JP2005034743A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently crush various kinds of substances containing soft materials to be crushed in a stable shape in a simple and economical manner. <P>SOLUTION: Upper and lower treatment chambers 9, 10 in two stages are formed in the lower side of a hopper 2 for storing molded wastes S of soft and elastic materials and fixation bottom plates 11, 13 are installed in the bottom part of the treatment chamber. The motor 18 is installed in the lower part of a base stand 5 and a driving shaft 20 is joined to the output shaft 18a of the motor 18. Rotation plates 23, 24 are attached to the driving shaft and pushed to the fixation bottom plates 11, 13 by spring coils 30, 31. A plurality of holes 35, 39 for dropping the molded wastes S are formed in the fixation bottom plates and fixed blades are formed in the inner rims of the holes. Rotary blades are formed in the front rims of the rotation plates in the rotation direction to crush the molded wastes coming out of the holes downward by shearing action of the rotary blades and the fixed blades. The hole 39 in the lower stage is made smaller than the hole 35 in the upper stage and coarse crushing is carried out in the upper stage treatment chamber 9 and finishing crushing in the lower stage treatment chamber 10. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、成形廃棄物、陶土塊その他の各種被破砕物を破砕するための破砕機に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a crusher for crushing molded waste, ceramic clay lumps and other various objects to be crushed.

従来、スプル、ランナ等の成形廃棄物を粒状に破砕して、成形材料として再生する破砕機が知られている。例えば、特許文献１には、硬質合成樹脂等の剛性材料よりなる成形廃棄物を多数枚の回転破砕刃と固定破砕刃とで粗く破砕したのち、櫛形の揺動剪断刃と櫛形の固定剪断刃とにより粒状に押し切りする粒断機が記載されている。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, crushers are known that crush molding waste such as sprues and runners into granules and regenerate them as molding materials. For example, in Patent Document 1, a molding waste made of a rigid material such as a hard synthetic resin is roughly crushed with a large number of rotating crushing blades and fixed crushing blades, and then a comb-shaped oscillating shearing blade and a comb-shaped fixed shearing blade. And a granulator that pushes into a granular form is described.

しかし、エラストマー、ゴム、軟質合成樹脂等の柔軟な弾性材料よりなる成形廃棄物は、粒状に切断しにくく（例えば、切断し切れなかった部位で繋がって捩れた状態となる）、成形材料としてリサイクルするのが困難であった。そこで、特許文献１に記載されたタイプの粒断機において、櫛形剪断刃の噛合クリアランスを０．０３ｍｍ以下に設定し、柔軟弾性廃棄物の破砕を可能にしたソフト材専用機が開発されている。
特開平１０−１１８５１５号公報 However, molding waste made of a flexible elastic material such as elastomer, rubber, or soft synthetic resin is difficult to cut into granules (for example, it becomes connected and twisted at portions that cannot be cut) and is recycled as a molding material. It was difficult to do. Therefore, in the granulator of the type described in Patent Document 1, a dedicated machine for soft materials has been developed in which the meshing clearance of the comb-shaped shear blade is set to 0.03 mm or less, and the flexible elastic waste can be crushed. .
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-118515

ところが、従来のソフト材専用機によると、次のような問題点があった。
（１）破砕刃及び剪断刃の枚数が増え、高い組付精度が要求され、構成が複雑で、製作費が高くつく。
（２）上段の破砕刃と下段の剪断刃とが共に水平方向に配列されているため、機械全体が大型化し、設置スペースが拡大する。
（３）機械が重く、工場内での移動が困難である。 However, according to the conventional software material dedicated machine, there are the following problems.
(1) The number of crushing blades and shearing blades is increased, high assembling accuracy is required, the configuration is complicated, and the production cost is high.
(2) Since the upper crushing blades and the lower crushing blades are both arranged in the horizontal direction, the entire machine becomes larger and the installation space is expanded.
(3) The machine is heavy and difficult to move within the factory.

（４）揺動剪断刃が往復運動するため、切断動作に無駄があり、単位時間あたりの処理量が少なくなる。
（５）剪断刃が発熱しやすいため、被破砕物を間欠投入する必要があり、連続投入ができず、処理量が制限される。
（６）エラストマーやゴムや軟質合成樹脂等の弾性材は、刃体に絡み付きやすく、前記の通り繋がって捩れたり、綿状にまとまったりして、破砕後の形状が不安定で、成形材料として再利用できない場合がある。
（７）柔軟材中に硬質材が混入すると、剪断刃が欠けやすくなるため、投入材料の選別を厳密に行う面倒がある。 (4) Since the oscillating shearing blade reciprocates, the cutting operation is wasted and the processing amount per unit time is reduced.
(5) Since the shearing blade tends to generate heat, it is necessary to intermittently throw in the material to be crushed, and continuous feeding cannot be performed, and the processing amount is limited.
(6) Elastic materials such as elastomers, rubber, and soft synthetic resins are easily entangled with the blade body, connected as described above, twisted, gathered into a cotton shape, and the shape after crushing is unstable, and as a molding material It may not be reusable.
(7) When a hard material is mixed in the flexible material, the shearing blade is likely to be chipped.

本発明の目的は、上記課題を解決し、簡単で安価な構成により、弾性材を含む各種の被破砕物を安定した形状で能率よく破砕できる破砕機を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide a crusher that can solve the above-mentioned problems and can efficiently crush various crushed objects including elastic materials in a stable shape with a simple and inexpensive configuration.

上記の課題を解決するために、本発明の破砕機は、囲壁と固定底板とを備え上方から被破砕物が供給される処理室を少なくとも上下２段に形成し、上段の処理室の固定底板には相対的に開口面積の大きい穴を、下段の処理室の固定底板には相対的に開口面積の小さい穴を、それぞれ複数開けて各穴の内縁の一部を固定刃とし、自身の中心から放射状に延びて該中心の回りに回転する回転板を各固定底板の上に接して設けて各回転板の回転方向前縁を回転刃とし、各処理室で固定刃より下方へ食み出した被破砕物を固定刃と回転刃との剪断作用により破砕するように構成したことを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-described problems, the crusher of the present invention includes a surrounding wall and a fixed bottom plate, and forms at least two upper and lower processing chambers to which an object to be crushed is supplied from above, and the fixed bottom plate of the upper processing chamber. A hole with a relatively large opening area, a plurality of holes with a relatively small opening area in the fixed bottom plate of the lower processing chamber, and a part of the inner edge of each hole as a fixed blade. A rotating plate that extends radially from the center and rotates around the center is provided in contact with each fixed bottom plate, and the rotation direction leading edge of each rotating plate is used as a rotating blade, and protrudes downward from the fixed blade in each processing chamber. The object to be crushed is configured to be crushed by the shearing action of the fixed blade and the rotary blade.

上記構成によれば、上段の処理室において、被破砕物が相対的に大きく開口した穴に落ち込んで固定刃より下方へ食み出し、固定刃と回転刃とで粗く破砕される。下段の処理室では、上段で破砕済みの被破砕物が相対的に小さく開口した穴に落ち込んで固定刃より下方へ食み出し、固定刃と回転刃とで上段よりもさらに細かく破砕される。従って、上段の処理室では、単位時間あたりの処理量を高め、被破砕物の連続投入を可能とし、下段の処理室からは、大きさが揃った粒状物を回収することができる。穴の大きさは、各処理室に上方から供給される被破砕物の少なくとも一部が固定刃から下方へ食み出しうる大きさ以上であって、かつ、破砕前の同被破砕物が穴から連続的に落下してしまうほど大きくはない程度の大きさが好ましい。   According to the above configuration, in the upper processing chamber, the object to be crushed falls into a hole having a relatively large opening, protrudes downward from the fixed blade, and is roughly crushed by the fixed blade and the rotary blade. In the lower processing chamber, the object to be crushed in the upper stage falls into a relatively small opening and protrudes downward from the fixed blade, and is further crushed by the fixed blade and the rotary blade more finely than the upper stage. Therefore, in the upper processing chamber, the processing amount per unit time can be increased, and the material to be crushed can be continuously fed. From the lower processing chamber, the granular materials having the same size can be recovered. The size of the hole is not less than a size that allows at least a part of the object to be crushed supplied from above to each processing chamber to protrude downward from the fixed blade, and the object to be crushed before crushing is a hole. It is preferable that the size is not so large that it continuously falls from the top.

ここで、被破砕物としては、特に限定されないが、成形廃棄物、木材廃棄物、食用材料、肥料、飼料等の固形物（ばら物）を例示できる。成形廃棄物は、エラストマー、ゴム、軟質合成樹脂等の弾性材料よりなるものでも、硬質合成樹脂よりなる硬質材料よりなるものでも破砕可能である。また、固形物のみで水を含まない乾性被破砕物のほか、固形物に水を混ぜた湿性被破砕物、例えば、陶土塊と水とを含む泥、セメント塊に水を混ぜたセメントスラリー等も破砕可能である。   Here, the material to be crushed is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include solids (rose) such as molded waste, wood waste, edible material, fertilizer, and feed. The molding waste can be crushed by either an elastic material such as an elastomer, rubber, or a soft synthetic resin, or a hard material made of a hard synthetic resin. In addition to dry crushed objects that are solid only and do not contain water, wet crushed objects in which water is mixed with solids, such as mud containing porcelain clay and water, cement slurry in which water is mixed into cement lumps, etc. Can also be crushed.

破砕機の全体的構成は、設置面積を縮小できる点で、縦長であるのが好ましい。例えば、機体の上端に被破砕物を貯留するホッパーを設け、ホッパーの下側に上下２段の処理室を形成するとよい。処理室の段数は２段に限定されず、処理室を上下に３段、４段又はそれ以上に形成し、被破砕物を粗破砕したのち、中程度に破砕し、さらに仕上破砕できるように構成することも可能である。この場合、各処理室の固定底板に、穴を下側ほど順次小さくなるように開ける。   The overall configuration of the crusher is preferably vertically long in that the installation area can be reduced. For example, a hopper for storing the object to be crushed may be provided at the upper end of the machine body, and two upper and lower processing chambers may be formed below the hopper. The number of stages in the processing chamber is not limited to two, so that the processing chamber can be formed into three, four, or more stages in the top and bottom, and after roughly crushing the material to be crushed, it can be crushed to a medium level and further crushed by finishing. It is also possible to configure. In this case, holes are formed in the fixed bottom plate of each processing chamber so that the holes are sequentially smaller toward the lower side.

回転板の駆動方式は、手動でもよく、モータ駆動でもよい。モータ駆動の場合は、破砕機の重心を低くできる点で、モータを機体の下部に設置するのが好ましい。例えば、最下段の固定底板より下方にモータを設置し、該モータの出力軸に各固定底板を貫通する駆動軸を連結し、駆動軸に各回転板の中心を取り付けるとよい。また、被破砕物が回転板と固定底板との間に挟まらないように、回転板を付勢部材により常に固定底板に付勢して押し付けるように構成するとよい。   The rotating plate may be driven manually or by a motor. In the case of motor drive, it is preferable to install the motor at the lower part of the machine body in that the center of gravity of the crusher can be lowered. For example, a motor may be installed below the lowermost fixed bottom plate, a drive shaft passing through each fixed bottom plate may be connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the center of each rotary plate may be attached to the drive shaft. Moreover, it is good to comprise so that a to-be-crushed object may be always urged | biased and pressed against a fixed bottom board by a biasing member so that a to-be-crushed object may not be pinched | interposed between a rotating board and a fixed bottom board.

穴の形状は、特に限定されず、平面円形、楕円形、四角形、三角形等を例示できる。固定刃の形状は、直線でも曲線でもよいが、被破砕物を捕捉可能な形状が好ましい。例えば、穴を平面円形状にすることにより、固定刃を平面凹形状にするとよい。固定刃の切れ味をよくするためには、また、固定底板の上面が摩耗しても固定刃の切れ味を維持するためには、固定底板の穴の内縁を下側ほど拡径状にえぐることにより、固定刃のすくい角を１０度以上、好ましくは２０〜４５度に設定するとよい。   The shape of the hole is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a plane circle, an ellipse, a quadrangle, and a triangle. The shape of the fixed blade may be a straight line or a curved line, but a shape capable of capturing the object to be crushed is preferable. For example, it is good to make a fixed blade into a plane concave shape by making a hole into a plane circle shape. In order to improve the sharpness of the fixed blade, and to maintain the sharpness of the fixed blade even when the upper surface of the fixed bottom plate is worn, the inner edge of the hole of the fixed bottom plate is expanded to the lower side. The rake angle of the fixed blade is set to 10 degrees or more, preferably 20 to 45 degrees.

回転板は、特定の形状に限定されず、例えば、２枚の翼部を自身の中心から放射状に延びるように備えた平面短冊形状のもの、４枚の翼部を備えた平面十字形状のもの、その他、１〜８枚程度の翼部を放射状に備えた形状のものを使用できる。回転刃の形状は、平面直線でも平面曲線でもよい。回転刃のすくい角は、特に限定されず、多くの破砕物に対しては３０度以上とすることが好ましいが、刃を痛めやすい破砕物に対しては３０度未満とすることが好ましいこともある。次に２つの具体例を示す。
（１）被破砕物が弾性材料よりなる成形廃棄物である場合は、これを確実に捕捉して切断できるように、各回転板の回転方向前縁を平面凹形状とし、該前縁に形成する回転刃のすくい角を３０度以上、好ましくは４０〜６０度に設定するとよい。
（２）被破砕物が陶土塊と水とを含む泥である場合は、陶土塊が接しても刃が痛みにくいようになる点と、泥水中の陶土塊を効率よく圧潰できる点で、各回転刃のすくい角を３０度未満、好ましくは０〜１５度に設定するとよい。 The rotary plate is not limited to a specific shape, for example, a flat strip shape having two wings extending radially from its center, and a flat cross shape having four wings. In addition, the thing of the shape provided with about 1-8 wings radially can be used. The shape of the rotary blade may be a plane straight line or a plane curve. The rake angle of the rotary blade is not particularly limited, and it is preferably 30 degrees or more for many crushed materials, but it is preferably less than 30 degrees for crushed materials that tend to damage the blade. is there. Two specific examples are shown below.
(1) When the object to be crushed is a molding waste made of an elastic material, the front edge in the rotational direction of each rotating plate is formed in a flat concave shape so that it can be reliably captured and cut. The rake angle of the rotating blade is set to 30 degrees or more, preferably 40 to 60 degrees.
(2) When the object to be crushed is mud containing porcelain blocks and water, the blades will not be painful even if the porcelain blocks touch, and the porcelain blocks in the mud can be efficiently crushed. The rake angle of the rotary blade may be set to less than 30 degrees, preferably 0 to 15 degrees.

さらに、破砕機を各種の被破砕物に汎用できるように、各回転板の回転方向を正転のみならず逆転可能に構成し、各回転板の正転時の回転方向前縁を平面凹形状とし、該前縁に形成する回転刃のすくい角を３０度以上とし、逆転時の回転方向前縁にはすくい角が３０度未満の回転刃を別に形成するとよい。正転時と逆転時とで別の被破砕物に対応することができるからである。   In addition, the rotation direction of each rotating plate can be reversed as well as normal rotation so that the crusher can be used for various types of objects to be crushed. It is preferable that the rake angle of the rotary blade formed on the front edge is 30 degrees or more, and a rotary blade having a rake angle of less than 30 degrees is separately formed on the front edge in the rotation direction during reverse rotation. It is because it can respond to another to-be-crushed object at the time of forward rotation and reverse rotation.

本発明に係る破砕機によれば、簡単で安価な構成により、各種の被破砕物を安定した形状で能率よく破砕できるという効果を奏する。   According to the crusher which concerns on this invention, there exists an effect that various to-be-crushed objects can be efficiently crushed with the stable shape by simple and cheap structure.

囲壁と固定底板とを備え上方から被破砕物が供給される処理室を少なくとも上下２段に形成する。上段の処理室の固定底板には相対的に開口面積の大きい穴を、下段の処理室の固定底板には相対的に開口面積の小さい穴を、それぞれ複数開けて各穴の内縁の一部を固定刃とする。自身の中心から放射状に延びて該中心の回りに回転する回転板を各固定底板の上に接して設けて各回転板の回転方向前縁を回転刃とする。このようにして、各処理室で固定刃より下方へ食み出した被破砕物を固定刃と回転する回転刃との剪断作用により破砕するように構成する。また、最下段の固定底板より下方にモータを設置し、該モータの出力軸に各固定底板を貫通する駆動軸を連結し、駆動軸に各回転板の中心を取り付けるとよい。さらに、付勢部材により常に回転板を固定底板に付勢して押し付けるようにするとよい。   A processing chamber provided with a surrounding wall and a fixed bottom plate and supplied with a material to be crushed from above is formed in at least two stages. Open a hole with a relatively large opening area in the fixed bottom plate of the upper processing chamber and a plurality of holes with a relatively small opening area in the fixed bottom plate of the lower processing chamber to form part of the inner edge of each hole. Use a fixed blade. A rotating plate that extends radially from the center of the rotating plate and rotates around the center is provided on each fixed bottom plate, and the leading edge in the rotational direction of each rotating plate is used as a rotating blade. In this manner, the object to be crushed that protrudes downward from the fixed blade in each processing chamber is crushed by the shearing action of the fixed blade and the rotating rotary blade. In addition, a motor may be installed below the lowermost fixed bottom plate, a drive shaft that passes through each fixed bottom plate may be connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the center of each rotary plate may be attached to the drive shaft. Further, it is preferable that the rotating plate is always urged and pressed against the fixed bottom plate by the urging member.

まず、本発明の実施例１を図１〜図６に基づいて説明する。この破砕機は、被破砕物として（限定されるわけではないが）とりわけエラストマーやゴムや軟質合成樹脂等の弾性材料よりなるスプルー部、ゲート部等の成形廃棄物Ｓを適当な粒状に破砕できるように設計されたものである。この成形廃棄物Ｓの形状はまちまちであってそれぞれ異形であり、大きさは最長方向の長さで４０〜１００ｍｍ程度のものである。図１，図２に示すように、破砕機１の上端にはホッパー２が設けられ、ここにスプル、ランナ、ゲート等の柔軟な成形廃棄物Ｓが貯留される。ホッパー２は上下一対の円筒体３，４を介して基台５上に取り付けられ、破砕機１が全体として縦長に構成されている。基台５には、破砕機１を成形工場等の床面上で手で押して移動できるように、ハンドル６とキャスター７とが設けられている。   First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This crusher can crush molding waste S, such as sprue parts and gate parts made of an elastic material such as elastomer, rubber, or soft synthetic resin, to an appropriate granular shape (but not limited to). It is designed as follows. The shape of the molding waste S is various and different, and the size is about 40 to 100 mm in the longest direction. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a hopper 2 is provided at the upper end of the crusher 1, and flexible molding waste S such as a sprue, a runner, and a gate is stored therein. The hopper 2 is mounted on the base 5 via a pair of upper and lower cylindrical bodies 3 and 4, and the crusher 1 is configured to be vertically long as a whole. The base 5 is provided with a handle 6 and a caster 7 so that the crusher 1 can be moved by pushing it manually on the floor of a molding factory or the like.

ホッパー２の下側には、円筒体３，４により上下２段の処理室９，１０が形成され、ホッパー２内の成形廃棄物Ｓが上方から上段処理室９に供給される。上段処理室９は、円筒体３を囲壁とし、底部に固定底板１１を備えている。固定底板１１の周縁部は、円筒体３，４のフランジ部３ａ，４ａにボルト１２で締め付けられている。下段処理室１０は、円筒体４を囲壁とし、底部に固定底板１３を備えている。固定底板１３の周縁部は、下側の円筒体４のフランジ部４ｂと基台５の上板５ａとにボルト１４で締め付けられている。ホッパー２のフランジ部２ａは上側の円筒体３のフランジ部３ｂにボルト１５で締め付けられている。円筒体３，４には、処理室９，１０を点検するための窓４３と透明板４４とが設けられている。   On the lower side of the hopper 2, the upper and lower processing chambers 9 and 10 are formed by the cylindrical bodies 3 and 4, and the molding waste S in the hopper 2 is supplied to the upper processing chamber 9 from above. The upper processing chamber 9 has a cylindrical body 3 as a surrounding wall and includes a fixed bottom plate 11 at the bottom. The peripheral edge portion of the fixed bottom plate 11 is fastened with bolts 12 to the flange portions 3 a and 4 a of the cylindrical bodies 3 and 4. The lower processing chamber 10 has a cylindrical body 4 as a surrounding wall and includes a fixed bottom plate 13 at the bottom. The peripheral edge portion of the fixed bottom plate 13 is fastened to the flange portion 4 b of the lower cylindrical body 4 and the upper plate 5 a of the base 5 with bolts 14. The flange portion 2 a of the hopper 2 is fastened with a bolt 15 to the flange portion 3 b of the upper cylindrical body 3. The cylindrical bodies 3 and 4 are provided with a window 43 and a transparent plate 44 for inspecting the processing chambers 9 and 10.

基台５の内側には、シュータ１７とモータ１８とが設置されている。シュータ１７のフランジ部１７ａは固定底板１３に前記ボルト１４で共締めされ、排出口１７ｂは基台５の外側に露出している。モータ１８は下段の固定底板１３より下方に設置され、その出力軸１８ａにカップリング１９を介し駆動軸２０が垂直に連結されている。駆動軸２０は固定底板１１，１３を貫通し、上端部がベアリング２１で上段の固定底板１１に支持され、中間部がベアリング２２で下段の固定底板１３に支持されている。そして、駆動軸２０に上下２枚の回転板２３，２４が、固定底板１１，１３の上面に接合する状態で、キー２５，２６（図３，図４参照）により一体回転可能に取り付けられている。   A shooter 17 and a motor 18 are installed inside the base 5. The flange portion 17 a of the shooter 17 is fastened to the fixed bottom plate 13 with the bolt 14, and the discharge port 17 b is exposed to the outside of the base 5. The motor 18 is installed below the lower fixed base plate 13, and a drive shaft 20 is vertically connected to an output shaft 18 a via a coupling 19. The drive shaft 20 passes through the fixed bottom plates 11 and 13, and an upper end portion is supported by the upper fixed bottom plate 11 with a bearing 21, and an intermediate portion is supported by the lower fixed bottom plate 13 with a bearing 22. Then, two upper and lower rotary plates 23 and 24 are attached to the drive shaft 20 so as to be integrally rotatable with keys 25 and 26 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) in a state where the rotary plates 23 and 24 are joined to the upper surfaces of the fixed bottom plates 11 and 13. Yes.

駆動軸２０の上端には止め板２８がボルト２９で取り付けられ、止め板２８と上側の回転板２３のボス部２３ａとの間に、回転板２３を常に固定底板１１に付勢して押し付ける付勢部材としてのコイルスプリング３０（皿バネでもよい）が介装されている。また、上側のベアリング２１と下側の回転板２４のボス部２４ａとの間には、回転板２４を常に固定底板１３に付勢して押し付ける付勢部材としてのコイルスプリング３１と、これを収容するパイプ３２とが介装されている。シュータ１７には駆動軸２０を通すスリーブ３３が設けられている。   A stop plate 28 is attached to the upper end of the drive shaft 20 with bolts 29, and the rotary plate 23 is always urged and pressed against the fixed bottom plate 11 between the stop plate 28 and the boss portion 23a of the upper rotary plate 23. A coil spring 30 (which may be a disc spring) is interposed as a biasing member. Further, between the upper bearing 21 and the boss portion 24a of the lower rotating plate 24, a coil spring 31 as an urging member that constantly urges and presses the rotating plate 24 against the fixed bottom plate 13 is accommodated. A pipe 32 is interposed. The shooter 17 is provided with a sleeve 33 through which the drive shaft 20 passes.

図３に示すように、上段処理室９の固定底板１１には、複数個（例えば６個）の穴３５が開けられ、穴３５の内縁一部に固定刃３６が形成されている。穴３５を平面円形状とすることにより、固定刃３６は平面凹形状に形成されている。穴３５の開口面積は後述する下段の穴３９より大きく、その大きさは成形廃棄物Ｓの例えば半分程度が落ち込んで固定刃３６より下方へ食み出しうる大きさである直径約４０ｍｍ（３０〜６０ｍｍが適当）である。また、固定刃３６は、穴３５の周面を下側ほど拡径状にえぐることにより、すくい角θｓが約３０度となるように形成されている（図５ａ参照）。   As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of (for example, six) holes 35 are formed in the fixed bottom plate 11 of the upper processing chamber 9, and a fixed blade 36 is formed on a part of the inner edge of the hole 35. By making the hole 35 into a flat circular shape, the fixed blade 36 is formed in a flat concave shape. The opening area of the hole 35 is larger than that of a lower hole 39 described later, and the size thereof is about 40 mm (30 to 30 mm), which is a size that allows, for example, about half of the molding waste S to fall and protrude below the fixed blade 36. 60 mm is suitable). Further, the fixed blade 36 is formed so that the rake angle θs becomes about 30 degrees by passing the peripheral surface of the hole 35 in a diameter-expanding manner toward the lower side (see FIG. 5 a).

上段処理室９の回転板２３は、自身の中心に位置するボス部２３ａにて駆動軸２０に取り付けられ、モータ１８によりボス部２３ａの中心回りで回転される。回転板２３には、２枚の翼部２３ｂがボス部２３ａから相反する方向へ放射状に延びるように設けられ、両翼部２３ｂの回転方向前縁に、回転刃３７が平面凹形状（弓形）に形成されている。回転刃３７の大きさは、内径側で約６５ｍｍ（４０〜１００ｍｍが適当）、外径側で約２００ｍｍ（１５０〜３００ｍｍが適当）である。回転刃３７のすくい角θｒは約４５度に設定されていて、この回転刃３７と固定刃３６との剪断作用により、穴３５の固定刃３６より下方へ食み出した成形廃棄物Ｓが破砕される。   The rotating plate 23 of the upper processing chamber 9 is attached to the drive shaft 20 by a boss portion 23a located at the center of the upper processing chamber 9, and is rotated around the center of the boss portion 23a by a motor 18. The rotating plate 23 is provided with two wing portions 23b extending radially in opposite directions from the boss portion 23a, and a rotating blade 37 is formed in a flat concave shape (bow shape) at the leading edge in the rotating direction of both wing portions 23b. Is formed. The size of the rotary blade 37 is about 65 mm (appropriately 40 to 100 mm) on the inner diameter side and about 200 mm (appropriately 150 to 300 mm) on the outer diameter side. The rake angle θr of the rotary blade 37 is set to about 45 degrees, and the molding waste S that protrudes downward from the fixed blade 36 of the hole 35 by the shearing action of the rotary blade 37 and the fixed blade 36 is crushed. Is done.

図４に示すように、下段処理室１０の固定底板１３には、多数個（例えば１６個）の穴３９が開けられ、穴３９の内縁一部に固定刃４０が形成されている。穴３９を平面円形状とすることにより、固定刃４０は平面凹形状に形成されている。穴３９の開口面積は上段の穴３５より小さく、その大きさは上段で破砕された成形廃棄物Ｓの例えば半分程度が落ち込んで固定刃４０より下方へ食み出しうる大きさである直径約２５ｍｍ（１５〜３０ｍｍが適当）である。また、固定刃４０は、穴３９の周面を下側ほど拡径状にえぐることにより、すくい角θｓが約３０度となるように形成されている（図５ｂ参照）。   As shown in FIG. 4, a large number (for example, 16) of holes 39 are formed in the fixed bottom plate 13 of the lower processing chamber 10, and a fixed blade 40 is formed on a part of the inner edge of the hole 39. By making the hole 39 into a flat circular shape, the fixed blade 40 is formed into a flat concave shape. The opening area of the hole 39 is smaller than that of the upper hole 35, and the size of the hole 39 is about 25 mm in diameter, for example, about half of the molding waste S crushed in the upper stage falls down and can protrude below the fixed blade 40. (15-30 mm is suitable). Further, the fixed blade 40 is formed so that the rake angle θs is about 30 degrees by passing the peripheral surface of the hole 39 in a diameter-expanding manner toward the lower side (see FIG. 5 b).

下段処理室１０の回転板２４は、上段の回転板２３と同様、ボス部２４ａにて駆動軸２０に取り付けられ、モータ１８によって回転される。回転板２４には、２枚の翼部２４ｂが放射状に延びるように設けられ、両翼部２４ｂの回転方向前縁に、平面凹形状の回転刃４１が形成されている。回転刃４１のすくい角θｒは約４５度に設定されていて、この回転刃４１と固定刃４０との剪断作用により、穴３９の固定刃４０より下方へ食み出した成形廃棄物Ｓが破砕される。なお、成形廃棄物Ｓを捕捉して切断できるように、固定刃３６，４０は回転刃３７，４１と相対する部位で反対向きの凹形に形成されている。   The rotating plate 24 of the lower processing chamber 10 is attached to the drive shaft 20 by the boss portion 24 a and rotated by the motor 18, similarly to the upper rotating plate 23. The rotary plate 24 is provided with two blade portions 24b extending radially, and a rotary blade 41 having a concave surface is formed on the leading edge in the rotational direction of both blade portions 24b. The rake angle θr of the rotary blade 41 is set to about 45 degrees, and the molding waste S that protrudes downward from the fixed blade 40 of the hole 39 by the shearing action of the rotary blade 41 and the fixed blade 40 is crushed. Is done. In addition, the fixed blades 36 and 40 are formed in a concave shape in the opposite direction at a portion facing the rotary blades 37 and 41 so that the molding waste S can be captured and cut.

上記構成の破砕機１においては、成形機から排出された成形廃棄物Ｓがホッパー２に投入され、ホッパー２と上段処理室９とに貯留される。この状態で、モータ１８が起動されると、図５（ａ）に示すように、成形廃棄物Ｓが上段処理室９内で回転板２３により撹拌され、その一部が固定底板１１の穴３５に落ち込む。穴３５は相対的に大きな面積で開口しているので、成形廃棄物Ｓの例えば半分程度が穴３５の固定刃３６より下方へ食み出す。そして、食み出した成形廃棄物Ｓが平面凹形状の回転刃３７と固定刃３６との間に捕捉されて、外周方向へのはね飛ばしが防止され、両刃３７，３６の剪断作用によって破砕される。このため、上段処理室９では、ホッパー２から順次供給される大量の成形廃棄物Ｓを粗く破砕して、下段処理室１０に迅速に送り込むことができる。   In the crusher 1 configured as described above, the molding waste S discharged from the molding machine is charged into the hopper 2 and stored in the hopper 2 and the upper processing chamber 9. When the motor 18 is started in this state, as shown in FIG. 5A, the molding waste S is agitated by the rotating plate 23 in the upper processing chamber 9, and a part thereof is the hole 35 of the fixed bottom plate 11. Depressed. Since the hole 35 is opened with a relatively large area, for example, about half of the molding waste S protrudes below the fixed blade 36 of the hole 35. Then, the protruding molding waste S is caught between the plane concave rotary blade 37 and the fixed blade 36 to prevent splashing in the outer peripheral direction, and is crushed by the shearing action of both the blades 37 and 36. Is done. For this reason, in the upper stage processing chamber 9, a large amount of the molding waste S sequentially supplied from the hopper 2 can be roughly crushed and quickly fed into the lower stage processing chamber 10.

下段処理室１０においては、図５（ｂ）に示すように、上段で粗く破砕済みの成形廃棄物Ｓが回転板２４で撹拌され、その一部が固定底板１３の穴３９に落ち込む。穴３９は相対的に小さな面積で開口しているので、上段での破砕で小さくなった成形廃棄物Ｓはその例えば半分程度が穴３９の固定刃４０より下方へ食み出す。そして、食み出した成形廃棄物Ｓが平面凹形状の回転刃４１と固定刃４０との間に捕捉されて、外周方向へのはね飛ばしが防止され、両刃４１，４０の剪断作用によって破砕される。このため、下段処理室１０では、粗破砕後の成形廃棄物Ｓをさらに細かく仕上破砕し、成形材料に適した安定した粒形状のリサイクル材Ｒを再生することができる。なお、リサイクル材Ｒはシュータ１７を滑り落ち、排出口１７ｂから可搬容器（図示略）に回収される。   In the lower processing chamber 10, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the molding waste S that has been roughly crushed in the upper stage is stirred by the rotating plate 24, and a part thereof falls into the hole 39 of the fixed bottom plate 13. Since the hole 39 is opened with a relatively small area, for example, about half of the molding waste S that has been reduced by crushing in the upper stage protrudes downward from the fixed blade 40 of the hole 39. Then, the protruding molding waste S is captured between the plane concave rotary blade 41 and the fixed blade 40 to prevent splashing in the outer peripheral direction, and is crushed by the shearing action of both the blades 41, 40. Is done. For this reason, in the lower processing chamber 10, the molding waste S after the coarse crushing can be finely crushed and the recycled material R having a stable grain shape suitable for the molding material can be regenerated. The recycled material R slides down the shooter 17 and is collected from the discharge port 17b into a portable container (not shown).

従って、実施例１の破砕機１によれば、次のような効果を期待できる。
（ａ）破砕機構に４枚の刃体を設け、そのうち２枚の固定底板１１，１３を処理室９，１０の仕切板に兼用し、２枚の回転板２３，２４を成形廃棄物Ｓの撹拌羽根に兼用して、機械全体を少数の部品で簡単かつ安価に製作できる。
（ｂ）処理室９，１０及び刃体が上下方向に配列されているので、機械全体を縦長のスリムな形態で構成でき、設置面積（床占有スペース）を縮小できる。
（ｃ）機械重量が軽く、しかもモータ１８が機械重心を低くしているので、縦長であっても安定性がよく、工場内での移動が容易である。 Therefore, according to the crusher 1 of Example 1, the following effects can be expected.
(A) Four blade bodies are provided in the crushing mechanism, of which the two fixed bottom plates 11 and 13 are also used as the partition plates of the processing chambers 9 and 10, and the two rotating plates 23 and 24 are formed of the molding waste S. The entire machine can be easily and inexpensively manufactured with a small number of parts by using it as a stirring blade.
(B) Since the processing chambers 9 and 10 and the blades are arranged in the vertical direction, the entire machine can be configured in a vertically long and slim form, and the installation area (floor occupying space) can be reduced.
(C) Since the machine weight is light and the motor 18 has a low center of gravity of the machine, even if it is vertically long, the stability is good and the movement within the factory is easy.

（ｄ）回転刃３７，４１の一方向の回転運動で成形廃棄物Ｓを破砕するため、動作に無駄がなく、単位時間あたりの処理量が増加する。
（ｅ）上段処理室９では、成形廃棄物Ｓが粗く高速に切断されるので、材料をホッパー２に連続投入して、処理量を高めることができる。
（ｆ）固定底板１１，１３に穴３５，３９が高比率の面積で開けられているので、固定底板１１，１３と回転板２３，２４との接触面積を小さくして、刃体の発熱を抑制できる。 (D) Since the molding waste S is crushed by the rotational movement of the rotary blades 37 and 41 in one direction, there is no waste in operation, and the processing amount per unit time increases.
(E) In the upper processing chamber 9, since the molding waste S is roughly cut at high speed, the material can be continuously fed into the hopper 2 to increase the processing amount.
(F) Since the holes 35 and 39 are formed in the fixed bottom plates 11 and 13 in a high ratio area, the contact area between the fixed bottom plates 11 and 13 and the rotating plates 23 and 24 is reduced, and the blade body generates heat. Can be suppressed.

（ｇ）回転刃３７，４１及び固定刃３６，４０が互いに反対向きの平面凹形状に形成されているので、成形廃棄物Ｓを両刃間に確実に捕捉してミスなく切断できる。
（ｈ）コイルスプリング３０，３１が回転板２３，２４を常に固定底板１１，１３に押し付けているので、エラストマーやゴム等の高弾性廃棄物の場合でも、シャープな切れ味が得られ、リサイクル材Ｒの大きさ及び形状が安定する。
（ｉ）回転刃３７，４１は回転により固定刃３６，４０に接触するので、押し切りによる場合と比較し、切断時の衝撃を緩和できる。このため、柔軟材中に硬質材が混入した場合でも、刃が欠けるおそれが少なく、投入材料を選別する手間を省くことができる。 (G) Since the rotary blades 37 and 41 and the fixed blades 36 and 40 are formed in a planar concave shape opposite to each other, the molding waste S can be reliably captured between the two blades and cut without error.
(H) Since the coil springs 30 and 31 always press the rotating plates 23 and 24 against the fixed bottom plates 11 and 13, even in the case of highly elastic waste such as elastomer or rubber, a sharp sharpness is obtained and the recycled material R Is stable in size and shape.
(I) Since the rotary blades 37 and 41 come into contact with the fixed blades 36 and 40 by rotation, the impact at the time of cutting can be reduced as compared with the case of pressing. For this reason, even when a hard material is mixed in the flexible material, there is little possibility that the blade is missing, and the labor for selecting the input material can be saved.

なお、実施例１の破砕機は、上記構成に限定されず、穴の形状を図６に示すように変更して実施することもできる。ここでは、上段処理室９の固定底板１１に四角形の穴４６が複数個開けられ、穴４６の内縁（四角形の二辺）に固定刃４７が回転刃３７と反対向きの凹形に形成されている。下段処理室の固定底板（図示略）には、上段の穴４６よりも小さな開口面積の四角形の穴が多数個開けられ、穴の周縁に凹形の固定刃が設けられている。   In addition, the crusher of Example 1 is not limited to the said structure, It can also implement by changing the shape of a hole as shown in FIG. Here, a plurality of square holes 46 are formed in the fixed bottom plate 11 of the upper processing chamber 9, and the fixed blade 47 is formed in a concave shape opposite to the rotary blade 37 on the inner edge (two sides of the square) of the hole 46. Yes. A fixed bottom plate (not shown) of the lower processing chamber is provided with a large number of square holes having an opening area smaller than that of the upper hole 46, and a concave fixed blade is provided at the periphery of the hole.

次に、本発明の実施例２を図７〜図１０に基づいて説明する。この破砕機では、陶土塊と水とを含む泥が被破砕物として処理され、泥のパイプ輸送に支障を来さないように、陶土塊が粒状に破砕される。図７に示すように、破砕機５１の全体は実施例１と同様に構成され、上端に陶土塊Ｃを含む泥が投入されるホッパー２を備え、ホッパー２の下側に上下２段の処理室９，１０が形成されている。なお、実施例１と同一の部材については各図に同一の符号が付されている。   Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this crusher, the mud containing the porcelain clay block and water is treated as a material to be crushed, and the porcelain clay block is crushed into granules so as not to hinder the transport of mud pipes. As shown in FIG. 7, the entire crusher 51 is configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The crusher 51 is provided with a hopper 2 into which mud containing the clay clay C is introduced at the upper end, and the upper and lower two-stage processing is performed below the hopper 2. Chambers 9 and 10 are formed. In addition, about the member same as Example 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to each figure.

図８に示すように、上段処理室９の固定底板１１には、陶土塊Ｃが落ち込みうる大径円形の穴５２と、泥水を通過させる小径円形の穴５３とが、それぞれ複数個（例えば９個）開けられている。大径の穴５２の内縁には、すくい角０度の固定刃５４が設けられている。回転板２３は、モータ１８（図２参照）により実施例１と反対の方向に回転され、２枚の翼部２３ｂの回転方向前縁に、すくい角０度の回転刃５５が設けられている。そして、図１０（ａ）に示すように、大径の穴５２の固定刃５４より下方へ食み出した陶土塊Ｃが、回転刃５５と固定刃５４との剪断作用によって粗く破砕されるようになっている。   As shown in FIG. 8, the fixed bottom plate 11 of the upper processing chamber 9 has a plurality of large-diameter circular holes 52 through which the clay clay mass C can drop and small-diameter circular holes 53 through which muddy water passes (for example, 9 Pieces) Open. A fixed blade 54 having a rake angle of 0 degrees is provided on the inner edge of the large-diameter hole 52. The rotating plate 23 is rotated in a direction opposite to that of the first embodiment by the motor 18 (see FIG. 2), and a rotary blade 55 having a rake angle of 0 degrees is provided at the front edge in the rotating direction of the two blade portions 23b. . Then, as shown in FIG. 10A, the porcelain mass C that protrudes downward from the fixed blade 54 of the large-diameter hole 52 is roughly crushed by the shearing action of the rotary blade 55 and the fixed blade 54. It has become.

図９に示すように、下段処理室１０の固定底板１３には、破砕済みの陶土塊Ｃが各所で落ち込むように、多数個（例えば２８個）の穴５６が開けられている。穴５６は固定底板１１の穴５２よりも小さな開口面積の円形に形成され、穴５６の内縁にすくい角０度の固定刃５７が設けられている。回転板２４は、上側の回転板２３と同じ方向へ回転され、２枚の翼部２４ｂの回転方向前縁にすくい角０度の回転刃５８が設けられている。そして、図１０（ｂ）に示すように、穴５６の固定刃５７より下に食み出した陶土塊Ｃが、回転刃５８と固定刃５７との剪断作用によって上段よりもさらに細かく破砕されるようになっている。   As shown in FIG. 9, a large number (for example, 28) of holes 56 are formed in the fixed bottom plate 13 of the lower processing chamber 10 so that the crushed porcelain block C falls in various places. The hole 56 is formed in a circular shape having a smaller opening area than the hole 52 of the fixed bottom plate 11, and a fixed blade 57 having a rake angle of 0 degrees is provided on the inner edge of the hole 56. The rotary plate 24 is rotated in the same direction as the upper rotary plate 23, and a rotary blade 58 having a rake angle of 0 degrees is provided at the leading edge in the rotational direction of the two blade portions 24b. Then, as shown in FIG. 10B, the porcelain clay block C that protrudes below the fixed blade 57 of the hole 56 is crushed more finely than the upper stage by the shearing action of the rotary blade 58 and the fixed blade 57. It is like that.

従って、実施例２の破砕機５１によれば、上下２段の処理室９，１０で粗破砕と仕上破砕の２工程を連続的に行い、陶土塊Ｃをパイプ輸送に支障を来さない程度の粒状に安定した形状で能率よく破砕することができる。なお、回転板２３，２４の回転方向後縁には、実施例１と同一の形状及びすくい角の回転刃３７，４１が形成されているので、回転板２３，２４の回転方向を変えることにより、この破砕機５１を各種の被破砕物に汎用することができる。ただし、陶土塊等の脆弱物の破砕に専用する場合には、回転板２３，２４から回転刃３７，４１を省いてもよい。   Therefore, according to the crusher 51 of Example 2, two steps of rough crushing and finish crushing are continuously performed in the upper and lower two-stage processing chambers 9 and 10 so that the ceramic clay block C does not hinder pipe transportation. It can be efficiently crushed with a stable shape. In addition, since the rotary blades 37 and 41 having the same shape and the rake angle as the first embodiment are formed at the rear edges of the rotary plates 23 and 24, the rotational direction of the rotary plates 23 and 24 can be changed. The crusher 51 can be widely used for various objects to be crushed. However, the rotary blades 37 and 41 may be omitted from the rotary plates 23 and 24 when dedicated to crushing fragile materials such as porcelain blocks.

本発明は前記実施例に限定されるものではなく、例えば以下のように、発明の趣旨から逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更して具体化することもできる。
（１）上段処理室の固定底板に円形の穴を開け、下段処理室の固定底板に四角形の穴を開けるなど、固定底板毎に穴の形状を変える。
（２）穴の形状を、三角形、五角形、六角形、楕円形等に変更する。
（３）回転刃の形状を、「Ｖ」字形又は「へ」字形等の凹形に変更する。
（４）上側の回転板に弓形の回転刃を形成し、下側の回転板に「へ」字形の回転刃を形成するなど、回転板毎に回転刃の形状を変える。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, as described below, the present invention can be appropriately modified and embodied without departing from the spirit of the invention.
(1) The shape of the hole is changed for each fixed bottom plate, such as making a circular hole in the fixed bottom plate of the upper processing chamber and making a square hole in the fixed bottom plate of the lower processing chamber.
(2) Change the shape of the hole to a triangle, pentagon, hexagon, ellipse, or the like.
(3) The shape of the rotary blade is changed to a concave shape such as a “V” shape or a “He” shape.
(4) The shape of the rotary blade is changed for each rotary plate, such as forming an arcuate rotary blade on the upper rotary plate and forming a “H” shaped rotary blade on the lower rotary plate.

本発明に係る破砕機の実施例１を示す外観斜視図である。It is an external appearance perspective view which shows Example 1 of the crusher which concerns on this invention. 図１の破砕機の内部構造を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the internal structure of the crusher of FIG. 図２のＩＩＩ−ＩＩＩ線断面図である。It is the III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 図２のＩＶ−ＩＶ線断面図である。It is the IV-IV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 図２の破砕機の作用を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the effect | action of the crusher of FIG. 実施例１の変更例を示す断面図である。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the first embodiment. 本発明に係る破砕機の実施例２を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows Example 2 of the crusher which concerns on this invention. 図７のＶＩＩＩ−ＶＩＩＩ線断面図である。It is the VIII-VIII sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 図７のＩＸ−ＩＸ線断面図である。It is the IX-IX sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 図７の破砕機の作用を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the effect | action of the crusher of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 破砕機
２ ホッパー
３ 円筒体（上段処理室の囲壁）
４ 円筒体（下段処理室の囲壁）
９ 上段処理室
１０ 下段処理室
１１ 上段の固定底板
１３ 下段の固定底板
１８ モータ
１８ａ 出力軸
２０ 駆動軸
２３ 上段の回転板
２４ 下段の回転板
３０ コイルスプリング
３１ コイルスプリング
３５ 穴
３６ 固定刃
３７ 回転刃
３９ 穴
４０ 固定刃
４１ 回転刃
４６ 穴
４７ 固定刃
５１ 破砕機
５２ 穴
５４ 固定刃
５５ 回転刃
５６ 穴
５７ 固定刃
５８ 回転刃
Ｓ 成形廃棄物
Ｃ 陶土塊 1 Crusher 2 Hopper 3 Cylinder (enclosure of upper processing chamber)
4 Cylindrical body (enclosure of lower processing chamber)
9 Upper processing chamber 10 Lower processing chamber 11 Upper fixed bottom plate 13 Lower fixed bottom plate 18 Motor 18a Output shaft 20 Drive shaft 23 Upper rotary plate 24 Lower rotary plate 30 Coil spring 31 Coil spring 35 Hole 36 Fixed blade 37 Rotary blade 39 hole 40 fixed blade 41 rotary blade 46 hole 47 fixed blade 51 crusher 52 hole 54 fixed blade 55 rotary blade 56 hole 57 fixed blade 58 rotary blade S molding waste C ceramic clay block

Claims (8)

囲壁と固定底板とを備え上方から被破砕物が供給される処理室を少なくとも上下２段に形成し、
上段の処理室の固定底板には相対的に開口面積の大きい穴を、下段の処理室の固定底板には相対的に開口面積の小さい穴を、それぞれ複数開けて各穴の内縁の一部を固定刃とし、
自身の中心から放射状に延びて該中心の回りに回転する回転板を各固定底板の上に接して設けて各回転板の回転方向前縁を回転刃とし、
各処理室で固定刃より下方へ食み出した被破砕物を固定刃と回転刃との剪断作用により破砕するように構成した破砕機。 A processing chamber provided with a surrounding wall and a fixed bottom plate and supplied with the material to be crushed from above is formed in at least two stages,
Open a hole with a relatively large opening area in the fixed bottom plate of the upper processing chamber and a plurality of holes with a relatively small opening area in the fixed bottom plate of the lower processing chamber to form part of the inner edge of each hole. A fixed blade,
A rotating plate that extends radially from its center and rotates around the center is provided on each fixed bottom plate, and the rotation direction leading edge of each rotating plate is a rotating blade,
A crusher configured to crush the object to be crushed below the fixed blade in each processing chamber by the shearing action of the fixed blade and the rotary blade. 最下段の固定底板より下方にモータを設置し、該モータの出力軸に各固定底板を貫通する駆動軸を連結し、駆動軸に各回転板の中心を取り付けた請求項１記載の破砕機。   The crusher according to claim 1, wherein a motor is installed below the lowermost fixed bottom plate, a drive shaft that passes through each fixed bottom plate is connected to an output shaft of the motor, and a center of each rotary plate is attached to the drive shaft. 付勢部材により常に回転板を固定底板に付勢して押し付けるようにした請求項１又は２記載の破砕機。   The crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the urging member always urges and presses the rotating plate against the fixed bottom plate. 穴を平面円形状にすることにより、固定刃を平面凹形状とした請求項１〜３のいずれか一項に記載の破砕機。   The crusher as described in any one of Claims 1-3 which made the fixed blade a plane concave shape by making a hole into a plane circular shape. 固定底板の穴の内縁を下側ほど拡径状にえぐることにより、固定刃のすくい角を１０度以上とした請求項１〜４のいずれか一項に記載の破砕機。   The crusher as described in any one of Claims 1-4 which made the rake angle of the fixed blade 10 degrees or more by passing out the inner edge of the hole of a fixed bottom plate so that it might become a diameter-expanding lower side. 被破砕物が弾性材料よりなる成形廃棄物であって、各回転板の回転方向前縁を平面凹形状とし、該前縁に形成する回転刃のすくい角を３０度以上とした請求項１〜５のいずれか一項に記載の破砕機。   The object to be crushed is a molding waste made of an elastic material, the front edge in the rotational direction of each rotating plate is a flat concave shape, and the rake angle of the rotary blade formed on the front edge is 30 degrees or more. The crusher according to any one of 5. 被破砕物が陶土塊と水とを含む泥であり、各回転刃のすくい角を３０度未満とした請求項１〜５のいずれか一項に記載の破砕機。   The crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the object to be crushed is mud containing a clay body and water, and the rake angle of each rotary blade is less than 30 degrees. 各回転板の回転方向を正転のみならず逆転可能に構成し、各回転板の正転時の回転方向前縁を平面凹形状として該前縁に形成する回転刃のすくい角を３０度以上とし、逆転時の回転方向前縁にはすくい角が３０度未満の回転刃を別に形成した請求項１〜５のいずれか一項に記載の破砕機。   The rotation direction of each rotating plate is configured to be able to reverse as well as forward rotation, and the rake angle of the rotating blade formed on the front edge is formed as a concave surface in the rotation direction at the time of normal rotation of each rotating plate is 30 degrees or more. And the crusher as described in any one of Claims 1-5 which formed separately the rotary blade whose rake angle is less than 30 degree | times at the rotation direction front edge at the time of reverse rotation.

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