JP2004278876A - Heat pump type hot water supply heater - Google Patents
Heat pump type hot water supply heater Download PDFInfo
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- JP2004278876A JP2004278876A JP2003069077A JP2003069077A JP2004278876A JP 2004278876 A JP2004278876 A JP 2004278876A JP 2003069077 A JP2003069077 A JP 2003069077A JP 2003069077 A JP2003069077 A JP 2003069077A JP 2004278876 A JP2004278876 A JP 2004278876A
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- refrigerant
- hot water
- heat pump
- water supply
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 190
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 101100165177 Caenorhabditis elegans bath-15 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
- F24H4/02—Water heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
- F24D15/04—Other domestic- or space-heating systems using heat pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
- F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
- F24D19/1054—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water the system uses a heat pump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/48—Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
- Domestic Hot-Water Supply Systems And Details Of Heating Systems (AREA)
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はヒートポンプサイクルを用いて給湯および暖房を行う給湯暖房機に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来技術のヒートポンプ貯湯式給湯暖房機として、ヒートポンプサイクルにより高温に貯湯したタンク内の上部に設けた水循環式の熱交換器を設け、タンク内に貯湯された高温水と暖房機で放熱して戻った低温水が熱交換器内を循環することにより高温貯湯側から吸熱して再昇温し循環ポンプを介して暖房機に温水を循環させることにより暖房を行うシステムが特開2002−349964号公報(以下、特許文献1)に開示されている。
【0003】
本従来技術のタンク内高温貯湯運転はヒートポンプサイクルの高圧高温の冷媒回路と循環ポンプによりタンク底部から吸入した循環水により熱交換を行い、水回路内の水温を昇温させてからタンク上部に戻し貯湯を行っている。
【0004】
従って、ヒートポンプサイクルから水回路と冷媒回路との熱交換を行う水冷媒熱交換器を介して一旦高温水をタンクに貯湯し、この高温水と暖房機内を循環する水回路との熱交換を別途設置した水熱交換器を用いて吸熱し暖房運転を行うため、ヒートポンプサイクルから貯湯タンクに高温水を貯湯するための水冷媒熱交換と、暖房機へ高温水を循環するためのタンク内高温水と暖房水回路との水水熱交換の合計2回の熱交換を行わなければならない。このため、熱交換効率が低下し、システムのエネルギー効率が低下する恐れがある。
【0005】
また、他の給湯暖房システムとして、例えばエチレングリコール水溶液などの熱媒を循環させて貯湯タンク内の水を温めたり、床暖房運転を行うことが特開2002−286231号公報(以下、特許文献2)に開示されている。
【0006】
特許文献2のシステムでは給湯用のタンク内高温水貯湯運転はタンク内に設置された電気ヒーターにより行っており、貯湯のエネルギー効率(加熱能力/使用電力)は1以下の低効率化を招く。また、暖房安定後に使用するヒートポンプサイクルによる暖房回路は別途暖房用熱源機を設置するためシステムの大形化が懸念されるとともに、ヒートポンプサイクルは給湯には使用されず暖房専用の熱源機として構成されているため夏季などの暖房運転不要時期では動作せず年間利用の観点からは過剰な構成となる。また、冬期においては暖房の立上りに要する使用熱量が増大するためタンク内の貯湯熱量が減少し、対応としてタンク容量を大きくするか、電気代の高い昼間貯湯運転を行う必要が生じることがある。
【特許文献1】
特開2002−349964号公報(要約)
【特許文献2】
特開2002−286231号公報(要約)
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記不具合、即ち暖房運転する場合に高温水をタンクに貯湯させるヒートポンプ運転ではヒートポンプサイクルから吸熱するため、冷媒回路とタンク水回路を接触あるいは接合した水冷媒熱交換器を用い、更にこの高温貯湯された高温水から暖房機に利用する循環水の温度上昇を得るために水熱交換器をタンク内に設置する必要がある。従って、暖房用に温水を循環するにはヒートポンプサイクルで吸熱した熱源を一旦水冷媒熱交換器によりタンク水回路に吸熱貯湯し、このタンク内高温水から水熱交換器を介して暖房機用循環水に吸熱させ暖房用温水を作らなけらばならない。熱交換を行う場合には熱交換効率が生じ、当該システムのように高温冷媒回路からタンク貯湯への熱交換、タンク貯湯した高温水から更に暖房用循環水への熱交換と2重に熱交換させるため熱損失が増加し、暖房システムとして効率低下を招く。また、暖房の立上げは貯湯タンク内高温水からの吸熱により暖房用温水を作り、立上げ後はヒートポンプサイクルの冷媒回路から暖房用熱源を吸熱するシステムではヒートポンプサイクル熱源機がタンク貯湯には使用されず暖房専用の熱源機となるため貯湯および立上げ暖房用高温水は電気ヒーターを用いたタンクユニットにより運転される。安定時の暖房運転は専用のヒートポンプサイクル熱源機が必要となりシステムの大形化およびヒートポンプサイクル熱源機の夏季など暖房運転不要時の運転率低下が予想される。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、ヒートポンプサイクル熱源機による直接給湯および暖房を行う給湯暖房システムを用い、暖房時も熱交換効率を向上させるため冷媒管と暖房用温水を暖房専用に直接熱交換させる水冷媒熱交換器を給湯用水冷媒熱交換器とは別に並列に設置する。また、圧縮機出口の高温冷媒は給湯用と暖房用の水冷媒熱交換器手前に設置した切換え弁により冷媒回路が変更され、減圧装置手前で給湯用熱交換器と暖房用熱交換器の各々出口パイプが合流する。尚、暖房用の水冷媒熱交換器出口から給湯用水冷媒熱交換器出口との合流部手前に減圧装置側に向かった流れ方向の逆止弁を設置し、暖房停止中のサイクルパイプ内に冷媒が凝縮することを防止する。
【0009】
このような暖房用回路を構成することにより暖房用熱源をヒートポンプサイクルの高温冷媒回路から直接効率良く吸熱し、水冷媒熱交換器の小形化が可能となり、高効率な暖房運転を行うことができる。また、本発明のヒートポンプサイクル熱源機は高出力とし、貯湯用の大容量タンクユニットは使用せず給湯時はヒートポンプサイクル冷媒回路と給湯水回路の給湯用水冷媒熱交換器により直接給湯を行う。暖房も同様に冷媒回路と暖房水回路の水冷媒熱交換器により行われるため、熱交換器、切換え弁、逆支弁等はヒートポンプサイクル熱源機内に収納可能であり、給湯暖房システムの集約、コンパクト構造および製造原価の低減に貢献できる。
【0010】
以上のようなヒートポンプ給湯暖房機の給湯回路および暖房回路を冷凍サイクル、給湯用水冷媒熱交換器、暖房用水冷媒熱交換器、暖房機器、切換え弁などから構成することにより暖房熱源の高効率熱交換、暖房回路の低原価構成を得ることができる。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の一実施例を図1を用いて説明する。図1は本実施例のヒートポンプサイクル熱源機を用いた給湯および床暖房回路を示しており、1は回転数制御可能な圧縮機、2は外気との熱交換により吸熱を行う蒸発器、3は蒸発器2への送風を行い熱交換を促進する送風機、4は凝縮した高温高圧冷媒を減圧させる減圧装置、5は外気が低温時に蒸発器に着霜し運転時間とともに着霜量が増大したとき高温冷媒ガスを蒸発器に流入させて除霜を行う2方弁である。本実施例ではヒートポンプサイクルが2系統独立して構成され、圧縮機、蒸発器、減圧装置、ファン等は各々2台用いており、添字aおよびbはサイクルに用いる機器の系統を区別している。添字aは第1系統のヒートポンプサイクル、添字bは第2系統のヒートポンプサイクルを示している。給湯用の水冷媒熱交換器6は、冷媒回路と給湯・タンク沸上げ・風呂追焚き水回路が接触し熱交換を行う。床暖房用水冷媒熱交換器8は床暖房パネル9に這わせたパイプに循環ポンプ7により送水する温水をつくる。21は給湯および床暖房運転の冷媒回路を切り換えるための3方向切り変え弁である。10は逆止弁であり、暖房用水冷媒熱交換器8の冷媒回路出口と減圧装置4aの間に設置される。給湯用水冷媒熱交換器の冷媒回路は補助貯湯タンク13の周囲に螺旋状に設置され、この周囲を断熱材で覆うため冷媒回路はタンクからの熱伝導により高温に保持され、停止中に冷媒が凝縮することはない。11は給湯、風呂湯張りを行う時の給水口、12は洗面、台所などへ出湯させるための出湯口である。バイパス比例弁19は給水された水を出湯する水に混合するために通過させる弁である。水比例弁20は、必要に応じて混合弁18で混合された給湯用水冷媒熱交換器6からの水と貯湯タンク13からの水からなる高温の水と、給水口11からの低い温度の水とが混ぜられて、その温度が適切になった水の出湯量の調節を行う。出湯口12の17は風呂15へ自動湯張りを行う場合の注湯電磁弁を示す。また、16は風呂15の追焚きを行う場合の循環ポンプを示している。14は補助貯湯タンク13に貯湯する場合、水冷媒熱交換器6を介してタンクに循環させるタンク沸上げ用ポンプである。
【0012】
ここで、貯湯タンクは少容量であり給湯開始時のヒートポンプサイクルが立ち上がりの過渡状態にある時、混合弁18を介して給湯回路にタンク内温水が補助的に供給される。
【0013】
図2は本実施例で示した給湯、追焚き用水冷媒熱交換器の一例であり、25は第1系統のヒートポンプサイクルの冷媒管、26は給湯、タンク沸上げ用水管、27は第2系統のヒートポンプサイクルの冷媒管、28は風呂追焚き用の水管であり各々偏平に成形され各管の接触面積を増加させている。各第1系統ヒートポンプサイクル冷媒管、給湯用水管、第2系統ヒートポンプサイクル冷媒管、風呂追焚き用水管は4本を1組として螺旋状に成形し補助貯湯タンクの周囲に設置する構造としている。
【0014】
図3は床暖房用の水冷媒熱交換器であり、29は第1のヒートポンプサイクルの冷媒管、30は床暖房用の温水管であり、第1ヒートポンプサイクル冷媒管、床暖房用水管の2本を1組として螺旋状に成形し、給湯用水冷媒熱交換器と同様に補助貯湯タンク周囲に設置する構造としている。
【0015】
尚、給湯用および暖房用水冷媒熱交換器として、水管周囲から冷媒用細管を複数本押込み成形した熱交換器等、種々の熱交換器を螺旋状あるいは直管に成形して使用することも可能である。
【0016】
このような構成からなるヒートポンプ給湯暖房機において給湯および風呂湯張り、風呂追焚き、タンク沸上げ運転は1系統および2系統のヒートポンプサイクルを同時駆動することによりタンクからの補助出湯を少なくして大部分の出湯をヒートポンプサイクルの吸熱から直接行うことができ、高効率な給湯運転となる。
【0017】
一方、本発明の構成による床暖房を行う場合は図4に示す如く1系統のみのヒートポンプサイクルを運転し、冷媒流路切換え弁を床暖房側へ冷媒流路を切り換え、床暖房パネルへ温水を循環させるための循環ポンプを運転する。一般的に床暖房の立上り負荷は3kW、安定時負荷は1から2kW程度と少ないため、1系統のみの運転でも充分対応可能である。また、床暖房用の温水は、ヒートポンプサイクルの高温側冷媒と熱交換して作るため熱交換効率が高く、エネルギー効率に優れた床暖房運転を行うことができる。床暖房の温度調節はパネル温度を検知したリモコン23から設定温度との温度差によりヒートポンプサイクルの圧縮機回転数を制御器22に与えて調整し水冷媒熱交換器からの吸熱量を増減しパネル温度を制御する。ただし、床暖房運転中に給湯の要求があった場合は先ず、床暖房回路に未接続の第2系統のヒートポンプサイクルを起動し給湯運転を行う。更に第2系統のヒートポンプサイクルの給湯能力を超える出湯負荷が発生した場合は第1系統のヒートポンプサイクルの冷媒流路を切換え弁により給湯回路側に切り換え、床暖房運転を一時停止する。
【0018】
また、床暖房を運転してしばらく経過している場合は、床暖房パネル内の温水が十分温まっているため、次のような運転制御が効果的である。すなわち、第1系統のヒートポンプサイクルが床暖房運転を行っているときに給湯の要求があった場合、第2系統のヒートポンプサイクルの運転を開始すると共に、既に運転状態にあった第1系統のヒートポンプサイクルの3方切換え弁21を切り換え高温高圧の冷媒の全量を給湯用水冷媒熱交換器6に流す。
【0019】
そして第2系統のヒートポンプサイクルの冷媒が十分高温になり単独で湯を供給できるようになったら、出湯は第2系統のヒートポンプサイクルのみで出湯運転する。そして、第1系統のヒートポンプサイクルは3方切換え弁21が流路を切換え、もとの床暖房運転に戻る。
【0020】
また、本実施例では冷媒流路切換えを3方切換え弁21を使用しているため、床暖房運転中は第1系統のヒートポンプサイクルによる給湯側運転は停止されるが、図5に示す如く3方向の内2方向に同時に流出できる弁を使用すると第2系統のヒートポンプサイクルと第1系統のヒートポンプサイクル能力のうち、暖房負荷を除く能力は給湯側に追加できるため床暖房と高負荷の給湯の同時運転が可能になる。
【0021】
また、給湯用水冷媒熱交換器および暖房用水冷媒熱交換器の各々の出口側に開度可変の電動式膨張弁を設置しても同様の制御が可能である。
【0022】
尚、本実施例では暖房機として床暖房パネルを接続しているが、浴室乾燥、浴室暖房、および室内暖房機などの接続も可能であり、また、複数の暖房機機器を接続することも可能である。
【0023】
また、ヒートポンプサイクルに使用する冷媒に自然系冷媒を用いた場合、特に二酸化炭素を使用し従来の貯湯式タンクに高温水(90℃)を貯湯すると周囲温度との温度差が大きくなりタンクからの放熱量が増加する。本発明では給湯あるいは暖房運転の要求が発生したときにヒートポンプサイクルを運転し冷媒回路と温水回路で高効率熱交換を行い、保温による熱漏洩もないため給湯暖房システムの省電力化が顕著に現れる。
【0024】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば回転数制御可能な圧縮機を2台用いて、各々独立したヒートポンプサイクル系統を構成し、第1系統のヒートポンプサイクルの冷媒回路に暖房用水冷媒熱交換器を設置し、当該熱交換器からの吸熱により昇温した温水を循環ポンプにより暖房機器内に循環することにより効率的な暖房運転を行うことができる。また、ヒートポンプサイクルを2系統に各々独立して構成することにより暖房運転中においても第2系統のヒートポンプサイクルは給湯運転が可能であり第2系統ヒートポンプサイクル能力で賄える給湯負荷と暖房運転を同時に行うことができる。
【0025】
また、第2系統ヒートポンプサイクルの給湯能力以上の給湯負荷と暖房要求が同時に発生する場合は第1系統のヒートポンプサイクルの3方向切換え弁の構造を2方向同時流出可能な切換え弁を使用する構成により高負荷の給湯および暖房の同時運転が可能となる。
【0026】
以上のように、本発明によればヒートポンプ給湯暖房機において給湯と暖房運転を少ない部品構成で効率的に達成できる給湯暖房機を提供することができる。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば効率的な暖房運転を行うことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施例における給湯暖房機の構成図。
【図2】本発明に係わる給湯、風呂追焚きに使用可能な水冷媒熱交換器の構造図。
【図3】本発明に係わる暖房に使用可能な水冷媒熱交換器の構造図。
【図4】本発明に係わる床暖房の運転制御を行うための構成図。
【図5】本発明に係わる給湯、暖房同時運転の冷媒回路に3方弁を用いた構成図。
【符号の説明】
1…回転数制御圧縮機、4…蒸発器、6…給湯用水冷媒熱交換器、8…暖房用水冷媒熱交換器、9…床暖房パネル、11…給水口、12…出湯口、13…補助貯湯タンク、15…浴槽、19…バイパス比例弁、20…水比例弁、21…冷媒流路切換え弁、22…サイクル制御装置、23…床暖房用リモコン、24…2方向流出3方切換え弁。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hot water supply / room heater that performs hot water supply and heating using a heat pump cycle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional heat pump hot water storage type hot water supply and heating machine, a water circulation type heat exchanger provided at the top of the tank where hot water was stored by the heat pump cycle was installed, and the hot water stored in the tank and the hot water released heat and returned. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-349964 discloses a system in which heated low-temperature water absorbs heat from a high-temperature hot-water storage side by circulating in a heat exchanger, reheats the temperature, and circulates hot water to a heater through a circulation pump to perform heating. (Hereinafter, Patent Document 1).
[0003]
In the conventional hot water storage operation in the tank, heat exchange is performed by the high pressure and high temperature refrigerant circuit of the heat pump cycle and the circulating water sucked from the bottom of the tank by the circulation pump, and the water temperature in the water circuit is raised and then returned to the top of the tank. We are storing hot water.
[0004]
Therefore, high-temperature water is temporarily stored in a tank from a heat pump cycle via a water-refrigerant heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between a water circuit and a refrigerant circuit, and heat exchange between the high-temperature water and a water circuit circulating in the heater is separately performed. To perform heating operation by absorbing heat using the installed water heat exchanger, water refrigerant heat exchange for storing high-temperature water in the hot water storage tank from the heat pump cycle and high-temperature water in the tank for circulating high-temperature water to the heater A total of two heat exchanges of water and heat exchange with the heating water circuit must be performed. For this reason, the heat exchange efficiency may decrease, and the energy efficiency of the system may decrease.
[0005]
As another hot water supply / heating system, for example, a heating medium such as an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol is circulated to heat water in a hot water storage tank or perform floor heating operation as disclosed in JP-A-2002-286231 (hereinafter, Patent Document 2). ).
[0006]
In the system of
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2002-349964 (abstract)
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-2002-286231 (abstract)
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention uses the water-refrigerant heat exchanger in which the refrigerant circuit and the tank water circuit are contacted or joined in order to absorb the heat from the heat pump cycle in the heat pump operation in which high-temperature water is stored in the tank during the heating operation. It is necessary to install a water heat exchanger in the tank in order to obtain a rise in the temperature of the circulating water used for the heater from the hot water stored at a high temperature. Therefore, in order to circulate hot water for heating, the heat source that absorbed heat in the heat pump cycle is temporarily absorbed and stored in the tank water circuit by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger, and the high-temperature water in this tank is circulated for the heater through the water heat exchanger. The water must absorb heat to make warm water for heating. When heat exchange is performed, heat exchange efficiency occurs, and heat exchange from the high-temperature refrigerant circuit to the tank hot water and heat exchange from the high-temperature water stored in the tank to the circulating water for heating as in this system are performed twice. As a result, heat loss increases and the efficiency of the heating system decreases. In addition, when heating is started, hot water for heating is created by absorbing heat from the high-temperature water in the hot water storage tank, and after startup, the heat pump cycle heat source unit is used for tank storage in systems that absorb heat from the refrigerant circuit of the heat pump cycle. Instead, it becomes a heat source device exclusively for heating, and the hot water for storage and startup heating is operated by a tank unit using an electric heater. Heating operation in a stable state requires a dedicated heat pump cycle heat source unit, and it is expected that the system will be larger and the operating rate will decrease when the heat pump cycle heat source unit does not need heating operation in summer, for example.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a hot water supply and heating system that performs direct hot water supply and heating by a heat pump cycle heat source device is used, and in order to improve heat exchange efficiency even during heating, water that directly exchanges heat between a refrigerant pipe and heating hot water exclusively for heating is used. The refrigerant heat exchanger is installed in parallel with the water refrigerant heat exchanger for hot water supply. In addition, the refrigerant circuit of the high-temperature refrigerant at the compressor outlet is changed by a switching valve installed in front of the water refrigerant heat exchanger for hot water supply and heating, and each of the heat exchanger for hot water supply and the heat exchanger for heating in front of the pressure reducing device. The outlet pipes merge. In addition, a check valve in the flow direction toward the decompression device side is installed before the junction with the outlet of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger for heating and the outlet of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger for hot-water supply, and the refrigerant is inserted into the cycle pipe during which heating is stopped. To prevent condensation.
[0009]
By configuring such a heating circuit, the heat source for heating can efficiently and directly absorb heat from the high-temperature refrigerant circuit of the heat pump cycle, and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger can be downsized, thereby performing high-efficiency heating operation. . In addition, the heat pump cycle heat source device of the present invention has a high output, and does not use a large-capacity tank unit for storing hot water, and directly supplies hot water by a heat pump cycle refrigerant circuit and a hot water supply water refrigerant heat exchanger in a hot water supply circuit when hot water is supplied. Heating is also performed by the refrigerant circuit and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger in the heating water circuit, so that the heat exchanger, switching valve, check valve, etc. can be stored in the heat pump cycle heat source unit, consolidating the hot water supply / heating system and compact structure. And it can contribute to reduction of manufacturing cost.
[0010]
High-efficiency heat exchange of the heating heat source by configuring the hot water supply circuit and the heating circuit of the above heat pump hot water supply / heating unit with a refrigeration cycle, a water refrigerant heat exchanger for hot water supply, a water refrigerant heat exchanger for heating, a heating device, a switching valve, and the like. Thus, a low-cost configuration of the heating circuit can be obtained.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 shows a hot water supply and floor heating circuit using the heat pump cycle heat source device of the present embodiment, 1 is a compressor whose rotation speed can be controlled, 2 is an evaporator that absorbs heat by exchanging heat with outside air, and 3 is A blower that blows air to the
[0012]
Here, the hot water storage tank has a small capacity, and when the heat pump cycle at the start of hot water supply is in a transient state of rising, hot water in the tank is supplementarily supplied to the hot water supply circuit via the mixing
[0013]
FIG. 2 shows an example of a water-refrigerant heat exchanger for hot water supply and additional heating shown in the present embodiment, 25 is a refrigerant pipe of a first heat pump cycle, 26 is hot water supply, a water pipe for tank boiling, and 27 is a second water pipe. The
[0014]
FIG. 3 shows a water-refrigerant heat exchanger for floor heating, 29 is a refrigerant pipe for the first heat pump cycle, 30 is a hot water pipe for floor heating, and two of a first heat pump cycle refrigerant pipe and a floor heating water pipe. The books are spirally formed as a set, and are arranged around the auxiliary hot water storage tank in the same manner as the hot water supply water / refrigerant heat exchanger.
[0015]
Various types of heat exchangers, such as a heat exchanger in which a plurality of thin tubes for refrigerant are pushed in from around the water pipe, can be used as a water-refrigerant heat exchanger for hot water supply and heating. It is.
[0016]
In the heat pump hot water supply / heating unit having such a configuration, the hot water supply and bath water filling, bath reheating, and tank boiling operation are performed by simultaneously driving one and two heat pump cycles to reduce the amount of auxiliary hot water from the tank. Hot water can be supplied directly from the heat absorption of the heat pump cycle, resulting in a highly efficient hot water supply operation.
[0017]
On the other hand, when performing floor heating according to the configuration of the present invention, only one heat pump cycle is operated as shown in FIG. 4, the refrigerant flow switching valve is switched to the floor heating side, and the hot water is supplied to the floor heating panel. Operate a circulation pump for circulation. In general, the rising load of floor heating is as small as 3 kW, and the load during stable operation is as small as about 1 to 2 kW. Further, the hot water for floor heating is produced by exchanging heat with the high-temperature side refrigerant of the heat pump cycle, so that the floor heating operation with high heat exchange efficiency and excellent energy efficiency can be performed. The temperature of the floor heating is controlled by giving the
[0018]
When a certain time has elapsed since the floor heating was operated, the hot water in the floor heating panel is sufficiently warm, and the following operation control is effective. That is, when a request for hot water supply is made while the first system heat pump cycle is performing the floor heating operation, the second system heat pump cycle is started and the first system heat pump that is already in operation is started. The three-
[0019]
Then, when the temperature of the refrigerant in the second heat pump cycle becomes sufficiently high and hot water can be supplied alone, the tapping operation is performed only by the second heat pump cycle. Then, in the first heat pump cycle, the three-
[0020]
Further, in this embodiment, the three-
[0021]
Further, the same control can be performed by installing a variable opening electric expansion valve on the outlet side of each of the hot water supply water refrigerant heat exchanger and the heating water refrigerant heat exchanger.
[0022]
In this embodiment, a floor heating panel is connected as a heater, but it is also possible to connect a bathroom dryer, a bathroom heater, an indoor heater, and the like, and it is also possible to connect a plurality of heater devices. It is.
[0023]
Also, when a natural refrigerant is used as the refrigerant used in the heat pump cycle, particularly when carbon dioxide is used and hot water (90 ° C.) is stored in a conventional hot water storage tank, the temperature difference from the ambient temperature increases, and the temperature from the tank increases. The heat radiation increases. In the present invention, when a request for hot water supply or heating operation is generated, the heat pump cycle is operated to perform high-efficiency heat exchange between the refrigerant circuit and the hot water circuit, and there is no heat leakage due to heat retention, so that the power saving of the hot water supply / heating system appears remarkably. .
[0024]
As described above, according to the present invention, an independent heat pump cycle system is formed by using two compressors capable of controlling the number of rotations, and a water-refrigerant heat exchanger for heating is provided in the refrigerant circuit of the first heat pump cycle. Is installed, and the efficient heating operation can be performed by circulating the warm water heated by the heat absorption from the heat exchanger into the heating device by the circulation pump. Further, by independently configuring the heat pump cycle into two systems, the second system heat pump cycle can perform hot water supply operation even during the heating operation, and simultaneously performs the hot water supply load and the heating operation that can be covered by the second system heat pump cycle capability. be able to.
[0025]
Also, when a hot water supply load and a heating request that are higher than the hot water supply capacity of the second heat pump cycle occur simultaneously, the structure of the three-way switching valve of the first heat pump cycle is changed to a structure using a switching valve that can simultaneously flow in two directions. High-load hot water supply and heating can be operated simultaneously.
[0026]
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a hot water supply / room heater capable of efficiently achieving hot water supply and heating operation with a small number of components in a heat pump hot water supply / room heater.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, an efficient heating operation can be performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a hot water supply / room heater in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a water-refrigerant heat exchanger that can be used for hot water supply and bath reheating according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a structural view of a water-refrigerant heat exchanger usable for heating according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram for controlling the operation of floor heating according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram using a three-way valve in a refrigerant circuit for simultaneous operation of hot water supply and heating according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003069077A JP3811682B2 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2003-03-14 | Heat pump hot water heater |
CNB2004100019080A CN100472138C (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2004-01-15 | Hot-pumping hot-water supplying heater |
KR10-2004-0005223A KR100524578B1 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2004-01-28 | Heat pump type hot water supply heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2003069077A JP3811682B2 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2003-03-14 | Heat pump hot water heater |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2005348615A Division JP4058447B2 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | Heat pump hot water heater |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2004278876A true JP2004278876A (en) | 2004-10-07 |
JP2004278876A5 JP2004278876A5 (en) | 2006-02-16 |
JP3811682B2 JP3811682B2 (en) | 2006-08-23 |
Family
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JP2003069077A Expired - Fee Related JP3811682B2 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2003-03-14 | Heat pump hot water heater |
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JP (1) | JP3811682B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100524578B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100472138C (en) |
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- 2004-01-28 KR KR10-2004-0005223A patent/KR100524578B1/en active IP Right Grant
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JP2007322077A (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2007-12-13 | Hitachi Appliances Inc | Heat pump hot-water supply floor-heating device |
DE102007037116A1 (en) | 2007-05-01 | 2008-11-13 | Hitachi Appliances, Inc. | Hot water supply and floor heating device of the heat pump type |
CN101298924B (en) * | 2007-05-01 | 2010-06-16 | 日立空调·家用电器株式会社 | Hot pump type hot water supplying floor heating apparatus |
JP2013217522A (en) * | 2012-04-05 | 2013-10-24 | Corona Corp | Heat pump type hot water heating device |
CN108758782A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-06 | 江苏天合能源管理有限公司 | A kind of trigeneration heat pump system of recyclable waste heat |
WO2022108504A1 (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-05-27 | Orbital Systems Ab | A water recirculation system intended for recycling of water or discarding of water not suitable to recycle |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP3811682B2 (en) | 2006-08-23 |
KR20040080947A (en) | 2004-09-20 |
CN100472138C (en) | 2009-03-25 |
KR100524578B1 (en) | 2005-10-31 |
CN1530590A (en) | 2004-09-22 |
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