎機１０は、植物性飼料添加物９を電熱又は燃焼ガスを熱源とした間接加熱方式の温度２００℃まで昇温可能な回転ドラム型焙煎機を用いる。４は破砕・混合機で、二軸パドル式の箱型ミキサが用いられ、パドル軸には前段のパドル群にはパドルの先端部に破砕刃が付設され、後段のパドル群にはパドルの先端部に混合攪拌羽根が付設されている。また、食品残渣１の性状により破砕刃と混合攪拌羽根の配置は混ぜてもよいし、前段に混合攪拌羽根、後段に破砕刃を付設してもよい。これらの破砕刃と混合攪拌羽根は脱着可能にパドルに取り付けられているので、その配置は食品残渣と植物性飼料添加物との破砕・混合状態を見て自由自在に変更できるようするのがよい。食品残渣槽の下部から所定の方法の定量切り出しにより切り出された食品残渣１は粗選別機２、調湿機３を経由してベルトコンベア又はスクリューコンベアにより破砕・混合機４の供給端に装入され、一方焙煎された植物性飼料添加物９は温度が高いので、破砕・混合機４の供給端から進行方向にある程度幅広く装入されることが食品残渣１に焙煎添加物９を十分付着させるために望ましいので排出口が幅広く取れるスクリューコンベア等が設置される。ミキサ内では水蒸気及び臭気が発生するので上部に密閉フードを設け、脱臭器１７に繋がる環境悪臭ガス管２１に接続されて吸引可能とする。また、この吸引は食品残渣１の水分蒸発において効果のあるものである。 The processing apparatus will be mainly described based on the flow sheet of FIG. 1. Reference numeral 1 denotes a collected food residue, and there is a food residue tank in which this is loaded and stored. 2 is a coarse sorter having a coarse sieve for removing coarse solids, iron pieces, glass pieces, etc., and installation or use is selected as necessary. Reference numeral 3 denotes a humidity controller that reduces excess moisture in the food residue, and a direct or indirect heating type rotary drum type dryer is selected by using any one of electric heat, steam, and combustion gas as a heat source. 9 is a storage tank for plant feed additives such as rice bran, soybean meal, bran, etc., which is quantitatively cut out from the lower part by a predetermined method, inserted into the roasting machine 10 and roasted. The roasting machine 10 uses a rotating drum type roasting machine capable of raising the temperature up to 200 ° C. of an indirect heating method using the vegetable feed additive 9 as electric heat or combustion gas as a heat source. Reference numeral 4 denotes a crushing / mixing machine, which uses a twin-screw paddle type box mixer. The paddle shaft has a crushing blade attached to the front paddle group, and the rear paddle group has a paddle tip. A mixing stirring blade is attached to the part. Moreover, the arrangement | positioning of a crushing blade and a mixing stirring blade may be mixed by the property of the food residue 1, and a mixing stirring blade may be attached to the front | former stage and a crushing blade may be attached to a back | latter stage. Since these crushing blades and mixing agitating blades are detachably attached to the paddle, the arrangement of the crushing blades and mixing agitating blades should be freely changeable by observing the crushing / mixing state of food residues and plant feed additives. . The food residue 1 cut out from the lower part of the food residue tank by the predetermined amount of cutout is loaded into the supply end of the crushing / mixing machine 4 via the coarse sorter 2 and the humidity controller 3 by the belt conveyor or screw conveyor. On the other hand, since the roasted vegetable feed additive 9 has a high temperature, the roasting additive 9 can be sufficiently added to the food residue 1 to be charged to a certain extent from the supply end of the crushing / mixing machine 4 in the traveling direction. Since it is desirable for attachment, a screw conveyor or the like that can take a wide discharge port is installed. Since water vapor and odor are generated in the mixer, an airtight hood is provided at the top, and is connected to an environmental malodorous gas pipe 21 connected to the deodorizer 17 so as to be sucked. This suction is effective in evaporating the moisture of the food residue 1.

５は少なくとも１台以上の成型機であり、予備処理された、即ち食品残渣と植物性飼料添加物とを破砕・混合した成型原料１１を、二軸又は一軸スクリューの混練用ニーダを備えた成型用押出し機５により５〜１０ｍｍ径の範囲から選択された孔径を多数設けたダイスを通して押出し、次いでダイスの後に設置されているカッチング装置で、５〜１０ｍｍの範囲の長さにカッチングして成型ペレット１２に加工できる。成型機５を出た成型ペレット１２はベルトコンベアにより乾燥・混和機６の上部から装入される。乾燥・混和機６，３０は、図２に模式的斜視断面図に示すように、円筒形であり、上部からペレットを装入するペレット装入孔３１が、下方の円錐コーンの中央部から乾燥・混和処理済みのペレットを排出するペレット排出孔３２が設けられている。乾燥・混和機３０の内部は、少なくとも三段の傘状及び逆傘状を呈し、かつ、熱風通過スリット４０を有する円錐板が内設される。熱風通過スリット４０の形状は円形、長円形、長方形のいずれでも良い。上段に傘状円錐板を形成するペレット分散板３５が、中段に逆傘状円錐板で中央に開口を有するペレット反転板３６が、下段に傘状円錐板を形成する熱風分散板３７が段階的に設置される。乾燥・混和機３０に熱風を導入する熱風管３３の出口開口が熱風分散板３７の下方に設けられ、また、乾燥済みの排ガス管３４の入口開口がペレット分散板３５の上方側部に設けられている。この場合、ペレット分散板３５とペレット反転板３６との組合せを対にして増加させると成型ペレット１２の乾燥・混和のための滞留時間を増加させることができる。 Reference numeral 5 denotes at least one molding machine, which is a molding material 11 that is pre-processed, that is, a molding raw material 11 that is obtained by crushing and mixing a food residue and a vegetable feed additive, and a kneader for kneading a twin screw or a single screw. Extruded through a die provided with a large number of hole diameters selected from the range of 5 to 10 mm by the extruder 5, and then cut into a length in the range of 5 to 10 mm with a cutting device installed after the die. 12 can be processed. Molded pellets 12 exiting the molding machine 5 are charged from the top of the drying / mixing machine 6 by a belt conveyor. As shown in the schematic perspective sectional view of FIG. 2, the drying / mixing machines 6 and 30 have a cylindrical shape, and the pellet charging hole 31 for charging the pellets from above is dried from the center of the lower cone cone. A pellet discharge hole 32 for discharging the mixed pellets is provided. The inside of the drying / mixing machine 30 is provided with a conical plate having at least a three-stage umbrella shape and a reverse umbrella shape and having a hot air passage slit 40. The shape of the hot air passage slit 40 may be circular, oval, or rectangular. A pellet dispersion plate 35 that forms an umbrella-shaped conical plate in the upper stage, a pellet reversing plate 36 that has an opening in the center with an inverted umbrella-shaped conical plate in the middle stage, and a hot air dispersion plate 37 that forms an umbrella-shaped cone plate in the lower stage are stepped. Installed. An outlet opening of the hot air pipe 33 for introducing hot air into the drying / mixing machine 30 is provided below the hot air dispersion plate 37, and an inlet opening of the dried exhaust gas pipe 34 is provided on the upper side of the pellet dispersion plate 35. ing. In this case, if the combination of the pellet dispersion plate 35 and the pellet reversal plate 36 is increased as a pair, the residence time for drying and mixing the molded pellets 12 can be increased.

乾燥・混和器３０内に吹き込まれる熱風は、乾燥・混和器３０からの排ガスの大気に放出しない残部を循環ガスとして、これに燃料と燃焼用空気とを燃焼、混合して昇温する所定方法の熱風発生加熱器１６で作られる。乾燥・混和器３０には熱風管１８と排ガス管１９とが接続され、排ガス管１９には、破砕・混合機４等からの臭気ガスを吸引する環境悪臭ガス管２１が合流し、最終的に脱臭器１７に繋がる。脱臭器１７には所定方法の排ガス燃焼方式の脱臭器を採用すると良い。脱臭器１７からの処理済み排ガスは一部を大気中に必要に応じて排気ブロア（図示せず）を用いて又は自然ドラフトにより排気２２として排出し、残部の循環ガスは、循環ブロア１５により循環ガス管２０を介して熱風発生加熱器１６に送られ、さらに、熱風発生加熱器１６の熱風出口には熱風管１８が接続し、これを介して出口側には乾燥・混和器３０が繋がっている。 The hot air blown into the drying / mixing device 30 is a predetermined method in which the remainder of the exhaust gas from the drying / mixing device 30 that is not released to the atmosphere is used as a circulating gas, and fuel and combustion air are combusted and mixed with this to raise the temperature. The hot air generating heater 16 is used. A hot air pipe 18 and an exhaust gas pipe 19 are connected to the drying / mixer 30, and an environmental malodorous gas pipe 21 for sucking odor gas from the crushing / mixing machine 4 or the like joins the exhaust gas pipe 19, and finally. Connected to deodorizer 17. The deodorizer 17 may be an exhaust gas combustion type deodorizer of a predetermined method. A part of the treated exhaust gas from the deodorizer 17 is discharged into the atmosphere as an exhaust 22 by using an exhaust blower (not shown) or by natural draft as necessary, and the remaining circulating gas is circulated by the circulation blower 15. The hot air generating heater 16 is sent to the hot air generating heater 16 via the gas pipe 20, and the hot air outlet 18 of the hot air generating heater 16 is connected to the hot air outlet 18. Yes.

乾燥・混和器３０のペレット排出穴３２にスクリューコンベア又はシュートが接続され、送り先として大気によりペレットを冷却する所定方法の冷却器７へと繋がる。冷却器７からベルトコンベア等を介して包装機８が接続され、飼料ペレット製品が包装されて出荷される。この場合、包装機８の前に製品貯槽（図示しない）を設けることは任意である。 A screw conveyor or a chute is connected to the pellet discharge hole 32 of the drying / mixing device 30 and is connected to a cooler 7 of a predetermined method for cooling the pellet by the atmosphere as a destination. A packaging machine 8 is connected from the cooler 7 via a belt conveyor or the like, and feed pellet products are packaged and shipped. In this case, providing a product storage tank (not shown) in front of the packaging machine 8 is optional.

図１のフロシートに基づいて食品残渣１の処理について説明すると、集荷された食品残渣１は粗選別機２によって夾雑物を除いた後、水分が多い（水分８０％以上）場合、必要に応じて調湿機３で一般に過剰の水分を除き、破砕混合機４へ送られる。一方、食品残渣に対して重量比１０〜１５０％の範囲の混合比率で切出された植物性飼料添加物９は、焙煎機１１に送られ、焙煎機１１内で電熱又は燃焼ガスから成る熱源に間接的に接触して、かつ、混合攪拌されることにより均一に昇温して焙煎される。焙煎のための滞留時間は１〜３０分の範囲であって、通常１０分程度になるよう加熱条件を設定する。植物性飼料添加物９は最終的に飼料となり、かつ、食品残渣１の表面に付着し易く、焙煎しても性状を損なわず、焦げも発生しないものが適宜選択され、これらにはぬか、粉状の大豆粕、ふすまのいずれか又はその混合物が該当する。前記の性状と性質を有する植物性添加物であれば、この添加物として採用可能である。 The processing of the food residue 1 will be described based on the flow sheet of FIG. 1. The collected food residue 1 is free from impurities after being removed by the coarse sorter 2, and if necessary, if the water content is high (water content of 80% or more). In general, excess moisture is removed by the humidity controller 3, which is then sent to the crushing mixer 4. On the other hand, the vegetable feed additive 9 cut out at a mixing ratio in the range of 10 to 150% by weight with respect to the food residue is sent to the roasting machine 11, and from electric heat or combustion gas in the roasting machine 11. Indirect contact with the heat source and the mixture is stirred and mixed to raise the temperature uniformly and roast. The residence time for roasting is in the range of 1 to 30 minutes, and the heating conditions are usually set to about 10 minutes. The vegetable feed additive 9 is finally selected as a feed, and is easily selected to adhere to the surface of the food residue 1 and does not lose its properties even when roasted and does not cause burns. Either powdery soybean meal, bran or a mixture thereof is applicable. Any plant additive having the above properties and properties can be used as this additive.

破砕・混合機４では、装入された食品残渣１がパドル軸に付設された破砕刃群により繰り返し切断・破砕を受け細片となる。一方、焙煎された温度８０〜１５０℃を有する植物性飼料添加物９は、破砕・混合機４の前部分、すなわち食品残渣１が繰り返し切断・破砕を受ける場所に進行方向に幅広く装入される。次いで食品残渣１と植物性飼料添加物９との混合物は後方のパドルに付設された混合攪拌羽根により十分混合攪拌される。これにより温度の高い粉状の植物性飼料添加物９が、細断された食品残渣１の表面に満遍なく一様に付着することによって食品残渣１の表面水分を一部蒸発させた上で水分を吸着するので、食品残渣と植物性飼料添加物との混合物である予備処理原料１１の粘着・付着性が失われ、後工程において機器壁面への混合物の粘着、付着が僅少になる。また、成型工程で成型し易い性状（水分、粘結性、サイズ等）に予備処理される。さらに、悪臭の発生源となる食品残渣１が表面を植物性飼料添加物９で被覆されるから、直接悪臭が外気に放出されるのを抑制し、次の成型と相俟って外部の環境（外部の細菌、温度等）の影響を受けるのが少ないから、腐敗し難くなり悪臭の発生も防止できる。 In the crushing / mixing machine 4, the charged food residue 1 is repeatedly cut and crushed into pieces by a crushing blade group attached to the paddle shaft. On the other hand, the roasted vegetable feed additive 9 having a temperature of 80 to 150 ° C. is widely charged in the traveling direction in the front part of the crushing / mixing machine 4, that is, the place where the food residue 1 is repeatedly cut and crushed. The Next, the mixture of the food residue 1 and the vegetable feed additive 9 is sufficiently mixed and stirred by a mixing stirring blade attached to the rear paddle. As a result, the powdery vegetable feed additive 9 having a high temperature adheres evenly and uniformly to the surface of the shredded food residue 1 to partially evaporate the surface moisture of the food residue 1 and then the moisture. Since it adsorbs, the adhesion / adhesion of the pretreatment raw material 11 which is a mixture of the food residue and the plant feed additive is lost, and the adhesion and adhesion of the mixture to the apparatus wall surface become small in the subsequent process. Further, it is preliminarily processed into properties (moisture, caking property, size, etc.) that are easy to mold in the molding process. Furthermore, since the food residue 1 that is a source of malodor is coated with the plant feed additive 9 on the surface, it prevents direct malodor from being released to the outside air, and in combination with the next molding, the external environment Since it is less affected by (external bacteria, temperature, etc.), it is difficult to rot and the generation of malodor can be prevented.

破砕・混合機４からの予備処理された混合物１１は成型機５の装入ホッパにベルトコンベアで送られる。装入ホッパから定量切出された混合原料１１は成型機内のニーダにより混練されながら圧密され、成型サイズの孔の開いたダイスから押出し成型される。成型ペレット１２は通常、径が５〜１０ｍｍ、長さが５〜１０ｍｍの範囲であって、最終飼料製品のサイズから乾燥・混和器６での乾燥目減りを見込んで成型ペレット１２のサイズが設定される。この方式では成型ペレット１２のサイズが大きいほど成型は容易であるが、乾燥・混和器６，３０では乾燥及び混和がし難い。 The pre-processed mixture 11 from the crushing / mixing machine 4 is sent to a charging hopper of the molding machine 5 by a belt conveyor. The mixed raw material 11 quantitatively cut out from the charging hopper is compacted while being kneaded by a kneader in the molding machine, and extruded from a die having a hole of a molding size. The molded pellets 12 are usually in the range of 5 to 10 mm in diameter and 5 to 10 mm in length, and the size of the molded pellets 12 is set in consideration of the reduction of dryness in the drying / mixer 6 from the size of the final feed product. The In this method, the larger the size of the molded pellet 12, the easier the molding, but the drying / mixing devices 6, 30 are difficult to dry and mix.

成型ペレット１２はベルトコンベアにより乾燥・混和器３０の上部ペレット装入孔３１を経由して装入される。装入された成型ペレット１２はペレット分散板３５の中央上部に装入され、処理する食品残渣の安息角以上の角度の傘状円錐板上を重力により３６０°の全方向に拡がりながら滑落し、次いで二段目の逆傘状円錐板の端部に乗り移り、同じく重力により滑落しながらペレット反転板３６の中央に寄せ集められ、次いで傘状の熱風分散板３７の円錐板上を３６０°の全方向に拡がりながら滑落し、最終的に乾燥・混和器３０の円錐コーンの中央に集まりペレット排出孔３２より排出される。成型ペレット１２は各段の円錐板上を滑落するときに、円錐板に設けられた熱風通過スリットを吹き上がる乾燥用熱風と滑落しながら向流接触し均一に乾燥される。また、成型ペレットは多少浮遊状態で滑落するから円錐板との付着も起こり難い。また、成型ペレット１２は三段階に亘り分配、反転、分散を経るから混和が十分図られる。通常、この滞留時間は１５分程度である。乾燥混和器３０で、取り扱い性にも着目した水分（湿度）に乾燥し、かつ、混和した製品ペレット１４は、所定方法の冷却器７を経て包装機８で包装して、製品１４となる。 The molded pellets 12 are charged via the upper pellet charging hole 31 of the drying / mixing device 30 by the belt conveyor. The charged molded pellets 12 are inserted into the center upper part of the pellet dispersion plate 35 and slide down while spreading in all directions of 360 ° by gravity on the umbrella-shaped conical plate having an angle greater than the repose angle of the food residue to be processed. Next, it is transferred to the end of the second-stage inverted umbrella-shaped conical plate, gathered to the center of the pellet reversing plate 36 while also sliding down due to gravity, and then the entire 360 ° of the umbrella-shaped hot air dispersing plate 37 on the conical plate. It slides down while spreading in the direction, and finally gathers at the center of the conical cone of the drying / mixer 30 and is discharged from the pellet discharge hole 32. When the molded pellets 12 slide down on the conical plates of the respective stages, they are counter-contacted while being slid down with the hot air for drying that blows up the hot air passage slits provided in the conical plates and are uniformly dried. Further, since the molded pellet slides down in a slightly floating state, it does not easily adhere to the conical plate. In addition, since the molded pellet 12 undergoes distribution, inversion, and dispersion in three stages, mixing is sufficiently achieved. Usually, this residence time is about 15 minutes. The product pellets 14 that have been dried and mixed with moisture (humidity) that also pays attention to handleability in the dry blender 30 are packaged by the packaging machine 8 through the cooler 7 of a predetermined method to become the product 14.

本システムでは、食品残渣槽、粗選別機２、調湿機３、破砕・混合機４の各機器から発生する環境臭気ガス及び乾燥・混和器から発生する臭気排ガスを所定方法の排ガス燃焼式の脱臭器１７に導いて脱臭し、一部を排ガスブロアにより強制的に又は自然ドラフトで大気に排気２２として排出する。排気ガスの残部は、循環ブロア１５、熱風発生加熱器１６での昇温を経て乾燥・混和器３０に還流することにより省エネルギが達成できる。 In this system, the environmental odor gas generated from each device of the food residue tank, the coarse sorter 2, the humidity controller 3, and the crushing / mixing device 4 and the odor exhaust gas generated from the drying / mixing device are exhausted by a predetermined method. It leads to the deodorizer 17 for deodorization, and a part thereof is forcibly exhausted by an exhaust gas blower or discharged into the atmosphere as an exhaust 22 by natural draft. The remainder of the exhaust gas is heated by the circulation blower 15 and the hot air generator / heater 16 and then returned to the drying / mixer 30 to save energy.

本発明に係る食品残渣の処理方法に基づき、実験装置により飼料を製造した。食品残渣として「はまち」の粗（あら）を、植物性飼料添加物として、ぬか、大豆粕混合物を用いて、粗（あら）約１０ｋｇ／ｈ、該添加物３ｋｇ／で、粗（あら）に対する添加物の混合比約３０％の処理条件で実験を実施した。 Based on the food residue treatment method according to the present invention, feed was produced by an experimental apparatus. The crude residue of “hama” as a food residue, bran or soybean meal mixture as a vegetable feed additive, about 10 kg / h of the coarse product, and 3 kg / h of the additive, with respect to the crude product The experiment was carried out under processing conditions with an additive mixing ratio of about 30%.

ぬか、大豆粕混合物を円筒回転型焙煎機に挿入し、外部から間接加熱を行い、混合物を１０分加熱して、温度１２０℃で排出し、破砕刃及び攪拌羽根付の破砕・混合機において魚の粗（あら）と破砕、混合して成型用予備処理材料を得た。ついで、該材料を混錬付加圧押し出し式の成型機により径５ｍｍ、長さ５〜８ｍｍ、水分５０％の円筒型ペレットを成型した。該成型ペレットを内径３００ｍｍ、高さ１．２ｍの円筒で、内部がペレット分散板、反転板、熱風分散板の三段から成る乾燥・混和器に装入し、９０℃の熱風で、器内滞留時間１５分で乾燥・混和を実施した後、外気で空冷し冷却した。得られた製品ペレットの含有水分は約１５％であった。 The bran or soybean meal mixture is inserted into a cylindrical rotary roaster, indirectly heated from the outside, heated for 10 minutes, discharged at a temperature of 120 ° C., in a crushing / mixing machine equipped with a crushing blade and stirring blades Preliminary processing material for molding was obtained by crushing and mixing with rough fish. Next, the material was molded into a cylindrical pellet having a diameter of 5 mm, a length of 5 to 8 mm, and a moisture of 50% by a kneading applied pressure extrusion molding machine. The molded pellet is a cylinder with an inner diameter of 300 mm and a height of 1.2 m, and the inside is charged into a drying / mixer consisting of a pellet dispersion plate, a reversal plate, and a hot air dispersion plate. After drying / mixing with a residence time of 15 minutes, it was cooled with air and cooled with the outside air. The moisture content of the obtained product pellets was about 15%.

前記の破砕・混合機出口と乾燥・混和器出口の排ガスを７００℃、滞留時間約１秒の再燃焼脱臭方式の脱臭器で脱臭した。また、植物性飼料添加物の有無の場合における破砕・混合機の排気の臭気を分析したところ、添加物無しの従来法では臭気単位２１８００であるのに対し、本発明の添加物有りの試験では臭気単位８３００と減少した。これから本発明に係る添加物有りの場合の脱臭率は６２％と認められた。なお、臭気単位の分析は悪臭防止法（平成７年環境庁告示第６３号）の「臭気強度」を嗅覚により求める方法によった。 The exhaust gas from the crushing / mixer outlet and the drying / mixer outlet was deodorized with a re-combustion deodorizer of 700 ° C. and a residence time of about 1 second. Further, when the odor of the crushing / mixing machine exhaust in the presence or absence of the plant feed additive was analyzed, the odor unit was 21800 in the conventional method without the additive, but in the test with the additive of the present invention. The odor unit decreased to 8300. From this, it was recognized that the deodorization rate with the additive according to the present invention was 62%. The analysis of odor units was based on the method of obtaining the “odor intensity” of the Odor Control Law (Environmental Agency Notification No. 63 of 1995) by smell.

本実施例によれば、食品残渣の粘着・付着成長による装置内壁面の付着が無く、かつ、取り扱い容易な飼料ペレットが製造できたことで本発明の所期の目的達成を確認した。また、得られた飼料ペレットの貯蔵においても固着成長も腐敗も見られなかった。また。乾燥混和器内壁面への食品残渣混合物の粘着は見られず、順調に稼動することができた。また、食品残渣の処理装置から発生する雰囲気の悪臭は軽微であった。 According to the present example, it was confirmed that the intended purpose of the present invention was achieved by the production of feed pellets that were easy to handle and did not adhere to the inner wall surface of the apparatus due to adhesion and adhesion growth of food residues. Further, neither fixed growth nor rot was observed in the storage of the obtained feed pellets. Also. The food residue mixture did not stick to the inner wall of the dry blender and was able to operate smoothly. Moreover, the bad odor of the atmosphere generated from the food residue treatment apparatus was slight.

食品残渣を廃棄することなく、飼料としてのリサイクル活用に利用できる。 It can be used for recycling as feed without discarding food residues.

本発明に係る食品残渣処理装置のフローシート。The flow sheet of the food residue processing apparatus which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る乾燥・混和器の模式斜視断面図。1 is a schematic perspective sectional view of a drying / mixing device according to the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１：食品残渣２：粗選別機３：調湿機４：破砕・混合機
５：成型機６：乾燥・混和器７：冷却器８：包装機
９：添加物１０：焙煎機１１：予備処理原料１２：成型ペレット
１３：成品１４：製品１５：循環ブロア１６：熱風発生加熱器
１７：脱臭器１８：熱風管１９：排ガス管２０：循環ガス管
２１：環境悪臭ガス管２２：排気
３０：乾燥・混和器３１：ペレット装入孔３２：ペレット排出孔３３：熱風管
３４：排ガス管３５：ペレット分散板３６：ペレット反転板
３７加熱ガス分散板３８：ペレット流れ３９：ガス流れ４０：熱風通過スリット 1: Food residue 2: Coarse sorter 3: Humidity adjuster 4: Crushing / mixing machine 5: Molding machine 6: Drying / mixing machine 7: Cooler 8: Packaging machine 9: Additive 10: Roasting machine 11: Preliminary Treatment raw material 12: Molded pellet 13: Product 14: Product 15: Circulating blower 16: Hot air generating heater 17: Deodorizer 18: Hot air pipe 19: Exhaust gas pipe 20: Circulating gas pipe 21: Environmental odor gas pipe 22: Exhaust
30: Dryer / mixer 31: Pellet charging hole 32: Pellet discharge hole 33: Hot air pipe 34: Exhaust gas pipe 35: Pellet dispersion plate 36: Pellet inversion plate
37 Heating gas dispersion plate 38: Pellet flow 39: Gas flow 40: Hot air passage slit

Claims

食品残渣を回収する工程と、添加物の焙煎工程を有し、該焙煎添加物を加えて予備乾燥、破砕、混合する予備処理工程と、飼料用製品形状に成型する成型工程と、前記成型品を乾燥かつ混和する乾燥混和工程と、乾燥成型品を冷却し、次いで包装する冷却製品工程とから成ることを特徴とする食品残渣の処理方法。 A step of recovering food residues, a roasting step of additives, a pretreatment step of adding the roasting additive, predrying, crushing, and mixing; a molding step of molding into a feed product shape; A method for treating a food residue, comprising: a dry blending step of drying and blending a molded product; and a cooling product step of cooling and then packaging the dried molded product.

前記予備処理工程が、食品残渣に対して重量比１０〜１５０％の混合比率でもって添加物を８０〜１５０℃に成るように焙煎した後、食品残渣に添加して予備乾燥、破砕、混合を行う工程であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の食品残渣の処理方法。 In the pretreatment step, the additive is roasted to a temperature of 80 to 150 ° C. at a mixing ratio of 10 to 150% by weight with respect to the food residue, and then added to the food residue and predried, crushed and mixed. The method for treating a food residue according to claim 1, wherein the food residue is treated.

前記成型工程が、前記予備処理工程を経た食品残渣と添加物との混合物を押し出し加工又は転造して円筒形又は粒型ペレットに成型を行う工程であることを特徴とする請求項１または２記載の食品残渣の処理方法。 3. The molding step according to claim 1, wherein the molding step is a step of extruding or rolling a mixture of the food residue and additive that has undergone the pretreatment step to form a cylindrical or granulated pellet. The processing method of the food residue of description.

前記添加物が、ぬか、大豆粕、ふすま等の植物性飼料添加物であることを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれかに記載の食品残渣の処理方法。 The method for treating a food residue according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the additive is a plant feed additive such as bran, soybean meal, or bran.

前記乾燥混和工程が、ペレット成型品を少なくとも三段以上の多段階に亘り分散した状態で熱風と向流接触させることにより乾燥および混和を行う工程であることを特徴とする請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載の食品残渣の処理方法。 The drying and mixing step is a step of drying and mixing by bringing the pellet molded product into countercurrent contact with hot air in a state of being dispersed in at least three or more stages. The processing method of the food residue in any one.

食品残渣を貯蔵する食品残渣槽と、食品残渣を定量切り出せる定量供給機と、前記切り出された食品残渣に対し設定重量比率で以って添加物を供給する定量供給機と、前記切り出された添加物を焙煎する焙煎機と、該焙煎機から排出された添加物と前記定量供給機から供給された食品残渣とを破砕し、かつ混合する破砕・混合機と、該破砕・混合機からの成品を円筒ペレット形状に成型する加圧押出式成型機と、前記成型された円筒形ペレットを熱風により乾燥すると共に混和する乾燥・混和器と、該乾燥・混和器から排出された円筒形ペレット製品を空冷する冷却器と、冷却器からの製品を包装、梱包する包装機とから構成されることを特徴とする食品残渣処理装置。 A food residue tank for storing food residues, a quantitative supply device capable of quantitatively cutting out food residues, a quantitative supply device for supplying additives at a set weight ratio to the cut out food residues, and the cut out A roasting machine for roasting additives, a crushing / mixing machine for crushing and mixing the additive discharged from the roasting machine and the food residue supplied from the quantitative feeder, and the crushing / mixing A pressure extrusion molding machine for molding the product from the machine into a cylindrical pellet shape, a drying / mixing machine for drying and mixing the molded cylindrical pellet with hot air, and a cylinder discharged from the drying / mixing machine A food residue treatment apparatus comprising: a cooler for air-cooling a shaped pellet product; and a packaging machine for packaging and packing the product from the cooler.

前記乾燥・混和器が、器内上部から多段状に、処理する食品残渣の安息角以上の角度の傘状の勾配面を有し、かつ、該勾配面が熱風通過スリットを有するペレット分散板と、該ペレット分散板の下方にペレット分散板と逆勾配で、かつ、該勾配面が熱風通過スリットを有し、かつ、中央にペレット排出口を有するペレット反転板との組合せを少なくとも一段以上設置されると共に、最下段に傘状の勾配面を有し、かつ、該勾配面が熱風通過スリットを有する熱風分散板とが設置され、また、器上部にはペレット投入孔と排ガス出口管とが、器下部にはペレット排出孔と熱風入口管とが接続設置された構成を有することを特徴とする請求項６記載の食品残渣処理装置。 The drying / mixing device has a multi-staged pellet-shaped dispersion plate having an umbrella-shaped gradient surface having an angle greater than the repose angle of the food residue to be processed, and the gradient surface having a hot-air passage slit; At least one or more combinations of a pellet reversal plate having a reverse slope with the pellet dispersion plate and having a hot air passage slit at the bottom of the pellet dispersion plate and having a pellet discharge port in the center are installed below the pellet dispersion plate. And a hot air dispersion plate having an umbrella-shaped gradient surface at the bottom and the gradient surface having a hot-air passage slit, and a pellet introduction hole and an exhaust gas outlet pipe at the top of the vessel, 7. The food residue treatment apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a pellet discharge hole and a hot air inlet pipe are connected and installed at the lower part of the vessel.

前記乾燥・混和器が、循環ブロア又は／及び排ガスブロアと、熱風発生加熱器と、脱臭器と、各連結ダクト管とからなる排ガス循環加熱装置を有することを特徴とする請求項６または７記載の食品残渣処理装置。 8. The drying / mixing device has an exhaust gas circulation heating device including a circulation blower or / and an exhaust gas blower, a hot air generating heater, a deodorizer, and each connecting duct pipe. Food residue treatment equipment.

前記破砕・混合機の排気を、前記乾燥・混和器から前記脱臭器に到る排気ガス管に接続したことを特徴とする請求項６乃至８のいずれかに記載の食品残渣処理装置。 The food residue treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein exhaust gas from the crushing / mixing device is connected to an exhaust gas pipe extending from the drying / mixing device to the deodorizer.

前記食品残渣定量供給機から破砕・混合機に到る間に該食品残渣の水分を減少する調湿機を設置することを特徴とする請求項６乃至９のいずれかに記載の食品残渣処理装置。 The food residue processing apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 9, further comprising a humidity controller that reduces moisture of the food residue while the food residue quantitative supply device reaches the crushing and mixing device. .