JP2004244880A

JP2004244880A - Seeding and planting method for slope face and net form for slope protection frame used therefor

Info

Publication number: JP2004244880A
Application number: JP2003034563A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Yoichiro Kato; 洋一郎加藤; Kenzo Saito; 建三斉藤; Mitsuhiro Yoshida; 光博吉田; Naoki Tokunaga; 直樹徳永; Yukio Azuma; 行夫東; Naoki Horie; 直樹堀江
Original assignee: Nittoc Constructions Co Ltd; Okabe Co Ltd
Current assignee: Nittoc Constructions Co Ltd; Okabe Co Ltd
Priority date: 2003-02-13
Filing date: 2003-02-13
Publication date: 2004-09-02

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seeding and planting method for a slope face, and a form for a slope protection frame used therefor for allowing spraying work of reinforcing earth from the upper side (the high side) of the slope face, banking the reinforcing earth including continuous fiber without generating a void between slope protection frames, surely holding the reinforcing earth between the slope protection frames without flowing down on the slope face, and allowing seeding and planting as the whole slope face. <P>SOLUTION: In this seeding and planting method for the slope face 2, a horizontal frame 1 having a triangular cross section is arranged in a plurality of stages on the slope face 2 of the natural ground, and the horizontal frame 1 is composed of a ground side surface, a valley side surface and a mountain side surface, and the reinforcing earth 5 including the continuous fiber 3 is banked on the upper side slope face of the respective horizontal frames. The respective horizontal frames 1 are arranged on the slope face 2 so that the valley side surface becomes the vertical direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、法面の緑化方法に関し、特に連続繊維が含まれる補強土を用いた法面の緑化方法及びこれに用いる法枠用網型枠に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
法面を安定化するために法枠工が用いられている。これは、地山斜面に矩形断面の法枠用型枠を平行あるいは格子状に設置し、この型枠内にコンクリート（又はモルタル）を現場で打設するものである。このような法枠工においては、法面の安定性を確保するとともに、できる限り周辺の環境との調和を図ることが要求される。このため法枠間を植生する植生工による緑化が図られている。
【０００３】
この植生工を施す際に客土を法面に盛り付けるが、そのまま盛り付けたのでは客土が法面を滑り落ちてしまい、法面全体の植生を図ることが困難であった。このため、連続した合成繊維等を含ませた補強土を各法枠間に盛り付けることにより、客土の滑り落ちを防止している（例えば特許文献１）。
【０００４】
この特許文献１に記載の補強土を用いる方法は、連続した合成繊維等と砂を水とともに噴射して法面に吹きつけるものである。しかしながらこの方法は、地山の下側（麓側、低い側）から盛り付けながら吹き付けるため、地山の上側（頂側、高い側）を作業する場合は下側から補強土を積み上げていかなければならなかった。通常、崩れやすい法面の安定作業は地山の上側から行うため、このような場所にこの方法をそのまま適用することは困難であった。
【０００５】
そこで、この特許文献１に記載の方法を上述した法枠工とともに用いることにより、斜面に複数段の横枠を設けて地山の上側からの作業を可能とすることが考えられる。すなわち、複数段の法枠を形成する上段側の横枠の山側から補強土を盛り付けることにより地山の上側での作業が可能となる。また、盛り付けられた補強土は土粒子と連続繊維とが緊密に結合しているため法面を滑り落ちることなく法枠間の植生を図ることができる。
【０００６】
図４は上記従来の法枠を使用した場合に考えられる法面の断面図である。
図示したように、法面５１に法枠５２が形成され、各法枠５２間に補強土５３が盛り付けられる。補強土５３は連続繊維５４と土砂５５からなり、地山上に吹き付けて盛り付けられる。しかし、法枠５２は矩形断面形状であるので、連続繊維５４を地山上に法枠の高さまで吹きつけた場合、各法枠５２の谷側部分（図のＰ部分）に連続繊維５４が充填されず、この部分の土砂が下方に滑り落ちて空隙を生じ、強度が不安定となり、法枠５２間の緑化の生育のための客土としては好ましくなかった。また、補強土５３を法枠５２間に盛り付けた後、その上側表面を覆って養分や種が混入された緑化材（植生基材）５６を敷く際、法枠５２の上側表面部分に直接蒔かれた種は根の伸張する場所がないので、この部分のみ植生の繁茂が貧弱となり、法面全体としての緑化を図ることが困難であり、見栄えが悪いものであった。また、この緑化材が前述した空隙内に陥没することも懸念される。
【０００７】
なお、特許文献２に断面形状が半円形や三角形の法枠が記載されているが、この法枠を用いて単に連続繊維を含む補強土を法枠間に盛り付けることは適切ではない。すなわち、特許文献２に記載された形状の三角形の法枠を法面に設置してその山側に補強土を盛り付けた場合、法枠の山側の面は水平に近く又は水平より下向き（麓向き）に下がるように傾斜するため、法枠の山側の面に盛り付けられた補強土が流れ落ちる可能性があり、確実に保持することができないおそれがある。
【０００８】
【特許文献１】
特開２０００−３１９８８８号公報
【特許文献２】
特許第２５９６５３３号公報
【０００９】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記従来技術を考慮したものであって、法面の上部側（高い側）から補強土の吹付け作業を可能とし、法枠間に空隙を生じることなく連続繊維が含まれる補強土を盛り付けることができ、補強土が法面を流れ落ちることなく確実に法枠間に保持することができ、法面全体としての緑化を図ることができる法面の緑化方法及びこれに用いる法枠用型枠の提供を目的とする。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成するため、本発明では、地山の法面に断面が三角形状の横枠を複数段設け、該横枠は、地盤側の面と、谷側の面と、山側の面とからなり、各横枠の上側の法面に連続繊維が含まれる補強土を盛り付ける法面の緑化方法であって、前記谷側の面が鉛直方向となるように各横枠を前記法面に設置することを特徴とする法面の緑化方法を提供する。
【００１１】
この構成によれば、三角形断面の法枠（横枠）の谷側の面が鉛直方向（重力の方向）になるので、法枠の谷側部分に対しても隙間を生じることなく連続繊維を含む補強土を盛り付けることが可能となり、地山全体を均一に緑化することができる。この三角形断面の法枠を法面上に複数段設けることにより、法面の上段側からの補強土盛り付け作業が可能となり安定した盛り付けができ作業性が向上する。
【００１２】
また、法枠が三角形断面形状であるため、その頂部まで補強土を盛り付ければ法枠全体が補強土で覆われ、補強土の上から植生基材を敷いたときに、種子が法枠面に邪魔されることなく成長して根が補強土内に入り込み、斜面全体をムラなく緑化することができる。
【００１３】
また、三角形断面の法枠を用いるため、使用するコンクリートの量が少なくてすみ、作業時間の短縮か図られ、作業性がよくなるとともにコストの低減が図られる。また、法枠は補強土の保持機能だけでなく、アンカーバーやロックボルトなどとの併用により斜面押圧材として機能し、斜面の安定化に寄与する。
【００１４】
好ましい構成例においては、前記山側の面が法面に対して垂直になるように前記横枠を設置することを特徴としている。
【００１５】
この構成によれば、法枠の山側の面が法面に対し垂直であるため、この山側の面に盛り付けられた補強土は確実に法枠により保持されるので補強土が法面を流れ落ちることを防止することができる。
【００１６】
好ましい構成例においては、法面の少なくとも横方向に、複数のアンカーバーを適宜間隔を設けてその上部が突出するように地盤に固定し、該アンカーバーの設置後、山側は斜面の角度に対して垂直となり、谷側は重力に対して垂直となる断面が三角状の網型枠を前記アンカーバー上に設置して前記アンカーバーの突出部を該網型枠内に突出させるとともに該網型枠を地盤に固定し、前記複数のアンカーバーを連結する鉄筋をアンカーバーの突出部に固定し、前記網型枠を三角形状に組立て、前記網型枠の山側の網目の外側から型枠内にコンクリート又はモルタルを吹付け硬化して複数段の横方向の法枠を構築し、その各々の法枠の山側の面から上段の法枠に向かって法面上に砂と連続繊維とを水とともに噴射し混合した連続繊維補強土を打設して該法面を三角形状の網型枠の頂点まで連続繊維補強土で覆い、その後この連続繊維補強土の上にラス網を設置し、植生基材を吹付けることを特徴としている。
【００１７】
この構成によれば、地山にアンカーバーを打ち込み、このアンカーバー上に網型枠を設置してアンカーバーに又は補助バーを用いて網型枠を固定し、さらに鉄筋を設けることにより通常の斜面安定化用の法枠と同様に強固な三角形断面の法枠構造が得られる。法面上に三角形状に突出する網型枠の山側の面は法面に垂直であり、この山側の面の枠材を通してコンクリートを吹き付けることにより容易にコンクリート打設作業ができ、硬化後はこの山側の面で補強土を確実に受けて保持することができる。
【００１８】
また、本発明では、断面が三角形状の法枠形成用の網型枠であって、前記地盤側の面を形成する型枠部材と、谷側の面を形成する型枠部材と、山側の面を形成する型枠部材とからなり、各型枠部材同士は、相互に回動して折畳み可能に連結されたことを特徴とする法面の緑化方法を実施するための網型枠を提供する。
【００１９】
この構成によれば、形成された法枠はほぼ断面三角形状となり、法面に吹き付けられた緑化材の種が発芽した際、根の伸長場所が確実に確保される。法枠用の網型枠は運搬時には折畳んで平面形状とすることができるので保管や移送が容易となる。また、山側の型枠部材を法面側の型枠部材に対して調節可能に取付けられる構造とすれば、法面の斜度に応じて型枠の角度を調節することができる。また、断面矩形の法枠に比べて法枠形成の際のコンクリート又はモルタル量を少なくすることができるので、作業時間の短縮、作業性の向上及びコスト低減が図られる。
【００２０】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１は本発明に係る法枠用型枠を用いた法枠を使用して植生工を施した法面の断面図であり、図２はその施工の説明図である。
図１に示すように、本発明に係る法枠用網型枠（図３参照）を用いて形成された法枠１は断面がほぼ直角三角形状であり、谷側の辺が鉛直（重力）方向となっており、山側の辺が法面２に対して直角となるように形成される。このような法枠（横枠）１は法面２上に複数段設けられる。上下の法枠１間には連続繊維３と土砂４からなる補強土５が盛り付けられ、補強土５の上は土と養分と種からなる植生基材（緑化材）６で覆われる。
【００２１】
この法面を形成する本発明に係る法面の緑化方法について説明する。
法面２に対し、アンカーバー７を各段の法枠ごとに横方向（図面に垂直方向）に所定間隔を隔てて地盤に固定する。このアンカーバー７の頂部は法面上に突出させ、この頂部に本発明に係る法枠用網型枠８（図３参照）を設置する。網型枠８の法面側（地盤側）の型枠部材１１は法面に固定される。この固定は棒状の補助バー（不図示）を地盤に打ち込んで補助バーと法面側の型枠部材１１を結束して固定してもよいし、あるいはＵ字状に折り曲げた補助バーに金網を引っ掛けて地盤に折込むことにより固定してもよい。又はアンカーバー７の頂部に型枠部材１１を結束してもよいし、ねじ等の固定手段を設けてこの固定手段にナット等を用いて法面側の型枠部材１１を固定してもよいし、これらを併用してもよい。また、型枠内に鉄筋（不図示）を配設し、アンカーバー７と結束固定してもよい。これにより、この後、型枠内にコンクリート又はモルタルを打設することにより、地盤を押えつけることができるので、地山の安定に寄与することができる。次に、網型枠８の谷側の型枠部材９が鉛直（重力）方向となり、山側の型枠部材１０が法面に対して垂直になるように三角形状の網型枠８を組み立てる。
【００２２】
網型枠８内にコンクリート又はモルタルを打設する。これにより法枠１が形成される。このとき、法枠１は断面三角形状の型枠なので、断面矩形の法枠に比べコンクリート等の量は少なくてすむ。また、最初に法面側の型枠部材１１上にコンクリートを充填したとき、その自重により網型枠８が安定して法面上に起立状態に保持される。法枠１は法面２に対して複数段形成される（図では３段）。法枠が硬化した後、法枠１間に補強土５を盛り付ける。補強土５は連続繊維３と土砂４からなり、土砂４はノズル１２から、連続繊維３はエジェクタ１３からそれぞれ吹き付けられる。
【００２３】
具体的には、土砂４はコンプレッサからの圧縮空気とともに吹付機（不図示）に供給され、この吹付機に備わるホース１４のノズル１２から噴射される。連続繊維３は、繊維が巻かれた供給装置（スレッドフィーダ）から供給管理装置を介してエジェクタ１３に供給される。また、エジェクタ１３には水タンクから高圧ポンプによる高圧水（不図示）が同時に供給され、連続繊維３とともに噴射される。連続繊維３は通常複数本（図では４本）エジェクタ１３から噴射される。このようにして水と土砂４と連続繊維３を混合して法面２に吹き付けることにより、補強土５が法面２に盛り付けられる。
【００２４】
この補強土の盛り付け作業は、各法枠１を受け棚として、各法枠１の山側の面から吹き付けて法面上を順次上方に向かって盛り付ける。法枠を複数段設けることにより、法面上の上段側の法枠から補強土の盛り付けが可能となり、法面の上部側から下部側に向かって段階的に下がりながら補強土の盛り付け作業ができ、上部斜面を安定させながら安全性の高い作業ができる。このとき、法枠１の山側の面は法面に対してほぼ垂直であるため、吹き付けられた補強土を確実に受け止めることができる。しががって、補強土５が法枠１に沿って流れて盛り付けた補強土が崩壊することがない。
【００２５】
連続繊維３及び土砂４はほぼ鉛直方向上側から法面２に対して吹き付けられる。このとき、法枠１の谷側の面は鉛直方向であるので、法枠の谷側面に盛り付けを行う場合連続繊維３が法枠１と補強土充填部分の境までいきわたるので、法枠１間に盛り付けられた補強土５が法枠の谷側で陥没したり境部分に空隙を生じることがなくなる。さらに時間の経過においても崩壊する恐れもなくなり、永続的な緑化を実現することができる。
【００２６】
このように法枠１を用いて補強土５を盛り付けるので、地山の下側Ｂが不整地であっても上側から順次下側に向かって作業が可能であり、安全性の高い作業を行うことができる。なお、図では横枠のみ示すが、縦枠を併用してもよい。
【００２７】
補強土５を盛り付けた後、その上にラス網等を設置し、植生基材６を吹き付ける。法枠１の上側の植生基材６から植物が成長した場合、法枠１は断面三角形状なのでその根は法枠の谷側あるいは山側の面に沿って補強土５に確実に伸長するので法面全体の植物が均一に繁茂し、美しい景観を得ることができる。
【００２８】
図３は本発明に係る法枠用網型枠の概略斜視図である。
図示したように、網型枠８は前述したように谷側の型枠部材９、山側の型枠部材１０及び法面側の型枠部材１１で構成される。なお、実際の網型枠８は横方向（図の手前、奥方向）に長いものである。谷側の型枠部材９に対し、山側の型枠部材１０及び法面側の型枠部材１１が回動自在に取付けられる。これにより、各型枠部材９，１０，１１同士が折畳み可能に連結される。谷側の型枠部材９は法枠を形成する際のコンクリート又はモルタルが網目から流れないくらいの横線１６及び縦線１７による網目形状を有する。山側の型枠部材１０はこれを通してコンクリート等を打設できる程度の間隔を設けて横線２０と縦線２１を交差させる。なお、横線２０は省略してもよい。法面側の型枠部材１１は前述したアンカーバーの頂部等が突出できるような間隔を設けて横線１８と縦線１９を交差させて形成する。
【００２９】
網型枠８を法面に設置して組み立てるときは山側の型枠部材１０の縦線２１端部に備わるフック１５を法面側の型枠部材１１の横線１８等に引っ掛けて形成する。この山側の型枠部材１０は山側面からコンクリートを吹き付けたときに谷側面の型枠部材が押し開かれないように谷側の型枠部材９と法面側の型枠部材１１の間隔を維持するためのものである。このフック１５の引っ掛ける位置を変更することにより、山側の型枠部材１０の法面に対する角度を調節できるので、現場に応じて法面に垂直になるよう調節して設置することができる。このフック１５による連結に代えて他の手段を用いてもよい。また、法面側の型枠部材１１に谷側の型枠部材９及び山側の型枠部材１０を回動自在に取付けて、フック１５を谷側の型枠部材９に取付けるような構造としてもよい。このように、網型枠８は移動時や保管時に折畳んで型枠部材９，１０，１１を１枚の平面形状として取扱うことができるので、作業が容易となる。
【００３０】
なお、網型枠８は谷側の型枠部材９及び法面側の型枠部材１１のみで形成してもよい。この場合、網型枠８を法面に設置した際Ｌ字形状（Ｖ字に近い形状）となるように形成する。この網型枠８は予めＬ字形状として形成して、現場で法面の斜度に合わせて型枠部材９，１１の角度を曲げたり戻したりして調整できるような構造とする。また、Ｌ字形状の型枠を用いた場合でもコンクリート等の打設時の開き止めのための繋ぎ部材を設けてもよい。
【００３１】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明では、網型枠を直角三角形断面として、斜辺側を鉛直方向に配置して法面に設置することができるのでこの網型枠を用いて形成された法枠の谷側部分が鉛直になり連続繊維を含む補強土を鉛直上方から隙間なく盛り付けることが可能となり、地山全体をムラなく緑化することができる。
【００３２】
また、法枠の山側が法面に垂直となるため、山側に盛り付けられた補強土は確実に法枠により保持されるので補強土が法面を流れ落ちることを防止することができる。
【００３３】
また、形成された法枠はほぼ断面直角三角形状となり、その頂部まで補強土を盛り付けてその上面に緑化材を敷くことにより、緑化材の種が発芽した際、根の伸長場所が確実に確保される。法枠用網型枠は運搬時には折畳んで平面形状とすることができるので保管や移送が容易となる。また、山側の型枠部材を法面側の型枠部材に対して調節可能に取付けられる構造とすれば、法面の斜度に応じて網型枠の角度を調節することができる。また、断面矩形の法枠に比べて法枠形成の際のコンクリート又はモルタル量を少なくすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る法枠用型枠を用いた法枠を使用して植生工を施した法面の断面図。
【図２】その施工の説明図。
【図３】本発明に係る法枠用型枠の概略斜視図。
【図４】従来の法枠を使用した場合に考えられる法面の断面図。
【符号の説明】
１：法枠、２：法面、３：連続繊維、４：土砂、５：補強土、６：植生基材、
７：アンカーバー、８：網型枠、９：谷側の型枠部材、１０：山側の型枠部材、
１１：法面側の型枠部材、１２：ノズル、１３：エジェクタ、
１４：ホース、１５：フック、１６：横線、１７：縦線、１８：横線、
１９：縦線、２０：横線、２１：縦線。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for greening a slope, and more particularly, to a method for greening a slope using a reinforcing soil containing continuous fibers and a net form for a sloping frame used in the method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to stabilize the slope, the method of framing is used. In this method, a formwork for a rectangular frame having a rectangular cross section is installed in parallel or in a lattice on a slope of a ground, and concrete (or mortar) is cast into the formwork on site. In such a method, it is required to ensure the stability of the slope and to harmonize with the surrounding environment as much as possible. For this reason, greening is being pursued by vegetation works that vegetate between law frames.
[0003]
When the vegetation work is performed, the soil is put on the slope, but if it is put on as it is, the soil slides down the slope, making it difficult to vegetate the entire slope. For this reason, reinforcing soil containing continuous synthetic fibers and the like is provided between the legal frames to prevent slippage of the customer soil (for example, Patent Document 1).
[0004]
In the method using the reinforcing soil described in Patent Document 1, continuous synthetic fibers and the like and sand are sprayed together with water and sprayed on a slope. However, in this method, since the spray is applied from the bottom of the ground (foot side, low side) while it is sprayed, when working on the top side of the ground (top side, high side), the reinforcing soil had to be piled up from the bottom side. . Usually, stable work on a slope that is easily broken is performed from the top of the ground, so it is difficult to apply this method to such a place as it is.
[0005]
Therefore, by using the method described in Patent Document 1 together with the above-described method, it is conceivable to provide a plurality of horizontal frames on the slope to enable work from above the ground. That is, the work on the upper side of the ground can be performed by arranging the reinforcing soil from the mountain side of the upper horizontal frame forming the plurality of legal frames. In addition, since the soil particles and the continuous fibers are tightly bonded to each other, the vegetation between the stakes can be achieved without sliding down the slope.
[0006]
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a slope that can be considered when the above-described conventional slope is used.
As shown in the drawing, a law frame 52 is formed on a slope 51, and a reinforcing soil 53 is provided between the law frames 52. The reinforcing soil 53 is composed of continuous fibers 54 and earth and sand 55, and is sprayed and laid on the ground. However, since the normal frame 52 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape, when the continuous fibers 54 are sprayed on the ground to the height of the normal frame, the continuous fibers 54 fill the valley-side portions (P portions in the figure) of each normal frame 52. However, the earth and sand in this portion slipped downward to form voids, and the strength became unstable, which was not preferable as a soil for growing greening between the legal frames 52. Also, after the reinforcing soil 53 is laid between the legal frames 52, when the greening material (vegetation base material) 56 mixed with nutrients and seeds is laid over the upper surface thereof, it is directly sown on the upper surface portion of the legal frame 52. Since there was no place for the roots to grow, the vegetation was poor in this area, and it was difficult to green the slope as a whole, and the appearance was poor. In addition, there is a concern that the greening material may sink into the above-described space.
[0007]
Patent Document 2 describes a method frame having a semicircular or triangular cross-sectional shape. However, it is not appropriate to simply use the method frame to simply fill a reinforcing soil containing continuous fibers between the method frames. That is, when a triangular sloping frame of the shape described in Patent Document 2 is installed on a slope and reinforcing soil is provided on the hill side, the hill side surface of the sloping frame is close to horizontal or lower than horizontal (toward the foot). As a result, there is a possibility that the reinforcing soil provided on the mountain-side surface of the legal frame may flow down, and there is a possibility that the soil cannot be securely held.
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-319888 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent No. 2596533
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned conventional technology, and enables a spraying operation of a reinforcing soil from an upper side (high side) of a slope, and a reinforcing soil including continuous fibers without forming a gap between slopes. And a method for revegetating a slope, which can reliably retain the reinforcing soil between the slopes without falling down the slope, and greening of the slope as a whole, and a slope frame used for the method. The purpose is to provide formwork.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a plurality of horizontal frames having a triangular cross section are provided on the slope of the ground, and the horizontal frame has a ground-side surface, a valley-side surface, and a mountain-side surface. It is a method of greening a slope that includes reinforcing soil containing continuous fibers on an upper slope of each horizontal frame, wherein each horizontal frame is formed on the slope so that the valley-side surface is in a vertical direction. Provided is a method of greening a slope characterized by installation.
[0011]
According to this configuration, since the valley-side surface of the triangular-shaped normal frame (horizontal frame) is in the vertical direction (the direction of gravity), continuous fibers can be formed without gaps even in the valley-side portion of the normal frame. It becomes possible to put the reinforcing soil including, and the whole ground can be greened uniformly. By providing a plurality of steps of the triangular cross section on the slope, reinforcing earth embedding work can be performed from the upper side of the slope, and stable embedding can be performed, thereby improving workability.
[0012]
In addition, since the law frame has a triangular cross-sectional shape, if the reinforcing soil is provided up to the top, the entire law frame is covered with the reinforcing soil, and when the vegetation base material is laid on the reinforcing soil, the seeds The roots enter the reinforced soil without being disturbed by the soil, and the entire slope can be greened evenly.
[0013]
Further, since a triangular frame is used, the amount of concrete to be used can be reduced, work time can be shortened, workability can be improved, and cost can be reduced. In addition to the function of holding the reinforcing soil, the legal frame functions as a slope pressing material when used in combination with an anchor bar, a lock bolt, or the like, and contributes to stabilization of the slope.
[0014]
In a preferred configuration example, the horizontal frame is set so that the surface on the mountain side is perpendicular to a slope.
[0015]
According to this configuration, since the slope-side surface of the slope is perpendicular to the slope, the reinforcing soil laid on the slope-side surface is securely held by the slope, so that the reinforcing soil flows down the slope. Can be prevented.
[0016]
In a preferred configuration example, at least in the lateral direction of the slope, a plurality of anchor bars are provided at appropriate intervals and fixed to the ground so that the upper portion protrudes, and after the anchor bars are installed, the mountain side is inclined with respect to the angle of the slope. The valley side has a triangular mesh frame which is perpendicular to the gravitational force. A mesh frame having a triangular cross section is installed on the anchor bar so that the projection of the anchor bar projects into the mesh frame. A frame is fixed to the ground, a reinforcing bar connecting the plurality of anchor bars is fixed to a projecting portion of the anchor bar, and the mesh form is assembled into a triangular shape. Concrete or mortar is sprayed and hardened to construct a multi-stage horizontal frame, and sand and continuous fibers are poured on the slope from the mountain-side surface of each law frame toward the upper frame. With continuous fiber reinforced soil injected and mixed with To the 該法 surface to the vertex of the triangular mesh formwork covered with FRP reinforced soil, after which the lath is placed on top of the continuous fiber reinforced soil is characterized by spraying the vegetation substrate.
[0017]
According to this configuration, the anchor bar is driven into the ground, a mesh frame is installed on the anchor bar, the mesh frame is fixed to the anchor bar or using the auxiliary bar, and a reinforcing bar is provided. As in the case of the slope stabilizing law frame, a firm triangular cross section legal frame structure is obtained. The mountain-side surface of the mesh form that protrudes in a triangular shape on the slope is perpendicular to the slope, and concrete can be easily poured by spraying concrete through the frame material on this mountain-side surface. The reinforced soil can be reliably received and held on the mountain side surface.
[0018]
Further, in the present invention, a mesh frame for forming a normal frame having a triangular cross section, a frame member forming the ground-side surface, a mold frame member forming the valley-side surface, and a mountain-side A formwork member for forming a surface, wherein the formwork members are connected to each other so as to be pivotable and foldable with each other. I do.
[0019]
According to this configuration, the formed legal frame has a substantially triangular cross section, and when the seeds of the greening material sprayed on the slope germinate, the place where the root elongates can be reliably secured. The net frame for the legal frame can be folded into a planar shape during transportation, so that storage and transfer are easy. In addition, if the mountain-side mold member is configured to be adjustable to the slope-side mold member, the angle of the mold can be adjusted according to the slope of the slope. Further, since the amount of concrete or mortar at the time of forming the legal frame can be reduced as compared with the rectangular rectangular frame, the working time can be reduced, the workability can be improved, and the cost can be reduced.
[0020]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a slope subjected to vegetation using a legal form using the legal formwork according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the construction.
As shown in FIG. 1, a normal frame 1 formed by using a net frame for a normal frame according to the present invention (see FIG. 3) has a substantially right-angled triangular cross section, and the valley side is vertical (gravity). It is formed so that the side on the mountain side is perpendicular to the slope 2. Such a legal frame (horizontal frame) 1 is provided in a plurality of stages on the slope 2. A reinforcing soil 5 made of continuous fiber 3 and earth and sand 4 is provided between the upper and lower legal frames 1, and the reinforcing soil 5 is covered with a vegetation base material (greening material) 6 made of soil, nutrients and seeds.
[0021]
The method for greening the slope according to the present invention for forming the slope will be described.
Anchor bars 7 are fixed to the ground at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction (perpendicular to the drawing) for each legal frame of each step with respect to the slope 2. The top of the anchor bar 7 is projected on the slope, and the net form frame 8 for the legal frame according to the present invention (see FIG. 3) is installed on the top. The form member 11 on the slope side (ground side) of the mesh form 8 is fixed to the slope. This fixing may be performed by driving a bar-shaped auxiliary bar (not shown) into the ground and binding and fixing the auxiliary bar and the formwork member 11 on the slope side, or a wire mesh may be attached to the U-shaped auxiliary bar. It may be fixed by hooking and folding into the ground. Alternatively, the form member 11 may be bound to the top of the anchor bar 7, or a fixing means such as a screw may be provided, and the form member 11 on the slope side may be fixed to the fixing means using a nut or the like. However, these may be used in combination. Further, a reinforcing bar (not shown) may be provided in the formwork and bound and fixed to the anchor bar 7. Thereby, after that, the ground can be pressed down by pouring concrete or mortar into the formwork, which can contribute to the stability of the ground. Next, the triangular mesh frame 8 is assembled so that the mold member 9 on the valley side of the mesh frame 8 is in the vertical (gravity) direction and the mold member 10 on the mountain side is perpendicular to the slope.
[0022]
Concrete or mortar is poured into the mesh form 8. Thereby, the legal frame 1 is formed. At this time, since the normal frame 1 is a mold having a triangular cross section, the amount of concrete or the like is smaller than that of a normal frame having a rectangular cross section. When concrete is first filled into the form member 11 on the slope side, the net form 8 is stably held on the slope by its own weight. The method frame 1 is formed in a plurality of steps with respect to the slope 2 (three steps in the figure). After the frame is hardened, reinforcing soil 5 is provided between the frames 1. The reinforcing soil 5 is composed of continuous fibers 3 and earth and sand 4, and the earth and sand 4 is sprayed from a nozzle 12 and the continuous fibers 3 are sprayed from an ejector 13, respectively.
[0023]
Specifically, the earth and sand 4 is supplied to a spraying machine (not shown) together with compressed air from a compressor, and is sprayed from a nozzle 12 of a hose 14 provided in the spraying machine. The continuous fibers 3 are supplied to the ejector 13 via a supply management device from a supply device (thread feeder) in which the fibers are wound. Further, high-pressure water (not shown) is simultaneously supplied to the ejector 13 from a water tank by a high-pressure pump and injected together with the continuous fibers 3. The continuous fibers 3 are usually ejected from a plurality (four in the figure) of ejectors 13. In this way, by mixing water, earth and sand 4 and continuous fiber 3 and spraying the mixture on slope 2, reinforcing soil 5 is provided on slope 2.
[0024]
In this reinforcing soil laying operation, each law frame 1 is used as a shelf and sprayed from the mountain-side surface of each law frame 1 to sequentially lay the law surface upward. By providing multiple steps, the reinforcement soil can be placed from the upper side of the slope on the slope, and the reinforcing soil can be placed while stepping down from the upper side of the slope to the lower side. Highly safe work can be performed while stabilizing the upper slope. At this time, the mountain-side surface of the slope 1 is substantially perpendicular to the slope, so that the blown reinforcing soil can be reliably received. Accordingly, the reinforcing soil 5 does not flow along the frame 1 and the reinforced soil that has been provided does not collapse.
[0025]
The continuous fiber 3 and the earth and sand 4 are sprayed on the slope 2 from substantially vertically above. At this time, since the valley side surface of the sill 1 is vertical, the continuous fibers 3 extend to the boundary between the sill 1 and the reinforcing soil filling portion when the sill is laid on the valley side of the sill. The reinforcing soil 5 provided on the sill does not collapse on the valley side of the sill frame or generate a gap at the boundary. Furthermore, there is no danger of collapse over time, and permanent greening can be realized.
[0026]
As described above, the reinforcing soil 5 is provided using the legal frame 1, so that even if the lower side B of the ground is irregular, the work can be sequentially performed from the upper side to the lower side, and a highly safe work can be performed. it can. Although only a horizontal frame is shown in the figure, a vertical frame may be used together.
[0027]
After the reinforcing soil 5 is provided, a lath net or the like is placed thereon, and the vegetation base material 6 is sprayed. When a plant grows from the vegetation base material 6 on the upper side of the legal frame 1, since the legal frame 1 has a triangular cross section, its roots surely extend to the reinforcing soil 5 along the valley side or the mountain side of the legal frame. The plants on the entire surface grow uniformly and a beautiful landscape can be obtained.
[0028]
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a mesh frame for a legal frame according to the present invention.
As shown in the figure, the mesh form 8 is composed of the form member 9 on the valley side, the form member 10 on the mountain side, and the form member 11 on the slope side, as described above. The actual mesh frame 8 is long in the horizontal direction (front and back in the figure). A mold member 10 on the mountain side and a mold member 11 on the side of the slope are rotatably attached to the mold member 9 on the valley side. As a result, the form members 9, 10, 11 are foldably connected to each other. The form member 9 on the valley side has a mesh shape with horizontal lines 16 and vertical lines 17 such that concrete or mortar does not flow from the mesh when forming the formwork. The horizontal side line 20 and the vertical line 21 intersect with the form member 10 on the mountain side at an interval such that concrete or the like can be poured through the mountain side. Note that the horizontal line 20 may be omitted. The form member 11 on the side of the slope is formed such that the horizontal line 18 and the vertical line 19 intersect with an interval such that the top of the anchor bar or the like can protrude.
[0029]
When assembling the net formwork 8 on the slope, the hook 15 provided at the end of the vertical line 21 of the formwork member 10 on the mountain side is hooked on the horizontal line 18 or the like of the formwork member 11 on the slope side. This crest-side formwork member 10 maintains the gap between the trough-side formwork member 9 and the slope-side formwork member 11 so that the formwork member on the valley side is not pushed open when concrete is sprayed from the crest side. It is for doing. By changing the hooking position of the hook 15, the angle of the mold member 10 on the mountain side with respect to the slope can be adjusted, so that it can be installed so as to be perpendicular to the slope according to the site. Instead of the connection by the hook 15, other means may be used. Also, a structure may be employed in which the valley-side form member 9 and the crest-side form member 10 are rotatably attached to the slope-side form member 11, and the hooks 15 are attached to the valley-side form member 9. Good. As described above, since the mesh form 8 can be folded during movement or storage so that the form members 9, 10, 11 can be handled as a single planar shape, the work is facilitated.
[0030]
The mesh form 8 may be formed only of the form members 9 on the valley side and the form members 11 on the slope side. In this case, when the net frame 8 is placed on the slope, it is formed in an L-shape (a shape close to a V-shape). The mesh frame 8 is formed in an L-shape in advance, and has a structure in which the angles of the frame members 9 and 11 can be adjusted by bending or returning the angle at the site according to the slope of the slope. Further, even when an L-shaped formwork is used, a connecting member may be provided to prevent opening when casting concrete or the like.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the present invention, the mesh frame is a right-angled triangular cross-section, and the oblique side can be arranged in the vertical direction to be installed on the slope, so that the mesh frame formed using this mesh frame is The valley side portion is vertical, so that the reinforcing soil containing continuous fibers can be laid from above vertically without a gap, and the entire ground can be greened without unevenness.
[0032]
In addition, since the mountain side of the slope is perpendicular to the slope, the reinforcing soil provided on the mountain side is reliably held by the slope, so that the reinforcing soil can be prevented from flowing down the slope.
[0033]
In addition, the formed legal frame has a substantially right-angled triangular cross section, and reinforcing soil is laid up to the top and the greening material is laid on the upper surface, so that when the seeds of the greening material germinate, the place where the roots elongate is securely secured. Is done. The net frame for the legal form can be folded into a planar shape during transportation, so that storage and transfer are facilitated. In addition, if the mountain-side form member is configured to be adjustably attached to the slope-side form member, the angle of the net form can be adjusted according to the slope of the slope. Further, the amount of concrete or mortar at the time of forming the legal frame can be reduced as compared with the legal frame having a rectangular cross section.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a slope subjected to vegetation using a legal form using a formwork for a form according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the construction.
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a mold frame for a legal frame according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a slope that can be considered when a conventional slope is used.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: law frame, 2: slope, 3: continuous fiber, 4: earth and sand, 5: reinforcing soil, 6: vegetation base material,
7: anchor bar, 8: net form member, 9: valley side form member, 10: ridge side form member,
11: Slope side mold member, 12: Nozzle, 13: Ejector,
14: hose, 15: hook, 16: horizontal line, 17: vertical line, 18: horizontal line,
19: vertical line, 20: horizontal line, 21: vertical line.

Claims

地山の法面に断面が三角形状の横枠を複数段設け、
該横枠は、地盤側の面と、谷側の面と、山側の面とからなり、
各横枠の上側の法面に連続繊維が含まれる補強土を盛り付ける法面の緑化方法であって、
前記谷側の面が鉛直方向となるように各横枠を前記法面に設置することを特徴とする法面の緑化方法。A plurality of triangular horizontal frames are provided on the slope of the ground,
The horizontal frame includes a ground-side surface, a valley-side surface, and a mountain-side surface,
A greening method for a slope, in which reinforcing soil containing continuous fibers is provided on an upper slope of each horizontal frame,
A method for greening a slope, wherein each horizontal frame is installed on the slope so that the valley-side surface is in a vertical direction.

前記山側の面が法面に対して垂直になるように前記横枠を設置することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の法面の緑化方法。The method for greening a slope according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal frame is installed so that the surface on the mountain side is perpendicular to the slope.

法面の少なくとも横方向に、複数のアンカーバーを適宜間隔を設けてその上部が突出するように地盤に固定し、該アンカーバーの設置後、山側は斜面の角度に対して垂直となり、谷側は重力に対して垂直となる断面が三角状の網型枠を前記アンカーバー上に設置して前記アンカーバーの突出部を該網型枠内に突出させるとともに該網型枠を地盤に固定し、前記複数のアンカーバーを連結する鉄筋をアンカーバーの突出部に固定し、前記網型枠を三角形状に組立て、前記網型枠の山側の網目の外側から型枠内にコンクリート又はモルタルを吹付け硬化して複数段の横方向の法枠を構築し、その各々の法枠の山側の面から上段の法枠に向かって法面上に砂と連続繊維とを水とともに噴射し混合した連続繊維補強土を打設して該法面を三角形状の網型枠の頂点まで連続繊維補強土で覆い、その後この連続繊維補強土の上にラス網を設置し、植生基材を吹付けることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の法面の緑化方法。At least in the lateral direction of the slope, a plurality of anchor bars are fixed to the ground so that their upper parts protrude at appropriate intervals, and after the anchor bars are installed, the mountain side becomes perpendicular to the angle of the slope, and the valley side. Is installed on the anchor bar with a triangular cross-section perpendicular to the gravity, the protrusion of the anchor bar is projected into the net form, and the net form is fixed to the ground. Fixing the reinforcing bars connecting the plurality of anchor bars to the protrusions of the anchor bars, assembling the mesh form into a triangular shape, and blowing concrete or mortar into the form from outside the mesh on the mountain side of the mesh form. Continuous hardening was performed by spraying and mixing sand and continuous fiber with water on the slope from the mountain side surface of each of the slopes to the upper one. Casting fiber reinforced soil and making the slope a triangular net To the top of the frame is covered with a continuous fiber reinforced soil, after which the lath is placed on top of the continuous fiber reinforced soil, planting method of slope of claim 1, wherein the spraying vegetation substrate.

断面が三角形状の法枠形成用の網型枠であって、前記地盤側の面を形成する型枠部材と、谷側の面を形成する型枠部材と、山側の面を形成する型枠部材とからなり、各型枠部材同士は、相互に回動して折畳み可能に連結されたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の法面の緑化方法を実施するための網型枠。A cross section is a mesh form for forming a normal frame having a triangular shape, a form member forming the ground side surface, a form member forming a valley side surface, and a form forming a mountain side surface. The net form for carrying out the method for greening a slope according to claim 1, wherein each of the form members comprises a member, and each of the form members is connected to each other so as to be rotatable and foldable.