JP2004279679A - Substrate sticking device - Google Patents

Substrate sticking device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004279679A
JP2004279679A JP2003070335A JP2003070335A JP2004279679A JP 2004279679 A JP2004279679 A JP 2004279679A JP 2003070335 A JP2003070335 A JP 2003070335A JP 2003070335 A JP2003070335 A JP 2003070335A JP 2004279679 A JP2004279679 A JP 2004279679A
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Prior art keywords
substrate
electrostatic chuck
vacuum chamber
vacuum
shaft
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JP2003070335A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4286562B2 (en
Inventor
Hiroshi Nishijima
啓 西嶋
Satoshi Murata
聡 村田
Satoru Imai
了 今井
Satoru Kawai
悟 川井
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Fujitsu Ltd
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Fujitsu Display Technologies Corp
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Priority to JP2003070335A priority Critical patent/JP4286562B2/en
Priority to TW093106694A priority patent/TWI286627B/en
Priority to KR1020040017107A priority patent/KR20040081069A/en
Publication of JP2004279679A publication Critical patent/JP2004279679A/en
Priority to KR1020080039095A priority patent/KR100908960B1/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1303Apparatus specially adapted to the manufacture of LCDs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B32B37/1009Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure using vacuum and fluid pressure
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/54Arrangements for reducing warping-twist

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Container, Conveyance, Adherence, Positioning, Of Wafer (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a substrate sticking device for sticking substrates wherein the substrates are held at an electrostatic chuck so as not to be distorted. <P>SOLUTION: The substrate sticking device is provided with a vacuum chamber 22, a first electrostatic chuck 28 disposed in the vacuum chamber and having vacuum suction holes for holding a first substrate, a second electrostatic chuck 34 disposed opposite to the first electrostatic chuck in the vacuum chamber and having vacuum suction holes for holding a second substrate and a sucker 42 provided at at least one of the first and the second electrostatic chucks and capable of sucking the center part of the related substrate. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は液晶表示装置の基板貼り合わせ装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
液晶表示装置は、一対の基板と、これらの基板の間に挿入された液晶とからなる。例えば、一対の基板の一方はTFTを形成したTFT基板であり、他方の基板とカラーフィルタを形成したカラーフィルタ基板である。一方の基板には光硬化性シール剤からなる環状のシールが形成され、環状のシールは一対の基板を貼り合わせた後で紫外線を照射することにより硬化する。液晶は環状のシールによって取り囲まれた領域に挿入される。
【0003】
従来の液晶表示装置の製造方法においては、一対の基板を貼り合わせた後、液晶は真空チャンバ内で環状のシールに設けた注入孔から注入される。その後、環状のシールの注入孔は塞がされ、一対の基板からなる液晶パネルは真空チャンバの外部へ搬送され、環状のシールは適切なセルギャップを形成するように加圧される。
【0004】
最近、滴下注入法と呼ばれる液晶表示装置の製造方法が提案されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。滴下注入法では、一方の基板に環状のシールを形成し、液晶をその基板の環状のシール内に滴下する。それから、一対の基板は真空チャンバ内で貼り合わせられる。それから、環状のシールは紫外線の照射もしくは紫外線の照射と加熱の併用により硬化される。滴下注入法によれば、製造工程が短縮され、液晶表示装置の製造コストを低減することができる。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開平11−326857号公報
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
一対の基板を真空チャンバ内で貼り合わせるために、一対の基板はそれぞれ基板搬送アームによって真空チャンバ内の一対の静電チャックの位置へ搬送される。一方の基板は下方に位置する静電チャックの上に載せられ、他方の基板は上方に位置する静電チャックの下に配置される。上方に位置する静電チャックに保持されるべき基板には、基板下面側に微細パターンが形成されているため、基板搬送アームが微細パターンに接触しないように、基板の周辺部を保持して搬送するようになっている。そのため、基板の中央部には支えるものがないため、基板の中央部が重力によって反った状態で搬送される傾向がある。
【0007】
静電チャックは、静電吸着力を発生させるための電極とともに、基板を真空吸着力によって保持するための真空吸着孔を有する。基板は最初真空吸着力によって保持され、それから静電吸着力によって保持される。基板を静電チャックで真空吸着する場合、基板の大型化に伴い、基板がある程度反った状態で静電チャックの位置へ搬送され、真空吸着されることがある。この場合、基板は静電チャックに最初に接触した部分(周辺部)より吸着されていくため、基板の周辺部から真空吸着が始まり、最後に中央部が吸着される。すると、基板の中央部に歪みが集中し、歪みの逃げ場がなくなる。そのため、一対の基板を貼り合わせるために位置合わせを行う場合、貼り合わせマークが正規の位置にこなくなり、位置合わせ不良が発生する。
【0008】
また、基板の位置合わせのため、基板の載った静電チャックを真空中で移動させる必要がある。静電チャックは真空チャンバ内に配置され、その移動手段は真空チャンバ外に配置される。移動手段は、静電チャックに固定されたシャフトと、このシャフトを覆う蛇腹状弾性体とを含み、XYθテーブルを移動させる駆動部が蛇腹状弾性体内のシャフトを介して静電チャックを移動させる。位置合わせのために静電チャックを移動させる際には、蛇腹状弾性体に応力がかかり、蛇腹状弾性体の破損による設備稼働率低下が懸念される。
【0009】
本発明の目的は基板が歪まないように静電チャックに保持されるようにした基板貼り合わせ装置を提供することである。
【0010】
本発明の他の目的は部品が耐久性よく作動できるようにした基板貼り合わせ装置を提供することである。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明による基板貼り合わせ装置は、真空チャンバと、該真空チャンバに配置され、第1の基板を保持するために真空吸着孔を有する第1の静電チャックと、該真空チャンバに該第1の静電チャックと対向して配置され、第2の基板を保持するために真空吸着孔を有する第2の静電チャックと、該第1及び第2の静電チャックの少なくとも一方に設けられ、関連する基板の中央部を吸着可能な吸盤とを備えたことを特徴とするものである。
【0012】
この構成によれば、基板を真空吸着する場合、中央部より吸着させることで、吸着による基板の歪みを基板の周辺部から逃がすようにしている。
【0013】
また、本発明による基板貼り合わせ装置は、真空チャンバと、該真空チャンバに配置され、第1の基板を保持するために真空吸着孔を有する第1の静電チャックと、該真空チャンバに該第1の静電チャックと対向して配置され、第2の基板を保持するために真空吸着孔を有する第2の静電チャックと、該第1の静電チャックの昇降させる第1の移動手段と、該第2の静電チャックを少なくともXY方向に移動する第2の移動手段とを備え、該第2の移動手段は、該真空チャンバ内に位置する該第2の静電チャックと該真空チャンバ外に位置する駆動手段とを結合するシャフトと、該シャフトを覆う剛性体と、該シャフトと該剛性体の間に配置された磁気流体シールとからなることを特徴とするものである。
【0014】
この構成によれば、第2の移動手段は、XY方向に移動可能な第2の静電チャックと真空チャンバ外に位置する駆動手段とを結合するシャフトと、該シャフトを覆う剛性体と、該シャフトと該剛性体の間に配置された磁気流体シールとからなる。このように、シャフトのまわりを剛性体と磁気シールで気密に保持することで、シャフトのまわりを覆う構造物に応力がかからないようにする。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明の実施例について図面を参照して説明する。液晶表示装置は、一対の基板10、12と、一対の基板の間に挿入された液晶14とからなる。液晶表示装置は滴下注入法によって製造されたものである。一対の基板のうち、一方の基板はTFTを形成したTFT基板であり、他方の基板はカラーフィルタを形成したカラーフィルタ基板である。
【0016】
図1は一実施例の液晶表示装置の一方の基板を示す斜視図である。一方の基板10は環状のシール13を含む。液晶14は移動するディスペンサ16から基板10上で環状のシール13で取り囲まれた領域に液滴状に滴下される。環状のシール13を形成するシール剤はUV硬化性接着性樹脂またはUVと熱の併用によって硬化する接着性樹脂からなる。もう一方の基板12(図2には図示せず)が準備される。シール剤が基板10に塗布され、基板10がもう一方の基板12に貼り合わせられた後で硬化される。もう一方の基板12にはスペーサに接着剤をコーティングした接着性スペーサが塗布される。スペーサの代わりに支柱を設けてスペース散布工程を省くこともできる。
【0017】
図2は本発明による液晶表示装置の基板貼り合わせ装置を示す図である。図2において、液晶表示装置の基板貼り合わせ装置20は、真空チャンバ22を含む。真空チャンバ22は可動の上ハウジング24と固定の下ハウジング26とからなる。図2は真空チャンバ22が開放された状態を示す。図2の状態から上ハウジング24が下ハウジング26に向かって下降すると、真空チャンバ22は閉じられる。真空チャンバ22は、真空チャンバ22を排気するために真空ポンプに接続される。
【0018】
下静電チャック(又は下静電チャックプレート)28は直接に又は適切な定盤により下ハウジング28に設けられ、シャフト30によりXYθ駆動装置32に結合される。下静電チャック28は図示しない公知の電極を有し、その電極に通電することにより発生する静電力によって下静電チャック28の上に基板を保持する。下静電チャック28の上に載せられる基板は液晶14が滴下されている。また、静電チャック28は真空吸着孔を有する。真空吸着孔は下静電チャック28の表面に開口し、真空源から供給された真空力により下静電チャック28の上に配置された基板を保持させる。図示しないリフトピンが下静電チャック28に設けられた垂直な穴内を昇降可能に配置される。
【0019】
上静電チャック(又は下静電チャックプレート)34は直接に又は適切な定盤により上ハウジング24に設けられ、シャフト36により昇降駆動装置38に結合される。上静電チャック34は図示しない公知の電極を有し、その電極に通電することにより発生する静電力によって上静電チャック34の下に配置された基板を保持する。また、上静電チャック34は真空吸着孔40を有する。
【0020】
図3は上静電チャック34の一例を示す平面略図である。真空吸着孔40は上静電チャック34の表面に全体的に分布して配置される。下静電チャック28の真空吸着孔も同様である。上静電チャック34の真空吸着孔40及び下静電チャック28の真空吸着孔はそれぞれ図示しない弁を真空源に接続される。
【0021】
吸盤42が上静電チャック34の中央部に設けられる。吸盤42はその表面が上静電チャック34の表面と同一面となるように配置され、かつ上静電チャック34の表面から下方に突出するように移動可能である。吸盤42のシャフト部は上静電チャック34を貫通して延び、図示しない駆動手段に結合される。
【0022】
図2においては、上ハウジング24は下ハウジング26から離れており、真空チャンバ22は開放されている。この状態で、第1及び第2の基板10、12がそれぞれ基板搬送アームによって真空チャンバ22に搬送される。1つの基板10は図1に示すように液晶が滴下された基板であり、下静電チャック28の上に載せられる。もう1つの基板12は上静電チャック34の下に配置される。
【0023】
図4は基板12が基板搬送アーム44によって上静電チャック34の下に配置されたところを示す図である。上静電チャック34に保持されるべき基板12には、基板下面側に微細パターンが形成されているため、基板搬送アーム44が微細パターンに接触しないように、基板12の周辺部を保持して搬送するようになっている。そのため、基板12の中央部には支えるものがないため、基板12の中央部が重力によって反る傾向がある。
【0024】
図5は基板12が上静電チャック34の下にきたときに吸盤42が下降して、基板12の中央部を吸着するところを示す図である。図6は基板12が上静電チャック34に真空吸着されたところを示す図である。吸盤42は基板12の中央部を浮かし、基板12は下に凸の状態から上の凸の状態になる。その後、基板搬送アーム44が吸盤42とともに上昇し、上静電チャック34が基板12を真空吸着する。
【0025】
このようにして、基板12の中央部が最初に上静電チャック34に吸着され、基板12の吸着は基板12の周辺部へ拡がっていき、図6に示されるように、基板12が上静電チャック34に平坦な姿勢で真空吸着されることができる。実施例では、上静電チャック34の中央部に吸盤42を設けたが、複数の吸盤42を複数の位置に設け、吸着を制御することで、反りを修正しながら任意の位置から吸着を行うことができる。なお、下静電チャック28に保持されるべき基板10は下に凸の状態になっており、また図示しないリフトピンによって下静電チャック28上に下ろされるので、基板10の姿勢を吸盤によって特に調節することはない。
【0026】
基板12、10はまず真空吸着力によって上下静電チャック34、28に吸着される。それから、上下静電チャック34、28の電極に電流が流され、基板12、10は静電吸着力によって上下静電チャック34、28に吸着される。このように、基板12、10を真空吸着によって上下静電チャック34、28の表面にぴったりと配置させた状態で静電吸着力を作用させることにより、吸着力にムラが少なく安定した静電注着力が得られる。その後、真空吸着は停止される。
【0027】
それから、可動の上ハウジング24は下ハウジング26に押しつけられ、真空チャンバ22は閉鎖される。それから、真空チャンバ22の内部が排気され、真空チャンバ22の内部は真空状態になる。次に、上静電チャック34が下静電チャック28に向かって移動され、基板12は基板10に向かって押しつけられ、基板12の表面が基板10の環状のシール13に接触し、基板12のスペーサが基板10の表面に対して接触する。最初に粗貼り合わせを行った後、CCDカメラ等により基板12、10のアライメントマークを読み取り、その結果で下静電チャック28の位置を微調整しながらアライメントマークを合わせる。最後に、上静電チャック34を下静電チャック28に対してさらに下降させて加圧しながら、貼り合わせを行う。
【0028】
これまでの一連の動作により基板12、10の貼り合わせが完了すると、真空チャンバ22は大気に開放され、真空チャンバ22が開放される。上下静電チャック34、28の電極への通電が停止され、基板12、10の保持がなくなる。上静電チャック34が上昇され、貼り合わせられた基板12、10は下静電チャック28の上にある。下静電チャック28に設けられたリフトピンが上昇し、貼り合わせ済みの基板をリフトする。リフトされた貼り合わせ済みの基板は下流側に設置された搬送ロボットにより次の工程へ搬送され、環状のシール13に紫外線を照射して硬化させる。
【0029】
図7は本発明の他の実施例を示す図である。図8は図7の部分拡大図である。図7及び図8において、図2の部材と同様の部材は同様の参照番号を付けて示し、重複した説明を省略する。図2においては、下静電チャック(又は下静電チャックプレート)28はシャフト30によりXYθ駆動装置32に結合され、シャフト30のまわりは例えば蛇腹状弾性体(図示せず)によって気密にシールされる。
【0030】
図7及び図8においては、下静電チャック(又は下静電チャックプレート)28はシャフト30によりXYθ駆動装置32に結合され、シャフト30は剛性管50により覆われ、磁気流体シール52がシャフト30と剛性管50の間に配置される。シャフト30のまわりは磁気流体シール52によって気密にシールされる。
【0031】
すなわち、下静電チャック28を移動させる移動装置は、真空チャンバ22内に位置する下静電チャック28と真空チャンバ22外に位置するXYθ駆動装置(駆動手段)32とを結合するシャフト30と、シャフト30を覆う剛性管(剛性体)50と、シャフト30と剛性管50の間に配置された磁気流体シール52とからなる。そして、永久磁石54が剛性管50の内面側に配置され、永久磁石54に接触する磁極片56、58が磁気流体シール52に磁力を伝達する。磁気流体シール52は永久磁石54の磁力によって所定の位置に保持される。
【0032】
下静電チャック28の移動装置を真空チャンバ22内に組み込むことは真空チャンバ22の容積が大きくなることから、真空を作りだすときに不利になるため、真空チャンバ22外の大気中に設置される。移動装置の運動はシャフト30を介して下静電チャック28に伝達される。シャフト30のまわりは真空領域60となっており、その部分を真空に保持するため、磁気流体シール52が使用されている。磁気流体シール52を使用することで、剛性体50に応力がかからず、部品が耐久性よく作動できるようにした基板貼り合わせ装置を提供することができる。なお、図7および図8の実施例の特徴を図2の実施例に組み込むこともできる。
【0033】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、基板が歪まず、部品の耐久性よく、歩留り、稼働率が高い基板貼り合わせ装置を得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】図1は一実施例の液晶表示装置の一方の基板を示す斜視図である。
【図2】図2は本発明による液晶表示装置の基板貼り合わせ装置を示す図である。
【図3】図3は上静電チャックの一例を示す平面略図である。
【図4】図4は基板が基板搬送アームによって上静電チャックの下に配置されたところを示す図である。
【図5】図5は基板が上静電チャックの下にきたときに吸着パッドが下降して、基板の中央部を吸着するところを示す図である。
【図6】図6は基板12が上静電チャック34に吸着されたところを示す図である。
【図7】図7は本発明の他の実施例を示す図である。
【図8】図8は図7の部分拡大図である。
【符号の説明】
10…基板
12…基板
13…環状のシール
14…液晶
20…基板貼り合わせ装置
22…真空チャンバ
28…下静電チャック
30…シャフト
32…XYθ駆動装置
34…上静電チャック
36…シャフト
38…昇降駆動装置
40…真空吸着孔
42…吸盤
44…基板搬送アーム
50…剛性管
52…磁気流体シール
54…永久磁石
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a substrate bonding device for a liquid crystal display device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal inserted between the substrates. For example, one of the pair of substrates is a TFT substrate on which a TFT is formed, and the other substrate is a color filter substrate on which a color filter is formed. An annular seal made of a photocurable sealant is formed on one of the substrates, and the annular seal is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays after bonding the pair of substrates. The liquid crystal is inserted into the area surrounded by the annular seal.
[0003]
In a conventional method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, after bonding a pair of substrates, liquid crystal is injected from an injection hole provided in an annular seal in a vacuum chamber. Thereafter, the injection hole of the annular seal is closed, the liquid crystal panel including the pair of substrates is transferred to the outside of the vacuum chamber, and the annular seal is pressurized to form an appropriate cell gap.
[0004]
Recently, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device called a drop injection method has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1). In the drop injection method, an annular seal is formed on one substrate, and liquid crystal is dropped into the annular seal of the substrate. Then, the pair of substrates is bonded in a vacuum chamber. The annular seal is then cured by irradiation with ultraviolet light or a combination of irradiation with ultraviolet light and heating. According to the drop injection method, the manufacturing process can be shortened, and the manufacturing cost of the liquid crystal display device can be reduced.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-326857
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to bond the pair of substrates in the vacuum chamber, each of the pair of substrates is transferred to a position of the pair of electrostatic chucks in the vacuum chamber by the substrate transfer arm. One substrate rests on the lower electrostatic chuck and the other substrate is located below the upper electrostatic chuck. The substrate to be held by the electrostatic chuck located above has a fine pattern formed on the lower surface of the substrate, so that the substrate transfer arm holds and transports the periphery of the substrate so that the substrate transfer arm does not contact the fine pattern. It is supposed to. Therefore, since there is no support at the center of the substrate, the substrate tends to be conveyed while being warped by gravity.
[0007]
The electrostatic chuck has an electrode for generating an electrostatic attraction force and a vacuum attraction hole for holding the substrate by the vacuum attraction force. The substrate is first held by vacuum suction and then by electrostatic suction. When a substrate is vacuum-sucked by an electrostatic chuck, the substrate may be conveyed to a position of the electrostatic chuck in a warped state and vacuum-sucked with an increase in size of the substrate. In this case, since the substrate is attracted from a portion (peripheral portion) that first comes into contact with the electrostatic chuck, vacuum suction starts from a peripheral portion of the substrate, and finally a central portion is attracted. Then, the strain is concentrated on the central portion of the substrate, and there is no place for the strain to escape. Therefore, when positioning is performed to bond a pair of substrates, the bonding mark does not come to a proper position, and a positioning error occurs.
[0008]
In addition, in order to align the substrate, it is necessary to move the electrostatic chuck on which the substrate is placed in a vacuum. The electrostatic chuck is arranged in a vacuum chamber, and its moving means is arranged outside the vacuum chamber. The moving means includes a shaft fixed to the electrostatic chuck, and a bellows-like elastic body covering the shaft, and a driving unit for moving the XYθ table moves the electrostatic chuck via the shaft in the bellows-like elastic body. When the electrostatic chuck is moved for alignment, stress is applied to the bellows-like elastic body, and there is a concern that the equipment operating rate may be reduced due to breakage of the bellows-like elastic body.
[0009]
It is an object of the present invention to provide a substrate bonding apparatus in which a substrate is held by an electrostatic chuck so as not to be distorted.
[0010]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a substrate bonding apparatus in which components can operate with high durability.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A substrate bonding apparatus according to the present invention includes a vacuum chamber, a first electrostatic chuck disposed in the vacuum chamber and having a vacuum suction hole for holding a first substrate, and a first electrostatic chuck provided in the vacuum chamber. A second electrostatic chuck that is disposed to face the electrostatic chuck and has a vacuum suction hole for holding a second substrate; and a second electrostatic chuck provided on at least one of the first and second electrostatic chucks. And a suction cup capable of adsorbing a central portion of the substrate to be sucked.
[0012]
According to this configuration, when the substrate is vacuum-sucked, the substrate is sucked from the central portion so that the distortion of the substrate due to the suction is released from the peripheral portion of the substrate.
[0013]
In addition, a substrate bonding apparatus according to the present invention includes a vacuum chamber, a first electrostatic chuck disposed in the vacuum chamber and having a vacuum suction hole for holding a first substrate, and a first electrostatic chuck provided in the vacuum chamber. A second electrostatic chuck disposed opposite to the first electrostatic chuck and having a vacuum suction hole for holding a second substrate, and a first moving unit for moving the first electrostatic chuck up and down; And second moving means for moving the second electrostatic chuck at least in the X and Y directions, the second moving means comprising: the second electrostatic chuck located in the vacuum chamber; and the vacuum chamber. It is characterized by comprising a shaft for coupling the driving means located outside, a rigid body covering the shaft, and a magnetic fluid seal disposed between the shaft and the rigid body.
[0014]
According to this configuration, the second moving unit includes: a shaft that couples the second electrostatic chuck movable in the X and Y directions to the driving unit that is located outside the vacuum chamber; a rigid body that covers the shaft; It comprises a shaft and a magnetic fluid seal disposed between the rigid bodies. In this way, by keeping the periphery of the shaft airtight with the rigid body and the magnetic seal, stress is not applied to the structure covering around the shaft.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates 10 and 12 and a liquid crystal 14 inserted between the pair of substrates. The liquid crystal display device is manufactured by a drop injection method. One of the pair of substrates is a TFT substrate on which a TFT is formed, and the other substrate is a color filter substrate on which a color filter is formed.
[0016]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one substrate of the liquid crystal display device of one embodiment. One substrate 10 includes an annular seal 13. The liquid crystal 14 is dropped from the moving dispenser 16 onto the substrate 10 in a region surrounded by the annular seal 13 in the form of droplets. The sealant forming the annular seal 13 is made of a UV-curable adhesive resin or an adhesive resin which is cured by using both UV and heat. Another substrate 12 (not shown in FIG. 2) is prepared. A sealant is applied to the substrate 10 and cured after the substrate 10 is bonded to the other substrate 12. An adhesive spacer in which an adhesive is coated on the spacer is applied to the other substrate 12. A column may be provided instead of the spacer to eliminate the space spraying step.
[0017]
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a substrate bonding apparatus for a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. In FIG. 2, the substrate bonding apparatus 20 of the liquid crystal display includes a vacuum chamber 22. The vacuum chamber 22 includes a movable upper housing 24 and a fixed lower housing 26. FIG. 2 shows a state where the vacuum chamber 22 is opened. When the upper housing 24 descends toward the lower housing 26 from the state of FIG. 2, the vacuum chamber 22 is closed. The vacuum chamber 22 is connected to a vacuum pump for evacuating the vacuum chamber 22.
[0018]
The lower electrostatic chuck (or lower electrostatic chuck plate) 28 is provided on the lower housing 28 directly or by a suitable surface plate, and is coupled to the XYθ driving device 32 by the shaft 30. The lower electrostatic chuck 28 has a known electrode (not shown), and holds a substrate on the lower electrostatic chuck 28 by an electrostatic force generated by energizing the electrode. The liquid crystal 14 is dropped on the substrate placed on the lower electrostatic chuck 28. Further, the electrostatic chuck 28 has a vacuum suction hole. The vacuum suction holes are opened on the surface of the lower electrostatic chuck 28, and hold the substrate placed on the lower electrostatic chuck 28 by a vacuum force supplied from a vacuum source. A lift pin (not shown) is arranged so as to be able to move up and down in a vertical hole provided in the lower electrostatic chuck 28.
[0019]
An upper electrostatic chuck (or lower electrostatic chuck plate) 34 is provided on the upper housing 24 directly or by a suitable surface plate, and is coupled to a lifting drive 38 by a shaft 36. The upper electrostatic chuck 34 has a well-known electrode (not shown), and holds a substrate disposed below the upper electrostatic chuck 34 by an electrostatic force generated by energizing the electrode. The upper electrostatic chuck 34 has a vacuum suction hole 40.
[0020]
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing an example of the upper electrostatic chuck 34. The vacuum suction holes 40 are distributed over the entire surface of the upper electrostatic chuck 34. The same applies to the vacuum suction holes of the lower electrostatic chuck 28. The vacuum suction holes 40 of the upper electrostatic chuck 34 and the vacuum suction holes of the lower electrostatic chuck 28 are respectively connected to valves (not shown) to a vacuum source.
[0021]
A suction cup 42 is provided at the center of the upper electrostatic chuck 34. The suction cup 42 is arranged so that its surface is flush with the surface of the upper electrostatic chuck 34, and is movable so as to protrude downward from the surface of the upper electrostatic chuck 34. The shaft portion of the suction cup 42 extends through the upper electrostatic chuck 34 and is connected to driving means (not shown).
[0022]
In FIG. 2, the upper housing 24 is separated from the lower housing 26, and the vacuum chamber 22 is open. In this state, the first and second substrates 10 and 12 are respectively transferred to the vacuum chamber 22 by the substrate transfer arms. As shown in FIG. 1, one substrate 10 is a substrate on which liquid crystal is dropped, and is placed on the lower electrostatic chuck 28. Another substrate 12 is located below upper electrostatic chuck 34.
[0023]
FIG. 4 is a view showing a state where the substrate 12 is disposed below the upper electrostatic chuck 34 by the substrate transfer arm 44. Since the substrate 12 to be held by the upper electrostatic chuck 34 has a fine pattern formed on the lower surface side of the substrate, the peripheral portion of the substrate 12 is held so that the substrate transfer arm 44 does not contact the fine pattern. It is designed to be transported. Therefore, since there is no support at the center of the substrate 12, the center of the substrate 12 tends to warp due to gravity.
[0024]
FIG. 5 is a view showing a state where the suction cup 42 descends when the substrate 12 comes under the upper electrostatic chuck 34 and sucks a central portion of the substrate 12. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state where the substrate 12 is vacuum-adsorbed on the upper electrostatic chuck 34. The suction cup 42 floats at the center of the substrate 12, and the substrate 12 changes from a downward convex state to an upward convex state. Thereafter, the substrate transfer arm 44 moves up together with the suction cup 42, and the upper electrostatic chuck 34 sucks the substrate 12 by vacuum.
[0025]
In this manner, the central portion of the substrate 12 is first attracted to the upper electrostatic chuck 34, and the attraction of the substrate 12 spreads to the peripheral portion of the substrate 12, and as shown in FIG. The electric chuck 34 can be vacuum-sucked in a flat posture. In the embodiment, the suction cups 42 are provided at the center of the upper electrostatic chuck 34. However, the suction cups 42 are provided at a plurality of positions, and the suction is controlled to perform the suction from an arbitrary position while correcting the warpage. be able to. Note that the substrate 10 to be held by the lower electrostatic chuck 28 is in a downwardly convex state, and is lowered on the lower electrostatic chuck 28 by a lift pin (not shown). I will not.
[0026]
The substrates 12 and 10 are first attracted to the upper and lower electrostatic chucks 34 and 28 by a vacuum attraction force. Then, a current is applied to the electrodes of the upper and lower electrostatic chucks 34 and 28, and the substrates 12 and 10 are attracted to the upper and lower electrostatic chucks 34 and 28 by an electrostatic attraction force. As described above, by applying the electrostatic attraction force in a state where the substrates 12 and 10 are placed exactly on the surfaces of the upper and lower electrostatic chucks 34 and 28 by vacuum attraction, the electrostatic injection with less unevenness in the attraction force and stable. Strength is obtained. Thereafter, the vacuum suction is stopped.
[0027]
Then, the movable upper housing 24 is pressed against the lower housing 26 and the vacuum chamber 22 is closed. Then, the inside of the vacuum chamber 22 is evacuated, and the inside of the vacuum chamber 22 is evacuated. Next, the upper electrostatic chuck 34 is moved toward the lower electrostatic chuck 28, and the substrate 12 is pressed against the substrate 10, and the surface of the substrate 12 contacts the annular seal 13 of the substrate 10, The spacer contacts the surface of the substrate 10. After performing the rough bonding first, the alignment marks on the substrates 12 and 10 are read by a CCD camera or the like, and the alignment marks are aligned while finely adjusting the position of the lower electrostatic chuck 28 based on the result. Lastly, bonding is performed while the upper electrostatic chuck 34 is further lowered with respect to the lower electrostatic chuck 28 and pressurized.
[0028]
When the bonding of the substrates 12 and 10 is completed by a series of operations so far, the vacuum chamber 22 is opened to the atmosphere, and the vacuum chamber 22 is opened. The power supply to the electrodes of the upper and lower electrostatic chucks 34 and 28 is stopped, and the holding of the substrates 12 and 10 is stopped. The upper electrostatic chuck 34 is raised, and the bonded substrates 12 and 10 are on the lower electrostatic chuck 28. The lift pins provided on the lower electrostatic chuck 28 rise to lift the bonded substrates. The lifted and bonded substrate is transported to the next step by a transport robot installed on the downstream side, and is cured by irradiating the annular seal 13 with ultraviolet rays.
[0029]
FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 7 and 8, the same members as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the duplicate description will be omitted. In FIG. 2, a lower electrostatic chuck (or lower electrostatic chuck plate) 28 is connected to an XYθ driving device 32 by a shaft 30, and the periphery of the shaft 30 is hermetically sealed by, for example, a bellows-like elastic body (not shown). You.
[0030]
7 and 8, a lower electrostatic chuck (or lower electrostatic chuck plate) 28 is coupled to an XYθ driving device 32 by a shaft 30, the shaft 30 is covered by a rigid tube 50, and a magnetic fluid seal 52 is And the rigid tube 50. The circumference of the shaft 30 is hermetically sealed by a magnetic fluid seal 52.
[0031]
That is, the moving device for moving the lower electrostatic chuck 28 includes a shaft 30 that connects the lower electrostatic chuck 28 located in the vacuum chamber 22 and an XYθ driving device (driving unit) 32 located outside the vacuum chamber 22. A rigid pipe (rigid body) 50 covering the shaft 30 and a magnetic fluid seal 52 disposed between the shaft 30 and the rigid pipe 50 are provided. Then, the permanent magnet 54 is disposed on the inner surface side of the rigid tube 50, and the magnetic pole pieces 56 and 58 in contact with the permanent magnet 54 transmit a magnetic force to the magnetic fluid seal 52. The magnetic fluid seal 52 is held at a predetermined position by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 54.
[0032]
Incorporating the moving device of the lower electrostatic chuck 28 into the vacuum chamber 22 is disadvantageous when creating a vacuum because the volume of the vacuum chamber 22 becomes large. Therefore, it is installed in the atmosphere outside the vacuum chamber 22. The movement of the moving device is transmitted to the lower electrostatic chuck 28 via the shaft 30. A vacuum region 60 is formed around the shaft 30, and a magnetic fluid seal 52 is used to keep the portion in a vacuum. By using the magnetic fluid seal 52, it is possible to provide a substrate bonding apparatus in which stress is not applied to the rigid body 50 and components can operate with high durability. Note that the features of the embodiment of FIGS. 7 and 8 can be incorporated into the embodiment of FIG.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a substrate bonding apparatus in which a substrate is not distorted, components have high durability, a yield is high, and an operation rate is high.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one substrate of a liquid crystal display device according to one embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a substrate bonding apparatus for a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing an example of an upper electrostatic chuck.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state where a substrate is arranged below an upper electrostatic chuck by a substrate transfer arm.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a state where a suction pad descends when a substrate comes under an upper electrostatic chuck and sucks a central portion of the substrate;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state where the substrate 12 is attracted to the upper electrostatic chuck 34;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 7;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Substrate 12 ... Substrate 13 ... Annular seal 14 ... Liquid crystal 20 ... Substrate bonding apparatus 22 ... Vacuum chamber 28 ... Lower electrostatic chuck 30 ... Shaft 32 ... XYθ drive 34 ... Upper electrostatic chuck 36 ... Shaft 38 ... Elevating Driving device 40 Vacuum suction hole 42 Suction cup 44 Substrate transfer arm 50 Rigid tube 52 Magnetic fluid seal 54 Permanent magnet

Claims (2)

真空チャンバと、該真空チャンバに配置され、第1の基板を保持するために真空吸着孔を有する第1の静電チャックと、該真空チャンバに該第1の静電チャックと対向して配置され、第2の基板を保持するために真空吸着孔を有する第2の静電チャックと、該第1及び第2の静電チャックの少なくとも一方に設けられ、関連する基板の中央部を吸着可能な吸盤とを備えたことを特徴とする基板貼り合わせ装置。A vacuum chamber, a first electrostatic chuck disposed in the vacuum chamber and having a vacuum suction hole for holding a first substrate, and disposed in the vacuum chamber so as to face the first electrostatic chuck. A second electrostatic chuck having a vacuum suction hole for holding a second substrate; and a second electrostatic chuck provided on at least one of the first and second electrostatic chucks, and capable of sucking a central portion of an associated substrate. A substrate bonding apparatus comprising a suction cup. 真空チャンバと、該真空チャンバに配置され、第1の基板を保持するために真空吸着孔を有する第1の静電チャックと、該真空チャンバに該第1の静電チャックと対向して配置され、第2の基板を保持するために真空吸着孔を有する第2の静電チャックと、該第1の静電チャックを昇降させる第1の移動手段と、該第2の静電チャックを少なくともXY方向に移動する第2の移動手段とを備え、該第2の移動手段は、該真空チャンバ内に位置する該第2の静電チャックと該真空チャンバ外に位置する駆動手段とを結合するシャフトと、該シャフトを覆う剛性体と、該シャフトと該剛性体の間に配置された磁気流体シールとからなることを特徴とする基板貼り合わせ装置。A vacuum chamber, a first electrostatic chuck disposed in the vacuum chamber and having a vacuum suction hole for holding a first substrate, and disposed in the vacuum chamber so as to face the first electrostatic chuck. A second electrostatic chuck having a vacuum suction hole for holding a second substrate, first moving means for moving up and down the first electrostatic chuck, and at least XY A second moving means moving in a direction, the second moving means being coupled to the second electrostatic chuck located in the vacuum chamber and a driving means located outside the vacuum chamber. And a rigid body that covers the shaft, and a magnetic fluid seal disposed between the shaft and the rigid body.
JP2003070335A 2003-03-14 2003-03-14 Substrate bonding equipment Expired - Fee Related JP4286562B2 (en)

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JP4286562B2 (en) 2009-07-01

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