JP2005031600A - Stringed instrument - Google Patents

Stringed instrument Download PDF

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JP2005031600A
JP2005031600A JP2003291831A JP2003291831A JP2005031600A JP 2005031600 A JP2005031600 A JP 2005031600A JP 2003291831 A JP2003291831 A JP 2003291831A JP 2003291831 A JP2003291831 A JP 2003291831A JP 2005031600 A JP2005031600 A JP 2005031600A
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stringed
instrument
plate
musical instrument
sound
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Katsuya Mikura
克也 三倉
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stringed instrument which has superior acoustic, functional, design, cost, mass-productivity, and musical performance characteristics while having the new feature that a main body is formed of hierarchically stacked plate materials. <P>SOLUTION: This stringed instrument is characterized on the whole in that the main body comprising a multi-layered structure of plates stacked across gaps and an additional structure is stringed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

発明の詳細な説明Detailed Description of the Invention

本発明は、新たな弦楽器に関するものである。  The present invention relates to a new stringed musical instrument.

従来、ギターやベース、ヴァイオリン等に代表される弦楽器は、ネック部とボディ部とから構成され、そこに張られた弦の振動をボディとその内部で共鳴、増幅させる構造が主流であった。  Conventionally, stringed instruments represented by guitars, basses, violins, and the like have been composed of a neck portion and a body portion, and a structure that resonates and amplifies the vibration of a string stretched on the body and the inside thereof has been the mainstream.

発明が解決しようとしている課題Problems to be solved by the invention

そのため、多種多様な意匠及び機能をもつ弦楽器が製造されてはいるが、それらの構造は基本的に同一原理から成り、音響的にも類似の構造あるいは同質・同意匠の踏襲による伝統的かつ画一的な製品が多く、機能的、原理的、意匠的、音響的斬新さに欠けていた。
また、アコースティックギターなどはボディが大きくなり、エレクトリックギターなどはボディが重くなるなど使い勝手が良く無かった。さらに、加工にも特殊な技術を要し、コストが増大する要因の一つでもあった。
本発明は、それらの欠点を解決するためになされたものである。
For this reason, stringed instruments with a wide variety of designs and functions have been manufactured, but their structures are basically based on the same principle, and are acoustically similar or have traditional and artistic designs based on the same / consent design. There were many single products and lacked functionality, principle, design and acoustic innovation.
In addition, the body of an acoustic guitar, etc. was large, and the body of an electric guitar, etc., was heavy, so it was not convenient. Furthermore, special techniques were required for processing, which was one of the factors that increased costs.
The present invention has been made to solve these drawbacks.

課題を解決するための手段Means for solving the problem

本発明は、間隔を空けて積層した板状の素材を用いて弦楽器を成形することで、本体自体に構造体及び支持体、共鳴体としての振動増幅機能を持たせ、全体を小型化、軽量化すると同時に伝統技法を革新する斬新な意匠及び原理を実現した画期的なものである(図3)。
さらに、上記の構造的利点を活かし助長するために、階層的・段階的な音響拡大・拡散効果をもつサウンドホール及び多数のボルトによる音響調整・修正機能、各弦振動を独立して板材に伝達するブリッジ機構等、斬新な発明を併用・内包した高い完成度を保持している。
また、木材以外にも合成樹脂類や、カーボンファイバーなどのファイバー類、金属等、様々な特質を有する素材を使用して簡単な作業工程で大量に制作することができるため、素材の特性を活かすと同時にコストも抑えることができ、環境保護や資源の有効活用にも貢献するよう開発された新規的特徴を有するものである。
The present invention forms a stringed musical instrument using plate-like materials laminated at intervals, so that the main body itself has a structure, a support, and a vibration amplifying function as a resonator, making the whole compact and lightweight. At the same time, it is an epoch-making thing that realized a novel design and principle that revolutionized traditional techniques (Fig. 3).
In addition, in order to take advantage of the structural advantages described above, the sound adjustment and correction function using sound holes and multiple bolts with hierarchical and gradual acoustic expansion and diffusion effects, each string vibration is independently transmitted to the plate material It maintains a high degree of perfection by combining and enclosing a novel invention such as a bridge mechanism.
In addition to wood, it can be produced in large quantities in a simple work process using materials with various characteristics such as synthetic resins, fibers such as carbon fibers, metals, etc., so that the characteristics of the materials can be utilized. At the same time, it is possible to reduce costs, and has new features developed to contribute to environmental protection and effective use of resources.

本弦楽器の本体を板状の素材で成形し、それらを適切な間隔を設けて交互に積層させ、表板から裏板まで貫通させたボルト及びスペーサーで固定させる(図3)。ネック指板部分は指板裏の中央部からネックの裏側中央までを中心部数箇所から数十箇所貫通させるが、これは強度の確保及び音響振動の伝達性の向上、ネック自体の反りの防止、修正を厳密に調整するためなどが目的である(図2)。なお、ボルトは中心・中央部以外に用いても良い。
こうすることで、従来ネック全体を一本のボルトで大まかな修正しか出来なかったものを、多くの箇所で精緻な修正ができるようにした。また、ネック裏側は中央中心部に縦溝を設けた板材を使用することで、ボルトが掌に触れることなくスムーズな運指ができるよう工夫した。
こうして、ネック部に充分な強度を持たせつつ、修正・調整の精度向上、滑りや軽量化の確保、ネック部自体の共鳴板材の面積増大に伴う振動放出作用による音響効果の向上等を実現している。(図4)ネックとボディを一体化した場合、加工性、演奏性、意匠性、音の伝導性、音量の増大等にも優れている。
ボディ部を本体に採用する場合も同様、表板から裏板までをボルトで貫通させ固定するのだが、音響振動の増幅、共鳴、放出効果をより高めるため、ボルトの数はボディ形状に合わせ適切な本数にする。弦楽器の音響特性や形状、板材の材質、ブリッジ部の構造、デザイン、用途などに対応してボディ周縁のボルトは全ての階層で固定することなく、表板と裏板とでサンドし、中間層の板材の自律性を高めてもよい。
また、各層の板材の共振パターンに応じて板材の各所に適切な数のホール(孔)を設けることで、音色のチューニングや外観のデザイン性に個性的表情を持たせることができると同時に、各板材からの音の抜けを良くする効果がある(図6、図7)。さらに、階層的・段階的・漸増的にホール部を構成することで、音響レンズ効果による音響拡大・拡散効果が得られ、音がより高い効率で前面に放出される(図6)。なお、板材の材質や形状、厚み等を変えることでも様々な音色のチューニング及びデザインが可能である。
本発明の弦楽器用にブリッジ部は各々の弦に対応した独立構造を採用した(図5)。勿論、従来の一体式ブリッジでも良いのだが、全ての弦振動が上部板材より合成されてボディに伝達されるため、各弦から発した音振動の干渉等によりセパレーションが十分得られない状態もあった。そのため、本発明では板状素材の各層に対して独立したブリッジを採用し、弦振動を自律的・直接的かつ有効に伝達することに成功した。
つまり、一本の弦に対して一つのブリッジと一枚の振動共鳴板(本体)が独立して対応する。しかし、弦の数が多い楽器やネック指板部を本体とした態様等の場合、ボディの厚みが増す等の問題もあるため、音域の近い弦同士を数本併用しても良い(図12)。なお、弦振動を完全に分離、あるいはボディ全体の振動と自律した振動とを融合させてもよい。こうして、本弦楽器の新規的特長が活かされることになる。
このように、本品は従来の様々な種類の弦楽器に応用可能な構造的特長を有するものであり、アコースティック楽器のみならずエレクトリック楽器や両者の併用楽器、デジタル楽器等、新規の楽器としての可能性に満ちた独創的な発明といえる。
The main body of the stringed instrument is formed of a plate-shaped material, and they are alternately stacked at appropriate intervals, and fixed with bolts and spacers that penetrate from the front plate to the back plate (FIG. 3). The neck fingerboard part penetrates from the center part of the fingerboard back to the center of the back side of the neck from several to several tens of the center part, but this ensures strength and improves the transmission of acoustic vibration, prevents warping of the neck itself, The purpose is to adjust the correction strictly (FIG. 2). In addition, you may use a volt | bolt other than a center and center part.
By doing this, we have made it possible to make precise corrections at many points, which used to be a rough correction of the entire neck with a single bolt. In addition, the back of the neck is devised so that smooth fingering can be achieved without touching the palm of the bolt by using a plate with a vertical groove in the center of the center.
In this way, while giving the neck part sufficient strength, it is possible to improve the accuracy of correction and adjustment, to ensure slipping and weight reduction, and to improve the acoustic effect due to the vibration emission effect accompanying the increase in the area of the resonance plate material of the neck part itself. ing. (FIG. 4) When the neck and the body are integrated, it is excellent in processability, performance, design, sound conductivity, volume increase, and the like.
Similarly, when the body part is adopted as the main body, the bolts are passed through and fixed from the front plate to the back plate with bolts, but the number of bolts is appropriate for the body shape in order to enhance the amplification, resonance, and emission effects of acoustic vibration. Use a proper number. Corresponding to the acoustic characteristics and shape of the stringed instrument, the material of the plate material, the structure of the bridge part, the design, the application, etc. The autonomy of the plate material may be increased.
In addition, by providing an appropriate number of holes in each part of the plate according to the resonance pattern of the plate of each layer, it is possible to give a unique expression to the tone tuning and appearance design, There is an effect of improving sound leakage from the plate (FIGS. 6 and 7). Furthermore, by configuring the hole portions hierarchically, stepwise, and incrementally, an acoustic expansion / diffusion effect due to the acoustic lens effect is obtained, and sound is emitted to the front surface with higher efficiency (FIG. 6). Note that tuning and design of various timbres is possible by changing the material, shape, thickness, etc. of the plate material.
For the stringed musical instrument of the present invention, the bridge portion employs an independent structure corresponding to each string (FIG. 5). Of course, a conventional integrated bridge may be used, but since all string vibrations are synthesized from the upper plate material and transmitted to the body, there is a situation where separation is not sufficiently obtained due to interference of sound vibrations emitted from each string. It was. Therefore, in the present invention, an independent bridge is adopted for each layer of the plate material, and the string vibration is successfully transmitted autonomously, directly and effectively.
That is, one bridge and one vibration resonance plate (main body) correspond to one string independently. However, in the case of an instrument having a large number of strings or an embodiment having a neck fingerboard as a main body, there are problems such as an increase in the thickness of the body. Therefore, several strings having close ranges may be used together (FIG. 12). ). The string vibration may be completely separated, or the vibration of the entire body and the autonomous vibration may be fused. In this way, the novel features of this stringed instrument are utilized.
In this way, this product has structural features that can be applied to various types of conventional stringed instruments, and can be used as a new instrument, not only acoustic instruments but also electric instruments, combined instruments, and digital instruments. It can be said that it is a creative invention full of nature.

発明の効果The invention's effect

本発明は次のような効果をもたらすものである。
1) 過去に存在しなかった全く新しい発想による独創的かつ斬新な弦楽器を提供する。
2) 構造材及び支持体、共鳴体等として機能する板素材を用いるため、製作工程が単純化され、優れた意匠的特長を活かしつつ、シンプルな構造および低コストによる量産化を実現する。
3) 量産可能で機能性に優れた工業製品であると同時に、アート、デザイン、工芸作品的価値も内包する。
4) 様々な特性をもつ多種多様な素材を用いることができるため、音質的、形状的、色彩的、触覚的、価格的、意匠的差別化等が容易である。
5) 全体を小型化かつ軽量化することができる。
6) アコースティック、エレクトリック、併用型に対応できる。
7) 初心者や自作者のための組み立てキットとしても適している。
8) ネックやボディ全体及び複数階層に独立した板材を振動させるため、音響的な厚みや広がりが得られる。
9) 独立したブリッジが各弦の弦振動を自律した音響振動として各層の板材にも伝達させるため、音響的セパレーションに優れ、濁りや淀みの少ないクリアな音が再現される。
10) 各層の板材に適切な数と形状のサウンドホールを設けることで、音響振動のチューニングによる音の補正やデザインが可能となり、音の抜けや拡がりの向上に効果が得られる。
11) ホールによる美観的、個性的効果も得られる。
12) 板素材厚みや形状、ホールの数や形状、配置などを変えたり、溝や突起物等の加工を施すことでより良い音を追求することができる。
13) ギターやヴァイオリン等、既存の弦楽器に応用できる。
14) ネック及び指板部分だけで最適な音量・音質をもつ楽器として成立するため、小型で軽量、低コスト、斬新なデザイン等が実現する。
The present invention provides the following effects.
1) To provide original and innovative stringed instruments based on completely new ideas that did not exist in the past.
2) Since a plate material that functions as a structural material, a support, a resonator, and the like is used, the manufacturing process is simplified, and mass production is realized with a simple structure and low cost while taking advantage of excellent design features.
3) In addition to being an industrial product that can be mass-produced and has excellent functionality, it also includes the value of art, design, and crafts.
4) Since a wide variety of materials having various characteristics can be used, it is easy to differentiate sound quality, shape, color, touch, price, and design.
5) The whole can be reduced in size and weight.
6) Compatible with acoustic, electric, and combination types.
7) Suitable as an assembly kit for beginners and homebrewers.
8) Since an independent plate material is vibrated in the neck, the entire body, and a plurality of layers, an acoustic thickness and spread can be obtained.
9) Independent bridges transmit the string vibration of each string as an autonomous acoustic vibration to the plate material of each layer, so that clear sound with excellent acoustic separation and less turbidity and itchiness is reproduced.
10) By providing sound holes of an appropriate number and shape on the plate material of each layer, it becomes possible to correct and design sound by tuning acoustic vibrations, and an effect is obtained in improving sound omission and spread.
11) Aesthetic and individual effects can be obtained from the hall.
12) Better sound can be pursued by changing the thickness and shape of the plate material, the number, shape, and arrangement of holes, and by processing grooves and protrusions.
13) It can be applied to existing stringed instruments such as guitars and violins.
14) Since it is formed as an instrument with optimal volume and sound quality only by the neck and fingerboard, it is possible to realize a compact, light weight, low cost, and a novel design.

本発明の正面図である(ボディ部を有する6弦楽器の例)。It is a front view of the present invention (an example of a 6-string instrument having a body part). 本発明の裏面図である(ボディ部を有する6弦楽器の例)。It is a back view of the present invention (an example of a 6-string instrument having a body part). 本発明の側面図である(ボディ部を有する例)。It is a side view of this invention (example which has a body part). 本発明のネック部ボルト接合部(図2B−B’)の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of the neck bolt joint (FIG. 2B-B ′) of the present invention. 本発明のボディブリッジ部(図1A−A’)の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of the body bridge part (FIG. 1A-A ') of this invention. 本発明の階層的・段階的ホール部(図1C−C’)の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of the hierarchical / stepped hole portion (FIG. 1C-C ′) of the present invention. 本発明の実施態様例1の正面図である。It is a front view of embodiment example 1 of the present invention. 本発明の実施態様例2の正面図である。It is a front view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. 本発明の正面図である(ネック指板部を本体とする態様)。It is a front view of the present invention (a mode having a neck fingerboard portion as a main body). 本発明の裏面図である(ネック指板部を本体とする態様)。It is a back view of the present invention (mode which makes a neck fingerboard part a main part). 本発明の側面図である(ネック指板部を本体とする態様)。It is a side view of the present invention (a mode having a neck fingerboard portion as a main body). 本発明のブリッジ部(図9D−D’)の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of the bridge | bridging part (FIG. 9D-D ') of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 本体(板材)
2 ボルト&スペーサー
3 ブリッジ
4 弦
5 ホール(孔)
1 Body (plate material)
2 Bolt & Spacer 3 Bridge 4 String 5 Hole

Claims (7)

間隔を空けて階層的に積層した板状の素材で構成された弦楽器。  A stringed instrument composed of plate-like materials layered hierarchically at intervals. 請求項1の弦楽器をネック指板部分のみ、あるいはネック指板及びボディ部分から構成した弦楽器。  A stringed instrument comprising the stringed musical instrument of claim 1 composed of only a neck fingerboard part or a neck fingerboard and a body part. 請求項1、請求項2の弦楽器の板材を適切な数のボルト等でジョイント構成することで、強度及び音響振動伝導性、反りの修正、音の微調整等を可能にした構造。  3. A structure in which strength, acoustic vibration conductivity, correction of warp, fine adjustment of sound, and the like are made possible by jointly configuring the plate material of the stringed instrument of claim 1 and claim 2 with an appropriate number of bolts or the like. 請求項1の弦楽器のボディ部分に従来のネック指板を取り付けた構造の弦楽器。  A stringed musical instrument having a structure in which a neck fingerboard is attached to the body of the stringed musical instrument of claim 1. 請求項1及び請求項2の板状の素材に、音響・音量・音質・音色等の調整あるいは意匠等を目的とするホール(孔)や凹凸等を設け、階層的・段階的に間隔を空けて積層した構造の弦楽器。  The plate-like material according to claim 1 and claim 2 is provided with holes (holes) and irregularities for the purpose of adjustment of sound, volume, sound quality, timbre, etc. or design, etc., and spaced in a hierarchical and stepwise manner. A stringed instrument with a stacked structure. 請求項1、請求項2、請求項3、請求項4の弦楽器に、弦振動を電気信号に置き換えて出力するための各種装置を装備した構造の弦楽器。  A stringed musical instrument having a structure in which the stringed musical instrument according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, and 4 is provided with various devices for outputting string vibrations by replacing them with electrical signals. 請求項1、請求項2、請求項3、請求項4、請求項5の弦楽器を構成する各層の板状素材に対応する独立したブリッジ(駒)を取り付けた構造。  The structure which attached the independent bridge | bridging (piece | piece) corresponding to the plate-shaped raw material of each layer which comprises the stringed musical instrument of Claim 1, Claim 2, Claim 3, Claim 5, Claim 5.
JP2003291831A 2003-07-06 2003-07-06 Stringed instrument Pending JP2005031600A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104575451A (en) * 2013-10-22 2015-04-29 雅马哈株式会社 Board for stringed instrument, method of manufacturing board for stringed instrument, and stringed instrument

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104575451A (en) * 2013-10-22 2015-04-29 雅马哈株式会社 Board for stringed instrument, method of manufacturing board for stringed instrument, and stringed instrument

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