JP2005121330A - Hot water supply device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve operation efficiency of a hot water supply device with bath reheating, and space heating functions. <P>SOLUTION: The hot water supply device is provided with a first hot water storage tank 10 storing hot water heated by a heating means 1 from an upper part, a second hot water storage tank 11 supplying water from a lower part, a connecting pipe 13 connecting the first hot water storage tank 10 and the second hot water storage tank 11, a circulating pump 14 carrying out circulation supply of water of the second hot water storage tank 11 to the heating means 1, a heat dissipation means 15, a heat exchanger 16 carrying out heat exchange between hot water of the first hot water storage tank 10 and circulation water of the heat dissipation means 15, a stored hot water circulation circuit 17 sending hot water of the first hot water storage tank 10 subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchanger 16 into the second hot water storage tank 11, a first hot water delivery circuit 20 delivering hot water from the upper part of the first hot water storage tank 10 to a terminal means, a second hot water delivery circuit 21 delivering hot water from an upper part of the second hot water storage tank 11 to the terminal means, and a control means 25 for controlling a hot water delivery mode by the first hot water delivery circuit 20 and a hot water delivery mode by the second hot water delivery circuit 21. Residual hot water of an intermediate temperature in the hot water storage tank is reduced after carrying out heat dissipation by the heat dissipation means to improve operation efficiency. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、加熱手段で加熱した温水を貯湯槽に貯え、貯湯槽に貯湯した湯で風呂浴槽水を追焚加熱する、あるいは暖房循環水の加熱に利用する給湯装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a hot water supply apparatus that stores hot water heated by a heating means in a hot water storage tank, heats the bath tub water with the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank, or uses it for heating circulating heating water.

従来、この種の給湯装置は、主として深夜時間帯にヒートポンプで加熱した温水を貯湯槽に貯え、貯湯槽上部に設けた熱交換器に浴槽水あるいは暖房循環水を循環し、風呂追焚きあるいは暖房に利用するようにしている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   Conventionally, this type of hot water supply apparatus mainly stores hot water heated by a heat pump in the midnight hours in a hot water storage tank, circulates bath water or heating circulating water in a heat exchanger provided in the upper part of the hot water storage tank, and reheats or heats the bath (See, for example, Patent Document 1).

図９は、特許文献１に記載された従来の給湯装置を示すものである。図９に示すように、加熱手段１と、加熱手段１で加熱された湯を貯湯する貯湯槽２と、貯湯槽２の中の上部に設けた熱交換器３と、浴槽４の水を熱交換器３に流して風呂保温、追焚きをおこなうように構成されている。
特開２００２−３４９９６４号公報 FIG. 9 shows a conventional hot water supply apparatus described in Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the heating means 1, the hot water tank 2 for storing hot water heated by the heating means 1, the heat exchanger 3 provided in the upper part of the hot water tank 2, and the water in the bathtub 4 are heated. It is configured to flow through the exchanger 3 and keep the bath warm and remedy.
JP 2002-349964 A

しかしながら、前記従来の構成では、例えば、貯湯槽の高温湯を用いて風呂追焚きに利用する場合、貯湯槽の高温湯（６５〜９０℃）と浴槽水と熱交換することによって熱交換器近傍の高温の貯湯水が温度低下し、密度差による下降流が生じる。そのため、熱交換器から下部の高温の貯湯水全体が中間温度（４０〜６０℃）まで低下し、中間温度の湯と浴槽水の温度差が小さくなり、風呂追焚能力が低下する。そして、図１０に示すように、ヒートポンプに流入する水温が高い程、ヒートポンプの加熱能力が低下し、運転効率（ＣＯＰ）が低下する。従って、貯湯槽に高温湯を沸き上げる貯湯運転時、風呂追焚き後の中間温度の残湯水を高温湯に沸き上げる際にヒートポンプの運転効率および加熱能力は著しく低下するという課題を有していた。   However, in the conventional configuration, for example, when using hot water in a hot water tank for bath renewal, the heat exchanger vicinity is obtained by exchanging heat with hot water (65 to 90 ° C.) in the hot water tank and bath water. The hot water stored in the water drops in temperature, and a downward flow occurs due to the density difference. Therefore, the entire hot water storage at the lower part from the heat exchanger is lowered to an intermediate temperature (40 to 60 ° C.), the temperature difference between the hot water and the bath water at the intermediate temperature is reduced, and the bath chasing capacity is lowered. As shown in FIG. 10, the higher the water temperature flowing into the heat pump, the lower the heating capacity of the heat pump and the lower the operating efficiency (COP). Therefore, during hot water storage operation to boil high-temperature hot water in a hot water storage tank, there is a problem that the operating efficiency and heating capacity of the heat pump are remarkably reduced when boiling the remaining hot water at an intermediate temperature after reheating the bath into high-temperature hot water. .

本発明は、前記従来の課題を解決するもので、風呂追焚きあるいは暖房に利用した後の貯湯槽内の中間温度の残湯水を少なくして省エネルギーを実現する給湯装置を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide a hot water supply device that realizes energy saving by reducing the remaining hot water at an intermediate temperature in a hot water tank after being used for bathing or heating. To do.

前記従来の課題を解決するために、本発明の給湯装置は、加熱手段と、加熱手段で加熱した温水を上部から貯湯する第１貯湯槽と、下部から給水する第２貯湯槽と、前記第１貯湯槽と前記第２貯湯槽を接続する連結管と、前記第２貯湯槽の水を加熱手段に循環供給する循環ポンプと、放熱手段と、前記第１貯湯槽の湯と前記放熱手段の循環水とを熱交換する熱交換器と、前記熱交換器で熱交換した前記第１貯湯槽の湯を前記第２貯湯槽に流入するようにした貯湯水循環回路と、前記第1貯湯槽の上部から端末手段に出湯する第１出湯回路と、前記第２貯湯槽の上部から端末手段に出湯する第２出湯回路と、前記第１出湯回路による出湯モードと前記第２出湯回路による出湯モードを制御する制御手段とを備えた給湯装置とするものである。   In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, a hot water supply apparatus of the present invention includes a heating means, a first hot water tank that stores hot water heated by the heating means from above, a second hot water tank that supplies water from below, A connecting pipe that connects the first hot water tank and the second hot water tank, a circulation pump that circulates and supplies the water in the second hot water tank to the heating means, a heat radiating means, hot water in the first hot water tank, and the heat radiating means. A heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the circulating water, a hot water circulation circuit configured to allow the hot water in the first hot water tank that has been heat exchanged by the heat exchanger to flow into the second hot water tank, and the first hot water tank A first hot water circuit for discharging hot water to the terminal means from the upper part, a second hot water circuit for hot water discharging from the upper part of the second hot water storage tank to the terminal means, a hot water mode by the first hot water circuit, and a hot water mode by the second hot water circuit. The hot water supply apparatus includes a control means for controlling.

これによって、第１貯湯槽の高温湯と浴槽水と熱交換して中間温度に低下した第１貯湯槽の湯を第２貯湯槽に戻し、出湯負荷が発生した時、第２貯湯槽上部の第２出湯回路から給湯端末へ出湯できるようにして第２貯湯槽内の中間温度の湯量を少なくし、省エネルギーを実現する。   As a result, the hot water in the first hot water tank and the bath water are exchanged with heat, and the hot water in the first hot water tank lowered to the intermediate temperature is returned to the second hot water tank. Energy can be saved by reducing the amount of hot water at the intermediate temperature in the second hot water storage tank so that hot water can be discharged from the second hot water supply circuit to the hot water supply terminal.

本発明の給湯装置は、風呂追焚きあるいは暖房に利用した後の貯湯槽内の中間温度の残湯水を少なくして、省エネルギーを実現することができる。   The hot water supply apparatus of the present invention can realize energy saving by reducing the remaining hot water at an intermediate temperature in the hot water tank after being used for bathing or heating.

第１の発明は、加熱手段と、加熱手段で加熱した温水を上部から貯湯する第１貯湯槽と、下部から給水する第２貯湯槽と、第１貯湯槽と第２貯湯槽を接続する連結管と、第２貯湯槽の水を加熱手段に循環供給する循環ポンプと、放熱手段と、第１貯湯槽の湯と放熱手段の循環水と熱交換する熱交換器と、熱交換器で熱交換した第１貯湯槽の湯を第２貯湯槽に流入するようにした貯湯水循環回路と、第1貯湯槽の上部から端末手段に出湯する第１出湯回路と、第２貯湯槽の上部から端末手段に出湯する第２出湯回路と、第１出湯回路による出湯と第２出湯回路による出湯を制御することにより、第１貯湯槽の高温湯と浴槽水と熱交換して中間温度に低下した第１貯湯槽の湯を第２貯湯槽に戻し、出湯時に第２貯湯槽上部の第２出湯回路から給湯端末手段へ出湯できるようにして第２貯湯槽内の中間温度の湯量を少なくし、省エネルギーを実現することができる。   1st invention is the connection which connects a heating means, the 1st hot water tank which stores hot water heated with the heating means from the upper part, the 2nd hot water tank which supplies water from the lower part, and the 1st hot water tank and the 2nd hot water tank A pipe, a circulation pump that circulates and supplies the water in the second hot water tank to the heating means, a heat radiating means, a heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the hot water in the first hot water tank and the circulating water in the heat radiating means, and heat generated by the heat exchanger A hot water circulation circuit in which the hot water of the replaced first hot water tank flows into the second hot water tank, a first hot water circuit for discharging hot water to the terminal means from the upper part of the first hot water tank, and a terminal from the upper part of the second hot water tank By controlling the second hot water circuit for discharging hot water to the means, the hot water discharged by the first hot water circuit and the hot water discharged by the second hot water circuit, the hot water and the bath water in the first hot water storage tank are heat-exchanged and lowered to an intermediate temperature. Return the hot water from 1 hot water tank to the 2nd hot water tank, and at the time of hot water, the hot water supply end from the 2nd hot water circuit above the 2nd hot water tank Energy can be saved by reducing the amount of hot water at the intermediate temperature in the second hot water tank so that the hot water can be discharged to the end means.

第２の発明は、特に、第１の発明の制御手段を第１貯湯槽の蓄熱状態と第２貯湯槽の蓄熱状態の少なくとも１つの蓄熱状態を検出して第１出湯回路による出湯と第２出湯回路による出湯を制御するようにしたことにより、風呂追焚き後の第２貯湯槽の中間温度の湯を有効に出湯して、第２貯湯槽内の中間温度の湯量を少なくし、省エネルギーを実現することができる。   In the second invention, in particular, the control means according to the first invention detects at least one heat storage state of the heat storage state of the first hot water storage tank and the heat storage state of the second hot water storage tank, and uses the first hot water circuit to discharge hot water and second. By controlling the hot water supply by the hot water supply circuit, the hot water at the intermediate temperature in the second hot water tank after the bath is replenished effectively, the amount of hot water at the intermediate temperature in the second hot water tank is reduced, and energy is saved. Can be realized.

第３の発明は、特に、第１の発明の制御手段を第２貯湯槽の上部の水温が第１貯湯槽の下部の水温より高温かつ所定温度より高い場合に第２出湯回路による出湯モードで出湯するように制御したことにより、第２貯湯槽の上部の湯が追焚き運転後の湯であることを認識して第２出湯回路から給湯端末手段へ出湯できるようにして第２貯湯槽内の中間温度の湯量を少なくし、省エネルギーを実現することができる。   According to a third aspect of the invention, in particular, the control means according to the first aspect of the present invention is used in the hot water discharge mode by the second hot water discharge circuit when the water temperature in the upper part of the second hot water tank is higher than the water temperature in the lower part of the first hot water tank and higher than a predetermined temperature. By controlling so that the hot water is discharged, the hot water in the upper part of the second hot water tank is recognized as the hot water after the reheating operation, and the hot water can be discharged from the second hot water circuit to the hot water supply terminal means. The amount of hot water at the intermediate temperature can be reduced and energy saving can be realized.

第４の発明は、特に、第１〜第３のいずれか１つの発明の制御手段を第２貯湯槽の蓄熱量が予め設定された蓄熱量に達している場合に第２出湯回路による出湯モードで出湯するように制御したことにより、第２貯湯槽上部に所定湯量かつ所定温度以上の湯がある場合に、第２出湯回路から優先して所定蓄熱量を連続出湯し、第２貯湯槽内の中間温度の湯量を少なくし、省エネルギーを実現することができる。   In the fourth aspect of the invention, in particular, when the heat storage amount of the second hot water storage tank reaches the preset heat storage amount, the hot water discharge mode by the second hot water discharge circuit is used in the control means of any one of the first to third aspects of the invention. When there is hot water with a predetermined amount of hot water and a predetermined temperature or more at the upper part of the second hot water tank, the hot water is continuously discharged from the second hot water circuit, and the predetermined heat storage amount is preferentially discharged in the second hot water tank. The amount of hot water at the intermediate temperature can be reduced and energy saving can be realized.

第５の発明は、特に、第１〜第４のいずれか１つの発明の制御手段を第１貯湯槽の蓄熱量が所定蓄熱量より少ない時、第２貯湯槽の蓄熱量が所定蓄熱量以上ある場合に第２出湯回路による出湯モードで出湯するように制御したことりより、第１貯湯槽の蓄熱量が少なくなった場合に第２貯湯槽の上部の中間温度の湯を出湯して、第２貯湯槽内の中間温度の湯量を少なくし、省エネルギーを実現することができる。   In the fifth aspect of the invention, in particular, when the heat storage amount of the first hot water tank is less than the predetermined heat storage amount, the heat storage amount of the second hot water tank is equal to or greater than the predetermined heat storage amount. In some cases, the hot water is controlled to be discharged in the hot water discharge mode of the second hot water circuit, so that when the amount of heat stored in the first hot water tank decreases, the hot water at the intermediate temperature in the upper part of the second hot water tank is discharged, 2 The amount of hot water at the intermediate temperature in the hot water tank can be reduced, and energy saving can be realized.

第６の発明は、特に、第１〜第５のいずれか１つの発明の制御手段を第１出湯回路による湯と第２出湯回路による湯をミキシングする出湯モードで出湯するように制御したことにより、第２貯湯槽上部の湯温が所定温度に達していない場合でも第２貯湯槽内の中間温度の湯を消費して湯量を低減できるようになり、省エネルギーを実現することができる。   In the sixth aspect of the invention, in particular, the control means of any one of the first to fifth aspects of the invention is controlled so that the hot water discharged from the first hot water circuit and the hot water from the second hot water circuit are mixed in the hot water mode. Even when the hot water temperature in the upper part of the second hot water tank does not reach the predetermined temperature, the hot water at the intermediate temperature in the second hot water tank can be consumed to reduce the amount of hot water, thereby realizing energy saving.

第７の発明は、特に、第１〜第６のいずれか１つの発明の制御手段を第１出湯回路による湯と第２出湯回路の湯をミキシングした湯が所定温度となるように第１出湯回路による出湯と第２出湯回路による出湯を制御するようにしたことにより、第２貯湯槽上部の湯温が所定温度に達していない場合でも第１貯湯槽上部の高温湯とミキシングして所定温度で給湯端末に出湯することができるため、使い勝手がよくなる。   In the seventh invention, in particular, the control means of any one of the first to sixth inventions uses the first tapping water so that the hot water obtained by mixing the hot water from the first tapping circuit and the hot water from the second tapping circuit reaches a predetermined temperature. By controlling the hot water by the circuit and the hot water by the second hot water circuit, even when the hot water temperature at the upper part of the second hot water tank does not reach the predetermined temperature, the hot water at the upper part of the first hot water tank is mixed to the predetermined temperature. Since the hot water can be discharged to the hot water supply terminal, it is easy to use.

第８の発明は、特に、第１〜第７のいずれか１つの発明の加熱手段を圧縮機を備えたヒートポンプとしたことにより、大気熱を利用して低消費電力量で湯をつくることができるため、熱交換効率を高くできるとともに、省エネルギー、大能力で水を加熱できる。   In the eighth invention, in particular, the heating means of any one of the first to seventh inventions is a heat pump provided with a compressor, so that hot water can be produced with low power consumption using atmospheric heat. Therefore, heat exchange efficiency can be increased and water can be heated with energy saving and large capacity.

第９の発明は、特に請求項８に記載のヒートポンプを冷媒の圧力が臨界圧力以上となる超臨界ヒートポンプサイクルとして、臨界圧力以上に昇圧された冷媒により温水を加熱する構成としたことにより、圧縮機で臨界圧力以上に加圧された冷媒は水を加熱する際に熱を奪われて温度低下しても凝縮することがない。したがって、冷媒と水を熱交換する際に全熱交換領域で冷媒と水とに温度差を形成しやすくなり、高温の湯が得られ、かつ熱交換効率を高くできる。   According to a ninth aspect of the invention, in particular, the heat pump according to claim 8 is a supercritical heat pump cycle in which the pressure of the refrigerant is equal to or higher than the critical pressure, and the hot water is heated by the refrigerant whose pressure is increased to the critical pressure or higher. The refrigerant pressurized to the critical pressure or higher by the machine is not condensed even if the temperature is lowered due to heat being taken away when the water is heated. Therefore, when heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and water, it becomes easy to form a temperature difference between the refrigerant and water in the total heat exchange region, high-temperature hot water can be obtained, and heat exchange efficiency can be increased.

第１０の発明は、請求項１〜７のいずれか１項に記載の加熱手段として燃料電池の排熱とすることにより、排熱を貯湯するとともに、比較的低温水を燃料電池装置に送水し、燃料電池装置を冷却することになり、省エネルギー化と燃料電池装置の耐久信頼性が高まる。   According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, the exhaust heat of the fuel cell is used as the heating means according to any one of claims 1 to 7 to store the exhaust heat and supply relatively low-temperature water to the fuel cell device. Therefore, the fuel cell device is cooled, and energy saving and durability reliability of the fuel cell device are enhanced.

以下本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、この実施の形態によって本発明が限定されるものではない。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

（実施の形態１）
図１は本発明の第１の実施の形態における給湯装置の構成図を示すものである。図１において、実線矢印は出湯時の水の流れ方向を表し、破線矢印は風呂追焚き運転時の水の流れ方向を表し、一点鎖線矢印は貯湯槽に蓄熱する貯湯運転時の水の流れ方向を表す。加熱手段１は、例えば圧縮機５、放熱器６、減圧手段７、吸熱器８を接続したヒートポンプ回路で構成する。そして、ヒートポンプ回路１は、例えば炭酸ガス（ＣＯ2）を冷媒として使用し、高圧側の冷媒圧力が冷媒の臨界圧力以上となる超臨界ヒートポンプサイクルを使用している。 (Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the solid line arrow indicates the direction of water flow during hot water, the broken line arrow indicates the direction of water flow during bath reheating operation, and the alternate long and short dash line arrow indicates the direction of water flow during hot water storage operation that stores heat in the hot water storage tank. Represents. The heating means 1 is composed of, for example, a heat pump circuit in which a compressor 5, a radiator 6, a decompression means 7, and a heat absorber 8 are connected. The heat pump circuit 1 uses, for example, carbon dioxide (CO2) as a refrigerant, and uses a supercritical heat pump cycle in which the refrigerant pressure on the high pressure side is equal to or higher than the critical pressure of the refrigerant.

また、水熱交換器９は放熱器６と対向流で熱交換する構成をしたものであり、第１貯湯槽１０はヒートポンプ１で加熱した水熱交換器９の温水を第１貯湯槽１０の上部から貯湯し、第２貯湯槽１１は給水管１２の水を下部から給水する。そして、連結管１３は第１貯湯槽１０の下部と第２貯湯槽１１の上部を接続する。循環ポンプ１４は流量可変型構成をしたものであり、第２貯湯槽１１下部の水を水熱交換器９に循環供給する。放熱手段１５は浴槽であり、他の用途として暖房放熱器、衣類乾燥機等でもよい。熱交換器１６は第１貯湯槽１０の上部の高温湯と放熱手段１５の循環水と熱交換するものであり、熱交換器１６に流入する第１貯湯槽１０の高温湯と熱交換器１６から流出する浴槽１５の循環水が熱交換する対向流式で熱交換する構成をしたものである。貯湯水循環回路１７は第１貯湯槽１０と熱交換器１６と第２貯湯槽１１を接続し、第１貯湯槽１０の湯を貯湯水循環ポンプ１８の作用で熱交換器１６および第２貯湯槽１１に流入するように構成したものである。放熱手段用循環ポンプ１９は放熱手段１５の循環水を熱交換器１６に循環する。第１出湯回路２０は第１貯湯槽１０の上部から蛇口などの給湯端末手段に出湯する回路であり、第２出湯回路２１は第２貯湯槽１１の上部から蛇口などの給湯端末手段に出湯する回路である。第１貯湯温度センサー２２は第１貯湯槽１０に貯湯されている下部の水温あるいは第１貯湯槽１０の下部に流入する連結管１３内の水温を検出する。第２貯湯温度センサー２３は第２貯湯槽１１に貯湯されている上部の水温を検出する。出湯制御手段２４は弁開度を変更して、第１出湯回路から給湯端末に単独で出湯する出湯回路と第２出湯回路から給湯端末に単独で出湯する出湯回路と第１出湯回路と第２出湯回路の併用による給湯端末に出湯する出湯回路の切換えをおこなう。   Further, the water heat exchanger 9 is configured to exchange heat with the radiator 6 in a counter flow, and the first hot water tank 10 is the hot water of the water heat exchanger 9 heated by the heat pump 1 in the first hot water tank 10. Hot water is stored from above, and the second hot water tank 11 supplies water from the water supply pipe 12 from below. The connecting pipe 13 connects the lower part of the first hot water tank 10 and the upper part of the second hot water tank 11. The circulation pump 14 has a variable flow rate configuration, and circulates and supplies the water in the lower part of the second hot water tank 11 to the water heat exchanger 9. The heat radiating means 15 is a bathtub, and may be a heating radiator, a clothes dryer, or the like as other uses. The heat exchanger 16 exchanges heat between the hot water at the top of the first hot water tank 10 and the circulating water of the heat radiating means 15, and the hot water and heat exchanger 16 of the first hot water tank 10 flowing into the heat exchanger 16. It is the structure which heat-exchanges by the counterflow type which the circulating water of the bathtub 15 which flows out out of the heat-exchange. The hot water storage circuit 17 connects the first hot water tank 10, the heat exchanger 16, and the second hot water tank 11, and the hot water in the first hot water tank 10 is operated by the hot water circulating pump 18 to act as the heat exchanger 16 and the second hot water tank 11. It is configured to flow into. The circulation pump 19 for heat radiation means circulates the circulating water of the heat radiation means 15 to the heat exchanger 16. The first hot water circuit 20 is a circuit for discharging hot water from the upper part of the first hot water storage tank 10 to a hot water supply terminal means such as a faucet, and the second hot water circuit 21 is discharged from the upper part of the second hot water storage tank 11 to hot water supply terminal means such as a faucet. Circuit. The first hot water storage temperature sensor 22 detects the water temperature in the lower part of the hot water stored in the first hot water tank 10 or the water temperature in the connecting pipe 13 flowing into the lower part of the first hot water tank 10. The second hot water storage temperature sensor 23 detects the upper water temperature stored in the second hot water storage tank 11. The hot water control means 24 changes the valve opening degree, the hot water circuit for solely pouring the hot water from the first hot water circuit to the hot water supply terminal, the hot water circuit for the hot water from the second hot water circuit to the hot water terminal, the first hot water circuit and the second. Switch the hot water supply circuit to the hot water supply terminal by using the hot water supply circuit together.

制御手段２５は第１出湯回路２０から出湯する出湯モードと第２出湯回路２１から出湯する出湯モードを制御し、出湯時に第１貯湯槽１０に貯湯されている下部の水温を検出する第１貯湯温度センサー２２の検出信号と第２貯湯槽１１に貯湯されている上部の水温を検出する第２貯湯温度センサー２３の検出信号と比較して、第２貯湯槽１１に貯湯されている上部の水温が第１貯湯槽１０に貯湯されている下部の水温より高温であり、かつ所定温度より高い場合に第２出湯回路２１から出湯するように出湯制御手段２４を制御する。ここで、所定温度とは給湯端末から要求されている出湯温度とする。出湯モードは第１出湯回路２０のみから出湯するモード、第２出湯回路２１のみから出湯するモードの他、第１出湯回路２０と第２出湯回路２１両方から出湯するモードがある。   The control means 25 controls the hot water discharge mode discharged from the first hot water discharge circuit 20 and the hot water discharge mode discharged from the second hot water discharge circuit 21 to detect the lower water temperature stored in the first hot water storage tank 10 at the time of hot water discharge. Compared with the detection signal of the temperature sensor 22 and the detection signal of the second hot water storage temperature sensor 23 for detecting the upper water temperature stored in the second hot water tank 11, the upper water temperature stored in the second hot water tank 11. The hot water control means 24 is controlled so that the hot water is discharged from the second hot water circuit 21 when the temperature of the hot water is higher than the lower water temperature stored in the first hot water tank 10 and higher than a predetermined temperature. Here, the predetermined temperature is a tapping temperature requested from the hot water supply terminal. In addition to the mode in which the hot water is discharged only from the first hot water circuit 20, the mode in which the hot water is discharged only from the second hot water circuit 21, there are modes in which the hot water is discharged from both the first hot water circuit 20 and the second hot water circuit 21.

また、湯温センサー２６は水熱交換器９と第１貯湯槽１０上部の接続配管途中に設けられ、水熱交換器９の出口水温を検出する。湯温制御手段２７は湯温センサー２６の検出信号から水熱交換器９の出口の水温が所定温度となるように循環ポンプ１４の流量を制御する。ミキシングバルブ２８は第１貯湯槽１０の湯と第２貯湯槽１１の少なくともいずれかの湯と給水管１２の水を所定温度となるように混合するものであり、所定温度に混合した湯を蛇口などの給湯端末手段から出湯する。２９は開閉弁であり、放熱手段として浴槽の場合に第１貯湯槽１０の湯と第２貯湯槽１１の湯の少なくともいずれかの湯を浴槽１５に湯張りする時に開放となる。   The hot water temperature sensor 26 is provided in the middle of the connecting pipe between the water heat exchanger 9 and the first hot water tank 10 and detects the outlet water temperature of the water heat exchanger 9. The hot water temperature control means 27 controls the flow rate of the circulation pump 14 from the detection signal of the hot water temperature sensor 26 so that the water temperature at the outlet of the water heat exchanger 9 becomes a predetermined temperature. The mixing valve 28 mixes at least one of the hot water in the first hot water tank 10 and at least one of the hot water in the second hot water tank 11 and the water in the water supply pipe 12 so as to be at a predetermined temperature. Hot water is discharged from the hot water supply terminal means. Reference numeral 29 denotes an on-off valve which is opened when at least one of the hot water in the first hot water tank 10 and the hot water in the second hot water tank 11 is filled in the bathtub 15 in the case of a bathtub as a heat radiating means.

以上のように構成された給湯装置について、以下その動作、作用を説明する。まず、深夜時間帯にヒートポンプで加熱した湯を第１貯湯槽１０および第２貯湯槽１１に貯湯した高温湯を給湯端末手段から出湯する場合について述べる。蛇口が開かれると給水管１２からの給水圧によって第２貯湯槽１１の下部から給水し、第２貯湯槽１１の上部の高温湯が連結管１２を通り、第１貯湯槽１０の下部に流れる。そして、第１貯湯槽上部の高温湯が出湯し、給水管の水とミキシングバルブ２８で所定温度に混合して蛇口から出湯する。この出湯を繰り返すごとに第２貯湯槽１１の高温湯量が減少し、第２貯湯槽１１下部に低温水が貯水される。そして、さらに出湯すると第２貯湯槽１１上部から連結管１３を通り第１貯湯槽１０の下部に給水された低温水が貯水される。そして、第１貯湯槽１０の上部に高温湯が貯湯され、下部に低温水が貯水されて温度成層を形成して貯められる。また、第２貯湯槽１１には給水された低温水のみが貯水される。   About the hot water supply apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below. First, a case will be described in which hot water heated by a heat pump in the midnight time zone is discharged from the hot water supply terminal means as hot water stored in the first hot water tank 10 and the second hot water tank 11. When the faucet is opened, water is supplied from the lower part of the second hot water tank 11 by the water supply pressure from the water supply pipe 12, and the hot water at the upper part of the second hot water tank 11 flows through the connecting pipe 12 to the lower part of the first hot water tank 10. . Then, the hot water in the upper part of the first hot water storage tank is discharged, mixed with water in the water supply pipe and a predetermined temperature by the mixing valve 28, and discharged from the faucet. Each time this hot water is repeated, the amount of hot water in the second hot water tank 11 decreases, and low temperature water is stored in the lower part of the second hot water tank 11. When the hot water is further discharged, low temperature water supplied from the upper part of the second hot water tank 11 through the connecting pipe 13 to the lower part of the first hot water tank 10 is stored. And hot water is stored in the upper part of the 1st hot water tank 10, and low temperature water is stored in the lower part, forms a temperature stratification, and is stored. Further, only the low-temperature water supplied is stored in the second hot water tank 11.

また、出湯時に第１貯湯槽１０上部の湯を出湯するように説明したが、風呂追焚きする前に給湯端末手段へ出湯する場合、第２貯湯温度センサー２３の検出信号が給湯端末手段の要求出湯温度より高温の信号の場合には第２貯湯槽１１から出湯しても何ら同じ作用となる。   In addition, the hot water in the upper part of the first hot water tank 10 has been described to be discharged at the time of hot water, but when the hot water is discharged to the hot water supply terminal means before the bath is replenished, the detection signal of the second hot water storage temperature sensor 23 is a request from the hot water supply terminal means. In the case of a signal having a temperature higher than the hot water temperature, the same effect is obtained even if the hot water is discharged from the second hot water tank 11.

また、浴槽１５に湯張りする場合には、開閉弁２９を開放して、第１貯湯槽１０の湯と第２貯湯槽１１の少なくともいずれかの湯を浴槽１５に湯張りする。   When filling the bathtub 15 with hot water, the on-off valve 29 is opened to fill the bathtub 15 with hot water from the first hot water tank 10 and / or the second hot water tank 11.

次に、風呂追焚きする場合について述べる。風呂追焚きの信号を検出して（図示せず）、第１貯湯槽１０上部の高温湯（６５℃〜９０℃）を熱交換器１６に導き浴槽１５の水を加熱する。そして、温度低下して中間温度（３５〜６０℃）となった第１貯湯槽１０の湯を第２貯湯槽１１に戻す。この時、第２貯湯槽１１に戻る湯温は浴槽１５の水温によって異なるが、一般的には熱交換器１６に流入する浴槽水温に対して約５℃程度高い。そして、第２貯湯槽１１全域に低温水が貯水されている場合には、第２貯湯槽１１内では熱交換器１６からきた中間温度の湯と第２貯湯槽１１内の低温水の密度差によって、熱交換器１６から第２貯湯槽１１に流入する接続口より上部に中間温度の湯が貯えられる。また、熱交換器１６から第２貯湯槽１１に流入する接続口近傍より上部に高温湯が貯湯されている場合には、第２貯湯槽１１内では熱交換器１６からきた中間温度の湯は第２貯湯槽１１に流入する接続口より下部に貯えられる。そして、風呂追焚きを繰り返すたびに、第１貯湯槽１０上部の高温湯量は少なくなり、第２貯湯槽１１に中間温度の湯が増加する。しかし、風呂追焚きする第１貯湯槽上部の高温湯の温度は一定のため所定の風呂追焚き能力を確保することができる。   Next, the case of bathing will be described. A bath reheating signal is detected (not shown), and hot water (65 ° C. to 90 ° C.) at the top of the first hot water tank 10 is guided to the heat exchanger 16 to heat the water in the bathtub 15. And the hot water of the 1st hot water storage tank 10 which fell to temperature and became intermediate temperature (35-60 degreeC) is returned to the 2nd hot water storage tank 11. FIG. At this time, the hot water temperature returning to the second hot water tank 11 differs depending on the water temperature of the bathtub 15, but is generally about 5 ° C. higher than the bathtub water temperature flowing into the heat exchanger 16. When low temperature water is stored in the entire area of the second hot water tank 11, the density difference between the intermediate temperature hot water from the heat exchanger 16 and the low temperature water in the second hot water tank 11 in the second hot water tank 11. Thus, hot water at an intermediate temperature is stored above the connection port flowing from the heat exchanger 16 into the second hot water storage tank 11. When high temperature hot water is stored above the vicinity of the connection port flowing into the second hot water tank 11 from the heat exchanger 16, the intermediate temperature hot water from the heat exchanger 16 is stored in the second hot water tank 11. It is stored below the connection port flowing into the second hot water tank 11. Each time the bath reheating is repeated, the amount of hot water in the upper part of the first hot water tank 10 decreases, and the hot water at the intermediate temperature increases in the second hot water tank 11. However, since the temperature of the hot water at the upper part of the first hot water tank for bathing is constant, a predetermined bath chasing capability can be ensured.

次に、風呂追焚きした後に給湯端末手段に出湯する場合について述べる。出湯時に第１貯湯槽１０下部に低温水が貯水されていることを第１温度センサー２２が検出し、第２貯湯槽１１上部は中間温度の湯が貯湯されていることを第２温度センサー２３が検出して第２貯湯槽上部の中間温度の湯を第２出湯回路２１から出湯し、第２貯湯槽１１の中間温度の湯量が減少する。そして、第２貯湯槽１１の中間温度の湯量がなくなり所定温度未満の湯温となった場合には第１貯湯槽１０の第１出湯回路２０から出湯する。よって、第２貯湯槽１１上部の中間温度の湯を有効に出湯利用して中間温度の湯量を少なくすることができる。   Next, the case where the hot water is discharged to the hot water supply terminal means after bathing will be described. The first temperature sensor 22 detects that low temperature water is stored in the lower part of the first hot water storage tank 10 at the time of hot water discharge, and the second temperature sensor 23 indicates that hot water of intermediate temperature is stored in the upper part of the second hot water storage tank 11. Is detected and the hot water at the intermediate temperature in the upper part of the second hot water tank is discharged from the second hot water circuit 21, and the hot water amount at the intermediate temperature in the second hot water tank 11 is reduced. When the amount of hot water at the intermediate temperature in the second hot water storage tank 11 disappears and the hot water temperature becomes lower than a predetermined temperature, the hot water is discharged from the first hot water circuit 20 of the first hot water storage tank 10. Therefore, the intermediate temperature hot water at the upper part of the second hot water tank 11 can be effectively used to reduce the amount of intermediate temperature hot water.

次に、主に深夜時刻帯に貯湯槽内に高温湯を蓄熱する貯湯運転について述べる。圧縮機５で高温高圧に圧縮された冷媒は放熱器６に流入し、ここで放熱して水熱交換器９に流入する水を加熱する。そして、減圧手段７で減圧されて吸熱器８に流入して大気熱を吸熱して圧縮機５に戻る。一方、水熱交換器９で加熱される水は水熱交換器９の出口湯温が所定温度となるように流量制御され、所定温度となって第１貯湯槽１０の上部に流入して貯湯される。そして、このサイクルを繰り返すことによって、第１貯湯槽１０では上部から下部まで所定の高温湯が貯えられ、下部の高温湯は連結管１３を介して第２貯湯槽１１の上部に移動して第２貯湯槽１１上部から貯湯されていく。そして、第２貯湯槽１１上部から高温湯が貯湯されると同時に第２貯湯槽１１下部の水が水熱交換器９へ流出する。そして、第２貯湯槽１１上部にあった中間温度の湯が水熱交換器９へ流出し始めると水熱交換器９の出口湯温が所定温度となるように循環水量を増加する。その際に、第２貯湯槽１１上部にあった中間温度の湯は出量されているため湯量は少なく、あるいは無いため、ほとんど低温水を加熱することになり高効率運転となる。   Next, hot water storage operation for storing hot water in a hot water tank mainly at midnight will be described. The refrigerant compressed to a high temperature and high pressure by the compressor 5 flows into the radiator 6, where it radiates heat and heats the water flowing into the water heat exchanger 9. Then, the pressure is reduced by the pressure reducing means 7, flows into the heat absorber 8, absorbs atmospheric heat, and returns to the compressor 5. On the other hand, the flow rate of the water heated by the water heat exchanger 9 is controlled so that the outlet hot water temperature of the water heat exchanger 9 becomes a predetermined temperature, and flows into the upper part of the first hot water tank 10 at a predetermined temperature. Is done. By repeating this cycle, predetermined hot water is stored from the upper part to the lower part in the first hot water tank 10, and the hot water in the lower part moves to the upper part of the second hot water tank 11 via the connecting pipe 13. 2 Hot water is stored from the upper part of the hot water tank 11. Then, high-temperature hot water is stored from the upper part of the second hot water tank 11, and at the same time, water in the lower part of the second hot water tank 11 flows out to the water heat exchanger 9. And if the hot water of the intermediate temperature which existed in the 2nd hot water storage tank 11 begins to flow out into the water heat exchanger 9, the amount of circulating water will be increased so that the outlet hot water temperature of the water heat exchanger 9 may become predetermined temperature. At that time, since the intermediate temperature hot water in the upper part of the second hot water storage tank 11 is discharged, the amount of hot water is small or not, so the low temperature water is almost heated and the high efficiency operation is performed.

従って、風呂追焚きを繰り返し利用した場合でも所定の風呂追焚き能力は維持されるとともに、貯湯槽内に高温湯を蓄熱する貯湯運転の運転効率（ＣＯＰ）を高めることができる。   Therefore, even when the bath reheating is repeatedly used, the predetermined bath renewing ability is maintained, and the operation efficiency (COP) of the hot water storage operation for storing the hot water in the hot water storage tank can be increased.

また、高温湯を風呂追焚きに利用した後に給湯利用することができるため、省エネルギーとなる。   Further, since hot water can be used after hot water is used for bathing, energy is saved.

また、第２貯湯槽１１の第２出湯回路２１から出湯できることによって、連結管１３および第１貯湯槽１０を介して出湯しないため出湯圧力が高まり、シャワー利用時のシャワー圧アップによる利便性、快適性がよくなる。さらに、貯湯運転時に第２出湯回路２１から出湯することにより、給水が第２貯湯槽１１から水熱交換器９に流れることがなくなり、貯湯運転時の水熱交換器出口の湯温制御が安定する。   Further, since the hot water can be discharged from the second hot water circuit 21 of the second hot water storage tank 11, the hot water pressure is increased because the hot water is not discharged through the connecting pipe 13 and the first hot water storage tank 10, and convenience and comfort by increasing the shower pressure when using the shower are provided. Sexuality improves. Further, by discharging the hot water from the second hot water circuit 21 during the hot water storage operation, the water supply does not flow from the second hot water storage tank 11 to the water heat exchanger 9, and the hot water temperature control at the outlet of the water heat exchanger during the hot water storage operation is stable. To do.

また、図２に示すように、第１出湯回路２０から給湯端末手段へ出湯するモードを制御する第１出湯制御手段３０と、第２出湯回路２１から給湯端末手段へ出湯するモードを制御する第２出湯制御手段３１を備え、給湯端末手段への要求出湯温度と第２貯湯温度センサー２３の検出信号に基づく湯温と比較して、制御手段３２が第１出湯制御手段３０と第２出湯制御手段３１を切り換えても同様の効果がある。この場合には、比較的高温の出湯温度が要求される風呂の差し湯などに第１出湯回路２０から出湯し、比較的中低温の出湯温度が要求されるキッチン、洗面などの給湯端末手段に第２出湯回路２１から出湯することによって、給湯端末からの要求温度に対応して風呂の差し湯とキッチンなどへの同時出湯が実現できる。   In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the first hot water control means 30 for controlling the mode for discharging hot water from the first hot water circuit 20 to the hot water supply terminal means, and the first mode for controlling the mode for discharging hot water from the second hot water circuit 21 to the hot water terminal means. Compared with the required hot water temperature to the hot water supply terminal means and the hot water temperature based on the detection signal of the second hot water storage temperature sensor 23, the control means 32 controls the first hot water control means 30 and the second hot water control. Switching the means 31 has the same effect. In this case, the hot water is discharged from the first hot water supply circuit 20 to the hot water of a bath that requires a relatively high temperature, and is used as a hot water supply terminal means such as a kitchen or a washroom that requires a relatively low temperature. By discharging the hot water from the second hot water supply circuit 21, it is possible to realize hot water for the bath and simultaneous hot water for the kitchen corresponding to the required temperature from the hot water supply terminal.

また、図３に示すように、放熱手段として暖房機３３を用いた場合に、暖房機３３の循環水と第１貯湯槽１０の湯を熱交換して循環水を追焚きしても同様の効果がある。そして、暖房機に利用する場合には、貯湯槽循環回路１７を第２貯湯槽１１の下部に接続することによって、第１貯湯槽１０の湯を早朝から暖房加熱に用いても第２貯湯槽１１の下部に中間温度の湯を貯湯できるため、第２貯湯槽１１の温度低下する高温湯量が少なくなり、高温湯を有効に出湯に利用できる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 3, when the heater 33 is used as a heat radiating means, the same applies even if the circulating water is replenished by exchanging heat between the circulating water of the heater 33 and the hot water of the first hot water tank 10. effective. And when using for a heating machine, even if the hot water of the 1st hot water tank 10 is used for heating heating from the early morning by connecting the hot water tank circulation circuit 17 to the lower part of the 2nd hot water tank 11, it is the 2nd hot water tank. Since hot water of intermediate temperature can be stored in the lower part of the hot water 11, the amount of hot water in which the temperature of the second hot water storage tank 11 is reduced is reduced, and the hot water can be effectively used for hot water.

また、図４に示すように、流量可変型循環ポンプ（ＤＣポンプ）１４の代わりに流量制御手段３４とＡＣ電源用循環ポンプ３５を用いて流量制御しても同様の効果がある。   As shown in FIG. 4, the same effect can be obtained by controlling the flow rate using the flow rate control means 34 and the AC power supply circulation pump 35 instead of the variable flow rate circulation pump (DC pump) 14.

また、加熱手段としてヒートポンプを利用しているため、低消費電力で運転が可能となり高効率運転が実現できる。そして、ヒータに比べて同じ消費電力で加熱する場合に大能力化が実現できる。   In addition, since a heat pump is used as the heating means, it is possible to operate with low power consumption and realize high efficiency operation. And when it heats with the same power consumption compared with a heater, large capacity realization is realizable.

また、ヒートポンプサイクルを、冷媒の圧力が臨界圧力以上となる超臨界ヒートポンプサイクルとして、臨界圧力以上に昇圧された冷媒により温水を加熱する構成とするため、水熱交換器の放熱器を流れる冷媒は、圧縮機で臨界圧力以上に加圧されているので、水熱交換器の水流路の流水により熱を奪われて温度低下しても凝縮することがない。したがって水熱交換器全域で冷媒と水とに温度差を形成しやすくなり、高温の湯が得られ、かつ熱交換効率を高くできる。   In addition, since the heat pump cycle is configured as a supercritical heat pump cycle in which the pressure of the refrigerant is equal to or higher than the critical pressure, the hot water is heated by the refrigerant whose pressure is increased to the critical pressure or higher, so the refrigerant flowing through the radiator of the water heat exchanger is Since the compressor is pressurized to a critical pressure or higher, it does not condense even if the temperature drops due to the removal of heat by the flowing water in the water flow path of the water heat exchanger. Therefore, it becomes easy to form a temperature difference between the refrigerant and water in the entire area of the water heat exchanger, high-temperature hot water can be obtained, and heat exchange efficiency can be increased.

また、図５に示す如く、加熱手段として燃料電池装置３６の排熱を用いて水を加熱して第１貯湯槽１０および第２貯湯槽１１に貯湯する場合に、第２貯湯槽１１から燃料電池装置３６に中間温度の湯を流すことが少ないため、燃料電池の機器信頼性が高まり、かつ省エネルギー化が実現できる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 5, when water is heated using the exhaust heat of the fuel cell device 36 as a heating means and stored in the first hot water tank 10 and the second hot water tank 11, the fuel is supplied from the second hot water tank 11. Since there is little flow of hot water at the intermediate temperature to the battery device 36, the device reliability of the fuel cell is increased and energy saving can be realized.

また、ヒートポンプサイクルを、冷媒の圧力が臨界圧力以上となる超臨界ヒートポンプサイクルとしたが、もちろん一般の臨界圧力以下のヒートポンプサイクルでもよい。またこの場合、冷媒としてはフロンガス、アンモニアなどを用いても良い。   In addition, the heat pump cycle is a supercritical heat pump cycle in which the pressure of the refrigerant is equal to or higher than the critical pressure. However, the heat pump cycle may be of a general critical pressure or lower. In this case, chlorofluorocarbon, ammonia, or the like may be used as the refrigerant.

（実施の形態２）
図６は本発明の第２の実施の形態における給湯装置の構成図を示すものである。図６において、蓄熱温度センサー３７は第２貯湯槽１１上部の予め設定した貯湯量の位置の内部湯温を検出する。制御手段３８は第１出湯回路２０による出湯モードと第２出湯回路２１による出湯モードを制御し、出湯時に蓄熱温度センサー３７の検出信号が所定温度以上の場合に第２出湯回路２１から出湯するように出湯制御手段２４を制御する。また、出湯時に蓄熱温度センサー３７の検出信号が所定温度未満の場合に第１出湯回路２０から出湯するように出湯制御手段２４を制御する。 (Embodiment 2)
FIG. 6 shows a configuration diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the heat storage temperature sensor 37 detects the internal hot water temperature at the position of the hot water storage amount set in advance above the second hot water storage tank 11. The control means 38 controls the hot water mode by the first hot water circuit 20 and the hot water mode by the second hot water circuit 21 so that the hot water is discharged from the second hot water circuit 21 when the detection signal of the heat storage temperature sensor 37 is higher than a predetermined temperature at the time of hot water. The hot water control means 24 is controlled. Further, the hot water control means 24 is controlled so that the hot water is discharged from the first hot water circuit 20 when the detection signal of the heat storage temperature sensor 37 is lower than a predetermined temperature at the time of hot water.

以上のように構成された給湯装置について、以下その動作、作用について説明する。出湯を検出して制御手段３８は第２貯湯槽１１の蓄熱量を蓄熱温度センサー３７の検出信号から認識する。そして、蓄熱量が所定量ある場合には第２貯湯槽１１から出湯するように出湯制御手段２４を制御し、第２出湯回路２１から給湯端末手段へ出湯する。その際、第２出湯回路２１から出湯する湯温が給湯端末手段からの要求出湯温度より高い場合にはミキシングバルブ２８で給水管１２から流れる水と混合して出湯する。また、蓄熱量が所定量未満の場合には第１貯湯槽１０から出湯するように出湯温度制御手段２４を制御して、ミキシングバルブ２８で給水管から流れる水と混合して出湯する。従って、１つの温度センサーを用いて簡単な装置で所定の蓄熱量を連続して出湯できるようになり、中間温度の湯量が少なくなり、貯湯運転時の運転効率を高めることができる。   About the hot water supply apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below. By detecting the hot water, the control means 38 recognizes the heat storage amount of the second hot water storage tank 11 from the detection signal of the heat storage temperature sensor 37. And when the heat storage amount is a predetermined amount, the hot water control means 24 is controlled so that the hot water is discharged from the second hot water storage tank 11, and the hot water is discharged from the second hot water circuit 21 to the hot water supply terminal means. At that time, when the temperature of the hot water discharged from the second hot water circuit 21 is higher than the required hot water temperature from the hot water supply terminal means, the mixing valve 28 mixes with the water flowing from the water supply pipe 12 and discharges the hot water. Further, when the heat storage amount is less than a predetermined amount, the hot water temperature control means 24 is controlled so that the hot water is discharged from the first hot water storage tank 10, and the mixing valve 28 mixes with the water flowing from the water supply pipe to discharge the hot water. Accordingly, a predetermined amount of stored heat can be discharged continuously with a simple device using one temperature sensor, the amount of hot water at an intermediate temperature is reduced, and the operating efficiency during hot water storage operation can be increased.

（実施の形態３）
図６は本発明の第３の実施の形態における給湯装置の構成図を示すものである。図６において、第１湯温センサー３９は第１貯湯槽１０上部の予め設定した貯湯量の位置の内部湯温を検出する。第２湯温センサー４０は第２貯湯槽１１上部の予め設定した貯湯量の位置の内部湯温を検出する。制御手段４１は第１湯温センサー３９で検出した湯温が所定温度より低温となる、すなわち第１貯湯槽１０の蓄熱量が所定蓄熱量より少ない時、かつ第２湯温センサー４０で検出した湯温が所定温度より高温となる、すなわち第２貯湯槽１１の蓄熱量が所定蓄熱量以上ある場合に第２出湯回路による出湯モードで出湯するように出湯温度制御手段２４を制御する。 (Embodiment 3)
FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the 1st hot water temperature sensor 39 detects the internal hot water temperature of the position of the preset hot water storage amount of the 1st hot water storage tank 10 upper part. The second hot water temperature sensor 40 detects the internal hot water temperature at the position of the preset hot water storage amount in the upper part of the second hot water storage tank 11. The control means 41 is detected by the second hot water temperature sensor 40 when the hot water temperature detected by the first hot water temperature sensor 39 is lower than the predetermined temperature, that is, when the heat storage amount of the first hot water storage tank 10 is less than the predetermined heat storage amount. When the hot water temperature is higher than the predetermined temperature, that is, when the heat storage amount of the second hot water storage tank 11 is equal to or greater than the predetermined heat storage amount, the hot water temperature control means 24 is controlled so that the hot water is discharged in the hot water discharge mode by the second hot water circuit.

以上のように構成された給湯装置について、以下その動作、作用について説明する。出湯を検出すると制御手段４１は第１湯温センサー３９の検出信号と第２湯温センサー４０の検出信号を検出して第１貯湯槽１０の蓄熱量と第２貯湯槽１１の蓄熱量を比較する。そして、第１貯湯槽１０の蓄熱量が所定蓄熱量より少なく、第２貯湯槽１１の蓄熱量が所定蓄熱量より多い場合に第２出湯回路２１による出湯モードで出湯する。そして、第１貯湯槽１０の蓄熱量が所定蓄熱量より少なくなった場合でも、ヒートポンプを運転して無駄に第１貯湯槽１０に高温湯を蓄熱する貯湯運転をおこなうこともなく、また、第１貯湯槽１０の所定蓄熱量を確保したまま第２貯湯槽の中間温度の湯を出湯して給湯負荷に対応する。従って、中間温度の湯量を少なくして、貯湯運転時の運転効率を高めることができる。   About the hot water supply apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below. When the hot water is detected, the control means 41 detects the detection signal of the first hot water temperature sensor 39 and the detection signal of the second hot water temperature sensor 40, and compares the heat storage amount of the first hot water storage tank 10 with the heat storage amount of the second hot water storage tank 11. To do. Then, when the heat storage amount of the first hot water storage tank 10 is less than the predetermined heat storage amount and the heat storage amount of the second hot water storage tank 11 is larger than the predetermined heat storage amount, the hot water is discharged in the hot water discharge mode by the second hot water discharge circuit 21. And even when the heat storage amount of the first hot water storage tank 10 becomes smaller than the predetermined heat storage amount, there is no need to perform a hot water storage operation in which high temperature hot water is stored in the first hot water storage tank 10 by operating the heat pump. The hot water having an intermediate temperature in the second hot water storage tank is discharged while the predetermined heat storage amount of the hot water storage tank 10 is ensured to cope with the hot water supply load. Therefore, the amount of hot water at the intermediate temperature can be reduced, and the operation efficiency during the hot water storage operation can be increased.

また、当然ながら、第１貯湯槽１０の蓄熱量が所定蓄熱量より少なくなった場合に、ヒートポンプを運転して第１貯湯槽に高温湯を蓄熱する貯湯運転をおこなっても出湯に影響はないので同様の効果がある。   Of course, when the heat storage amount of the first hot water storage tank 10 is less than the predetermined heat storage amount, the hot water storage operation for storing the hot water in the first hot water storage tank by operating the heat pump does not affect the hot water. So there is a similar effect.

（実施の形態４）
図８は本発明の第４の実施の形態における給湯装置の構成図を示すものである。図８において、出湯温度センサー４２は出湯温度制御手段２４下流の出湯温度を検出する。制御手段４３は出湯時に出湯温度センサー４２の検出信号が所定温度となるように第１出湯回路２０の流量と第２出湯回路２１の流量の割合を制御するよう出湯温度制御手段２４を制御する。 (Embodiment 4)
FIG. 8 shows a configuration diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 8, the tapping temperature sensor 42 detects the tapping temperature downstream of the tapping temperature control means 24. The control means 43 controls the hot water temperature control means 24 to control the ratio of the flow rate of the first hot water circuit 20 and the flow rate of the second hot water circuit 21 so that the detection signal of the hot water temperature sensor 42 becomes a predetermined temperature at the time of hot water.

以上のように構成された給湯装置について、以下その動作、作用について説明する。出湯を検出すると制御手段４３は出湯温度センサー４２の検出信号を検出する。そして、出湯温度センサー４２の検出信号が所定温度より低温の場合には、高温の湯を出湯する第１出湯回路２０の流量を増加し、中間温度の湯を出湯する第２出湯回路２１の流量を減少して、出湯温度センサー４２の検出信号が所定温度となるように出湯温度制御手段２４を制御する。また、出湯温度センサー４２の検出信号が所定温度より高温の場合には、第１出湯回路２０の流量を減少し、第２出湯回路２１の流量を増加して、出湯温度センサー４２の検出信号が所定温度となるように出湯温度制御手段２４を制御する。従って、第２貯湯槽上部の中間温度の湯が給湯端末手段から要望されている湯温より低温の場合でも、第２貯湯槽の中間温度の湯を出湯できるため、中間温度の湯量が少なくなり、貯湯運転時の運転効率を高めることができる。   About the hot water supply apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below. When detecting the hot water, the control means 43 detects the detection signal of the hot water temperature sensor 42. And when the detection signal of the tapping temperature sensor 42 is lower than the predetermined temperature, the flow rate of the first tapping circuit 20 that pours hot water is increased, and the flow rate of the second tapping circuit 21 that pours hot water of intermediate temperature. The hot water temperature control means 24 is controlled so that the detection signal of the hot water temperature sensor 42 becomes a predetermined temperature. Further, when the detection signal of the hot water temperature sensor 42 is higher than a predetermined temperature, the flow rate of the first hot water circuit 20 is decreased and the flow rate of the second hot water circuit 21 is increased. The tapping temperature control means 24 is controlled so as to reach a predetermined temperature. Accordingly, even when the intermediate temperature hot water in the upper part of the second hot water tank is lower than the hot water temperature requested from the hot water supply terminal means, the hot water at the intermediate temperature in the second hot water tank can be discharged, so the amount of hot water at the intermediate temperature is reduced. The operation efficiency during hot water storage operation can be increased.

以上のように、本発明にかかる給湯装置は、風呂追焚きあるいは暖房に利用した後の貯湯槽内の中間温度の残湯水を少なくしてヒートポンプによる貯湯運転時の運転効率（ＣＯＰ）の向上をはかり、省エネルギー化が可能となるので、温水循環式の暖房機器、衣類乾燥機器等の用途にも適用できる。   As described above, the hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention reduces the remaining hot water at the intermediate temperature in the hot water tank after being used for bathing or heating, and improves the operating efficiency (COP) during hot water storage operation by the heat pump. Since scales and energy savings are possible, it can also be applied to uses such as warm water circulation type heating equipment and clothes drying equipment.

本発明の実施の形態１における給湯装置の構成図Configuration diagram of hot water supply apparatus in Embodiment 1 of the present invention 本発明の実施の形態１の他の給湯装置の構成図Configuration diagram of another hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention 本発明の実施の形態１における放熱手段を暖房とした場合の給湯装置の構成図The block diagram of the hot-water supply apparatus at the time of setting the thermal radiation means in Embodiment 1 of this invention to heating 本発明の実施の形態１における流量制御手段を他方式とした給湯装置の構成図The block diagram of the hot-water supply apparatus which used the flow control means in Embodiment 1 of this invention as another system 本発明の実施の形態１における加熱手段として燃料電池を用いた給湯装置の構成図Configuration diagram of a hot water supply apparatus using a fuel cell as a heating means in Embodiment 1 of the present invention 本発明の実施の形態２における給湯装置の構成図The block diagram of the hot-water supply apparatus in Embodiment 2 of this invention 本発明の実施の形態３における給湯装置の構成図The block diagram of the hot-water supply apparatus in Embodiment 3 of this invention 本発明の実施の形態４における給湯装置の構成図The block diagram of the hot-water supply apparatus in Embodiment 4 of this invention 従来のヒートポンプ給湯装置の構成図Configuration diagram of conventional heat pump water heater ヒートポンプ給湯装置の性能特性図Performance characteristics of heat pump water heater

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ ヒートポンプ
５ 圧縮機
６ 放熱器
７ 減圧手段
８ 吸熱器
９ 水熱交換器
１０ 第１貯湯槽
１１ 第１貯湯槽
１２ 給水管
１３ 連結管
１４ 循環ポンプ
１５ 放熱手段（浴槽）
１６ 熱交換器
１７ 貯湯水循環回路
１８ 貯湯水循環ポンプ
１９ 放熱手段用循環ポンプ
２０ 第１出湯回路
２１ 第２出湯回路
２２ 第１貯湯温度センサー
２３ 第２貯湯温度センサー
２４ 出湯制御手段
２５、３２、３８、４１、４３ 制御手段
２６ 湯温センサー
２７ 湯温制御手段
２８ ミキシングバルブ
２９ 開閉弁
３０ 第１出湯制御手段
３１ 第２出湯制御手段
３３ 暖房機
３４ 流量制御手段
３５ 循環ポンプ
３６ 燃料電池装置
３７ 蓄熱温度センサー
３９ 第１湯温センサー
４０ 第２湯温センサー
４２ 出湯温度センサー DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat pump 5 Compressor 6 Radiator 7 Pressure reduction means 8 Heat absorber 9 Water heat exchanger 10 1st hot water tank 11 1st hot water tank 12 Water supply pipe 13 Connection pipe 14 Circulation pump 15 Heat radiation means (tub)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 16 Heat exchanger 17 Hot water circulation circuit 18 Hot water circulation pump 19 Circulation pump for heat radiating means 20 1st hot water circuit 21 2nd hot water circuit 22 1st hot water temperature sensor 23 2nd hot water temperature sensor 24 Hot water control means 25, 32, 38, 41, 43 Control means 26 Hot water temperature sensor 27 Hot water temperature control means 28 Mixing valve 29 On-off valve 30 First hot water control means 31 Second hot water control means 33 Heating machine 34 Flow rate control means 35 Circulation pump 36 Fuel cell device 37 Thermal storage temperature sensor 39 First hot water temperature sensor 40 Second hot water temperature sensor 42 Hot water temperature sensor

Claims (10)

加熱手段と、加熱手段で加熱した温水を上部から貯湯する第１貯湯槽と、下部から給水する第２貯湯槽と、前記第１貯湯槽と前記第２貯湯槽を接続する連結管と、前記第２貯湯槽の水を加熱手段に循環供給する循環ポンプと、放熱手段と、前記第１貯湯槽の湯と前記放熱手段の循環水とを熱交換する熱交換器と、前記熱交換器で熱交換した前記第１貯湯槽の湯を前記第２貯湯槽に流入するようにした貯湯水循環回路と、前記第1貯湯槽の上部から端末手段に出湯する第１出湯回路と、前記第２貯湯槽の上部から端末手段に出湯する第２出湯回路と、前記第１出湯回路による出湯モードと前記第２出湯回路による出湯モードを制御する制御手段とを備えた給湯装置。 A heating means, a first hot water tank that stores hot water heated by the heating means from above, a second hot water tank that supplies water from below, a connecting pipe that connects the first hot water tank and the second hot water tank, and A circulation pump that circulates and supplies the water in the second hot water tank to the heating means, a heat radiating means, a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the hot water in the first hot water tank and the circulating water in the heat radiating means, and the heat exchanger. A hot water circulating circuit that allows the hot water in the first hot water tank that has undergone heat exchange to flow into the second hot water tank, a first hot water circuit that discharges heat from the upper part of the first hot water tank to the terminal means, and the second hot water storage A hot water supply apparatus comprising a second hot water circuit for pouring hot water from the upper part of the tank to the terminal means, and a control means for controlling the hot water mode by the first hot water circuit and the hot water mode by the second hot water circuit. 制御手段は、第１貯湯槽の蓄熱状態と第２貯湯槽の蓄熱状態の少なくとも１つの蓄熱状態を検出して第１出湯回路による出湯モードと第２出湯回路による出湯モードを制御するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の給湯装置。 The control means detects at least one heat storage state of the heat storage state of the first hot water tank and the heat storage state of the second hot water tank, and controls the hot water mode by the first hot water circuit and the hot water mode by the second hot water circuit. The hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1. 制御手段は、第２貯湯槽の上部の水温が第１貯湯槽の下部の水温より高温かつ所定温度より高い場合に第２出湯回路による出湯モードで出湯するように制御したことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の給湯装置。 The control means controls the hot water to be discharged in a hot water discharge mode by the second hot water discharge circuit when the water temperature at the upper part of the second hot water tank is higher than the water temperature at the lower part of the first hot water tank and higher than a predetermined temperature. Item 3. A hot water supply apparatus according to item 1 or 2. 制御手段は、第２貯湯槽の蓄熱量が予め設定された蓄熱量に達している場合に第２出湯回路による出湯モードで出湯するように制御したことを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の給湯装置。 The control means controls the hot water to be discharged in a hot water discharge mode by the second hot water circuit when the heat storage amount of the second hot water tank reaches a preset heat storage amount. A hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1. 制御手段は、第１貯湯槽の蓄熱量が所定蓄熱量より少ない時、第２貯湯槽の蓄熱量が所定蓄熱量以上ある場合に第２出湯回路による出湯モードで出湯するように制御したことを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれか１項に記載の給湯装置。 When the heat storage amount of the first hot water storage tank is less than the predetermined heat storage amount, the control means controls that the hot water is discharged in the hot water discharge mode by the second hot water discharge circuit when the heat storage amount of the second hot water storage tank is greater than the predetermined heat storage amount. The hot water supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 制御手段は、第１出湯回路による湯と第２出湯回路による湯をミキシングする出湯モードで出湯するように制御したことを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載の給湯装置。 The hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control means controls the hot water to be discharged in a hot water mode in which hot water from the first hot water circuit and hot water from the second hot water circuit are mixed. 制御手段は、第１出湯回路による湯と第２出湯回路による湯をミキシングした湯が所定温度となるように第１出湯回路による出湯モードと第２出湯回路による出湯モードを制御するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１〜６のいずれか１項に記載の給湯装置。 The control means controls the hot water mode by the first hot water circuit and the hot water mode by the second hot water circuit so that the hot water mixed with the hot water from the first hot water circuit and the hot water from the second hot water circuit has a predetermined temperature. The hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 加熱手段は圧縮機を備えたヒートポンプとした請求項１〜７のいずれか１項に記載の給湯装置。 The hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the heating means is a heat pump provided with a compressor. ヒートポンプは冷媒の圧力が臨界圧力以上となる超臨界ヒートポンプサイクルであり、臨界圧力以上に昇圧された冷媒により温水を加熱する請求項８に記載の給湯装置。 The hot water supply device according to claim 8, wherein the heat pump is a supercritical heat pump cycle in which the pressure of the refrigerant becomes equal to or higher than the critical pressure, and the hot water is heated by the refrigerant whose pressure is increased to the critical pressure or higher. 加熱手段は燃料電池の排熱とした請求項１〜７のいずれか１項に記載の給湯装置。 The hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the heating means is exhaust heat of the fuel cell.

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