JP2004191488A - Fixing device - Google Patents

Fixing device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004191488A
JP2004191488A JP2002356866A JP2002356866A JP2004191488A JP 2004191488 A JP2004191488 A JP 2004191488A JP 2002356866 A JP2002356866 A JP 2002356866A JP 2002356866 A JP2002356866 A JP 2002356866A JP 2004191488 A JP2004191488 A JP 2004191488A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
temperature
heater
roller
fixing
gap
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JP2002356866A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4073772B2 (en
Inventor
Jun Okamoto
潤 岡本
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2002356866A priority Critical patent/JP4073772B2/en
Publication of JP2004191488A publication Critical patent/JP2004191488A/en
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  • Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Control Or Security For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fixing device that attains a stable fixation without a complicated configuration for a temperature control. <P>SOLUTION: The fixing device includes: a fixing roller 11 incorporating a heater 12; a heat roller 1 incorporating a heater 2; a fixing belt 30 stretched between the fixing roller 11 and the heat roller 1; a pressure roller 21 which is coupled to a heater power source 51 so as to be parallel to the heater 12, has heat generation that is small in comparison with the heater 12, and is in contact with the fixing roller 11 via the fixing belt 30; a thermister 23 which detects the temperature of the pressure roller 21; a control part 50 which on/off controls both the heaters 12 and 22 at the same time based upon the temperature detected by the thermister 23; and a thermo-switch which is coupled to the heater power source 51 so that the thermo-switch and the heater 12 are in series, is disposed with a gap left from the fixing roller 11, disconnects the heater 12 from the power source 51 at a first predetermine temperature or above, and supplies power from the heater power source 51 to the heater 12 at a second predetermined temperature or below, the second temperature being lower than the first predetermined temperature. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、プリンタや複写機に使用され、記録紙に担持されたトナーを熱と圧力により定着する定着装置に関し、より詳しくは、定着装置の温度制御に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の定着装置としては、特許文献1に開示された定着装置のように、加圧回転体を回転可能に支持し且つ加圧回転体と一体的に移動して加圧回転体を定着回転体に配設されるサーミスタとサーモスイッチとが固定的に支持され、異常高温を防止するようにしたものが知られている。
【0003】
また、特許文献2に開示された定着装置のように、加熱源を内包し回転自在に支持された定着ローラと、加熱源を内包し定着ローラに圧接して回転自在に支持された加圧ローラと、定着ローラと加圧ローラに接触または近接した位置で各加熱源と電源を結ぶ給電ラインに直列に接続されたサーモスイッチを備え、各サーモスイッチが直列に接続され、各加熱源が一方の給電端を共通にしてサーモスイッチを介して電源に接続され、いずれか一方のローラに異常昇温が生じた場合に、他方のローラに給電が継続されることにより火災等を防止するようにしたものが知られている。
【0004】
また、特許文献3には、定着ローラと、内部に熱源としてのハロゲンヒータを有する加熱ローラと、定着ローラと加熱ローラ間に張架された定着ベルトと、定着ローラに対向して配置され、定着ベルトを挟んで定着ローラに圧接され、内部に熱源としてのハロゲンヒータを有する加圧ローラとを備えた定着装置が開示されている。
【0005】
また、特許文献3で開示された種類の定着ローラには、定着ローラを含む3本のローラ全てにヒータ等の熱源を備えたものもあり、温度制御の簡素化のために3本のローラ全てをサーミスタ等で温度を測って温度管理をすることを避け、サーミスタで検知した加圧ローラの温度に基づいて加圧ローラのヒータと、このヒータと電源に対し並列に接続された定着ローラのヒータとを同時にオン/オフするようにしたものが知られている。
【0006】
【特許文献1】
特開平10−207274号公報
【0007】
【特許文献2】
特開平7−311514号公報
【0008】
【特許文献3】
特開2002−244484号公報
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記したようなサーミスタで検知した加圧ローラの温度に基づいて、加圧ローラのヒータと、電源に対しこのヒータと並列に接続された定着ローラのヒータとを同時にオン/オフするようにした従来の定着装置では、定着ローラの過熱防止のため、サーミスタで温度検知をする加圧ローラの温度より定着ローラの温度が低くなるようにヒータのワット数を設定せざるを得ないので、通紙開始時に定着ローラが加熱ローラから熱を奪い、定着ローラと加圧ローラとのニップ部の定着ベルトの温度が一時的に下がってしまい定着性に問題があった。特に、定着ローラの温度が十分上がり安定する前に通紙をする傾向のあるいわゆる高速機ではこの問題が顕著であった。
【0010】
一方、定着ローラの温度を十分に高めておくために定着ローラのヒータを加圧ローラのヒータよりもワット数の高いものにした場合、定着ローラはサーミスタで温度検知して温度制御していないので、定着ローラに備えたサーモスタット等の過熱防止手段が誤検知してしまうという問題がある。
【0011】
そこで本発明は、温度制御のために複雑な構成をとることなく安定した定着性が得られる定着装置を提供することを目的としている。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の定着装置は、上記課題を解決するために、第1のヒータを内包する定着ローラと、第2のヒータを内包する加熱ローラと、前記定着ローラと前記加熱ローラに張架された定着ベルトと、電源に対して前記第1のヒータと並列に接続されるとともに前記第1のヒータより発熱の小さい第3のヒータを内包し、前記定着ベルトを介して定着ローラに当接する加圧ローラと、前記加圧ローラの温度を検知する加圧ローラ温度検知手段と、前記加圧ローラ温度検知手段が検知した温度に基づいて前記第1のヒータおよび前記第3のヒータの両者を同時にオン/オフ制御する制御手段と、前記電源に対して前記第1のヒータと直列に接続されるとともに前記定着ローラと隙間を空けて配置され、第1の温度以上で前記第1のヒータを前記電源から遮断し、前記第1の温度よりも低い第2の温度以下で前記第1のヒータに前記電源を通電するサーモスイッチとを備えたことを特徴としている。
【0013】
この構成により、本発明の定着装置では、温度制御のために複雑な構成をとることなく安定した定着性を得ることができる。
【0014】
また、本発明の定着装置は、上記課題を解決するために、前記第2の温度がトナー軟化温度であることを特徴としている。
【0015】
この構成により、本発明の定着装置では、定着ローラ11の温度はトナー軟化点以上の温度に保たれるので、安定した定着性を実現できる。
【0016】
また、本発明の定着装置は、上記課題を解決するために、前記定着ローラの温度が所定値以上になると第1のヒータをオフにする複数の第1の過熱防止手段と、前記加熱ローラの温度が所定値以上になると第2のヒータをオフにする複数の第2の過熱防止手段と、前記加圧ローラの温度が所定値以上になると第3のヒータをオフにする複数の第3の過熱防止手段とを備えることを特徴としている。
【0017】
この構成により、本発明の定着装置では、過昇温を防止し安全性を確保することができる。
【0018】
また、本発明の定着装置は、上記課題を解決するために、装置外部の温度を検知する外部温度検知手段と、前記定着ローラと前記サーモスイッチとの隙間の大きさを切り換える隙間切り替え手段とを備え、前記制御手段は、前記外部温度検知手段が検知した温度に応じて前記隙間切り替え手段に前記隙間の大きさを切り替えさせるように制御することを特徴としている。
【0019】
この構成により、本発明の定着装置では、装置外部の温度環境に合わせて最適な定着ローラの温度にすることができる。
【0020】
また、本発明の定着装置は、上記課題を解決するために、前記制御手段は、前記外部温度検知手段が検知した温度が所定の温度より高いときに前記隙間切り替え手段に前記隙間を所定の値より小さくなるように切り替えさせ、前記外部温度検知手段が検知した温度が所定の温度より低いときに前記隙間切り替え手段に前記隙間を所定の値より大きくなるように切り替えさせることを特徴としている。
【0021】
この構成により、本発明の定着装置では装置外部の温度環境に合わせて最適な定着ローラの温度にすることができる。
【0022】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の好ましい実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
【0023】
図1乃至図3はそれぞれ本発明の一実施形態の定着装置60の側面図、斜視図およびヒータ配線図である。この定着装置60は、複写機等の画像形成装置に適用され、熱と圧力により記録紙上のトナー画像を定着するためのもので、ベルト定着方式の定着装置である。
【0024】
図1乃至図3に示すように、定着装置60は、内部に熱源としてのヒータ12を有する加熱ローラ1と、内部に熱源としてのヒータ12を有する定着ローラ11と、定着ローラ11と加熱ローラ1間に張架された定着ベルト30と、定着ローラ11に対向して配置され、定着ベルト30を挟んで該定着ローラ11に圧縮スプリング等から構成される図示しない加圧手段の付勢力により圧接され内部に熱源としてのヒータ22を有する加圧ローラ21と、加圧ローラ21の表面温度を検知するサーミスタ23と、加熱ローラ1の表面温度を検知するサーミスタ3を備えている。定着ベルト30は、ニッケルや耐熱樹脂(たとえばポリイミド)、炭素鋼、ステンレス鋼等から構成される無端状の薄いベルトの表面にフッ素樹脂やシリコンゴム等の耐熱性離型層を複数層設けた構成になっている。
【0025】
また、図2に示すように、定着ローラ11にはサーモスタット14a、14bが、加熱ローラ1にはサーモスタット4a、4bが、加圧ローラ21にはサーモスタット24a、24bがそれぞれ備えられている。これらサーモスタッド14a、14b、4a、4b、24a、24bは、検出温度がサーモスタッドの設定値を超えた場合に回路を開き安全を確保するための過熱防止手段として供され、例えば300℃以上の温度となったときに回路を遮断する。
【0026】
また、定着装置60は、図示しないスプリング等の加圧手段の付勢力により定着ベルト30の張りを適切な値に調節するテンションローラ31と、定着ベルト30の表面を清浄するクリーニングローラ32、33を備えている。
【0027】
サーミスタ3が検知した加熱ローラ1の表面温度の情報は制御部50に送られ、制御部50により加熱ローラ1が内包するヒータ2がオン/オフされて目標温度に管理される。
【0028】
一方、定着ローラ11および加圧ローラ21の表面温度は加熱ローラ1の表面温度とは別系統で管理される。図3に示すように、定着ローラ11が内包するヒータ12および加圧ローラ21が内包するヒータ22は、ヒータ電源51に対して並列に接続される。サーミスタ23が検知した加圧ローラ21の表面温度の情報は制御部50に送られて、制御部50は定着ローラ11が内包するヒータ12および加圧ローラ21が内包するヒータ22とヒータ電源51との間に設けられたスイッチ25をオン/オフすることにより加熱ローラ21の表面温度を目標温度に管理する。本実施形態では、定着ローラ11が内包するヒータ12のワット数を加圧ローラ21が内包するヒータ22よりも大きくしている。
【0029】
また、定着装置60は定着ローラ11の表面と僅かな隙間を開けて配置されるサーモスイッチ15を備えている。このサーモスイッチ15は図2および図3に示すように電気的には定着ローラ11が内包するヒータ12に直列に接続されており、ヒータ12へのヒータ電源51からの供給をオン/オフするようになっている。サーモスイッチ15は検出温度が180℃以上になると通電を遮断し、150℃以下になると再び通電するようになっている。サーモスタット14a、14b、24a、24b、4a、4bは、ある温度以上になり一度通電を遮断してしまうとマイナス35℃程度まで温度を下げないと復帰せず、過熱防止のための保護機構であるのに対して、サーモスイッチ15は定着ローラ11の表面温度を目標温度に管理するために設けられている。
【0030】
また、定着装置60は、サーミスタ等から構成される外部温度検知手段(図示しない)を備えており、この外部温度検知手段は定着装置60が設置される場所の温度を検知し、例えば冬の気温の低い状態(低温環境)や夏の気温の高い状態(高温環境)を検知する。外部温度検知手段は定着装置60の外部に突出するように設けてもよいが、定着装置60または定着装置60が適用される画像形成装置の内部であっても、装置が生み出す熱の影響を受けず外気と実質的に同じ温度を計測できる場所であれば設置することができる。
【0031】
また、定着装置60は、モータと伝達機構等から構成されサーモスイッチ15と定着ローラ11との隙間を図4(c)に示す隙間の大きい状態、または図4(b)に示す隙間の小さい状態、または図4(a)に示す中間の状態のいずれかに切換える隙間切り換え機構(図示しない)を備えている。なお、図4(a)〜(c)におけるH1、H2、H3はサーモスイッチ15と定着ローラ11の隙間を示し、具体的には、H1は0.6mm、H2は0.3mm、H3は1mmとなっている。
【0032】
外部温度検知手段が検知した温度が常温(例えば24℃)のときは、制御部50は隙間切り替え機構を制御して図4(a)に示す隙間H1の状態にする。
【0033】
また、外部温度検知手段が検知した温度が高温(例えば28℃)のときは、制御部50は隙間切り替え機構を制御して図4(b)に示す隙間H2の状態にする。
【0034】
また、外部温度検知手段が検知した温度が低温(例えば20℃)のときは、制御部50は隙間切り替え機構を制御して図4(c)に示す隙間H3の状態にする。
【0035】
すなわち、外部温度が高温環境のときの隙間H2は常温環境のH1よりも狭いので、サーモスイッチ15が検知する温度は高くなるため、サーモスイッチ15は定着ローラ11の表面温度を低めの状態に制御するようになる。これと逆に外部温度が低温環境のときの隙間H3は常温環境のH1よりも広いので、サーモスイッチ15が検知する温度は低くなるため、サーモスイッチ15は定着ローラ11の表面温度を高めの状態に制御するようになる。なお、隙間切り換え機構としては、モータと伝達機構によるものの外に例えばソレノイドを使用したり、または金属から構成される外部温度検知手段と機械的に直結し外部温度検知手段の熱膨張等を利用するものであってもよい。
【0036】
図5はヒータ電源51とヒータ12との間にサーモスイッチ15を備えないとともに定着ローラ11のヒータ12のワット数が加圧ローラ21のヒータ22のワット数よりも小さい従来の定着装置の各ローラの温度変化を示す。また、図6はヒータ電源51とヒータ12との間にサーモスイッチ15を備えるとともに定着ローラ11のヒータ12のワット数が加圧ローラ21のヒータ22のワット数よりも大きい本実施形態の定着装置60の各ローラの温度変化を示す。
【0037】
図6に示す本実施形態の定着装置60では、ヒータ電源51とヒータ12との間にサーモスイッチ15を備えているので、定着ローラ11のヒータ12のワット数を加圧ローラ21のヒータ22のワット数よりも大きくすることができるため、待機時の定着ローラ11の温度を加圧ローラ21よりも高く設定することができる。従って、定着ローラ11と加熱ローラ1とから熱を供給される定着ベルト30の温度を従来よりも高い温度で且つ安定させることができるため、通紙開始時の加熱ローラ1の温度の落ち込み(従来はデルタT1落ち込んでいた)を小さくすることができる。また、通紙終了直後の定着ローラ11の温度のオーバーシュート(従来はデルタT2オーバーシュートしていた)を小さくすることができる。なお、図6において、定着ローラ11の温度曲線に記したOPENは、定着ローラ11の温度が上昇してサーモスイッチ15の接点が開いたことを示し、CLOSEは、定着ローラ11の温度が下降してサーモスイッチ15の接点が閉じたことを示す。
【0038】
なお、本実施形態では外部温度に基づいてサーモスイッチ15と定着ローラ11との隙間を切り換えているが、ある一定枚数以上の記録紙を連続して定着した後にこの隙間を狭くすることにより、連続通紙後で高めの状態になっている定着ローラ11の温度を下げる際のオーバーシュートを防止することができる。
【0039】
このように本実施形態では、ヒータ12を内包する定着ローラ11と、ヒータ2を内包する加熱ローラ1と、定着ローラ11と加熱ローラ1に張架された定着ベルト30と、ヒータ電源51に対してヒータ12と並列に接続されるとともにヒータ12より発熱の小さいヒータ22を内包し、定着ベルト30を介して定着ローラ11に当接する加圧ローラ21と、加圧ローラ21の温度を検知するサーミスタ23と、サーミスタ23が検知した温度に基づいてヒータ12およびヒータ22の両者を同時にオン/オフ制御する制御部50と、ヒータ電源51に対してヒータ12と直列に接続されるとともに定着ローラ11と隙間を空けて配置され、第1の所定の温度以上でヒータ12をヒータ電源51から遮断し、第1の所定の温度よりも低い第2の所定の温度以下でヒータ12にヒータ電源51を通電するサーモスイッチを備えているため、温度制御のために複雑な構成をとることなく安定した定着性を得ることができる。
【0040】
また、第2の所定の温度はトナー軟化点であるので、定着ローラ11の温度はトナー軟化点以上の温度に保たれるので、安定した定着性を実現できる。
【0041】
また、定着ローラ11、加熱ローラ1および加圧ローラ21にはそれぞれ複数(本実施形態では各2つ)のサーモスタットが設けられているために、過昇温を防止し安全性を確保することができる。
【0042】
また、装置外部の温度を検知する外部温度検知手段と、定着ローラ11とサーモスイッチ15との隙間の大きさを切換える隙間切り替え機構を備え、制御部50は、外部温度検知手段が検知した温度に応じて、外部温度が所定の温度より高いときに隙間を小さくし、外部温度が所定の温度より低いときに隙間を大きくさせるので、装置外部の温度環境に合わせて最適な定着ローラ11の温度にすることができる。例えば、装置外部の温度が低く転写紙も冷えているときは、隙間を狭くすることにより定着ローラ11の温度が高めに設定され、良好な定着を行うことができる。
【0043】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、温度制御のために複雑な構成をとることなく安定した定着性が得られる定着装置を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施形態に係る定着装置を示す側面図である。
【図2】一実施形態の定着装置の斜視図である。
【図3】一実施形態の定着装置の配線図である。
【図4】(a)、(b)、(c)は一実施形態の定着ローラとサーモスイッチの隙間の切り替えを示す図である。
【図5】従来の定着装置の定着ローラ、加圧ローラおよび加熱ローラの温度変化を示す図である。
【図6】本発明の一実施形態に係る定着装置の定着ローラ、加圧ローラおよび加熱ローラの温度変化を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 加熱ローラ
2a、2b ヒータ
3 サーミスタ
4a、4b サーモスタット(第2の過熱防止手段)
11 定着ローラ
12 ヒータ
14a、14b サーモスタット(第1の過熱防止手段)
15 サーモスイッチ
21 加圧ローラ
22 ヒータ
23 サーミスタ(加圧ローラ温度検知手段)
24a、24b サーモスタット(第3の過熱防止手段)
25 スイッチ
30 定着ベルト
32 クリーニングローラ
50 制御部(制御手段)
51 ヒータ電源(電源)
60 定着装置
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fixing device that is used in a printer or a copying machine and fixes toner carried on recording paper by heat and pressure, and more particularly, to temperature control of the fixing device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional fixing device, as in a fixing device disclosed in Patent Literature 1, a pressing rotator is rotatably supported and moves integrally with the pressing rotator to fix the pressing rotator to the fixing rotator. There is known a device in which a thermistor and a thermoswitch disposed in a fixed manner are fixedly supported to prevent an abnormally high temperature.
[0003]
Further, as in a fixing device disclosed in Patent Document 2, a fixing roller that includes a heating source and is rotatably supported, and a pressure roller that includes a heating source and is rotatably supported by being pressed against the fixing roller. And a thermoswitch connected in series to a power supply line connecting each heat source and a power source at a position in contact with or close to the fixing roller and the pressure roller, wherein each thermoswitch is connected in series, and each heat source is connected to one of the heat sources. A common power supply end is connected to a power supply via a thermoswitch, and if one of the rollers experiences an abnormal temperature rise, the other roller is continuously supplied with power to prevent a fire or the like. Things are known.
[0004]
Further, Patent Document 3 discloses a fixing roller, a heating roller having a halogen heater as a heat source therein, a fixing belt stretched between the fixing roller and the heating roller, and a fixing roller disposed opposite to the fixing roller. There is disclosed a fixing device that includes a pressure roller that is pressed against a fixing roller with a belt interposed therebetween and has a halogen heater as a heat source therein.
[0005]
Further, among the fixing rollers of the type disclosed in Patent Document 3, there is a type in which all three rollers including the fixing roller are provided with a heat source such as a heater, and in order to simplify temperature control, all three rollers are used. Avoids temperature control by measuring the temperature with a thermistor, etc., and based on the temperature of the pressure roller detected by the thermistor, the heater of the pressure roller and the heater of the fixing roller connected in parallel to this heater and the power supply Are turned on / off at the same time.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 10-207274 A
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-31514
[Patent Document 3]
JP-A-2002-244484
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, based on the temperature of the pressure roller detected by the thermistor as described above, the heater of the pressure roller and the heater of the fixing roller connected in parallel to the heater with respect to the power supply are simultaneously turned on / off. In the conventional fixing device described above, in order to prevent overheating of the fixing roller, it is necessary to set the wattage of the heater so that the temperature of the fixing roller is lower than the temperature of the pressure roller for detecting the temperature by the thermistor. At the start of paper, the fixing roller takes heat from the heating roller, and the temperature of the fixing belt at the nip portion between the fixing roller and the pressure roller temporarily drops, so that there is a problem in fixability. In particular, this problem is remarkable in a so-called high-speed machine which tends to pass the paper before the temperature of the fixing roller sufficiently rises and stabilizes.
[0010]
On the other hand, if the heater of the fixing roller is set to have a higher wattage than the heater of the pressure roller in order to sufficiently raise the temperature of the fixing roller, the temperature of the fixing roller is not controlled by detecting the temperature with a thermistor. In addition, there is a problem that an overheat prevention means such as a thermostat provided in the fixing roller erroneously detects.
[0011]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a fixing device capable of obtaining stable fixing properties without taking a complicated configuration for temperature control.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a fixing device according to the present invention includes a fixing roller including a first heater, a heating roller including a second heater, a fixing roller stretched between the fixing roller and the heating roller. A pressure roller connected to a power supply in parallel with the first heater and including a third heater that generates less heat than the first heater, and that contacts a fixing roller via the fixing belt; A pressure roller temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the pressure roller, and simultaneously turning on / off both the first heater and the third heater based on the temperature detected by the pressure roller temperature detecting means. A control unit for controlling the power supply to be turned off, and a power supply connected in series with the first heater and arranged with a gap between the fixing roller and the first heater at a first temperature or higher. Blocked, it is characterized in that a thermostatic switch for energizing said power supply to said first heater second temperature below lower than the first temperature.
[0013]
With this configuration, in the fixing device of the present invention, stable fixing properties can be obtained without taking a complicated configuration for temperature control.
[0014]
Further, in order to solve the above problem, the fixing device according to the present invention is characterized in that the second temperature is a toner softening temperature.
[0015]
With this configuration, in the fixing device of the present invention, since the temperature of the fixing roller 11 is maintained at a temperature equal to or higher than the toner softening point, stable fixing performance can be realized.
[0016]
Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the fixing device of the present invention includes a plurality of first overheat preventing means for turning off a first heater when the temperature of the fixing roller becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value; A plurality of second overheating preventing means for turning off the second heater when the temperature becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value; and a plurality of third heating means for turning off the third heater when the temperature of the pressure roller becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined value. Overheating prevention means.
[0017]
With this configuration, in the fixing device of the present invention, it is possible to prevent excessive temperature rise and to ensure safety.
[0018]
Further, in order to solve the above problem, the fixing device of the present invention includes: an external temperature detecting unit that detects a temperature outside the device; and a gap switching unit that switches a size of a gap between the fixing roller and the thermoswitch. The control unit controls the gap switching unit to switch the size of the gap in accordance with the temperature detected by the external temperature detection unit.
[0019]
With this configuration, in the fixing device of the present invention, the temperature of the fixing roller can be set to an optimum temperature according to the temperature environment outside the device.
[0020]
In the fixing device of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the control unit sets the gap to the gap switching unit when the temperature detected by the external temperature detection unit is higher than a predetermined temperature. Switching is performed so as to be smaller, and when the temperature detected by the external temperature detecting means is lower than a predetermined temperature, the gap switching means is configured to switch the gap to be larger than a predetermined value.
[0021]
With this configuration, in the fixing device of the present invention, the temperature of the fixing roller can be set to an optimum temperature according to the temperature environment outside the device.
[0022]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0023]
1 to 3 are a side view, a perspective view, and a heater wiring diagram of a fixing device 60 according to an embodiment of the present invention, respectively. The fixing device 60 is applied to an image forming apparatus such as a copying machine and fixes a toner image on recording paper by heat and pressure, and is a fixing device of a belt fixing type.
[0024]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the fixing device 60 includes a heating roller 1 having a heater 12 therein as a heat source, a fixing roller 11 having a heater 12 therein as a heat source, a fixing roller 11 and a heating roller 1. A fixing belt 30 stretched between the fixing belt 11 and the fixing roller 11 is disposed, and is pressed against the fixing roller 11 by the urging force of a pressing unit (not shown) including a compression spring or the like with the fixing belt 30 interposed therebetween. A pressure roller 21 having a heater 22 as a heat source therein, a thermistor 23 for detecting a surface temperature of the pressure roller 21, and a thermistor 3 for detecting a surface temperature of the heating roller 1 are provided. The fixing belt 30 has a configuration in which a plurality of heat-resistant release layers such as a fluororesin or silicon rubber are provided on the surface of an endless thin belt made of nickel, heat-resistant resin (eg, polyimide), carbon steel, stainless steel, or the like. It has become.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 2, the fixing roller 11 is provided with thermostats 14a and 14b, the heating roller 1 is provided with thermostats 4a and 4b, and the pressing roller 21 is provided with thermostats 24a and 24b. These thermostats 14a, 14b, 4a, 4b, 24a, 24b are provided as means for preventing overheating for opening a circuit when the detected temperature exceeds the set value of the thermostat and for ensuring safety. The circuit is interrupted when it becomes.
[0026]
The fixing device 60 includes a tension roller 31 that adjusts the tension of the fixing belt 30 to an appropriate value by an urging force of a pressing unit such as a spring (not shown), and cleaning rollers 32 and 33 that clean the surface of the fixing belt 30. Have.
[0027]
Information on the surface temperature of the heating roller 1 detected by the thermistor 3 is sent to the control unit 50, and the control unit 50 turns on / off the heater 2 included in the heating roller 1 and manages the target temperature.
[0028]
On the other hand, the surface temperatures of the fixing roller 11 and the pressure roller 21 are managed in a different system from the surface temperature of the heating roller 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the heater 12 included in the fixing roller 11 and the heater 22 included in the pressure roller 21 are connected in parallel to a heater power supply 51. Information on the surface temperature of the pressure roller 21 detected by the thermistor 23 is sent to the control unit 50, and the control unit 50 controls the heater 12 included in the fixing roller 11, the heater 22 included in the pressure roller 21, the heater power supply 51, and the like. The surface temperature of the heating roller 21 is controlled to a target temperature by turning on / off a switch 25 provided between the two. In the present embodiment, the wattage of the heater 12 included in the fixing roller 11 is set to be larger than that of the heater 22 included in the pressure roller 21.
[0029]
Further, the fixing device 60 includes a thermoswitch 15 that is disposed with a slight gap from the surface of the fixing roller 11. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the thermoswitch 15 is electrically connected in series to the heater 12 included in the fixing roller 11 so as to turn on / off the supply of the heater 12 from the heater power supply 51. It has become. The thermoswitch 15 cuts off the power supply when the detected temperature becomes 180 ° C. or higher, and turns on again when the detected temperature becomes 150 ° C. or lower. The thermostats 14a, 14b, 24a, 24b, 4a, and 4b are protection mechanisms for preventing overheating if the temperature becomes higher than a certain value and once the current is cut off, the temperature does not return until the temperature is lowered to about minus 35 ° C. On the other hand, the thermoswitch 15 is provided to manage the surface temperature of the fixing roller 11 to a target temperature.
[0030]
Further, the fixing device 60 is provided with an external temperature detecting means (not shown) composed of a thermistor or the like. The external temperature detecting means detects the temperature of the place where the fixing device 60 is installed. Low (low temperature environment) or high summer temperature (high temperature environment). The external temperature detecting means may be provided so as to protrude outside the fixing device 60. However, even inside the fixing device 60 or the image forming apparatus to which the fixing device 60 is applied, the external temperature detecting means may be affected by the heat generated by the device. Any place that can measure substantially the same temperature as the outside air can be installed.
[0031]
Further, the fixing device 60 includes a motor, a transmission mechanism, and the like, and sets a gap between the thermoswitch 15 and the fixing roller 11 in a state where the gap is large as shown in FIG. 4C or in a state where the gap is small as shown in FIG. Or a gap switching mechanism (not shown) for switching to any of the intermediate states shown in FIG. In FIGS. 4A to 4C, H1, H2, and H3 indicate gaps between the thermoswitch 15 and the fixing roller 11. Specifically, H1 is 0.6 mm, H2 is 0.3 mm, and H3 is 1 mm. It has become.
[0032]
When the temperature detected by the external temperature detecting means is normal temperature (for example, 24 ° C.), the control unit 50 controls the gap switching mechanism to bring the state of the gap H1 shown in FIG.
[0033]
When the temperature detected by the external temperature detecting means is high (for example, 28 ° C.), the control unit 50 controls the gap switching mechanism to set the gap H2 shown in FIG. 4B.
[0034]
When the temperature detected by the external temperature detecting means is low (for example, 20 ° C.), the control unit 50 controls the gap switching mechanism to bring the state of the gap H3 shown in FIG.
[0035]
That is, since the gap H2 when the external temperature is in a high temperature environment is narrower than H1 in a normal temperature environment, the temperature detected by the thermoswitch 15 becomes higher, so that the thermoswitch 15 controls the surface temperature of the fixing roller 11 to a lower state. I will do it. Conversely, since the gap H3 when the external temperature is low is wider than H1 in the normal temperature environment, the temperature detected by the thermoswitch 15 becomes lower. Control. In addition, as the gap switching mechanism, for example, a solenoid is used in addition to the mechanism by the motor and the transmission mechanism, or the thermal expansion of the external temperature detecting means that is mechanically directly connected to the external temperature detecting means made of metal is used. It may be something.
[0036]
FIG. 5 shows a conventional fixing device in which the thermoswitch 15 is not provided between the heater power supply 51 and the heater 12 and the wattage of the heater 12 of the fixing roller 11 is smaller than the wattage of the heater 22 of the pressure roller 21. 5 shows the temperature change. FIG. 6 shows a fixing device according to the present embodiment in which a thermoswitch 15 is provided between a heater power supply 51 and a heater 12 and the wattage of the heater 12 of the fixing roller 11 is larger than the wattage of the heater 22 of the pressing roller 21. 60 shows the temperature change of each roller.
[0037]
In the fixing device 60 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 6, since the thermoswitch 15 is provided between the heater power supply 51 and the heater 12, the wattage of the heater 12 of the fixing roller 11 is reduced by the heater 22 of the pressing roller 21. Since the wattage can be made larger than the wattage, the temperature of the fixing roller 11 during standby can be set higher than that of the pressure roller 21. Accordingly, the temperature of the fixing belt 30 to which heat is supplied from the fixing roller 11 and the heating roller 1 can be stabilized at a higher temperature than in the related art. Has dropped Delta T1). In addition, it is possible to reduce the overshoot of the temperature of the fixing roller 11 immediately after the end of the sheet feeding (the conventional delta T2 overshoot). In FIG. 6, OPEN indicated in the temperature curve of the fixing roller 11 indicates that the temperature of the fixing roller 11 has increased and the contact of the thermoswitch 15 has opened, and CLOSE indicates that the temperature of the fixing roller 11 has decreased. Indicates that the contact of the thermoswitch 15 is closed.
[0038]
In the present embodiment, the gap between the thermoswitch 15 and the fixing roller 11 is switched on the basis of the external temperature. It is possible to prevent overshoot when lowering the temperature of the fixing roller 11 which is in a high state after the sheet is passed.
[0039]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the fixing roller 11 including the heater 12, the heating roller 1 including the heater 2, the fixing belt 30 stretched between the fixing roller 11 and the heating roller 1, and the heater power supply 51 A pressure roller 21 that is connected in parallel with the heater 12 and generates less heat than the heater 12 and contacts the fixing roller 11 via a fixing belt 30; and a thermistor that detects the temperature of the pressure roller 21. 23, a control unit 50 for simultaneously turning on / off both the heater 12 and the heater 22 based on the temperature detected by the thermistor 23, a heater power supply 51 connected in series with the heater 12, The heater 12 is shut off from the heater power supply 51 at a temperature equal to or higher than a first predetermined temperature, and is disposed with a gap therebetween. For and a thermoswitch for energizing the heater power supply 51 to the heater 12 at a predetermined temperature or lower, it is possible to obtain a stable fixing property without taking a complex configuration for temperature control.
[0040]
Further, since the second predetermined temperature is the toner softening point, the temperature of the fixing roller 11 is maintained at a temperature equal to or higher than the toner softening point, so that stable fixing properties can be realized.
[0041]
Further, since a plurality of (two in this embodiment) thermostats are provided for each of the fixing roller 11, the heating roller 1, and the pressure roller 21, it is possible to prevent an excessive temperature rise and to ensure safety. it can.
[0042]
In addition, the control unit 50 includes an external temperature detecting unit that detects a temperature outside the apparatus, and a gap switching mechanism that switches a size of a gap between the fixing roller 11 and the thermoswitch 15. The control unit 50 controls the temperature detected by the external temperature detecting unit. Accordingly, when the external temperature is higher than the predetermined temperature, the gap is made smaller, and when the external temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature, the gap is made larger, so that the temperature of the fixing roller 11 can be optimized according to the temperature environment outside the apparatus. can do. For example, when the temperature outside the apparatus is low and the transfer paper is also cold, the temperature of the fixing roller 11 is set higher by narrowing the gap, and good fixing can be performed.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fixing device capable of obtaining stable fixing properties without taking a complicated configuration for temperature control.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a fixing device according to one embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a wiring diagram of a fixing device according to one embodiment.
FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C are diagrams illustrating switching of a gap between a fixing roller and a thermoswitch according to an embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing temperature changes of a fixing roller, a pressure roller, and a heating roller of a conventional fixing device.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating temperature changes of a fixing roller, a pressure roller, and a heating roller of the fixing device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heating roller 2a, 2b Heater 3 Thermistor 4a, 4b Thermostat (2nd overheat prevention means)
11 Fixing Roller 12 Heaters 14a, 14b Thermostat (First Overheating Prevention Means)
15 Thermoswitch 21 Pressure roller 22 Heater 23 Thermistor (Pressure roller temperature detecting means)
24a, 24b thermostat (third overheating prevention means)
25 switch 30 fixing belt 32 cleaning roller 50 control unit (control means)
51 Heater power supply (power supply)
60 Fixing device

Claims (5)

第1のヒータを内包する定着ローラと、
第2のヒータを内包する加熱ローラと、
前記定着ローラと前記加熱ローラに張架された定着ベルトと、
電源に対して前記第1のヒータと並列に接続されるとともに前記第1のヒータより発熱の小さい第3のヒータを内包し、前記定着ベルトを介して定着ローラに当接する加圧ローラと、
前記加圧ローラの温度を検知する加圧ローラ温度検知手段と、
前記加圧ローラ温度検知手段が検知した温度に基づいて前記第1のヒータおよび前記第3のヒータの両者を同時にオン/オフ制御する制御手段と、
前記電源に対して前記第1のヒータと直列に接続されるとともに前記定着ローラと隙間を空けて配置され、第1の温度以上で前記第1のヒータを前記電源から遮断し、前記第1の温度よりも低い第2の温度以下で前記第1のヒータに前記電源を通電するサーモスイッチとを備えたことを特徴とする定着装置。
A fixing roller including a first heater;
A heating roller containing a second heater;
A fixing belt stretched over the fixing roller and the heating roller,
A pressure roller connected to a power supply in parallel with the first heater and including a third heater generating less heat than the first heater, and abutting against a fixing roller via the fixing belt;
Pressure roller temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the pressure roller,
Control means for simultaneously turning on / off both the first heater and the third heater based on the temperature detected by the pressure roller temperature detection means;
The first power supply is connected in series with the first heater and is arranged with a gap from the fixing roller. The first heater is cut off from the power supply at a temperature equal to or higher than a first temperature. A thermoswitch for supplying power to the first heater at a temperature equal to or lower than a second temperature lower than a temperature.
前記第2の温度がトナー軟化温度であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の定着装置。The fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the second temperature is a toner softening temperature. 前記定着ローラの温度が所定値以上になると第1のヒータをオフにする複数の第1の過熱防止手段と、
前記加熱ローラの温度が所定値以上になると第2のヒータをオフにする複数の第2の過熱防止手段と、
前記加圧ローラの温度が所定値以上になると第3のヒータをオフにする複数の第3の過熱防止手段とを備えることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の定着装置。
A plurality of first overheating preventing means for turning off a first heater when the temperature of the fixing roller becomes a predetermined value or more;
A plurality of second overheating prevention means for turning off a second heater when the temperature of the heating roller becomes a predetermined value or more;
The fixing device according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of third overheat prevention units that turn off a third heater when the temperature of the pressure roller becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value.
装置外部の温度を検知する外部温度検知手段と、
前記定着ローラと前記サーモスイッチとの隙間の大きさを切り換える隙間切り替え手段とを備え、
前記制御手段は、前記外部温度検知手段が検知した温度に応じて前記隙間切り替え手段に前記隙間の大きさを切り替えさせるように制御することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の定着装置。
External temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature outside the device,
A gap switching unit that switches a size of a gap between the fixing roller and the thermoswitch,
4. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls the gap switching unit to switch the size of the gap according to a temperature detected by the external temperature detection unit. 5. Fixing device.
前記制御手段は、前記外部温度検知手段が検知した温度が所定の温度より高いときに前記隙間切り替え手段に前記隙間を所定の値より小さくなるように切り替えさせ、前記外部温度検知手段が検知した温度が所定の温度より低いときに前記隙間切り替え手段に前記隙間を所定の値より大きくなるように切り替えさせることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の定着装置。The control means causes the gap switching means to switch the gap to be smaller than a predetermined value when the temperature detected by the external temperature detection means is higher than a predetermined temperature, and the temperature detected by the external temperature detection means 5. The fixing device according to claim 4, wherein when the temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature, the gap switching unit switches the gap to be larger than a predetermined value. 6.
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US7719742B2 (en) * 2005-03-07 2010-05-18 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. MEMS device package and method of manufacturing the same
JP2006286316A (en) * 2005-03-31 2006-10-19 Nichias Corp Heater device
US7361863B2 (en) * 2005-06-30 2008-04-22 Oki Data Corporation Fixing device and image forming apparatus
JP2008083103A (en) * 2006-09-26 2008-04-10 Oki Data Corp Image forming apparatus

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