JP2005083633A - Induction heating type pyrolysis furnace - Google Patents

Induction heating type pyrolysis furnace Download PDF

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JP2005083633A
JP2005083633A JP2003315223A JP2003315223A JP2005083633A JP 2005083633 A JP2005083633 A JP 2005083633A JP 2003315223 A JP2003315223 A JP 2003315223A JP 2003315223 A JP2003315223 A JP 2003315223A JP 2005083633 A JP2005083633 A JP 2005083633A
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furnace
dry
gas
heat insulating
distilled
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JP4009908B2 (en
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Kimihisa Kaneko
公寿 金子
Shinichi Abe
信一 安部
Tatsuo Take
達男 武
Masaki Sakuma
政喜 佐久間
Sakae Okayama
栄 岡山
Kunio Wakahara
邦夫 若原
Hideaki Tadano
英顕 只野
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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Fuji Electric Systems Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics

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  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
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  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To uniformly and quickly rise the temperature of a dry-distilled matter in a furnace, to shorten a dry distillation time and to improve the dry distillation quality. <P>SOLUTION: In this induction heating type pyrolysis furnace where a furnace body 3 is installed inside of a heat insulating vessel 1 of an inert gas atmosphere, and the dry-distilled matter 8 is distilled by induction-heating the furnace body 3 accommodating the dry-distilled matter, a fan 5 is installed in the furnace for forcibly circulating a furnace gas by the fan 5, and abrasion-proof materials 12, 13 are mounted on an inner wall face of the heat insulating vessel 1 with which the circulated flow of the furnace gas collides. In this pyrolysis furnace, the dry-distilled material 8 is heated by heat transfer from the circulated gas to quickly rise a temperature of the dry-distilled matter at a central part of the furnace body, on the other hand, a heat insulating material of the heat insulating vessel 1 with which the circulated flow of the furnace gas is protected from the abrasion by solid particles such as carbide and metallic powder included in the furnace gas. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

この発明は、高分子化合物を含む廃棄物を乾留処理する誘導加熱式乾留炉に関し、特に被乾留物を均一に加熱する手段に関する。     The present invention relates to an induction heating type carbonization furnace for performing carbonization treatment of a waste containing a polymer compound, and more particularly to a means for uniformly heating a material to be dried.

炉体を誘導加熱することにより、不活性ガス雰囲気の炉内で被乾留物を乾留処理するバッチ式の誘導加熱式乾留炉については、例えば特許文献１に記載されている。この種の乾留炉は、不活性ガス雰囲気を形成する閉塞された断熱槽の内部に炉体が設置され、断熱槽の外側に加熱コイルが設けられている。炉体に被乾留物を投入し、加熱コイルに高周波電流を通流すると、加熱コイルが作る磁束が炉体と鎖交して炉体に誘導電流が流れ、炉体は抵抗損により発熱する。この炉体の熱は炉壁からの輻射や熱伝導により被乾留物に伝えられ、被乾留物が温度上昇して被乾留物に含まれる塗料などの高分子化合物が熱分解（乾留）される。
特開平１０−４３７１４号公報 For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a batch type induction heating type carbonization furnace that performs carbonization treatment of a carbonized product in a furnace in an inert gas atmosphere by induction heating the furnace body. In this type of dry distillation furnace, a furnace body is installed inside a closed heat insulating tank that forms an inert gas atmosphere, and a heating coil is provided outside the heat insulating tank. When a dry matter is introduced into the furnace body and a high-frequency current is passed through the heating coil, the magnetic flux generated by the heating coil is linked to the furnace body, an induced current flows through the furnace body, and the furnace body generates heat due to resistance loss. The heat of the furnace body is transmitted to the material to be dried by radiation and heat conduction from the furnace wall, and the temperature of the material to be dried rises and the polymer compound such as paint contained in the material to be dried is thermally decomposed (dry distillation). .
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-43714

上記した誘導加熱式乾留炉においては、炉体の熱は炉壁からの輻射や熱伝導により被乾留物に伝えられるが、炉体の中心部の被乾留物は炉壁からの輻射を受けることが少なく、専ら隣接する被乾留物からの熱伝導により加熱されるので昇温しにくい。そのため、炉内の被乾留物全体が乾留温度に達するまでに時間がかかり、また炉内中心部と周辺部での被乾留物の温度差により乾留ムラが生じるという問題があった。一方、その対策として炉体温度を高くすると、炉壁周辺の被乾留物が過熱され、アルミ缶が局部的に溶融するという問題があった。   In the induction heating type carbonization furnace described above, the heat of the furnace body is transmitted to the material to be dried by radiation or heat conduction from the furnace wall, but the material to be dried at the center of the furnace body receives radiation from the furnace wall. There is little, and since it is heated only by the heat conduction from the adjacent to-be-distilled material, it is hard to heat up. For this reason, it takes time for the entire dry matter in the furnace to reach the dry distillation temperature, and there is a problem in that dry distillation unevenness occurs due to the temperature difference between the dry matter in the center and the periphery of the furnace. On the other hand, when the furnace body temperature is raised as a countermeasure, there is a problem that the material to be dried around the furnace wall is overheated and the aluminum can is locally melted.

そこで、この発明の課題は、炉内の被乾留物全体を均一かつ迅速に昇温させ、乾留処理時間の短縮と乾留品質の向上を図ることにある。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to uniformly and quickly raise the temperature of the entire dry matter in the furnace, thereby shortening the dry distillation time and improving the dry distillation quality.

上記課題を解決するために、この発明は、不活性ガス雰囲気を形成する断熱槽の内部に炉体が設置され、被乾留物を収容した前記炉体を誘導加熱することにより前記被乾留物を乾留処理する誘導加熱式乾留炉において、炉内にファンを設置し、このファンにより炉内ガスを強制循環させるとともに、前記炉内ガスの循環流が衝突する前記断熱槽の内壁面に耐磨耗材を装着するものとする（請求項１）。   In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention is configured such that a furnace body is installed inside a heat insulating tank that forms an inert gas atmosphere, and the furnace body containing the material to be dried is induction-heated to thereby induct the dry matter. In an induction heating type carbonization furnace for carbonization treatment, a fan is installed in the furnace, and the gas in the furnace is forcibly circulated by the fan, and a wear-resistant material is applied to the inner wall surface of the heat insulation tank where the circulating flow of the gas in the furnace collides. (Claim 1).

請求項１の発明によれば、炉内にファンを設け、このファンにより炉内ガスを被乾留物を通して強制的に循環させることにより、被乾留物を循環ガスからの熱伝達により加熱し、炉体中心部の被乾留物も速やかに昇温させることができる。一方、循環ガスには高分子化合物の乾留により生じた炭化物や金属缶同士の衝突により生じた金属紛などの固形粒子が混入しているので、これらの固形粒子により断熱材の表面が磨耗しやすい。断熱材が磨耗すると乾留炉の断熱性が低下し、投入電力の増大や被乾留物の昇温の遅延を招く。そこで、この発明では、炉内ガスの循環流が衝突する断熱槽の内壁面に耐磨耗材を装着し、断熱材を磨耗から保護するものとする。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, a fan is provided in the furnace, and the furnace gas is forcibly circulated through the substance to be dried through the fan, whereby the substance to be dried is heated by heat transfer from the circulating gas, The dry matter in the center of the body can also be quickly heated. On the other hand, the circulating gas contains solid particles such as carbides generated by dry distillation of polymer compounds and metal powders generated by collision between metal cans, so the surface of the heat insulating material is easily worn by these solid particles. . When the heat insulating material is worn, the heat insulating property of the dry distillation furnace is lowered, and the input power is increased and the temperature rise of the dry distillation object is delayed. Therefore, according to the present invention, a wear resistant material is attached to the inner wall surface of the heat insulating tank where the circulating gas flow in the furnace collides to protect the heat insulating material from wear.

請求項１の発明において、前記耐磨耗材は加熱コイルの磁束の作用を受けるので、非磁性材で構成するのがよい（請求項２）。   In the invention of claim 1, the wear-resistant material is preferably made of a non-magnetic material since it receives the action of the magnetic flux of the heating coil (invention 2).

この発明によれば、炉内の高温部の熱を循環ガスを介して低温部に伝え、被乾留物を短時間で均一に昇温させることが可能になるとともに、循環ガス中の固形物による断熱材の磨耗を抑えることができる、   According to the present invention, the heat of the high temperature part in the furnace is transmitted to the low temperature part via the circulating gas, and it becomes possible to uniformly raise the temperature of the to-be-dried product in a short time, and also due to the solid matter in the circulating gas. It can suppress the wear of insulation,

図１は、この発明の実施の形態を示す乾留炉の概略縦断面図である。図１において乾留炉は、不活性ガス雰囲気を形成する閉塞された円筒状の断熱槽１と、断熱槽１内に環状の通風空間２を介して同心的に設置された円筒状の炉体３と、断熱槽１の外側に配置された加熱コイル４と、炉体３の内部と通風空間２とを通して炉内ガスを循環させる遠心式のファン５とを備えている。   FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a dry distillation furnace showing an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a dry distillation furnace includes a closed cylindrical heat insulating tank 1 that forms an inert gas atmosphere, and a cylindrical furnace body 3 that is concentrically installed in the heat insulating tank 1 via an annular ventilation space 2. And a heating coil 4 disposed outside the heat insulating tank 1 and a centrifugal fan 5 that circulates the gas in the furnace through the inside of the furnace body 3 and the ventilation space 2.

キャスタブル断熱材からなる断熱槽１は、円筒体からなる本体１ａの上下に開閉可能な炉蓋１ｂ及び炉底１ｃを備えている。ファン５は炉蓋１ｂに支持され、炉外のモータ６で駆動される。炉体３は鉄からなり、底部に設けられたパンチングメタルなどからなる通風性の炉底板７上に被乾留物８を支持する。炉体３の上方部には、炉蓋１ｂとの間の間隙により通風口９が形成され、また炉体３の下端部には周方向の多数の窓穴からなる通風口１０が設けられている。炉体３の上端面には、ファン５の吸込み側と吐出し側とを仕切る環状の仕切板１１が取り付けられている。   A heat insulating tank 1 made of a castable heat insulating material includes a furnace lid 1b and a furnace bottom 1c that can be opened and closed above and below a main body 1a made of a cylindrical body. The fan 5 is supported by the furnace lid 1b and is driven by a motor 6 outside the furnace. The furnace body 3 is made of iron, and supports a to-be-dried product 8 on an air-permeable furnace bottom plate 7 made of punching metal or the like provided at the bottom. A ventilation hole 9 is formed in the upper part of the furnace body 3 by a gap with the furnace lid 1b, and a ventilation hole 10 consisting of a large number of window holes in the circumferential direction is provided at the lower end part of the furnace body 3. Yes. An annular partition plate 11 that partitions the suction side and the discharge side of the fan 5 is attached to the upper end surface of the furnace body 3.

図１に示した乾留炉による被乾留物８、ここでは例えば飲料缶の乾留処理について説明すると以下の通りである。まず、図示しない窒素タンクから不活性ガス（窒素ガス）を炉内に導入し、炉内を大気圧よりも若干高い圧力の不活性ガス雰囲気として大気（酸素）を遮断する。次いで、図示しないインバータ電源から、加熱コイル４に高周波電流を供給する。これにより、加熱コイル４が作る磁束が炉体３と鎖交し、この鎖交磁束を打ち消すように炉体３に誘導電流が生じて炉体３が抵抗損で発熱する。   The following is a description of the carbonization process of the material 8 to be distilled by the carbonization furnace shown in FIG. First, an inert gas (nitrogen gas) is introduced into a furnace from a nitrogen tank (not shown), and the atmosphere (oxygen) is shut off with the inside of the furnace as an inert gas atmosphere having a pressure slightly higher than atmospheric pressure. Next, a high frequency current is supplied to the heating coil 4 from an inverter power source (not shown). As a result, the magnetic flux generated by the heating coil 4 is linked to the furnace body 3, and an induction current is generated in the furnace body 3 so as to cancel the interlinkage magnetic flux, and the furnace body 3 generates heat due to resistance loss.

図示しない乾留炉の制御部は、炉体３の炉壁温度を図示しない温度センサで検出し、その温度が一定になるように加熱コイル４に供給する電力を制御する。いまの場合、乾留温度を例えば550℃とすれば、炉壁温度を例えば600℃に保つように制御する。炉壁温度が600℃で飽和したら、図示しない投入シュータを通して被乾留物８を炉内に投入する。この被乾留物８は炉底板７上に支持される。被乾留物８が投入されたら、ファン５を起動し、同時に図示しない排ガス処理装置を起動する。これで、被乾留物８の乾留処理が開始される。   A control unit of a dry distillation furnace (not shown) detects a furnace wall temperature of the furnace body 3 with a temperature sensor (not shown) and controls electric power supplied to the heating coil 4 so that the temperature becomes constant. In this case, if the dry distillation temperature is set to 550 ° C., for example, the furnace wall temperature is controlled to be maintained at 600 ° C., for example. When the furnace wall temperature is saturated at 600 ° C., the to-be-dried product 8 is put into the furnace through a charging shooter (not shown). The dry matter 8 is supported on the furnace bottom plate 7. When the to-be-dried material 8 is thrown in, the fan 5 will be started and the waste gas processing apparatus which is not shown in figure will be started simultaneously. Thereby, the carbonization process of the to-be-distilled material 8 is started.

炉内で被乾留物８は炉体３の壁面からの輻射・熱伝導、被乾留物同士の接触による熱伝導、炉内ガスからの熱伝達により加熱されて温度上昇し、被乾留物８が含む塗料など高分子化合物が熱分解され乾留ガスが発生する。その場合、炉体３内の中心部の被乾留物８は炉壁からの輻射を受けないので昇温しにくい。そこで、ファン５により実線矢印で示すように、炉内ガスを炉内中心部と通風空間２とを通して循環させる。この循環ガスは通風空間２を通過する間に炉壁と接触して加熱され、次いで通風口１０を通過して炉体３内に入り、中心部を上昇しながら被乾留物８を加熱した後、低温となって再び通風口９から通風空間２に送入される。これにより、炉内中心部の被乾留物８も迅速かつ均一に加熱される。   In the furnace, the material to be dried 8 is heated by radiation / heat conduction from the wall surface of the furnace body 3, heat conduction by contact between the materials to be dried, heat transfer from the gas in the furnace, and the temperature rises. Polymeric compounds such as paints are pyrolyzed to generate dry distillation gas. In that case, since the to-be-dried material 8 in the center part in the furnace body 3 does not receive radiation from the furnace wall, it is difficult to raise the temperature. Therefore, as indicated by a solid arrow by the fan 5, the furnace gas is circulated through the furnace center and the ventilation space 2. This circulating gas is heated in contact with the furnace wall while passing through the ventilation space 2, then passes through the ventilation hole 10 and enters the furnace body 3, and heats the dry distillation object 8 while ascending the center part. Then, the temperature is lowered, and the air is again sent into the ventilation space 2 from the ventilation opening 9. Thereby, the to-be-dried material 8 of the center part in a furnace is also heated rapidly and uniformly.

ここで、炉内ガスの循環流が衝突する断熱槽１の内壁面に、耐磨耗材１２及び１３が装着されている。耐磨耗材１２は円筒状で、ファン５から半径方向に吐出された循環ガスが本体１ａの上部に直角に衝突して、方向が９０度変えられる個所に設けられている。また、耐磨耗材１３は環状で、通風空間２を降下した循環ガスが炉底１ｃに直角に衝突して、方向が９０度変えられる個所に設けられている。耐磨耗材１２，１３はステンレスやセラミックなどの非磁性材からなり、耐熱性の接着材により貼り付けられている。   Here, the wear-resistant materials 12 and 13 are attached to the inner wall surface of the heat insulating tank 1 where the circulating gas flow in the furnace collides. The wear-resistant material 12 has a cylindrical shape, and is provided at a location where the circulating gas discharged in the radial direction from the fan 5 collides with the upper portion of the main body 1a at a right angle and the direction is changed by 90 degrees. Further, the wear-resistant material 13 is annular, and is provided at a place where the circulating gas descending the ventilation space 2 collides with the furnace bottom 1c at a right angle and the direction is changed by 90 degrees. The wear-resistant materials 12 and 13 are made of a non-magnetic material such as stainless steel or ceramic, and are affixed with a heat-resistant adhesive.

炉内ガスは、破線矢印で示すように逆方向に循環させることも可能である。その場合には、円筒状の耐磨耗材１４を本体１ａの下部に装着し、環状の耐磨耗材１５を炉蓋１ａに装着する。図２に示すように、耐磨耗材１２〜１５の幅Ｌは経済面から、循環ガスの噴出し幅をＷ、噴出し口から耐磨耗材１２〜１５までの距離をＨとして、Ｌ＝Ｗ＋２Ｈとすれば十分である。   The in-furnace gas can be circulated in the reverse direction as indicated by the broken line arrows. In that case, the cylindrical wear-resistant material 14 is attached to the lower part of the main body 1a, and the annular wear-resistant material 15 is attached to the furnace lid 1a. As shown in FIG. 2, the width L of the wear-resistant materials 12 to 15 is L = W + 2H from the economic viewpoint, where W is the circulation width of the circulating gas and H is the distance from the outlet to the wear-resistant materials 12 to 15. Is enough.

この発明の実施の形態を示す乾留炉の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the dry distillation furnace which shows embodiment of this invention. 図１の乾留炉における耐磨耗材の寸法関係を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the dimensional relationship of the wear-resistant material in the carbonization furnace of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

３ 炉体
４ 加熱コイル
５ ファン
８ 被乾留物
１２ 耐磨耗材
１３ 耐磨耗材
１４ 耐磨耗材
１５ 耐磨耗材
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Furnace 4 Heating coil 5 Fan 8 Distillate 12 Abrasion resistant material 13 Abrasion resistant material 14 Abrasion resistant material 15 Abrasion resistant material

Claims (2)

不活性ガス雰囲気を形成する断熱槽の内部に炉体が設置され、被乾留物を収容した前記炉体を誘導加熱することにより前記被乾留物を乾留処理する誘導加熱式乾留炉において、
炉内にファンを設置し、このファンにより炉内ガスを強制循環させるとともに、前記炉内ガスの循環流が衝突する前記断熱槽の内壁面に耐磨耗材を装着したことを特徴とする誘導加熱式乾留炉。 In the induction heating type carbonization furnace in which the furnace body is installed inside the heat insulation tank forming an inert gas atmosphere, and the furnace body containing the material to be dried is induction-heated to perform the carbonization treatment of the material to be dried,
Induction heating characterized by installing a fan in the furnace and forcibly circulating the gas in the furnace with the fan, and wearing an anti-wear material on the inner wall surface of the heat insulation tank where the circulating gas flow collides with the fan. Type dry distillation furnace. 前記耐磨耗材を非磁性材で構成したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の誘導加熱式乾留炉。
2. The induction heating type carbonization furnace according to claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant material is made of a non-magnetic material.
JP2003315223A 2003-09-08 2003-09-08 Induction heating type distillation furnace Expired - Fee Related JP4009908B2 (en)

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