JP2004245515A

JP2004245515A - Heat exchanging device

Info

Publication number: JP2004245515A
Application number: JP2003036428A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Masatomo Yoshimura; 昌知吉村; Masamitsu Kondo; 正満近藤; Tatsumura Mo; 立群毛
Original assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Current assignee: Panasonic Holdings Corp
Priority date: 2003-02-14
Filing date: 2003-02-14
Publication date: 2004-09-02

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a compact constitution of a heat exchanging device for collecting the latent heat to improve the heat efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: This heat exchanging device comprises a burner 21, a heat exchanger 24 for supplying the hot water heated by the burner, and a latent heat collection heat exchanger 28 connected to an inlet of the heat exchanger, mounted on an exhaust combustion gas passage 29 of the burner, and collecting the condensed latent heat of the vapor in the exhaust combustion gas. The latent heat collection heat exchanger is divided into a latent heat collection heat exchanging part 28a along an upper face side of the heat exchanger 24 and a latent heat collection heat exchanging part 28b along a back face side of the heat exchanger 24, whereby a hot water supply device compact in the height direction of the device can be constituted. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、主として家庭用または業務用における給湯用または暖房用等に使用する熱交換装置において顕熱だけでなく、特に燃焼ガス中の水蒸気潜熱までを回収し、熱効率の向上を図った熱交換装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、この種の潜熱回収の熱交換装置としての給湯器は、図１１に記載されているようなもの（特許文献１参照）があった。１はバーナ、２はバーナ１に燃料ガスを供給するガス管、３はバーナ１に燃焼用空気を供給するファン、４はバーナ１の燃焼によって発生する燃焼ガスの下流に位置する給湯熱交換器、５は給湯熱交換器４と上下に重ね合わせて配設される風呂の追い炊き熱交換器、６は給湯熱交換器４を形成する多数のフィンを貫通した給湯伝熱管、７は追い炊き熱交換器５を形成する追い炊き伝熱管である。
【０００３】
８は給湯熱交換器４および追い炊き熱交換器５と熱交換した燃焼排ガスの流れる給湯熱交換器４の下流の燃焼排ガス通路１５に設置した給湯潜熱回収熱交換器で、９は給湯潜熱回収熱交換器を形成する多数のフィンを貫通した給湯潜熱伝熱管である。１０は給湯潜熱伝熱管９の出口９ｂと給湯伝熱管６の入口６ａとを結ぶ温水管である。１１は給湯潜熱伝熱管９の入口９ａに接続した給水管、１２は給湯伝熱管６の出口６ｂに接続した給湯管、１３は追い炊き伝熱管７の入口に接続した風呂戻り管、１４は追い炊き伝熱管７の出口に接続した風呂行き管である。図中、１６は給湯器の筐体で、１７は排気出口である。
【０００４】
そして、給湯熱交換器４と追い炊き熱交換器５は、共通のバーナ１によって加熱され、矢印で示すように給水管１１からの給水が給湯潜熱回収熱交換器８に入り、給湯熱交換器４と追い炊き熱交換器５と熱交換した燃焼排ガスによって加熱され、温水管１０を通じて、給湯熱交換器４に入り、バーナ１によって発生する燃焼ガスにより、さらに加熱され所定の温度になって給湯管１２から流出する。この給湯潜熱回収熱交換器８では、主に燃焼ガス中の水蒸気に含まれる凝縮潜熱を回収することになる。
【０００５】
また、矢印で示すように風呂水槽（図示せず）の風呂水が風呂戻り管１３から追い炊き熱交換器５に入り、燃焼ガスによって加熱された後、風呂行き管１４を通じて、風呂水槽（図示せず）へ流れる。このように、給湯潜熱回収熱交換器８を設けたことにより、給湯運転時、燃焼ガス中の水蒸気の凝縮潜熱まで回収でき、高い熱効率が得られる。
【０００６】
しかしながら、上記従来の構成では、１次熱交換器である給湯潜熱回収熱交換器８が給湯、風呂、暖房等に使用される２次熱交換器である給湯熱交換器４および追い炊き熱交換器５の上面側（燃焼排ガスの下流側）の燃焼排ガス通路のみに配置されているため通常の排気スペースに対し、２倍以上の給湯潜熱回収熱交換器の設置スペースが必要になり、結果として給湯器の筐体１６の高さが大幅に高くなるという課題があった。
【０００７】
また、給湯器の筐体１６の高さ方向が大きくなることで、燃焼排ガス通路１５の通路抵抗の増大に対する構造的な配慮が見られず、ファン３の能力増大に頼る一般的な解決方法になるものと考えられる。
【０００８】
【特許文献１】
特開平１０−２６７４１４号公報
【０００９】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来の技術の問題点に鑑み、本発明が解決しようとする課題は、コンパクトで、熱効率の高い潜熱回収熱交換装置を備えた熱交換装置を提供することを目的とする。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記従来の課題を解決するために本発明は、潜熱回収熱交換器を、燃焼器の燃焼ガスに加熱される熱交換器の上面側だけでなく外側面側に沿って設けることで、前記熱交換器の外側面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換器の部分だけ、熱交換器の上面側に沿う潜熱回収熱交換器の部分の高さを低くでき、高さ方向の省スペース化と高効率を図るものである。
【００１１】
【発明の実施の形態】
前記した本発明の目的は、各請求項に記載した構成を実施の形態とすることにより達成できるので、以下には各請求項に記載の構成にその構成による作用効果を併記し併せて請求項記載の構成のうち説明を必要とする特定用語については詳細な説明を加えて本発明の実施の形態とする。
【００１２】
請求項１記載に係る発明は、燃焼器と、前記燃焼器により加熱される熱交換器と、前記熱交換器の入口に接続するとともに、前記燃焼器の燃焼排ガス通路に設け、燃焼排ガス中の水蒸気の凝縮潜熱を回収する潜熱回収熱交換器とを備え、前記潜熱回収熱交換器は、前記熱交換器の上面側および外側面側に沿って設けた熱交換装置である。
【００１３】
上記実施の形態によれば、潜熱回収熱交換器は燃焼器の燃焼ガスに加熱される熱交換器の下流である上面側および外側面側に沿って設けているので、熱交換器の外側面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換器の部分だけ、熱交換器の上面側に沿う潜熱回収熱交換器の部分の高さを低くでき、かつ熱交換器の下流である潜熱回収熱交換器の上面部分および側面部分を燃焼排ガスが流れ、装置の高さ方向の省スペース化と熱効率の向上を図ることが可能になる。
【００１４】
請求項２記載に係る発明は、請求項１記載の熱交換装置にあって、潜熱回収熱交換器を設けた燃焼排ガス通路は、熱交換器の上面側および外側面側に沿って上下通路に形成し、かつ前記上下通路の接続部をＵターン部としてなるもので、熱交換器と熱交換した燃焼排ガスは燃焼排ガス通路の、例えば下を通過した後、Ｕターン部で方向を変え例えば上通路を流れることが可能になり、潜熱の回収を効率よく行なえる。
【００１５】
請求項３記載に係る発明は、請求項１または請求項２記載の熱交換装置にあって、潜熱回収熱交換器を設けた燃焼排ガス通路は、その途中に波形状通路を設けたもので、波形状通路の燃焼排ガス通路の部分では潜熱回収熱交換器の、例えば潜熱回収伝熱管の受熱面積の拡大が可能となり、潜熱回収の効率向上と、潜熱回収伝熱管の通路抵抗の減少も可能になる。
【００１６】
請求項４記載に係る発明は、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の熱交換装置にあって、潜熱回収熱交換器を設けた燃焼排ガス通路は、通路抵抗の大なる部分に排気通路拡大部を設けているので、排気通路拡大部により通路抵抗の大なる部分、例えばＵターン部での排気抵抗が緩和され、例えば燃焼用空気を送るファンの効率向上と燃焼排ガス通路のコンパクト化が可能になる。
【００１７】
請求項５記載に係る発明は、請求項１または請求項３または請求項４記載の熱交換装置にあって、潜熱回収熱交換器を設けた燃焼排ガス通路を、平行に並設した左右通路で構成し、かつ前記左右通路の接続部をＵターン部としてなるもので、熱交換器と熱交換した燃焼排ガスは燃焼排ガス通路の、例えば右通路を通過した後、Ｕターン部で方向を変え例えば左通路を流れることが可能になり、潜熱の回収を効率よく行なえるとともに、装置の高さ方向の省スペース化を図ることが可能になる。
【００１８】
請求項６記載に係る発明は、請求項５記載の熱交換装置にあって、潜熱回収熱交換器を設けた燃焼排ガス通路は、その排気出口部分をテーパ状の排気通路拡大出口部に形成しているもので、熱交換器の上面側および外側面側の限定された幅スペースにおける燃焼排ガス通路を左右通路にしたことによる排気抵抗の増大を、テーパ状の排気通路拡大出口部により緩和することが可能になり、装置の高さ方向の省スペース化を図ったことを確実に生かすことが可能になる。
【００１９】
請求項７記載に係る発明は、請求項５または請求項６記載の熱交換装置にあって、潜熱回収熱交換器を設けた燃焼排ガス通路は、左右通路の仕切り板の途中に貫通孔を設けてなるもので、熱交換器の上面側および外側面側の限定されたスペースにおける燃焼排ガス通路を並設した左右通路にしたことによる排気抵抗の増大を、左右通路の仕切り板の途中に設けた貫通孔により緩和することが可能になり、装置の高さ方向の省スペース化を図ったことを確実に生かすことが可能になる。
【００２０】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例について図面を用いて説明する。
（実施例１）
図１は本発明の実施例１における熱交換装置である給湯器を示す構成図で、図２は同給湯器の熱交換部分の斜視図で、図３は同熱交換部分の概略断面を示す線図である。
【００２１】
図１〜図３において、２１はガスを燃料とする燃焼器であるバーナ、２２はバーナ２１に燃料ガスを供給するガス管、２３はバーナ２１に燃焼用空気を供給するファン、２４はバーナ２１の燃焼によって発生する燃焼ガスの下流に位置する２次熱交換器である給湯用の熱交換器、２５は熱交換器２４と上下に重ね合わせて配設される２次熱交換器である風呂の追い炊き熱交換器、２６は熱交換器２４を形成する多数のフィンを貫通した給湯用の伝熱管、２７は追い炊き熱交換器２５を形成する多数のフィンを貫通した追い炊き伝熱管である。
【００２２】
２８は熱交換器２４および追い炊き熱交換器２５と熱交換した燃焼排ガスの流れる熱交換器２４の下流になる燃焼排ガス通路２９に設置した１次熱交換器であるフィンチューブ式の潜熱回収熱交換器で、３０は潜熱回収熱交換器２８を形成する多数のフィンを貫通した潜熱伝熱管である。潜熱回収熱交換器２８は、熱交換器２４の上面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａと背面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ｂの逆Ｌ字状をなし、熱交換器２４の下流になる燃焼排ガス通路２９において、熱交換器２４の上面側と外側面の一つである背面側に沿って潜熱伝熱管３０をジグザグに蛇行させて上下２段に配列した構成にしてある。
【００２３】
燃焼排ガス通路２９は、筒状の外郭３１と上下仕切り板３２で構成され、熱交換器２４の上面側および背面側に沿った上下通路に形成するとともに、上下通路の接続部２９ａを燃焼排ガスのＵターン部としており、下通路の開口部３３を熱交換器２４の真上に臨ませ、上通路の排気出口３４を給湯器の筐体３５の排気口３６に接続している。
【００２４】
３７は潜熱伝熱管３０の出口３０ｂと熱交換器２４の伝熱管２６の入口２６ａとを結ぶ温水管である。３８は潜熱伝熱管３０の入口３０ａに接続した給水管、３９は伝熱管２６の出口２６ｂに接続した給湯管、４０は追い炊き伝熱管２７の入口に接続した風呂戻り管、４１は追い炊き伝熱管２７の出口に接続した風呂行き管である。図中、実線および点線の矢印は燃焼排ガスの流れを示す。
【００２５】
上記実施例の給湯器について、以下動作と作用を説明する。運転時、ガス管２２からガス、そしてファン２３から燃焼用空気がそれぞれ供給されてバーナ２１において混合されて燃焼し、燃焼ガスは熱交換器２４を加熱して通過し、開口部３３から燃焼排ガス通路２９の下通路に入り、矢印で示すように潜熱回収熱交換器２８の下段である熱交換器２４の上面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａと背面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ｂの配列されている下通路を流れ、Ｕターン部２９ａで方向転換し、燃焼排ガス通路２９の上通路に入る。
【００２６】
そして、さらに燃焼排ガスは潜熱回収熱交換器２８の熱交換器２４の背面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ｂと上面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａの配列されている燃焼排ガス通路２９の上通路を流れ排気出口３４、排気口３６を経て筐体３５外に排出される。
【００２７】
一方、給水は給水管３８より潜熱回収熱交換器２８の上段である熱交換器２４の背面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ｂと上面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａ、そして潜熱回収熱交換器２８の下段である熱交換器２４の上面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａと背面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ｂの順に潜熱回収熱交換器２８を流れ、熱交換器２４を加熱した後の燃焼排ガスによって加熱され、やや常温より高い温水になり、潜熱回収熱交換器２８の伝熱管出口３０ｂから流出し、温水管３７を通じて給湯用の熱交換器２４の伝熱管２６の入口２６ａから熱交換器２４内へ流れ、さらに燃焼ガスによって所定の温度まで加熱され、温水となり伝熱管出口２６ｂから流出する。潜熱回収熱交換器２８は、主に燃焼排ガス中の水蒸気の凝縮潜熱を回収している。
【００２８】
以上のように本実施例では、従来のように潜熱回収熱交換器を給湯用の熱交換器の上方にだけ配置するのではなく、熱交換器２４の上面側および外側面側の一つである背面側に沿って設けているので、熱交換器２４の背面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換器２８の潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ｂだけ、熱交換器２４の上面側に沿う潜熱回収熱交換器２８の潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａの高さを低くでき、装置の高さ方向の省スペース化を図ることができる。
【００２９】
また、本実施例では潜熱回収熱交換器２８を設けた燃焼排ガス通路２９は、熱交換器２４の上面側および背面側に沿って上下通路に形成し、かつ上下通路の接続部２９ａをＵターン部としているので、熱交換器２４と熱交換した燃焼排ガスは燃焼排ガス通路２９の、下通路を通過した後、Ｕターン部２９ａで方向を変え上通路を流れることが可能になり、潜熱の回収を効率よく行なえる。
【００３０】
さらに、熱交換器２４の上方スペースを少なくすることにより、給湯器におけるＦＦ排気方式、上方排気等の排気バリエーションの構成も容易に実施できる利点を有する。
【００３１】
なお、上記実施例では燃焼排ガス通路２９を上下に配置した上下通路で構成し、上通路の終端を排気出口３４として下通路から上通路の順で燃焼排ガスを流すように構成したが、その逆に燃焼排ガスを流すように構成しても良いものである。
【００３２】
（実施例２）
図４は本発明の実施例２における熱交換装置である給湯器の熱交換部分の概略断面を示す線図である。本実施例は、潜熱回収熱交換器を配列した燃焼排ガス通路の一部を波形状通路に形成した点が実施例１の発明と異なり、それ以外の同一の構成並びに作用効果を奏するところには同一の符号を付した図１を利用して詳細な説明を省略し、異なるところを中心に説明する。
【００３３】
燃焼排ガス通路２９は、筒状の外郭３１を上下通路に仕切る上下仕切り板３２における熱交換器２４の背面側に沿った部分を潜熱伝熱管３０と同心円で、かつ波形状部４５に形成して、上下通路の一部である途中を波形状通路２９ｂに構成している。従って、燃焼排ガス通路２９の波形状通路２９ｂに配列された潜熱回収熱交換器２８の潜熱伝熱管３０の径を大きくして受熱面積の拡大を図ることが可能になる。
【００３４】
以上のように構成された給湯器について、以下動作と作用を説明する。給湯運転によるバーナ２１の燃焼、そして燃焼ガスの排気流れ、および給水の流れ、さらには作用効果について上記した実施例１の発明と同様である。
【００３５】
特に本実施例では、潜熱回収熱交換器２８を設けた燃焼排ガス通路２９は、その途中である熱交換器２４の背面側に沿った部分を波形状通路２９ｂに形成し、かつ波形状通路２９ｂに配列されている潜熱伝熱管３０の受熱面積を拡大可能にしているので、燃焼排ガスは矢印で示すように上下仕切り板３２の波形状部４５に沿い蛇行しながら流れて潜熱伝熱管３０と熱交換が行なわれる。従って、潜熱回収の効率向上と、潜熱伝熱管３０を流れる給水の通路抵抗の減少にもなり、例えば循環ポンプ等を使用した際には循環効率の向上を図ることができる。
【００３６】
このように実施例１の発明における直線状に構成された仕切り板を用いた燃焼排ガス通路に対し、潜熱伝熱管３０の断面積を大きくしながら、一定の排気通路面積を確保する、すなわち潜熱伝熱管３０の断面積拡大は、受熱面積の増加をもたらし、熱交換効率の向上を実現するとともに、通水の際の通路抵抗を減少させることができる。
【００３７】
なお、上記実施例では波形状通路２９ｂを、熱交換器２４の背面側に沿った燃焼排ガス通路２９の部分に設けたが、所期の目的を達成する範囲であれば本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
【００３８】
（実施例３）
図５は本発明の実施例３における熱交換装置である給湯器の熱交換部分の概略断面を示す線図である。本実施例は、潜熱回収熱交換器を配列した燃焼排ガス通路の通路抵抗の大なる部分に排気通路拡大部を設けた点が実施例１の発明と異なり、それ以外の同一の構成並びに作用効果を奏するところには同一の符号を付した図１を利用して詳細な説明を省略し、異なるところを中心に説明する。
【００３９】
潜熱回収熱交換器２８を上下通路に配列した燃焼排ガス通路２９は、その通路抵抗の大なる部分である、例えば上下通路の接続部２９ａを拡大して排気通路拡大部５０を設け、排気ガスのＵターンを円滑にしている。
【００４０】
以上のように構成された給湯器について、以下動作と作用を説明する。給湯運転によるバーナ２１の燃焼、そして燃焼ガスの排気流れ、および給水の流れ、さらには作用効果について実施例１の発明と同様である。
【００４１】
特に本実施例では、潜熱回収熱交換器２８を設けた燃焼排ガス通路２９は、通路抵抗の大なる部分である上下通路の接続部２９ａに排気通路拡大部５０を設けているので、接続部２９ａであるＵターン部において矢印で示すように排気ガスが方向転換する際に、排気通路拡大部５０のチャンバー効果により排気抵抗が緩和され、燃焼用空気を送るファン２３の効率向上を図ることが可能になる。
【００４２】
以上のように本実施例は、燃焼排ガス通路の途中における通路抵抗の大なる部分を拡大することによるチャンバー効果により排気通路抵抗を緩和し、従来例よりコンパクトな熱交換装置を提供できる。なお、上記実施例では排気通路拡大部５０を、接続部２９ａの部分に設けたが、所期の目的を達成する範囲であれば本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
【００４３】
（実施例４）
図６は本発明の実施例４における熱交換装置である給湯器の熱交換部分の斜視図で、図７（ａ）、（ｂ）は同熱交換部分の燃焼排ガス通路の左右通路をそれぞれ単独で概略断面を示す線図である。本実施例は、潜熱回収熱交換器を配列した燃焼排ガス通路を、平行に並設した左右通路に構成した点が実施例１の発明と異なり、それ以外の同一の構成並びに作用効果を奏するところには同一の符号を付した図１を利用して詳細な説明を省略し、異なるところを中心に説明する。
【００４４】
潜熱回収熱交換器２８を設けた燃焼排ガス通路２９６は、平行に並設した左右通路で形成し、かつ前記左右通路の接続部２９６ａをＵターン部としてなるもので、熱交換器２４の上面側の潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａにおいては潜熱伝熱管３０を左右通路に分けて一列の配列とし、熱交換器２４と熱交換した燃焼排ガスは燃焼排ガス通路２９６の、例えば右通路を通過した後、Ｕターン部２９６ａで方向を変え左通路を流れることが可能になり、潜熱の回収を効率よく行なえるとともに、実施例１よりも、さらに装置の高さ方向の省スペース化を図ることが可能になる。３２ａは外郭３１ａ内に左右通路を構成するため真ん中に設けた左右仕切り板で、潜熱回収熱交換器２８を設けた燃焼排ガス通路２９を左右に分けたサイドバイサイドに構成している。また、実施例１における開口部３３に相当する開口部は、燃焼排ガス通路２９６における右通路の開始端部の下面に設けるものである。
【００４５】
以上のように構成された熱交換装置について、以下動作と作用を説明する。運転時、ガス管２２からガス、そしてファン２３から燃焼用空気がそれぞれ供給されてバーナ２１において混合されて燃焼し、燃焼ガスは熱交換器２４を加熱して通過し、開口部３３から燃焼排ガス通路２９６の右通路（図７（ａ）に示す）に入り、矢印で示すように潜熱回収熱交換器２８の右側部分である熱交換器２４の上面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａと背面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ｂの配列されている右通路を流れ、Ｕターン部２９６ａで方向転換して燃焼排ガス通路２９６の左通路に流入する。
【００４６】
そして、さらに燃焼排ガスは燃焼排ガス通路２９６の左通路（図７（ｂ）に示す）における潜熱回収熱交換器２８の熱交換器２４の背面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ｂと上面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａの配列されている燃焼排ガス通路２９の左通路を流れ、排気出口３４、排気口３６を経て筐体３５外に排出される。
【００４７】
一方、給水は給水管３８より潜熱回収熱交換器２８の右側の熱交換器２４の背面に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ｂと上面に沿う潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａ、そして潜熱回収熱交換器２８の左側部分である熱交換器２４の上面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａと背面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ｂの順に潜熱回収熱交換器２８を流れ、その間に熱交換器２４を加熱した後の燃焼排ガスによって加熱され、やや常温より高い温水になり、潜熱回収熱交換器２８の伝熱管出口３０ｂから流出し、温水管３７を通じて、２次熱交換器である給湯用の熱交換器２４の伝熱管２６の入口２６ａから熱交換器２４内へ流れ、さらに燃焼ガスによって所定の温度まで加熱され、温水となり伝熱管出口２６ｂから流出する。潜熱回収熱交換器２８は、主に燃焼ガス中の水蒸気の凝縮潜熱を回収している。
【００４８】
以上のように本実施例では、従来のように潜熱回収熱交換器を給湯用の熱交換器の上方にだけ配置するのではなく、熱交換器２４の上面側および外側面側の一つである背面側に沿って設けているので、熱交換器２４の背面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換器２８の潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ｂだけ、熱交換器２４の上面側に沿う潜熱回収熱交換器２８の潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａの高さを低くでき、特に本実施例では燃焼排ガス通路２９６を、熱交換器２４の上面側および外側面側の一つである背面側に沿って平行に並設した左右通路に構成し、この左右通路に熱交換器２４の上面に対向する潜熱回収熱交換器２８の潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａを分けて一列に配列しているので、さらに実施例１〜３の発明よりも、装置の高さ方向の省スペース化を一層図ることができる。
【００４９】
また、本実施例では潜熱回収熱交換器２８を設けた燃焼排ガス通路２９６は、熱交換器２４の上面側および背面側に沿って左右通路に形成し、かつ左右通路の接続部２９６ａをＵターン部としているので、熱交換器２４と熱交換した燃焼排ガスは燃焼排ガス通路２９６の、例えば右通路を通過した後、Ｕターン部２９６ａで方向を変え左通路に入り、この通路を流れることが可能になり、潜熱の回収を効率よく行なえる。
【００５０】
さらに、熱交換器２４の上方スペースを少なくすることにより、給湯器におけるＦＦ排気方式、上方排気等の排気バリエーションの構成も容易に実施できる利点を有する。
【００５１】
なお、上記実施例では燃焼排ガス通路２９を左右通路に構成し、左通路の終端を排気出口３４として右通路から左通路の順で燃焼排ガスを流すように構成したが、その逆に燃焼排ガスを流すように構成しても良いものである。
【００５２】
（実施例５）
図８（ａ）は本発明の実施例５における熱交換装置である給湯器の熱交換部分を示す斜視図で、図８（ｂ）は同熱交換部分の燃焼排ガス通路部分の矢視Ｆ―Ｆ線による横断面図である。本実施例は、潜熱回収熱交換器を配列した燃焼排ガス通路を、平行な左右通路を並設して構成し、かつ排気出口に向かってテーパ状に拡げた排気通路拡大出口部にした点が実施例１および実施例４の発明と異なり、それ以外の同一の構成並びに作用効果を奏するところには同一の符号を付した図１および図６、図７（ａ）、（ｂ）を利用して詳細な説明を省略し、異なるところを中心に説明する。
【００５３】
潜熱回収熱交換器２８を配列した燃焼排ガス通路２９６は、平行に左右通路を並設して構成するとともに、その左右通路のうち、左通路の排気出口３４に近いところから排気出口３４に向かって左右仕切り板３２ａを折り曲げて徐々に拡げたテーパ状の排気通路拡大出口部２９６ｂを形成している。排気出口３４は熱交換器２４の幅いっぱいに拡げた実施例１の排気出口と同じ幅の大きさにしている。
【００５４】
このように燃焼排ガス通路２９６および排気出口３４を構成した理由は、熱交換器２４の上面側および外側面側における一定幅の限られたスペースにおいて左右通路を平行に並設しているので、上下通路の燃焼排ガス通路である実施例１〜３の発明よりも幅スペースが狭くなり、一定長さにおける排気通路抵抗が大きくなるのを緩和させ、円滑に排気が行えるように構成したものである。
【００５５】
以上のように構成された熱交換装置について、以下動作と作用を説明する。給湯運転、燃焼排ガスの流れ、さらには作用効果について実施例４と同様のため、ここでの詳細な説明は省略する。図８（ａ）、（ｂ）に示すように熱交換器２４と熱交換した燃焼排ガスは、点線矢印で示すように燃焼排ガス通路２９６の右通路に入り、潜熱回収熱交換器２８の右側部分である熱交換器２４の上面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａと背面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ｂの配列されている右通路を流れ、Ｕターン部２９６ａで方向転換して燃焼排ガス通路２９６の左通路に流入する。
【００５６】
そして、さらに燃焼排ガスは燃焼排ガス通路２９６の左通路（図７（ｂ）に示す）における潜熱回収熱交換器２８の熱交換器２４の背面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ｂと上面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａの配列されている燃焼排ガス通路２９の左通路を流れ、排気出口３４、排気口３６を経て筐体３５外に排出される。そして、この過程において排気出口３４に近くなると、燃焼排ガス通路２９６の左通路は排気出口３４に向かってテーパ状に広がった排気通路拡大出口部２９６ｂとそれに合わせた排気出口３４になるので、排気通路抵抗が少なくなり燃焼排ガスが円滑に排気される。
【００５７】
以上のように本実施例では、潜熱回収熱交換器２８の配置してある燃焼排ガス通路２９６の排気出口３４に近いところに排気通路拡大出口部２９６ｂを形成しているので、燃焼排ガス通路の排気通路抵抗を緩和し、熱交換器の上面側および外側面側の限定された幅スペースにおける燃焼排ガス通路を平行に並設した左右通路にしたことによる排気通路抵抗の増大を緩和することができ、かつ装置の高さ方向の省スペース化を図ったことを十分に生かすことができ、従来の技術よりはもちろん、実施例１の発明よりもコンパクトな熱交換装置を提供できる。
【００５８】
（実施例６）
図９は本発明の実施例６における熱交換装置である給湯器の熱交換部分の斜視図で、図１０は同給湯器の熱交換部分の概略断面を示す線図である。本実施例は、潜熱回収熱交換器を配列した燃焼排ガス通路を、平行な左右通路を並設して構成し、かつ左右仕切り板の途中に貫通孔を設けた点が実施例１および実施例４、実施例５の発明と異なり、それ以外の同一の構成並びに作用効果を奏するところには同一の符号を付した図１および図６、図７（ａ）、（ｂ）を利用して詳細な説明を省略し、異なるところを中心に説明する。
【００５９】
潜熱回収熱交換器２８を左右通路に配列した燃焼排ガス通路２９６は、熱交換器２４の上面側および外側面の一つである背面側に沿って平行な左右通路を並設して構成し、かつ外郭３２ａの真ん中に配置した左右仕切り板３２ａの途中である熱交換器２４の背面側に沿った部分に複数の貫通孔９０を設けて、燃焼排ガス通路２９６の右通路を流れる燃焼排ガスの一部を左通路へバイパスさせることで、排気通路抵抗を緩和する構成にしている。このような構成にした理由は、本実施例も実施例５と趣旨を同じくしており、熱交換器２４の上面側および外側面側における一定幅の限られたスペースにおいて左右通路を平行に並設しているので、上下通路の燃焼排ガス通路である実施例１〜３の発明よりも幅スペースが狭くなり、一定長さにおける排気通路抵抗が大きくなるのを少しでも緩和させ、円滑に排気が行えるように構成したものである。
【００６０】
以上のように構成された熱交換装置について、以下動作と作用を説明する。給湯運転での燃焼排ガスの流れ、および作用効果については実施例４と同様のため、ここでの詳細な説明は省略する。そして、図９、図１０に示すように熱交換器２４と熱交換した燃焼排ガスは、点線矢印（図１０では実線矢印）で示すように燃焼排ガス通路２９６の右通路に入り、潜熱回収熱交換器２８の右側部分である熱交換器２４の上面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａと背面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ｂの配列されている右通路を流れ、Ｕターン部２９６ａで方向転換して燃焼排ガス通路２９６の左通路に流入する。
【００６１】
そして、さらに燃焼排ガスは燃焼排ガス通路２９６の左通路における潜熱回収熱交換器２８の熱交換器２４の背面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ｂと上面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａの配列されている燃焼排ガス通路２９の左通路を流れ、排気出口３４、排気口３６を経て筐体３５外に排出され、このように熱交換器２４を加熱した後の燃焼排ガスによって潜熱回収熱交換器２８が加熱されてやや常温より高い温水になり、潜熱回収熱交換器２８の伝熱管出口３０ｂから流出し、温水管３７を通じて、２次熱交換器である給湯用の熱交換器２４の伝熱管２６の入口２６ａから熱交換器２４内へ流れ、さらに燃焼ガスによって所定の温度まで加熱され、温水となり伝熱管出口２６ｂから流出する。潜熱回収熱交換器２８は、主に燃焼ガス中の水蒸気の凝縮潜熱を回収している。
【００６２】
このような燃焼排ガスの流れ過程において、燃焼排ガス通路２９６の右通路に入り、潜熱回収熱交換器２８の右側部分である熱交換器２４の上面側に沿った潜熱回収熱交換部分２８ａと熱交換した実線矢印で示す燃焼排ガスの一部が、複数の貫通孔９０を通って燃焼排ガス通路２９６の左通路に入り、接続部２９６ａの部分をバイパスするので、その分だけ排気通路抵抗が少なくなり燃焼排気ガスが円滑に排気される。
【００６３】
以上のように本実施例では燃焼排ガス通路２９６を、平行に並設した左右通路で構成するため外郭３１ａの真ん中に設けた左右仕切り板３２ａに複数の貫通孔９０を設け、Ｕターン部である接続部２９６ａをバイパスする構成にしているので、実施例４の発明より排気通路抵抗を小さくできて排気効率を高められ、かつ従来の技術よりコンパクトな潜熱回収装置を提供できる。
【００６４】
なお、上記実施例では貫通孔９０を熱交換器２４の背面に沿った部分へ一列に縦方向に複数設けたが、その数、配列、方向はこれに限定されるものではない。また上記各実施例では燃焼排ガス通路２９、２９６の排気出口３４と筐体３５の排気口３６とを別々に示したが、燃焼排ガス通路２９、２９６を延設して排気出口３４を直接、筐体３５の排気口としても良いものである。
【００６５】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、装置のコンパクト化と熱効率の向上した熱交換装置を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施例１における給湯器を示す構成図
【図２】同実施例１における給湯器の熱交換部分の斜視図
【図３】同実施例１における給湯器の熱交換部分の概略断面を示す線図
【図４】本発明の実施例２における給湯器の熱交換部分の概略断面を示す線図
【図５】本発明の実施例３における給湯器の熱交換部分の概略断面を示す線図
【図６】本発明の実施例４における給湯器の熱交換部分の斜視図
【図７】（ａ）同実施例４における給湯器の熱交換部分の右側での概略断面を示す線図
（ｂ）同実施例４における給湯器の熱交換部分の左側での概略断面を示す線図
【図８】（ａ）本発明の実施例５における給湯器の熱交換部分の斜視図
（ｂ）図８（ａ）の矢視Ｆ―Ｆ線による横断面図
【図９】本発明の実施例６における給湯器の熱交換部分の斜視図
【図１０】同実施例６における給湯器の熱交換部分の概略断面を示す線図
【図１１】従来例における給湯器の構成図
【符号の説明】
２１バーナ（燃焼器）
２４熱交換器
２８潜熱回収熱交換器
２８ａ、２８ｂ潜熱回収熱交換部分
２９、２９６燃焼排ガス通路
２９ａ、２９６ａ接続部
２９ｂ波形状通路
３２ａ左右仕切り板
５０排気通路拡大部
２９６ｂ排気通路拡大出口部
９０貫通孔[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat exchange device mainly used for domestic or business use for hot water supply or heating, which recovers not only sensible heat but also particularly latent heat of water vapor in combustion gas to improve heat efficiency. It concerns the device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a water heater as a heat exchange device for this type of latent heat recovery has been disclosed in FIG. 11 (see Patent Document 1). 1 is a burner, 2 is a gas pipe for supplying fuel gas to the burner 1, 3 is a fan for supplying combustion air to the burner 1, 4 is a hot water supply heat exchanger located downstream of the combustion gas generated by the combustion of the burner 1. Reference numeral 5 denotes a post-heating heat exchanger for a bath which is disposed to be superimposed on the hot water supply heat exchanger 4, 6 denotes a hot water supply heat transfer tube penetrating a number of fins forming the hot water supply heat exchanger 4, and 7 denotes post-heating. The additional heat transfer tube forming the heat exchanger 5.
[0003]
Reference numeral 8 denotes a hot water supply latent heat recovery heat exchanger installed in the flue gas passage 15 downstream of the hot water supply heat exchanger 4 through which the combustion exhaust gas that has exchanged heat with the hot water supply heat exchanger 4 and the post-cooking heat exchanger 5 is used. It is a hot water supply latent heat transfer tube that penetrates a number of fins forming a heat exchanger. A hot water pipe 10 connects an outlet 9b of the hot water supply heat transfer tube 6 and an inlet 6a of the hot water supply heat transfer tube 6. 11 is a water supply pipe connected to the inlet 9a of the hot water supply latent heat transfer pipe 9, 12 is a hot water supply pipe connected to the outlet 6b of the hot water supply heat transfer pipe 6, 13 is a bath return pipe connected to the inlet of the additional heat transfer pipe 7, and 14 is a follow-up pipe. This is a bath pipe connected to the outlet of the heat transfer tube 7 for cooking. In the figure, reference numeral 16 denotes a housing of the water heater, and 17 denotes an exhaust outlet.
[0004]
Then, the hot water supply heat exchanger 4 and the additional heating heat exchanger 5 are heated by the common burner 1, and the water supplied from the water supply pipe 11 enters the hot water supply latent heat recovery heat exchanger 8 as shown by the arrow, and the hot water supply heat exchanger Heated by the flue gas that has been heat-exchanged with the additional heat exchanger 4 and enters the hot water supply heat exchanger 4 through the hot water pipe 10 and further heated by the combustion gas generated by the burner 1 to reach a predetermined temperature. It flows out of the tube 12. This hot water supply latent heat recovery heat exchanger 8 mainly recovers latent heat of condensation contained in steam in the combustion gas.
[0005]
Further, as indicated by an arrow, bath water in a bath water tank (not shown) is added from the bath return pipe 13 and enters the heat exchanger 5 and is heated by the combustion gas. (Not shown). By providing the hot water supply latent heat recovery heat exchanger 8 in this way, during hot water supply operation, even the latent heat of condensation of water vapor in the combustion gas can be recovered, and high heat efficiency can be obtained.
[0006]
However, in the above-mentioned conventional configuration, the hot water supply latent heat recovery heat exchanger 8 as the primary heat exchanger is used as the secondary heat exchanger used for hot water supply, bath, heating, and the like. Since it is arranged only in the flue gas passage on the upper surface side (downstream side of the flue gas) of the heat exchanger 5, more than twice the installation space for the hot water supply latent heat recovery heat exchanger is required as compared with the normal exhaust space. There was a problem that the height of the housing 16 of the water heater was significantly increased.
[0007]
Further, since the height direction of the water heater housing 16 is increased, no structural consideration is given to an increase in the passage resistance of the flue gas passage 15, and a general solution that relies on an increase in the capacity of the fan 3 is adopted. It is considered to be.
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-10-267414
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-described problems of the related art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a heat exchange device including a latent heat recovery heat exchange device that is compact and has high thermal efficiency.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention provides the latent heat recovery heat exchanger not only along the upper surface side of the heat exchanger heated by the combustion gas of the combustor but also along the outer surface side thereof, The height of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger along the top surface of the heat exchanger can be reduced only at the portion of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger along the outside surface side of the exchanger, saving space in the height direction and high efficiency It is intended.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The above-described object of the present invention can be achieved by implementing the configuration described in each claim as an embodiment. Hereinafter, the operation and effect of the configuration will be described together with the configuration described in each claim. Specific terms that need to be explained in the description will be described in detail according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0012]
The invention according to claim 1 is a combustor, a heat exchanger heated by the combustor, and connected to an inlet of the heat exchanger and provided in a flue gas passage of the combustor, wherein A latent heat recovery heat exchanger that recovers latent heat of condensation of steam, wherein the latent heat recovery heat exchanger is a heat exchange device provided along an upper surface and an outer surface of the heat exchanger.
[0013]
According to the above embodiment, since the latent heat recovery heat exchanger is provided along the upper surface side and the outer surface side downstream of the heat exchanger heated by the combustion gas of the combustor, the outer surface of the heat exchanger Only the part of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger along the side can lower the height of the part of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger along the upper surface side of the heat exchanger, and the upper surface of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger downstream of the heat exchanger The combustion exhaust gas flows through the part and the side part, so that space saving in the height direction of the device and improvement in thermal efficiency can be achieved.
[0014]
The invention according to claim 2 is the heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas passage provided with the latent heat recovery heat exchanger is formed as a vertical passage along the upper surface side and the outer surface side of the heat exchanger. The flue gas exchanged with the heat exchanger has a U-turn portion, and the flue gas that has exchanged heat with the heat exchanger passes through, for example, a lower portion of the flue gas passage, and changes its direction at the U-turn portion. It is possible to flow through the passage, and the latent heat can be efficiently recovered.
[0015]
The invention according to claim 3 is the heat exchange device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flue gas passage provided with the latent heat recovery heat exchanger is provided with a corrugated passage in the middle thereof. In the flue gas exhaust passage of the corrugated passage, the heat receiving area of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger, for example, the latent heat recovery heat transfer tube, can be expanded, improving the efficiency of latent heat recovery and reducing the passage resistance of the latent heat recovery heat transfer tube. Become.
[0016]
The invention according to claim 4 is the heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flue gas passage provided with the latent heat recovery heat exchanger has an exhaust passage enlarged in a portion having a large passage resistance. Since the exhaust passage is provided, the exhaust passage enlarged portion reduces the exhaust resistance at the part where the passage resistance is large, for example, the U-turn part. For example, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the fan that sends combustion air and make the combustion exhaust gas passage compact. become.
[0017]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the heat exchange device according to the first, third, or fourth aspect, wherein the combustion exhaust gas passage provided with the latent heat recovery heat exchanger is a left and right passage arranged in parallel. The connecting portion of the left and right passages is configured as a U-turn portion, and the combustion exhaust gas that has exchanged heat with the heat exchanger changes its direction at the U-turn portion after passing through the combustion exhaust gas passage, for example, the right passage. As a result, the latent heat can be efficiently collected, and the space in the height direction of the apparatus can be reduced.
[0018]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the heat exchange apparatus of the fifth aspect, the combustion exhaust gas passage provided with the latent heat recovery heat exchanger has an exhaust outlet portion formed in a tapered exhaust passage enlarged outlet portion. The increased exhaust resistance due to the left and right passage of the flue gas passage in the limited width space on the upper surface side and the outer surface side of the heat exchanger is mitigated by the tapered exhaust passage enlarged outlet portion. It is possible to make full use of saving the space in the height direction of the apparatus.
[0019]
The invention according to claim 7 is the heat exchanger according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the combustion exhaust gas passage provided with the latent heat recovery heat exchanger is provided with a through hole in the middle of the left and right passage partition plates. The increase in the exhaust resistance due to the arrangement of the left and right passages in which the combustion exhaust gas passages are arranged side by side in the limited space on the upper surface side and the outer surface side of the heat exchanger is provided in the middle of the partition plate for the left and right passages. It is possible to alleviate the problem by the through-hole, and it is possible to reliably utilize the space saving in the height direction of the device.
[0020]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Example 1)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a water heater that is a heat exchange device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a heat exchange portion of the water heater, and FIG. 3 is a schematic cross section of the heat exchange portion. FIG.
[0021]
1 to 3, reference numeral 21 denotes a burner which is a combustor using gas as a fuel, reference numeral 22 denotes a gas pipe for supplying a fuel gas to the burner 21, reference numeral 23 a fan for supplying combustion air to the burner 21, and reference numeral 24 a burner 21. A heat exchanger for hot water supply, which is a secondary heat exchanger located downstream of the combustion gas generated by the combustion of the water, is a bath, which is a secondary heat exchanger that is disposed vertically above the heat exchanger 24. , A heat transfer tube for hot water supply penetrating a number of fins forming the heat exchanger 24, and a heat transfer tube 27 passing through a number of fins forming the heat exchanger 25. is there.
[0022]
Reference numeral 28 denotes a fin tube-type latent heat recovery heat which is a primary heat exchanger installed in a flue gas passage 29 downstream of the heat exchanger 24 through which the flue gas exchanged with the heat exchanger 24 and the additional heat exchanger 25 flows. In the exchanger, reference numeral 30 denotes a latent heat transfer tube penetrating a number of fins forming the latent heat recovery heat exchanger. The latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 has an inverted L-shape including a latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28a along the upper surface side of the heat exchanger 24 and a latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28b along the rear surface side, and is downstream of the heat exchanger 24. In the flue gas passage 29, the latent heat transfer tubes 30 are arranged in a zigzag manner along the upper surface and one of the outer surfaces of the heat exchanger 24 in a zigzag manner so as to be arranged in two upper and lower stages.
[0023]
The flue gas passage 29 is constituted by a cylindrical outer shell 31 and upper and lower partition plates 32, and is formed in a vertical passage along the upper surface side and the rear surface side of the heat exchanger 24. The opening 33 of the lower passage faces right above the heat exchanger 24, and the exhaust outlet 34 of the upper passage is connected to the exhaust port 36 of the housing 35 of the water heater.
[0024]
A hot water pipe 37 connects the outlet 30b of the latent heat transfer tube 30 and the inlet 26a of the heat transfer tube 26 of the heat exchanger 24. 38 is a water supply pipe connected to the inlet 30a of the latent heat transfer pipe 30, 39 is a hot water pipe connected to the outlet 26b of the heat transfer pipe 26, 40 is a bath return pipe connected to the inlet of the additional heat transfer pipe 27, and 41 is a additional cooker This is a bath going pipe connected to the outlet of the heat pipe 27. In the drawing, solid and dotted arrows indicate the flow of the combustion exhaust gas.
[0025]
The operation and operation of the water heater of the above embodiment will be described below. During operation, gas is supplied from the gas pipe 22 and combustion air is supplied from the fan 23 and mixed and burned in the burner 21. The combustion gas passes through the heat exchanger 24 by heating, and the combustion exhaust gas passes through the opening 33. It enters the lower passage of the passage 29, and as shown by the arrows, the latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28a along the upper surface side of the heat exchanger 24 which is the lower stage of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28, and the latent heat recovery heat exchange portion along the back side. The gas flows through the lower passages 28b, turns at the U-turn portion 29a, and enters the upper passage of the flue gas passage 29.
[0026]
Further, the flue gas is discharged into a flue gas passage 29 in which a latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28b along the back side of the heat exchanger 24 of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 and a latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28a along the upper surface side are arranged. Flows through the upper passage, and is discharged out of the housing 35 through the exhaust outlet 34 and the exhaust port 36.
[0027]
On the other hand, water is supplied from a water supply pipe 38 to a latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28b along the back side of the heat exchanger 24 which is an upper stage of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28, a latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28a along the upper surface side, and a latent heat recovery. The latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 flows along the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 along the upper surface side of the heat exchanger 24 at the lower stage of the heat exchanger 28 and the latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28b along the rear surface side. Heated by the combustion exhaust gas after heating the heat exchanger 24, the hot water becomes slightly higher than normal temperature, flows out of the heat transfer pipe outlet 30 b of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28, and flows through the hot water pipe 37 to the heat transfer pipe 26 of the heat exchanger 24 for hot water supply. Flows into the heat exchanger 24 from the inlet 26a, and is further heated to a predetermined temperature by the combustion gas to become hot water and flows out from the heat transfer tube outlet 26b. The latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 mainly recovers latent heat of condensation of steam in the combustion exhaust gas.
[0028]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the latent heat recovery heat exchanger is not disposed only above the hot water supply heat exchanger as in the related art, but is provided on one of the upper surface side and the outer surface side of the heat exchanger 24. Since it is provided along a certain rear side, only the latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28b of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 along the rear side of the heat exchanger 24 is a latent heat recovery heat exchanger along the upper surface side of the heat exchanger 24. The height of the latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28a of the apparatus 28 can be reduced, and space saving in the height direction of the apparatus can be achieved.
[0029]
Further, in the present embodiment, the flue gas passage 29 provided with the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 is formed as a vertical passage along the upper surface side and the rear surface side of the heat exchanger 24, and the connecting portion 29a of the vertical passage is U-turned. The flue gas that has exchanged heat with the heat exchanger 24 passes through the lower passage of the flue gas passage 29 and then changes direction at the U-turn portion 29a to flow through the upper passage, thereby recovering latent heat. Can be performed efficiently.
[0030]
Further, by reducing the space above the heat exchanger 24, there is an advantage that the configuration of the exhaust variation such as the FF exhaust system and the upper exhaust in the water heater can be easily implemented.
[0031]
In the above-described embodiment, the flue gas passage 29 is constituted by upper and lower passages arranged vertically, and the end of the upper passage is set as the exhaust outlet 34 so that the flue gas flows from the lower passage to the upper passage in order. It may be configured so that the combustion exhaust gas is flowed through the chamber.
[0032]
(Example 2)
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic cross section of a heat exchange part of a water heater that is a heat exchange device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment differs from the invention of the first embodiment in that a part of the flue gas passage in which the latent heat recovery heat exchangers are arranged is formed as a corrugated passage. Detailed description is omitted using FIG. 1 to which the same reference numerals are given, and different points are mainly described.
[0033]
The flue gas passage 29 is formed by forming a portion along the back side of the heat exchanger 24 in the upper and lower partition plate 32 that divides the cylindrical outer shell 31 into an upper and lower passage in a concentric circle with the latent heat transfer tube 30 and in a corrugated portion 45. A part of the upper and lower passages is formed as a corrugated passage 29b. Therefore, it is possible to increase the diameter of the latent heat transfer tube 30 of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 arranged in the corrugated passage 29b of the combustion exhaust gas passage 29 to increase the heat receiving area.
[0034]
The operation and operation of the water heater configured as described above will be described below. The combustion of the burner 21 by the hot water supply operation, the exhaust gas flow of the combustion gas, the flow of the water supply, and the operation and effect are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0035]
In particular, in this embodiment, the flue gas passage 29 provided with the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 has a wavy passage 29b at a portion along the back side of the heat exchanger 24 in the middle thereof, and the wavy passage 29b Since the heat receiving area of the latent heat transfer tubes 30 arranged in the vertical direction can be expanded, the flue gas flows meandering along the corrugated portions 45 of the upper and lower partition plates 32 as indicated by arrows, and the heat and the heat flows therethrough. An exchange is performed. Therefore, the efficiency of latent heat recovery can be improved and the resistance of the feed water flowing through the latent heat transfer tube 30 can be reduced. For example, when a circulation pump or the like is used, the circulation efficiency can be improved.
[0036]
Thus, a constant exhaust passage area is ensured while increasing the sectional area of the latent heat transfer tube 30 with respect to the combustion exhaust gas passage using the linearly configured partition plate in the invention of the first embodiment, that is, the latent heat transfer passage. The enlargement of the cross-sectional area of the heat pipe 30 increases the heat receiving area, improves the heat exchange efficiency, and can reduce the passage resistance when flowing water.
[0037]
In the above embodiment, the corrugated passage 29b is provided in the portion of the flue gas passage 29 along the back side of the heat exchanger 24, but the present invention is not limited to this as long as the intended purpose is achieved. It is not done.
[0038]
(Example 3)
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a schematic cross section of a heat exchange part of a water heater which is a heat exchange device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that an exhaust passage enlarging portion is provided in a portion of the flue gas passage where a latent heat recovery heat exchanger is arranged, where the passage resistance is large, and the other configurations and effects are the same. The detailed description is omitted with reference to FIG. 1 where the same reference numerals are given, and different points are mainly described.
[0039]
The flue gas passage 29 in which the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 is arranged in the upper and lower passages is provided with an exhaust passage enlarging portion 50 by enlarging a connection portion 29a of the upper and lower passages, which is a portion having a large passage resistance, for example. The U-turn is smooth.
[0040]
The operation and operation of the water heater configured as described above will be described below. The combustion of the burner 21 by the hot water supply operation, the exhaust gas flow of the combustion gas, the flow of the water supply, and the operation and effect are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0041]
In particular, in this embodiment, since the flue gas passage 29 provided with the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 is provided with the exhaust passage enlarged portion 50 at the connecting portion 29a of the upper and lower passages which is a portion having a large passage resistance, the connecting portion 29a When the exhaust gas changes direction as shown by the arrow in the U-turn portion, the exhaust effect is reduced by the chamber effect of the exhaust passage enlarged portion 50, and the efficiency of the fan 23 for sending the combustion air can be improved. become.
[0042]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the exhaust passage resistance is reduced by the chamber effect by enlarging a large portion of the passage resistance in the middle of the flue gas passage, and a heat exchange device more compact than the conventional example can be provided. In the above embodiment, the exhaust passage enlarging portion 50 is provided at the connection portion 29a. However, the present invention is not limited to this, as long as the intended purpose is achieved.
[0043]
(Example 4)
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a heat exchange portion of a water heater as a heat exchange device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) show left and right passages of a flue gas passage of the heat exchange portion respectively. FIG. This embodiment differs from the invention of the first embodiment in that the flue gas passages in which the latent heat recovery heat exchangers are arranged are configured as left and right passages arranged side by side in parallel. , Detailed description is omitted using FIG. 1 assigned the same reference numerals, and different points will be mainly described.
[0044]
The flue gas passage 296 provided with the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 is formed of left and right passages juxtaposed in parallel, and the connecting portion 296a of the left and right passages serves as a U-turn portion. In the latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28a, the latent heat transfer tubes 30 are divided into left and right passages and arranged in a line, and the combustion exhaust gas that has exchanged heat with the heat exchanger 24 passes through, for example, the right passage of the combustion exhaust gas passage 296, and It is possible to change the direction at the turn part 296a and to flow through the left passage, thereby efficiently collecting the latent heat, and further reducing the space in the height direction of the apparatus as compared with the first embodiment. . Reference numeral 32a denotes a left and right partition plate provided in the middle to form a left and right passage in the outer shell 31a, and constitutes a combustion exhaust gas passage 29 provided with a latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 as a side-by-side divided right and left. Further, an opening corresponding to the opening 33 in the first embodiment is provided on the lower surface of the start end of the right passage in the flue gas passage 296.
[0045]
The operation and operation of the heat exchange device configured as described above will be described below. During operation, gas is supplied from the gas pipe 22 and combustion air is supplied from the fan 23 and mixed and burned in the burner 21. The combustion gas passes through the heat exchanger 24 by heating, and the combustion exhaust gas passes through the opening 33. Entering the right passage (shown in FIG. 7A) of the passage 296, a latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28a along the upper surface side of the heat exchanger 24, which is the right portion of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28, as indicated by an arrow. It flows through the right passage in which the latent heat recovery heat exchange portions 28b are arranged along the back side, changes direction at the U-turn portion 296a, and flows into the left passage of the flue gas passage 296.
[0046]
Further, the combustion exhaust gas is further transferred to the latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28b along the back side of the heat exchanger 24 of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 in the left passage (shown in FIG. 7B) of the combustion exhaust gas passage 296 and to the upper surface side. The gas flows through the left passage of the flue gas passage 29 in which the latent heat recovery heat exchange portions 28a are arranged, and is discharged to the outside of the housing 35 through the exhaust outlet 34 and the exhaust port 36.
[0047]
On the other hand, water is supplied from the water supply pipe 38 to the latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28b along the back surface of the heat exchanger 24 on the right side of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28, to the latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28a along the upper surface, and to the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28. Flows through the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 in the order of the latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28a along the upper surface side of the heat exchanger 24 and the latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28b along the rear surface side. Is heated by the combustion exhaust gas after being heated, becomes hot water slightly higher than room temperature, flows out of the heat transfer tube outlet 30b of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28, passes through the hot water tube 37, and becomes the heat for hot water supply as the secondary heat exchanger. The heat flows into the heat exchanger 24 from the inlet 26a of the heat transfer tube 26 of the exchanger 24, and is further heated to a predetermined temperature by the combustion gas to become hot water and flows out from the heat transfer tube outlet 26b. The latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 mainly recovers latent heat of condensation of steam in the combustion gas.
[0048]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the latent heat recovery heat exchanger is not disposed only above the hot water supply heat exchanger as in the related art, but is provided on one of the upper surface side and the outer surface side of the heat exchanger 24. Since it is provided along a certain rear side, only the latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28b of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 along the rear side of the heat exchanger 24 is a latent heat recovery heat exchanger along the upper surface side of the heat exchanger 24. The height of the latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28a of the heat exchanger 28 can be reduced, and in this embodiment, particularly, the flue gas passage 296 is arranged in parallel along the rear side which is one of the upper side and the outer side of the heat exchanger 24. The latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28a of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 facing the upper surface of the heat exchanger 24 is divided and arranged in a line in the left and right passages. The space saving in the height direction of the device can be reduced more than the third invention. It is possible to achieve.
[0049]
Further, in the present embodiment, the flue gas passage 296 provided with the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 is formed in the left and right passages along the upper surface side and the rear surface side of the heat exchanger 24, and the connection portion 296a of the left and right passages is U-turned. The flue gas that has exchanged heat with the heat exchanger 24 passes through, for example, the right passage of the flue gas passage 296, then changes direction at the U-turn portion 296a, enters the left passage, and can flow through this passage. And the latent heat can be recovered efficiently.
[0050]
Further, by reducing the space above the heat exchanger 24, there is an advantage that the configuration of the exhaust variation such as the FF exhaust system and the upper exhaust in the water heater can be easily implemented.
[0051]
In the above embodiment, the flue gas passage 29 is configured as a left and right passage, and the end of the left passage is configured as the exhaust outlet 34 so that the flue gas flows in the order from the right passage to the left passage. It may be configured to flow.
[0052]
(Example 5)
FIG. 8A is a perspective view showing a heat exchange portion of a water heater as a heat exchange device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a cross section by the F line. The present embodiment is characterized in that the flue gas passage in which the latent heat recovery heat exchangers are arranged is configured by arranging parallel left and right passages, and that the exhaust passage expansion outlet portion is tapered toward the exhaust outlet. Different from the inventions of the first and fourth embodiments, other parts having the same configuration and operation and effect are provided with the same reference numerals in FIGS. 1 and 6, FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b). Therefore, detailed description will be omitted, and different points will be mainly described.
[0053]
The flue gas passage 296, in which the latent heat recovery heat exchangers 28 are arranged, is configured by arranging left and right passages in parallel, and from the left and right passages of the left and right passages near the exhaust outlet 34 of the left passage toward the exhaust outlet 34. A left and right partition plate 32a is bent to form a tapered exhaust passage enlarged outlet 296b that is gradually expanded. The exhaust outlet 34 has the same width as the exhaust outlet of the first embodiment, which is widened to the entire width of the heat exchanger 24.
[0054]
The reason for configuring the combustion exhaust gas passage 296 and the exhaust outlet 34 in this way is that the left and right passages are arranged in parallel in a limited space of a fixed width on the upper surface side and the outer surface side of the heat exchanger 24, The width of the passage is narrower than that of the inventions of the first to third embodiments, which are the combustion exhaust gas passages, and the exhaust gas passage resistance at a certain length is reduced so that the exhaust gas can be smoothly exhausted.
[0055]
The operation and operation of the heat exchange device configured as described above will be described below. Since the hot water supply operation, the flow of the combustion exhaust gas, and the operation and effect are the same as those in the fourth embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted. As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the flue gas that has exchanged heat with the heat exchanger 24 enters the right passage of the flue gas passage 296 as indicated by the dotted arrow, and the right portion of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28. Flows through the right passage where the latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28a along the upper surface side of the heat exchanger 24 and the latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28b along the rear surface side are turned, and the direction is changed at the U-turn portion 296a to burn. It flows into the left passage of the exhaust gas passage 296.
[0056]
Further, the combustion exhaust gas is further transferred to the latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28b along the back side of the heat exchanger 24 of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 in the left passage (shown in FIG. 7B) of the combustion exhaust gas passage 296 and to the upper surface side. The gas flows through the left passage of the flue gas passage 29 in which the latent heat recovery heat exchange portions 28a are arranged, and is discharged to the outside of the housing 35 through the exhaust outlet 34 and the exhaust port 36. In this process, when the exhaust gas is close to the exhaust outlet 34, the left passage of the flue gas passage 296 becomes the exhaust passage enlarged outlet 296 b tapered toward the exhaust outlet 34 and the exhaust outlet 34 corresponding thereto. The resistance is reduced, and the combustion exhaust gas is smoothly exhausted.
[0057]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the exhaust passage enlarged outlet portion 296b is formed near the exhaust outlet 34 of the combustion exhaust gas passage 296 where the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 is disposed. The passage resistance is reduced, and the increase in the exhaust passage resistance due to the parallel arrangement of the flue gas passages in the limited width space on the upper surface side and the outer surface side of the heat exchanger can be mitigated. In addition, the space saving in the height direction of the apparatus can be fully utilized, and a heat exchange apparatus that is more compact than the conventional technique or the invention of the first embodiment can be provided.
[0058]
(Example 6)
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a heat exchange portion of a water heater that is a heat exchange device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically illustrating a cross section of the heat exchange portion of the water heater. The present embodiment is different from the first and second embodiments in that the flue gas passage in which the latent heat recovery heat exchanger is arranged is configured by arranging parallel left and right passages and a through hole is provided in the middle of the left and right partition plates. 4. Unlike the invention of the fifth embodiment, other parts having the same configuration and operation and effect will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 6, FIGS. A detailed description is omitted, and different points are mainly described.
[0059]
The flue gas passage 296 in which the latent heat recovery heat exchangers 28 are arranged in the left and right passages is configured by arranging parallel left and right passages along the back side which is one of the upper surface side and the outer side surface of the heat exchanger 24, A plurality of through holes 90 are provided in a portion along the rear side of the heat exchanger 24 in the middle of the left and right partition plates 32a arranged in the middle of the outer shell 32a, and a portion of the flue gas flowing through the right passage of the flue gas passage 296 is formed. By bypassing the section to the left passage, the exhaust passage resistance is reduced. The reason for this configuration is the same as that of the fifth embodiment, and the left and right passages are arranged in parallel in a limited space of a fixed width on the upper surface side and the outer surface side of the heat exchanger 24. As a result, the width space is narrower than in the inventions of Embodiments 1 to 3, which are the flue gas exhaust passages of the upper and lower passages, and the increase in the exhaust passage resistance at a certain length is alleviated as much as possible. It is configured so that it can be performed.
[0060]
The operation and operation of the heat exchange device configured as described above will be described below. Since the flow of the combustion exhaust gas and the operation and effect in the hot water supply operation are the same as those in the fourth embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted. Then, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the flue gas that has exchanged heat with the heat exchanger 24 enters the right passage of the flue gas passage 296 as indicated by a dotted arrow (solid arrow in FIG. 10), and recovers latent heat. Flows through a right passage in which a latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28a along the upper surface side of the heat exchanger 24, which is the right portion of the heat exchanger 24, and a latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28b along the rear surface side. The direction is changed and flows into the left passage of the flue gas passage 296.
[0061]
Further, the combustion exhaust gas is further divided into a latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28b along the back side of the heat exchanger 24 of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 and a latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28a along the upper surface side in the left passage of the combustion exhaust gas passage 296. It flows through the left passage of the arranged flue gas passage 29 and is discharged to the outside of the casing 35 through the exhaust outlet 34 and the exhaust port 36. Thus, the latent heat recovery heat exchange is performed by the flue gas after heating the heat exchanger 24. The heater 28 is heated to become warm water slightly higher than normal temperature, flows out of the heat transfer tube outlet 30b of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28, and passes through the hot water tube 37 to the transfer of the hot water supply heat exchanger 24 as a secondary heat exchanger. The heat flows from the inlet 26a of the heat pipe 26 into the heat exchanger 24, is further heated to a predetermined temperature by the combustion gas, becomes hot water, and flows out from the heat transfer pipe outlet 26b. The latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28 mainly recovers latent heat of condensation of steam in the combustion gas.
[0062]
In such a flow of the combustion exhaust gas, it enters the right passage of the combustion exhaust gas passage 296 and exchanges heat with the latent heat recovery heat exchange portion 28a along the upper surface side of the heat exchanger 24 which is the right portion of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger 28. A part of the flue gas indicated by the solid arrow passes through the plurality of through-holes 90 and enters the left passage of the flue gas passage 296 and bypasses the connection portion 296a. Exhaust gas is smoothly exhausted.
[0063]
As described above, in the present embodiment, since the flue gas passage 296 is constituted by left and right passages arranged in parallel, a plurality of through-holes 90 are provided in the left and right partition plate 32a provided in the middle of the outer shell 31a to form a U-turn portion. Since the connecting portion 296a is bypassed, the exhaust passage resistance can be reduced as compared with the fourth embodiment, the exhaust efficiency can be increased, and a latent heat recovery device that is more compact than the conventional technology can be provided.
[0064]
In the above-described embodiment, a plurality of through holes 90 are provided in a line along the back surface of the heat exchanger 24 in a row, but the number, arrangement, and direction are not limited to this. In each of the above embodiments, the exhaust outlets 34 of the flue gas passages 29 and 296 and the exhaust port 36 of the casing 35 are separately shown. However, the flue gas passages 29 and 296 are extended and the exhaust outlet 34 is directly connected to the casing. It is also good as an exhaust port of the body 35.
[0065]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a heat exchange device with a compact device and improved thermal efficiency.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a water heater according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a heat exchange portion of the water heater according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic cross section of a heat exchange portion of the water heater in the first embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic cross section of a heat exchange part of a water heater in a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a schematic cross section of a heat exchange part of a water heater in a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a heat exchange part of a water heater according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7A is a diagram showing a schematic cross section on the right side of a heat exchange part of a water heater in the fourth embodiment.
(B) Diagram showing a schematic cross section on the left side of the heat exchange portion of the water heater in the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 8A is a perspective view of a heat exchange part of a water heater according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
(B) Transverse sectional view taken along line FF of FIG. 8 (a).
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a heat exchange part of a water heater according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a schematic cross section of a heat exchange portion of a water heater in the sixth embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a water heater in a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
21 Burner (combustor)
24 heat exchanger
28 Latent heat recovery heat exchanger
28a, 28b Latent heat recovery heat exchange part
29,296 flue gas passage
29a, 296a connection part
29b corrugated passage
32a left and right partition
50 Exhaust passage enlargement
296b Exhaust passage enlarged outlet
90 Through hole

Claims

燃焼器と、前記燃焼器により加熱される熱交換器と、前記熱交換器の入口に接続するとともに、前記燃焼器の燃焼排ガス通路に設け、燃焼排ガス中の水蒸気の凝縮潜熱を回収する潜熱回収熱交換器とを備え、前記潜熱回収熱交換器は、前記熱交換器の上面側および外側面側に沿って設けた熱交換装置。A combustor, a heat exchanger heated by the combustor, and a latent heat recovery device connected to an inlet of the heat exchanger and provided in a flue gas passage of the combustor for recovering latent heat of condensation of water vapor in the flue gas. A heat exchanger, wherein the latent heat recovery heat exchanger is provided along an upper surface side and an outer surface side of the heat exchanger.

潜熱回収熱交換器を設けた燃焼排ガス通路は、熱交換器の上面側および外側面側に沿って上下通路に形成し、かつ前記上下通路の接続部をＵターン部としてなる請求項１記載の熱交換装置。The flue gas passage provided with the latent heat recovery heat exchanger is formed as a vertical passage along the upper surface side and the outer surface side of the heat exchanger, and a connection portion of the vertical passage is a U-turn portion. Heat exchange equipment.

潜熱回収熱交換器を設けた燃焼排ガス通路は、その途中に波形状通路を設けてなる請求項１または請求項２記載の熱交換装置。The heat exchange device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flue gas passage provided with the latent heat recovery heat exchanger is provided with a corrugated passage in the middle thereof.

潜熱回収熱交換器を設けた燃焼排ガス通路は、通路抵抗の大なる部分に排気通路拡大部を設けてなる請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の熱交換装置。The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flue gas passage provided with the latent heat recovery heat exchanger is provided with an enlarged exhaust passage at a portion where passage resistance is large.

潜熱回収熱交換器を設けた燃焼排ガス通路は、平行な左右通路で形成し、かつ前記左右通路の接続部をＵターン部としてなる請求項１または請求項３または請求項４記載の熱交換装置。5. The heat exchange device according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas passage provided with the latent heat recovery heat exchanger is formed of parallel left and right passages, and a connecting portion between the left and right passages is a U-turn portion. .

潜熱回収熱交換器を設けた燃焼排ガス通路は、テーパ状の排気通路拡大出口部を形成してなる請求項５記載の熱交換装置。The heat exchange device according to claim 5, wherein the flue gas passage provided with the latent heat recovery heat exchanger has a tapered exhaust passage enlarged outlet portion.

潜熱回収熱交換器を設けた燃焼排ガス通路は、左右通路の左右仕切り板の途中に貫通孔を設けてなる請求項５または請求項６記載の熱交換装置。7. The heat exchange device according to claim 5, wherein the flue gas passage provided with the latent heat recovery heat exchanger is provided with a through hole in the middle of the left and right partition plates of the left and right passages.