JP2004339153A - Germination inhibitor package of garlic and germination inhibition method - Google Patents

Germination inhibitor package of garlic and germination inhibition method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004339153A
JP2004339153A JP2003137324A JP2003137324A JP2004339153A JP 2004339153 A JP2004339153 A JP 2004339153A JP 2003137324 A JP2003137324 A JP 2003137324A JP 2003137324 A JP2003137324 A JP 2003137324A JP 2004339153 A JP2004339153 A JP 2004339153A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
garlic
germination
ethylene
package
permeable
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JP2003137324A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4362691B2 (en
Inventor
Teruo Takeuchi
照雄 竹内
Kazuo Oikawa
和男 及川
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Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Inc
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Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Inc
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the germination of garlic, prevent the decrease of its eatable part, and maintain the value as a proper foodstuff during the storage-distribution period from the harvest of garlic until it is offered for eating. <P>SOLUTION: Garlic, an ethylene generator, and optionally quicklime are put into an air-permeable storage container to be preserved. Preferably, garlic, an adsorptive carrier having adsorbed ethylene, and quicklime are put into the container to be preserved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、収穫後、保存流通中のニンニクの発芽を抑制するニンニクの発芽抑制剤包装体及び発芽抑制方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ニンニクは6月中旬頃収穫されるが、これを常態で放置すると10月頃に発芽し始める。ニンニクは年間を通じて食用とされる為、出来るだけ発芽しない状態で保持されることが望ましい。この発芽抑制の方法として、例えば、−3〜2℃に管理された低温貯蔵や、−1〜0℃、酸素濃度3〜4%、炭酸ガス濃度4〜5%のCA貯蔵が効果的であることが知られている。(非特許文献1)また、0〜1℃で65〜75%の湿度で貯蔵する方法も知られている。(特許文献1)
しかし、これらの低温を利用した発芽抑制方法は、生産地の貯蔵庫では可能であるが、その流通過程においては、実際にそのような条件を満足させるには制御された冷蔵設備が必要であり、安価で容易な方法とは言えなかった。発芽抑制剤として、マレイン酸ヒドラジドコリンやマレイン酸ヒドラジドカリウム等の製剤の葉面散布がニンニクの発芽抑制に効果のあることも知られているが、最近、これら製剤の安全性が問題になってきている。このため、収穫後のニンニクの貯蔵開始から流通消費までの流通過程において、安全性が高く、安価なニンニクの発芽抑制剤及びその発芽抑制方法が求められている。
【0003】
一方、エチレンは、多くの種子の発芽を促進することが知られている。(非特許文献2)ニンニクに対しても、エチレンの排除が発芽抑制効果を有すると考えられてきた。(特許文献1)
【0004】
【非特許文献1】斎藤洋著,「ニンニクの科学」,朝倉書店,2000年6月1日発行,p.75
【0005】
【特許文献1】特開平6−7081号公報
【0006】
【非特許文献2】小柴共一・神谷勇治偏,「新しい植物ホルモンの科学」,講談社,2003年1月20日発行,p.107
【0007】
【本発明を解決するための課題】
本発明の目的は、従来技術の上記した課題を解決して、収穫された後、食用として料理や加工に供されるまでの保管流通中のニンニクの発芽を抑制するニンニクの発芽抑制剤包装体及び発芽抑制方法を提供することにある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、ニンニクの発芽抑制方法について鋭意研究を重ねた結果、これまで青果物類の発芽促進剤と考えられていたエチレンガスが、意外にもニンニクには抑制効果があることを見出し、本発明を完成させた。
【0009】
すなわち、本発明は、ニンニクを、エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体とともに、あるいは、エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体及び生石灰とともに、通気性保存容器に収納することを特徴とするニンニクの発芽抑制方法に関するものである。更に、ニンニクを、エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体を通気性包材で包装した包装体とともに、あるいは、エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体を通気性包材で包装した包装体及び生石灰を通気性包材で包装した包装体とともに、通気性保存容器に収納することを特徴とするニンニクの発芽抑制方法に関する。或いは、ニンニクを、エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体及び生石灰を通気性包材で包装した包装体とともに、通気性保存容器に収納することを特徴とするニンニクの発芽抑制方法に関する。
【0010】
また、エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体、或いは、エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体及び生石灰を、通気性包材で包装した包装体からなるニンニクの発芽抑制剤包装体に関する。
【0011】
本発明は、発芽前のニンニクに適用でき、特に、収穫後約20日以降の萌芽期のニンニク、具体的には、収穫後、低温貯蔵したニンニクの流通過程での発芽抑制に利用できる。
【0012】
本発明において、ニンニクは通気性の保存容器に収納される。保存容器の材質は、紙や不織布、微多孔膜などが用いられる。保存容器の形態や厚みは、ニンニクの量にもより、特に制限はないが、実用的には、少量の場合は40μから100μ程度の紙袋や、紙に孔のあいたプラステイックフィルムをラミネートした包装容器が用いられ、業務用になると、厚み2mm程度の一般的な段ボール箱が用いられる。
【0013】
本発明においては、エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体をエチレン発生剤として用いる。用いられる担体は、エチレンを一旦吸着後、発生するものであれば特に制限されないが、ゼオライト、シリカゲル、活性炭などがあげられ、ゼオライトが好ましい。
【0014】
エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体において、エチレンの担体への吸着量は、担体1gに対して、0.5〜30mg、好ましくは、1〜10mgであり、該担体の使用量は、ニンニク1Kgに対して1〜100gが好ましい。
【0015】
エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体は、通常、エチレン通気性包材で包装して小袋等の包装体で、ニンニクから隔離して使用する。ここで、エチレン通気性包材とは、エチレンを良好に透過する包材であり、開孔を有する、もしくはそれ自体がエチレン透過性を有する樹脂フィルム、微多孔膜、不織布、紙等またはそれらを組み合わせてラミネートした包材である。
【0016】
エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体は、単独で用いてもニンニクの発芽抑制に効果をもたらすが、これに生石灰を組み合せて用いることにより、ニンニクの発芽抑制効果が顕著になる。
【0017】
エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体と生石灰を組み合せる場合、各々単独の剤を包装した包装体を併用しても発芽抑制効果がある。また、エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体と生石灰を混合して包装した包装体は、ニンニクの発芽抑制効果が特に著しい。
【0018】
本発明において用いられる生石灰は、エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体のニンニク発芽抑制効果を高める。通常、生石灰は、通気性包材で包装して小袋等の包装体で使用される。生石灰の使用量は、ニンニク1Kgに対して1〜100gが好ましく、5〜50gが更に好ましい。これより多い場合には、ニンニクの水分含量の低下が大きいために好ましくなく、少ない場合には、発芽抑制の効果が低下する。
【0019】
生石灰は、通常、通気性包材で包装して小袋等の包装体で、ニンニクから隔離して使用する。ここで、通気性包材とは、水蒸気を良好に透過する包材であり、開孔を有する、もしくはそれ自体がこれらの透過性を有する樹脂フィルム、微多孔膜、不織布、紙等またはそれらを組み合わせてラミネートした包材である。
【0020】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の最良の実施形態は、エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体と生石灰との組成物を通気性包材で包装して小袋等の包装体で、ニンニクから隔離して使用する方法である。ここで、通気性包材とは、エチレン及び水蒸気を良好に透過する包材であり、開孔を有する、もしくはそれ自体がこれらの透過性を有する樹脂フィルム、微多孔膜、不織布、紙等またはそれらを組み合わせてラミネートした包材である。
【0021】
本発明は、管理された低温貯蔵庫やCA貯蔵庫を必要とせずに実施できる。すなわち、30℃以下の温度で発芽抑制効果があり、20℃以下好ましくは10℃以下の温度でより発芽抑制効果がある。本発明の方法は、勿論、低温貯蔵庫やCA貯蔵庫内でも適用できる。
【0022】
本発明は、低温貯蔵またはCA貯蔵されたニンニクを流通する際に、厳密な温度管理を必要とせずに容易に実施できるので、大きな利用価値がある。このような場合、予め低温下で、ニンニクをエチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体及び生石灰とともに、通気性保存容器に収納した後、常温等の保存条件に移行する方法を取ることによって、より効果的な利用が出来る。
【0023】
本発明により保存されるニンニクは、業務用にも、一般消費者用の食材としても好適に用いられ、食品産業上の利用価値は極めて高い。
【0024】
【実施例】
次に実施例によって更に詳細に説明する。
実施例1
エチレン0.06gを吸着したゼオライト10gを紙とポリエチレン製繊維状補強材および有孔ポリエチレンをラミネートした通気性包材で包装し、縦75mm×横150mmのエチレン発生剤包装体を調製した。
【0025】
次に、収穫後、−2℃で保存したニンニクの中から健全な20株(約2Kg)を選び、上記エチレン発生剤包装体2個と共に、縦20cm×横27cm×高さ10cm(容量5.4L)の段ボール箱に収納し、15℃〜20℃の室内に10日間放置して、ニンニクの発芽状況を目視で観察した。試験したニンニク全数に対する発芽したニンニクの数を発芽率(%)として求めた。
その結果を、第1表に記載した。
実施例2
生石灰10gを、実施例1と同様の通気性包材で包装し、縦75mm×横150mmの生石灰包装体を調製した。
【0026】
この生石灰包装体2個と、実施例1で調製したエチレン発生剤包装体2個を、実施例1と同様にニンニクと共に段ボールに収納し、10日間放置して、その発芽状況を目視で観察した。
結果を、第1表に記載した。
実施例3
エチレン0.06gを吸着したゼオライト10gと生石灰10gを、実施例1と同様の包装材料で包装し、縦75mm×横150mmのエチレン発生剤・生石灰包装体を調製した。
【0027】
このエチレン発生剤・生石灰包装体2個を、実施例1と同様にニンニクと共に段ボールに収納し、10日間放置して、その発芽状況を目視で観察した。
結果を、第1表に記載した。
比較例1
実施例1において、包装体を用いない以外は、全く同様にして、ニンニクの発芽状況を目視で観察した。
その結果を、第1表に記載した。
【0028】
実施例および比較例で各々放置したニンニクの発芽率を、第1表に示した。
【0029】
【表1】

Figure 2004339153
【0030】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、安全性が高く、作業も容易に、ニンニクの発芽を効果的に抑制でき、良好な状態で保存が可能になる。本発明は、特に、冷蔵条件や、CA貯蔵条件が適用できないような流通の環境条件においても、ニンニクの発芽を効果的に抑制する。
【0031】
本発明の方法により保存されたニンニクは、有害薬品を含まないので、業務用にも、一般消費者用の食材としても好適に用いられ、食品産業上の利用価値は極めて高い。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a garlic germination inhibitor package and a germination suppression method for suppressing germination of garlic during storage and distribution after harvesting.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Garlic is harvested around mid-June, but if left unattended it will begin to germinate around October. Since garlic is edible throughout the year, it is desirable to keep it as little as possible to germinate. As a method for suppressing germination, for example, low-temperature storage controlled at -3 to 2 ° C or CA storage at -1 to 0 ° C, an oxygen concentration of 3 to 4%, and a carbon dioxide gas concentration of 4 to 5% are effective. It is known. (Non-Patent Document 1) A method of storing at 0 to 1 ° C. and a humidity of 65 to 75% is also known. (Patent Document 1)
However, the germination control method using these low temperatures is possible in the storage in the production area, but in the distribution process, a controlled refrigeration facility is required to actually satisfy such conditions, It was not a cheap and easy method. It is also known that foliar application of preparations such as hydrazidecholine maleate and potassium hydrazide maleate as germination inhibitors is effective in suppressing the germination of garlic, but recently the safety of these preparations has become an issue. ing. Therefore, there is a need for a highly safe and inexpensive garlic germination inhibitor and a method for inhibiting its germination in the distribution process from the start of storage of garlic to the distribution and consumption after harvest.
[0003]
On the other hand, ethylene is known to promote germination of many seeds. (Non-Patent Document 2) It has been considered that elimination of ethylene also has a germination inhibitory effect on garlic. (Patent Document 1)
[0004]
[Non-patent Document 1] Hiroshi Saito, "Science of Garlic", Asakura Shoten, published June 1, 2000, p. 75
[0005]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-7081
[Non-patent document 2] Koshiba K. and Kamiya Y., "Science of New Plant Hormones", Kodansha, published on January 20, 2003, p. 107
[0007]
[Problem to be solved by the present invention]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and to prevent the germination of garlic during storage and distribution until harvested and then used for cooking or processing after being harvested. And a method for inhibiting germination.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted extensive studies on a method of inhibiting germination of garlic, and as a result, have found that ethylene gas, which has been considered as a germination accelerator for fruits and vegetables, has a surprising effect on garlic, The present invention has been completed.
[0009]
That is, the present invention provides a method for inhibiting germination of garlic, which comprises storing garlic in an air-permeable storage container together with an adsorbent carrier adsorbing ethylene, or together with an adsorbent carrier adsorbing ethylene and quicklime. It is about. Furthermore, garlic is packaged with a package in which an adsorbent carrier adsorbed with ethylene is packaged in a gas-permeable packaging material, or a package in which an adsorbent carrier with ethylene adsorbed is packaged in a gas-permeable packaging material, and quicklime is breathable. The present invention relates to a method for suppressing germination of garlic, which is stored in a gas-permeable storage container together with a package packaged with a packaging material. Alternatively, the present invention relates to a method for suppressing germination of garlic, characterized by storing garlic in a gas-permeable storage container together with an adsorbent carrier having ethylene adsorbed thereon and quicklime in a gas-permeable packing material.
[0010]
The present invention also relates to a garlic germination inhibitor package comprising an adsorbent carrier having ethylene adsorbed thereon, or an adsorbent carrier having ethylene adsorbed thereon and quicklime packed in a gas permeable packing material.
[0011]
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to garlic before germination, and in particular, can be used for germination suppression in the distribution process of garlic in the germinating stage about 20 days after harvest, specifically, garlic stored at low temperature after harvest.
[0012]
In the present invention, garlic is stored in a breathable storage container. As the material of the storage container, paper, nonwoven fabric, microporous membrane, or the like is used. The form and thickness of the storage container are not particularly limited, depending on the amount of garlic, but practically, in the case of a small amount, a paper bag of about 40 μ to 100 μ or a packaging container laminated with a plastic film having holes in paper. For business use, a general cardboard box having a thickness of about 2 mm is used.
[0013]
In the present invention, an adsorbent carrier on which ethylene is adsorbed is used as an ethylene generator. The carrier used is not particularly limited as long as it is generated once ethylene is once adsorbed, and examples thereof include zeolite, silica gel, and activated carbon, and zeolite is preferable.
[0014]
In the adsorptive carrier on which ethylene is adsorbed, the amount of ethylene adsorbed on the carrier is 0.5 to 30 mg, preferably 1 to 10 mg, per 1 g of the carrier, and the amount of the carrier used is 1 kg of garlic. On the other hand, 1 to 100 g is preferable.
[0015]
The adsorptive carrier on which ethylene is adsorbed is usually packed in an ethylene-permeable packing material and used in a package such as a small bag, separated from garlic. Here, the ethylene-permeable packaging material is a packaging material that is permeable to ethylene, and has a hole, or a resin film, a microporous film, a nonwoven fabric, a paper, or the like, which itself has ethylene permeability, or the like. It is a packaging material that is combined and laminated.
[0016]
The adsorptive carrier to which ethylene is adsorbed has an effect of suppressing germination of garlic even when used alone. However, the use of lime in combination with the adsorbent carrier has a remarkable effect of suppressing germination of garlic.
[0017]
In the case of combining the adsorptive carrier on which ethylene is adsorbed with quick lime, the germination suppression effect can be obtained even if a package in which each agent is individually packaged is used in combination. In addition, a package in which an adsorbent carrier adsorbing ethylene and quicklime are mixed and packaged has a particularly remarkable garlic germination inhibitory effect.
[0018]
The quicklime used in the present invention enhances the garlic germination suppression effect of the adsorptive carrier on which ethylene is adsorbed. Normally, quicklime is packaged in a breathable packaging material and used in a package such as a small bag. The amount of quicklime used is preferably 1 to 100 g, and more preferably 5 to 50 g, based on 1 kg of garlic. If the amount is more than this, it is not preferable because the water content of garlic is greatly reduced. If the amount is less, the effect of suppressing germination is reduced.
[0019]
Normally, quicklime is packaged in a breathable packaging material and used in a package such as a small bag, separated from garlic. Here, the gas-permeable packaging material is a packaging material that satisfactorily transmits water vapor, and has a hole, or a resin film, a microporous film, a nonwoven fabric, a paper, or the like having these permeability itself or the like. It is a packaging material that is combined and laminated.
[0020]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The best embodiment of the present invention is a method in which a composition of an adsorptive carrier having ethylene adsorbed thereon and quicklime is packaged in a gas permeable packing material and used in a package such as a small bag, isolated from garlic. Here, the air-permeable packaging material is a packaging material that allows ethylene and water vapor to be satisfactorily transmitted, and has a hole, or a resin film, a microporous film, a nonwoven fabric, a paper, or the like having these permeability itself or It is a packaging material that is laminated by combining them.
[0021]
The present invention can be practiced without the need for a controlled cold store or CA store. That is, a germination inhibitory effect is obtained at a temperature of 30 ° C or lower, and a germination inhibitory effect is obtained at a temperature of 20 ° C or lower, preferably 10 ° C or lower. The method of the invention can, of course, also be applied in cold storage or CA storage.
[0022]
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention has great utility because it can be easily implemented without requiring strict temperature control when distributing garlic stored at low temperature or CA. In such a case, at a low temperature in advance, the garlic is stored in a gas-permeable storage container together with the adsorptive carrier and the quicklime that have ethylene adsorbed thereon, and then the method is shifted to storage conditions such as room temperature. Can be used.
[0023]
The garlic preserved according to the present invention is suitably used both for business use and as food for general consumers, and has a very high utility value in the food industry.
[0024]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
10 g of zeolite adsorbing 0.06 g of ethylene was packaged in a gas-permeable packaging material laminated with paper, a fibrous reinforcing material made of polyethylene and perforated polyethylene to prepare an ethylene generator package having a length of 75 mm and a width of 150 mm.
[0025]
Next, after harvesting, 20 healthy (approximately 2 kg) strains were selected from the garlic stored at −2 ° C., and together with the two ethylene generator packages, a length of 20 cm × width 27 cm × height 10 cm (capacity 5. 4L) and stored in a room at 15 ° C to 20 ° C for 10 days, and the germination status of garlic was visually observed. The number of garlic germinated with respect to the total number of garlic tested was determined as a germination rate (%).
The results are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
10 g of quicklime was packaged in the same air-permeable packaging material as in Example 1 to prepare a quicklime package having a length of 75 mm and a width of 150 mm.
[0026]
Two pieces of this quicklime package and two pieces of the ethylene generator package prepared in Example 1 were stored in cardboard together with garlic in the same manner as in Example 1, left for 10 days, and the germination status was visually observed. .
The results are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
10 g of zeolite adsorbing 0.06 g of ethylene and 10 g of quicklime were packed with the same packaging material as in Example 1 to prepare an ethylene generator / quicklime package having a length of 75 mm and a width of 150 mm.
[0027]
The two ethylene generating agent / quick lime packages were stored in cardboard together with garlic in the same manner as in Example 1, left for 10 days, and the germination status was visually observed.
The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative Example 1
The germination state of garlic was visually observed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the package was not used.
The results are shown in Table 1.
[0028]
Table 1 shows the germination rate of the garlic left untreated in each of Examples and Comparative Examples.
[0029]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004339153
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, germination of garlic can be effectively suppressed with high safety | security and work easily, and it becomes possible to preserve | save in a favorable state. The present invention effectively suppresses the germination of garlic even under distribution environmental conditions where refrigeration conditions and CA storage conditions cannot be applied.
[0031]
Since garlic stored by the method of the present invention does not contain harmful chemicals, it is suitably used for business purposes as well as food for general consumers, and has a very high utility value in the food industry.

Claims (7)

ニンニクを、エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体とともに、通気性保存容器に収納することを特徴とするニンニクの発芽抑制方法。A method for suppressing germination of garlic, comprising storing garlic in an air-permeable storage container together with an adsorbent carrier having ethylene adsorbed thereon. ニンニクを、エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体及び生石灰とともに、通気性保存容器に収納することを特徴とするニンニクの発芽抑制方法。A method for suppressing germination of garlic, comprising storing garlic in an air-permeable storage container together with an adsorptive carrier having ethylene adsorbed thereon and quicklime. ニンニクを、エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体を通気性包材で包装した包装体とともに、通気性保存容器に収納することを特徴とするニンニクの発芽抑制方法。A method for suppressing germination of garlic, comprising: storing garlic in a gas-permeable storage container together with a package in which an adsorbent carrier having ethylene adsorbed thereon is packed with a gas-permeable packing material. ニンニクを、エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体を通気性包材で包装した包装体及び生石灰を通気性包材で包装した包装体とともに、通気性保存容器に収納することを特徴とするニンニクの発芽抑制方法。Germinating garlic, wherein the garlic is stored in a gas-permeable storage container together with a package in which an adsorbent carrier adsorbing ethylene is packed in a gas-permeable packing material and a package in which quicklime is packed in a gas-permeable packing material. Suppression method. ニンニクを、エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体及び生石灰を通気性包材で包装した包装体とともに、通気性保存容器に収納することを特徴とするニンニクの発芽抑制方法。A method for suppressing germination of garlic, wherein garlic is stored in a gas-permeable storage container together with an adsorbent carrier having ethylene adsorbed thereon and quicklime in a gas-permeable packing material. エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体を通気性包材で包装した包装体からなるニンニクの発芽抑制剤包装体。A garlic germination inhibitor package comprising a package in which an adsorptive carrier on which ethylene is adsorbed is packaged with a breathable packaging material. エチレンを吸着させた吸着性担体及び生石灰を通気性包材で包装した包装体からなるニンニクの発芽抑制剤包装体。A garlic germination inhibitor package comprising a package in which ethylene is adsorbed and an adsorbent carrier and quick lime are packaged in a breathable packaging material.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010094059A (en) * 2008-10-15 2010-04-30 Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Inc Method for inhibiting germination of potato
WO2013069883A1 (en) * 2011-11-11 2013-05-16 Republic Of Korea (Management: Rural Development Administration) Ethylene generating agent

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010094059A (en) * 2008-10-15 2010-04-30 Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Inc Method for inhibiting germination of potato
KR101376261B1 (en) * 2011-04-21 2014-03-21 대한민국 Ethylene generating agent
WO2013069883A1 (en) * 2011-11-11 2013-05-16 Republic Of Korea (Management: Rural Development Administration) Ethylene generating agent

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