JP2005013133A - Method for cooking pastas, and pasta food produced by the cooking method - Google Patents

Method for cooking pastas, and pasta food produced by the cooking method Download PDF

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JP2005013133A
JP2005013133A JP2003184278A JP2003184278A JP2005013133A JP 2005013133 A JP2005013133 A JP 2005013133A JP 2003184278 A JP2003184278 A JP 2003184278A JP 2003184278 A JP2003184278 A JP 2003184278A JP 2005013133 A JP2005013133 A JP 2005013133A
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pasta
cooking
water
patent document
pastas
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JP4052982B2 (en
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Sanae Sasaki
早苗 佐々木
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NIPPN Corp
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Nippon Flour Mills Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for cooking pastas by which a pasta food having good texture can be obtained without using a special raw material for the pasta and special equipment even at home; and to provide a method for cooking the pastas by which waste water inevitably accompanied with usual pasta cooking is not caused, and the quantity of heat required for the cooking is reduced to reduce the load on the environment. <P>SOLUTION: The method for cooking the pastas comprises adding water and oil and fat to pastas, heating and boiling the resultant mixture in a heating vessel, and keeping the boiling state until the water is disappeared apparently. Preferably, the method involves starting the heating within 12 hr after adding the water and the oil and fat. Further preferably, the pastas after being kept in the boiling state until the water is disappeared is further kept at ≥60°C for ≤8 hr. The pasta food is produced by the method for cooking the pastas. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、パスタ類の簡便な調理方法に関し、より詳しくは、簡便で、廃水の発生量が削減され、下水処理や環境への負荷が少なく、エネルギー効率も高いパスタ類の調理方法に関する。本発明はさらに、そのような調理方法により製造されたパスタ食品に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
パスタ類は小麦粉に加水して混練し、押出機等で高圧で押出し成形したものである。通常は硬質小麦粉、好ましくはデュラムセモリナ、デュラム小麦粉等を主原料とし、卵白等の材料を配合することもある。このように製造されるパスタは固く緻密な組織を持ち、この組織から、パスタ独特のコシのある食感が生まれる。パスタ類はその製造方法や流通形態から乾燥パスタ、生パスタ、茹でパスタ、冷凍パスタ等に大別され、更に成形方法の変化により多種多様な形状、サイズの製品が製造されている。
パスタ類の調理方法を乾燥パスタを例にとれば、一例として次の通りである。パスタ質量の約10倍量の熱湯中にパスタを投入し、中程度の沸騰状態を保ちながら適度な硬さと食感になるまで茹でる。茹で上がったパスタを取り出して水を切り、好みに応じて他の材料を加え調味を行う。パスタの茹で時間は、使用するパスタの形状やサイズ、好みの食感等により変動するが、一般的には2分から20分程度である。
【0003】
このようにパスタ類は茹で時間が長いことが調理上の欠点となっているが、それにも増して茹でるために大量の湯を沸騰させること、高温の熱湯を扱うこと、茹でた後の水切りや茹で水の廃棄処理等の所謂「茹でこぼし」が必要なこと、茹で作業と並行し或いは茹で作業に続けて味付けなどの調理を要すること等が調理を煩雑で面倒なものにしている。特に家庭ではこれらの煩雑な作業が嫌われ、パスタの普及を妨げる原因となってきた。
また近年、環境問題への関心が高まり、水質保全も重要な課題となっている。従来、パスタ類を調理する際には大量の茹で水が廃棄され、この中には澱粉や蛋白質等の水溶性成分が溶出しているため、下水処理、ひいては環境に対し多大の負荷を与える。しかもパスタ類の量より遥かに多い茹で水を沸騰させるだけの熱エネルギーを消費するが、このエネルギーのかなりの部分が未利用のまま、廃水として廃棄される。このような理由から、茹で水を使用せず、廃水の発生しない新たな調理法が求められている。
【0004】
従来、パスタ類の調理を簡便化し、調理時間を短縮するための方法が種々考案されてきた。
例えば、茹で時間を短縮する試みとして、パスタの麺線に沿って一定の幅と深さの溝を設ける方法(例えば、特許文献1参照。)、デュラムセモリナにモチ性穀粉を組み合わせる方法(例えば、特許文献2参照。)、特定のねじれ度を持った螺旋状に成形する方法(例えば、特許文献3参照。)、パスタの表層部のみをα化した後に一定条件下で吸水させる方法(例えば、特許文献4参照。)、この方法にアルコール処理を組み合わせる方法(例えば、特許文献5参照。)、原料として食用乳化剤を添加し、特定温度で押出成形する方法(例えば、特許文献6参照。)などが提案されている。
これらの方法は、いずれもパスタの製造時に特殊な加工を施しているが、その効果は茹で時間を幾分か短縮するに止まり、従来の調理方法を根底から変えるものではない。このため、上述した欠点の多くは解消されないままであり、調理の手間も従来法と変わらない。しかも、その製造には特殊な工程や添加物を必要とし、調理後のパスタの食感も必ずしも満足すべきものではないため、従来のパスタに取って代わるに至っていない。
【0005】
また麺類を調理する際の茹でこぼしを排除する手法も提唱されている。例えば、特定のアミラーゼ活性と特定のアミロペクチン/アミロース比率を持つ穀粉を利用する方法(例えば、特許文献7参照。)、キサンタンガムと卵白粉末を特定量添加する方法(例えば、特許文献8参照。)、麺水分、α化度、比容積を規定した例(例えば、特許文献9参照。)などが代表的である。
ただしこれらの方法は、ラーメンやうどんのようにスープと共に食する麺類を想定し、茹で水をそのままスープに転用するために、茹で溶けを抑えることを目的としている。本発明のようなパスタ調理とは全く別箇の技術であり、いずれの記述でもパスタ類については言及していない。パスタ類を想定した技術としては、電子レンジを利用して調理時間の削減を図り、併せて茹でこぼしを不要にした例(例えば、特許文献10参照。)もある。しかし、この方法はマイクロ波加熱の特性上加熱時間が短く、パスタの水和が十分に行われないため、食感が犠牲となっていることは否めない。
【0006】
一方、茹で作業を省略し、喫食時に熱湯を加えるだけで可食状態に復元させる即席パスタも試みられている。この技術としては、パスタを加熱処理後、特定の温度条件で乾燥する方法(例えば、特許文献11参照。)、パスタを特定のα化度と水分含量に茹で上げ、凍結乾燥する方法(例えば、特許文献12参照。)、パスタを茹でた後、アルカリ溶液を含浸させ凍結乾燥する方法(例えば、特許文献13参照。)、地下澱粉を加えて成形、蒸煮、直後に熱気流中で表面水分を急激に気化させる方法(例えば、特許文献14参照。)、パスタを茹でた後、表面に親水性界面活性剤を存在させ乾燥する方法(例えば、特許文献15参照。)、α化したパスタをプロテアーゼand/orアミラーゼ液に浸漬し、凍結乾燥する方法(例えば、特許文献16参照。)などが提示されている。これらの試みは夫々幾分かの効果を示してはいるものの、技術の主要な価値はその即席性にあり、本来の方法で調理したパスタ類の食味には及ぶべくもない。また特殊な添加物を使用する方法は、現在の消費者嗜好に合致せず好ましくない。
【0007】
別の試みとして、半生状態まで或いは完全調理したパスタの変質を抑制しながら流通し、家庭では再加熱するだけで簡便に喫食できる技術も公知である。変質抑制の手段としては、レトルトの如き加圧加熱殺菌や冷凍流通が代表的である。レトルトによる方法としては、パスタを蒸熱処理し、調味液と共に容器に充填しレトルト処理する方法(例えば、特許文献17参照。)、パスタ生地に乾燥卵白等を配合することによりレトルト時の煮崩れや調味液の濁りを抑える方法(例えば、特許文献18参照。)、パスタを茹でた後、有機酸溶液ついで重合リン酸塩溶液に浸漬し品質改善を図る方法(例えば、特許文献19参照。)、原料にアルギン酸エステルを添加し、水分含量を特定範囲に調整して、ソースからの水分吸収を抑制する方法(例えば、特許文献20参照。)、水溶性ヘミセルロースでパスタを表面処理し、レトルト後の麺のほぐれを改善する方法(例えば、特許文献21参照。)など等がある。
調理済みの製品は微生物的に不安定な状態にあり、変質を抑制することが大前提となる。上記の各技術は、その制約の中でより一層の品質向上を狙ってはいるが、パスタの嗜好性よりも微生物的安定性が優先される結果となったことはやむを得ない。
【0008】
冷凍流通により変質の抑制を図った例として、α化したパスタの表面に食塩を付着させ凍結する方法(例えば、特許文献22参照。)、調理したパスタと、ゼラチンを添加してゲル状にした調味液とを接触させて容器に収容する方法(例えば、特許文献23参照。)、澱粉、カードランを配合した冷凍用穀粉組成物に関する方法(例えば、特許文献24参照)、パスタを短時間茹でて半生状態としてチルド流通または冷凍流通し、電子レンジで調理する方法(例えば、特許文献25参照。)、パスタを硬めに茹で上げ、直ちに水洗冷却し、特定の水分含量とする方法(例えば、特許文献26参照。)などを始めとする手法が公開されている。
これらの技術はいずれも、凍結状態で流通することを前提とするので、製品の輸送や保管が大きな制約を受け、特に冷凍保管スペースの限られた家庭では、重大な問題である。また冷凍によるコスト上昇も無視できない。
【0009】
機械装置等、システム面から調理時間の削減を図った例も提案されている。例えば、マグネトロン制御を利用して茹で上げる方法(例えば、特許文献27参照。)、電磁加熱用コイルを利用し、高圧高温条件下で茹で上げる方法(例えば、特許文献28参照。)、サーモダイナミック行程を利用した方法(例えば、特許文献29参照。)などが代表例である。これらの方法は全て専用の特殊装置を必要とし、一般家庭への導入は困難である。しかも期待できる効果は調理時間の短縮のみであり、普遍的な調理方法として受容される可能性は低いと考えられる。工場での量産に利用した場合でも、調理したパスタの流通に伴う問題が避けられないことは、前述した冷凍流通の場合と同様である。
【0010】
【特許文献1】
特開平02−200155号公報
【特許文献2】
特開2000−333630号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平08−266236号公報
【特許文献4】
特開平09−191846号公報
【特許文献5】
特開平09−28337号公報
【特許文献6】
特開昭63−167751号公報
【特許文献7】
特開平04−141058号公報
【特許文献8】
特開平03−232466号公報
【特許文献9】
特開昭60−105466号公報
【特許文献10】
特開平10−23871号公報
【特許文献11】
特開昭58−16653号公報
【特許文献12】
特開平07−274880号公報
【特許文献13】
特開平08−163962号公報
【特許文献14】
特開昭61−25455号公報
【特許文献15】
特開平02−145164号公報
【特許文献16】
特開平05−328926号公報
【特許文献17】
特開平10−271971号公報
【特許文献18】
特開平07−132060号公報
【特許文献19】
特開平10−262585号公報
【特許文献20】
特開2000−41605号公報
【特許文献21】
特開2001−314161号公報
【特許文献22】
特開平09−75023号公報
【特許文献23】
特開2001−37434号公報
【特許文献24】
特開2000−342207号公報
【特許文献25】
特開平10−295302号公報
【特許文献26】
特開2000−332938号公報
【特許文献27】
特開2002−349870号公報
【特許文献28】
特開平08−266237号公報
【特許文献29】
特開昭63−503115号公報
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って本発明は、家庭でも特別なパスタ原料及び特殊な機器を使わず、パスタ類を簡便に調理し、良好な食感のパスタ食品を得ることができる、パスタ類の調理方法を提供する。また通常のパスタ調理に不可避的に伴う廃水を発生せず、調理に要する熱量も削減された、環境への負荷の少ないパスタ類の調理方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は上記課題を達成するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、パスタ類を水和させるに必要十分な量に加水量を設定し、調理に使用する水量を従来の一般的な茹で調理より大幅に減じ、熱伝導性の容器で見掛け上の水がほぼ消失するまで加熱を維持し、パスタ類を可食状態とすることを見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。さらにパスタ同士の付着を防止しほぐれを改善するため油脂を添加することが適当であることを見出した。
従って本発明は、パスタ類に加水し及び油脂を添加して、加熱容器において加熱、沸騰させ、次いで水が見掛け上ほぼ消失するまで沸騰状態を保持することを特徴とするパスタ類の調理方法である。本発明は、パスタ類、パスタ類を吸水させるに必要十分な量の水、及び油脂を含む材料を熱伝導性の容器に投入し、適当な手段で加熱を行い水を沸騰させ、次いで見かけ上の水分がほぼ消失し、パスタが可食状態になるまで加熱を続けることによって達成される。
本発明で使用する加熱容器は熱伝導性容器であれば特に限定されないが、一例として自動制御機能を有する炊飯器が好ましく用いられる。本発明のパスタ類の調理方法は、一般的な炊飯用加熱器に上記材料を投入し、通常の炊飯に準じて水の状態からパスタ類を加熱調理する態様を包含する。
本発明の一実施態様では、パスタ類に加水し及び油脂を添加した後、加熱するまでに12時間程度までの浸漬時間を設けてもよく、すなわち、12時間以内に加熱を開始することができる。本発明の一実施態様では、水が見掛け上ほぼ消失するまで沸騰状態を保持した後、60℃以上の温度で更に8時間程度まで、保持してもよい。
【0013】
本発明の好ましい実施態様では、調理後、適度な粘弾性と硬さを有するパスタ食品を得るために、加水前のパスタ類が水分含量7〜15%且つ見掛け密度0.25〜0.70(g/cm)を有することが好ましい。本発明の好ましい実施態様では、パスタ類への加水量及び添加する油脂量は、パスタ類100質量部に対し200〜1500質量部の水、及び0.1〜15質量部の油脂が適当である。
本発明の調理方法ではさらに、パスタ類にさらに調味料、着色剤及び具材から選ばれる少なくとも1種を添加して加熱、沸騰させることができる。
本発明はさらに、上記パスタ類の調理方法により製造されたパスタ食品、その冷蔵品又は冷凍品に向けられている。
【0014】
茹でこぼしをせず、直接パスタ類を煮熱処理する方法は、十分な加熱時間さえかければ喫食可能な状態とすることは可能である。しかし、この方法でパスタ類本来のより良い歯ごたえや口当たりを得るために、本発明者は調理を施すパスタ類の水分と見掛け密度に注目し、これらを厳密に規定することにより、目的をより良く達成できることを見出した。この理由は未だ明らかではないが、次のように考えられる。
パスタ類を沸騰水中に入れると、パスタ類の表面から熱湯が麺線中に浸透するとともに、麺の外側から中心部に水和と澱粉のα化が進行する。適度に茹でられたパスタ類の断面は、表面から中心部に向かって水分とα化度に一定の勾配を生じ、これがコシのある歯ごたえとして認知される。茹でこぼしをしない方法では、水和とα化のバランスが崩れ、麺線中で両者の最適勾配が得られにくくなる。その結果、パスタ類の表面だけが煮え、中心部が生のまま残ったり、逆に中心部まで煮えてしまい、パスタ類独特のコシが失われる等の現象に至る。見掛け密度はパスタ類の表面積とほぼ相関すると考えられ、見掛け密度の小さいものほど表面積が大きく、水との接触面積が増え、麺の内部への伝熱とα化速度が増大する。パスタ類の水分は主に水和速度に影響すると考えられ、水分が高いものほど短時間で中心部まで水和が進みやすい。より良好にするには、見掛け密度と水分を上記の範囲内に収めることにより、水和とα化の両者が、本来の調理方法と同等の適切なバランスと勾配に保持されるものと推測される。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
パスタ類は、ロングパスタ及びショートパスタに大別され、更に太さや長さ、表面の溝や模様、中心部の空洞の有無、及びこれら諸属性の組合せにより、極めて多くの種類が製造され市販されている。本発明の調理方法を適用するパスタ類は特に限定されるものではない。また、乾燥品、半乾燥品、茹で品、生品、半生品、冷凍品など、いずれでもよく、特に限定されるものではない。
本発明で用いるパスタ類は、その製造に用いる原料を問わず、一般的なデュラムセモリナやデュラム小麦粉はもとより、これ以外の小麦粉や全粒粉を用いることも可能であり、更には小麦以外の穀粉も必要に応じて使用できる。また穀粉以外の副原料を添加したパスタ類も使用でき、一般的には生卵、乾燥卵、植物蛋白、着色料、各種野菜や末、小麦フスマ、調味料等が代表的な副原料として知られる。
【0016】
代表的なパスタ類の形状と名称、その見掛け密度の実測値の一例を以下に示す。もとより同じ種類のパスタでも、太さ、肉厚、空洞の有無と大きさ、溝や襞の深さと数、その他の要因により見掛け密度も一様ではない。本発明は下記に挙げたパスタの種類に限定されない。本明細書中でいう見掛け密度は、一定容積の円筒状の容器中にパスタを密充填した際のパスタ質量を、容器の容積で除して算出して求めたものである。尚、見掛け密度の測定にはすべて水分10〜13%のパスタを使用した。
【0017】

Figure 2005013133
【0018】
本発明の調理方法において、水分含量7〜15%、見掛け密度0.25〜0.70(g/cm)の範囲のパスタ類が好ましく使用でき、特に水分含量10〜13%、見掛け密度0.35〜0.50(g/cm)の範囲が好適である。上記の水分含量及び見掛け密度の範囲内では、火通りがよく、またα化と水和が適度に進み、調理によってとりわけ適度な粘弾性と硬さが得られる。
【0019】
パスタ類へ加える水は、パスタ類の組織中に浸透し加熱されることにより水和を生じ、パスタ類に含まれる澱粉をα化して可食化するとともに、蛋白質の変性を促進し、適度な粘弾性と硬さを持ったコシのある食感を付与する作用を有する。また、熱源の熱エネルギーをパスタ類に伝導する熱媒体の役割も果たす。従来、パスタ類の調理には茹で水として大量の水が使用されていたが、本発明ではパスタを水和させるに必要十分な量の水を用いればよい。調理するパスタの形状やサイズ、好みの硬さや歯ごたえ等により加水量の調整が可能である。
具体的には、パスタ類100質量部に対し水200〜1500質量部が適当であり、特に300〜600質量部が好適である。また水と同様の性状を持つ食品素材、例えば牛乳等も水に準じて使用でき、その場合は水量との合計が上記範囲に入るようにする。
なお、後述のように、パスタ類にさらに、野菜、その他の素材を加える場合は、素材の水分に応じて加水量を調整することが望ましい。
従来の調理方法では、水が沸騰してからパスタを投入するが、本発明の範囲内であれば常温の状態で水に投入することが可能となり、調理を一層簡便にしている。
【0020】
油脂は、パスタ類を調理する際に、麺同士の付着を防止し、ほぐれを良好に保つ効果がある。本発明で使用する油脂としては一般に食用に供されるものであれば何でもよく、サラダ油、白絞油、バター、マーガリン、ショートニング等、液状、固形を問わず使用できる。油脂の原料としては、大豆、菜種、コーン、綿実、オリーブ、米、ゴマ等、多くが知られ、またこれらに原料に水素添加等の加工を加えたものも市販されているが、好みに応じていずれも利用できる。また油脂に類似した性状の素材、例えばジアシルグリセロール等も、油脂と同様に使用できる。更には、乳化剤、消泡剤その他の添加物等を配合した油脂類も、本発明の目的に沿うものであれば使用することが可能である。調理の際に添加する油脂量は、パスタ同士の付着を防止しほぐれを改善するに必要十分な量であればよい。具体的には、パスタ100質量部に対し0.1〜15重量部が適当であり、特に5〜10質量部が望ましい。パスタ類への油脂の添加方法は、加水する前にパスタ類へ油脂を絡めてもよく、水中へパスタ投入と同時に行うのが効果的である。
【0021】
本発明では調理に際しさらに、パスタ類、水及び油脂のほかに、食塩、例えば胡椒、スープの素などの調味料、着色料、並びに、例えば野菜類、茸類、肉類、魚介類及び卵などの具材から選ばれる少なくとも1種を同時に添加してもよい。こうすることで、バラエティーに富んだパスタ食品を提供することができる。肉類や魚介類であれば、予め調理しておいたものを添加してもよい。上記食塩、調味料、着色剤及び具材の添加量は、適宜選択すればよい。
従来はパスタ類の茹で工程と副材料を合わせる工程を別々に行う必要があったが、本発明のように茹でこぼしを排することによって一工程化が可能となり、一層の作業簡略化が達成される。
【0022】
本発明の調理方法では、パスタ類に加水し及び油脂を添加した後、すぐに加熱を開始してもよく、あるいは、12時間程度までの浸漬時間を設けてもよい。適度な浸漬時間を設けることによって、良好な食感のパスタ食品を得ることができる。
【0023】
本発明による調理は、上記の原材料を熱伝導性の容器に同時に投入し、適当な手段で加熱を行い水を沸騰させ、水が見掛け上ほぼ消失するまで沸騰状態を必要時間保持することによって達成される。本発明の一実施態様では、水が見掛け上ほぼ消失するまで沸騰状態を保持した後、60℃以上の温度で更に8時間程度まで、保持してもよい。
加熱の継続時間は特に制限されないが、要するに見掛け上の水分がほぼなくなり、パスタ類が可食状態になればよい。加熱は電熱式、ガス式、電磁式等、必要十分の熱量が得られる方法であれば何でもよく、また容器上部に耐熱性の蓋を載置して調理中の容器内圧を常圧以上に保持する方法も、必要に応じ適宜使用できる。
本発明の調理方法に用いる加熱容器として、鍋のほか、マイコン等で調理状態を自動制御し米飯を最適の状態に炊き上げるための機器(炊飯器)が特に好適である。更に、炊飯器の場合は、組込みのタイマーを利用することににより、予め調理終了時刻を設定することも可能となり、調理の時間的融通性を向上できる。
本発明の調理方法で製造されたパスタ食品は、そのまま食することができる。また、さらに常法により冷蔵あるいは冷凍して保存することができ、さらには適当な包装をして流通させることもできる。
【0024】
【発明の効果】
本発明のパスタ類の調理方法によれば、湯沸かし、茹で揚げ後の湯切り、茹で水の廃棄等の手間が不要となり、調理方法が簡便である。また、本発明のパスタ類の調理方法は、特殊な機器や装置を必要とせず、家庭にある一般的な調理器具と熱源で十分である。また、茹でこぼしが不要となるため、廃水の量を削減でき、環境への負荷を低減できる。
本発明の調理方法で作られたパスタ食品は適度な粘弾性段と硬さ、歯ごたえを持ち、従来の調理法によるものと遜色ない。本発明の調理方法では、副材料を加える場合、パスタと同時投入が可能となり、一層簡便である。
さらに本発明の調理方法では、必要な量の水だけを加熱するため、熱量の無駄が少なく、エネルギー効率が高い。さらに、本発明の調理方法では加熱容器として家庭用の一般的な炊飯器を利用することによって、更に簡便な調理が可能となる。
【0025】
以下に、パスタ類の見掛け密度、パスタ類への加水量、及びパスタ類への油脂の添加量を検討した結果を示す。
<パスタ類の見掛け密度>
種々の見掛け密度を有するパスタ類を使って、パスタ類100質量部に対して水300質量部、油脂(サラダ油)10質量部を加え、自動炊飯器(家庭用)を使って炊き時間45分で調理し、得られたパスタ食品の食感を調べた。結果を以下に示す。
【表1】
Figure 2005013133
××・・・やわらかすぎ
×・・・硬い
○・・・良好
◎・・・コシがあって良好
【0026】
<パスタ類への加水量>
加水量を種々に振って、自動炊飯器(家庭用)を使って調理し、得られたパスタ食品の食感を調べた。なお、パスタ100質量部に対して油脂を10質量部加え、使用したパスタは、マカロニ(商品名:オーマイ Fusili、日本製粉(株)製乾燥パスタ、水分 11.0%、見掛け密度 0.30g/cm)である。
【表2】
Figure 2005013133
××・・・硬い
×・・・やわらかすぎ
○・・・良好
◎・・・コシがあって良好
【0027】
<パスタ類への油脂の添加量>
パスタ類100質量部に対して300質量部の水を加え、そこへサラダ油を加え、自動炊飯器(家庭用)を使って調理した。得られたパスタ食品の様子、食味を調べた。なお、使用したパスタは、マカロニ(商品名:オーマイ Fusili、日本製粉(株)製乾燥パスタ、同上)である。
【表3】
Figure 2005013133
××・・・めん同士が付着していた。
×・・・食味不良
○・・・付着なし
◎・・・付着なし、食味良好
【0028】
【実施例】
以下に本発明の調理方法による調理例を挙げる。
実施例1
材料
乾燥パスタ フジリ(水分11%、見掛け密度0.3) 120g
水 500cc
オリーブオイル 10g
しめじ 100g
ベーコン 70g
赤ピーマン 適量
パセリ 適量
にんにくみじん 少々
食塩 少々
鶏がらスープの素 少々
胡椒 少々
作り方:▲1▼しめじを小房に分け、ベーコンを適当な大きさに切った。
▲2▼釜にしめじ、ベーコン、にんにく、スープの素、オリーブオイル、水、乾燥パスタ、食塩、胡椒を入れ混ぜた。
▲3▼2時間浸漬し、自動炊飯器で炊いた。
▲4▼器に盛り付け、赤ピーマンとパセリのみじん切りをかけた。
【0029】
実施例2
材料
生パスタ ファルファッレ 150g
(水分30%、見掛け密度0.25)
鶏胸肉 50g
枝豆 80g
生クリーム 20g
水 300g
バター 10g
食塩 適量
胡椒 適量
作り方:▲1▼小口切りにした鶏胸肉、枝豆、水、バター、食塩、胡椒、生パスタを釜に入れて混ぜた。
▲2▼自動炊飯器で炊いた。
▲3▼生クリームを和え、器に盛った。
【0030】
実施例3
材料
茹でパスタ マカロニ 150g
(水分62.0%、見掛け密度0.15)
えび(大きいものは小さく切る) 80g
にんにくスライス 1片分
赤唐辛子(種取り輪切り) 1/2本
サラダ油 10g
水 300g
食塩 適量
胡椒 適量
パセリみじん切り 適量
作り方:▲1▼えび、にんにく、赤唐辛子、サラダ油、水、食塩、胡椒、茹でパスタを釜に入れ混ぜた。
▲2▼自動炊飯器で炊いた。
▲3▼器に盛り,パセリのみじん切りをかけた。
【0031】
実施例4
材料
乾燥マカロニ(水分12.2%、見掛け密度0.50) 120g
水 400cc
オリーブオイル 10g
しめじ 100g
ベーコン 70g
赤ピーマン 適量
パセリ 適量
にんにく(みじん) 少々
食塩 少々
鶏ガラスープの素 少々
胡椒 少々
作り方:▲1▼しめじを小房に分け、ベーコンを適当な大きさに切った。
▲2▼鍋にしめじ、ベーコン、にんにく(みじん)、スープの素、オリーブオイル、水、マカロニ、食塩、胡椒を入れ、混ぜた。
▲3▼中火のガスで沸騰させ、さらに時々攪拌しながら水が見掛け上消失するまで煮た。
▲4▼器に盛りつけ、赤ピーマンとパセリをかけた。
【0032】
上記の方法で得られたパスタ食品は、適度な歯ごたえを有し、従来の調理方法によるものと比較して、外観、食感、食味等に全く遜色なく、しかも調理の手間は大幅に簡略化された。加えて茹で湯を廃棄する必要がない点でも、従来法より格段に優れていた。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a simple cooking method for pasta, and more particularly, to a cooking method for pasta that is simple, reduces the amount of wastewater generated, has little impact on sewage treatment and the environment, and has high energy efficiency. The invention further relates to a pasta food produced by such a cooking method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Pasta is made by adding water to wheat flour, kneading, and extruding at high pressure using an extruder or the like. Usually, hard wheat flour, preferably durum semolina, durum wheat flour or the like is used as a main raw material, and ingredients such as egg white may be blended. The pasta produced in this way has a hard and dense structure, and from this structure, a firm texture unique to pasta is born. Pasta is roughly classified into dry pasta, fresh pasta, boiled pasta, frozen pasta, etc. according to its production method and distribution form, and products of various shapes and sizes are manufactured by changing the molding method.
Taking a pasta as an example of a cooking method for pasta, an example is as follows. Put the pasta in about 10 times the amount of pasta mass, and boil until moderate boiling and texture while maintaining a moderate boiling state. Take out the boiled pasta, drain the water, add other ingredients according to your taste and season. The cooking time of pasta varies depending on the shape and size of pasta to be used, the texture of taste, etc., but is generally about 2 to 20 minutes.
[0003]
In this way, pasta is boiled for a long time because it is boiled, but in addition to that, boiling a large amount of hot water to boil, handling hot hot water, draining after boiling The fact that so-called “boiled and spilled” such as disposal of boiled water is necessary, and that cooking such as seasoning is required in parallel with the boiled work or following the boiled work makes cooking complicated and troublesome. Especially at home, these complicated operations are disliked, which has been a cause of hindering the spread of pasta.
In recent years, interest in environmental issues has increased, and water quality conservation has become an important issue. Conventionally, when cooking pasta, a large amount of boiled water is discarded, and water-soluble components such as starch and protein are eluted in the pasta, which imposes a great burden on the sewage treatment and consequently the environment. Moreover, it consumes enough thermal energy to boil the water in much more than the amount of pasta, but a significant portion of this energy is left unused and discarded as wastewater. For these reasons, there is a need for a new cooking method that does not use boiling water and does not generate waste water.
[0004]
Conventionally, various methods for simplifying cooking of pasta and shortening cooking time have been devised.
For example, as an attempt to shorten the cooking time, a method of providing a groove with a certain width and depth along the noodle strings of pasta (see, for example, Patent Document 1), a method of combining mochi flour with durum semolina (for example, Patent Document 2), a method of forming a spiral with a specific degree of twist (for example, refer to Patent Document 3), and a method of absorbing water under a certain condition after only a surface layer portion of pasta is alpha (for example, Patent Document 4), a method of combining this method with alcohol treatment (for example, refer to Patent Document 5), a method of adding an edible emulsifier as a raw material, and extrusion molding at a specific temperature (for example, refer to Patent Document 6). Has been proposed.
All of these methods are specially processed at the time of pasta production, but the effect is limited to shortening the cooking time somewhat and does not change the conventional cooking method. For this reason, many of the above-mentioned drawbacks remain unresolved, and the labor of cooking is not different from the conventional method. In addition, special processes and additives are required for its manufacture, and the texture of pasta after cooking is not necessarily satisfactory, so it has not replaced conventional pasta.
[0005]
In addition, a method for eliminating spilled spills when cooking noodles has been proposed. For example, a method using flour having a specific amylase activity and a specific amylopectin / amylose ratio (see, for example, Patent Document 7), a method of adding specific amounts of xanthan gum and egg white powder (for example, see Patent Document 8), Typical examples include noodle moisture, degree of alpha conversion, and specific volume (see, for example, Patent Document 9).
However, these methods assume noodles to be eaten with soup such as ramen and udon, and are intended to suppress melting with boiled water in order to divert the boiled water directly into the soup. Pasta cooking as in the present invention is a completely different technique, and neither description mentions pasta. As a technique assuming pasta, there is an example (see, for example, Patent Document 10) in which cooking time is reduced by using a microwave oven, and spilling is unnecessary. However, this method has a short heating time due to the characteristics of microwave heating, and the pasta cannot be sufficiently hydrated, so it cannot be denied that the texture is sacrificed.
[0006]
On the other hand, instant pasta has also been attempted in which the work is boiled and the edible state is restored simply by adding hot water during eating. As this technique, the pasta is heat-treated and dried at a specific temperature condition (see, for example, Patent Document 11), the pasta is boiled to a specific degree of alpha and a moisture content, and freeze-dried (for example, (See Patent Document 12.), boiled pasta, impregnated with alkaline solution and freeze-dried (see, for example, Patent Document 13), formed by adding underground starch, steamed, and immediately after the surface moisture in a hot air stream A method of vaporizing rapidly (for example, see Patent Document 14), a method of boiling pasta and then drying with a hydrophilic surfactant present on the surface (for example, see Patent Document 15), a gelatinized pasta with protease A method of dipping in an and / or amylase solution and freeze-drying (see, for example, Patent Document 16) is proposed. Although each of these attempts has had some effect, the main value of the technology is its immediacy, and it should not extend to the taste of pasta cooked in the original way. Also, the method using special additives is not preferable because it does not meet the current consumer preference.
[0007]
As another trial, a technique is also known that can be distributed easily in a half-life state or while suppressing the deterioration of completely cooked pasta and can be eaten simply by reheating at home. As means for inhibiting alteration, typical examples are pressure heat sterilization such as retort and freezing circulation. As a method by retort, steaming heat treatment of pasta, filling the container with a seasoning liquid and retorting (for example, refer to Patent Document 17), mixing pasta dough with dried egg white, etc. A method for suppressing the turbidity of the seasoning liquid (for example, see Patent Document 18), a method for improving quality by boiling pasta and then dipping in an organic acid solution and then a polymerized phosphate solution (for example, see Patent Document 19). A method of adding alginate to a raw material, adjusting the water content to a specific range, and suppressing water absorption from the source (see, for example, Patent Document 20), surface-treating pasta with water-soluble hemicellulose, and after retorting There are methods for improving the loosening of noodles (for example, see Patent Document 21).
The cooked product is in a microbially unstable state, and the main premise is to suppress alteration. Although each of the above technologies aims to further improve the quality within the constraints, it is unavoidable that microbial stability is given priority over the palatability of pasta.
[0008]
As an example of suppressing deterioration by freezing circulation, a method of freezing salt attached to the surface of pregelatinized pasta (see, for example, Patent Document 22), cooked pasta, and gelatin added to form a gel A method of bringing the container into contact with a seasoning liquid (for example, see Patent Document 23), a method for a frozen flour composition containing starch and curdlan (for example, see Patent Document 24), and boiling pasta for a short time. Chilled or frozen in a semi-finished state and cooked in a microwave oven (see, for example, Patent Document 25), boiled pasta hard, immediately washed with water and cooled to a specific moisture content (for example, patents) (See Reference 26.)
Since all of these technologies are premised on distribution in a frozen state, the transportation and storage of products are greatly restricted, and particularly in homes with limited freezing storage space. The cost increase due to freezing cannot be ignored.
[0009]
An example in which cooking time is reduced from the system aspect, such as a mechanical device, has also been proposed. For example, a method using a magnetron control to boil (for example, see Patent Document 27), a method to boil under a high pressure and high temperature condition using an electromagnetic heating coil (for example, see Patent Document 28), a thermodynamic process. A typical example is a method using the method (for example, see Patent Document 29). All of these methods require dedicated special equipment and are difficult to introduce into ordinary households. Moreover, the expected effect is only shortening the cooking time, and it is unlikely to be accepted as a universal cooking method. Even when it is used for mass production in a factory, the problem associated with the distribution of cooked pasta is inevitable, as in the case of the above-described frozen distribution.
[0010]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 02-2000155
[Patent Document 2]
JP 2000-333630 A
[Patent Document 3]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-266236
[Patent Document 4]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-191846
[Patent Document 5]
JP 09-28337 A
[Patent Document 6]
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Sho 63-167751
[Patent Document 7]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 04-141058
[Patent Document 8]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 03-232466
[Patent Document 9]
JP-A-60-105466
[Patent Document 10]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-23871
[Patent Document 11]
JP 58-16653 A
[Patent Document 12]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 07-274880
[Patent Document 13]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-163962
[Patent Document 14]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-25455
[Patent Document 15]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 02-145164
[Patent Document 16]
JP 05-328926 A
[Patent Document 17]
JP-A-10-271971
[Patent Document 18]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 07-132060
[Patent Document 19]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-262585
[Patent Document 20]
JP 2000-41605 A
[Patent Document 21]
JP 2001-314161 A
[Patent Document 22]
JP 09-75023 A
[Patent Document 23]
JP 2001-37434 A
[Patent Document 24]
JP 2000-342207 A
[Patent Document 25]
JP-A-10-295302
[Patent Document 26]
JP 2000-332938 A
[Patent Document 27]
JP 2002-349870 A
[Patent Document 28]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-266237
[Patent Document 29]
JP-A-63-503115
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, the present invention provides a cooking method of pasta that can easily cook pasta and obtain a pasta food having a good texture without using special pasta ingredients and special equipment at home. It is another object of the present invention to provide a cooking method for pasta, which does not generate waste water inevitably associated with normal pasta cooking, reduces the amount of heat required for cooking, and has a low environmental load.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive research to achieve the above-mentioned problems, the inventor sets the amount of water to a sufficient amount necessary to hydrate pasta, and the amount of water used for cooking is higher than that of cooking with a conventional common rice cake. It was greatly reduced, and heating was maintained until the apparent water almost disappeared in the thermally conductive container, and the pasta was found to be edible, and the present invention was completed. Furthermore, it has been found that it is appropriate to add fats and oils in order to prevent adhesion between pasta and improve loosening.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a cooking method for pasta characterized by adding water and fat to pasta, heating and boiling in a heating vessel, and then maintaining the boiling state until water almost disappears apparently. is there. In the present invention, pasta, a sufficient amount of water necessary for absorbing pasta, and a material containing fats and oils are put into a thermally conductive container, heated by appropriate means to boil the water, and then apparently This is achieved by continuing the heating until the water of the paste is almost lost and the pasta is edible.
Although the heating container used by this invention will not be specifically limited if it is a heat conductive container, As an example, the rice cooker which has an automatic control function is used preferably. The cooking method of pasta of the present invention includes an aspect in which the above materials are put into a general rice cooking heater, and the pasta is cooked from the state of water according to ordinary cooking.
In one embodiment of the present invention, after adding water and fat to pasta, an immersion time of up to about 12 hours may be provided before heating, that is, heating can be started within 12 hours. . In one embodiment of the present invention, the boiling state may be maintained until the water almost disappears, and then may be maintained at a temperature of 60 ° C. or higher for about 8 hours.
[0013]
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after cooking, in order to obtain pasta food products having moderate viscoelasticity and hardness, pasta before water addition has a water content of 7 to 15% and an apparent density of 0.25 to 0.70 ( g / cm 3 ). In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, 200 to 1500 parts by mass of water and 0.1 to 15 parts by mass of fats and oils are appropriate for the amount of water added to the pasta and the amount of oil to be added. .
In the cooking method of the present invention, at least one selected from seasonings, colorants and ingredients can be further added to the pasta and heated and boiled.
The present invention is further directed to pasta foods produced by the above-described method for cooking pasta, refrigerated products or frozen products thereof.
[0014]
The method of directly boiling and heat-treating pasta without spilling boil can make it ready for eating as long as it has sufficient heating time. However, in order to obtain the better texture and mouthfeel of pasta by this method, the present inventor pays attention to the moisture and apparent density of pasta to be cooked, and by strictly defining these, the purpose is improved. I have found that I can achieve it. The reason for this is not clear yet, but it is thought to be as follows.
When pasta is put into boiling water, hot water penetrates into the noodle strings from the surface of the pasta, and hydration and starch gelatinization progress from the outside to the center of the noodle. The cross-section of pasta that has been boiled moderately gives a certain gradient in moisture and degree of gelatinization from the surface to the center, and this is recognized as a firm texture. In the method without spilling, the balance between hydration and pregelatinization is lost, and it is difficult to obtain the optimum gradient between the two in the noodle strings. As a result, only the surface of the pasta can be boiled and the central part remains raw, or conversely, it can be boiled to the central part, leading to a phenomenon in which the peculiar stiffness of the pasta is lost. The apparent density is considered to be substantially correlated with the surface area of pasta, and the smaller the apparent density, the larger the surface area, the larger the contact area with water, and the higher the heat transfer to the inside of the noodles and the pregelatinization rate. It is thought that the moisture content of pasta mainly affects the hydration rate, and the higher the moisture content, the easier the hydration proceeds to the center in a short time. In order to make it better, it is assumed that both the hydration and the pregelatinization are maintained in an appropriate balance and gradient equivalent to the original cooking method by keeping the apparent density and moisture within the above ranges. The
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Pasta is roughly classified into long pasta and short pasta, and many kinds are manufactured and marketed depending on the thickness and length, surface grooves and patterns, presence or absence of hollow in the center, and combinations of these attributes. ing. Pasta to which the cooking method of the present invention is applied is not particularly limited. Moreover, any of a dried product, a semi-dried product, a boiled product, a raw product, a semi-finished product, a frozen product, and the like may be used, and there is no particular limitation.
Pasta used in the present invention is not limited to the raw materials used for its production, it is possible to use not only general durum semolina and durum wheat flour, but also other flours and whole wheat flours, and also need flour other than wheat Can be used according to. Pasta to which auxiliary ingredients other than flour are added can also be used. Generally, raw eggs, dried eggs, plant proteins, coloring agents, various vegetables and powders, wheat bran, seasonings, etc. are known as representative auxiliary ingredients. It is done.
[0016]
An example of the shape and name of a typical pasta and an actual measured value of its apparent density is shown below. Of course, even with the same type of pasta, the apparent density is not uniform due to thickness, thickness, presence and size of cavities, depth and number of grooves and ridges, and other factors. The present invention is not limited to the types of pasta listed below. The apparent density referred to in the present specification is obtained by calculating by dividing the pasta mass when the pasta is densely packed into a cylindrical container having a constant volume by the volume of the container. Note that pasta with a moisture content of 10 to 13% was used for all apparent density measurements.
[0017]
Figure 2005013133
[0018]
In the cooking method of the present invention, the moisture content is 7 to 15%, the apparent density is 0.25 to 0.70 (g / cm 3 ) Can be preferably used, and in particular, the water content is 10 to 13%, the apparent density is 0.35 to 0.50 (g / cm 3 ) Is preferred. Within the range of the water content and the apparent density described above, the heat is good, the pregelatinization and the hydration proceed moderately, and cooking provides a particularly appropriate viscoelasticity and hardness.
[0019]
The water added to the pasta is hydrated by permeating into the tissue of the pasta and being heated, and the starch contained in the pasta is alphatized and edible, and also promotes protein denaturation, It has the effect of imparting a firm texture with viscoelasticity and hardness. It also serves as a heat medium that conducts the heat energy of the heat source to the pasta. Conventionally, a large amount of water has been used as boiled water for cooking pasta, but in the present invention, a sufficient amount of water may be used to hydrate the pasta. The amount of water added can be adjusted according to the shape and size of the pasta to be cooked, the desired hardness and the crunchiness, and the like.
Specifically, 200 to 1500 parts by mass of water is suitable for 100 parts by mass of pasta, and 300 to 600 parts by mass is particularly suitable. In addition, food materials having the same properties as water, such as milk, can be used in accordance with water, and in this case, the total amount of water falls within the above range.
As will be described later, when vegetables or other materials are further added to pasta, it is desirable to adjust the amount of water depending on the moisture content of the materials.
In the conventional cooking method, the pasta is introduced after the water has boiled. However, if it is within the scope of the present invention, the pasta can be introduced into the water at room temperature, which makes cooking easier.
[0020]
Oils and fats have the effect of preventing noodles from sticking and maintaining good loosening when cooking pasta. The oil and fat used in the present invention may be anything as long as it is generally used for food, and can be used regardless of liquid or solid, such as salad oil, white squeezed oil, butter, margarine, and shortening. There are many known fats and oils such as soybeans, rapeseed, corn, cottonseed, olives, rice, sesame, etc. Either can be used accordingly. In addition, materials similar to oils and fats, such as diacylglycerol, can be used in the same manner as oils and fats. Furthermore, fats and oils blended with an emulsifier, an antifoaming agent and other additives can be used as long as they meet the object of the present invention. The amount of fats and oils to be added at the time of cooking may be an amount necessary and sufficient to prevent the pasta from adhering to each other and improve loosening. Specifically, 0.1 to 15 parts by weight is appropriate for 100 parts by weight of pasta, and 5 to 10 parts by weight is particularly desirable. The method for adding fats and oils to pasta may involve entrapping fats and oils to pasta before adding water, and it is effective to carry out the pasta into water at the same time.
[0021]
In the present invention, in addition to pasta, water and fats and oils, in addition to salt, seasonings such as pepper and soup, colorants, and vegetables, salmon, meat, seafood, eggs and the like You may add at least 1 sort (s) chosen from ingredients simultaneously. By doing so, a variety of pasta foods can be provided. If it is meat and seafood, you may add what has been cooked beforehand. What is necessary is just to select suitably the addition amount of the said salt, a seasoning, a coloring agent, and ingredients.
In the past, it was necessary to separate the process of combining pasta with the process of cooking pasta, but by removing the spilled spills as in the present invention, one process can be realized, further simplifying the work. The
[0022]
In the cooking method of this invention, after adding water and fats and oils to pasta, you may start a heating immediately or you may provide the immersion time to about 12 hours. By providing an appropriate dipping time, a pasta food having a good texture can be obtained.
[0023]
Cooking according to the present invention is achieved by simultaneously charging the above-mentioned raw materials into a thermally conductive container, heating by appropriate means to boil the water, and maintaining the boiling state for a necessary time until the water almost disappears apparently. Is done. In one embodiment of the present invention, the boiling state may be maintained until the water almost disappears, and then may be maintained at a temperature of 60 ° C. or higher for about 8 hours.
The duration of heating is not particularly limited. In short, it is sufficient that apparent moisture is almost eliminated and pasta is in an edible state. Heating can be done by any method that can obtain the necessary and sufficient amount of heat, such as electric heating, gas, electromagnetic, etc. Also, a heat-resistant lid is placed on the top of the container to keep the internal pressure of the container above normal pressure during cooking The method to do can also be used suitably as needed.
As the heating container used in the cooking method of the present invention, in addition to the pan, an apparatus (rice cooker) for automatically controlling the cooking state with a microcomputer or the like to cook the cooked rice in an optimum state is particularly suitable. Furthermore, in the case of a rice cooker, by using a built-in timer, it becomes possible to set the cooking end time in advance, thereby improving the time flexibility of cooking.
The pasta food manufactured by the cooking method of this invention can be eaten as it is. Further, it can be stored refrigerated or frozen by a conventional method, and can also be distributed in suitable packaging.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method for cooking pasta of the present invention, there is no need to boil water, drain the water after frying, discard the water in the boil, and the cooking method is simple. Moreover, the cooking method of pasta of this invention does not require a special apparatus and apparatus, and the general cooking utensil and heat source in a home are enough. In addition, since no spilling is required, the amount of waste water can be reduced and the burden on the environment can be reduced.
The pasta food made by the cooking method of the present invention has a moderate viscoelasticity, hardness, and chewy texture, which is comparable to that of the conventional cooking method. In the cooking method of the present invention, when adding an auxiliary material, it becomes possible to simultaneously add with pasta, which is more convenient.
Furthermore, in the cooking method of the present invention, only the necessary amount of water is heated, so there is little waste of heat and energy efficiency is high. Furthermore, in the cooking method of the present invention, simple cooking can be performed by using a general household rice cooker as a heating container.
[0025]
The results of examining the apparent density of pasta, the amount of water added to pasta, and the amount of oil added to pasta are shown below.
<Apparent density of pasta>
Using pasta with various apparent densities, add 300 parts by weight of water and 10 parts by weight of fat (salad oil) to 100 parts by weight of pasta, and cook for 45 minutes using an automatic rice cooker (for home use). After cooking, the texture of the resulting pasta food was examined. The results are shown below.
[Table 1]
Figure 2005013133
XX ... Too soft
× ・ ・ ・ Hard
○ ・ ・ ・ Good
◎ ... Good with stiffness
[0026]
<Amount of water added to pasta>
The amount of water was varied and cooked using an automatic rice cooker (for home use), and the texture of the resulting pasta food was examined. In addition, 10 mass parts of fats and oils were added with respect to 100 mass parts of pasta, and the pasta used was macaroni (trade name: Ohmai Fusili, Nippon Flour Mills Co., Ltd. dry pasta, moisture 11.0%, apparent density 0.30 g / cm 3 ).
[Table 2]
Figure 2005013133
XX ... Hard
× ・ ・ ・ Too soft
○ ・ ・ ・ Good
◎ ... Good with stiffness
[0027]
<Amount of fat added to pasta>
300 parts by weight of water was added to 100 parts by weight of pasta, salad oil was added thereto, and cooking was performed using an automatic rice cooker (for home use). The state and taste of the obtained pasta food were examined. The pasta used was macaroni (trade name: Ohmai Fusili, dried pasta manufactured by Nippon Flour Mills Co., Ltd., the same as above).
[Table 3]
Figure 2005013133
Xx ... The noodles adhered.
× ... poor taste
○ ・ ・ ・ No adhesion
◎ ・ ・ ・ No adhesion, good taste
[0028]
【Example】
The cooking example by the cooking method of this invention is given to the following.
Example 1
material
120g dried pasta fujiri (water 11%, apparent density 0.3)
500cc water
10g olive oil
Shimeji 100g
70g bacon
Red pepper
Parsley appropriate amount
A little garlic
A little salt
Some chicken broth soup
A little pepper
How to make: (1) Shimeji was divided into small bunches and bacon was cut into appropriate sizes.
(2) Mameji, bacon, garlic, soup stock, olive oil, water, dried pasta, salt and pepper were mixed in the kettle.
(3) Soaked for 2 hours and cooked with an automatic rice cooker.
(4) Served in a bowl and chopped red peppers and parsley.
[0029]
Example 2
material
150g of raw pasta farfalle
(Moisture 30%, apparent density 0.25)
50g chicken breast
Edamame 80g
20g fresh cream
300 g of water
10g butter
Salt
Proper amount of pepper
How to make: (1) Chicken breast cut into small pieces, green soybeans, water, butter, salt, pepper and fresh pasta were put in a kettle and mixed.
(2) Cooked with an automatic rice cooker.
(3) Fresh cream was served and served in a bowl.
[0030]
Example 3
material
150g boiled pasta macaroni
(Moisture 62.0%, Apparent density 0.15)
Shrimp (cut large ones small) 80g
1 slice of garlic slice
1/2 red chili pepper
10g salad oil
300 g of water
Salt
Proper amount of pepper
Appropriate amount of chopped parsley
How to make: (1) Pasta was mixed in shrimp, garlic, red pepper, salad oil, water, salt, pepper and rice cake.
(2) Cooked with an automatic rice cooker.
(3) Served in a bowl and chopped parsley.
[0031]
Example 4
material
120g dried macaroni (water 12.2%, apparent density 0.50)
400cc water
10g olive oil
Shimeji 100g
70g bacon
Red pepper
Parsley appropriate amount
Garlic a little
A little salt
A little chicken glass scoop
A little pepper
How to make: (1) Shimeji was divided into small bunches and bacon was cut into appropriate sizes.
(2) In a pan, add shimeji mushrooms, bacon, garlic, soup stock, olive oil, water, macaroni, salt, pepper and mix.
(3) Boiled with medium-burning gas, and further boiled with occasional stirring until water apparently disappeared.
(4) Served in a bowl and sprinkled with red peppers and parsley.
[0032]
The pasta food obtained by the above method has an appropriate texture and is completely comparable to the conventional cooking method in appearance, texture, taste, etc., and the cooking effort is greatly simplified. It was done. In addition, it was much better than the conventional method in that it was not necessary to dispose of boiling water.

Claims (9)

パスタ類に加水し及び油脂を添加して、加熱容器において加熱、沸騰させ、次いで水が見掛け上ほぼ消失するまで沸騰状態を保持することを特徴とするパスタ類の調理方法。A cooking method for pasta characterized by adding water and fat to pasta, heating and boiling in a heating container, and then maintaining the boiling state until water almost disappears apparently. 加熱容器が自動制御機能を有する炊飯器である請求項1又は2記載のパスタ類の調理方法。The method for cooking pasta according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heating container is a rice cooker having an automatic control function. パスタ類に加水し及び油脂を添加した後、12時間以内に加熱を開始する請求項1又は2記載のパスタの調理方法。The method for cooking pasta according to claim 1 or 2, wherein heating is started within 12 hours after adding water and fat to the pasta. 水が見掛け上ほぼ消失するまで沸騰状態を保持した後、60℃以上の温度で更に8時間以内保持する請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載のパスタの調理方法。The method for cooking pasta according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the boiling state is maintained until the water substantially disappears, and then the temperature is maintained at 60 ° C or higher for further 8 hours. 加水前のパスタ類が水分含量7〜15%且つ見掛け密度0.25〜0.70(g/cm)である請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載のパスタの調理方法。The pasta cooking method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pasta before water has a water content of 7 to 15% and an apparent density of 0.25 to 0.70 (g / cm 3 ). パスタ類100質量部に対し200〜1500質量部の水、及び0.1〜15質量部の油脂を加える、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載のパスタの調理方法。The cooking method of pasta of any one of Claims 1-5 which adds 200-1500 mass parts water and 0.1-15 mass parts fats and oils with respect to 100 mass parts of pasta. パスタ類にさらに調味料、着色剤及び具材から選ばれる少なくとも1種を添加して加熱、沸騰させる請求項1〜6のいずれか1項記載の調理方法。The cooking method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least one selected from seasonings, colorants and ingredients is further added to the pasta and heated and boiled. 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項記載のパスタ類の調理方法により製造されたパスタ食品。The pasta food manufactured by the cooking method of pasta of any one of Claims 1-7. 冷蔵品又は冷凍品である請求項8記載のパスタ食品。The pasta food according to claim 8, which is a refrigerated product or a frozen product.
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