JP2004270816A - Vibration control device and vibration control structure - Google Patents

Vibration control device and vibration control structure Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004270816A
JP2004270816A JP2003062960A JP2003062960A JP2004270816A JP 2004270816 A JP2004270816 A JP 2004270816A JP 2003062960 A JP2003062960 A JP 2003062960A JP 2003062960 A JP2003062960 A JP 2003062960A JP 2004270816 A JP2004270816 A JP 2004270816A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
brace
braces
damper mechanism
vibration damping
segments
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JP2003062960A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4242673B2 (en
Inventor
Masaki Seki
雅樹 関
Koji Yoshida
幸司 吉田
Motoyuki Okano
素之 岡野
Kenji Tomoishi
研二 友石
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Obayashi Corp
Central Japan Railway Co
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Obayashi Corp
Central Japan Railway Co
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  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a damper brace which does not require tension fixing of both ends of a brace. <P>SOLUTION: A vibration control device 11 of this invention is structured with a damper mechanism 13 and a brace mechanism 14 provided with four braces 15a, 15b, 15c and 15d wherein the damper mechanism 13 is joined in a ring shape so that four segments for brace attachment and four hysteresis damping segments are alternatively provided. In the brace mechanism 14, the four braces 15a, 15b, 15c and 15d are provided along a brace arranging axle line for extending in an approximate X-shape from a virtual center set at a central opening of the damper mechanism in a same plane with the damper mechanism 13 and base ends of the braces are respectively joined to the segments for brace attachment of the damper mechanism 13. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、建築土木分野で使用される制振装置及びそれを用いた制振構造に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
鉄道、自動車等の輸送車両が走行する橋梁としては、河川、海峡等を横断する狭義の橋梁のほかに市街地において連続的に建設される、いわゆる高架橋がある。かかる高架橋は、効率的な土地利用の観点から、道路上、鉄道上あるいは河川上の空間に連続して建設されるものであり、高架橋下の道路あるいは鉄道が立体交差することとなるため、交通渋滞の解消にも貢献する。
【0003】
ところで、このような高架橋の下部構造は、通常、鉄筋コンクリートのラーメン構造として構築されることが多いが、その設計施工の際には、地震時における高架橋の耐震性が十分検討されなければならない。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開2001−020228号公報
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
かかる状況下、本出願人は図6に示すように、柱1,1及び梁2からなる鉄筋コンクリートのラーメン架構3内にダンパー4及びブレース5,5からなるダンパーブレース6を配設した高架橋の下部構造7を提案しており、かかる構成によれば、耐震性の向上を大幅に向上させることが可能となる。
【0006】
しかしながら、上述した高架橋の下部構造7では、図示しない上部構造から作用する地震時水平力をブレース5,5の引張力及び圧縮力で抵抗する構造であるため、ブレース5,5自体を引張強度に優れた鋼材で構成しなければならないという問題や、それらの下端をフーチング8,8あるいは柱1,1の柱脚に、上端をダンパー4にそれぞれ十分な引張強度をもたせて接合しなければならないという問題を生じていた。
【0007】
加えて、引張強度をとるためのアンカーが必要となるため、既設の構造物には経済性の観点で適用が困難であるのが実情であった。
【0008】
本発明は、上述した事情を考慮してなされたもので、ブレースの両端を引張定着させる必要がない制振装置及びそれを用いた制振構造を提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明に係る制振装置は請求項1に記載したように、4つのブレース取付け用セグメントと4つのせん断変形可能な履歴減衰セグメントとを該ブレース取付け用セグメント及び該履歴減衰セグメントが交互に配置されるように環状に接合してなるダンパー機構と、該ダンパー機構と同一面内において該ダンパー機構の中央開口に設定された仮想中心からほぼX字状に延びるブレース配置軸線に沿って4本のブレースを配置するとともに該ブレースの基端を前記ブレース取付け用セグメントにそれぞれ接合してなるブレース機構とを備えたしたものである。
【0010】
また、本発明に係る制振装置は、前記4本のブレースのうち、隣り合うブレースを面外座屈防止部材を介して互いにピン接合したものである。
【0011】
また、本発明に係る制振構造は請求項3に記載したように、請求項1又は請求項2の制振装置を、矩形状をなすラーメン架構の構面に配置するとともに、前記4本のブレースの先端を前記ラーメン架構を構成する柱、梁、基礎又はそれらが取り合う隅部にそれぞれ接合したものである。
【0012】
本発明に係る制振装置においては、ダンパー機構は、4つのブレース取付け用セグメントと4つのせん断変形可能な履歴減衰セグメントとを該ブレース取付け用セグメント及び該履歴減衰セグメントが交互に配置されるように環状に接合してあり、ブレース機構は、ダンパー機構と同一面内において該ダンパー機構の中央開口に設定された仮想中心からほぼX字状に延びるブレース配置軸線に沿って4本のブレースを配置するとともに該ブレースの基端を前記ブレース取付け用セグメントにそれぞれ接合してなる。
【0013】
かかる制振装置は、建築構造物や土木構造物の一部をなす矩形状のラーメン架構の構面に配置され、ブレース機構を構成する4本のブレースを、それらの先端がラーメン架構を構成する柱、梁、基礎又はそれらが取り合う隅部にそれぞれ接合することで制振構造となる。
【0014】
すなわち、本発明に係る制振装置及びそれを用いた制振構造においては、4本のブレースは概ねX字状に配設され、それらの中心付近にダンパー機構が配置されることになるとともに、ダンパー機構を構成する4つのブレース取付け用セグメントは、互いに対向するように2つずつ配置され、それらの間に4つのせん断変形可能な履歴減衰型セグメントが介在することになる。また、4本のブレースは、それらの先端をラーメン架構を構成する柱、梁(地中梁を含む)、基礎又はそれらが取り合う隅部にそれぞれ接合してある。
【0015】
このようにすると、地震時水平力がラーメン架構に作用して該ラーメン架構が変形する際、ラーメン架構の対角線のうち、その長さが短くなる側のブレースにはラーメン架構から圧縮力が伝達され、該圧縮力は、ブレース取付け用セグメントを介してダンパー機構の両側方に作用する。
【0016】
そのため、ダンパー機構は、圧縮力が作用する側でブレース取付け用セグメントの離間距離が短くなり、他方の側、すなわち、対角線の長さが長くなる側のブレースが取り付けられたブレース取付け用セグメントの離間距離が長くなるような、たとえて言えば円形が楕円形に、正方形が菱形になるがごとき変形、さらに別の言い方をすれば、所定の部材に圧縮力が加わるとその圧縮方向に直交する方向に部材がはらみ出す変形(ポアゾン比を参照)と類似した変形が生じる。
【0017】
そして、かかるダンパー機構の変形に伴い、該ダンパー機構を構成する履歴減衰セグメントは、強制的なせん断変形を受ける。
【0018】
一方、地震荷重の反転によってラーメン架構の変形が逆方向になると、今度は、他方のブレースを介してラーメン架構からダンパー機構に圧縮力が伝達され、該ダンパー機構には、上述した変形とは鉛直方向に対称な変形が生じ、該ダンパー機構を構成する履歴減衰セグメントは、上述したせん断変形とは正負が逆の強制的なせん断変形を受ける。
【0019】
このように、地震時水平力が交番荷重としてラーメン架構に作用し、それによってラーメン架構が水平方向に振動するとき、本発明に係るダンパー機構には、上述したように、2本の対角線に沿った異なる二方向から圧縮力が交互に作用し、それによってダンパー機構の履歴減衰セグメントが強制的なせん断変形を受け、該強制せん断変形による履歴減衰によって、ラーメン架構の振動エネルギーは速やかに吸収される。
【0020】
かくして、ブレースの先端をラーメン架構に引張定着せずとも、従来のダンパーブレース機構(図6)と同様に、ラーメン架構の振動エネルギーを本発明のダンパー機構で吸収させることが可能となり、既設のラーメン架構を耐震補強するのに最適な制振装置あるいは制振構造が実現する。
【0021】
ここで、前記4本のブレースのうち、隣り合うブレースを面外座屈防止部材を介して互いにピン接合したならば、ダンパー機構、特に履歴減衰セグメントに局部面外座屈が生じる状況が発生したとしても、面外座屈防止部材の作用によってダンパー機構及び前記ブレース機構が面外方向に全体座屈するのを防止することができるとともに、その結果として、履歴減衰セグメントも局部面外座屈を起こすことなく、上述したせん断変形による履歴減衰によって振動エネルギーの吸収を行うことが可能となる。
【0022】
本発明に係る制振装置は、地震による振動を抑制する必要がある任意のラーメン架構に適用することが可能であるとともに、本発明に係る制振構造についても、上述したラーメン架構が設けられた任意の構造物あるいは構造に適用することが可能である。また、いずれの発明についても、建築土木分野の両方に適用可能であることは言うまでもない。
【0023】
例えば、オフィスビル、マンション等の建築構造物については、柱梁で構成された各階のラーメン架構に本発明に係る制振装置を取り付けて制振構造とすることができる。この場合、平面的にはEV廻りなど、建物のコア近傍に設置することが考えられる。
【0024】
一方、土木分野においては、例えば高架橋の下部構造を構成するラーメン架構に本発明の制振装置を取り付けて制振構造とすることが可能である。
【0025】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明に係る制振装置及びそれを用いた制振構造の実施の形態について、添付図面を参照して説明する。なお、従来技術と実質的に同一の部品等については同一の符号を付してその説明を省略する。
【0026】
図1は、柱1,1及び梁2からなる鉄筋コンクリートのラーメン架構3内に本実施形態に係る制振装置11を配設した制振構造としての高架橋の下部構造12を示した正面図である。
【0027】
本実施形態に係る制振装置11は、ダンパー機構13と、4本のブレース15a,15b,15c,15dを備えたブレース機構14とから概ね構成してある。
【0028】
ダンパー機構13は図2(a)に詳細に示すように、4つのブレース取付け用セグメント21a,21b,21c,21dと、4つのせん断変形可能な履歴減衰セグメント22a,22b,22c,22dとから構成してある。
【0029】
ここで、4つのブレース取付け用セグメント21a,21b,21c,21dは、直角三角形状のウェブ部材の周縁を取り囲むようにして該周縁にフランジ部材を設けてそれぞれ構成してあり、直角三角形状の各ウェブ部材は、想定される地震動に対し、弾性範囲で収まるようにその板厚を調整してある。
【0030】
また、4つの履歴減衰セグメント22a,22b,22c,22dは、長方形状のウェブ部材の両縁にフランジ部材を設けたいわゆるI型鋼で構成してあり、長方形状のウェブ部材は、所定のせん断変形量を越えると塑性変形を生じるバイリニア型履歴減衰部材で構成してある。
【0031】
そして、ダンパー機構13は、4つのブレース取付け用セグメント21a,21b,21c,21d及び4つの履歴減衰セグメント22a,22b,22c,22dが交互に配置されるように環状に接合してなる。すなわち、図2(a)で説明すれば、ブレース取付け用セグメント21aのフランジ部材のうち、直角を挟む辺側のフランジ部材を履歴減衰セグメント22aのフランジ部材に当接させてボルトあるいは溶接等で接合し、その反対側のフランジ部材をブレース取付け用セグメント21bの直角を挟む辺側のフランジ部材に当接させてボルトあるいは溶接等で接合し、直角を挟む反対側のフランジ部材を履歴減衰セグメント22bのフランジ部材に当接させてボルトあるいは溶接等で接合し、以下、同様に接合しながら、履歴減衰セグメント22dのフランジ部材をブレース取付け用セグメント21aの他方のフランジ部材に接合することで、矩形状の中央開口23が形成された環状のダンパー機構13が構成される。
【0032】
ブレース機構14は、ダンパー機構13と同一面内において該ダンパー機構の中央開口23に設定された仮想中心、本実施形態では矩形状中央開口23の中心24からほぼX字状に延びるブレース配置軸線25a,25b,25c,25dに沿って4本のブレース15a,15b,15c,15dを配置するとともに該ブレースの基端を、上述したダンパー機構13のブレース取付け用セグメント21a,21b,21c,21dにそれぞれ接合してある。
【0033】
一方、制振構造としての高架橋の下部構造12は上述したように、柱1,1及び梁2からなる鉄筋コンクリートの矩形状をなすラーメン架構3の構面に制振装置11を配置してあるが、さらに具体的には、ブレース15a,15dの先端を柱1と梁2とが取り合う隅部に接合し、ブレース15b,15cの先端を柱1と基礎であるフーチング8とが取り合う隅部にそれぞれぞ接合してある。
【0034】
ここで、ブレース15a,15b,15c,15dを上述した4つの隅部に接合するにあたっては、引張力が伝達するようにする必要はない。例えば、かかる隅部にボックス状の嵌合部を取り付け、該嵌合部にブレース15a,15b,15c,15dの先端を嵌め込むようにしておけば足りる。
【0035】
本実施形態に係る制振装置11及びそれを用いた制振構造としての高架橋の下部構造12においては、4本のブレース15a,15b,15c,15dは概ねX字状に配設され、それらの中心付近にダンパー機構13が配置されることになるとともに、ダンパー機構13を構成するブレース取付け用セグメント21a,21cは、ブレース配置軸線25a,25cに沿って、ブレース取付け用セグメント21b,21dは、ブレース配置軸線25b,25dに沿ってそれぞれ対向配置され、それらの間に4つの履歴減衰セグメント22a,22b,22c,22dが介在することになる。
【0036】
このようにすると、地震時水平力がラーメン架構3に作用して該ラーメン架構が図3のように変形する際、ラーメン架構3の対角線のうち、その長さが短くなる側のブレース15a,15cにはラーメン架構3から圧縮力が伝達され、該圧縮力は、図2(b)に示すように、ブレース取付け用セグメント21a,21cを介してダンパー機構13の両側方に作用する。
【0037】
そのため、ダンパー機構13は、圧縮力が作用する側でブレース取付け用セグメント21a,21cの離間距離dがΔdだけ短くなり、他方の側、すなわち、対角線の長さが長くなる側のブレース15b,15dが取り付けられたブレース取付け用セグメント21b,21dの離間距離dがΔdだけ長くなる。
【0038】
そして、かかるダンパー機構13の変形に伴い、履歴減衰セグメント22a,22b,22c,22dは図2(b)でよくわかるように、強制的なせん断変形を受ける。
【0039】
なお、ブレース取付け用セグメント21b,21dの離間距離dがΔdだけ長くなる分だけ、ブレース15b,15dがそれぞれブレース配置軸線25b,25dに沿って押し出されることとなるが、ラーメン架構3も該軸線に沿った対角線に沿って長くなっているため、ブレース15b,15dの先端がラーメン架構3の接合箇所で反力を受けてダンパー機構13の変形が阻害される懸念はない。
【0040】
すなわち、ブレース15b,15dの先端をラーメン架構3に当接させた状態で接合してあった場合、ブレース15a,15cが仮に剛体だとすれば、ダンパー機構13の変形によって、ブレース15b,15dの先端がラーメン架構3に当接されたままとなり、場合によってはラーメン架構3から反力を受けて、ダンパー機構13の変形を阻害する懸念が生じるが、ブレース15a,15cは弾性体であって圧縮力で短くなるため、実際には、ブレース15b,15dの先端とラーメン架構3とは離間し、該接合箇所で反力は生じない。
【0041】
一方、地震荷重の反転によってラーメン架構3の変形が逆方向になると、今度は、他方のブレース15b,15dを介してラーメン架構3からダンパー機構13に圧縮力が伝達され、該ダンパー機構には、上述した変形とは鉛直方向に対称な変形が生じ、該ダンパー機構を構成する履歴減衰セグメント22a,22b,22c,22dは、上述したせん断変形とは正負が逆の強制的なせん断変形を受ける。
【0042】
このように、地震時水平力が交番荷重としてラーメン架構3に作用し、それによってラーメン架構3が水平方向に振動するとき、本実施形態に係るダンパー機構13には、2本の対角線に沿った異なる二方向から圧縮力が交互に作用し、それによってダンパー機構13の履歴減衰セグメント22a,22b,22c,22dが強制的なせん断変形を受け、該強制せん断変形による履歴減衰によって、ラーメン架構3の振動エネルギーは速やかに吸収される。
【0043】
図4(a)は、ラーメン架構3の水平振動に伴う制振装置11の履歴特性を、ブレース15a,15cによるもの(上段)とブレース15b,15dによるもの(下段)とに分けて描いた図である。
【0044】
同図でわかるように、静的な状態(図4(a)中、点A)からラーメン架構3が図3のように地震荷重を受け始めると、ダンパー機構13はブレース15a,15cによる圧縮力によって図2(b)に示しように変形し、制振装置11は、ダンパー機構13の初期剛性とブレース機構14の剛性を合わせた全体初期剛性に応じた弾性変形が進行する。次いで、ダンパー機構13の履歴減衰セグメント22a,22b,22c,22dが降伏することで、全体の履歴としては降伏点Bを越えて塑性変形が進行する。
【0045】
次に、地震荷重によるラーメン架構3の変形が反転して図3で言えば左方向に変形し始めると、制振装置11は、点Cから全体初期剛性に応じた弾性変形によって点Dに移る。
【0046】
次に、ラーメン架構3が元の位置とは逆方向(図3で言えば左方向)に変形し始めると、ダンパー機構13は、ブレース15b,15dから圧縮力を受けることにより、ダンパー機構13は該ブレースによる圧縮力によって図2(b)に示した変形とは鉛直軸線に対して対称な変形を生じ、制振装置11は、ダンパー機構13の初期剛性とブレース機構14の剛性を合わせた全体初期剛性に応じた弾性変形が進行する。次いで、ダンパー機構13の履歴減衰セグメント22a,22b,22c,22dが降伏することで、全体の履歴としては降伏点Eを越えて塑性変形がFに向けて進行する。
【0047】
以下、ラーメン架構3の水平変形が右方向か左方向かで、ダンパー機構13を圧縮するブレースが交互に切り替わり、上述したように、制振装置11の変形がG→H→I→J→Kと進行し、結局、制振装置11全体の履歴特性としては、図4(b)のようになる。なお、塑性変形がどこまで進み、どの時点で除荷されるかは、地震荷重の特性によって異なることは言うまでもない。
【0048】
以上説明したように、本実施形態に係る制振装置11及びそれを用いた制振構造としての高架橋の下部構造12によれば、ブレース15a,15b,15c,15dの先端をラーメン架構3に引張定着せずとも、図6に示したダンパーブレース機構と同様に、ラーメン架構3の振動エネルギーをダンパー機構13で吸収させることが可能となり、既設のラーメン架構を耐震補強するのに最適な制振装置あるいは制振構造が実現する。
【0049】
本実施形態では特に言及しなかったが、本発明の制振装置及びそれを用いた制振構造は、ブレースの先端をラーメン構造に引張定着することを除外するものではなく、例えば新設の工事において、各ブレースの先端を引張定着させてもかまわない。
【0050】
かかる構成においては、ラーメン架構の振動によって対角線が長くなる方向に配置されたブレースに引張力が入ることになるが、かかる引張力は、本発明に係るダンパー機構の作用を何ら減じるものではない。
【0051】
また、本実施形態では特に言及しなかったが、4本のブレース15a,15b,15c,15dのうち、隣り合うブレースを面外座屈防止部材を介して互いにピン接合するようにしてもよい。
【0052】
図5は、かかる変形例を示したものであり、ブレース15a,15bを面外座屈防止部材32aを介して互いにピン接合してある。以下、同様に、ブレース15b,15cを面外座屈防止部材32bを介して、ブレース15c,15dを面外座屈防止部材32cを介して、ブレース15d,15aを面外座屈防止部材32dを介してそれぞれ互いにピン接合してある。
【0053】
面外座屈防止部材32a,32b,32c,32dは、例えば山型鋼や、C型鋼で構成することができる。
【0054】
かかる構成によれば、ダンパー機構13、特に履歴減衰セグメント22a,22b,22c,22dに局部面外座屈が生じる状況が発生したとしても、面外座屈防止部材32a,32b,32c,32dの作用によってダンパー機構13及びブレース機構14が面外方向に全体座屈するのを防止することができるとともに、その結果として、履歴減衰セグメント22a,22b,22c,22dも局部面外座屈を起こすことなく、上述したせん断変形による履歴減衰によって、ラーメン架構の振動エネルギーの吸収を行うことが可能となる。
【0055】
また、本実施形態では、制振構造である高架橋の下部構造をその構面が橋軸方向に直交する場合について説明したが、これに加えてあるいはこれに代えて、構面が橋軸方向に平行となるように本発明の制振装置を配置して制振構造としてもよい。
【0056】
さらに、本発明に係る制振構造としての高架橋の下部構造を、上部構造である床板ごとに適用してもよいし、床板を相互に剛結してなる一体化された上部構造に対して適用してもよい。なお、これらの場合においても、制振装置を橋軸方向に平行なラーメン架構の構面に配置するか、橋軸方向に直交するラーメン架構の構面に配置するかは任意であり、いずれか単独でもよいし、適宜組み合わせてもかまわない。
【0057】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明に係る制振装置及びそれを用いた制振構造によれば、ブレースの先端をラーメン架構に引張定着せずとも、従来のダンパーブレース機構と同様に、ラーメン架構の振動エネルギーをダンパー機構で吸収させることが可能となり、既設のラーメン架構を耐震補強するのに最適な制振装置あるいは制振構造が実現する。
【0058】
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本実施形態に係る制振装置及びそれを用いた制振構造の正面図。
【図2】本実施形態に係るダンパー機構を示した詳細図。
【図3】本実施形態に係る制振装置及びそれを用いた制振構造の作用を示した図。
【図4】本実施形態に係る制振装置の履歴特性を示した図。
【図5】変形例に係る制振装置を示した正面図。
【図6】従来技術に係るダンパーブレース機構を示した図。
【符号の説明】
1 柱
2 梁
3 ラーメン架構
11 制振装置
12 高架橋の下部構造(制振構造)
13 ダンパー機構
14 ブレース機構
15a,15b,15c,15d ブレース
21a,21b,21c,21d ブレース取付け用セグメント
22a,22b,22c,22d 履歴減衰セグメント
24 仮想中心
25a,25b,25c,25d ブレース配置軸線
32a,32b,32c,32d 面外座屈防止部材
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vibration damping device used in the field of architectural civil engineering and a vibration damping structure using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As bridges on which transportation vehicles such as railroads and automobiles travel, there are so-called viaducts that are continuously constructed in urban areas, in addition to narrow bridges that cross rivers and straits. From the viewpoint of efficient land use, such viaducts are constructed continuously on the road, on the railroad or in the space on the river. It also contributes to eliminating traffic jams.
[0003]
By the way, such a substructure of the viaduct is usually constructed as a reinforced concrete rigid frame structure, but when designing and constructing it, the earthquake resistance of the viaduct during an earthquake must be sufficiently studied.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2001-020228 [0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Under such circumstances, as shown in FIG. 6, the present applicant has constructed a lower part of a viaduct in which a damper 4 and a damper brace 6 composed of braces 5 and 5 are arranged in a reinforced concrete frame frame 3 composed of columns 1, 1 and beams 2. The structure 7 is proposed, and according to such a configuration, it is possible to greatly improve the earthquake resistance.
[0006]
However, the viaduct lower structure 7 described above is a structure in which the seismic horizontal force acting from the upper structure (not shown) is resisted by the tensile force and the compressive force of the braces 5, 5, so that the braces 5, 5 themselves have a tensile strength. The problem is that it must be made of excellent steel material, and that its lower end must be joined to the foot of the footing 8,8 or the column 1,1 and the upper end to the damper 4 with sufficient tensile strength. Had a problem.
[0007]
In addition, since an anchor for obtaining tensile strength is required, it has been difficult to apply the existing structure to the existing structure from the viewpoint of economy.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a vibration damping device that does not need to fix both ends of a brace by tension, and a vibration damping structure using the same.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a vibration damping device according to the present invention comprises four brace-attaching segments and four shear-deformable hysteresis damping segments, as described in claim 1, and the brace-attaching segment and the hysteresis. A damper mechanism formed by joining annularly so that damping segments are alternately arranged, and a brace arrangement axis extending substantially in an X-shape from a virtual center set at a central opening of the damper mechanism in the same plane as the damper mechanism And a brace mechanism in which the base ends of the brace are joined to the brace mounting segments, respectively.
[0010]
Further, in the vibration damping device according to the present invention, of the four braces, adjacent braces are pin-joined to each other via an out-of-plane buckling prevention member.
[0011]
Further, the vibration damping structure according to the present invention, as described in claim 3, disposes the vibration damping device according to claim 1 or 2 on the surface of a rectangular frame structure and forms the four vibration dampers. The ends of the braces are joined to the columns, beams, foundations, or corners where they meet, which constitute the ramen frame.
[0012]
In the vibration damping device according to the present invention, the damper mechanism includes the four brace mounting segments and the four shear-deformable hysteresis damping segments such that the brace mounting segments and the hysteresis damping segments are alternately arranged. The brace mechanism is annularly joined, and the brace mechanism arranges four braces along a brace arrangement axis extending substantially in an X shape from a virtual center set at a central opening of the damper mechanism in the same plane as the damper mechanism. In addition, a base end of the brace is joined to the brace mounting segment.
[0013]
Such a vibration damping device is arranged on the surface of a rectangular frame structure that forms a part of a building structure or a civil engineering structure, and has four braces constituting a brace mechanism, the ends of which form a frame structure. A vibration damping structure is obtained by joining the pillar, the beam, the foundation, or the corner where they meet, respectively.
[0014]
That is, in the vibration damping device according to the present invention and the vibration damping structure using the same, the four braces are arranged substantially in an X shape, and the damper mechanism is arranged near the center thereof. The four brace mounting segments constituting the damper mechanism are arranged two by two so as to face each other, and four shear-deformable hysteresis damping segments are interposed therebetween. In addition, the four braces have their ends joined to columns, beams (including underground beams), foundations, or corners where they meet, which constitute the ramen frame.
[0015]
In this way, when the horizontal force at the time of the earthquake acts on the ramen frame and the ramen frame is deformed, the compressive force is transmitted from the ramen frame to the brace of the diagonal line of the ramen frame whose length becomes shorter. The compressive force acts on both sides of the damper mechanism via the brace mounting segments.
[0016]
Therefore, in the damper mechanism, the separation distance of the brace mounting segment is reduced on the side on which the compressive force acts, and the separation of the brace mounting segment on which the brace on the other side, that is, the side having the longer diagonal line, is mounted. The distance becomes longer, for example, a circle becomes an ellipse, a square becomes a rhombus, but deforms. In other words, when a compressive force is applied to a predetermined member, a direction perpendicular to the compression direction is applied. A deformation similar to the deformation (see Poisson's ratio) in which the members protrude from the surface occurs.
[0017]
Then, with the deformation of the damper mechanism, the hysteresis damping segment constituting the damper mechanism undergoes forcible shear deformation.
[0018]
On the other hand, when the deformation of the ramen frame is reversed due to the reversal of the seismic load, the compressive force is transmitted from the ramen frame to the damper mechanism via the other brace, and the damper mechanism is perpendicular to the above-described deformation. A symmetrical deformation occurs in the direction, and the hysteresis damping segment constituting the damper mechanism is subjected to a forced shear deformation whose sign is opposite to the shear deformation described above.
[0019]
As described above, when the horizontal force at the time of the earthquake acts on the frame as an alternating load, and the frame oscillates in the horizontal direction, the damper mechanism according to the present invention has two diagonal lines as described above. The compressive force acts alternately from two different directions, whereby the hysteresis damping segment of the damper mechanism undergoes forcible shear deformation, and the hysteretic damping due to the forcible shear deformation causes the vibration energy of the rigid frame to be quickly absorbed. .
[0020]
Thus, the vibration energy of the ramen frame can be absorbed by the damper mechanism of the present invention in the same manner as in the conventional damper brace mechanism (FIG. 6) without the tension end of the brace being fixed to the ramen frame. The most suitable damping device or damping structure for seismic reinforcement of the frame is realized.
[0021]
Here, if the adjacent braces of the four braces were pin-joined to each other via the out-of-plane buckling prevention member, a situation where local out-of-plane buckling occurred in the damper mechanism, especially in the hysteresis damping segment occurred. Also, the action of the out-of-plane buckling preventing member can prevent the damper mechanism and the brace mechanism from buckling entirely in the out-of-plane direction, and as a result, the hysteresis damping segment also causes local out-of-plane buckling. Without this, it is possible to absorb vibration energy by the hysteresis damping due to the above-described shear deformation.
[0022]
The vibration damping device according to the present invention can be applied to any rigid frame that needs to suppress vibration due to an earthquake, and the vibration damping structure according to the present invention is also provided with the above-described rigid frame. It can be applied to any structure or structure. In addition, it goes without saying that any of the inventions can be applied to both the field of architectural civil engineering.
[0023]
For example, for a building structure such as an office building or a condominium, the vibration damping device according to the present invention can be attached to a ramen frame of each floor composed of columns and beams to form a vibration damping structure. In this case, it is conceivable to install it near the core of the building, such as around an EV in plan view.
[0024]
On the other hand, in the field of civil engineering, for example, it is possible to provide a vibration damping structure by attaching the vibration damping device of the present invention to a rigid frame constituting a lower structure of a viaduct.
[0025]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of a vibration damping device according to the present invention and a vibration damping structure using the same will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the same reference numerals are given to components and the like that are substantially the same as those in the related art, and description thereof is omitted.
[0026]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a viaduct lower structure 12 as a vibration damping structure in which a vibration damping device 11 according to the present embodiment is disposed in a reinforced concrete frame 3 composed of columns 1, 1 and beams 2. .
[0027]
The vibration damping device 11 according to the present embodiment generally includes a damper mechanism 13 and a brace mechanism 14 having four braces 15a, 15b, 15c, and 15d.
[0028]
As shown in detail in FIG. 2A, the damper mechanism 13 includes four brace mounting segments 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d and four shear-deformable hysteresis damping segments 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d. I have.
[0029]
Here, the four brace mounting segments 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d are respectively formed by providing a flange member on the peripheral edge so as to surround the peripheral edge of the right triangular web member. The thickness of the web member is adjusted so as to fall within the elastic range with respect to the anticipated earthquake motion.
[0030]
Further, the four hysteresis damping segments 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d are made of a so-called I-shaped steel in which flange members are provided on both edges of a rectangular web member, and the rectangular web member has a predetermined shear deformation. It is composed of a bilinear hysteresis damping member that causes plastic deformation when the amount exceeds the amount.
[0031]
The damper mechanism 13 is joined in a ring shape so that the four brace mounting segments 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d and the four hysteresis damping segments 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d are alternately arranged. That is, referring to FIG. 2A, among the flange members of the brace attaching segment 21a, the flange members on the sides sandwiching the right angle are brought into contact with the flange members of the hysteresis damping segment 22a and are joined by bolts or welding. Then, the flange member on the opposite side is brought into contact with the flange member on the side sandwiching the right angle of the brace mounting segment 21b and joined by bolts, welding, or the like, and the opposite flange member sandwiching the right angle is connected to the hysteresis damping segment 22b. The flange member of the hysteresis damping segment 22d is joined to the other flange member of the brace attachment segment 21a while being joined in the same manner by joining the flange member with bolts or welding, and the like. An annular damper mechanism 13 having a central opening 23 is formed.
[0032]
The brace mechanism 14 has a brace arrangement axis 25a extending substantially in an X shape from the virtual center set in the center opening 23 of the damper mechanism 13 in the same plane as the damper mechanism 13, in this embodiment, from the center 24 of the rectangular center opening 23. , 25b, 25c, and 25d, four braces 15a, 15b, 15c, and 15d are arranged, and the base ends of the braces are respectively attached to the brace mounting segments 21a, 21b, 21c, and 21d of the damper mechanism 13. They are joined.
[0033]
On the other hand, as described above, in the viaduct lower structure 12 as the vibration damping structure, the vibration damping device 11 is arranged on the surface of the rectangular frame frame 3 made of reinforced concrete composed of the columns 1, 1 and the beams 2. More specifically, the ends of the braces 15a and 15d are joined to the corners where the columns 1 and the beams 2 meet, and the ends of the braces 15b and 15c are joined to the corners where the columns 1 and the footing 8 which is the base meet. They are joined.
[0034]
Here, in joining the braces 15a, 15b, 15c, and 15d to the four corners described above, it is not necessary to transmit the tensile force. For example, it suffices to attach a box-shaped fitting portion to such a corner and fit the ends of the braces 15a, 15b, 15c, and 15d into the fitting portion.
[0035]
In the vibration damping device 11 according to the present embodiment and the viaduct lower structure 12 as a vibration damping structure using the same, the four braces 15a, 15b, 15c, and 15d are arranged in a substantially X-shape. The damper mechanism 13 is arranged near the center, and the brace mounting segments 21a, 21c constituting the damper mechanism 13 are arranged along the brace arrangement axes 25a, 25c, and the brace mounting segments 21b, 21d are arranged in the brace arrangement. Four hysteresis damping segments 22a, 22b, 22c, and 22d are interposed between them along the arrangement axes 25b and 25d, respectively.
[0036]
In this way, when the horizontal force at the time of the earthquake acts on the frame frame 3 and the frame frame is deformed as shown in FIG. 3, the braces 15a, 15c on the side of the diagonal line of the frame frame 3 whose length becomes shorter. , A compressive force is transmitted from the ramen frame 3, and the compressive force acts on both sides of the damper mechanism 13 via the brace mounting segments 21a, 21c as shown in FIG.
[0037]
Therefore, the damper mechanism 13, brace mounting segment 21a on the side compressive force acts, the distance d 2 of 21c is shortened by [Delta] d 2, the other side, i.e., on the side where the length of the diagonal line becomes longer brace 15b brace mounting segment 21b which 15d is mounted, the distance d 1 of 21d becomes longer by [Delta] d 1.
[0038]
As the damper mechanism 13 is deformed, the hysteresis damping segments 22a, 22b, 22c, and 22d undergo forcible shear deformation as can be clearly understood from FIG. 2B.
[0039]
Incidentally, brace mounting segment 21b, the distance d 1 and 21d is an amount corresponding to longer only [Delta] d 1, braces 15b, 15d are braces arranged axis 25b respectively, but so that the extruded along 25d, ramen Frame 3 also the Since the length is long along the diagonal line along the axis, there is no concern that the ends of the braces 15b and 15d receive a reaction force at the joint portion of the rigid frame 3 and hinder the deformation of the damper mechanism 13.
[0040]
That is, if the braces 15b and 15d are joined in a state where the ends of the braces 15b and 15d are brought into contact with the frame frame 3 and the braces 15a and 15c are assumed to be a rigid body, the deformation of the damper mechanism 13 causes the braces 15b and 15d to be joined. The distal end may remain in contact with the ramen frame 3 and, in some cases, may receive a reaction force from the ramen frame 3 and hinder the deformation of the damper mechanism 13. However, the braces 15a and 15c are elastic bodies and are compressed. Since the force is shortened by the force, the ends of the braces 15b and 15d are actually separated from the rigid frame 3, and no reaction force is generated at the joint.
[0041]
On the other hand, when the deformation of the rigid frame 3 is reversed in the reverse direction due to the reversal of the seismic load, the compressive force is transmitted from the rigid frame 3 to the damper mechanism 13 via the other braces 15b and 15d. The deformation that is symmetrical in the vertical direction with respect to the above-described deformation occurs, and the hysteresis damping segments 22a, 22b, 22c, and 22d that constitute the damper mechanism are subjected to forced shear deformation whose sign is opposite to that of the above-described shear deformation.
[0042]
As described above, when the horizontal force at the time of the earthquake acts on the rigid frame 3 as an alternating load and thereby the rigid frame 3 vibrates in the horizontal direction, the damper mechanism 13 according to the present embodiment has two diagonal lines. The compressive force acts alternately from two different directions, whereby the hysteresis damping segments 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d of the damper mechanism 13 are subjected to forcible shear deformation, and the hysteresis damping due to the forcible shear deformation causes the hysteretic damping of the rigid frame 3. Vibration energy is quickly absorbed.
[0043]
FIG. 4A illustrates the hysteresis characteristics of the vibration damping device 11 associated with the horizontal vibration of the rigid frame 3 separately for those using the braces 15a and 15c (upper row) and those using the braces 15b and 15d (lower row). It is.
[0044]
As can be seen from the figure, when the rigid frame 3 starts to receive the seismic load from the static state (point A in FIG. 4A) as shown in FIG. 3, the damper mechanism 13 applies the compressive force by the braces 15a and 15c. As shown in FIG. 2B, the vibration damping device 11 undergoes elastic deformation according to the overall initial rigidity obtained by combining the initial rigidity of the damper mechanism 13 and the rigidity of the brace mechanism 14. Next, as the hysteresis damping segments 22a, 22b, 22c, and 22d of the damper mechanism 13 yield, plastic deformation proceeds beyond the yield point B as a whole history.
[0045]
Next, when the deformation of the rigid frame 3 due to the seismic load is reversed and starts to deform leftward in FIG. 3, the vibration damping device 11 moves from the point C to a point D by elastic deformation according to the overall initial rigidity. .
[0046]
Next, when the ramen frame 3 starts to be deformed in a direction opposite to the original position (leftward in FIG. 3), the damper mechanism 13 receives a compressive force from the braces 15b and 15d. Due to the compressive force of the brace, a deformation symmetric with respect to the vertical axis is generated with respect to the deformation shown in FIG. 2B, and the vibration damping device 11 is configured by combining the initial rigidity of the damper mechanism 13 and the rigidity of the brace mechanism 14. Elastic deformation according to the initial rigidity proceeds. Next, when the hysteresis damping segments 22a, 22b, 22c, and 22d of the damper mechanism 13 yield, the plastic deformation proceeds toward the F beyond the yield point E as a whole history.
[0047]
Hereinafter, depending on whether the horizontal deformation of the ramen frame 3 is rightward or leftward, the brace for compressing the damper mechanism 13 is alternately switched, and as described above, the deformation of the vibration damping device 11 is G → H → I → J → K. After all, the hysteresis characteristics of the entire vibration damping device 11 are as shown in FIG. It goes without saying that the extent to which the plastic deformation progresses and at which point the plastic deformation is removed depends on the characteristics of the seismic load.
[0048]
As described above, according to the vibration damping device 11 according to the present embodiment and the viaduct lower structure 12 as a vibration damping structure using the same, the distal ends of the braces 15a, 15b, 15c, and 15d are pulled to the ramen frame 3. Even without fixing, the vibration energy of the ramen frame 3 can be absorbed by the damper mechanism 13 in the same manner as the damper brace mechanism shown in FIG. Alternatively, a vibration damping structure is realized.
[0049]
Although not specifically mentioned in the present embodiment, the vibration damping device of the present invention and the vibration damping structure using the same do not exclude the fact that the tip of the brace is fixed by tension to the ramen structure. Alternatively, the tip of each brace may be tension-fixed.
[0050]
In such a configuration, a tensile force is applied to the brace arranged in the direction in which the diagonal line becomes longer due to the vibration of the rigid frame, but the tensile force does not reduce the operation of the damper mechanism according to the present invention.
[0051]
Although not specifically mentioned in the present embodiment, of the four braces 15a, 15b, 15c, and 15d, adjacent braces may be pin-joined to each other via an out-of-plane buckling prevention member.
[0052]
FIG. 5 shows such a modification, in which the braces 15a and 15b are pin-joined to each other via an out-of-plane buckling prevention member 32a. Hereinafter, similarly, the braces 15b, 15c are connected to the out-of-plane buckling prevention member 32b, the braces 15c, 15d are connected to the out-of-plane buckling prevention member 32c, and the braces 15d, 15a are connected to the out-of-plane buckling prevention member 32d. Each is pin-joined to each other.
[0053]
The out-of-plane buckling prevention members 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d can be made of, for example, angle steel or C-shaped steel.
[0054]
According to such a configuration, even if local out-of-plane buckling occurs in the damper mechanism 13, particularly in the hysteresis damping segments 22a, 22b, 22c, and 22d, the out-of-plane buckling prevention members 32a, 32b, 32c, and 32d can be used. The action prevents the damper mechanism 13 and the brace mechanism 14 from buckling as a whole in the out-of-plane direction. As a result, the hysteresis damping segments 22a, 22b, 22c, and 22d do not cause local out-of-plane buckling. The hysteresis damping due to the shear deformation described above makes it possible to absorb the vibration energy of the rigid frame.
[0055]
Further, in the present embodiment, the lower structure of the viaduct, which is a vibration damping structure, has been described in the case where the structural surface is orthogonal to the bridge axis direction. However, in addition to or instead of this, the structural surface is aligned in the bridge axis direction. The vibration damping device of the present invention may be arranged so as to be parallel to form a vibration damping structure.
[0056]
Further, the lower structure of the viaduct as the vibration damping structure according to the present invention may be applied to each floor plate as the upper structure, or may be applied to an integrated upper structure formed by rigidly connecting the floor plates to each other. May be. Also in these cases, it is optional whether the vibration damping device is arranged on the surface of the ramen frame parallel to the bridge axis direction or on the surface of the ramen frame orthogonal to the bridge axis direction. They may be used alone or in combination as appropriate.
[0057]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the vibration damping device according to the present invention and the vibration damping structure using the same, even if the end of the brace is not fixed to the frame frame by tension, the same as the conventional damper brace mechanism, Vibration energy can be absorbed by the damper mechanism, and an optimal vibration damping device or vibration damping structure can be realized to reinforce the existing frame structure.
[0058]
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a vibration damping device according to an embodiment and a vibration damping structure using the same.
FIG. 2 is a detailed view showing a damper mechanism according to the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an operation of the vibration damping device according to the embodiment and a vibration damping structure using the same.
FIG. 4 is a view showing a history characteristic of the vibration damping device according to the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a front view showing a vibration damping device according to a modification.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a damper brace mechanism according to the related art.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Column 2 Beam 3 Ramen frame 11 Damper 12 Lower structure of viaduct (damping structure)
13 Damper mechanism 14 Brace mechanism 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d Brace 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d Brace mounting segment 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d Hysteresis damping segment 24 Virtual center 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d Brace arrangement axis 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d Out-of-plane buckling prevention member

Claims (3)

4つのブレース取付け用セグメントと4つのせん断変形可能な履歴減衰セグメントとを該ブレース取付け用セグメント及び該履歴減衰セグメントが交互に配置されるように環状に接合してなるダンパー機構と、該ダンパー機構と同一面内において該ダンパー機構の中央開口に設定された仮想中心からほぼX字状に延びるブレース配置軸線に沿って4本のブレースを配置するとともに該ブレースの基端を前記ブレース取付け用セグメントにそれぞれ接合してなるブレース機構とを備えたことを特徴とする制振装置。A damper mechanism comprising four brace mounting segments and four shear-deformable hysteresis damping segments joined annularly so that the brace mounting segments and the hysteresis damping segments are alternately arranged; Four braces are arranged along a brace arrangement axis extending substantially in an X-shape from a virtual center set at a central opening of the damper mechanism in the same plane, and base ends of the braces are respectively attached to the brace mounting segments. A vibration damping device comprising: a joined brace mechanism. 前記4本のブレースのうち、隣り合うブレースを面外座屈防止部材を介して互いにピン接合した請求項1記載の制振装置。2. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein adjacent ones of the four braces are pin-joined to each other via an out-of-plane buckling prevention member. 請求項1又は請求項2の制振装置を、矩形状をなすラーメン架構の構面に配置するとともに、前記4本のブレースの先端を前記ラーメン架構を構成する柱、梁、基礎又はそれらが取り合う隅部にそれぞれ接合したことを特徴とする制振構造。The vibration damping device according to claim 1 or 2, is disposed on a surface of a rectangular frame structure, and the ends of the four braces are pillars, beams, foundations, or the like that compose the frame structure. A vibration damping structure characterized by being joined to each corner.
JP2003062960A 2003-03-10 2003-03-10 Damping device and damping structure using the same Expired - Fee Related JP4242673B2 (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008214973A (en) * 2007-03-05 2008-09-18 Kajima Corp Seismic-control bridge pier structure
JP2010053527A (en) * 2008-08-26 2010-03-11 Ihi Corp Structure
JP2010095901A (en) * 2008-10-16 2010-04-30 Toko Go Vibration control-type double frame structure and frame-like vibration control fitting
JP2012117364A (en) 2012-01-20 2012-06-21 Kajima Corp Vibration control bridge pier structure
JP2015121092A (en) * 2015-02-23 2015-07-02 鹿島建設株式会社 Vibration control bridge pier structure
CN106012813A (en) * 2016-07-08 2016-10-12 南京工业大学 Energy-consuming assembly type pier structure and construction method
CN108660915A (en) * 2018-06-25 2018-10-16 上海应用技术大学 A kind of energy consumption link key for standard assembly pier stud

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008214973A (en) * 2007-03-05 2008-09-18 Kajima Corp Seismic-control bridge pier structure
JP2010053527A (en) * 2008-08-26 2010-03-11 Ihi Corp Structure
JP2010095901A (en) * 2008-10-16 2010-04-30 Toko Go Vibration control-type double frame structure and frame-like vibration control fitting
JP2012117364A (en) 2012-01-20 2012-06-21 Kajima Corp Vibration control bridge pier structure
JP2015121092A (en) * 2015-02-23 2015-07-02 鹿島建設株式会社 Vibration control bridge pier structure
CN106012813A (en) * 2016-07-08 2016-10-12 南京工业大学 Energy-consuming assembly type pier structure and construction method
CN106012813B (en) * 2016-07-08 2017-12-12 南京工业大学 Energy-consuming assembly type pier structure and construction method
CN108660915A (en) * 2018-06-25 2018-10-16 上海应用技术大学 A kind of energy consumption link key for standard assembly pier stud

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