JP2004333051A

JP2004333051A - Water heater

Info

Publication number: JP2004333051A
Application number: JP2003131336A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Masahiro Ohama; 昌宏尾浜; Takeji Watanabe; 竹司渡辺; Seiichi Yasuki; 誠一安木; Keijiro Kunimoto; 啓次郎國本; Yoshitsugu Nishiyama; 吉継西山; Koji Oka; 浩二岡; Tetsuei Kuramoto; 哲英倉本
Original assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Current assignee: Panasonic Holdings Corp
Priority date: 2003-05-09
Filing date: 2003-05-09
Publication date: 2004-11-25

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water heater capable of obtaining a stable heat radiation quantity in radiating means with respect to a hot water storage type water heater. <P>SOLUTION: As this water heater comprises a supplied water heating means 15, a hot water storage tank for storing the hot water heated by the supplied water heating means 15, a plurality of radiating means 14, 24, 27 circulating the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 1 as a heat source, selecting means 30, 31, 32 for selecting whether the plurality of radiating means 14, 24, 27 are used or not, and a control means 36 for heating the hot water by the supplied hot water heating means 15 on the basis of the selection by the selecting means 30, 31, 32 and storing the hot water in the hot water storage tank 1, the necessary amount of hot water of a desired temperature can be secured in the hot water storage tank 1, even when the plurality of radiating means 14, 24, 27 are used, and the stable heat radiation quantity can be obtained by the radiating means 14, 24, 27. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は暖房など多機能を備える貯湯式の給湯機に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、この種の給湯機は貯湯槽の温水を利用した浴槽の追い焚き機能を持ったものがある（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
【０００３】
図３は、前記公報に記載された従来の給湯機を示すものである。同図において、１は貯湯槽、２は沸上げヒータ、３は急速沸上げヒータ、４、５は温度検出手段、６は電磁開閉弁、７は給湯管、８は浴槽、９は浴槽循環ポンプ、１０は熱交換手段であり、貯湯槽１の上部の湯と浴槽８の水を熱交換して風呂追い焚きするものである。
【０００４】
ところで、この図３の場合は風呂追い焚きをする場合であるが、貯湯槽１の温水を熱源として、風呂追い焚き以外に、暖房（例えば床暖房）を行う場合には、図４に示すような構成が考えられる。つまり、暖房熱源側循環ポンプ１１で貯湯槽１から暖房水水熱交換器１２に送られてきた温水と、暖房負荷側循環ポンプ１３で床暖房手段１４から前記暖房水水熱交換器１２に送られてきた水とが熱交換することによって床暖房する構成としたものである。
【０００５】
【特許文献１】
特開平１１−８３１５６号公報
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記従来の構成では、放熱手段としての風呂追い焚きの場合、風呂追い焚き運転時に貯湯槽１の上部の湯が温度低下するため、放熱手段へ流入する温水温度が不安定となり、利便性も悪い。例えば、風呂追い焚き回数を重ねるたびに貯湯槽１上部の湯温と風呂追い焚き循環水との温度差が少なくなって放熱量が小さくなる。また、加熱されて浴槽８に戻る温水温度も低くなる。さらに、貯湯槽１上部の湯の利用温度に限界があって、有効に利用できない。さらに図４で示される構成の場合、風呂追い焚き回数を重ねるたびに貯湯槽１上部の湯温が低下することによって、その下部の貯湯槽１の温度も低下する。床暖房手段１４の熱源としての貯湯槽１の湯温が低下し、所定の放熱能力が出ないという課題を有している。また、特に床暖房の立ち上げなどで大きな放熱能力が必要な場合に、放熱能力不足でなかなか床温度が上昇せずに快適性が損なわれるという課題を有している。貯湯槽１の湯温の低下を見越して、その分貯湯槽１に貯湯する湯温を高くしておくことが考えられるが、この場合は温度が高くなり、貯湯槽１から外部に対しての放熱量が増え、効率が低下することになる。
【０００７】
本発明は上記課題を解決するもので、風呂追い焚き運転が続いた場合でも貯湯槽１に必要な湯温を確保し、放熱手段における安定した放熱量を提供することを目的とする。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記従来の課題を解決するために、本発明の給湯機は、給湯加熱手段と、前記給湯加熱手段で加熱した温水を貯湯する貯湯槽と、前記貯湯槽に貯湯された温水を循環させて熱源とする複数の放熱手段と、前記複数の放熱手段を使用するか否かを選択する選択手段と、前記選択手段での選択状況に応じて前記給湯加熱手段で加熱し前記貯湯槽に貯湯する給湯加熱運転を制御する制御手段とを具備したものである。
【０００９】
これによって、複数の放熱手段を利用した場合でも、貯湯槽に必要な湯温の湯量を確保するので、放熱手段における安定した放熱量を得ることができる。
【００１０】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は各請求項に記載の形態で実施できるものであり、請求項１記載の発明は、給湯加熱手段と、前記給湯加熱手段で加熱した温水を貯湯する貯湯槽と、前記貯湯槽に貯湯された温水を循環させて熱源とする複数の放熱手段と、前記複数の放熱手段を使用するか否かを選択する選択手段と、前記選択手段での選択状況に応じて前記給湯加熱手段で加熱し前記貯湯槽に貯湯する給湯加熱運転を制御するため、複数の放熱手段を利用した場合でも、貯湯槽に必要な湯温の湯量を確保するので、放熱手段において安定した放熱量を得ることができる。
【００１１】
請求項２記載の発明は、複数の放熱手段は、風呂追い焚き手段または床暖房手段または浴室乾燥暖房手段のうち少なくともふたつを含む請求項１記載の給湯機とするものである。
【００１２】
請求項３記載の発明は、浴室乾燥暖房手段を使用する前に予め予約するための浴室乾燥暖房予約スイッチを備えた構成としているので、貯湯量に必要な湯温と湯量が貯湯されるため、浴室乾燥暖房手段の機能が十分発揮できる。
【００１３】
請求項４記載の発明は、風呂追い焚き手段を使用しないことを予め予約するための風呂追い焚き解除予約スイッチを備えた構成としているため、貯湯量に必要以上の高温の温を貯湯されることがないため、効率の良い給湯加熱運転ができる。
【００１４】
請求項５記載の発明は、前述の構成に加え、給湯加熱手段をヒートポンプとすることによって、高能力省エネルギー化をはかる。
【００１５】
請求項６記載の発明は、ヒートポンプに封入する冷媒を二酸化炭素としているので、高温高効率化と地球環境保全をはかるができる。
【００１６】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例について図面を用いて説明する。
【００１７】
（実施例１）
図１は本発明の実施例１の給湯機の構成図である。図１において、１５は給湯加熱手段であり、圧縮機１６、給湯熱交換器１７、減圧装置１８、大気熱を吸熱する大気熱交換器１９からなるヒートポンプサイクルを構成したヒートポンプ熱源である。そして、高圧側の冷媒圧力が臨界圧力以上となる二酸化炭素を冷媒とする。１は貯湯槽であり、下部から給水管２０を通って給水し、上部の給湯管７から端末へ出湯する。そして、貯湯槽１の下部から循環ポンプ２１，給湯熱交換器１７，貯湯槽１の上部を順次接続する給湯回路を構成することによって、貯湯槽１から循環ポンプ２１で送られてきた水は前記給湯熱交換器１７で冷媒熱により加熱されて貯湯槽１の上から貯湯される。２２は加熱用出口水温検出手段であり、ヒートポンプ熱源で加熱する湯温を検出するため給湯熱交換器１７の出口に設けられている。２３は湯水制御手段であり、給湯熱交換器１７の出口湯水が所定温度になるように循環ポンプ２１の回転数を制御して給湯回路の循環流量を制御する。
【００１８】
風呂追い焚き手段２４は追い焚き水水熱交換器２５と浴槽熱源側循環ポンプ２６と浴槽循環ポンプ９などからなる。そして、浴槽８の追い焚きは、浴槽熱源側循環ポンプ２６で貯湯槽１から追い焚き水水熱交換器２５に送られてきた温水と、浴槽循環ポンプ９で浴槽８から追い焚き水水熱交換器２５に送られてきた水とが熱交換することによって行われる。床暖房と浴室乾燥暖房は、暖房熱源側循環ポンプ１１で貯湯槽１から暖房水水熱交換器１２に送られてきた温水と、暖房負荷側循環ポンプ１３で床暖房手段１４又は浴室乾燥暖房手段２７から前記暖房水水熱交換器１２に送られてきた水とが熱交換することによって行われる。
【００１９】
なお、床暖房と浴室乾燥暖房との切換えは、第一と第二の開閉弁２８、２９の開閉状態で流路を切換えることによって行われる。
【００２０】
３０、３１、３２は風呂追い焚き選択手段、床暖房選択手段、浴室乾燥暖房選択手段であり、それぞれ、風呂追い焚き手段２４で風呂の追い焚きをするか否か、床暖房手段１４で床暖房をするか否か、浴室乾燥暖房手段２７で浴室の乾燥暖房をするか否かを選択するものである。さらに３３、３４、３５は貯湯槽１の上下方向の異なる位置に取り付けられた第一、第二、第三の温度検出手段である。また、制御手段３６は、風呂追い焚き選択手段３０、床暖房選択手段３１、浴室乾燥暖房選択手段３２での選択状況に応じて、貯湯槽１に貯湯する湯量又は湯温又は湯温と湯量の両方を制御するものである。
【００２１】
風呂追い焚き、床暖房、浴室乾燥暖房など複数の機能を備えた給湯機の場合、風呂追い焚きはほぼ毎日行なう可能性があるが、浴室乾燥暖房については梅雨時期の洗濯物の乾燥や冬期の浴室の暖房など年間を通じてあるが使用頻度は風呂追い焚きほど多くはない。さらに、床暖房については冬期のみで、かつ、平日や休日などの生活パターンや在宅や外出等により、一日の使用時間が大きく異なるため、一日の暖房負荷も大きく異なることになる。このように、いつも定期的にあるとは限らない負荷に対して、常にそれらすべての機能を十分に満たすべく貯湯槽１に湯を貯えるとすれば、大きな容量の貯湯槽１が必要で、かつ、高温の湯を常に貯湯しておく必要がある。
【００２２】
ところが、前記各機能に対して、負荷要求が無いか少なかった場合には、高温の湯が大量に余り次の日に持ち越すことになる。しかもその間に貯湯槽１からの放熱で貯湯槽１の温度が低下し、せっかく高温に加熱した湯の熱量が無駄になることがある。そこで、前記各機能に対して、必要な湯温と熱量の湯を貯湯槽１に貯えれば、無駄の少ない効率のよい多機能を備えた給湯機が可能となる。
【００２３】
以上のように構成された給湯機について、以下にその動作、作用を説明する。図１において、ヒートポンプ熱源で大気熱を利用して給湯加熱運転する場合について説明する。圧縮機１６から吐出する臨界圧力以上の高温高圧の冷媒が給湯熱交換器１７に流入し、ここで貯湯槽１の下部から送られてきた水と給湯熱交換器１７を介して熱交換する。そして、給湯熱交換器１７に流入する高温冷媒で給湯熱交換器１７の出口湯水が所定温度となるように循環ポンプ２１の回転数を制御し、所定の温度の湯が貯湯槽１の上部から流入し貯湯される。
【００２４】
次に、放熱手段として風呂追い焚き手段２４を使用する場合について説明する。浴槽８から浴槽循環ポンプ９によって送られてきた水は、浴槽熱源側循環ポンプ２６によって送られてきた貯湯槽１上部の高温の湯と、追い焚き水水熱交換器２５で熱交換して加熱されて浴槽８に戻る。一方、浴槽熱源側循環ポンプ２６によって送られてきた貯湯槽１上部の高温の湯は低温となって貯湯槽１の下部に戻る。
【００２５】
また、放熱手段として床暖房手段１４を使用する場合について説明する。第一の開閉弁２８を開き、第二の開閉弁２９を閉じる。床暖房手段１４で放熱し低温になり暖房負荷側循環ポンプ１３によって送られてきた熱媒体は、暖房熱源側循環ポンプ１１によって送られてきた貯湯槽１上部の高温の湯と、暖房水水熱交換器１２で熱交換して床暖房手段１４に戻る。一方、暖房熱源側循環ポンプ１１によって送られてきた貯湯槽１上部の高温の湯は低温となって貯湯槽１下部に戻る。なお、床暖房手段１４を循環する熱媒体としては不凍液や水がある。
【００２６】
さらに、放熱手段として浴室乾燥暖房手段２７を使用する場合について説明する。第一の開閉弁２８を閉じ、第二の開閉弁２９を開く。浴室乾燥暖房手段２７で放熱し低温になり暖房負荷側循環ポンプ１３によって送られてきた熱媒体は、暖房熱源側循環ポンプ１１によって送られてきた貯湯槽１上部の高温の湯と、暖房水水熱交換器１２で熱交換して浴室乾燥暖房手段２７に戻る。一方、暖房熱源側循環ポンプ１１によって送られてきた貯湯槽１上部の高温の湯は低温となって貯湯槽１下部に戻る。
【００２７】
前述したように、第一、第二、第三の温度検出手段３３、３４、３５が貯湯槽１の上下方向の異なる位置に取り付けられている。また、この順に貯湯槽１の下方に向かって取り付けられている。今、風呂追い焚き選択手段３０で風呂追い焚き運転が選択されている場合、第一の温度検出手段３３の温度が所定の温度以上になるように、前述したヒートポンプ熱源で大気熱を利用して給湯加熱運転を行なう。次に、風呂追い焚き選択手段３０と浴室乾燥暖房選択手段３２とで風呂追い焚きと浴室乾燥暖房運転とが選択されている場合、第二の温度検出手段３４の温度が所定の温度以上になるように、前述したヒートポンプ熱源で大気熱を利用して給湯加熱運転を行なう。さらに、風呂追い焚き選択手段３０と浴室乾燥暖房選択手段３２と床暖房選択手段３１とで風呂追い焚きと浴室乾燥暖房と床暖房運転とが選択されている場合、第三の温度検出手段３５の温度が所定の温度以上になるように、前述したヒートポンプ熱源で大気熱を利用して給湯加熱運転を行なう。このように必要負荷に対して、必要量の湯量を確保すれば、無駄な給湯加熱運転が無くなり、運転効率の向上となる。また、風呂追い焚き手段２４や浴室乾燥暖房手段２７や床暖房手段１４などの放熱手段の熱源となる湯の温度は、ヒートポンプ熱源で給湯加熱運転によって所定の温度に貯湯した貯湯槽１上部の湯を使用するため、常に安定した放熱能力を発揮することができる。
【００２８】
ところで、図１では、貯湯槽１の上下方向の異なる３個所の位置に第一、第二、第三の温度検出手段３３、３４、３５を取り付けたが、この温度検出手段の数は３個に限らないので、必要に応じて増減すればよい。また、負荷に対して、必要熱量を確保する方法として、貯湯容量を変更する場合と貯湯温度を変更する場合とがある。したがって、必要熱量を貯湯する場合、同じ所定の貯湯温度で容量を変化する方法と、貯湯容量が同じで所定の貯湯温度を変化する方法とがあるので、必要な負荷に応じて、貯湯温度と温度検出手段の数と位置とを決定すればよい。
【００２９】
（実施例２）
図２は本発明の実施例２における給湯機の構成図である。本実施例において、図１の実施例１と異なる点は、浴室乾燥暖房手段を使用する前に予め予約するための浴室乾燥暖房予約スイッチ３７と風呂追い焚き手段を使用しないことを予め予約するための風呂追い焚き解除予約スイッチ３８とを備えた構成としていることである。なお、実施例１と同符号の部分は同一構成を有し、説明は省略する。
【００３０】
次に動作、作用について説明する。先ず、浴室乾燥暖房について説明を行なう。通常、浴室乾燥暖房手段２７に流入する水などの媒体の温度は７０℃〜８０℃程度である。この浴室乾燥暖房の負荷に備えるために、一般的には深夜電力を使用して深夜に貯湯槽１に温水を貯湯しておく。この時、貯湯槽１からの放熱による温度低下を考慮して、貯湯する温度を必要温度よりも高目の温度（８０℃〜９０℃程度）で貯湯することになる。ところで浴室乾燥暖房の機能については毎日使用するとは限らない。使用しないかもしれない機能に備えるために毎日高温に貯湯槽１を沸き上げることになる。
【００３１】
そこで、例えば、翌日に浴室乾燥暖房の機能を使用する場合は、浴室乾燥暖房予約スイッチ３７で浴室乾燥暖房の機能の使用予約を行なう。その場合は、事前（通常は深夜電力を使用するために深夜時間帯）にヒートポンプ熱源を利用した給湯加熱運転で貯湯槽１を必要な温度に沸き上げておく。もし、翌日に浴室乾燥暖房の機能を使用しない場合は、浴室乾燥暖房予約スイッチ３７で浴室乾燥暖房の機能の使用予約を行なわない。この場合は、給湯負荷に見合う熱量を満足する湯温で貯湯槽１を沸き上げ（夏や中間期であれば６５℃〜７５℃程度）ればよい。
【００３２】
次に、風呂追い焚きについて説明を行なう。風呂追い焚きを行なう時、通常、浴槽１の温度は４０℃程度である。ある程度短時間で、この湯の温度を上げるためには、追い焚き水水熱交換器２５に入ってくる貯湯槽１からの湯温は７０℃〜８０℃程度必要である。ところで、一般的に言って、入浴はほぼ毎日あると考えられるので、前述した浴室乾燥暖房予約スイッチ３７のように、必要な時に前日に予約するというのでは不便であるし、予約を忘れることもある。だから、基本的には毎日事前（通常は深夜電力を使用するために深夜時間帯）にヒートポンプ熱源を利用した給湯加熱運転で貯湯槽１を必要温度に沸き上げておく。この場合、貯湯槽１からの放熱も考慮して、７５〜８５℃程度に沸き上げる必要がある。ところで、夏などは入浴せずに、シャワーですませることが多い。その場合に使用する湯温は、風呂追い焚きに必要な温度ほど高くなくても良い。だから、夏などは、事前に、給湯加熱運転で貯湯槽１を６５℃程度沸き上げておけば良いことになる。そこで、例えば、翌日に入浴しない場合は、風呂追い焚き解除予約スイッチ３８で風呂追い焚きの機能を使用しないことの予約を行なう。この場合は、給湯負荷に見合う熱量を満足する湯温で貯湯槽１を沸き上げ（夏や中間期であれば６５℃〜７５℃程度）ればよい。
【００３３】
もし、翌日に入浴する場合は、風呂追い焚き解除予約スイッチ３８で風呂追い焚きの機能を使用しないことの予約を行なわない。この場合は、事前（通常は深夜電力を使用するために深夜時間帯）にヒートポンプ熱源を利用した給湯加熱運転で貯湯槽１を必要な温度（７５〜８５℃程度）に沸き上げておく。
【００３４】
上記のように、高温の湯が必要な時には貯湯槽１を高温に沸き上げ、高温が必要でない時には比較的低い温度に貯湯槽１を沸き上げるので、ヒートポンプ熱源を利用した給湯加熱運転の効率の向上や貯湯槽１からの放熱損失の低減を図ることができる。
【００３５】
なお、図２の場合、浴室乾燥暖房予約スイッチ３７と風呂追い焚き解除予約スイッチ３８と両方備えた構成になっているが、どちらか一方を備えた構成でもよい。
【００３６】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明によれば、貯湯槽に貯湯された温水を循環させて熱源とする複数の放熱手段と、複数の放熱手段を使用するか否かを選択する選択手段での選択状況に応じて給湯加熱手段で加熱し貯湯槽に貯湯する給湯加熱運転を制御するので、複数の放熱手段を利用した場合でも、貯湯槽に必要な湯温の湯量を確保するため、放熱手段において安定した放熱量を得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施例１における給湯機の構成図
【図２】本発明の実施例２における給湯機の構成図
【図３】従来例における給湯機の構成図
【図４】従来例における第２の給湯機の構成図
【符号の説明】
１貯湯槽
１４床暖房手段（放熱手段）
１５給湯加熱手段
２４風呂追い焚き手段（放熱手段）
２７浴室乾燥暖房手段（放熱手段）
３０風呂追い焚き選択手段（選択手段）
３１床暖房選択手段（選択手段）
３２浴室乾燥暖房選択手段（選択手段）
３６制御手段[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a hot-water storage type hot water supply device having multiple functions such as heating.
[0002]
[Prior art]
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, there is a water heater of this type having a function of reheating a bathtub using hot water in a hot water storage tank (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
FIG. 3 shows a conventional water heater described in the above publication. In the figure, 1 is a hot water tank, 2 is a boiling heater, 3 is a rapid boiling heater, 4 and 5 are temperature detecting means, 6 is an electromagnetic opening / closing valve, 7 is a hot water supply pipe, 8 is a bathtub, and 9 is a bathtub circulation pump. Numeral 10 denotes a heat exchange means for exchanging heat between the hot water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 and the water in the bathtub 8 to reheat the bath.
[0004]
By the way, in the case of FIG. 3, the case of performing bath reheating is shown in FIG. 4. In the case of performing heating (for example, floor heating) other than bath reheating by using the hot water in the hot water storage tank 1 as a heat source, as shown in FIG. 4. Various configurations are conceivable. That is, the hot water sent from the hot water tank 1 to the heating water heat exchanger 12 by the heating heat source side circulation pump 11 and the hot water sent from the floor heating means 14 to the heating water water heat exchanger 12 by the heating load side circulation pump 13. The floor is heated by exchanging heat with the produced water.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-83156
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional configuration, in the case of bath reheating as a heat radiating means, the temperature of hot water flowing into the heat radiating means becomes unstable because the temperature of hot water above the hot water storage tank 1 drops during the bath reheating operation. Is also bad. For example, the temperature difference between the hot water temperature in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 and the circulating water for bath reheating decreases as the number of times of reheating the bath increases, and the heat radiation amount decreases. Further, the temperature of the hot water that is heated and returns to the bathtub 8 also decreases. Furthermore, the temperature of hot water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 is limited, and it cannot be used effectively. Further, in the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 4, the temperature of the hot water tank 1 in the upper portion decreases as the temperature of the hot water in the upper portion of the hot water tank 1 decreases each time the number of times of bath reheating increases. There is a problem that the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 1 as a heat source of the floor heating means 14 is lowered, and a predetermined heat radiation ability is not obtained. In addition, when a large heat radiation capability is required, particularly when starting up floor heating, there is a problem that the floor temperature does not easily rise due to insufficient heat radiation capability and the comfort is impaired. In anticipation of a drop in the temperature of the hot water tank 1, it is conceivable to increase the temperature of the hot water to be stored in the hot water tank 1 accordingly. The amount of heat dissipation increases and the efficiency decreases.
[0007]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has as its object to secure a required hot water temperature in a hot water storage tank 1 even when a bath reheating operation is continued, and to provide a stable heat radiation amount in a heat radiation means.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the conventional problem, a water heater of the present invention includes a hot water supply heating unit, a hot water storage tank for storing hot water heated by the hot water supply heating unit, and a heat source that circulates hot water stored in the hot water storage tank. A plurality of heat dissipating means, a selecting means for selecting whether or not to use the plurality of heat dissipating means, and a hot water supply which is heated by the hot water supply heating means and stored in the hot water storage tank according to a selection state of the selecting means. Control means for controlling the heating operation.
[0009]
Thereby, even when a plurality of heat radiating means are used, the required amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank is secured, so that a stable heat radiating amount in the heat radiating means can be obtained.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention can be embodied in the form described in each claim, and the invention described in claim 1 is a hot water supply heating means, a hot water storage tank for storing hot water heated by the hot water supply heating means, and a hot water storage in the hot water storage tank. A plurality of heat radiating means for circulating the heated hot water as a heat source, a selecting means for selecting whether or not to use the plurality of heat radiating means, and heating by the hot water supply heating means according to a selection state of the selecting means. In order to control the hot water supply heating operation for storing hot water in the hot water storage tank, even when a plurality of heat radiating means are used, a required amount of hot water is required for the hot water storage tank. it can.
[0011]
The invention according to claim 2 is the water heater according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of heat radiating means include at least two of bath reheating means, floor heating means, and bathroom drying and heating means.
[0012]
The invention according to claim 3 is configured to include a bathroom drying / heating reservation switch for making a reservation before using the bathroom drying / heating means, so that the hot water temperature and the hot water amount required for the hot water storage amount are stored. The function of the bathroom drying and heating means can be fully exhibited.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 4 has a configuration in which a bath reheating release cancel switch for preliminarily reserving that the bath reheating device is not used is used, so that the hot water can be stored at an unnecessarily high temperature. Because there is no hot water supply, efficient hot water supply heating operation can be performed.
[0014]
The invention described in claim 5 achieves high-capacity energy saving by using a heat pump as the hot water supply heating means in addition to the above configuration.
[0015]
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the refrigerant sealed in the heat pump is carbon dioxide, high temperature and high efficiency can be achieved and global environment can be protected.
[0016]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0017]
(Example 1)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a water heater according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 15 denotes a hot water supply heating means, which is a heat pump heat source constituting a heat pump cycle including a compressor 16, a hot water supply heat exchanger 17, a pressure reducing device 18, and an atmospheric heat exchanger 19 that absorbs atmospheric heat. Then, carbon dioxide whose refrigerant pressure on the high pressure side is equal to or higher than the critical pressure is used as the refrigerant. Reference numeral 1 denotes a hot water tank, which supplies water from a lower part through a water supply pipe 20 and taps water from an upper water supply pipe 7 to a terminal. By configuring a hot water supply circuit that sequentially connects the circulation pump 21, the hot water supply heat exchanger 17, and the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1, the water sent from the hot water storage tank 1 by the circulation pump 21 is as described above. Heated by the heat of the refrigerant in the hot water supply heat exchanger 17, the hot water is stored from above the hot water storage tank 1. Reference numeral 22 denotes a heating outlet water temperature detecting means, which is provided at the outlet of the hot water supply heat exchanger 17 for detecting the temperature of hot water to be heated by the heat pump heat source. Reference numeral 23 denotes hot water control means, which controls the number of revolutions of the circulation pump 21 to control the circulation flow rate of the hot water supply circuit so that the hot water at the outlet of the hot water supply heat exchanger 17 has a predetermined temperature.
[0018]
The bath reheating means 24 comprises a reheating water / water heat exchanger 25, a bathtub heat source side circulation pump 26, a bathtub circulation pump 9, and the like. The reheating of the bathtub 8 is performed by exchanging the hot water sent from the hot water tank 1 to the reheating water / water heat exchanger 25 by the bathtub heat source side circulation pump 26 and the reheating water from the bathtub 8 by the bathtub circulation pump 9. This is performed by exchanging heat with the water sent to the vessel 25. The floor heating and bathroom drying / heating are performed by heating water supplied from the hot water tank 1 to the heating water / heat exchanger 12 by the heating heat source side circulation pump 11 and the floor heating means 14 or bathroom drying / heating means by the heating load side circulation pump 13. The heat is exchanged with the water sent from 27 to the heating water / heat exchanger 12.
[0019]
The switching between floor heating and bathroom drying / heating is performed by switching the flow path in the open / close state of the first and second on-off valves 28 and 29.
[0020]
Reference numerals 30, 31, and 32 denote bath reheating selecting means, floor heating selecting means, and bathroom drying / heating selecting means. The bath reheating means 24 determines whether or not to reheat the bath. Is selected, and whether or not the bathroom is dried and heated by the bathroom drying and heating means 27 is selected. Further, reference numerals 33, 34, and 35 denote first, second, and third temperature detecting means attached to different positions of the hot water storage tank 1 in the vertical direction. Further, the control means 36 determines the amount of hot water to be stored in the hot water storage tank 1 or the hot water temperature or the hot water temperature and the hot water amount in accordance with the selection conditions of the bath reheating selection means 30, the floor heating selection means 31, and the bathroom drying / heating selection means 32. It controls both.
[0021]
In the case of a water heater with multiple functions such as bath reheating, floor heating, bathroom drying and heating, bath reheating may be performed almost every day.However, for bathroom drying and heating, laundry drying during the rainy season and winter Although it is used throughout the year, such as for heating the bathroom, the frequency of use is not as high as that for the reheating of the bath. Furthermore, floor heating is only in winter, and the daily usage time varies greatly depending on living patterns such as weekdays and holidays, at-home and out-of-home times, etc., so that the daily heating load also varies greatly. As described above, if hot water is stored in the hot water tank 1 so as to always fully satisfy all of the functions for loads that are not always present, the hot water tank 1 having a large capacity is necessary, and It is necessary to store hot water at all times.
[0022]
However, if there is no or little load demand for each of the functions, a large amount of hot water will be carried over to the next day. Moreover, during this time, the temperature of the hot water storage tank 1 decreases due to heat radiation from the hot water storage tank 1, and the amount of heat of the hot water heated to a high temperature may be wasted. Therefore, if hot water having a required hot water temperature and calorie is stored in the hot water storage tank 1 for each of the functions, a water heater with less waste and an efficient multi-function can be provided.
[0023]
The operation and operation of the water heater configured as described above will be described below. Referring to FIG. 1, a case in which a hot water supply heating operation is performed using atmospheric heat with a heat pump heat source will be described. A high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant having a pressure equal to or higher than the critical pressure discharged from the compressor 16 flows into the hot water supply heat exchanger 17, and exchanges heat with the water sent from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1 via the hot water supply heat exchanger 17. Then, the rotation speed of the circulation pump 21 is controlled so that the hot water at the outlet of the hot water supply heat exchanger 17 becomes a predetermined temperature with the high temperature refrigerant flowing into the hot water supply heat exchanger 17, It flows in and is stored.
[0024]
Next, a case where the bath reheating unit 24 is used as the heat radiation unit will be described. Water sent from the bathtub 8 by the bathtub circulation pump 9 exchanges heat with the hot water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 sent by the bathtub heat source side circulation pump 26 in the reheating water water heat exchanger 25 for heating. Then, it returns to the bathtub 8. On the other hand, the high-temperature hot water in the upper part of the hot water tank 1 sent by the bath-tub heat source side circulation pump 26 becomes low temperature and returns to the lower part of the hot water tank 1.
[0025]
The case where the floor heating means 14 is used as the heat radiation means will be described. The first on-off valve 28 is opened, and the second on-off valve 29 is closed. The heat medium that is radiated by the floor heating means 14 to have a low temperature and is sent by the heating load side circulation pump 13 is sent to the heating heat source side circulation pump 11 by the high temperature hot water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 and the heating water heat The heat is exchanged in the exchanger 12 and the flow returns to the floor heating means 14. On the other hand, the high-temperature hot water in the upper part of the hot water tank 1 sent by the heating heat source side circulation pump 11 becomes low temperature and returns to the lower part of the hot water tank 1. The heat medium circulating through the floor heating means 14 includes antifreeze and water.
[0026]
Further, a case where the bathroom drying / heating means 27 is used as the heat radiation means will be described. The first on-off valve 28 is closed, and the second on-off valve 29 is opened. The heat medium radiated by the bathroom drying / heating means 27 to become low temperature and sent by the heating load side circulating pump 13 is heated hot water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 sent by the heating heat source side circulating pump 11 and heating water The heat is exchanged by the heat exchanger 12, and the process returns to the bathroom drying / heating means 27. On the other hand, the high-temperature hot water in the upper part of the hot water tank 1 sent by the heating heat source side circulation pump 11 becomes low temperature and returns to the lower part of the hot water tank 1.
[0027]
As described above, the first, second, and third temperature detecting means 33, 34, and 35 are attached to the hot water storage tank 1 at different positions in the vertical direction. In addition, the hot water storage tank 1 is attached in this order downward. Now, when the bath reheating operation is selected by the bath reheating selection unit 30, the above-described heat pump heat source is used to utilize atmospheric heat so that the temperature of the first temperature detection unit 33 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. Perform hot water supply heating operation. Next, when bath reheating and bathroom drying / heating operation are selected by the bath reheating selection means 30 and the bathroom drying / heating selection means 32, the temperature of the second temperature detection means 34 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. As described above, the hot water supply heating operation is performed using the atmospheric heat by the heat pump heat source described above. Further, when bath reheating, bathroom drying and heating, and floor heating operation are selected by the bath reheating selection unit 30, the bathroom drying and heating selection unit 32, and the floor heating selection unit 31, the third temperature detection unit 35 The hot water supply heating operation is performed by using the above-mentioned atmospheric heat with the heat pump heat source so that the temperature becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature. As described above, if a required amount of hot water is secured for a required load, useless hot water supply heating operation is eliminated, and operation efficiency is improved. In addition, the temperature of the hot water serving as the heat source of the heat radiating means such as the bath reheating means 24, the bathroom drying / heating means 27, and the floor heating means 14 is determined by the hot water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 which is stored at a predetermined temperature by the hot water supply / heating operation using the heat pump heat source. , It can always exhibit a stable heat dissipation capability.
[0028]
By the way, in FIG. 1, the first, second and third temperature detecting means 33, 34 and 35 are attached at three different positions in the vertical direction of the hot water storage tank 1, but the number of the temperature detecting means is three. However, the number may be increased or decreased as needed. In addition, as a method of securing a necessary amount of heat for a load, there are a case where a hot water storage capacity is changed and a case where a hot water storage temperature is changed. Therefore, when storing the required amount of heat, there are a method of changing the capacity at the same predetermined hot water storage temperature and a method of changing the predetermined hot water storage temperature with the same hot water storage capacity. The number and position of the temperature detecting means may be determined.
[0029]
(Example 2)
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a water heater according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in FIG. 1 in that a bathroom drying / heating reservation switch 37 for making a reservation before using the bathroom drying / heating means and a bath reheating means are not reserved in advance. And a reservation switch 38 for canceling the reheating of the bath. Note that the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment have the same configuration, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0030]
Next, the operation and operation will be described. First, the drying and heating of the bathroom will be described. Usually, the temperature of a medium such as water flowing into the bathroom drying / heating means 27 is about 70 ° C to 80 ° C. Generally, in order to prepare for the load of the bathroom drying and heating, hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank 1 at midnight using electric power at midnight. At this time, the hot water is stored at a temperature higher than the required temperature (about 80 ° C. to 90 ° C.) in consideration of the temperature decrease due to the heat radiation from the hot water storage tank 1. By the way, bathroom drying and heating functions are not always used every day. The hot water tank 1 is heated to a high temperature every day to prepare for a function that may not be used.
[0031]
Therefore, for example, when the bathroom drying / heating function is used on the next day, the bathroom drying / heating reservation switch 37 reserves the use of the bathroom drying / heating function. In this case, the hot water storage tank 1 is heated to a required temperature in advance (usually at midnight to use the midnight power) by a hot water supply heating operation using a heat pump heat source. If the bathroom drying / heating function is not used on the next day, the bathroom drying / heating reservation switch 37 does not reserve the use of the bathroom drying / heating function. In this case, the hot water storage tank 1 may be boiled at a hot water temperature that satisfies the heat quantity corresponding to the hot water supply load (about 65 ° C. to 75 ° C. in the summer and the middle period).
[0032]
Next, bath reheating will be described. When performing bath reheating, the temperature of the bathtub 1 is usually about 40 ° C. In order to raise the temperature of the hot water in a short time, the temperature of the hot water from the hot water storage tank 1 entering the reheating water / water heat exchanger 25 needs to be about 70 ° C to 80 ° C. By the way, generally speaking, bathing is considered to be almost every day, so it is inconvenient to make a reservation on the previous day when necessary, as in the case of the above-mentioned bathroom drying / heating reservation switch 37, and it is inconvenient to forget to make a reservation. is there. Therefore, basically, the hot water storage tank 1 is heated to a required temperature by a hot water supply heating operation using a heat pump heat source in advance every day (usually at midnight to use midnight power). In this case, it is necessary to raise the temperature to about 75 to 85 ° C. in consideration of the heat radiation from the hot water storage tank 1. By the way, in the summer etc., I often do a shower instead of taking a bath. The temperature of the hot water used in that case does not have to be as high as the temperature required for reheating the bath. Therefore, in summer or the like, the hot water tank 1 may be heated to about 65 ° C. in advance by the hot water supply heating operation. Therefore, for example, when the user does not take a bath on the next day, a reservation for not using the bath reheating function is made by the bath reheating release reservation switch 38. In this case, the hot water storage tank 1 may be boiled at a hot water temperature that satisfies the heat quantity corresponding to the hot water supply load (about 65 ° C. to 75 ° C. in the summer and the middle period).
[0033]
If the user takes a bath on the next day, the user does not make a reservation for not using the bath reheating function with the bath reheating release reservation switch 38. In this case, the hot water storage tank 1 is heated to a required temperature (about 75 to 85 ° C.) in advance (usually in the middle of the night time to use power at midnight) by hot water supply heating operation using a heat pump heat source.
[0034]
As described above, when hot water is required, the hot water storage tank 1 is heated to a high temperature, and when high temperature is not required, the hot water storage tank 1 is heated to a relatively low temperature. Therefore, the efficiency of the hot water supply heating operation using a heat pump heat source is reduced. Improvement and reduction of heat radiation loss from the hot water storage tank 1 can be achieved.
[0035]
In the case of FIG. 2, the configuration is such that both the bathroom drying / heating reservation switch 37 and the bath additional heating release reservation switch 38 are provided, but either one may be provided.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of heat dissipating means serving as a heat source by circulating hot water stored in a hot water storage tank, and a selection state of a selecting means for selecting whether or not to use the plurality of heat dissipating means The hot water supply heating operation of heating the hot water in the hot water storage tank and storing it in the hot water storage tank is controlled in accordance with the conditions. It is possible to obtain a reduced heat radiation amount.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a configuration diagram of a water heater in a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a water heater in a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a water heater in a conventional example; Of the configuration of the second water heater in Japan
1 Hot water storage tank 14 Floor heating means (radiation means)
15 Hot water supply heating means 24 Bath reheating means (radiation means)
27 Bathroom drying and heating means (radiation means)
30 Bath reheating selection means (selection means)
31 Floor heating selection means (selection means)
32 Bathroom drying / heating selection means (selection means)
36 control means

Claims

給湯加熱手段と、前記給湯加熱手段で加熱した温水を貯湯する貯湯槽と、前記貯湯槽に貯湯された温水を循環させて熱源とする複数の放熱手段と、前記複数の放熱手段を使用するか否かを選択する選択手段と、前記選択手段での選択状況に応じて前記給湯加熱手段で加熱し前記貯湯槽に貯湯する給湯加熱運転を制御する制御手段とを備えた給湯機。Hot water supply heating means, a hot water storage tank for storing hot water heated by the hot water supply heating means, a plurality of heat radiating means for circulating the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank as a heat source, and using the plurality of heat radiating means A water heater comprising: selection means for selecting whether or not to perform the operation; and control means for controlling a hot water supply heating operation of heating the hot water by the hot water supply heating means and storing the hot water in the hot water storage tank in accordance with the state of selection by the selection means.

複数の放熱手段は、風呂追い焚き手段または床暖房手段または浴室乾燥暖房手段のうち少なくともふたつを含む請求項１記載の給湯機。The water heater according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of heat radiating means include at least two of a bath reheating means, a floor heating means, and a bathroom drying / heating means.

浴室乾燥暖房手段を使用する前に予約するための浴室乾燥暖房予約スイッチを備えた請求項２記載の給湯機。3. The water heater according to claim 2, further comprising a bathroom drying / heating reservation switch for making a reservation before using the bathroom drying / heating means.

風呂追い焚き手段を使用しないことを予約するための風呂追い焚き解除予約スイッチを備えた請求項２または３記載の給湯機。4. The water heater according to claim 2, further comprising a bath reheating cancellation reservation switch for reserving that the bath reheating means is not used.

給湯加熱手段をヒートポンプとする請求項１〜４のいずれか１項記載の給湯機。The water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hot water heating means is a heat pump.

ヒートポンプに封入する冷媒を二酸化炭素とする請求項５記載の給湯機。The water heater according to claim 5, wherein the refrigerant to be sealed in the heat pump is carbon dioxide.