JP2004361262A - Pretreatment method for measuring corrosion crack - Google Patents

Pretreatment method for measuring corrosion crack Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004361262A
JP2004361262A JP2003160429A JP2003160429A JP2004361262A JP 2004361262 A JP2004361262 A JP 2004361262A JP 2003160429 A JP2003160429 A JP 2003160429A JP 2003160429 A JP2003160429 A JP 2003160429A JP 2004361262 A JP2004361262 A JP 2004361262A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
corrosion crack
corrosion
crack
pretreatment method
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
JP2003160429A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masao Itaya
雅雄 板谷
Masayuki Asano
政之 淺野
Masaaki Kikuchi
正明 菊池
Toshiyuki Saito
利之 斎藤
Norihiko Tanaka
徳彦 田中
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Toshiba Corp
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Toshiba Corp
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Priority to JP2003160429A priority Critical patent/JP2004361262A/en
Publication of JP2004361262A publication Critical patent/JP2004361262A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/025Change of phase or condition
    • G01N2291/0258Structural degradation, e.g. fatigue of composites, ageing of oils
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/044Internal reflections (echoes), e.g. on walls or defects

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem wherein a sediment such as a corrosion product and an oxide coating film accumulated in a crack is recognized as one portion of a structure to disturb accurate measurement for a crack dimension, when the crack dimension is measured by a nondestructive inspection by an ultrasonic wave or the like, in the measurement for the corrosion crack generated in an in-pile structure of a nuclear reactor. <P>SOLUTION: A direct current voltage is impressed between an electrode 4 and a specimen (structure) 1 in water or an electrolyte 5 before measuring the corrosion crack 2, and anodic dissolution is caused thereby in a tip part of the corrosion crack 2 to separate the sediment 3 from an inner face of the corrosion crack 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、構造物に生じた腐食き裂の寸法等の測定の前処理方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
例えば原子力発電プラントなどにおいて、原子炉の配管、あるいは炉内構造物などの材料に使われているオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼は経年使用により腐食環境中で応力腐食割れを起こし、構造物表面に腐食き裂を発生させる場合がある。
この腐食き裂を早期に発見し、原子炉の安全性を確保するために原子炉配管、あるいは炉内構造物などの表面検査を行い表面欠陥の検出を行っている。
【0003】
表面欠陥の検出には一般的に、浸透探傷法、磁粉探傷法、超音波法などが使用されてきた。特に、原子炉の応力腐食割れによる腐食き裂の大きさを確認するための測定は主に超音波法により行われている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
これまでの超音波法による腐食き裂の測定では、構造物表面に付着した酸化物の除去のため、研磨など簡単な前処理を施すことはあるものの、き裂の内部については、特段の処理は行われていなかった。
【0005】
しかし、腐食き裂では、き裂の中の先端部に腐食生成物や酸化皮膜などが堆積している場合があり、超音波による非破壊検査でき裂寸法を測定すると、この堆積物が構造物の一部として認識され、き裂寸法、特にき裂深さを短く検出してしまい測定の誤差が発生するという可能性があった。
本発明は以上の課題を除去し、測定誤差の少ない腐食き裂測定の前処理方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために請求項1に記載の発明は、非破壊検査による腐食き裂測定の前処理方法において、被検体の腐食き裂の測定前に水または電解液中で、き裂表面近傍に配置した電極を陰極とし、被検体を陽極として直流電圧を印可し、腐食き裂先端部にアノード溶解を生じさせるようにしたことを特徴とする。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。図1は本発明の第1の実施の形態を示す図である。
【0008】
図1において、1は原子炉の配管、あるいは炉内構造物などの非破壊表面検査の対象となる被検体、2はこの被検体1に発生した腐食き裂、3は腐食き裂2の内部に堆積した腐食生成物や酸化皮膜などの堆積物、4は腐食き裂2の近傍に配置された白金などからなる電極、5は前記腐食き裂2と電極4とを浸すように図示しない容器内に収納された水または電解液である。
前記被検体1及び電極4はそれぞれリード線6を介して直流電源7に接続されている。
【0009】
次に本実施の形態の作用について説明する。まず、腐食き裂の測定前に水あるいは電解液5中で、被検体1を陽極、電極4を陰極として直流電源7から直流電圧を印加すると、非検体1に直流電流が流れ、腐食き裂2の先端部でアノード溶解と呼ばれる電気分解を生じて腐食き裂2の先端が溶出する。
腐食き裂2の先端が溶出することにより、腐食き裂2内の腐食生成物や酸化皮膜などの堆積物3は腐食き裂2の内面から剥離する。
【0010】
次に、いったん被検体1を陽極、電極4を陰極として通電し、アノード溶解を発生させ、堆積物3を腐食き裂3の内面から剥離させた後、今度は逆に被検体1を陰極、電極4を陽極として直流電圧を印加すると、腐食き裂2の内部に水素ガスが発生し、この水素ガスにより腐食き裂2の内面から剥離した堆積物3が腐食き裂2の外部へ押し出される。
【0011】
その後、超音波法などによる腐食き裂2の測定を行うことにより、腐食生成物などの堆積物3が腐食き裂2内に堆積した状態に比べてより正確に腐食き裂2の寸法(幅、深さ、広さ等)を測定することができる。
【0012】
次に本発明の第2の実施の形態について図2を参照して説明する。なお、以下の実施の形態の説明において、図1に示す第1の実施の形態と同一部分には同一の符号を付し、詳細な説明は省略する。
【0013】
図2において、8は腐食き裂2の近傍に配置されたノズルで、図示しないポンプでノズル8より水または電解液5を腐食き裂2の内部に向けて噴出させることにより墳流を発生させる。
【0014】
腐食き裂2の内部では剥離した堆積物3が噴流によって腐食き裂2の外部へ追い出され、堆積物3が腐食き裂2内に堆積した状態に比べてより正確に腐食き裂2の寸法を測定することができる。
例えば原子炉圧力容器内の機器に対して本方法を適用する場合には、水または電解液6として炉水がそのまま利用できる利点がある。
【0015】
次に本発明の第3の実施の形態について図3を参照して説明する。
図3において、9は腐食き裂2の近傍に配置されたでプロペラで、図示しない駆動機構でプロペラ9を回転させることにより水または電解液5を攪拌し、対流を生じさせる。
【0016】
腐食き裂2の内部では剥離した堆積物3がプロペラ9の回転による攪拌流によって腐食き裂2の外へ追い出され、堆積物3が腐食き裂2内に堆積した状態に比べてより正確に腐食き裂2の寸法を測定することができる。
【0017】
次に本発明の第4の実施の形態について図4を参照して説明する。
図4において、10は被検体1の腐食き裂2が発生した表面及び電極4を覆うセルで、このセル10により被検体1と電極4との間に電位差を与えたときには、被検体1の表面の内、セル10により囲まれる領域のみに電流が流れる。
【0018】
このため、対象となる被検体の表面が特定され、被検体1と電極4との間の水または電解液5を流れる電流の電流密度を制御して通電することができ堆積物の剥離が効率よく行える。
【0019】
また、セル10の外の環境と関係なく、セル10の中に被検体1の材質及び堆積物3の種類に応じて、堆積物3を除去するために最適な電解液を充填することができ、堆積物の剥離が効率よく行える。
【0020】
この最適な電解液は、予め実験室あるいはモックアップ(原寸模型)試験により、腐食き裂内の腐食生成物を除去するために最適な電流密度と通電時間の条件を決定しておくことによりより効果的に堆積物の除去が行える。
【0021】
次に本発明の第5の実施の形態について図5を参照して説明する。
図5において、11は電解液12を満たしたタンクで、このタンク11と腐食き裂2の表面及び電極4を覆うセル10との間をホース13で繋ぎ、ポンプ14により電解液12をタンク11とセル10との間で循環させる構造となっている。
【0022】
これにより、腐食き裂2の表面に溶出してきた堆積物3はセル10内に留まらず、セル10外に排出することができるとともに電解液12の劣化を防ぎ、セル10内に常に一定の成分の安定した電解液12を供給することができる。
【0023】
次に本発明の第6の実施の形態について図6を参照して説明する。
図6において、15は図5における電極4及びセル10を内部に収納するヘッドで、さらにこのヘッド15を被検体1の表面上で走査及び固定できるように駆動機構16を備えている。
【0024】
このようにすると、被検体1の表面にできた複数の、あるいは離れた個所にできた腐食き裂に対してヘッド15を駆動装置16により移動させることにより容易に測定を行うことができる。
【0025】
この場合、電極4および電解液12を封入するセル10を腐食き裂の少しでも近くに設置するために位置をモニタするカメラを設け、このモニタカメラにより電極およびセルの位置を監視しながらこのモニタ信号により駆動装置16を動かすようにするとよい。
このようにすると、人間の手によらず、遠隔でも電極及びセルを設置できるため被爆防止を図ることができる。
【0026】
なお、前記第1乃至第6の実施の形態において、被検体1の表面の腐食き裂2以外の部分を不導体で被覆して通電するとき裂内表面で高い電流密度を得ることができるとともに、腐食き裂以外の健全部の影響を少なくできるという利点がある。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、測定誤差の少ない腐食き裂測定の前処理方法を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明第1の実施の形態を示す概略正面図。
【図2】本発明第2の実施の形態を示す概略正面図。
【図3】本発明第3の実施の形態を示す概略正面図。
【図4】本発明第4の実施の形態を示す概略正面図。
【図5】本発明第5の実施の形態を示す概略正面図。
【図6】本発明第6の実施の形態を示す概略正面図。
【符号の説明】
1…被検体、2…腐食き裂、3…堆積物、4…電極、5…水または電解液、6…リード線、7…直流電源、8…ノズル、9…プロペラ、10…セル、11…タンク、12…電解液、13…ホース、14…ポンプ、15…ヘッド、16…駆動機構。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pretreatment method for measuring the size and the like of a corrosion crack generated in a structure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, in a nuclear power plant, austenitic stainless steel used for materials such as nuclear reactor piping or reactor internals causes stress corrosion cracking in a corrosive environment due to aging and causes corrosion cracks on the surface of structures. May occur.
This corrosion crack is found at an early stage, and surface defects are detected by inspecting the surface of reactor piping or reactor internals to ensure the safety of the reactor.
[0003]
In general, a penetrant inspection method, a magnetic particle inspection method, an ultrasonic method, and the like have been used for detecting a surface defect. In particular, the measurement for confirming the size of the corrosion crack due to the stress corrosion cracking of the nuclear reactor is mainly performed by the ultrasonic method.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional measurement of corrosion cracks by the ultrasonic method, simple pretreatment such as polishing is performed to remove oxides adhering to the surface of the structure, but special treatment is performed inside the cracks. Was not done.
[0005]
However, in the case of corrosion cracks, corrosion products and oxide films may be deposited at the tip of the cracks. And the crack size, especially the crack depth, may be detected as short, resulting in a measurement error.
An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above problems and to provide a pretreatment method for corrosion crack measurement with a small measurement error.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 is a pretreatment method for measuring a corrosion crack by nondestructive inspection, wherein the crack surface is measured in water or an electrolytic solution before the measurement of the corrosion crack of the specimen. A DC voltage is applied by using the electrode disposed in the vicinity as a cathode and the test object as an anode to cause anode dissolution at the tip of the corrosion crack.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
[0008]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an object to be subjected to a non-destructive surface inspection of a reactor pipe or a reactor internal structure, etc., 2 denotes a corrosion crack generated in the object 1, and 3 denotes an inside of the corrosion crack 2. Deposits such as corrosion products and oxide films deposited on the surface, 4 is an electrode made of platinum or the like disposed in the vicinity of the corrosion crack 2, 5 is a container (not shown) so that the corrosion crack 2 and the electrode 4 are immersed therein. Water or electrolyte contained in the
The subject 1 and the electrodes 4 are each connected to a DC power supply 7 via a lead wire 6.
[0009]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described. First, when a DC voltage is applied from a DC power supply 7 using the subject 1 as an anode and the electrode 4 as a cathode in water or the electrolytic solution 5 before measuring a corrosion crack, a DC current flows through the non-sample 1, and the corrosion crack is generated. Electrolysis called anodic dissolution occurs at the tip of No. 2 and the tip of corrosion crack 2 elutes.
As the tip of the corrosion crack 2 elutes, the deposits 3 such as corrosion products and oxide films in the corrosion crack 2 are separated from the inner surface of the corrosion crack 2.
[0010]
Next, once the test subject 1 is used as an anode and the electrode 4 is used as a cathode, an electric current is applied to cause anode dissolution, and the deposit 3 is peeled off from the inner surface of the corrosion crack 3. When a DC voltage is applied using the electrode 4 as an anode, hydrogen gas is generated inside the corrosion crack 2, and the hydrogen gas pushes the deposit 3 separated from the inner surface of the corrosion crack 2 to the outside of the corrosion crack 2. .
[0011]
Thereafter, by measuring the corrosion crack 2 by an ultrasonic method or the like, the dimension (width) of the corrosion crack 2 is more accurately compared to a state where the deposit 3 such as a corrosion product is deposited in the corrosion crack 2. , Depth, width, etc.) can be measured.
[0012]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the following description of the embodiment, the same portions as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description will be omitted.
[0013]
In FIG. 2, reference numeral 8 denotes a nozzle arranged in the vicinity of the corrosion crack 2, and a pump (not shown) ejects water or the electrolytic solution 5 from the nozzle 8 toward the inside of the corrosion crack 2, thereby generating a torn flow. .
[0014]
Inside the corrosion crack 2, the separated sediment 3 is expelled by the jet to the outside of the corrosion crack 2, and the size of the corrosion crack 2 is more accurately compared to a state where the deposit 3 is deposited inside the corrosion crack 2. Can be measured.
For example, when the present method is applied to equipment in a reactor pressure vessel, there is an advantage that reactor water can be used as water or the electrolyte 6 as it is.
[0015]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 3, reference numeral 9 denotes a propeller disposed near the corrosion crack 2, which rotates the propeller 9 by a drive mechanism (not shown) to agitate the water or the electrolytic solution 5 to generate convection.
[0016]
In the inside of the corrosion crack 2, the separated deposit 3 is driven out of the corrosion crack 2 by the stirring flow by the rotation of the propeller 9, and is more accurately compared to a state where the deposit 3 is deposited in the corrosion crack 2. The dimensions of the corrosion crack 2 can be measured.
[0017]
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 4, reference numeral 10 denotes a cell that covers the surface of the subject 1 where the corrosion crack 2 has occurred and the electrode 4. When a potential difference is applied between the subject 1 and the electrode 4 by the cell 10, the cell 10 A current flows only in a region surrounded by the cell 10 in the surface.
[0018]
For this reason, the surface of the target subject is specified, the current density of the current flowing through the water or the electrolyte solution 5 between the subject 1 and the electrode 4 can be controlled and the current can be supplied, and the separation of the deposit can be efficiently performed. Well done.
[0019]
Further, regardless of the environment outside the cell 10, the cell 10 can be filled with an optimum electrolytic solution for removing the deposit 3 according to the material of the subject 1 and the type of the deposit 3. In addition, the sediment can be efficiently removed.
[0020]
This optimal electrolyte solution is determined by determining the optimal current density and conduction time conditions for removing corrosion products in corrosion cracks in advance in a laboratory or mock-up (full-scale model) test. The deposit can be effectively removed.
[0021]
Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 5, reference numeral 11 denotes a tank filled with an electrolytic solution 12, and this tank 11 is connected to a cell 10 covering the surface of the corrosion crack 2 and the electrode 4 by a hose 13, and the electrolytic solution 12 is pumped by the pump 14. And the cell 10 is circulated.
[0022]
As a result, the deposit 3 eluted on the surface of the corrosion crack 2 does not stay in the cell 10 but can be discharged to the outside of the cell 10 and at the same time, the deterioration of the electrolytic solution 12 can be prevented. The stable electrolyte solution 12 can be supplied.
[0023]
Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 6, reference numeral 15 denotes a head for housing the electrode 4 and the cell 10 in FIG. 5, and further includes a drive mechanism 16 so that the head 15 can be scanned and fixed on the surface of the subject 1.
[0024]
By doing so, the measurement can be easily performed by moving the head 15 by the driving device 16 for a plurality of corrosion cracks formed on the surface of the subject 1 or at a plurality of separated places.
[0025]
In this case, a camera for monitoring the position is provided in order to install the cell 4 enclosing the electrode 4 and the electrolytic solution 12 as close as possible to the corrosion crack. The driving device 16 may be moved by a signal.
By doing so, the electrodes and cells can be installed remotely without human intervention, so that exposure can be prevented.
[0026]
In the first to sixth embodiments, when a portion other than the corrosion crack 2 on the surface of the subject 1 is covered with a nonconductor and energized, a high current density can be obtained on the inner surface of the crack. In addition, there is an advantage that the influence of a healthy part other than a corrosion crack can be reduced.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a pretreatment method for corrosion crack measurement with a small measurement error.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic front view showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic front view showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Subject, 2 ... Corrosion crack, 3 ... Deposit, 4 ... Electrode, 5 ... Water or electrolyte, 6 ... Lead wire, 7 ... DC power supply, 8 ... Nozzle, 9 ... Propeller, 10 ... Cell, 11 ... tank, 12 ... electrolyte, 13 ... hose, 14 ... pump, 15 ... head, 16 ... drive mechanism.

Claims (7)

非破壊検査による腐食き裂測定の前処理方法において、被検体の腐食き裂の測定前に、水または電解液中でき裂表面近傍に配置した電極を陰極とし、被検体を陽極として直流電圧を印可し、腐食き裂先端部にアノード溶解を生じさせるようにしたことを特徴とする腐食き裂測定の前処理方法。In the pretreatment method for corrosion crack measurement by non-destructive inspection, before measuring the corrosion crack of the specimen, the electrode placed near the crack surface in water or electrolyte was used as the cathode, and the DC voltage was applied using the specimen as the anode. A pretreatment method for corrosion crack measurement, wherein the method is applied to cause anode dissolution at the tip of the corrosion crack. アノード溶解の発生した後、水または電解液中で電極を陽極、被検体を陰極として直流電圧を印加させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の腐食き裂測定の前処理方法。2. The pretreatment method for corrosion crack measurement according to claim 1, wherein a DC voltage is applied in water or an electrolytic solution using the electrode as an anode and the test object as a cathode after anodic dissolution occurs. 腐食き裂の内部に向けて、水または電解液を噴出させて噴流を生じさせながら直流電圧を印加することを特徴とする請求項1または2のいずれかに記載の腐食き裂測定の前処理方法。The pretreatment for corrosion crack measurement according to claim 1, wherein a DC voltage is applied while jetting water or an electrolytic solution toward the inside of the corrosion crack to generate a jet. Method. 腐食き裂の表面近傍で水または電解液を撹拌させながら直流電圧を印加することを特徴とする請求項1または2のいずれかに記載の腐食き裂測定の前処理方法。The pretreatment method for corrosion crack measurement according to claim 1, wherein a DC voltage is applied while stirring water or an electrolyte near the surface of the corrosion crack. 腐食き裂表面及び電極をセルで覆い電流密度を制御しながら直流電圧を印加することを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の腐食き裂測定の前処理方法。5. The pretreatment method for corrosion crack measurement according to claim 1, wherein a DC voltage is applied while controlling the current density by covering the corrosion crack surface and the electrode with a cell. セルの中に被検体の材質に対して特定の電解液を満たして直流電圧を印加することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の腐食き裂測定の前処理方法。6. The pretreatment method for corrosion crack measurement according to claim 5, wherein the cell is filled with a specific electrolytic solution for the material of the subject and a DC voltage is applied. 電解液を蓄えたタンク及び電解液輸送用ポンプを設置し、上記タンクとセルとの間で電解液を循環させながら直流電圧を印加することを特徴とする請求項5または6のいずれかに記載の腐食き裂測定の前処理方法。7. A tank storing an electrolyte and a pump for transporting the electrolyte are installed, and a DC voltage is applied while circulating the electrolyte between the tank and the cell. Pretreatment method for corrosion crack measurement of steel.
JP2003160429A 2003-06-05 2003-06-05 Pretreatment method for measuring corrosion crack Withdrawn JP2004361262A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102220768A (en) * 2010-04-19 2011-10-19 广东省建筑科学研究院 Method for detecting integrity of concrete foundation pile body
JP2013160619A (en) * 2012-02-03 2013-08-19 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Method for electrolytic etching and method for maintenance of structural member
CN107941555A (en) * 2017-11-20 2018-04-20 中国矿业大学 A kind of well depthkeeping degree water-bearing layer water sampler that can determine whether underground water cross strata pollution
CN113604864A (en) * 2021-06-29 2021-11-05 晋西工业集团有限责任公司 Depth-controllable electrolytic stripping method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102220768A (en) * 2010-04-19 2011-10-19 广东省建筑科学研究院 Method for detecting integrity of concrete foundation pile body
JP2013160619A (en) * 2012-02-03 2013-08-19 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Method for electrolytic etching and method for maintenance of structural member
CN107941555A (en) * 2017-11-20 2018-04-20 中国矿业大学 A kind of well depthkeeping degree water-bearing layer water sampler that can determine whether underground water cross strata pollution
CN113604864A (en) * 2021-06-29 2021-11-05 晋西工业集团有限责任公司 Depth-controllable electrolytic stripping method

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