JP2004209549A - Welding method of metal plating steel sheet - Google Patents

Welding method of metal plating steel sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004209549A
JP2004209549A JP2003126129A JP2003126129A JP2004209549A JP 2004209549 A JP2004209549 A JP 2004209549A JP 2003126129 A JP2003126129 A JP 2003126129A JP 2003126129 A JP2003126129 A JP 2003126129A JP 2004209549 A JP2004209549 A JP 2004209549A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
welding
steel sheet
gap
plated steel
steel plate
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JP2003126129A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoichi Mori
容一 森
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Nissan Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Priority to JP2003126129A priority Critical patent/JP2004209549A/en
Publication of JP2004209549A publication Critical patent/JP2004209549A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the method which can easily secure a space for discharging a vaporized metal in laser welding of a metal plating steel sheet. <P>SOLUTION: In order that a space in the maximum flying height of X is generated between two flange sections when one flange section 4 made of steel sheet and another flange section 5 made of metal plating steel sheet both of which are subjects for welding are lapped one over the other, a tip of one flange section 4 is beforehand bent obliquely from the part close to the welding position W which constitutes a bending base 6a, thereby forming an oblique part 6. By having the oblique part 6 stuck and held to the flange section 5 with the bending base 6a as a supporting point under the condition that the flange sections 4 and 5 are lapped one over the other, a space 8 as large as G is generated between the flange sections 4 and 5 at the welding position W. The welding position W is irradiated with a laser beam Lb for welding under the condition that the space 8 is generated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はめっき鋼板の溶接方法に関し、より詳しくは少なくとも二枚目がめっき鋼板である複数枚の鋼板を重ね合わせてレーザ溶接を施す方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
二枚以上の鋼板を重ね合わせてレーザ溶接を施す場合、鋼板自体がめっき鋼板であると溶接時の熱により鋼板表面のめっき層が蒸発して気体(金属蒸気)となり、そのまま溶接ビード内に気泡(ブローホール)となって残ることから溶接部の強度低下が危惧される。その対策として、溶接対象となる鋼板同士が完全密着していなければブローホールの発生は抑制できるとの知見のもとに、金属蒸気を外部へ排出するための誘導路となる隙間を鋼板同士の間に確保するようにした技術が特許文献1〜3等で提案されている。すなわち、特許文献1〜3等では、溶接対象となる鋼板同士の間に積極的に隙間を確保するために一方の鋼板に予め突起部を形成するようにしている。なお、特許文献1〜3以外にも特開昭61−27189号公報および特公平4−13077号公報に類似技術が記載されている。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開2001−162388号公報 (図2)
【0004】
【特許文献2】
特開平10−216974号公報 (図2)
【0005】
【特許文献3】
特開平10−193149号公報 (図2)
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
特許文献1〜3に代表されるような従来の技術では、鋼板同士の間に確保される誘導路としての隙間は突起部の高さ寸法に依存することから、突起部の加工のために余分な工数が必要となるだけでなく、突起部の高さ寸法を厳格に管理する必要があり、コストアップが余儀なくされる。
【0007】
本発明はこのような課題に着目してなされたものであり、より簡易な方法で従来技術と同等の機能が得られるようにしためっき鋼板の溶接方法を提供するものである。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1に記載の発明は、少なくとも二枚目がめっき鋼板である複数枚の鋼板を重ね合わせてレーザ溶接を施す方法において、溶接対象となる複数枚の鋼板同士を重ね合わせたときに一枚目と二枚目の鋼板同士の間に隙間が発生するように、その一枚目あるいは二枚目の鋼板の一部を溶接位置に近接する部分を折り曲げ基部として予め斜状に折り曲げておき、鋼板同士を重ね合わせた状態で折り曲げ基部を支点として斜状部を他方の鋼板に密着させて保持することにより、溶接位置において一枚目と二枚目の鋼板同士の間に隙間を発生させ、この隙間発生状態のもとで溶接位置にレーザ溶接を施すことを特徴とする。
【0009】
上記のめっき鋼板の表面に形成されるめっき層の代表的なものとしては、例えば亜鉛、ニッケル亜鉛合金、鉛、アルミニウム等の低融点金属のほか合金を挙げることができる。
【0010】
また、上記の溶接対象となる鋼板は、請求項7に記載のように例えば予め三次元形状に成形された自動車の車体パネル等とし、所定の三次元形状に成形する際に斜状部までも同時に成形するものとすれば、その斜状部だけのための特別な加工は一切必要としないことになる。
【0011】
さらに、上記折り曲げによる斜状部の最大浮上量は、その斜状部が形成される鋼板自体の板厚をtとしたときに0.6t〜1.25t程度の範囲に設定するものとし、同時に、斜状部を二枚目の鋼板に密着させて保持する手段は、機械的加圧拘束手段もしくはスポット溶接であることが望ましい。
【0012】
したがって、請求項1に記載の発明では、鋼板同士を重ね合わせた状態で折り曲げ基部を支点として斜状部を他方の鋼板に密着させて保持すると、その反力で斜状部以外の部分が浮き上がって溶接位置において一枚目と二枚目の鋼板同士の間に隙間を発生させる。この隙間発生状態のもとで溶接位置として例えば斜状部の密着部に近接する位置を狙ってレーザ溶接を施すと、溶接時の熱で気化しためっき層の金属蒸気が上記隙間を通って外部に排出される。
【0013】
【発明の効果】
請求項1に記載の発明によれば、予め形成した斜状部を相手側となるめっき鋼板に密着させて保持するだけで鋼板同士の間にはめっき層の金属蒸気を排出するための隙間が確保されることから、加工工数の削減とコストダウンを図ることができる効果がある。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1〜5は本発明の好ましい第1の実施の形態を示し、図1,2から明らかなように自動車の車体Bのルーフパネル1とボディサイドアウタパネル2との接合部に適用した場合の例を示している。なお、この第1の実施の形態は請求項1〜3および請求項7に記載の発明に対応している。
【0015】
図1,2に示すように、インナパネル3aとアウタパネル3bとからなるルーフサイドレール3の外側において予め所定の三次元形状に絞り成形されたルーフパネル1とボディサイドアウタパネル2のフランジ部4,5同士がフランジ部4を上側にして重ね合わされ、その重ね合わせ部位である溶接部Wに連続的にレーザ溶接が施される。
【0016】
図3は図2のM部を拡大した図であり、同図(A)に示すようにルーフパネル1は通常の鋼板製のものであるのに対してボディサイドアウタパネル2はめっき鋼板製のものとされ、ルーフパネル1側のフランジ部4の先端を予め折り曲げ基部6aから折り曲げて斜状部としての斜状片6を予め形成しておく。これにより、双方のフランジ部4,5同士を重ね合わせたときには、ルーフパネル1側のフランジ部4は相手側のフランジ部5に対して最大浮上量Xのもとで浮き上がりを生じることになる。なお、斜状片6はルーフパネル1を三次元形状に絞り成形する際に同時成形するものとする。
【0017】
フランジ部4,5同士のレーザ溶接に先立って、同図(B),(C)に示すように機械的加圧拘束手段である加圧ピン7にて斜状片6を加圧拘束し、その斜状片6を相手側のフランジ部5に対して密着させて保持する。機械的加圧拘束手段としては、斜状片6を相手側となるフランジ部5に密着させた状態を自己保持できる機能があれば十分であり、上記の加圧ピン7のほか加圧ローラやクランプ機構を用いてもよく、さらに斜状片6と相手側となるフランジ部5とをスポット溶接にて仮止めするようにしてもよい。
【0018】
この斜状片6の加圧拘束によって同図(C)に示すように斜状片6が相手側のフランジ部5に密着するのと同時に、逆に斜状片6の折り曲げ基部6aを支点としてフランジ部4のうち斜状片6以外の部分が浮き上がりを生じて双方のフランジ部4,5同士の間にGなる大きさの隙間8が確保される。
【0019】
この状態で、斜状片6の折り曲げ基部6aに可及的に近い溶接位置WにレーザビームLbを照射してレーザ溶接を施す。すなわち、図4に拡大して示すように、双方のフランジ部4,5同士の間に大きさGの隙間8が確保されたままで溶接ビード9をもってレーザ溶接が施されることになる。溶接時の熱の影響でめっき鋼板であるフランジ部5側の表面のめっき層が気化して金属蒸気となるが、その金属蒸気は隙間8を通して外部に排出される。これにより溶接ビード9でのブローホールの発生等が抑制される。
【0020】
ここで、自動車の車体パネルとして多用される鋼板すなわち板厚が0.8mm〜1.2mm程度の鋼板の場合、双方のフランジ部4,5同士の間に形成される隙間8の大きさGが50μm〜0.3mm程度であればレーザ溶接時におけるブローホールやアンダーカットが発生しないとされ、同時にその上限値(0.3mm)はフランジ部4の板厚をtとしたときに0.3mm≒0.3〜0.4tの関係にあるとされている。
【0021】
本発明者が例えば隙間8の大きさとしてG=0.3mmを得るのに必要なフランジ部4における斜状片6の最大浮上量Xを板厚t=0.8mmとt=1.2mmの場合について求めたところ、図5のような結果を得た。すなわち、隙間8の大きさGをG=0.3mm、斜状片6の最大浮上量をX、斜状片6の板厚をtとしたとき、X=1.25tの関係を得た。したがって、斜状片6の最大浮上量Xとして0.6t〜1.25tの範囲内に設定すれば隙間8の大きさGが50μm〜0.3mmとなることが判明した。
【0022】
このように本実施の形態によれば、フランジ部4の先端を最大浮上量Xのもとで斜状片6として予め折り曲げておく一方、レーザ溶接に先立ってその斜状片6を相手側のフランジ部5に密着させることにより、その斜状片6とは反対側の部分にGなる大きさの隙間8を発生させることができることから、ブローホールやアンダーカットの発生を未然に防止して安定したレーザ溶接が行えることになる。
【0023】
図6以下の図面は本発明の第2の実施の形態を示す図で、図2に示したものとほぼ同様のルーフサイドレール10を構成することになるインナパネル11とアウタパネル12の溶接接合部に適用した場合の例を示している。なお、この第2の実施の形態は請求項4〜7に記載の発明に対応している。
【0024】
図6の(A),(B)に示すように、ルーフサイドレール10は予め所定の三次元形状に成形したインナパネル11とアウタパネル12の各端末部のフランジ部11a,12a同士および11b,12b同士を突き合わせた上で溶接部Wに溶接を施すことにより閉断面形状のものとして形成される。この場合、例えばアウタパネル12が通常の鋼板製のものであるのに対してインナパネル11がめっき鋼板製のものであると、例えば一方のフランジ部11a,12a同士を密着させたままでその溶接部(接合部)Wに連続的にレーザ溶接を施すと、先に述べたようにその溶接ビード部にめっき層の蒸発によるブローホールの発生等が危惧される。
【0025】
そこで、本実施の形態では、図7に示すようにインナパネル11とアウタパネル12のフランジ部11c,12cのそれぞれについて、両者を突き合わせた(重ね合わせた)ときにフランジ部11c,12c同士の間に隙間13が発生するように予め折り曲げておく一方、実際の溶接時には図9,10に示すようにその折り曲げ状態を矯正してそれまでの隙間13がなくなるように密着させた上でその部分にレーザ溶接を施すようにしたものである。
【0026】
溶接作業そのものは、図8,9に示すように溶接ロボット14のアーム15先端に装着したレーザ溶接ヘッド16にて行うものとし、フランジ部11c,12c同士を突き合わせた上で一方のフランジ部12c側から溶接部W(図6参照)にレーザビームLbを照射しながらそれらのフランジ部11c,12cとレーザ溶接ヘッド16をフランジ部11c,12cの長手方向で相対移動させる。すなわち、フランジ部11c,12c側を固定側としてそのフランジ部11c,12cの長手方向に沿ってレーザ溶接ヘッド16を連続移動させながらレーザ溶接を施すものとする。
【0027】
より詳しくは、図7に示すようにインナパネル11およびアウタパネル12のフランジ部11c,12c同士を突き合わせたときには、両者が互いに浮き上がりつつ口開き状態となってその両者の間に隙間13が生じるように、各フランジ部11c,12cを所定の曲率をもって互いに離反する方向に円弧状に折り曲げておくものとする。なお、これらの折り曲げはフランジ部11c,12cそのものを曲折成形する際に同時に成形するものとする。また、各フランジ部11c,12cを所定の曲率をもって円弧状に折り曲げるのに代えて、各フランジ部11c,12cをその根元部から図3の(A)のように斜状に折り曲げてもよい。
【0028】
一方、上記レーザ溶接ヘッド16が装着されたブラケット17には矯正手段として一対の加圧ローラ18,19を対向配置してある。これらの加圧ローラ18,19は、図9,10に示すようにフランジ部11c,12c同士を加圧挟持することにより、先の折り曲げ状態を矯正しつつそれまで存在していた隙間13(図7参照)を解消してそのフランジ部11c,12c同士を密着させるためのものであり、一方の加圧ローラ18がブラケット17に対し定位置式のものとして回転自在に装着されているのに対して、もう一方の加圧ローラ19は可動式のものとしてスイングアーム20の先端に回転自在に装着されている。スイングアーム20はヒンジピン21を介してブラケット17に揺動可能に支持されているとともに、スイングアーム20の他端にはクランプシリンダ(エアシリンダもしくは油圧シリンダ)22のピストンロッドがヒンジピン23を介して連結されている。これにより、クランプシリンダ22が伸長動作すれば図9に示すように双方の加圧ローラ18,19同士が接近してフランジ部11c,12cを加圧挟持することになる。
【0029】
ここで、図9において加圧ローラ18,19を矢印D方向方向から見た場合には、図11から明らかなように双方の加圧ローラ18,19による加圧位置(矯正位置)24とレーザビームLbの照射位置とはほぼ一致するように設定されている。
【0030】
したがって、この第2の実施の形態によれば、図9に示すように一対の加圧ローラ18,19にてフランジ部11c,12cを加圧挟持した上で、一方のフランジ部12c側からレーザビームLbを照射しつつレーザ溶接ヘッド16を溶接ロボット14自体の自律動作にてフランジ部11c,12cに沿ってその長手方向に移動させることにより、常に加圧ローラ18,19による加圧位置すなわち矯正位置24を追いかけるようにしてレーザ照射部である溶接部Wに連続的にレーザ溶接が施されることにになる。
【0031】
この場合、先に述べたようにフランジ部11c,12c同士を一対の加圧ローラ18,19にて加圧挟持することにより、それまでの各フランジ部11c,12cの折り曲げ状態が矯正されて両者の間に存在していた隙間13(図7参照)も解消され、結果的には図10に示すようにそのフランジ部11c,12c同士が密着したままで溶接接合されることになる。
【0032】
その一方、図11から明らかなように上記のような形態で連続的にレーザ溶接を施したとしても、一対の加圧ローラ18,19による加圧位置すなわちフランジ部11c,12cの矯正位置24の前方側(溶接方向前方側)には矯正位置24に隣接して未矯正のフランジ部11c,12c同士によって常に隙間13が確保されていることになる。
【0033】
したがって、矯正位置24においてフランジ部11c,12c同士を隙間なく密着させた状態で溶接を施した場合に、溶接時の熱の影響でめっき鋼板であるフランジ部11c側の表面のめっき層が気化して金属蒸気が発生したとしても、その金属蒸気は溶接ビード内に封じ込まれることなく矯正位置24に隣接している隙間13を通して外部に排出される。これにより溶接ビードでのブローホールの発生等が抑制されることになる。
【0034】
このように本実施の形態によれば、第1の実施の形態と異なりフランジ部11c,12c同士を密着させた上でレーザ溶接を施すことを前提としつつも、めっき層が気化することによって発生した金属蒸気を確実に外部に逃がすことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】自動車の車体の一例を示す斜視図。
【図2】図1のa−a線に沿う拡大断面図。
【図3】本発明の好ましい第1の実施の形態として図2のM部を拡大した図で、同部位でのレーザ溶接の手順を示す説明図。
【図4】図3の(C)の拡大図。
【図5】図3に示した隙間の大きさGと斜状片の最大浮上量Xとの関係を示す特性図。
【図6】溶接対象となる自動車の車体パネルの別の例を示す図で、(A)はルーフサイドレールの要部斜視図、(B)は同図(A)の拡大断面図。
【図7】本発明の第2の実施の形態として、図6のルーフサイドレールとなるべきインナパネルとアウタパネルの突き合わせ状態を示す断面図。
【図8】図6に示したルーフサイドレールとレーザ溶接ヘッドおよび矯正手段である加圧ローラとの溶接前の相互関係を示す説明図。
【図9】図8の構成のもとでの実際の溶接時の説明図。
【図10】図9のQ部拡大図。
【図11】図9のD方向矢視図。
【符号の説明】
1…ルーフパネル(鋼板)
2…ボディサイドアウタパネル(めっき鋼板)
4,5…フランジ部
6…斜状片(斜状部)
6a…折り曲げ基部
7…加圧ピン(機械的加圧拘束手段)
8…隙間
9…溶接ビード
10…ルーフサイドレール(車体パネル)
11…インナパネル
11c…フランジ部(端末部)
12…アウタパネル
12c…フランジ部(端末部)
13…隙間
16…レーザ溶接ヘッド
18,19…加圧ローラ(矯正手段)
24…矯正位置
G…隙間の大きさ
Lb…レーザビーム
W…溶接部
X…斜状片の最大浮上量
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for welding plated steel sheets, and more particularly to a method for performing laser welding by superimposing a plurality of steel sheets, at least a second sheet of which is a plated steel sheet.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When two or more steel plates are overlapped and laser welding is performed, if the steel plate itself is a plated steel plate, the plating layer on the surface of the steel plate evaporates and becomes gas (metal vapor) due to the heat during welding, and bubbles are generated in the weld bead as they are. Since it remains as a (blowhole), there is a concern that the strength of the welded portion may decrease. As a countermeasure, based on the knowledge that the occurrence of blowholes can be suppressed if the steel plates to be welded are not completely in close contact with each other, a gap serving as a guide path for discharging metal vapor to the outside is provided between the steel plates. Techniques secured in the meantime have been proposed in Patent Documents 1-3. That is, in Patent Documents 1 to 3 and the like, a protrusion is formed in advance on one steel plate in order to positively secure a gap between the steel plates to be welded. In addition to Patent Documents 1 to 3, similar techniques are described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-27189 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-13077.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-162388 A (FIG. 2)
[0004]
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-216974 (FIG. 2)
[0005]
[Patent Document 3]
JP-A-10-193149 (FIG. 2)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional techniques represented by Patent Documents 1 to 3, the gap as the guide path secured between the steel plates depends on the height dimension of the protrusion, and therefore is extra for processing the protrusion. In addition to requiring a large number of man-hours, it is necessary to strictly control the height dimension of the protrusions, resulting in an increase in cost.
[0007]
The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems, and provides a method for welding a plated steel sheet in which a function equivalent to that of the prior art can be obtained by a simpler method.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 is a method in which a plurality of steel plates to be welded are overlapped in a method of performing laser welding by superimposing a plurality of steel plates, at least a second of which is a plated steel plate. In order to generate a gap between the second and second steel plates, a part of the first or second steel plate is folded in advance in a diagonal shape with a portion close to the welding position as a bending base, In the state where the steel plates are overlapped with each other, the bend base portion is used as a fulcrum and the oblique portion is held in close contact with the other steel plate, thereby generating a gap between the first and second steel plates at the welding position, Laser welding is performed on the welding position under this gap generation state.
[0009]
Typical examples of the plating layer formed on the surface of the above-described plated steel sheet include alloys other than low melting point metals such as zinc, nickel zinc alloy, lead, and aluminum.
[0010]
Further, the steel plate to be welded is, for example, a vehicle body panel formed in a three-dimensional shape in advance as described in claim 7, and even a slanted portion is formed when forming a predetermined three-dimensional shape. If it is formed at the same time, there is no need for any special processing only for the oblique portion.
[0011]
Furthermore, the maximum flying height of the inclined portion by the bending is set to a range of about 0.6 t to 1.25 t, where t is the thickness of the steel plate itself on which the inclined portion is formed, The means for holding the oblique portion in close contact with the second steel plate is preferably mechanical pressure restraint means or spot welding.
[0012]
Therefore, in the invention described in claim 1, when the inclined portion is brought into close contact with the other steel plate with the bent base portion as a fulcrum in a state where the steel plates are overlapped with each other, a portion other than the inclined portion is lifted by the reaction force. Thus, a gap is generated between the first and second steel plates at the welding position. When laser welding is performed aiming at a position close to the close contact portion of the oblique portion, for example, as a welding position under this gap generation state, the metal vapor of the plating layer vaporized by heat during welding passes through the gap to the outside. To be discharged.
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
According to the invention described in claim 1, there is a gap for discharging the metal vapor of the plating layer between the steel plates by simply holding the preliminarily formed oblique portion in close contact with the plated steel plate as the counterpart. As a result, the number of processing steps can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 to 5 show a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, and as is apparent from FIGS. 1 and 2, an example in which the present invention is applied to a joint between a roof panel 1 and a body side outer panel 2 of a vehicle body B of an automobile. Is shown. In addition, this 1st Embodiment respond | corresponds to the invention of Claims 1-3 and Claim 7.
[0015]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the flange portions 4 and 5 of the roof panel 1 and the body side outer panel 2 which are drawn into a predetermined three-dimensional shape in advance outside the roof side rail 3 including the inner panel 3 a and the outer panel 3 b. The two are overlapped with the flange portion 4 facing upward, and laser welding is continuously performed on the welded portion W which is the overlapped portion.
[0016]
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the portion M in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 3A, the roof panel 1 is made of a normal steel plate, whereas the body side outer panel 2 is made of a plated steel plate. The tip of the flange portion 4 on the roof panel 1 side is bent in advance from the bending base portion 6a, and the oblique piece 6 as the oblique portion is formed in advance. Thereby, when both flange parts 4 and 5 are piled up, the flange part 4 by the side of the roof panel 1 will raise | lift with respect to the other flange part 5 on the basis of the maximum floating amount X. FIG. The oblique piece 6 is formed simultaneously when the roof panel 1 is drawn and formed into a three-dimensional shape.
[0017]
Prior to laser welding of the flange portions 4 and 5, the slanted piece 6 is pressure restrained by a pressure pin 7 which is a mechanical pressure restraining means as shown in FIGS. The oblique piece 6 is held in close contact with the counterpart flange portion 5. As the mechanical pressure restraining means, it is sufficient if it has a function capable of self-holding the state in which the oblique piece 6 is in close contact with the flange portion 5 on the other side. A clamp mechanism may be used, and the inclined piece 6 and the flange portion 5 on the other side may be temporarily fixed by spot welding.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 3C, the inclined piece 6 is brought into close contact with the flange portion 5 on the other side, and conversely, the bent base 6a of the inclined piece 6 is used as a fulcrum. A portion of the flange portion 4 other than the oblique piece 6 is lifted, and a gap 8 having a size G is secured between the flange portions 4 and 5.
[0019]
In this state, laser welding is performed by irradiating the welding position W as close as possible to the bent base portion 6a of the oblique piece 6 with the laser beam Lb. That is, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 4, laser welding is performed with the weld bead 9 while the gap 8 having a size G is secured between the flange portions 4 and 5. The plating layer on the surface of the flange portion 5 side, which is a plated steel sheet, is vaporized into metal vapor due to the influence of heat during welding, and the metal vapor is discharged to the outside through the gap 8. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of the blow hole in the weld bead 9, etc. are suppressed.
[0020]
Here, in the case of a steel plate frequently used as a body panel of an automobile, that is, a steel plate having a thickness of about 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm, the size G of the gap 8 formed between both flange portions 4 and 5 is If it is about 50 μm to 0.3 mm, it is considered that blowholes and undercuts do not occur during laser welding, and at the same time, the upper limit (0.3 mm) is 0.3 mm when the thickness of the flange portion 4 is t. It is assumed that the relationship is 0.3 to 0.4 t.
[0021]
For example, the maximum flying height X of the slanted piece 6 in the flange portion 4 necessary for the inventor to obtain G = 0.3 mm as the size of the gap 8 is set to the plate thicknesses t = 0.8 mm and t = 1.2 mm. When it asked about the case, the result like FIG. 5 was obtained. That is, when the size G of the gap 8 is G = 0.3 mm, the maximum flying height of the oblique piece 6 is X, and the thickness of the oblique piece 6 is t, the relationship of X = 1.25 t is obtained. Therefore, it has been found that if the maximum flying height X of the slanted piece 6 is set within the range of 0.6 t to 1.25 t, the size G of the gap 8 is 50 μm to 0.3 mm.
[0022]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the front end of the flange portion 4 is bent in advance as the oblique piece 6 under the maximum flying height X, while the oblique piece 6 is attached to the mating side prior to laser welding. By closely contacting the flange portion 5, a gap 8 having a size G can be generated on the opposite side of the inclined piece 6, so that the occurrence of blowholes and undercuts can be prevented and stable. Laser welding can be performed.
[0023]
6 and the following drawings show a second embodiment of the present invention, and a welded joint between an inner panel 11 and an outer panel 12 that constitutes a roof side rail 10 substantially the same as that shown in FIG. The example when applied to is shown. This second embodiment corresponds to the inventions described in claims 4-7.
[0024]
As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the roof side rail 10 has a flange portion 11a, 12a at each end portion of the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 and 11b, 12b formed in advance in a predetermined three-dimensional shape. After abutting each other, the welded portion W is welded to form a closed cross-sectional shape. In this case, for example, when the outer panel 12 is made of a normal steel plate and the inner panel 11 is made of a plated steel plate, for example, the welded portion (one flange portion 11a, 12a is kept in close contact with each other) When laser welding is continuously performed on the joint W), as described above, there is a concern that blowholes may be generated in the weld bead due to evaporation of the plating layer.
[0025]
Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, when the flange portions 11 c and 12 c of the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 are both abutted (overlaid), the flange portions 11 c and 12 c are interposed between each other. While it is bent in advance so that the gap 13 is generated, during actual welding, the bent state is corrected as shown in FIGS. It is intended to be welded.
[0026]
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the welding operation itself is performed by a laser welding head 16 attached to the tip of the arm 15 of the welding robot 14, and after the flange portions 11c and 12c are brought into contact with each other, the one flange portion 12c side. While irradiating the laser beam Lb to the welded portion W (see FIG. 6), the flange portions 11c and 12c and the laser welding head 16 are relatively moved in the longitudinal direction of the flange portions 11c and 12c. That is, the laser welding is performed while continuously moving the laser welding head 16 along the longitudinal direction of the flange portions 11c and 12c with the flange portions 11c and 12c as the fixed side.
[0027]
More specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, when the flange portions 11 c and 12 c of the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 are abutted with each other, the gaps 13 are generated between the two while being lifted from each other. The flange portions 11c and 12c are bent in an arc shape in a direction away from each other with a predetermined curvature. In addition, these bending shall be shape | molded simultaneously when bending the flange parts 11c and 12c itself. Further, instead of bending the flange portions 11c and 12c in a circular arc shape with a predetermined curvature, the flange portions 11c and 12c may be bent obliquely from the root portion as shown in FIG.
[0028]
On the other hand, a pair of pressure rollers 18 and 19 are arranged opposite to the bracket 17 on which the laser welding head 16 is mounted as a correcting means. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, these pressure rollers 18 and 19 press and hold the flange portions 11c and 12c so as to correct the previous bent state while maintaining the gap 13 (FIG. 9). 7) and the flanges 11c, 12c are closely attached to each other, whereas one pressure roller 18 is rotatably mounted on the bracket 17 as a fixed position type. The other pressure roller 19 is movable and is rotatably mounted at the tip of the swing arm 20. The swing arm 20 is swingably supported by the bracket 17 via a hinge pin 21, and a piston rod of a clamp cylinder (air cylinder or hydraulic cylinder) 22 is connected to the other end of the swing arm 20 via a hinge pin 23. Has been. As a result, when the clamp cylinder 22 is extended, both the pressure rollers 18 and 19 come close to each other and press the flange portions 11c and 12c as shown in FIG.
[0029]
Here, when the pressure rollers 18 and 19 are viewed from the direction of the arrow D in FIG. 9, the pressure position (correction position) 24 by both the pressure rollers 18 and 19 and the laser are clearly shown in FIG. It is set so as to substantially coincide with the irradiation position of the beam Lb.
[0030]
Therefore, according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, after the flange portions 11c and 12c are pressed and clamped by the pair of pressure rollers 18 and 19, the laser is applied from the one flange portion 12c side. By irradiating the beam Lb and moving the laser welding head 16 in the longitudinal direction along the flange portions 11c and 12c by the autonomous operation of the welding robot 14 itself, the pressure position by the pressure rollers 18 and 19 is always corrected. Laser welding is continuously performed on the welded portion W that is a laser irradiation portion so as to follow the position 24.
[0031]
In this case, as described above, the flange portions 11c and 12c are pressed and clamped by the pair of pressure rollers 18 and 19, so that the bent state of the flange portions 11c and 12c so far is corrected and both. The gap 13 (see FIG. 7) that existed between the flange portions 11c is also eliminated, and as a result, as shown in FIG. 10, the flange portions 11c and 12c are welded and joined together.
[0032]
On the other hand, as is clear from FIG. 11, even if laser welding is continuously performed in the above-described form, the pressure position by the pair of pressure rollers 18, 19; that is, the correction position 24 of the flange portions 11c, 12c. On the front side (front side in the welding direction), the gap 13 is always secured by the uncorrected flange portions 11c and 12c adjacent to the correction position 24.
[0033]
Therefore, when welding is performed in a state where the flange portions 11c and 12c are in close contact with each other at the correction position 24, the plating layer on the surface on the flange portion 11c side which is a plated steel plate is vaporized due to the influence of heat during welding. Even if metal vapor is generated, the metal vapor is discharged outside through the gap 13 adjacent to the correction position 24 without being enclosed in the weld bead. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of the blow hole in a weld bead, etc. are suppressed.
[0034]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, it is assumed that laser welding is performed after the flange portions 11c and 12c are brought into close contact with each other, but is generated by vaporization of the plating layer. The released metal vapor can be surely released to the outside.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a vehicle body of an automobile.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line aa in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion M in FIG. 2 as a preferred first embodiment of the present invention, and is an explanatory view showing a laser welding procedure at the same site.
4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 3C. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the gap size G shown in FIG. 3 and the maximum flying height X of the slanted piece.
6A and 6B are diagrams showing another example of a vehicle body panel to be welded, in which FIG. 6A is a perspective view of a main part of a roof side rail, and FIG. 6B is an enlarged sectional view of FIG.
7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an inner panel and an outer panel that should be the roof side rails of FIG. 6 are butted as a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
8 is an explanatory diagram showing a mutual relationship before welding of the roof side rail shown in FIG. 6, a laser welding head, and a pressure roller as a correction means.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view at the time of actual welding under the configuration of FIG. 8;
10 is an enlarged view of a Q part in FIG. 9;
11 is a view in the direction of arrow D in FIG. 9;
[Explanation of symbols]
1. Roof panel (steel plate)
2. Body side outer panel (plated steel plate)
4, 5 ... Flange 6 ... Slanted piece (slanted part)
6a ... Bending base 7 ... Pressure pin (Mechanical pressure restraining means)
8 ... Gap 9 ... Welding bead 10 ... Roof side rail (vehicle body panel)
11 ... Inner panel 11c ... Flange part (terminal part)
12 ... Outer panel 12c ... Flange part (terminal part)
13 ... Gap 16 ... Laser welding heads 18, 19 ... Pressure roller (correction means)
24 ... Correction position G ... Size of gap Lb ... Laser beam W ... Weld X ... Maximum flying height of slanted piece

Claims (7)

少なくとも二枚目がめっき鋼板である複数枚の鋼板を重ね合わせてレーザ溶接を施す方法において、
溶接対象となる複数枚の鋼板同士を重ね合わせたときに一枚目と二枚目の鋼板同士の間に隙間が発生するように、その一枚目あるいは二枚目の鋼板の一部を溶接位置に近接する部分を折り曲げ基部として予め斜状に折り曲げておき、
鋼板同士を重ね合わせた状態で折り曲げ基部を支点として斜状部を他方の鋼板に密着させて保持することにより、溶接位置において一枚目と二枚目の鋼板同士の間に隙間を発生させ、
この隙間発生状態のもとで溶接位置にレーザ溶接を施すことを特徴とするめっき鋼板の溶接方法。
In a method of performing laser welding by superimposing a plurality of steel plates, at least the second of which is a plated steel plate,
Weld a part of the first or second steel plate so that a gap is created between the first and second steel plates when the steel plates to be welded are overlapped. The part close to the position is preliminarily bent in an oblique shape as the bending base,
In the state where the steel plates are overlapped with each other, the bend base portion is used as a fulcrum and the oblique portion is held in close contact with the other steel plate, thereby generating a gap between the first and second steel plates at the welding position,
A welding method for a plated steel sheet, characterized in that laser welding is performed at a welding position in a state where the gap is generated.
上記折り曲げによる斜状部の最大浮上量は、その斜状部が形成される鋼板自体の板厚をtとしたときに0.6t〜1.25tの範囲に設定されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のめっき鋼板の溶接方法。The maximum flying height of the oblique portion by the bending is set in the range of 0.6 t to 1.25 t, where t is the thickness of the steel plate itself on which the oblique portion is formed. The welding method of the plated steel plate of Claim 1. 斜状部を他方の鋼板に密着させて保持する手段は、機械的加圧拘束手段もしくはスポット溶接であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のめっき鋼板の溶接方法。The method for welding a plated steel sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the means for holding the inclined portion in close contact with the other steel sheet is mechanical pressure restraint means or spot welding. 少なくとも二枚目がめっき鋼板である複数枚の鋼板を重ね合わせた上で二枚目以外の鋼板側からレーザビームを照射してレーザ溶接を施す方法であって、
溶接対象となる複数枚の鋼板同士を重ね合わせたときに少なくとも二枚目のめっき鋼板とそれに直接接触することになる鋼板の端末部同士が口開き状態となって両者の間に隙間が発生するように、少なくともいずれか一方の鋼板の端末部を予め折り曲げておき、
溶接時には、上記端末部の長手方向でその折り曲げ状態を局部的に矯正することにより端末部同士を相互に密着させ、その矯正部分を溶接位置としてレーザビームを照射して溶接を施すことを特徴とするめっき鋼板の溶接方法。
It is a method of performing laser welding by irradiating a laser beam from the steel sheet side other than the second sheet after superimposing a plurality of steel sheets in which at least the second sheet is a plated steel sheet,
When a plurality of steel plates to be welded are overlapped, at least the second plated steel plate and the end portions of the steel plates that will be in direct contact with each other become open and a gap is generated between them. As described above, the terminal portion of at least one of the steel plates is bent in advance,
At the time of welding, it is characterized in that the bent portions are locally corrected in the longitudinal direction of the terminal portions so that the terminal portions are brought into close contact with each other, and welding is performed by irradiating a laser beam with the corrected portions as welding positions. Welding method for plated steel sheet.
上記折り曲げ状態の矯正部分を端末部の長手方向で連続的に移動させるとともに、端末部とレーザビームをその端末部の長手方向で相対移動させながら溶接を施すことを特徴とする請求項4に記載のめっき鋼板の溶接方法。5. The welding is performed while the correction portion in the bent state is continuously moved in the longitudinal direction of the terminal portion and the terminal portion and the laser beam are relatively moved in the longitudinal direction of the terminal portion. Welding method for coated steel sheet. 上記折り曲げ状態の矯正は端末部同士を挟持する一対の加圧ローラにて行い、レーザビームを照射するレーザ溶接ヘッドとその加圧ローラを端末部の長手方向に沿って一体的に相対移動させることを特徴とする請求項5に記載のめっき鋼板の溶接方法。The bending state is corrected by a pair of pressure rollers that sandwich the end portions, and the laser welding head that irradiates the laser beam and the pressure roller are integrally moved relative to each other along the longitudinal direction of the end portions. The method for welding plated steel sheets according to claim 5. 鋼板は予め三次元形状に成形された自動車の車体パネルであることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載のめっき鋼板の溶接方法。The method for welding plated steel sheets according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the steel sheet is a vehicle body panel formed in a three-dimensional shape in advance.
JP2003126129A 2002-11-14 2003-05-01 Welding method of metal plating steel sheet Pending JP2004209549A (en)

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JP2008043972A (en) * 2006-08-14 2008-02-28 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Laser beam welding method and equipment
WO2013114910A1 (en) * 2012-02-01 2013-08-08 株式会社豊田自動織機 Lid box joining structure and joining method
KR101368631B1 (en) 2013-01-17 2014-03-07 국립대학법인 울산과학기술대학교 산학협력단 Laser welding quality improvement by controlling the direction of welding with respect to part-to-part gap
CN114144277A (en) * 2019-07-12 2022-03-04 本田技研工业株式会社 Bonded product manufacturing apparatus
CN117922704A (en) * 2024-03-22 2024-04-26 洛阳智能农业装备研究院有限公司 Harvester cab framework and manufacturing method
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008043972A (en) * 2006-08-14 2008-02-28 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Laser beam welding method and equipment
WO2013114910A1 (en) * 2012-02-01 2013-08-08 株式会社豊田自動織機 Lid box joining structure and joining method
JP2013159147A (en) * 2012-02-01 2013-08-19 Toyota Industries Corp Joint structure and joining method of lid box
US9186983B2 (en) 2012-02-01 2015-11-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Lid box joining structure and joining method
KR101368631B1 (en) 2013-01-17 2014-03-07 국립대학법인 울산과학기술대학교 산학협력단 Laser welding quality improvement by controlling the direction of welding with respect to part-to-part gap
CN114144277A (en) * 2019-07-12 2022-03-04 本田技研工业株式会社 Bonded product manufacturing apparatus
CN117922704A (en) * 2024-03-22 2024-04-26 洛阳智能农业装备研究院有限公司 Harvester cab framework and manufacturing method
CN117922704B (en) * 2024-03-22 2024-05-31 洛阳智能农业装备研究院有限公司 Harvester cab framework and manufacturing method

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