JP2004323868A - Facility for treating waste gas of metallurgical furnace - Google Patents

Facility for treating waste gas of metallurgical furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004323868A
JP2004323868A JP2003115905A JP2003115905A JP2004323868A JP 2004323868 A JP2004323868 A JP 2004323868A JP 2003115905 A JP2003115905 A JP 2003115905A JP 2003115905 A JP2003115905 A JP 2003115905A JP 2004323868 A JP2004323868 A JP 2004323868A
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Prior art keywords
dust
exhaust gas
cooler
metallurgical furnace
waste gas
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JP2003115905A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Toshiya Harada
俊哉 原田
Yukinori Shigeyama
幸則 重山
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Priority to JP2003115905A priority Critical patent/JP2004323868A/en
Publication of JP2004323868A publication Critical patent/JP2004323868A/en
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  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a facility for treating a waste gas of a metallurgical furnace, which reduces a work load for recovering dust of coarse grains, has no restriction of a space, and achieves sufficient dust collection efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: The facility for treating the waste gas of a metallurgical furnace has an evaporation cooler 3 for recovering the dust of the coarse grains by cooling the waste gas installed in a subsequent stage of a waste-gas hood cooler 2 of the metallurgical furnace, and a wet dust-collector 4 installed after the evaporation cooler. The evaporation cooler preferably has a capability of cooling the waste gas to 300°C at the highest. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、転炉などの冶金炉の排ガス処理設備に関するもので、特に、効率的な集塵を行うことができる排ガス処理設備に係る。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
転炉のごとき冶金炉の排ガス集塵システムは、通常、乾式集塵装置と湿式集塵装置に分類される。一般に、転炉の湿式集塵装置は、炉上部の排ガスフード冷却器の後段に一次集塵機、二次集塵機を設け、排ガスを散水冷却しつつ排ガス中のダストを集塵水とともに回収するシステムである。この場合、転炉から発生するダストは集塵水中で混合回収され、シックナーおよびその前段にある粗粒分離器によって、粗粒ダストと細粒ダストとの分別回収を行っている。
一方、転炉の乾式集塵装置においては、冷却装置としてエバポレーションクーラーを備えており、その後段に電気集塵機を設置するのが一般的である。この方式では、ダストは粗粒がエバポレーションクーラーで、また細粒が電気集塵機でそれぞれ回収されている。
【0003】
上記の湿式集塵装置におけるシックナーで採取される細粒ダストは、脱水機で脱水した後、乾燥して造粒したり焼結工場にリサイクルされる。他方のシックナー前段の粗粒分離器で回収される粗粒ダストは、酸化度が低く、また水分も低いため、細粒ダストのように脱水機にかけることなく、簡易乾燥を経て冶金炉に再送入されている。すなわち、粗粒分離器で回収されるダストの低酸化特性を活かそうとすると、細粒ダストとは独立したリサイクル作業が発生するため、作業負荷が増大する。
【0004】
このような湿式集塵装置の問題点を解決するため、従来においても転炉の排ガスフード冷却器の後段に粗粒ダストを捕集する乾式集塵器を設け、更にその後に微粒ダストを捕集する湿式又は乾式の集塵器を設けた転炉排ガス処理装置(例えば、特許文献1参照)、また、冶金炉の排ガスの冷却器の後に乾式の集塵器を設けて鉄分を多量に含む高温乾ダストを捕集し、これを不活性ガスで処理して製鋼原料として再利用する方法(例えば、特許文献2参照)、更に、湿式集塵機の前段に乾式のサイクロンを設けて一部の粗粒ダストを捕集して熱間で炉内にリサイクルする方法等が提案されている(例えば、非特許文献1及び特許文献3参照)。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開昭62−170411号公報
【特許文献2】
特公平5−86457号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平4−289111号公報
【非特許文献1】
CAMP−ISIJ Vol.14(2001)−915
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上述した従来の排ガス処理方式は、いずれも乾式集塵器或いは乾式サイクロン自体に冷却機能をもたないため、乾式集塵後に冷却と集塵の機能を兼ね備えた湿式集塵システムを備える必要がある。そのため設備規模が過大になったり、あるいはスペース面での制約から湿式集塵の前段で十分な集塵効果を得ることができないという問題があった。
本発明は、このような従来技術の問題点を解消することを課題とし、粗粒ダスト回収のための作業負荷軽減を図ると共に、スペース上の制約も無く十分な集塵効率を達成できる冶金炉の排ガス処理設備を提供するものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するための本発明の要旨は次のとおりである。
(1) 冶金炉の排ガスフード冷却器の後段に、排ガスを冷却して粗粒ダストを回収するためのエバポレーションクーラーを設けると共に、該エバポレーションクーラーに続き湿式集塵機を設置したことを特徴とする冶金炉の排ガス処理設備。
(2) エバポレーションクーラーは、少なくとも300℃以下まで排ガスを冷却する能力を有することを特徴とする(1)記載の冶金炉の排ガス処理設備。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を図面に示す実施の形態に基づいて説明する。
図1に示すごとく、本発明に係る冶金炉(図示の例では転炉)の排ガス処理設備は、転炉1の上部に配設した排ガスフード冷却器2の後段に、排ガス中にスプレー水又は水蒸気を吹き込んで冷却するエバポレーションクーラー3を設け、更に、該エバポレーションクーラー3に続き湿式集塵器4を設けて構成してなるものである。エバポレーションクーラー3の底部には該クーラー内で冷却されて重力沈降した乾ダストの回収口5が設けられ、また、湿式集塵器4の後位には排風機(IDF)6、更にはガス放散部やガス回収部など公知の機器類が接続されている。
【0009】
このように本発明では、従前の湿式集塵設備における1次湿式集塵機による排ガス冷却を排し、代替として排ガスフード冷却器の出側にエバポレーションクーラー3を設置することを特徴とする。エバポレーションクーラー3においては、排ガスの温度、ガス量に応じてスプレー水または水蒸気を吹き込み、クーラー内で完全に水分を蒸発させてクーラー出側の排ガス温度を少なくとも300℃以下まで冷却することが望ましい。
排ガス温度を少なくとも300℃以下が望ましいとしたのは、この程度の温度まで冷却することで、湿式集塵機4での冷却を考慮すれば、下流側に設置する排風機(IDF)6が能力を十分に発揮する温度である50℃〜70℃の温度を確保でき、またエバポレーションクーラー本体の冷却も不要となるからである。なお、この温度が低すぎると設備的に過大となり実用的でなくなるので、下限としては150℃までとすることが好ましい。エバポレーションクーラーで冷却した後、排ガスを次の湿式集塵機4に通し、集塵水散水により除塵する。このとき、エバポレーションクーラー内の圧力損失は50mmAq程度であるため、2000mmAq以上の能力を持つ排風機であれば、湿式集塵機4で1500mmAq以上の圧力降下を確保することができるため、30mg/Nm以下の除塵性能を保持することができる。
【0010】
また、エバポレーションクーラー内では冷却に伴うガス流速の低下で、排ガス中のダストのうち比較的サイズの大きい粗粒ダストは、重力沈降にてクーラー底部に堆積する。この堆積したダストを底部の回収口5から取り出し、一旦ホッパー等に蓄えてから、断気状態で例えばチェーンコンベアまたは圧力窒素雰囲気下で搬送し、冶金炉または溶鉄中に粉体の状態で吹き込み、ダスト中の鉄分を回収する。このように本発明では、粗粒ダストを集塵水に戻さず、独立で回収し、断気状態でしかるべき冶金炉まで自動搬送することにより、従前の湿式集塵設備で必須とされたシックナー前段の粗粒分離器および粗粒ダストのリサイクル作業を省略することが可能となる。
【0011】
【実施例】
実際に転炉の排ガス処理に本発明を適用した場合を示す。図1の排ガス処理設備を用い下記の条件で処理を行った。
・転炉排ガス出側:1500℃、ダスト 20kg/t
・フード冷却器出側:600℃、ダスト 20kg/t
・エバポレーションクーラー:冷却水および水蒸気 0.20kg/Nm添加
・エバポレーションクーラー出側:200℃ ダスト8kg/t(質量比で全体の40%)が沈降し、これを回収した。その成分のうちT.Fe(全鉄分)は75質量%であり、そのうちすべてがM.Fe(金属鉄)であった。
・湿式集塵機後に回収された残りのダスト12kg/tの成分のうち、T.Feは62質量%であり、その内訳はM.Feが16質量%、FeOが36質量%であった。
【0012】
【発明の効果】
本発明のごとく、排ガスフード冷却器後段の湿式集塵システムの構成をエバポレーションクーラー及び湿式集塵機とすることで、無酸化粗粒ダストと細粒ダストを独立して回収できるため、粗粒分離機が不要となり、粗粒分離機で回収される粗粒ダストの処理を省略することができる。また従来、粗粒分離器で捕集される粗粒は重質量比で全ダストの20〜30%であるが、本発明によれば、その比率を40%程度まで向上できるため、シックナーに沈殿する細粒ダストの処理作業負荷の軽減にも繋がる。
また、エバポレーションクーラーで回収された粗粒ダストは酸化度の極めて低いダストであるため、断気状態で冶金炉に搬送し、装入または吹込みすることにより、従来の粗粒および細粒ダストよりも低エネルギーで効率よく鉄分を回収することが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る冶金炉の排ガス処理設備の概略を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 転炉 2 フード冷却器
3 エバポレーションクーラー
4 湿式集塵器 5 乾ダスト回収口
6 排風機
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment facility for a metallurgical furnace such as a converter, and more particularly to an exhaust gas treatment facility that can perform efficient dust collection.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Exhaust gas dust collection systems of metallurgical furnaces such as converters are generally classified into dry dust collectors and wet dust collectors. Generally, a wet dust collector of a converter is a system in which a primary dust collector and a secondary dust collector are provided after an exhaust gas hood cooler in the upper part of the furnace, and the dust in the exhaust gas is collected together with the dust collection water while spray cooling the exhaust gas. . In this case, dust generated from the converter is mixed and collected in the dust collection water, and the coarse dust and the fine dust are separated and collected by a thickener and a coarse separator in the preceding stage.
On the other hand, a dry dust collector of a converter generally includes an evaporation cooler as a cooling device, and an electric dust collector is generally installed at a subsequent stage. In this method, coarse particles are collected by an evaporation cooler, and fine particles are collected by an electrostatic precipitator.
[0003]
The fine dust collected by the thickener in the above wet dust collector is dehydrated by a dehydrator, dried, granulated, or recycled to a sintering plant. The coarse dust collected by the coarse separator in the former stage of the thickener has a low degree of oxidation and low moisture, so it does not need to be subjected to a dehydrator like fine dust, but is simply re-transmitted to the metallurgical furnace through simple drying. Has been entered. That is, if the low-oxidation property of the dust collected by the coarse-grain separator is to be utilized, the recycle work is performed independently of the fine-grain dust, so that the work load increases.
[0004]
In order to solve the problem of such a wet dust collector, a dry dust collector for collecting coarse dust is provided at a stage subsequent to the exhaust gas hood cooler of the converter, and thereafter fine dust is further collected. Converter exhaust gas treatment device provided with a wet or dry dust collector (see, for example, Patent Document 1), and a dry dust collector provided after a cooler for exhaust gas from a metallurgical furnace to obtain a high temperature containing a large amount of iron. A method of collecting dry dust, treating it with an inert gas, and reusing it as a steelmaking raw material (see, for example, Patent Document 2). Further, a dry cyclone is provided in front of a wet dust collector to provide some coarse particles. A method of collecting dust and recycling it in a furnace hot has been proposed (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 3).
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-62-170411 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-86457 [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-4-289111 [Non-Patent Document 1]
CAMP-ISIJ Vol. 14 (2001) -915
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, none of the above-mentioned conventional exhaust gas treatment methods has a cooling function in the dry dust collector or the dry cyclone itself, and therefore it is necessary to provide a wet dust collection system having both cooling and dust collecting functions after dry dust collection. There is. For this reason, there has been a problem that the equipment scale becomes excessively large, or a sufficient dust collecting effect cannot be obtained in the previous stage of the wet dust collecting due to space restrictions.
An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem of the prior art, reduce the work load for collecting coarse-grained dust, and achieve a sufficient dust collection efficiency without space restrictions. Of the present invention are provided.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The gist of the present invention for solving the above problems is as follows.
(1) After the exhaust gas hood cooler of the metallurgical furnace, an evaporation cooler for cooling the exhaust gas and collecting coarse dust is provided, and a wet dust collector is installed following the evaporation cooler. Exhaust gas treatment equipment for metallurgical furnaces.
(2) The exhaust gas treatment equipment for a metallurgical furnace according to (1), wherein the evaporation cooler has an ability to cool the exhaust gas to at least 300 ° C. or less.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, an exhaust gas treatment facility of a metallurgical furnace (a converter in the illustrated example) according to the present invention includes a spray water or An evaporative cooler 3 for cooling by blowing steam is provided, and a wet dust collector 4 is provided following the evaporative cooler 3. At the bottom of the evaporative cooler 3, a recovery port 5 for dry dust cooled and gravity settled in the cooler 3 is provided, and an exhaust fan (IDF) 6 and a gas Known devices such as a diffusion unit and a gas recovery unit are connected.
[0009]
As described above, the present invention is characterized in that exhaust gas cooling by the primary wet dust collector in the conventional wet dust collection equipment is exhausted, and the evaporation cooler 3 is installed as an alternative on the outlet side of the exhaust gas hood cooler. In the evaporative cooler 3, it is desirable to blow spray water or steam in accordance with the temperature and the gas amount of the exhaust gas to completely evaporate the water in the cooler and cool the exhaust gas temperature on the outlet side of the cooler to at least 300 ° C or less. .
The reason why the exhaust gas temperature is desirably at least 300 ° C. or less is that the exhaust gas (IDF) 6 installed on the downstream side has sufficient capacity in consideration of cooling by the wet dust collector 4 by cooling to such a temperature. This is because a temperature of 50 ° C. to 70 ° C., which is the temperature exerted on the evaporator, can be secured, and cooling of the evaporation cooler body is not required. If the temperature is too low, the equipment becomes excessively large and becomes impractical. Therefore, the lower limit is preferably set to 150 ° C. After cooling with an evaporative cooler, the exhaust gas is passed through the next wet dust collector 4 and dust is removed by spraying collected water. At this time, since the pressure loss in the evaporative cooler is about 50 mmAq, if the exhaust fan has a capacity of 2000 mmAq or more, the wet dust collector 4 can secure a pressure drop of 1500 mmAq or more, so that 30 mg / Nm 3 The following dust removal performance can be maintained.
[0010]
Further, in the evaporative cooler, due to a decrease in the gas flow rate due to cooling, relatively large-sized coarse dust among the dust in the exhaust gas is deposited on the bottom of the cooler by gravity sedimentation. The deposited dust is taken out from the collecting port 5 at the bottom, temporarily stored in a hopper or the like, and then transported in an aerated state, for example, under a chain conveyor or a pressure nitrogen atmosphere, and blown into a metallurgical furnace or molten iron in a powder state. Collect iron in dust. As described above, in the present invention, coarse dust is not returned to the dust collection water, but is independently collected, and is automatically transported to an appropriate metallurgical furnace in a degassed state. It is possible to omit the first-stage coarse-grain separator and coarse-grain dust recycling operation.
[0011]
【Example】
The case where the present invention is applied to the exhaust gas treatment of a converter is shown. The treatment was performed under the following conditions using the exhaust gas treatment equipment of FIG.
・ Converter exhaust gas outlet: 1500 ° C, dust 20 kg / t
・ Outside of hood cooler: 600 ° C, dust 20kg / t
Evaporation cooler: Cooling water and steam 0.20 kg / Nm 3 added. Evaporation cooler outlet side: 200 ° C. Dust 8 kg / t (40% of the whole by mass ratio) settled and was collected. Among the components, T.I. Fe (total iron content) was 75% by mass, all of which were M.F. Fe (metallic iron).
-Of the remaining dust 12 kg / t components collected after the wet dust collector, T.T. Fe is 62% by mass. Fe was 16% by mass and FeO was 36% by mass.
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
As in the present invention, the configuration of the wet dust collection system after the exhaust gas hood cooler is constituted by an evaporation cooler and a wet dust collector, so that the non-oxidized coarse dust and the fine dust can be collected independently. Is unnecessary, and the treatment of the coarse dust collected by the coarse separator can be omitted. Conventionally, the coarse particles collected by the coarse particle separator are 20 to 30% of the total dust in terms of mass ratio, but according to the present invention, the ratio can be increased to about 40%, so that the sediment on the thickener is reduced. It also leads to a reduction in the work load of processing fine dust.
In addition, the coarse dust collected by the evaporation cooler is extremely low in oxidation degree, so it is transported to a metallurgical furnace in a degassed state and charged or blown into it, so that the conventional coarse and fine dust is removed. It becomes possible to recover iron efficiently with lower energy.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating an exhaust gas treatment facility of a metallurgical furnace according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Converter 2 Food cooler 3 Evaporation cooler 4 Wet dust collector 5 Dry dust collection port 6 Air blower

Claims (2)

冶金炉の排ガスフード冷却器の後段に、排ガスを冷却して粗粒ダストを回収するためのエバポレーションクーラーを設けると共に、該エバポレーションクーラーに続き湿式集塵機を設置したことを特徴とする冶金炉の排ガス処理設備。At the subsequent stage of the exhaust gas hood cooler of the metallurgical furnace, an evaporation cooler for cooling the exhaust gas and collecting coarse dust is provided, and a wet dust collector is installed following the evaporation cooler. Exhaust gas treatment equipment. エバポレーションクーラーは、少なくとも300℃以下まで排ガスを冷却する能力を有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の冶金炉の排ガス処理設備。The exhaust gas treatment equipment of a metallurgical furnace according to claim 1, wherein the evaporation cooler has an ability to cool the exhaust gas to at least 300 ° C or less.
JP2003115905A 2003-04-21 2003-04-21 Facility for treating waste gas of metallurgical furnace Withdrawn JP2004323868A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011506901A (en) * 2007-12-21 2011-03-03 シーメンス・ファオアーイー・メタルズ・テクノロジーズ・ゲーエムベーハー・ウント・コ Method and apparatus for coarse separation of solid particles from gas containing solids
CN102071281A (en) * 2011-02-25 2011-05-25 辽宁环宇环保技术有限公司 Converter gas dry method bag type recovering and purifying system and process
CN103320568A (en) * 2013-06-25 2013-09-25 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 Multifunctional intelligent spray dust collection cooler
CN103451356A (en) * 2013-08-26 2013-12-18 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 Coarse dust-removal device for dry dust removal for converter
CN104060026A (en) * 2013-03-21 2014-09-24 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Flue gas cooling device used for dedusting in converter

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011506901A (en) * 2007-12-21 2011-03-03 シーメンス・ファオアーイー・メタルズ・テクノロジーズ・ゲーエムベーハー・ウント・コ Method and apparatus for coarse separation of solid particles from gas containing solids
CN102071281A (en) * 2011-02-25 2011-05-25 辽宁环宇环保技术有限公司 Converter gas dry method bag type recovering and purifying system and process
CN104060026A (en) * 2013-03-21 2014-09-24 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Flue gas cooling device used for dedusting in converter
CN103320568A (en) * 2013-06-25 2013-09-25 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 Multifunctional intelligent spray dust collection cooler
CN103451356A (en) * 2013-08-26 2013-12-18 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 Coarse dust-removal device for dry dust removal for converter

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