【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、圃場に植生する作物体を引抜く作物体引抜き機の技術分野に属する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、下記特許文献１、２に記載されるような枝豆等の作物体の引抜き機があった。これらの文献に記載される作物体引抜き機は、機体を自走させる走行装置と、圃場に植生する作物体の地上部を挟持し後側斜め上方に搬送して作物体を圃場から引抜く左右一対の挟持搬送ベルトと、該挟持搬送ベルトにより搬送される作物体に対して土落し作用する土落し装置とを設けたものであり、そして、土落し装置は、挟持搬送ベルトによって搬送される作物体に接触しながら回転して土落し作用する回転体を設け、該回転体と左右対向する位置にゴム板等の根当て板を垂下させた構成としている。
【０００３】
【特許文献１】特開２００１−１０３８２６号公報
【０００４】
【特許文献２】特開２００２−１１９１１８号公報
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記特許文献１に記載の作物体引抜き機では、土落し作用する回転体と左右対向する位置に等の根当て板を垂下させて設けたので、土落し装置による土落し作用域を作物体がスムーズに通過できるものとなるが、根当て板を垂下させた側は、回転体が直接作用しないので土落しが良好に行えない問題がある。このため、上記特許文献１に記載される作物体引抜き機にあっては、土落しが充分に行われるように土落し装置の前に土崩し装置を設けていて、構成が複雑なものとなっている。そこで、本発明は、土落し装置を簡略に構成しつつ、土落し装置による土落し作用域を作物体がスムーズに通過できるようにし、且つ、土落しが良好に行えるようにすることを課題とする。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するために、以下のように構成した。
請求項１記載の発明は、機体を自走させる走行装置１と、走行中に圃場Ｅに植生する作物体Ｐの地上部を挟持し後側斜め上方に搬送して作物体Ｐを圃場Ｅから引抜く左右一対の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２と、該挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２により搬送される作物体Ｐに対して土落し作用する土落し装置４０とを設けた作物体引抜き機において、前記土落し装置４０は、挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２によって搬送される作物体に接触しながら回転する回転体４１…を複数備え、該複数の回転体４１…は、左右の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の対向部の下方の左右両側で前後に異なる複数個所に配置したことを特徴とする作物体引抜き機としたものである。
【０００７】
請求項２記載の発明は、前記回転体４１…は、弾性変形可能な板体４１ａ…を回転軸に対して板体の厚み方向が軸芯方向に沿う方向となるようにして複数枚軸芯方向に間隔をあけて取付けたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の作物体引抜き機としたものである。
【０００８】
請求項３記載の発明は、前記回転体４１…に、外周方向に突出する複数の突起を設けたことを特徴とする請求項１或は請求項２記載の作物体引抜き機としたものである。
請求項４記載の発明は、前記回転体４１…の板体４１ａ…を、隣接する回転体４１…の板体４１ａ…と軸芯方向異なる個所に取付けるとともに、隣接する回転体４１…の板体４１ａ…とオーバーラップして回転するように取付けたことを特徴とする請求項２記載の作物体引抜き機としたものである。
【０００９】
請求項５記載の発明は、左右の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の対向部の下方の左右両側に配置した回転体４１…は、それぞれ左右反対側に突出する状態で回転するように配置したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の作物体引抜き機としたものである。
【００１０】
請求項６記載の発明は、回転体４１…を、左右の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の内面側に接して挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の駆動回転によって回転するローラ４２…と一体的に回転する回転軸４３によって回転する構成としたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の作物体引抜き機としたものである。
【００１１】
【作用】
この作物体引抜き機は、走行装置１により機体が自走し、その自走中に、左右一対の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２が、圃場Ｅに植生する作物体Ｐの地上部を挟持して後側斜め上方に搬送して作物体Ｐを圃場Ｅから引抜く。挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２が作物体Ｐを搬送する途中で、土落し装置４０が作物体Ｐに作用して土落しを行う。
【００１２】
【発明の効果】
請求項１から請求項５に記載の発明は、土落し装置４０は、挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２によって搬送される作物体に接触しながら回転する回転体４１…を複数備え、該複数の回転体４１…は、左右の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の対向部の下方の左右両側で前後に異なる複数個所に配置しているので、左右一方側からの土落し作用とその反対側からの土落し作用が前後にずれた個所で作用するので、土落し装置４０による土落し作用域を作物体Ｐがスムーズに通過でき、且つ、左右両側複数箇所で作物体Ｐに土落し作用するので、簡略な構成で良好な土落しが行える。
【００１３】
請求項２記載の発明では、前記回転体４１…は、弾性変形可能な板体４１ａ…を回転軸に対して板体の厚み方向が軸芯方向に沿う方向となるようにして複数枚軸芯方向に間隔をあけて取付けたので、作物体Ｐに対して上下に弾性変形しながら接当し、単に土に食い込むだけでなく、土を削ぎ落とすような作用も生じて良好な土落しが行える。
【００１４】
請求項３記載の発明では、前記回転体４１…に、外周方向に突出する複数の突起を設けたので、作物体Ｐの根部に付着する土の塊を落す場合に、土への食い込みが良く土落しが良好に行える。
請求項４記載の発明では、前記回転体４１…の板体４１ａ…を、隣接する回転体４１…の板体４１ａ…と軸芯方向異なる個所に取付けるとともに、隣接する回転体４１…の板体４１ａ…とオーバーラップして回転するように取付けたので、複数の回転体４１…を設けて良好な土落しが行えるものでありながら、土落し装置４０をコンパクトに構成できる。
【００１５】
請求項５記載の発明では、左右の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の対向部の下方の左右両側に配置した回転体４１…は、それぞれ左右反対側に突出する状態で回転するように配置したので、搬送中の作物体Ｐに対する土落し作用が確実に行われ、一層良好な土落しが行える。
【００１６】
請求項６記載の発明では、回転体４１…を、左右の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の内面側に接して挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の駆動回転によって回転するローラ４２…と一体的に回転する回転軸４３によって回転する構成としたので、回転体４１…の駆動機構を簡略に構成できる。
【００１７】
【発明の実施の態様】
本発明の実施の一態様として、最終収穫物が枝豆である作物体を圃場から引抜く作物体引抜き機を、以下に詳細に説明する。
この作物体引抜き機は、図に示すように、走行装置１と、作物体Ｐの収穫作業を行う作業部Ｗとを設けたもので、走行装置１は機体を機体前方となる進行方向ｄに向って走行させ、その走行中に作業部Ｗが作物体Ｐの収穫作業を行っていく。これにより、この作物体引抜き機は、機体進行方向ｄにそって並ぶ作物体Ｐを機械的に且つ連続的に収穫していくことになる。
【００１８】
走行装置１は、圃場Ｅに形成された畝Ｕの両側の谷部分Ｖを走行する左右一対の駆動回転する後輪５，５と左右一対の回転自在の前輪２７，２７を設けた四輪構成の走行装置で、これにより機体が自走するよう構成している。後輪５，５は、機体後部に配置されたエンジン６から動力が伝動されて駆動回転する。具体的には、エンジン６の動力が、エンジン６の前側に配置されエンジン６に連結するミッションケース７内の伝動機構に伝動し、該伝動機構を経てミッションケース７の左右両側部に装着した車輪伝動ケース８，８内の伝動機構に伝動し、該車輪伝動ケース８，８の下部の左右方向外側方に突出する後輪車軸９，９に伝動して該車軸９，９に取り付けている前記後輪５，５が駆動回転する構成としている。
なお、後輪９，９をクローラに構成することもできる。
【００１９】
また、機体の操縦部として歩行型の操縦ハンドル１０をその左右のグリップ部１１，１１が機体後端に位置するように機体後部に設けている。操縦ハンドル１０のグリップ部１１，１１から前側に延びる左右のハンドルフレーム１２，１２は下方に傾斜して前方に延び基部が引抜き搬送装置２への伝動フレーム１７，１７に固着している。また、操縦ハンドル１０のグリップ部１１，１１には、操縦者の握り操作により操作されるサイドクラッチレバー１３，１３を左右に設けていて、これにより左右の後輪５，５への伝動を個々に遮断することができ機体の旋回が容易に行える。更に、引抜き搬送装置２への伝動を断接するクラッチの操作を行う操作レバー１４を配置し、又、エンジン６からミッションケース７内の変速伝動機構への伝動を断接するクラッチの操作を行う操作レバー等も配置している。
【００２０】
次に、作業部Ｗについて説明する。
作業部Ｗには、作業走行中に作物体Ｐの根本部ｒを挟んで上方に搬送し作物体Ｐを圃場Ｅから抜取る引抜き搬送装置２を設けている。従って、走行装置１によって機体を進行方向ｄに向って走行させ、そして、その走行中に、引抜き搬送装置２が、作物体Ｐの根本部ｒを挟んで上方に搬送し作物体Ｐを圃場Ｅから引抜いていく。なお、ここで根本部ｒとは、作物体Ｐの地表面位置の或はその付近の地上及び地中の幹部、或は地中の根部とを指して根本部と称している。
【００２１】
また、引抜き搬送装置２の挟持始端部Ｓの前方には、地中にある作物体Ｐの根本部ｒの左右の土を左右外側方に移動させて排出する排土装置３を設けている。
また、排土装置３の排土作用部は引抜き搬送装置２の挟持始端部Ｓより下方に突出させて配置させている。従って、この作物体引抜き機は、排土装置３が地中にある作物体Ｐの根本部ｒの左右の土を左右外側方に移動させて排出し、このようにして左右の土が排出された個所に引抜き搬送装置２の挟持始端部Ｓが進んで行って、地表面位置の或は地表面付近の又は地中にある作物体Ｐの根本部ｒを引抜き搬送装置２が挟んで後側斜め上方に搬送し作物体Ｐを圃場Ｅから引抜いていく。これにより、作物体Ｐの地面付近にある最終収穫物Ｂを引抜き搬送装置２が挟んで傷つけることが生じにくくなる。
【００２２】
排土装置３は、板体で構成し該板体前面の排土面が左右外側ほど機体進行方向後側になる姿勢とした排土板３ａ，３ａを、作物体Ｐの根本部ｒの左右両側方を通過するよう左右に配置して構成している。なお、排土装置３の前方には、作物体Ｐの根本部ｒの左右の土を左右に分断する分断装置４を設けている。従って、この作物体引抜き機は、分断装置４が、作物体Ｐの根本部ｒの左右の土を予め左右に分断し、即ち、作物体Ｐの根本部ｒの左右の土を進行方向ｄに向って切溝を形成し、そして、排土装置３がその左右に分断された土の左右外側の土を左右外側方に移動させて排出するので、土が良好に排出され、作業を良好に進められる。なお、この分断装置４を設けないと、特に硬い土壌や粘性の高い土壌など流動性の低い土壌の場合には、排土装置３による左右外側方への土の移動が円滑に行われにくい。また、そのような場合で、排土装置３を前記のような左右の排土板３ａ，３ａで構成したものであるときには、左右外側方への土の移動が円滑に行われにくく、排土板３ａ，３ａの前面に土が滞留して排土板３ａ，３ａが土を押していくような状態になり排土が良好に行われない場合がある。しかし、このような場合でも、上記のような分断装置４を設けることで、土が左右外側方へ円滑に移動して排土が良好に行えるようになる。
【００２３】
また、分断装置４は、駆動動作される作用体によって機体進行方向ｄに向って土を左右に分断するようにもできるが、ここでは、機体構成の簡略化、軽量小型化、コストダウンという観点から、機体に固定の作用体にて構成する。具体的には平板で構成した分断板４ａ，４ａを設ける。分断板４ａ，４ａは、その板面を機体進行方向ｄと上下方向とに沿う姿勢とし、前記排土装置３の排土作用部３ａ，３ａの左右内端部前方に左右に配置して構成する。この分断板４ａ，４ａが土を分断する分断作用部となる。従って、この作物体引抜き機は、分断装置４の左右の分断板４ａ，４ａは、板面が機体進行方向ｄと上下方向とに沿う姿勢で土中に潜り込んで進行し、作物体Ｐの根本部ｒの左右の土を左右に分断する。このため分断板４ａ，４ａの土中直進性が高く、走行中、分断板４ａ，４ａの左右の位置ずれが生じにくい。よって、左右の分断板４ａ，４ａの間から作物体Ｐの根本部ｒが外れることが生じにくく、作業を良好に進められる。
【００２４】
作業部Ｗ各部の更に具体的な構成を以下に説明する。
作業部Ｗは、機体前部に配置していて、ミッションケース７の前部から斜め前側上方に延びる左右２本の伝動フレーム１７，１７と、ミッションケース７の前部から前側に延びる左右２本の支持フレーム１８，１８との各先端部に取り付けている。
【００２５】
引抜き搬送装置２は、上側のプーリ１９，１９と下側のプーリ２０，２０、そしてテンションローラー２１，２１…を左右に設け、それら左右それぞれに引抜き搬送装置２の搬送体となる挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２を巻き掛け、上側のプーリ１９，１９の駆動回転により左右の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２が駆動回転する構成としている。挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の左右内側のベルト外周面は互いに接触或は近接するように設ける。引抜き搬送装置２の挟持始端部Ｓは、挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の前端部で左右の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２が左右中央側でベルト外周面を互いに接触或は近接させ始める個所となり、ここに作物体Ｐの根本部ｒが入り込んでくると、左右の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２が作物体Ｐの根本部ｒを挟んで後側斜め上方に搬送し作物体Ｐを圃場Ｅから抜取ることになる。左右の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２への伝動構成については、ミッションケース７内の動力が、前記左右伝動フレーム１７，１７内の駆動軸２３，２３に伝動し、続いて、伝動フレーム１７，１７の上端部に取付けた伝動ケース１７ａ，１７ａ内の伝動機構１７ｂ（図示では、チェンとスプロケットによる伝動機構）によって上側のプーリ１９，１９の駆動軸１９ａ，１９ａに伝動して上側のプーリ１９，１９が回転し、左右内側のベルト外周面が後方に移動するように左右の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２が回転するというようになっている。上側及び下側のプーリー１９，１９，２０，２０、及びテンションローラー２１，２１…は、挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の周回内側に配置し伝動フレーム１７，１７の上端部に固着の伝動ケース１７ａ，１７ａと、前記支持フレーム１８，１８で支持されるフレーム２４，２４に取付けている。また、該フレーム２４，２４には、挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の上面側を覆うカバー２５，２５を取付けている
また、引抜き搬送装置２は作物体Ｐを機体に対して斜め後上方へ搬送するが、搬送装置２の斜め後上方への搬送速度のうち機体後方水平方向の速度成分の大きさは、走行装置１による機体前方水平方向への作業走行速度の大きさと略同じ大きさとなるよう設定する。このように設定すると、作業走行中、作物体Ｐは、引抜き搬送装置２によって、圃場Ｅに対して前後に倒れないで略垂直姿勢で搬送されるようになる。
【００２６】
作業部Ｗの前部下側左右には、作業部Ｗを圃場Ｅ（畝Ｕの左右の谷部Ｖ，Ｖ）に支持させる支持体としての左右一対の前輪２７，２７を設けている。この前輪２７，２７を設けたことにより、引抜き搬送装置２が畝Ｕ上に生育する作物体Ｐを挟んで上方に搬送することによって作物体Ｐを畝Ｕから抜取るときに作業部Ｗが下降しようとするのを、この前輪２７，２７で突っ張るようにして作業部Ｗを支持するものとなる。前輪２７，２７は、前記支持フレーム１８，１８に回動自在に取付けた横軸２８ａに取付け該横軸から前方にのびる前輪支持部材２８，２８の前端部に取り付けている。また、左右の前輪２７，２７は前記横軸２８ａの回動調節機構２８ｂによって高さ調節自在に設けている。回動調節機構２８ｂは、本例では、横軸２８ａに固着したアーム２８ｃと機体後部の取付け部２８ｄと、該アーム２８ｃと取付け部２８ｄとを連結するネジ孔を有する筒軸とその筒軸ネジ孔に螺合状態で挿入させたネジ軸からなる伸縮ロッド２８ｅと、該伸縮ロッド２８ｅを伸縮操作する操作ハンドル２８ｆを備えた伸縮操作部とで構成し、操作ハンドル２８ｆを回動操作すると伸縮操作部内のベベルギヤ対を介してネジ軸が回動してネジ軸がネジ筒に対して突出側或は引込み側に移動し伸縮ロッド２８ｅが伸縮動作する。これにより、前記アーム２８ｃが回動して横軸２８ａが回動し、横軸２８ａの左右両端部に一体回転するように取付けた左右の前輪支持部材２８，２８が上下回動して前輪２７，２７が上下動する構成としている。なお、手動操作により上下動するのに換えて、油圧シリンダ等の駆動機構の駆動力によって前輪２７，２７を上下動する構成としてもよく、また、畝上面位置を検出する検出手段を設けて、その検出手段の検出値に基づいて引抜き搬送装置２の挟持始端部Ｓの高さを畝上面位置に対して設定高さに維持されるように自動的に前輪２７，２７を上下動する構成としても良い。以上のように、前輪２７，２７を上下動可能に構成することで、引抜き搬送装置２の挟持始端部Ｓを畝Ｕの高さに応じて適当な高さに調節でき、これにより引抜き搬送装置２による作物体Ｐの挟持個所を適確な位置に上下調節して作物体Ｐの引抜き作業が良好に行える。
【００２７】
左右の前輪２７，２７の各前方には、分草体２９，２９を配置し、前輪２７，２７の前方に位置する作物体Ｐの茎葉を掻き分けて、前輪２７，２７が作物体Ｐを巻き込んだり踏み付けたりしないようにしている。また、分草体２９，２９は、前輪支持部材２８，２８の前端部上下回動調節可能に取付けた分草体取付部材２９ａ，２９ａで取付け支持しているので、分草体の取付け支持構成が、前輪支持部材を利用した簡略な構成となっている。また、分草体２９，２９から上方後側にのびるガイド部材（図示省略）を設けると、大きく繁っている場合の作業している畝の作物体と隣接の畝の作物体との掻き分けが良好に行え、隣接する作物体との絡みを解消して作業している畝の作物体を適確に引抜くことができる。
【００２８】
排土板３ａ，３ａと分断板４ａ，４ａとは、引抜き搬送装置２の左右の下側プーリー２０，２０の支軸２０ａ，２０ａを上から片持ち支持する前記フレーム２４，２４に固着の支持部材２４ａ，２４ａの上面に、左右位置調節自在に取り付けた取付け部材３ｂ，３ｂ，４ｂ，４ｂに装着して設けている。左右の分断板４ａ，４ａは、引抜き搬送装置２の挟持始端部Ｓの前方に適宜間隔（作物体Ｐの根本部ｒの幹の径の約２倍程度の間隔）をあけて、板面が機体進行方向ｄと上下方向とに沿う姿勢で互いに左右略平行姿勢で且つ左右の分断板４ａ，４ａの後側の左右間隔が前側の左右間隔より若干広くなるようにして設ける。排土板３ａ，３ａは、左右の分断板４ａ，４ａの後部を左右外側斜め後方に屈曲形成して設けている。左右の分断板４ａ，４ａの前側下部は船底状にそり上がった形状に形成して、機体前進時に分断板４ａ，４ａが円滑に土中に進入して前進できるようにしている。引抜き搬送装置２の左右の下側プーリー２０，２０の上方から前方にのびる左右中央側の前記左右の取付け部材４ｂ，４ｂは、左右の分断板４ａ，４ａの上端部とそれぞれ連結して該左右の分断板を支持するとともに、分断板４ａ，４ａの前端部より前方へ、前下り且つ左右斜め外側に傾斜した姿勢で突出させている。これにより、この左右取付け部材４ｂ，４ｂは、作物体Ｐの幹を引抜き搬送装置２の挟持始端部Ｓに案内するとともに、前下りの突出する部分にて地面付近に垂れ下がった最終収穫物Ｂや枝葉を引抜き搬送装置２の挟持始端部Ｓより上方に引き上げるガイド体としても機能することになり、枝豆等の最終収穫物Ｂをできるだけ傷めないで良好な引抜き作業が行えるものとなる。この左右取付け部材４ｂ，４ｂの前端部には、左右外側斜め後方に且つ後上がり姿勢でのびるガイド体３２，３２，３２，３２を設けている。本例では、さゆうそれぞれ上下二段に設けている。作物体Ｐが左右取付け部材４ｂ，４ｂの間に導入されて引抜き搬送装置２の挟持始端部Ｓに向けて移動すると、このガイド体３２…によって、幹の周りに繁る枝葉部や最終収穫物Ｂが引抜き搬送装置２の挟持始端部Ｓに対して左右に押し広げられ、引抜き搬送装置２ができるだけ作物体Ｐの枝葉部や最終収穫物Ｂを挟持しないようになっている。
【００２９】
前記挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の搬送終端部下方に受け台３４を設け、該受け台３４の左右両側に作物体Ｐを横倒し姿勢で載置する載置台３５，３５を設け、該載置台３５，３５を前記挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の搬送終端部より下方で前後方向略水平姿勢に配置するとともに、載置台３５，３５の前後中間位置を前記後輪５，５の車軸位置よりも前側に位置するように配置した構成としている。なお、左右の載置台３５，３５は、その左右内側部に設けた回動支点を中心に機体内側へ上方回動可能に設けている。隣接する畝の未引抜き作業側は、畝に植生する作物体Ｐが繁っているので、この側の載置台３５は作業走行中機体内側に移動させておく。一方、反対側に隣接する畝は既に引抜き作業が行われた後になるから、この側の載置台３５は作業走行中機体外側に移動させて、この載置台３５上に圃場から引抜いた作物体Ｐを横倒し姿勢で載置する。満載状態になったら、載置台３５上の作物体Ｐ…をまとめて取り出して圃場に置いて行く。
【００３０】
以上のように構成した作物体引抜き機は、走行装置１が機体進行方向ｄに向って走行させ、そして、その走行中に、引抜き搬送装置２が、作物体Ｐの根本部ｒを挟んで上方に搬送し作物体Ｐを圃場Ｅから引抜いていく。また、分断装置４が、作物体Ｐの根本部ｒの左右の土を左右に分断し、そして、排土装置３が、その左右に分断された土の左右外側の土を左右外側方に移動させて排出し、このようにして左右の土が排出された個所に引抜き搬送装置２の挟持始端部Ｓが進んで行って、地中にあった作物体Ｐの根本部ｒを引抜き搬送装置２が挟んで上方に搬送し作物体Ｐを圃場Ｅから引抜いていく。
【００３１】
従って、枝豆等の作物体Ｐを圃場Ｅから抜取るという収穫作業を、機械的に且つ連続的に行え、従来人力によっていたものと比べ省力化が図れる。しかも、排土装置３によって地中にある作物体Ｐの根本部ｒの左右の土を排出してそこを引抜き搬送装置２で挟んで上方に搬送し作物体Ｐを圃場Ｅから引抜いていくので、作物体Ｐの地面付近にある最終収穫物Ｂを引抜き搬送装置２が挟んで傷つけることが生じにくくなる。更に、分断装置４によって作物体Ｐの根本部ｒの左右の土を予め左右に分断してから排土装置３で左右外側方に移動させて排出するので、土が良好に排出され、作業を良好に進められる。
【００３２】
また、本例の作物体引抜き機は、走行装置１に、走行中に作物体Ｐの根本部ｒを挟持して後側斜め上方に搬送し作物体Ｐを圃場Ｅから引抜く左右一対の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２を備えた引抜き搬送装置２を設けた作物体引抜き機において、前記走行装置１は、回転自在の前輪２７，２７と駆動回転する後輪５，５を備えるとともに、後部にエンジン６とミッションケース７と歩行操縦用の操縦ハンドル１０を備え、前記引抜き搬送装置２の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２は、搬送始端部を機体前部側低位置に配置するとともに搬送終端部を機体側面視で前記後輪５，５の上端部の略上方位置に配置して全体を後上がり傾斜状態に配置し、前記挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の搬送終端部下方に受け台３４を設け、該受け台３４の左右両側に作物体Ｐを横倒し姿勢で載置する載置台３５，３５を設け、該載置台３５，３５を前記挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の搬送終端部より下方で前後方向略水平姿勢に配置するとともに、載置台３５，３５の前後中間位置を前記後輪５，５の車軸位置よりも前側に位置するように配置した構成としている。これにより、機体の作業走行とともに作業者が後輪５，５の前後近傍を歩行しながら、挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の搬送終端部から排出される作物体Ｐを取り出して、載置台３５，３５の左右一方側に載置していく作業が楽な姿勢で能率的に行える。また、作業の進行により載置台３５上に載置した引抜いた作物体Ｐが多くなると、機体前部側の重量が重くなって、圃場の凹凸による機体前部側の上昇が起こり難くなる。これにより、挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の搬送始端部の浮き上がりが生じにくくなって、地上部に最終収穫物Ｂがある枝豆等の作物体Ｐを引抜く場合に、挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の挟持位置が高くなって地上近くにある最終収穫物Ｂをベルトで挟んで傷めてしまうことが起こり難くなり、一層、良好な作業が行える。
【００３３】
そして、本例の作物体引抜き機は、機体を自走させる走行装置１と、走行中に圃場Ｅに植生する作物体Ｐの地上部を挟持し後側斜め上方に搬送して作物体Ｐを圃場Ｅから引抜く左右一対の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２と、該挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２により搬送される作物体Ｐに対して土落し作用する土落し装置４０とを設けた構成としている。したがって、この作物体引抜き機は、走行装置１により機体が自走し、その自走中に、左右一対の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２が、圃場Ｅに植生する作物体Ｐの地上部を挟持して後側斜め上方に搬送して作物体Ｐを圃場Ｅから引抜く。挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２が作物体Ｐを搬送する途中で、土落し装置４０が作物体Ｐに作用して土落しを行うものとなる。
【００３４】
更に、土落し装置４０は、挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２によって搬送される作物体に接触しながら回転する回転体４１…を複数備え、該複数の回転体４１…は、左右の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の対向部の下方の左右両側で前後に異なる複数個所に配置した構成としている。これにより、左右一方側からの土落し作用とその反対側からの土落し作用が作物体の搬送方向にずれた個所で作用するので、土落し装置４０による土落し作用域の作物体Ｐの通過がスムーズになり、且つ、左右の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の対向部の下方の左右両側複数箇所で作物体Ｐの根部に土落し作用するので、簡略な構成で良好な土落しが行える。
【００３５】
また、本例では、更に、以下のように構成したものである。
前記回転体４１…は、弾性変形可能な板体４１ａ…を回転軸に対して板体の厚み方向が軸芯方向に沿う方向となるようにして複数枚軸芯方向に間隔をあけて取付けたので、作物体Ｐに対して上下に弾性変形しながら接当し、単に土に食い込むだけでなく、土を削ぎ落とすような作用も生じて良好な土落しが行える。
【００３６】
前記回転体４１…に、外周方向に突出する複数の突起を設けたので、作物体Ｐの根部に付着する土の塊を落す場合に、土への食い込みが良く土落しが良好に行える。
前記回転体４１…の板体４１ａ…を、隣接する回転体４１…の板体４１ａ…と軸芯方向異なる個所に取付けるとともに、隣接する回転体４１…の板体４１ａ…とオーバーラップして回転するように取付けたので、複数の回転体４１…を設けて良好な土落しが行えるものでありながら、土落し装置４０をコンパクトに構成できる。
【００３７】
左右の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の対向部の下方の左右両側に配置した回転体４１…は、それぞれ左右反対側に突出する状態で回転するように配置したので、搬送中の作物体Ｐに対する土落し作用が確実に行われ、一層良好な土落しが行える。
【００３８】
回転体４１…を、左右の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の内面側に接して挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の駆動回転によって回転するローラ４２…と一体的に回転する回転軸４３…によって回転する構成としたので、回転体４１…の駆動機構を簡略に構成でき、また、回転軸４３…をローラ４２…の下部に一体的に設けているので回転体４１…の支持機構も簡略に構成できる。
【００３９】
ところで、上記の土落し装置４０を、図５、図６の構成として実施することもできる。この図示例は、回転体４４…を、回転軸４５…の外周に、先端側を軸芯周りに屈曲させた複数の棒材４４ａ…を固着して設けた構成である。この棒材４４ａ…は金属等の硬質材で成形したものである。この棒材４４ａ…も前記板体４１ａ…と同様な配置で取付けているので、上記と同様な作用効果を奏するものとなる。また、本図示例の回転体４４…は、図４、図５に示した板体４１ａ…で構成した回転体４４…と比べると、作物体Ｐの根部の土落し時に、棒材４４ａ…への根の絡みつきが生じて、土と共に根もある程度落せるものとなり、土落ちが良好である。
【００４０】
また、回転体４１…の回転軸４３…は、上記図示例では、左右の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の搬送方向に対して垂直方向に設けているが、左右の挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の搬送方向に対して傾斜して設け、更に、回転体４１…を複数の弾性部材で構成すると、挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２の挟持搬送による作物体Ｐの移動によって、作物体Ｐの根部に対する回転体４１…の作用個所が変化して土落し作用範囲が拡大する。また、この作用個所の変化によって回転体４１…の作物体への作用部は弾性変形するので、挟持搬送ベルト２２，２２による作物体Ｐの挟持搬送を過度に妨げることもなく、作物体の引抜き作業が良好に行われる。
【００４１】
或はまた、回転体を、その回転軸から放射方向に突出させる部材をらせん状に取付けた構成とすれば、上記のように挟持搬送ベルトの搬送方向に対して傾斜して設けなくても、作物体Ｐの根部に対する回転体の作用個所が上下に変化して土落し作用範囲が拡大し、土落ちが良好なものとなる。また、この場合に、搬送ベルトの移動速度よりも周速度が速くなるように別途駆動機構にて回転体を駆動すると、土落ちが一層良好なものとなる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】作物体引抜き機の側面図。
【図２】作物体引抜き機の平面図。
【図３】土落し装置の側面図。
【図４】土落し装置の平面図。
【図５】別構成の土落し装置の側面図。
【図６】別構成の土落し装置の平面図。
【符号の説明】
１：走行装置
２：引抜き搬送装置
３：排土装置
２２，２２：挟持搬送ベルト
４０：土落し装置
４１…：回転体
４１ａ…：板体
４２…：ローラ
４３：回転軸
ｄ：機体進行方向
Ｓ：挟持始端部
Ｐ：作物体
ｒ：作物体の根本部
Ｂ：最終収穫物
Ｅ：圃場[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention belongs to the technical field of a crop extractor for extracting crops vegetated in a field.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, there has been a machine for extracting crops such as green soybeans described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 below. The crop extractor described in these documents includes a traveling device for self-propelling the body, and a left and right pulling the crop from the field by holding the above-ground portion of the crop vegetated in the field and transporting the crop diagonally upward and rearward. It is provided with a pair of nipping and conveying belts, and a soil removal device that performs a soil removal action on a crop body that is transported by the nipping and transporting belt, and the soil removal device includes a crop that is transported by the nipping and transporting belt. A rotator that rotates while contacting the body and acts as a soil drop is provided, and a root plate such as a rubber plate is hung down at a position facing the rotator left and right.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1] JP-A-2001-103826
[0004]
[Patent Document 2] JP-A-2002-119118
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the crop extractor described in Patent Document 1, since a root plate such as a hanging plate is provided at a position facing left and right with a rotating body that acts as a soil dropper, the cropping action area of the soil dropper by the soil dropper can be adjusted. Although it can pass smoothly, there is a problem that the side where the root plate is hung cannot be slid properly because the rotating body does not act directly. For this reason, in the crop extractor described in Patent Document 1, a crushing device is provided in front of the crushing device so that crushing is sufficiently performed, and the configuration becomes complicated. ing. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to make it possible for crops to smoothly pass through a soil removal action area by a soil removal device while simplifying the configuration of the soil removal device, and to enable soil removal to be performed satisfactorily. I do.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following configurations.
The invention according to claim 1 is a traveling device 1 for self-propelling an airframe, and holds a ground portion of a crop P vegetated in a field E during traveling and transports the crop P obliquely upward rearward to move the crop P from the field E. In a crop body pulling machine provided with a pair of left and right pinching and conveying belts 22 and 22, and a soil removal device 40 that performs a soil dropping action on a crop P conveyed by the pinching and conveying belts 22, 22, The dropping device 40 includes a plurality of rotating bodies 41 that rotate while contacting the crops conveyed by the nipping and conveying belts 22. The plurality of rotating bodies 41 are opposed to the left and right nipping and conveying belts 22. A crop extractor characterized in that it is arranged at a plurality of different places on the left and right sides of the lower part of the part.
[0007]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the plurality of rotating bodies are configured such that the elastically deformable plate bodies 41a are arranged such that the thickness direction of the plate body is in the direction along the axial direction with respect to the rotation axis. 2. A crop extractor according to claim 1, wherein the crop extractor is attached at intervals in the direction.
[0008]
The invention according to claim 3 is the crop extractor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotating bodies 41 are provided with a plurality of projections projecting in an outer peripheral direction. .
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the plate members 41a of the rotating members 41 are attached to portions different in the axial direction from the plate members 41a of the adjacent rotating members 41, and the plate members of the adjacent rotating members 41 are attached. 41. The crop extractor according to claim 2, wherein the crop extractor is mounted so as to rotate while overlapping with 41a.
[0009]
The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the rotating bodies 41 arranged on the left and right sides below the opposing portions of the left and right nipping and conveying belts 22 are arranged so as to rotate in such a manner as to protrude to the left and right opposite sides, respectively. A crop extracting machine according to claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.
[0010]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the rotating members 41 are brought into contact with the inner surfaces of the left and right nip-conveying belts 22, 22, and rotate integrally with the rollers 42, which are rotated by the driving rotation of the nip-conveying belts 22,22. 2. A crop extractor according to claim 1, wherein the crop extractor is configured to rotate by a shaft 43.
[0011]
[Action]
In this crop extracting machine, the body is self-propelled by the traveling device 1, and during the self-propulsion, the pair of left and right pinching and conveying belts 22, 22 pinch the ground portion of the crop P vegetated in the field E. The crop body P is conveyed obliquely upward from the side and the crop body P is pulled out from the field E. While the nipping and conveying belts 22 and 22 are transporting the crop P, the soil removal device 40 acts on the crop P to perform soil removal.
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
The invention according to claim 1 to claim 5, wherein the soil removal device 40 includes a plurality of rotating bodies 41 that rotate while contacting the crops conveyed by the nipping and conveying belts 22, 22, and the plurality of rotating bodies. 41 are arranged at a plurality of different locations on the left and right sides below the opposing portions of the left and right nipping and conveying belts 22, 22, so that the soil removal action from one of the left and right sides and the soil removal action from the opposite side. Operates at locations shifted back and forth, so that the crop body P can smoothly pass through the soil removal action area of the soil removal device 40, and acts on the crop body P at a plurality of locations on both the left and right sides. Good soil removal is possible.
[0013]
In the invention described in claim 2, the rotating bodies 41 are arranged such that the elastically deformable plate bodies 41a are arranged such that the thickness direction of the plate body with respect to the rotation axis is in the direction along the axis direction. Since it is attached at intervals in the direction, it comes into contact with the crop body P while being elastically deformed up and down, and not only digging into the soil, but also an action of scraping off the soil occurs, and good soil removal can be performed. .
[0014]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, since a plurality of protrusions projecting in the outer peripheral direction are provided on the rotating bodies 41, when the lump of soil adhering to the root of the crop body P is dropped, the digging into the soil is good. Soil removal can be performed well.
In the invention according to claim 4, the plate members 41a of the rotating members 41 are attached to portions different in the axial direction from the plate members 41a of the adjacent rotating members 41, and the plate members of the adjacent rotating members 41 are attached. 41a are mounted so as to rotate so as to overlap with each other, so that a plurality of rotating bodies 41 are provided so that good soil removal can be performed, but the soil removal device 40 can be configured compactly.
[0015]
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the rotating bodies 41 arranged on the left and right sides below the opposing portions of the left and right nipping and conveying belts 22 are arranged so as to rotate in a state of protruding to the left and right opposite sides, respectively. The soil removal action on the crop P being transported is reliably performed, and more favorable soil removal can be performed.
[0016]
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the rotating members 41 contact the inner surfaces of the left and right sandwiching and conveying belts 22 and 22 and rotate integrally with the rollers 42 rotated by the driving rotation of the sandwiching and conveying belts 22 and 22. Since it is configured to rotate by the shaft 43, the drive mechanism of the rotating bodies 41 can be simply configured.
[0017]
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
As one embodiment of the present invention, a crop extractor for extracting a crop whose green crop is green soybeans from a field will be described in detail below.
As shown in the figure, this crop extracting machine is provided with a traveling device 1 and a working unit W for harvesting a crop P. The traveling device 1 moves the machine in a traveling direction d in which the machine is forward. The work unit W performs the harvesting work of the crop body P during the running. As a result, the crop extractor mechanically and continuously harvests the crops P arranged in the machine body traveling direction d.
[0018]
The traveling device 1 has a four-wheel configuration in which a pair of left and right driving and rotating rear wheels 5 and 5 and a pair of left and right rotatable front wheels 27 and 27 are provided, which run in valleys V on both sides of a ridge U formed in a field E. , Whereby the aircraft is configured to travel by itself. The rear wheels 5, 5 are driven and rotated by power transmitted from an engine 6 disposed at the rear of the body. Specifically, the power of the engine 6 is transmitted to a transmission mechanism in a transmission case 7 which is disposed on the front side of the engine 6 and is connected to the engine 6, and the wheels mounted on the left and right sides of the transmission case 7 via the transmission mechanism. The power is transmitted to the transmission mechanism in the transmission cases 8, 8 and is transmitted to the rear wheel axles 9, 9 projecting outward in the left-right direction below the wheel transmission cases 8, 8, and is attached to the axles 9, 9. The rear wheels 5, 5 are driven and rotated.
In addition, the rear wheels 9, 9 may be configured as crawlers.
[0019]
Further, a walking-type steering handle 10 is provided at the rear of the body so that the left and right grips 11, 11 are located at the rear end of the body as a control section of the body. The left and right handle frames 12, 12 extending forward from the grip portions 11, 11 of the steering handle 10 are inclined downward and extend forward, and the bases are fixed to the transmission frames 17, 17 to the pull-out transport device 2. In addition, side grip levers 13, 13 operated by a gripping operation of the operator are provided on the left and right sides of the grip portions 11, 11 of the steering handle 10, whereby transmission to the right and left rear wheels 5, 5 is individually performed. And the aircraft can be turned easily. Further, an operation lever 14 for operating a clutch for connecting and disconnecting the transmission to the pull-out conveyance device 2 is arranged, and an operation lever for operating a clutch for connecting and disconnecting the transmission from the engine 6 to the transmission mechanism in the transmission case 7. And so on.
[0020]
Next, the working unit W will be described.
The work unit W is provided with a pull-out transport device 2 that transports the crop P upward from the field E while sandwiching the root r of the crop P during work traveling. Therefore, the traveling apparatus 1 causes the machine body to travel in the traveling direction d, and during the traveling, the pull-out transport apparatus 2 transports the crop body P upward with the root portion r of the crop body P interposed therebetween, and moves the crop body P to the field E. Pull out from. Here, the root r refers to a ground or underground trunk at or near the ground surface position of the crop body P, or a root in the ground, and is referred to as a root.
[0021]
Further, in front of the holding start end S of the pulling and conveying device 2, there is provided an earth discharging device 3 for moving the soil on the left and right of the root portion r of the underground crop body P right and left outward and discharging the soil.
In addition, the earth discharging section of the earth discharging device 3 is disposed so as to protrude downward from the holding start end S of the pulling and conveying device 2. Therefore, in this crop extracting machine, the soil discharging device 3 moves the left and right soil of the root r of the crop P in the ground to the left and right outward and discharges the soil, and thus the left and right soil is discharged. Starting point S of the pulling and conveying device 2 advances to the place where the pulling and conveying device 2 sandwiches the root portion r of the crop P at or near the ground surface or in the ground. The crop body P is conveyed diagonally upward and the crop body P is withdrawn from the field E. This makes it difficult for the pulling and conveying device 2 to pinch and damage the final crop B near the ground of the crop body P.
[0022]
The earth removal device 3 is configured such that the earth removal plates 3a, 3a, which are composed of a plate body and whose earth removal surface at the front surface of the plate body is located on the rear side in the machine body traveling direction toward the left and right outer sides, are located on the left and right sides of the root r of the crop body P. It is arranged right and left so as to pass on both sides. In addition, a cutting device 4 is provided in front of the soil discharging device 3 to divide the left and right soil of the root part r of the crop body P into right and left. Therefore, in this crop extracting machine, the dividing device 4 previously divides the left and right soil of the root r of the crop P into left and right, that is, the left and right soil of the root r of the crop P in the traveling direction d. The soil removal device 3 moves the soil on the left and right sides of the divided soil to the left and right sides and discharges the soil. Proceed. If the dividing device 4 is not provided, it is difficult for the soil discharging device 3 to move the soil to the left and right sides smoothly, particularly in the case of low fluidity soil such as hard soil or highly viscous soil. Further, in such a case, when the discharging device 3 is constituted by the left and right discharging plates 3a, 3a as described above, the movement of the soil to the left and right outer sides is difficult to be performed smoothly, and the discharging is difficult. The soil may stay in the front of the plates 3a, 3a, and the earth discharging plates 3a, 3a may push the soil, and the earth discharging may not be performed well. However, even in such a case, by providing the dividing device 4 as described above, the soil can smoothly move to the left and right outer sides, and the soil can be discharged well.
[0023]
Further, the dividing device 4 can also divide the soil to the left and right in the body traveling direction d by an actuated body that is driven and operated. However, here, the viewpoint of simplification of the body configuration, weight reduction, and cost reduction. Therefore, it is composed of a working body fixed to the body. Specifically, dividing plates 4a, 4a formed of flat plates are provided. The separating plates 4a, 4a are configured such that their plate surfaces are oriented along the machine body traveling direction d and the vertical direction, and are disposed on the left and right front of the left and right inner ends of the discharging action portions 3a, 3a of the discharging device 3. I do. The dividing plates 4a, 4a serve as dividing action sections for dividing the soil. Therefore, in this crop extracting machine, the left and right dividing plates 4a, 4a of the dividing device 4 advance with the plate surfaces sunk into the soil in a posture along the machine body traveling direction d and the vertical direction. The right and left soil of the part r is divided into right and left. For this reason, the dividing plates 4a, 4a have high straightness in the soil, and the traveling position of the dividing plates 4a, 4a is hardly shifted during traveling. Therefore, it is difficult for the root part r of the crop body P to come off from between the left and right dividing plates 4a, 4a, and the operation can be favorably performed.
[0024]
A more specific configuration of each part of the working unit W will be described below.
The working unit W is disposed at the front of the fuselage, and has two transmission frames 17, 17 extending obliquely forward and upward from the front of the transmission case 7, and two left and right transmission frames extending from the front of the transmission case 7 to the front. Are attached to the respective end portions of the support frames 18 and 18.
[0025]
The pulling and conveying device 2 is provided with upper and lower pulleys 19 and 19, lower pulleys 20 and 20, and tension rollers 21, 21... , 22 and the upper and lower pulleys 19, 19 are driven to rotate, so that the left and right nipping and conveying belts 22, 22 are driven to rotate. The outer peripheral surfaces of the left and right inner sides of the nipping and conveying belts 22 and 22 are provided so as to contact or approach each other. The nipping start end S of the pull-out conveying device 2 is a place where the left and right nipping conveyance belts 22 start to contact or approach the outer peripheral surfaces of the belts at the left and right center sides at the front end of the nipping conveyance belts 22. When the root portion r of the crop body P enters, the left and right sandwiching and conveying belts 22 and 22 are transported diagonally upward and rearward with the root portion r of the crop body P interposed therebetween to remove the crop body P from the field E. Become. Regarding the transmission configuration to the left and right sandwiching and conveying belts 22, 22, the power in the transmission case 7 is transmitted to the drive shafts 23 in the left and right transmission frames 17, 17. The upper pulleys 19, 19 are transmitted to the drive shafts 19a, 19a of the upper pulleys 19, 19 by a transmission mechanism 17b (a transmission mechanism including a chain and a sprocket in the drawing) in the transmission cases 17a, 17a attached to the upper ends. The left and right nipping and conveying belts 22 and 22 rotate so that the outer peripheral surfaces of the left and right inner belts move rearward. The upper and lower pulleys 19, 19, 20, 20, and the tension rollers 21, 21,... Are arranged inside the circling of the nipping and conveying belts 22, 22, and are fixed to the upper ends of the transmission frames 17, 17, and the transmission case 17a, 17a and the frames 24, 24 supported by the support frames 18, 18. Further, covers 25, 25 are attached to the frames 24, 24 to cover the upper surfaces of the nipping and conveying belts 22, 22.
Further, the pull-out transport device 2 transports the crop body P obliquely rearward and upward with respect to the machine body. Of the transport speed of the transport device 2 obliquely rearward and upward, the magnitude of the speed component in the horizontal direction behind the machine body is determined by the traveling device. 1 is set to be substantially the same as the magnitude of the work traveling speed in the horizontal direction in front of the aircraft. With this setting, during the work traveling, the crop body P is transported by the pull-out transport device 2 in a substantially vertical posture without falling back and forth with respect to the field E.
[0026]
A pair of left and right front wheels 27, 27 as support members for supporting the working unit W on the field E (left and right valleys V, V of the ridge U) are provided on the lower left and right sides of the front of the working unit W. By providing the front wheels 27, 27, the work unit W moves down when the crop body P is removed from the ridge U by the pulling and conveying apparatus 2 transporting the crop body P growing on the ridge U upward and transporting the crop body P upward. What is to be done is to support the working unit W by stretching the front wheels 27, 27. The front wheels 27, 27 are mounted on a horizontal shaft 28a rotatably mounted on the support frames 18, 18, and are mounted on front ends of front wheel support members 28, 28 extending forward from the horizontal shaft. The left and right front wheels 27, 27 are provided so as to be adjustable in height by a rotation adjusting mechanism 28b of the horizontal shaft 28a. In the present embodiment, the rotation adjusting mechanism 28b includes a cylindrical shaft having an arm 28c fixed to the horizontal shaft 28a and a mounting portion 28d at the rear of the fuselage, and a screw hole connecting the arm 28c and the mounting portion 28d. A telescopic rod 28e composed of a screw shaft inserted into the hole in a threaded state, and a telescopic operation unit having an operation handle 28f for telescopically operating the telescopic rod 28e. The screw shaft is rotated via a pair of bevel gears in the unit, the screw shaft moves to the projecting side or the retracting side with respect to the screw cylinder, and the extensible rod 28e performs the extension / contraction operation. As a result, the arm 28c rotates, the horizontal shaft 28a rotates, and the left and right front wheel support members 28, 28 attached to the right and left ends of the horizontal shaft 28a to rotate integrally, rotate vertically to rotate the front wheel 27. , 27 move up and down. Instead of moving up and down by manual operation, the front wheels 27 and 27 may be moved up and down by the driving force of a driving mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder, and a detecting means for detecting the ridge upper surface position may be provided. The front wheels 27 are automatically moved up and down based on the detection value of the detection means so that the height of the nipping start end S of the pulling and conveying apparatus 2 is maintained at a set height with respect to the ridge upper surface position. Is also good. As described above, by configuring the front wheels 27, 27 to be vertically movable, the nipping start end S of the pulling and conveying device 2 can be adjusted to an appropriate height in accordance with the height of the ridge U. 2, the holding position of the crop P can be adjusted up and down to an appropriate position, and the crop P can be pulled out satisfactorily.
[0027]
In front of the left and right front wheels 27, 27, the weeds 29, 29 are arranged, and the foliage of the crop P located in front of the front wheels 27, 27 is squeezed, and the front wheels 27, 27 involve the crop P. Try not to trample on. Further, the weeds 29, 29 are mounted and supported by the weeds mounting members 29a, 29a, which are mounted so as to be able to adjust the vertical rotation of the front ends of the front wheel supporting members 28, 28. It has a simple configuration using a support member. When a guide member (not shown) extending from the weeds 29, 29 to the upper rear side is provided, it is possible to satisfactorily separate the crops of the working ridge and the crops of the adjacent ridge in the case of large growth. It is possible to remove the entanglement between the adjacent crops and to properly pull out the ridge crops that are being worked.
[0028]
The earth discharging plates 3a, 3a and the dividing plates 4a, 4a are fixedly supported on the frames 24, 24, which support the support shafts 20a, 20a of the left and right lower pulleys 20, 20 of the drawing and conveying device 2 from above. The mounting members 3b, 3b, 4b, 4b are provided on the upper surfaces of the members 24a, 24a so as to be adjustable in the left-right position. The left and right cutting plates 4a, 4a are spaced at appropriate intervals (about twice as large as the diameter of the trunk of the root r of the crop P) in front of the nipping start end S of the drawing and conveying device 2, and The left and right dividing plates 4a, 4a are provided in such a manner that the left and right spacings on the rear side thereof are slightly wider than the left and right spacings on the front side in a posture substantially parallel to the left and right sides in a posture along the machine body traveling direction d and the vertical direction. The discharge plates 3a, 3a are formed by bending the rear portions of the left and right dividing plates 4a, 4a obliquely rearward on the left and right outer sides. The front lower portions of the left and right dividing plates 4a, 4a are formed in a shape that is curved upward like a ship bottom so that the dividing plates 4a, 4a can smoothly enter the soil and move forward when the fuselage advances. The left and right attachment members 4b, 4b on the left and right central sides extending forward from above the left and right lower pulleys 20, 20 of the pulling and conveying device 2 are respectively connected to the upper ends of the left and right dividing plates 4a, 4a. And projecting forward from the front ends of the dividing plates 4a, 4a in a posture inclined forward and downward and left and right diagonally outward. Thereby, the left and right attachment members 4b guide the trunk of the crop P to the nipping start end S of the pulling and conveying device 2, and the final crop B, which hangs down near the ground at the forwardly protruding portion, It also functions as a guide body for pulling up the branches and leaves above the sandwiching start end S of the pulling and conveying device 2, so that a good pulling operation can be performed without damaging the final crop B such as green soybeans as much as possible. Guide bodies 32, 32, 32, 32 are provided at the front ends of the left and right attachment members 4b, 4b, which extend obliquely rearward on the left and right outer sides and in a rear-up posture. In this example, each of them is provided in the upper and lower stages. When the crop body P is introduced between the left and right attachment members 4b, 4b and moves toward the nipping start end S of the pull-out transport device 2, the guide body 32... Are spread left and right with respect to the sandwiching start end S of the pulling and conveying device 2 so that the pulling and conveying device 2 does not pinch the branch and leaf portion of the crop P or the final crop B as much as possible.
[0029]
A receiving table 34 is provided below the conveying end of the nipping conveying belts 22, 22, and mounting tables 35, 35 are provided on both left and right sides of the receiving table 34 for mounting the crop P in a sideways posture. 35 is disposed in a substantially horizontal position in the front-rear direction below the conveying end portions of the nipping and conveying belts 22, 22, and the front-rear intermediate position of the mounting tables 35, 35 is located forward of the axle position of the rear wheels 5, 5. It is configured to be arranged so that Note that the left and right mounting tables 35, 35 are provided so as to be able to rotate upward to the inside of the body around a rotation fulcrum provided on the left and right inner portions. On the undrawn work side of the adjacent ridge, the crop P vegetating on the ridge is growing, so the mounting table 35 on this side is moved to the inside of the machine body during the operation. On the other hand, since the ridge adjacent to the opposite side has already been subjected to the drawing operation, the mounting table 35 on this side is moved to the outside of the machine body during work traveling, and the crop body P pulled out from the field on the mounting table 35 Is placed on its side. When it is full, the crops P on the mounting table 35 are collectively taken out and placed on the field.
[0030]
In the crop extractor configured as described above, the traveling device 1 travels in the machine body traveling direction d, and during the traveling, the pulling and conveying device 2 moves upward with the root r of the crop P interposed therebetween. And the crop P is withdrawn from the field E. Further, the dividing device 4 divides the left and right soil of the root part r of the crop body P into right and left, and the earth discharging device 3 moves the left and right outer soil of the left and right divided soil to the left and right outward. The holding start end S of the pulling and conveying device 2 advances to the place where the left and right soils are discharged in this way, and removes the root portion r of the crop P that was in the ground. Is transported upwards, and the crop P is pulled out from the field E.
[0031]
Therefore, the harvesting operation of extracting the crop body P such as green soybeans from the field E can be performed mechanically and continuously, and labor saving can be achieved as compared with the conventional one which is manually performed. In addition, the soil discharging device 3 discharges the soil on the left and right of the root portion r of the crop P in the ground, and pulls the soil upward with the pulling and transporting device 2 to pull the crop P from the field E. In addition, it is difficult for the pulling and conveying device 2 to sandwich and damage the final crop B near the ground of the crop body P. Furthermore, since the left and right soil of the root part r of the crop body P is divided into right and left by the dividing device 4 before moving to the left and right outside by the soil discharging device 3, the soil is discharged well and the work is performed. Proceeds well.
[0032]
Further, the crop extractor of the present example has a pair of left and right holding the root portion r of the crop P on the traveling device 1 and transporting the crop P diagonally upward and backward from the field E during traveling. In a crop extractor provided with a pull-out transport device 2 having transport belts 22, 22, the traveling device 1 includes rotatable front wheels 27, 27 and drive-rotating rear wheels 5, 5, and an engine at a rear portion. 6, a transmission case 7, and a steering handle 10 for walking operation. The nipping and conveying belts 22, 22 of the pull-out conveyance device 2 are arranged such that the conveyance start end is located at a low position on the front side of the body and the conveyance end is located on the side of the body. The rear wheels 5, 5 are disposed at a position substantially above the upper ends of the rear wheels 5, 5 and the entire rear wheel is disposed in an upwardly inclined state. Crops P on both left and right sides of table 34 Mounting tables 35, 35 for mounting in a horizontal position are provided, and the mounting tables 35, 35 are arranged in a substantially horizontal position in the front-rear direction below the transport end of the nipping transport belts 22, 22. The front and rear middle positions of the rear wheels 5 and 5 are located forward of the axle positions of the rear wheels 5 and 5. As a result, the operator takes out the crop P discharged from the transport end of the nipping transport belts 22 and 22 while walking around the rear wheels 5 and 5 while the machine body is traveling, and places the platforms 35 and 35 thereon. The work of placing on one of the right and left sides can be performed efficiently in a comfortable posture. In addition, when the number of the extracted crops P mounted on the mounting table 35 increases as the operation progresses, the weight of the front part of the body increases, and the front part of the body due to unevenness in the field hardly rises. As a result, the transport start ends of the nipping and conveying belts 22 and 22 are unlikely to be lifted, and when the crop P such as green soybean with the final crop B on the ground is pulled out, the nipping and conveying belts 22 and 22 are nipped. The height of the position is high, and it is unlikely that the final crop B near the ground is damaged by being sandwiched between the belts, and more favorable work can be performed.
[0033]
Then, the crop extractor according to the present example holds the traveling device 1 for self-propelling the fuselage, and conveys the crop P by holding the ground portion of the crop P vegetated in the field E during traveling and obliquely upward on the rear side. A configuration is provided in which a pair of left and right pinching and conveying belts 22, 22 that are pulled out from the field E, and a dropping device 40 that works to drop the crop P conveyed by the pinching and conveying belts 22, 22 are provided. Therefore, in this crop extracting machine, the body is self-propelled by the traveling device 1, and the pair of right and left pinching and conveying belts 22, 22 pinch the ground portion of the crop P vegetated in the field E during the self-propelling. The crop P is pulled out of the field E by being conveyed obliquely rearward and upward. While the nipping / conveying belts 22 and 22 convey the crop P, the soil removal device 40 acts on the crop P to remove the soil.
[0034]
Furthermore, the soil removal device 40 includes a plurality of rotating bodies 41 that rotate while contacting the crops conveyed by the nipping and conveying belts 22, 22. A configuration is provided at a plurality of different locations on the left and right sides below the opposing portion 22 at different locations in the front and rear. As a result, the soil removal action from one of the left and right sides and the soil removal action from the opposite side act at locations shifted in the direction of transport of the crop, so that the soil removal device 40 allows the crop P to pass through the soil removal action area. Of the crop P at a plurality of locations on both the left and right sides below the opposing portions of the left and right sandwiching and conveying belts 22, 22, so that good soil removal can be performed with a simple configuration.
[0035]
In this example, the configuration is further as follows.
The rotating bodies 41 are attached with a plurality of elastically deformable plate members 41a spaced apart in the axial direction such that the thickness direction of the plate members is in the direction along the axial direction with respect to the rotation axis. Therefore, it comes into contact with the crop body P while being elastically deformed up and down, and not only digging into the soil, but also an action of shaving off the soil occurs, and good soil removal can be performed.
[0036]
Since a plurality of protrusions protruding in the outer circumferential direction are provided on the rotating bodies 41, when a lump of soil adhering to the root of the crop body P is dropped, it is easy to penetrate into the soil and the soil removal can be performed satisfactorily.
The plate members 41a of the rotating members 41 are attached to portions different from the plate members 41a of the adjacent rotating members 41 in the axial direction, and are rotated while overlapping the plate members 41a of the adjacent rotating members 41. , The earth removal device 40 can be made compact while providing a plurality of rotating bodies 41 to perform good earth removal.
[0037]
The rotating bodies 41 arranged on the left and right sides below the opposing portions of the left and right nipping and conveying belts 22, 22 are arranged so as to rotate so as to protrude to the left and right opposite sides, respectively. The dropping action is reliably performed, and more favorable soil dropping can be performed.
[0038]
A configuration in which the rotating bodies 41 are rotated by a rotating shaft 43 that rotates integrally with rollers 42 that are in contact with the inner surfaces of the left and right nipping and conveying belts 22 and 22 and that are rotated by the driving rotation of the nipping and conveying belts 22. As a result, the driving mechanism of the rotating bodies 41 can be simplified, and the supporting mechanism of the rotating bodies 41 can be simplified since the rotating shafts 43 are integrally provided below the rollers 42.
[0039]
By the way, the above-mentioned earth removal device 40 can also be embodied as the configuration of FIGS. The illustrated example has a configuration in which a plurality of rods 44a each having a distal end bent about an axis are fixedly provided on the outer periphery of a rotating shaft 45. The bars 44a are formed of a hard material such as metal. Since the rods 44a are also mounted in the same arrangement as the plate bodies 41a, the same operation and effect as described above are achieved. In addition, the rotating bodies 44 of the illustrated example are compared with the rotating bodies 44 composed of the plate bodies 41a shown in FIGS. The roots are entangled with each other, and the roots can be dropped together with the soil to a certain extent.
[0040]
In the illustrated example, the rotating shafts 43 of the rotating bodies 41 are provided in a direction perpendicular to the transport direction of the left and right nipping transport belts 22, 22. If the rotating bodies 41 are constituted by a plurality of elastic members, the rotation of the rotating body 41 with respect to the root of the crop body P is caused by the movement of the crop P by the sandwiching and conveying of the sandwiching and conveying belts 22, 22. The action location of ... changes and the soil dropping action range is expanded. In addition, the action of the rotating bodies 41... On the crop body is elastically deformed by the change of the action point, so that the sandwiching and transporting of the crop P by the sandwiching and conveying belts 22 and 22 is not excessively obstructed, and the crop is pulled out. Work is performed well.
[0041]
Alternatively, if the rotating body has a structure in which a member that projects radially from the rotation axis is attached in a spiral shape, it is not necessary to provide the member inclined with respect to the transport direction of the nipping transport belt as described above. The point of action of the rotating body on the root of the crop body P changes up and down, so that the range of action of the soil drop is expanded, and the soil drop becomes good. Further, in this case, if the rotating body is separately driven by a driving mechanism so that the peripheral speed is higher than the moving speed of the conveyor belt, the dropping of the soil is further improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a crop extractor.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a crop extracting machine.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the soil removal device.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the earth removal device.
FIG. 5 is a side view of a soil removal device having another configuration.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of a soil removal device having another configuration.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Traveling device
2: Pull-out transfer device
3: Discharge device
22, 22: Nipping conveyance belt
40: Earth removal device
41 ...: Rotating body
41a ...: Plate
42 ...: Roller
43: rotating shaft
d: Aircraft traveling direction
S: Nipping start end
P: crop body
r: Root of crop
B: Final crop
E: Field
